ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0862-0808
Current Organisation
University of Melbourne
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In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Human Geography | Human Geography not elsewhere classified | Economic Geography | Surfacewater Hydrology | Social and Cultural Geography | Migration | International Relations | Government and Politics of Asia and the Pacific | Environmental Sciences Not Elsewhere Classified | Urban and Regional Studies (excl. Planning) | Human Geography Not Elsewhere Classified
Climate Change Adaptation Measures | Global climate change adaptation measures | Understanding other countries | Water Allocation and Quantification | International organisations | Urban and Industrial Water Management | Social Impacts of Climate Change and Variability | Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society | Expanding Knowledge in the Environmental Sciences |
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-10-2020
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 29-08-2018
Abstract: This report uses a critique of the ontology of research on climate change and armed conflict to advance a positive and performative account of the ways in which peace could be sustained and expanded through a changing climate. Focussing on research into the relationships between climate change and armed conflict and peace, it argues that recent debates about the effect of climate change on conflagrations stem from deeper assumptions about the way the world is and can be known. The report then builds an alternative framing of peace as a phenomenon that is resilient to climate change by layering knowledge about the conditions under which peace prevails through environmental change with that on environmental peace-building and on the intersections between resilience and security.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 07-2020
Abstract: Research on social vulnerability and adaptation to climate change assumes that increasing amounts of adaptive capacity increase the likelihood of actions to adapt to climate change. We test this assumption as it applies at the scale of households, through a study of the relationship between adaptive capacity and household actions to adapt to wildfire risk in Mount Dandenong, Australia. Here we show a weak relationship exists between adaptive capacity and adaptation, such that high adaptive capacity does not clearly result in a correspondingly high level of adaptation. Three factors appear to mediate the relationship between household adaptive capacity and adaptation: their attitude to risk, their experience of risk, and their expectations of authorities. The findings suggest that to understand the adaptation practices of households, greater attention needs to be paid to socio-psychological factors that trigger people to apply their available capacities.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 23-07-2012
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 15-06-2018
Publisher: University of Technology, Sydney (UTS)
Date: 10-07-2006
DOI: 10.5130/TFC.V1I2.272
Abstract: The Yellow River basin is the site of myriad water resource problems. The Yellow River has natural geomorphological characteristics that include seasonally variable flow, very high sediment load, and the capacity to flood with devastating effect. However, people have long sought to harness the water of the Yellow River to their own industrial and agricultural ends, so as to attain the things that they value, like good health, economic growth, and employment. Intensive human use of the basin now poses new managerial problems. The Yellow River’s problems thus now include water scarcity, pollution, and flood risk. In 1997 there were 226 ‘no flow’ days, when the River failed to reach the sea the dry point started up to 700km inland (Jun 2004). This is not part of the natural flow regime of the Yellow River, which rarely ceased to flow before 1992. The Yellow River is also one of China’s most polluted rivers. While a major breach of the levees has been averted since the People’s Republic was founded in 1949, there is each year significant flooding in the Yellow River basin. The threat of a major levee failure is real and millions of lives and vast sums of capital investment will be lost in such an event, or if one of the many dams along its length fails. In this paper, we characterise the problems of the Yellow River in order to assess the significance of borders, boundaries and access in understanding the management of water. Events and conditions in particular localities have local causes and in this sense the bounding of regions is significant. Yet borders and boundaries are permeable, permitting causes also to derive from conditions in neighbouring and distant regions. Furthermore, places have causes at a larger scale, such as the nation, since borders, like the regions they bound, are hierarchical and scaled.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-10-2014
Publisher: Resilience Alliance, Inc.
Date: 2015
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 09-03-2016
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 03-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-05-2006
DOI: 10.1007/S00267-005-0068-7
Abstract: Water is scarce in many regions of the world, clean water is difficult to find in most developing countries, there are conflicts between irrigation needs and urban demands, and there is wide debate over appropriate means of resolving these problems. Similarly, in China, there is limited understanding of the ways in which people, groups, and institutions contribute to, are affected by, and respond to changes in water quantity and quality. We use the ex le of the Yellow River basin to argue that these social, managerial, and policy dimensions of the present water problems are significant and overshadow the physical ones. Despite this, they receive relatively little attention in the research agenda, particularly of the lead agencies in the management of the Yellow River basin. To this end, we ask ten research questions needed to address the policy needs of water management in the basin, split into two groups of five. The first five relate to the importance of water in this basin and the changes that have affected water problems and will continue to do so. The second five questions represent an attempt to explore possible solutions to these problems.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-0990
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2001
DOI: 10.1080/713604521
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-02-2015
Publisher: RMIT Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.3316/JHS0301004
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan UK
Date: 2016
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 26-06-2019
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 23-07-2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-07-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-12-2011
DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1334
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2005
DOI: 10.1038/436328C
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 02-11-2015
DOI: 10.5194/HESS-19-4411-2015
Abstract: Abstract. This paper assesses the impacts of the Three Gorges Dam, the South–North Water Transfer Project and other water abstractions on the probability of long-duration salt intrusions into the Yangtze River estuary. Studies of intrusions of saltwater into estuaries are typically constrained by both the short duration of discharge records and the paucity of observations of discharge and salinity. Thus, studies of intrusions of saltwater into estuaries typically seek to identify the conditions under which these intrusions occur, using detailed observations for periods of 20–60 days. The paper therefore first demonstrates a method by which to identify the conditions under which intense intrusions of long-duration occur and then applies that method to analyse the effect of the three projects. The paper constructs a model of the relationship between salinity and discharge and then employs Monte Carlo simulation methods to reconstruct the probability of observing intrusions of differing intensities and durations in relation to discharge. The model predicts that the duration of intrusions with chlorinity ≥ 250 mg L−1 (or ≥ 400 or 500 mg L−1) increases as the number of consecutive days with discharge ≤ 12 000 m3 s−1 (or ≤ 8000 m3 s−1 increases. The model predicts that in 1950–2014, the number of consecutive days with chlorinity ≥ 250 mg L−1 averaged 21.34 yr−1 if the three projects operate according to their normal rules, that average would rise to 41.20 yr−1. For a randomly selected year of discharge history from the period 1950–2014, under normal operating rules for these projects the probability of an intrusion rises from 0.25 (for 30-day intrusions) or 0.05 (for 60-day intrusions) to 0.57 or 0.28, respectively.
Publisher: Environmental Health Perspectives
Date: 05-2012
DOI: 10.1289/EHP.1104375
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-05-2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-09-2014
DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE2383
Publisher: ISEAS - Yusof Ishak Institute
Date: 03-1997
DOI: 10.1355/CS18-4B
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-02-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-12-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2006.12.019
Abstract: Water pollution from small rural industries is a serious problem throughout China. Over half of all river sections monitored for water quality are rated as being unsafe for human contact, and this pollution is estimated to cost several per cent of GDP. While China has some of the toughest environmental protection laws in the world, the implementation of these laws in rural areas is not effective. This paper explains the reasons for this implementation gap. It argues that the factors that have underpinned the economic success of rural industry are precisely the same factors that cause water pollution from rural industry to remain such a serious problem in China. This means that the control of rural water pollution is not simply a technical problem of designing a more appropriate governance system, or finding better policy instruments or more funding. Instead, solutions lie in changes in the model that underpins rural development in China.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-01-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-06-2015
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-04-2021
Publisher: Environmental Health Perspectives
Date: 2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-05-2009
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 18-07-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2013
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-01-2004
DOI: 10.1021/LA0359676
Abstract: Thermal stability behavior of 1H, 1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane self-assembled on aluminum substrates is characterized using a grazing-angle Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, Fourier transform-Raman spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. The self-assembled monolayer (SAM) is heated quasi-statically from room temperature to above 633 K with a heating rate of 1 K/s. Variations in peak frequencies, integrated areas of intensities of symmetric and antisymmetric CF2 stretches, and the relative tilt angle of the SAM are reported. We find that the conformational order in the SAM is not disrupted because of thermal cycling when the peak temperature is below 423 K. When the peak temperature is between 423 and 603 K, the cycling results in only a partial retention of the original order. When the peak temperature is above 603 K, the process is completely irreversible. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and contact angle measurements support these observations. We confirm these trends for a longer chain (1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluordecyl trichlorosilane) molecule of the same family using the same techniques. We discuss the possible reasons for the changes in light of the tilting-untilting and uncoiling-coiling of the helical silane monolayer.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-02-2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-02-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2001
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 21-07-2018
Abstract: While there is a growing literature on the institutional and scalar aspects of governance for adaptation, there remain very few studies that seek to explain how the public imagines the governance of adaptation across scales. Knowing public imaginaries of adaptation governance is important for the legitimacy and efficacy of adaptation processes. In this paper, we explain how the public imagines the governance of adaptation across scales, based on 80 in-depth interviews with coastal residents in south-eastern Australia. We find an overwhelming preference for government leadership on adaptation, little appetite for exclusively non-government responsibility regimes, and limited desire for shared public rivate responsibility regimes. Participant responses indicate a broad preference for a multilevel government governance model, with responsibility weighted at local and national scales. This preference for a strong but distributed government function is at odds with the emerging tendency of governments to shift the weight of responsibility for adaptation down to local governments and to private actors.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-05-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
Publisher: The World Bank
Date: 02-06-2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-10-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.1002/WCC.28
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-10-2014
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 18-08-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2005
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-12-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S00267-017-0974-5
Abstract: Trust in natural resource managers and planners is recognized as a crucial component of the public's perception of environmental risks, including the risk of consuming water in cities. Although China is famous for its dubious water quality, public perception of the performance of water suppliers in China has scarcely been considered. Yet this is important, not least because improvements in urban water quality are most likely if the public perceives that there is a risk, which is a function of their levels of trust. We, therefore, examine the Shanghai public's trust in urban water authorities through analysis of the results from a face-to-face questionnaire that 5007 residents responded to. We find that although respondents show a moderate level of overall trust in water suppliers, they have less trust in the honesty and fairness of these organizations. In addition, we find that hukou status and education help explain the differences in people's trust in Shanghai's water authorities, and that these are more influential than factors such as gender and age. For water managers in Shanghai, this implies trust can be improved through a greater effort at public relations and increased transparency about decision making and levels of pollution.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-08-2012
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Date: 17-12-2015
DOI: 10.1093/HEPL/9780198708315.003.0016
Abstract: This chapter examines the concept of environmental security, focusing on how it has both broadened and deepened the issue of security. It first traces the origins of environmental security, showing that it is the product of a merger of international environmental agreements, efforts by the peace movement to contest the meaning and practice of security, the proliferation of new security issues in the post-Cold War era, recognition that environmental changes pose grave risks to human well-being, and the growing community of research practice that seeks to build peace through natural resource management. The chapter goes on to consider the different meanings of environmental security, along with four major categories of environmental security problem: how environmental change can be a factor in violent conflict or a risk to national security, how war and preparation for war can damage the environment, and how environmental change can pose a risk to human security.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 07-08-2015
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Date: 17-10-2013
DOI: 10.1146/ANNUREV-ENVIRON-032112-100655
Abstract: This article reviews research on global environmental change and human security, providing retrospective and tentative prospective views of this field. It explains the roles that the concept of human security has played in research on environmental change, as well as the knowledge that it has contributed. It then discusses the Global Environmental Change and Human Security (GECHS) project as an ex le of how this research has encouraged a more politicized understanding of the problem of global environmental change, drawing attention to the roles of power, agency, and knowledge. Finally, the article considers new research frontiers that have emerged from this field, including research on social transformations as a means of promoting, sustaining, and enhancing human security in response to complex global environmental challenges. The potential contributions of human security approaches to the next generation of global change research are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2004
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-04-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2002
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-11-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41562-022-01467-8
Abstract: The consequences of climate change and responses to climate change interact with multiple dimensions of human well-being in ways that are emerging or invisible to decision makers. We examine how elements of well-being-health, safety, place, self and belonging-are at risk from climate change. We propose that the material impacts of a changing climate, discourses and information on future and present climate risks, and policy responses to climate change affect all these elements of well-being. We review evidence on the scale and scope of these climate change consequences for well-being and propose policy and research priorities that are oriented towards supporting well-being though a changing climate.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 26-02-2020
Abstract: Though rarely described as such, vulnerability to climate change is fundamentally a matter of political economy. This progress report provides a reading of contemporary research on vulnerability to climate change through a political economic lens. It interprets the research as explaining the interplay between ideas about vulnerability, the institutions that create vulnerability, and those actors with interests in vulnerability. It highlights research that critiques the idea of vulnerability, and that demonstrates the agency of those at risk as they navigate the intersecting, multi-scalar and teleconnected institutions that shape their choices in adapting to climate change. The report also highlights research that is tracking the way powerful institutions and interests that create vulnerability are themselves adapting by appropriating the cause of the vulnerable, depoliticising the causes of vulnerability, and promoting innovations in finance and markets as solutions. In these ways, political and economic institutions are sustaining themselves and capitalising on the opportunities presented by climate change at the expense of those most at risk.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 05-04-2022
DOI: 10.1177/03091325221085593
Abstract: This progress report reviews research on climate change adaptation through a political economy lens, explaining the way ideas, institutions and interests enable erse forms of adaptation practice. It reviews research on community-based adaptation, and spatial planning and investments in capital works for the purposes of adaptation. The analysis explains how practices that reduce vulnerability to climate change come into being, though it is as yet unclear if these existing political economies of adaptation are able to bring about the kind of (re)assembling of environments, technologies and practices over space and time necessary to sustain human needs and values through a dramatically changed climate.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-07-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-1997
Publisher: The MIT Press
Date: 25-09-2009
DOI: 10.7551/MITPRESS/8210.001.0001
Abstract: Experts discuss the risks global environmental change poses for the human security, including disaster and disease, violence, and increasing inequity. In recent years, scholars in international relations and other fields have begun to conceive of security more broadly, moving away from a state-centered concept of national security toward the idea of human security, which emphasizes the in idual and human well-being. Viewing global environmental change through the lens of human security connects such problems as melting ice caps and carbon emissions to poverty, vulnerability, equity, and conflict. This book examines the complex social, health, and economic consequences of environmental change across the globe. In chapters that are both academically rigorous and policy relevant, the book discusses the connections of global environmental change to urban poverty, natural disasters (with a case study of Hurricane Katrina), violent conflict (with a study of the decade-long Nepalese civil war), population, gender, and development. The book makes clear the inadequacy of traditional understandings of security and shows how global environmental change is raising new, unavoidable questions of human insecurity, conflict, cooperation, and sustainable development. ContributorsW. Neil Adger, Jennifer Bailey, Jon Barnett, Victoria Basolo, Hans Georg Bohle, Mike Brklacich, May Chazan, Chris Cocklin, Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Indra de Soysa, Heather Goldsworthy, Betsy Hartmann, Robin M. Leichenko, Laura Little, Alexander López, Richard A. Matthew, Bryan McDonald, Eric Neumayer, Kwasi Nsiah-Gyabaah, Karen L. O'Brien, Marvin S. Soroos, Bishnu Raj Upreti
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-11-2012
DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1666
Publisher: Hart Publishing
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-06-2017
DOI: 10.1002/WCC.476
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2003
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-05-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-02-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1093/IA/IIAA059
Abstract: Environmental peacebuilding is the integration of natural resource management into conflict prevention, resolution and recovery so as to support peace and environmental sustainability. Most studies have been of cases where there is significant involvement of external (usually international) actors. They thus provide implicit support for liberal peacebuilding practice, which is itself the subject of much critique. Conversely, documented ex les of environmental peacebuilding from below are rare. We analyse an endogenously emerging environmental peacebuilding institution, the customary tara bandu process in Timor-Leste. We explain the way tara bandu is used bottom-up to promote the sustainable use of natural resources and more peaceful relations. Tara bandu proves to be a successful, locally erse environmental peacebuilding institution. We further show how recent attempts by international peacebuilders and state institutions to employ tara bandu have somewhat ignored the way it is deeply interwoven with local social and spiritual relations, and in so doing have jeopardized its legitimacy and efficacy. This suggests that attempts from outside actors to facilitate environmental peacebuilding may be constrained by a mismatch between theorized norms of social and environmental relations (such as ‘shared interests’) and local cultural particularities.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2003
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2015
DOI: 10.1038/527295A
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-10-2014
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Date: 17-10-2018
DOI: 10.1146/ANNUREV-ENVIRON-102016-060952
Abstract: Research on environmental change has often focused on changes in population as a significant driver of unsustainability and environmental degradation. Demographic pessimism and limited engagement with demographic realities underpin many arguments concerning limits to growth, environmental refugees, and environment-related conflicts. Re-engagement between demographic and environmental sciences has led to greater understanding of the interactions between the size, composition, and distribution of populations and exposure to environmental risks and contributions to environmental burdens. We review the results of this renewed and far more nuanced research frontier, focusing in particular on the way demographic trends affect exposure, sensitivity, and adaptation to environmental change. New research has explained how migration systems interact with environmental challenges in in idual decisions and in globally aggregate flows. Here we integrate analysis on demographic and environmental risks that often share a root cause in limited social freedoms and opportunities. We argue for a capabilities approach to promoting sustainable solutions for a more mobile world.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-08-2016
DOI: 10.1111/TRAN.12141
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-10-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-02-2020
DOI: 10.1111/COBI.13429
Abstract: Marine protected areas (MPAs) are the preferred tool for preventing marine bio ersity loss, as reflected in international protected area targets. Although the area covered by MPAs is expanding, there is a concern that opposition from resource users is driving them into already low-use locations, whereas high-pressure areas remain unprotected, which has serious implications for bio ersity conservation. We tested the spatial relationships between different human-induced pressures on marine bio ersity and global MPAs. We used global, modeled pressure data and the World Database on Protected Areas to calculate the levels of 15 different human-induced pressures inside and outside the world's MPAs. We fitted binomial generalized linear models to the data to determine whether each pressure had a positive or negative effect on the likelihood of an area being protected and whether this effect changed with different categories of protection. Pelagic and artisanal fishing, shipping, and introductions of invasive species by ships had a negative relationship with protection, and this relationship persisted under even the least restrictive categories of protection (e.g., protected areas classified as category VI under the International Union for Conservation of Nature, a category that permits sustainable use). In contrast, pressures from dispersed, diffusive sources (e.g., pollution and ocean acidification) had positive relationships with protection. Our results showed that MPAs are systematically established in areas where there is low political opposition, limiting the capacity of existing MPAs to manage key drivers of bio ersity loss. We suggest that conservation efforts focus on bio ersity outcomes and effective reduction of pressures rather than prescribing area-based targets, and that alternative approaches to conservation are needed in areas where protection is not feasible.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2017
DOI: 10.1111/APV.12153
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-02-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2003
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 12-08-2010
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 14-10-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2002
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 24-11-2021
Abstract: Adaptation to climate change is inescapably influenced by processes of social identity—how people perceive themselves, others, and their place in the world around them. Yet there is sparse evidence into the specific ways in which identity processes shape adaptation planning and responses. This paper proposes three key ways to understand the relationship between identity formation and adaptation processes: (a) how social identities change in response to perceived climate change risks and threats (b) how identity change may be an objective of adaptation and (c) how identity issues can constrain or enable adaptive action. It examines these three areas of focus through a synthesis of evidence on community responses to flooding and subsequent policy responses in Somerset county, UK and the Gippsland East region in Australia, based on indepth longitudinal data collected among those experiencing and enacting adaptation. The results show that adaptation policies are more likely to be effective when they give in iduals confidence in the continuity of their in-groups, enhance the self-esteem of these groups, and develop their sense of self-efficacy. These processes of identity formation and evolution are therefore central to in idual and collective responses to climate risks.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-04-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S10113-023-02051-0
Abstract: Nearly a billion people depend on tropical seascapes. The need to ensure sustainable use of these vital areas is recognised, as one of 17 policy commitments made by world leaders, in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14 (‘Life below Water’) of the United Nations. SDG 14 seeks to secure marine sustainability by 2030. In a time of increasing social-ecological unpredictability and risk, scientists and policymakers working towards SDG 14 in the Asia–Pacific region need to know: (1) How are seascapes changing? (2) What can global society do about these changes? and (3) How can science and society together achieve sustainable seascape futures? Through a horizon scan, we identified nine emerging research priorities that clarify potential research contributions to marine sustainability in locations with high coral reef abundance. They include research on seascape geological and biological evolution and adaptation elucidating drivers and mechanisms of change understanding how seascape functions and services are produced, and how people depend on them costs, benefits, and trade-offs to people in changing seascapes improving seascape technologies and practices learning to govern and manage seascapes for all sustainable use, justice, and human well-being bridging communities and epistemologies for innovative, equitable, and scale-crossing solutions and informing resilient seascape futures through modelling and synthesis. Researchers can contribute to the sustainability of tropical seascapes by co-developing transdisciplinary understandings of people and ecosystems, emphasising the importance of equity and justice, and improving knowledge of key cross-scale and cross-level processes, feedbacks, and thresholds.
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 26-06-2013
Publisher: MIT Press - Journals
Date: 05-2011
DOI: 10.1162/GLEP_A_00051
Abstract: The dangers that future climate change poses to physical, biological, and economic systems are accounted for in analyses of risk and increasingly figure in decision-making about responses to climate change. Yet the potential cultural and social impacts of climate change have scarcely been considered. In this article we bring the risks climate change poses to cultures and social systems into consideration through a focus on places—those local material and symbolic contexts that give meaning and value to peoples' lives. By way of ex les, the article reviews evidence on the observed and projected impacts of climate change on the Arctic and Pacific island atoll nations. It shows that impacts may result in the loss of many unique natural and cultural components of these places. We then argue that the risk of irreversible loss of places needs to be factored into decision-making on climate change. The article then suggests ways forward in decision-making that recognizes these non-market and non-instrumental metrics of risk, based on principles of justice and recognition of in idual and community identity.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-10-2019
DOI: 10.3390/W11102176
Abstract: Shanghai is experiencing drinking water supply problems that are caused by heavy pollution of its raw water supply, deficiencies in its treatment processes, and water quality deterioration in the distribution system. However, little attention has been paid these problems of water quality in raw water, water treatment, and household drinking water. Based on water quality data from 1979 to 2016, we show that microbes (TBC), eutrophication (TP, TN, and NH3–N), heavy metals (Fe, Mn, and Hg), and organic contamination (chemical oxygen demand (COD), detergent (Linear Alklybenzene Sulfonate, LAS), and volatile phenols (VP)) pollute the raw water sources of the Huangpu River and the Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuary. The average concentrations of these contaminants in the Huangpu River are almost double that of the Changjiang estuary, forcing a rapid shift to the Changjiang estuary for raw water. In spite of filtering and treatment, TN, NH3–N, Fe, COD, and chlorine maxima of the treated water and drinking water still exceed the Chinese National Standard. We determine that the relevant threats from the water source to household water in Shanghai are: (1) eutrophication arising from highly concentrated TN, TP, COD, and algal density in the raw water (2) increasing salinity in the river estuary, especially at the Qingcaosha Reservoir (currently the major freshwater source for Shanghai) (3) more than 50% of organic constituents and by-products remain in treated water and, (4) bacteria and turbidity increase in the course of water delivery to users. The analysis presents a holistic assessment of the water quality threats to metropolitan Shanghai in relation to the city’s rapid development.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-10-2016
DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE3140
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2008
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher: MIT Press - Journals
Date: 11-2008
Abstract: In the climate change negotiations the thirteen countries that are members of OPEC obstruct progress towards reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. Although these actions undermine sustainable development in developing countries, the larger Group of 77 (G-77) coalition nevertheless tacitly supports its OPEC members in the climate regime. This article explains the connection between OPEC's interests in oil exports and its inaction on climate change, and the ergence of these interests with those of the G-77. It argues that OPEC's influence within the G-77, and therefore the climate regime, stems from the desire to maintain unity within the G-77. This unity has and is likely to continue to cost the majority of developing countries in the form delayed assistance for adaptation, the possibility of inadequate reduction in emissions under the second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol, and continued dependence on increasingly expensive oil imports.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2007
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1068/A42244
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-06-2013
DOI: 10.1038/498171B
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2004
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-06-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-05-2017
DOI: 10.1002/WCC.467
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-10-2010
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 03-12-2009
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 22-07-2010
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 16-05-2022
Abstract: Atoll societies have adapted their environments and social systems for thousands of years, but the rapid pace of climate change may bring conditions that exceed their adaptive capacities. There is growing interest in the use of ‘nature-based solutions' to facilitate the continuation of dignified and meaningful lives on atolls through a changing climate. However, there remains insufficient evidence to conclude that these can make a significant contribution to adaptation on atolls, let alone to develop standards and guidelines for their implementation. A sustained programme of research to clarify the potential of nature-based solutions to support the habitability of atolls is therefore vital. In this paper, we provide a prospectus to guide this research programme: we explain the challenge climate change poses to atoll societies, discuss past and potential future applications of nature-based solutions and outline an agenda for transdisciplinary research to advance knowledge of the efficacy and feasibility of nature-based solutions to sustain the habitability of atolls. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Nurturing resilient marine ecosystems’.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 29-07-2003
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 04-2000
DOI: 10.1017/S0260210500002710
Abstract: The argument that environmental degradation will lead to conflict is a well established concern of international studies, and it dominates the literature on environmental security. This article critically examines theories about wars fought over scarce ‘environmental’ resources, ‘water wars’, and the argument that population growth may induce conflict. One significant research programme—the Project on Environment, Population and Security— is also discussed. The article ends with an evaluation of the theoretical merits and practical effects of the environment–conflict thesis. It argues that the environment–conflict thesis is theoretically rather than empirically driven, and is both a product and legitimation of the Northern security agenda.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2008
Abstract: This article develops a theory of peace as freedom that explains some important relationships between peace and development. It does this by critically examining and then synthesizing Johan Galtung's theory of peace as the absence of violence and Amartya Sen's theory of development as freedom. Galtung's theory of peace is clear on the meaning and causes of direct violence, but vague on the details of structural violence. Sen's theory helps overcome many of the problems associated with structural violence, although its focus on agents and the state tends to downplay the importance of larger-scale political and economic processes. In the theory of peace as freedom, peace is defined as, and in praxis is enlarged through, the equitable distribution of economic opportunities, political freedoms, social opportunities, transparency guarantees, protective security and freedom from direct violence. The institutions required for peace as freedom are considered, and it is suggested that the pluralist state is the best model for providing and maintaining peace as freedom. Some implications of this theory for existing and future analyses of the causes of violent conflict are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
Start Date: 12-2012
End Date: 12-2017
Amount: $786,454.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 02-2019
End Date: 02-2025
Amount: $3,208,274.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 07-2005
End Date: 12-2009
Amount: $687,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 04-2010
End Date: 04-2013
Amount: $298,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 03-2017
End Date: 12-2023
Amount: $570,500.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2011
End Date: 12-2015
Amount: $534,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity