ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4480-3708
Current Organisation
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-04-2023
DOI: 10.1111/NMO.14594
Abstract: The Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study on the disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBI) was used to assess the national prevalence of all 22 DGBI, the percentage of respondents meeting diagnostic criteria for at least one DGBI, and the rates of comorbid anxiety, depression, and somatization in Australia and 25 other countries. The survey was conducted in Australia and 25 other countries through the Internet and included the Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire and an in‐depth supplemental questionnaire. Two thousand thirty‐six Australian adults completed the survey nationwide: mean age 47.34 ± 17.00 years, 50.15% males. Overall, 38.67% of Australians met criteria for at least one DGBI, with unspecified functional bowel disorder (8.01%) and then functional constipation (7.71%) being the most prevalent. For those Australians with at least one DGBI, rates of anxiety, depression, and somatization where high (26.58%, 28.96%, and 63.10%, respectively), with functional chest pain having the highest rates of anxiety (55.00%) and depression (57.50%), and irritable bowel syndrome (mixed) having the highest somatization rate (75.86%). The odds of having a DGBI increased with greater anxiety (OR: 1.09, CI 95%: 0.97, 1.23), depression (OR: 1.17, CI 95%: 1.04, 1.32), and somatization (OR: 1.17, CI 95%: 1.14, 1.20) symptom severity. The current study represents the most comprehensive epidemiological exploration of DGBI and mental health in Australia to date, including their prevalence and distributions across sex and age, associations between DGBI and anxiety, depression, and somatization. The findings warrants future comparisons between population characteristics and health care systems differences in order to reduce the burden of DGBI and mental illness worldwide.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1997
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-5728(96)00177-4
Abstract: Many poxviruses encode a plethora of immunomodulatory proteins, including homologs of cellular cytokine receptors. These receptor mimics, also referred to as viroceptors, are believed to function by binding and sequestering host cytokines thus preventing their signaling cascade prior to receptor engagement. The M-T2 protein of myxoma virus is a TNF receptor homolog that has two distinct activities: the secreted dimeric M-T2 protein binds and inhibits TNF alpha while the intracellular version permits myxoma virus replication in infected T-lymphocytes by blocking the cellular apoptosis response to the virus infection. Studies with M-T2 mutants reveal that distinct protein domains mediate these two anti-immune properties of this protein.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-04-2023
DOI: 10.1111/NMO.14588
Abstract: The Rome Foundation carried out a worldwide epidemiology study on DGBI according to the Rome IV criteria in 33 countries, including Belgium. DGBI prevalence varied between continents and countries, but prevalence differences within language groups in a single country have not yet been described. We analyzed the prevalence rates of 18 DGBI and their psychosocial impact in Belgium in the French and Dutch language groups. DGBI prevalence was similar in the French‐speaking and Dutch‐speaking population. Having one or more DGBI was negatively associated with psychosocial well‐being. The scores for depression were lower in the Dutch‐speaking participants with one or more DGBI compared to the French‐speaking participants. Interestingly, we also found significantly lower scores in the general Dutch‐speaking versus the French‐speaking population for depression and non‐gastrointesinal somatic symptoms, and higher global physical health and mental health quality‐of‐life component scores. In the Dutch‐speaking group, medication use for gastric acid was lower, but use of prescribed analgesics was more common. Nevertheless, the use of non‐prescribed pain medication was higher in the French‐speaking group. Anxiety and sleep medication use was also higher in the latter group. The results of this first in‐depth analysis of Rome IV DGBI in Belgium show a higher prevalence for some DGBI in the French‐speaking cohort, and a larger associated disease burden. These differences between language/culture groups in the same country support the psychosocial pathophysiological model of DGBI.
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Olafur Palsson.