ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4250-4202
Current Organisation
Austin Health
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Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-05-2015
DOI: 10.3390/NU7053796
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-09-2013
Abstract: Central (aortic) blood pressures differ from brachial pressures and may be more relevant to the study of cognitive function, given that blood is delivered to the brain through the central large arteries. Pulse-pressure lification reflects the augmentation of blood pressure between the central and peripheral arteries, which diminishes with aging. We aimed to determine the association between central blood pressure and cognitive function in independently living adults aged 20 to 82 years ( N = 493). In adjusted regression models, higher central systolic pressure and higher central pulse pressure were each associated with poorer processing speed, Stroop processing, and recognition memory. Lower lification was associated with poorer Stroop processing, working memory, and recognition memory. Higher brachial systolic pressure and brachial pulse pressure were both associated with poorer Stroop processing. In summary, central pressures and lification were sensitive indicators of cognitive aging, predicting aspects of cognitive performance not predicted by brachial blood pressure.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.YFRNE.2017.07.001
Abstract: Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) is emerging as a major global health issue. T2DM can adversely affect cognition and increase dementia risk. This systematic review aimed to examine the functional brain changes that may underlie cognitive dysfunction in adults with T2DM. Studies were restricted to those which used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Nineteen independent studies were identified, mostly comprised of middle aged or older adults. Resting-state studies demonstrated that compared to controls, connectivity of the Default Mode Network (DMN) was reduced and the majority of task-based studies identified reduced activation in T2DM patients in regions relevant to task performance. Abnormalities of low frequency spontaneous brain activity were observed, particularly in visual regions. As most studies demonstrated that alterations in fMRI were related to poorer neuropsychological task performance, these results indicate that functional brain abnormalities in T2DM have consequences for cognition.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-11-2011
DOI: 10.1002/HUP.1245
Abstract: There is a demonstrated association between poor mood and deficiency in several micronutrients. Multivitamin supplements contain a wide range of nutrients, suggesting that they may be effective in improving mood however, few studies have investigated this potential in randomized, controlled trials. This study investigates the effects of a multivitamin, mineral, and herbal supplement on mood and stress in a group of healthy, older male volunteers. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, fifty men, aged 50-69 years, supplemented for a period of 8 weeks with a multivitamin formulation that contained vitamins (at levels above recommended daily intakes), minerals, antioxidants, and herbal extracts, or a placebo. They completed a series of mood and stress questionnaires at baseline and post-supplementation. Compared with placebo, there was a significant reduction in the overall score on a depression anxiety and stress scale and an improvement in alertness and general daily functioning in the multivitamin group. Supplementation with a multivitamin, mineral and herbal formulation may be useful in improving alertness and reducing negative mood symptoms and may also improve feelings of general day-to-day well-being.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-06-2012
DOI: 10.1002/HUP.2236
Abstract: Nutritional and vitamin status may be related to cognitive function and decline in older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nutritional supplementation on cognition in older men. The current study was an 8-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind investigation into the effects of a multivitamin, mineral and herbal supplement (Swisse Men's Ultivite®, Swisse Vitamins Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia) on cognitive performance in older men. Participants were 51 male in iduals aged between 50 and 74 years, with a sedentary lifestyle. Cognitive performance was assessed at baseline and post-treatment using a computerised battery of cognitive tasks, enabling the measurement of a range of attentional and memory processes. Blood measures of vitamin B(12) , folate and homocysteine were collected prior to and after supplementation. The results of this study revealed that contextual recognition memory performance was significantly improved following multivitamin supplementation (p < 0.05). Performance on other cognitive tasks did not change. Levels of vitamin B(12) and folate were significantly increased with a concomitant decrease in homocysteine, indicating that relatively short-term supplementation with a multivitamin can benefit these risk factors for cognitive decline. Findings from this study indicate that daily multivitamin supplementation may improve episodic memory in older men at risk of cognitive decline.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-08-2008
DOI: 10.1002/PTR.2388
Abstract: Dietary interventions may have the potential to counter age-related cognitive decline. Studies have demonstrated an improvement in age-related cognitive impairment in animals after supplementation with plant extracts containing flavonoids but there are few human studies. This double-blind, controlled study examined the effects on cognitive performance of a 5 week supplementation with Enzogenol Pinus radiata bark extract containing flavonoids, in 42 males aged 50-65 years, with a body mass index >25. Participants were supplemented for 5 weeks either with Enzogenol plus vitamin C, or with vitamin C only. A battery of computerized cognitive tests was administered, and cardiovascular and haematological parameters were assessed prior to and following supplementation. The speed of response for the spatial working memory and immediate recognition tasks improved after supplementation with Enzogenol plus vitamin C, whereas vitamin C alone showed no improvements. A trend in a reduction of systolic blood pressure was observed with Enzogenol plus vitamin C, but not with vitamin C alone. The blood safety parameters were unchanged. The findings suggest a beneficial effect of supplementation with Enzogenol on cognition in older in iduals. Larger studies are needed to ascertain its potential as a preventive treatment for age-related cognitive decline.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATHEROSCLEROSIS.2016.01.030
Abstract: Central blood pressure rises with age, which increases cardiovascular risk. There is some evidence that nutritional supplements may be useful to reduce central blood pressures in older people, but no studies have investigated the effects of multivitamin supplements for this purpose. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the effects of 16-weeks supplementation with gender-specific multivitamin and herbal supplements. Participants were healthy in iduals, free from heart disease, and included 160 females aged ≥ 50 and 79 males aged 50-65 years. Analyses of co-variance, correcting for baseline cardiovascular assessments, were used to determine the effects of supplementation on central cardiovascular measures including augmentation index, augmentation pressure and pulse pressure. Significance was set at p = 0.016. No effects of multivitamin supplementation were observed in either males or females (respectively) for central augmentation index (p = 0.841 p = 0.296), central augmentation pressure (p = 0.794 p = 0.442), and central pulse pressure (p = 0.078 p = 0.304). Similarly, there was no treatment effect observed for brachial systolic, diastolic or pulse pressures. Four months multivitamin supplementation does not appear to exert any benefit to measures of central blood pressure in healthy older people.
No related grants have been discovered for Elizabeth Harris.