ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6107-5095
Current Organisation
Foshan University
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2017.10.063
Abstract: In this study, we examined the sorption of arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) to Japanese oak wood-derived biochar (OW-BC) in aqueous solutions, and determined its efficiency to remove As from As-contaminated well water. Results revealed that, among the four sorption isotherm models, Langmuir model showed the best fit to describe As(III) and As(V) sorption on OW-BC, with slightly greater sorption affinity for As(V) compared to As(III) (Q
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-12-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-12-2200
DOI: 10.1007/S41748-022-00336-8
Abstract: While the potential of biochar (BC) to immobilize potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in contaminated soils has been studied and reviewed, no review has focused on the potential use of BC for enhancing the phytoremediation efficacy of PTE-contaminated soils. Consequently, the overarching purpose in this study is to critically review the effects of BC on the mobilization, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, and bioremediation of PTEs in contaminated soils. Potential mechanisms of the interactions between BC and PTEs in soils are also reviewed in detail. We discuss the promises and challenges of various approaches, including potential environmental implications, of BC application to PTE-contaminated soils. The properties of BC (e.g., surface functional groups, mineral content, ionic content, and π-electrons) govern its impact on the (im)mobilization of PTEs, which is complex and highly element-specific. This review demonstrates the contrary effects of BC on PTE mobilization and highlights possible opportunities for using BC as a mobilizing agent for enhancing phytoremediation of PTEs-contaminated soils.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-08-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-03-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2021.118669
Abstract: Iron (III) co-precipitation with dissolved organic matter (DOM) is pervasive in many natural environments. However, the effects of DOM on the formation of Fe(III) hydroxysulfate (FHS) and its environmental implications are poorly understood. In this study, fulvic acid (FA) was used as a model DOM compound, and experiments were devised to investigate the effects of FA on the formation of FHS. In addition, the Pb(II) adsorption capabilities of FHSs biosynthesized under various FA dosages, including kinetics and sorption isotherm experiments, were conducted. These experiments showed that co-precipitation of FA promoted the formation of Fe-FA composites, FA-doped schwertmannite, and small particles of jarosite. Co-precipitates are more enriched in carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups due to their preferential binding with FHS. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms and mechanisms of Pb onto the biosynthesized FHSs were then comprehensively characterized and modeled. Though the specific surface area decreased with increasing FA loading, the introduction of FA into FHSs increased Pb(II) adsorption, with the highest concentration of FA addition improving the removal capacity of Pb(II) to 91.54%. Kinetics studies and intra-particle diffusion models indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto the FHSs was correlated with the number of active sites, and two adsorption steps: surface adsorption and the diffusion of Pb(II) in channels inside the biosynthesized FHSs, are suggested. The adsorption mechanism was attributed to cation exchange between Pb(II) and -OH and -COOH functional groups, and the co-precipitated FA provided additional sites for Pb(II) adsorption by FHS.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-11-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-12-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2012.08.135
Abstract: While landfilling provides a simple and economic means of waste disposal, it causes environmental impacts including leachate generation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. With the introduction of gas recovery systems, landfills provide a potential source of methane (CH4) as a fuel source. Increasingly revegetation is practiced on traditionally managed landfill sites to mitigate environmental degradation, which also provides a source of biomass for energy production. Combustion of landfill gas for energy production contributes to GHG emission reduction mainly by preventing the release of CH4 into the atmosphere. Biomass from landfill sites can be converted to bioenergy through various processes including pyrolysis, liquefaction and gasification. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the role of landfills as a biorefinery site by focusing on the potential volumes of CH4 and biomass produced from landfills, the various methods of biomass energy conversion, and the opportunities and limitations of energy capture from landfills.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2022.115219
Abstract: The influence of Cl
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-06-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.05.148
Abstract: Chitosan was covalently grafted onto the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to create a novel chitosan/multi-walled carbon nanotube. The structure of the new material was characterized using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, cross polarization magic angle spinning
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2021.118564
Abstract: Land application of sewage sludge is increasingly used as an alternative to landfilling and incineration owing to a considerable content of carbon and essential plant nutrients in sewage sludge. However, the presence of chemical and biological contaminants in sewage sludge poses potential dangers therefore, sewage sludge must be suitably treated before being applied to soils. The most common methods include anaerobic digestion, aerobic composting, lime stabilization, incineration, and pyrolysis. These methods aim at stabilizing sewage sludge, to eliminate its potential environmental pollution and restore its agronomic value. To achieve best results on land, a comprehensive understanding of the transformation of organic matter, nutrients, and contaminants during these sewage-sludge treatments is essential however, this information is still lacking. This review aims to fill this knowledge gap by presenting various approaches to treat sewage sludge, transformation processes of some major nutrients and pollutants during treatment, and potential impacts on soils. Despite these treatments, overtime there are still some potential risks of land application of treated sewage sludge. Potentially toxic substances remain the main concern regarding the reuse of treated sewage sludge on land. Therefore, further treatment may be applied, and long-term field studies are warranted, to prevent possible adverse effects of treated sewage sludge on the ecosystem and human health and enable its land application.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2017.10.177
Abstract: In this study, the impacts of various cations, cation strength and pH on ofloxacin (OFL) adsorption to cassava residue-derived biochars were determined. The associated adsorption mechanisms are discussed. The biochars were prepared at pyrolysis temperatures ranging from 350°C to 750°C, and labeled as CW350, CW450, CW550, CW650 and CW750. The Freundlich model provided the best fit to describe the adsorption capacity of OFL and the Freundlich coefficient (logK
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 26-01-1999
DOI: 10.1021/JA9801341
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2022.118810
Abstract: Soil heavy metal contamination has increasingly become a serious environmental issue globally, nearing crisis proportions. There is an urgent need to find environmentally friendly materials to remediate heavy-metal contaminated soils. With the continuing maturation of research on using biochar (BC) for the remediation of contaminated soil, nano-biochar (nano-BC), which is an important fraction of BC, has gradually attracted increasing attention. Compared with BC, nano-BC has unique and useful properties for soil remediation, including a high specific surface area and hydrodynamic dispersivity. The efficacy of nano-BC for immobilization of non-degradable heavy-metal contaminants in soil systems, however, is strongly affected by plant rhizosphere processes, and there is very little known about the role that nano-BC play in these processes. The rhizosphere represents a dynamically complex soil environment, which, although having a small thickness, drives potentially large materials fluxes into and out of plants, notably agricultural foodstuffs, via large diffusive gradients. This article provides a critical review of over 140 peer-reviewed papers regarding nano-BC-rhizosphere interactions and the implications for the remediation of heavy-metal contaminated soils. We conclude that, when using nano-BC to remediate heavy metal-contaminated soil, the relationship between nano-BC and rhizosphere needs to be considered. Moreover, the challenges to extending our knowledge regarding the environmental risk of using nano-BC for remediation, as well as further research needs, are identified.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-09-2023
DOI: 10.1002/LDR.4895
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2014.05.018
Abstract: The interaction between three of the most abundant bovine serum proteins (serum albumin, transferrin and IgG) with Pb(2+) was investigated using electrochemistry. The data was used to construct a new theoretical model of Pb(2+) binding to the high-abundance serum proteins under non-ideal conditions. The binding constants (β) of Pb(2+) to the in idual proteins and a mixture of proteins were measured according to a new theoretical equation (non-ideal state) as well as the McGhee-Von Hippel equation (ideal state). Differences between the models suggested that the β values obtained using the non-ideal state model was more realistic. Protein-protein interactions and micro-environmental influences affected binding between Pb(2+) and the high-abundance serum proteins. We included a micro-environmental influence factor for the model (Fm), which accurately quantified the effect of micro-environment of the proteome of Pb(2+) binding with the serum proteins. This research provides a useful reference of theoretical and experimental work regarding heavy-metal binding interactions with serum proteins.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.159229
Abstract: Phytoliths are silica biomineralization products within plants and have been considered as a promising material to sequester carbon (C). However, there is considerable uncertainty and controversy regarding the C content in phytoliths due to the lack of detailed information on variation of C under different extraction procedures. Herein, we established a series of batch digestion experimental procedures coupled with analyses of phytoliths using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy to ide phytoliths into three fractions. We then reported an approach for standardizing across hundreds of values found in the literature. Combining this standardized approach with C contents in phytoliths extracted from different digestion degrees, we revaluated the potential production rates of phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC) input globally in rice paddy fields. The results showed that the C content in recovered phytoliths exhibited a significantly fitting exponential relationship (p < 0.01) with digestion degrees and decreased from 30 to 75 g kg
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 03-12-2022
Abstract: The incorporation of biochar into soils has been recognized as a promising method to combat climate change. However, the full carbon reduction potential of biochar in paddy soils is still unclear. To give an overview of the quantified carbon reduction, a meta-analysis model of different carbon emission factors was established, and the life cycle-based carbon reduction of biochar was estimated. After one year of incorporation, biochar significantly increased the total soil carbon (by 27.2%) and rice production (by 11.3%) stimulated methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 13.6% and 1.41%, respectively, but having insignificant differences with no biochar amendment and reduced nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions by 25.1%. The soil total carbon increase was mainly related to the biochar rate, whereas CH4 emissions were related to the nitrogen fertilizer application rate. Biochar pyrolysis temperature, soil type, and climate were the main factors to influence the rice yield. The total carbon reduction potential of biochar incorporation in Chinese paddy soils in 2020 ranged from 0.0066 to 2.0 Pg C using a biochar incorporation rate from 2 to 40 t ha−1. This study suggests that biochar application has high potential to reduce carbon emissions, thereby contributing to the carbon neutrality goal, but needs field-scale long-term trials to validate the predictions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-08-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-06-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S44246-022-00005-5
Abstract: Contamination of aquatic and soil systems by organic and inorganic pollutants has become a serious issue of concern worldwide. Viable and cost-effective solutions are urgently needed to mitigate the negative impacts of erse pollutants on the environment and human health. Biochar has emerged as an effective and green material for the remediation of a wide spectrum of (in)organic pollutants. However, applications of pristine biochar in decontamination have encountered bottlenecks due to its limited properties which cannot meet the desired remediation requirements. Therefore, multiple modification methods have been developed for tailoring the physicochemical properties of biochar to enhance its effectiveness in environmental decontamination. This work provides a holistic review on the recent advances on the synthesis of engineered biochar using physical, chemical, and biological methods. Further applications and related mechanisms of engineered biochar in the field of environmental decontamination in aquatic and soil systems have also been summarized and discussed. In addition, existing challenges and research gaps are outlined, and future research needs are proposed. This review summarizes the scientific opportunities for a comprehensive understanding of using engineered biochars as effective materials for the remediation of contaminated water and soil. Graphical abstract
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2005
DOI: 10.1080/10256010500053649
Abstract: Using stable N isotopes, the fate of effluent-derived N has been determined within a land based municipal effluent irrigation scheme. Over 900 metric tonnes(t) of effluent-derived N have been applied to 192 ha of production conifer forest near Rotorua (NZ) over the past 11 years. The effluent N has a natural isotopic signal, generated by the treatment process, allowing it to be traced into various components of the system. Using this isotopic signal, a realistic approximation of storage capacity of various components of the system has been generated, including a calculation of the contribution of effluent N exiting the catchment via stream flow. Forest storage accounts for 50% of the applied N with a considerable proportion of that immobilized in wood and soil. The wetland, although not intensively s led, retains 115 t, (13%) of the applied N. Denitrification, including that occurring within the wetland, accounts for 23 t (3%). Nitrogen isotope data confirm that the rise in NO3 concentrations is directly attributable to effluent N. Currently 88% of NO3-N in the stream is effluent-derived. Using current N isotope values for the stream and extrapolating over the discharge period, export of effluent N via the stream is estimated as 263 t (29%) of the applied N. Overall the forest and wetland ecosystem has intercepted or denitrified 65% of applied N, with 29% lost to the stream, and 50 t (5%) unaccounted for. The forest ecosystem is currently over-supplied with N and a number of management implications flows from these findings. In the long term the continued application of effluent N to the current irrigation area is not sustainable.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-04-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2018.05.022
Abstract: Pollution of water by single antibiotics has been investigated in depth. However, in reality, a wide range of different contaminants is often mixed in the aquatic environment (contaminant cocktail). Here, single and competitive sorption dynamics of ionizable norfloxacin (NOR), sulfamerazine (SMR) and oxytetracycline (OTC) by both pristine and modified biochars were investigated. Sorption kinetics of the three antibiotics was faster in ternary-solute than single-solute system. Sorption efficiency was enhanced in the competitive system for NOR by the pristine biochar, and for OTC by both the pristine biochar and the modified biochar, while SMR sorption by the pristine biochar and the KOH-modified biochar was inhibited. Sorption was governed by electrostatic interactions, π-π EDA and H-bonds for antibiotics sorption by biochar. SMR and OTC sorption by biochar was influenced by cation bridging and surface complexation, respectively. This research finding will guide the development of treatment procedures for water polluted by multiple antibiotics.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-08-2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-01-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S42773-021-00126-X
Abstract: The current study investigated the effect of biochars derived from cinnamomum woodchip, garden waste and mulberry woodchip on soil phytoavailable lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) pools, and their uptake by Chinese cabbage ( Brassica chinensis L.). The biochars were produced at 450 °C of pyrolysis temperature. The contaminated soils were collected from Yunfu (classified as Udept), Jiyuan (Ustalf) and Shaoguan (Udult) cities in China at the depth of 0–20 cm and amended with biochars at the rate of 3% w/w. After mixing the soil with biochar for 14 days, the Chinese cabbage was planted in the amended soils. Then, it was harvested on the 48th day after sowing period. In Udult soil, Chinese cabbage died 18 days after sowing period in control and soils amended with cinnamomum and mulberry biochars. Although only plants grown with the garden waste biochar treatment survived in Udult soil, amendment of garden waste or mulberry biochars at 3% w/w (450 °C) to Udult soil significantly increased (4.95–6.25) soil pH compared to other biochar treatments. In Udept and Ustalf soils, the application of garden waste and mulberry biochars significantly improved plant biomass compared to control, albeit it was dependent on both biochar and soil properties. Garden waste biochar significantly decreased soil Cd phytoavailable concentration by 26% in the Udult soil, while a decrease of soil Cd phytoavailable concentration by 16% and 9% was observed in Ustalf and Udept soils, respectively. The available phosphorus in biochar and soil pH were important factors controlling toxic metal phytouptake by the plant. Thus, the amendment of soil with biochar at 3% can effectively reduce the mobility of Cd and Pb in soil and plant uptake. However, biochar and soil properties should be well-known before being used for soil toxic metal immobilization.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-07-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-08-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-03-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.153941
Abstract: Pyrolysis is considered as a promising method to immobilize potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in animal manures. However, comparative study on characteristics and environmental risk of PTEs in biochar obtained by pyrolysis of animal manure at different reactors are lacking. In this study, swine manure was pyrolyzed at 300-600 °C in a lab-scale or pilot-scale reactor with the aim to investigate their effects on characteristics and environmental risk of As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in swine manure biochar. Results showed that biochars produced from pilot scale had lower pH and carbon (C) content but higher oxygen (O) content than those from lab scale. Biochars from pilot scale had higher total PTEs (except Cd) concentrations and releasable PTEs (except Pb) but lower CaCl
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.04.003
Abstract: Unraveling sorption mechanisms of lead (Pb) to silicon (Si)-rich biochar at molecular scale in aqueous solution are essential for the effective application of the biochars to the remediation of Pb and other metal(loid)s pollution in the environment. Thus, this study investigated the contributions of phytoliths and other compounds to the Pb sorption on Si-rich coconut fiber biochar (CFB500) and the corresponding sorption mechanisms using spectroscopic techniques, including the micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The μ-XRF and XAFS results showed that K, Ca, Cu, Mn, and Fe were released and significantly related to Pb in Pb-loaded CFB500 four major Pb species were formed with similar structures to lead carboxylate (e.g., Pb(C
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-07-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-03-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-1995
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-06-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2018.01.162
Abstract: Biochar effect on the potential mobility of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in co-contaminated soils is not well investigated. A laboratory leaching study was conducted to evaluate the effect of biochars derived from bamboo (BB) and pig (PB) on the leachability of DBP, Cd, and Pb through soil columns packed with two soils with low or high organic carbon content (LOC 0.35% C: HOC 2.24% C) and spiked with DBP, Cd, and Pb. Application of PB to the LOC soil significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the leaching loss by up to 88% for DBP, 38% for Cd, and 71% for Pb, whereas its impact was insignificant in the HOC soil. The higher efficacy of PB in reducing the leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb in the LOC soil than that of BB might be related to PB's higher specific surface area, surface alkalinity, pH, and mineral contents compared to those of BB. Co-contamination of Cd and Pb enhanced leaching of DBP in the LOC soil treated with PB, possibly by competition for the sorption sites. Leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the LOC soil than in the HOC soil. This study revealed that the effectiveness of biochars was dependent on the soil organic carbon content. Application of PB to the LOC soil was effective in reducing the leaching risk of DBP, Cd, and Pb.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-07-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2017.09.253
Abstract: During silicate weathering, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-01-2021
DOI: 10.3390/W13020225
Abstract: Water eutrophication is a global environmental problem that poses serious threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. The evaluation of eutrophication provides a theoretical basis and technical guidance for the management and rehabilitation of water ecosystems. In the last four decades, dozens of evaluation methods have been applied to freshwater eutrophication, but there is a clear need to optimize and standardize the most suitable methods. We have addressed this gap by presenting a systematic review of methodologies. Due to the ersity and complexity of water bodies, no single evaluation method was identified that would adequately represent eutrophication under all scenarios. We demonstrate that lakes can best be assessed using the trophic level index (TLI) method, reservoirs and wetlands the trophic state index (TSI) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method, respectively, and rivers the FCE method or back propagation (BP) neural network methods. More recently applied methodologies including spectral imaging and 3-D mapping of water quality using underwater gliders allow greater resolution and can be effective in managing waterbodies to avoid future eutrophication. The aim of this review is to guide future studies on the most appropriate methods available for assessing and reporting water eutrophication.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-07-2022
DOI: 10.1111/GCB.16325
Abstract: Soil organic carbon (SOC) in coastal wetlands, also known as “blue C,” is an essential component of the global C cycles. To gain a detailed insight into blue C storage and controlling factors, we studied 142 sites across ca. 5000 km of coastal wetlands, covering temperate, subtropical, and tropical climates in China. The wetlands represented six vegetation types ( Phragmites australis , mixed of P. australis and Suaeda , single Suaeda , Spartina alterniflora , mangrove [ Kandelia obovata and Avicennia marina ], tidal flat) and three vegetation types invaded by S. alterniflora ( P. australis , K. obovata , A. marina ). Our results revealed large spatial heterogeneity in SOC density of the top 1‐m ranging 40–200 Mg C ha −1 , with higher values in mid‐latitude regions (25–30° N) compared with those in both low‐ (20°N) and high‐latitude (38–40°N) regions. Vegetation type influenced SOC density, with P. australis and S. alterniflora having the largest SOC density, followed by mangrove, mixed P. australis and Suaeda , single Suaeda and tidal flat. SOC density increased by 6.25 Mg ha −1 following S. alterniflora invasion into P. australis community but decreased by 28.56 and 8.17 Mg ha −1 following invasion into K. obovata and A. marina communities. Based on field measurements and published literature, we calculated a total inventory of 57 × 10 6 Mg C in the top 1‐m soil across China's coastal wetlands. Edaphic variables controlled SOC content, with soil chemical properties explaining the largest variance in SOC content. Climate did not control SOC content but had a strong interactive effect with edaphic variables. Plant biomass and quality traits were a minor contributor in regulating SOC content, highlighting the importance of quantity and quality of OC inputs and the balance between production and degradation within the coastal wetlands. These findings provide new insights into blue C stabilization mechanisms and sequestration capacity in coastal wetlands.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2022.134590
Abstract: A better understanding of different retention mechanisms of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) by biochars during the remediation of contaminated sites is critically needed. In this study, different spectroscopic techniques including synchrotron-based micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF), X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), and near-edge XAFS spectroscopy (NEXAFS), were used to investigate the spatial distributions and retention mechanisms of lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) on phytolith-rich coconut-fiber biochar (CFB), and ammonia, nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide modified CFB (MCFB) (i.e., ACFB, NCFB and HCFB). The μ-XRF analyses indicated that sorption sites on ACFB and NCFB were more efficient compared to those on CFB and HCFB to bind Pb/Cu. XAFS analyses revealed that the percentage of Pb species as Pb(C
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-07-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-06-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S42773-022-00160-3
Abstract: Globally, nitrogen (N) fertilizer demand is expected to reach 112 million tonnes to support food production for about 8 billion people. However, more than half of the N fertilizer is lost to the environment with impacts on air, water and soil quality, and bio ersity. Importantly, N loss to the environment contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Nevertheless, where N fertilizer application is limited, severe depletion of soil fertility has become a major constraint to sustainable agriculture. To address the issues of low fertilizer N use efficiency (NUE), biochar-based N fertilizers (BBNFs) have been developed to reduce off-site loss and maximize crop N uptake. These products are generally made through physical mixing of biochar and N fertilizer or via coating chemical N fertilizers such as prilled urea with biochar. This review aims to describe the manufacturing processes of BBNFs, and to critically assess the effects of the products on soil properties, crop yield and N loss pathways.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-12-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2019.125331
Abstract: The effects of reaction temperature, residence time, sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide on the total concentration and speciation of N and P, potentially toxic elements (salts and metal elements) of pig manure during its hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) were investigated. Concentrations of Cl, K, Na and Mg in the hydrochars were much lower but total N, P and nitrate-nitrogen (NO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2017.06.154
Abstract: Biochar is chemically more reduced and reactive than the original feedstock biomass. Graphite regions, functional groups, and redox-active metals in biochar contribute to its redox characteristics. While the functional groups such as phenolic species in biochar are the main electron donating moieties (i.e., reducers), the quinones and polycondensed aromatic functional groups are the components accepting electrons (oxidants). The redox capacity of biochar depends on feedstock properties and pyrolysis conditions. This paper aims to review and summarize the various synthesis techniques for biochars and the methods for probing their redox characteristics. We review the abiotic and microbial applications of biochars as electron donors, electron acceptors, or electron shuttles for pollutant degradation, metal(loid)s (im)mobilization, nutrient transformation, and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, knowledge gaps that exist in the exploration and differentiation of the electron transfer mechanisms involving biochars are also identified.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.WASMAN.2010.10.014
Abstract: Response surface methodology was employed to analyze the interaction between the water:feed ratio (2.0-9.0), reaction temperature (180-280°C) and retention time (0-60 min) on hydrothermal conversion of lawn grass clippings as a model biomass. Solid residues and the liquid pH decreased, while the water-soluble organic fraction increased with greater water:feed ratios. Greater water content resulted in a higher yield of reducing sugars, proteins, and amino acids. This was attributed to improved mass transport properties in the subcritically-heated water. Response surface analysis was used to describe the interaction of the water:feed ratio, temperature and retention time with regards to the yields of reducing sugars, proteins, and amino acids. The highest yields of both reducing sugars and amino acids were obtained with a water:feed ratio of 5.5 at 230°C reaction temperature and 30 min retention time highest yield of protein was obtained with a water:feed ratio of 9.0 at 230°C and 0 min retention time. Moreover, fitted quadratic polynomial, fitted 2FI polynomial and quadratic polynomial were established via ANOVA to describe the effects of temperature, retention time and water:feed ratio on the yield of reducing sugars, proteins, and amino acids.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2016.05.068
Abstract: Biochar has emerged as an efficient tool to affect bioavailability of heavy metals in contaminated soils. Although partially understood, a carefully designed incubation experiment was performed to examine the effect of biochar on mobility and redistribution of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in a sandy loam soil collected from the surroundings of a copper smelter. Bamboo and rice straw biochars with different mesh sizes (<0.25 mm and <1 mm), were applied at three rates (0, 1, and 5% w/w). Heavy metal concentrations in pore water were determined after extraction with 0.01 M CaCl
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2016.10.163
Abstract: In this study, we examined the efficacy of nine different types of coconut-fiber derived biochars (CFBs), prepared at different temperatures and chemically modified with ammonia, hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid, to remove lead (Pb
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-01-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2021.118645
Abstract: Cropland contamination by toxic trace metal (loid)s (TTMs) has attracted increasing attention due to the serious consequential threat to crop quality and human health. Mitigation of plant TTM stress by silica amendment has been proposed recently. However, the relationship between the siliceous structure of phytoliths and TTMs in plants, and the environmental implications of phytolith-occluded trace metal (loid)s (PhytTMs) remain unclear. This study assessed the accumulation of five metal (loid)s, including lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and arsenic (As), in the organic tissues and phytoliths of wheat grown in a mixed-TTM contaminated soil under both lightly and heavily contaminated conditions. The results show that the concentrations of plant TTMs and PhytTMs were significantly (p < 0.05) positively correlated, and higher in heavily contaminated wheats than those in lightly contaminated ones. The bio-enrichment factors between phytoliths and organic tissues were higher for As (1.83), Pb (0.27) and Zn (0.30) than for Cd (0.03) and Cu (0.14), implying that As, Pb and Zn were more readily co-precipitated with silicon (Si) in phytolith structures than Cd and Cu. Network analysis of the relationship between soil and plant elements with PhytTMs showed that severe contamination could impact the homeostasis of elements in plants by altering the translocation of TTMs between soils, plants, and phytoliths. The accumulation of TTMs in phytoliths was affected by the capacity of Si deposition in tissues and chelation of TTMs with silica, which could impact the role of PhytTMs in global biogeochemical TTM cycles.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVINT.2021.106908
Abstract: Antimony (Sb) is introduced into soils, sediments, and aquatic environments from various sources such as weathering of sulfide ores, leaching of mining wastes, and anthropogenic activities. High Sb concentrations are toxic to ecosystems and potentially to public health via the accumulation in food chain. Although Sb is poisonous and carcinogenic to humans, the exact mechanisms causing toxicity still remain unclear. Most studies concerning the remediation of soils and aquatic environments contaminated with Sb have evaluated various amendments that reduce Sb bioavailability and toxicity. However, there is no comprehensive review on the biogeochemistry and transformation of Sb related to its remediation. Therefore, the present review summarizes: (1) the sources of Sb and its geochemical distribution and speciation in soils and aquatic environments, (2) the biogeochemical processes that govern Sb mobilization, bioavailability, toxicity in soils and aquatic environments, and possible threats to human and ecosystem health, and (3) the approaches used to remediate Sb-contaminated soils and water and mitigate potential environmental and health risks. Knowledge gaps and future research needs also are discussed. The review presents up-to-date knowledge about the fate of Sb in soils and aquatic environments and contributes to an important insight into the environmental hazards of Sb. The findings from the review should help to develop innovative and appropriate technologies for controlling Sb bioavailability and toxicity and sustainably managing Sb-polluted soils and water, subsequently minimizing its environmental and human health risks.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-03-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-08-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2022.119819
Abstract: Garden pruning waste is becoming a problem that intensifies the garbage siege. It is of great significance to purify polluted water using biochar prepared from garden pruning waste. Herein, the interaction mechanism between BPS and oriental plane tree biochar (TBC) with different surface functional groups was investigated by adsorption experiments, spectroscopic analysis and theoretical calculations. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm of BPS on TBC can be satisfactorily fitted into pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir models, respectively. A rapid adsorption kinetic toward BPS was achieved by TBC in 15 min. As compared with TBC prepared at low temperature (300 °C) (LTBC), the maximum adsorption capacity of TBC prepared at high temperature (600 °C) (HTBC) can be significantly improved from 46.7 mg g
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.01.002
Abstract: In recent years, biochar has been extensively studied as a sorbent for immobilizing contaminants and minimizing their bioavailability in soils. Few studies have been conducted to evaluate the interactions between biochar and compost in soils and their impact on degradation of organic contaminants. In the present study, soils with high organic carbon content (HOC) and low organic carbon content (LOC) were spiked with 100mg·kg
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2022.130308
Abstract: Rice grown in soils contaminated with arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) can cause lower rice yield and quality due to the toxic stress. Herein, we examined the role of functionalized biochars (raw phosphorus (P)-rich (PBC) and iron (Fe)-modified P-rich (FePBC)) coupled with different irrigation regimes (continuously flooded (CF) and intermittently flooded (IF)) in affecting rice yield and accumulation of As and Pb in rice grain. Results showed that FePBC increased the rice yield under both CF (47.4%) and IF (19.6%) conditions, compared to the controls. Grain As concentration was higher under CF (1.94-2.42 mg kg
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2014.08.030
Abstract: Despite the many benefits of biochar amendment in composting, little information is available about its effects on organic matter humification during the process. In this study the analytical results for two in-vessel composting piles were compared, one amended with biochar (VPSB, pig manure+sawdust+biochar) and the other serving as a control (VPS, pig manure+sawdust). During the 74 days of humification, the increased content of humic acid carbon in VPSB is 16.9% more than that of the control. Spectroscopic analyses show a higher O-alkyl C/alkyl C ratio and aromaticity in VPSB at the thermophilic phase, and peak intensities of fulvic-like and humic-like substances were achieved faster in VPSB than VPS. These data inferred that biochar amendment promoted the neo-synthesis of humic acids and intensified the humification of pig manure. Increase in carboxylic groups of biochar as a result of oxidation reactions and sorption of humic substances may correspond to the faster formation of aromatic polymers in biochar-supplemented composting pile. The results suggest that biochar amendment might be a potential method to enhance humification during pig manure composting.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 06-01-2023
DOI: 10.3389/FENVS.2022.1114940
Abstract: Biochar nanoparticles (BC-NP) have attracted significant attention because of their unique environmental behavior, some of which could potentially limit large-scale field application of biochar. Accurate prediction of the fate and transportability of BC-NP in soil matrix is the key to evaluating their environmental influence. This study investigated the effects of soil grain size and environmentally relevant solution chemistry, such as ionic strength (cation concentration, 0.1 mM–50 mM cation type, Na + , and Ca 2+ ), and humic acid (HA 0–10 mg/L), on the transport behavior of BC-NP via systematic column experiments. The transportability of BC-NP in the soil-packed column decreased with decreasing soil grain size and was inversely proportional to soil clay content. At low cation concentrations (0.1–1.0 mM), a considerable proportion of BC-NP (15.95%–67.17%) penetrated the soil columns. Compared with Na + , Ca 2+ inhibited the transportability of BC-NP in the soil through a charge shielding effect. With increasing HA concentration, the transportability of BC-NP increased, likely due to an enhanced repulsion force between BC-NP and soil particles. However, at a high HA concentration (10 mg/L), Ca 2+ bridging reduced the transportability of BC-NP in the soil. Breakthrough curves of BC-NP were explained by the two-site kinetic retention model. The antagonistic effects of ionic strength and HA indicated that the transport behavior of BC-NP in the soil was governed by competitive effects of some environmental factors, including soil grain size, environmental solution chemistry, and natural organic matter content.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.155004
Abstract: Rice is an important food crop that is susceptible to arsenic (As) contamination under paddy soil conditions depending on As uptake characteristics of the rice genotypes. Here we unveiled the significance of eighteen (fine and coarse) rice genotypes against As accumulation/tolerance, morphological and physiological response, and antioxidant enzymes-enabled defense pathways. Arsenic significantly affected rice plant morphological and physiological attributes, with relatively more impacts on fine compared to coarse genotypes. Grain, shoot, and root As uptake were lower in fine genotypes (0.002, 0.020, and 0.032 mg pot
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 02-04-2017
DOI: 10.3390/EN10040469
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-04-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-09-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-03-2013
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-01-2023
DOI: 10.3390/W15030391
Abstract: Chromium (Cr)-contaminated tannery wastewater is a major environmental concern, especially in developing countries, such as Pakistan, due to its use for crop irrigation, resulting in food-chain contamination and health issues. In this study, we explored the distribution, speciation, hydrogeochemical behavior and environmental risks of Cr in tannery wastewater collected from various tanneries of Kasur district in Punjab, Pakistan. Tannery wastewater s les were taken during the summer (TWW-summer n = 82) and winter (TWW-winter n = 82) seasons. The results showed that high Cr concentration was observed in TWW-winter (mean: 49 ± 32 mg L−1) compared to TWW-summer (mean: 15 ± 21 mg L−1). In TWW-summer and TWW-winter s les, the Cr concentration exceeded the National Environmental Quality Standard (1 mg L−1), with the total Cr ranging from 2.8 to 125 mg L−1. Hexavalent Cr (Cr(VI)) and trivalent Cr (Cr(III)) concentrations spanned 2.7 to 2.9 and 12.4 to 46 mg L−1, respectively. The Piper plot showed that hydrogeochemistry of wastewater was dominated by Ca-Mg-SO4 and Ca-Mg-Cl type water, and geochemical modeling indicated that the presence of Cr-iron (Fe)-bearing mineral phases—notably, FeCr2O4, MgCr2O4 and Cr(OH)3) may control the fate of Cr in the tannery wastewater. Environmental risk assessment modeling categorized the tannery wastewater as the ‘worst quality’, which is not fit for use in crop irrigation without treatment. This study highlights that immediate monitoring, remediation and mitigation strategies are required to reduce the risk of Cr exposure from tannery wastewater in many areas of Pakistan.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-12-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2019.02.042
Abstract: Hydrothermal carbonization is a promising approach of biosolids management and its utilization as a soil amendment. This study evaluated the physical and chemical properties of hydrothermally converted biosolids (Sewchar) and its effect as a potential soil amendment on the growth of rice, beans, and radish. The germination experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a randomized design using five Sewchar doses (0, 10, 20, 40 and 60 Mg ha
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2015.05.037
Abstract: Biochar is a carbonaceous sorbent and can be used as a potential material to reduce the bioavailability of organic pollutants in contaminated soils. In the present study, the adsorption and desorption of diethyl phthalate (DEP) onto soils amended with bamboo biochar was investigated with a special focus on the effect of biochar application rates and aging conditions on the adsorption capacity of the soils. Biochar amendment significantly enhanced the soil adsorption of DEP that increased with increasing application rates of biochar. However, the adsorption capacity decreased by two aging processes (alternating wet and dry, and constantly moist). In the soil with low organic carbon (OC) content, the addition of 0.5% biochar (without aging) increased the adsorption by nearly 98 times compared to the control, and exhibited the highest adsorption capacity among all the treatments. In the soil with high OC content, the adsorption capacity in the treatment of 0.5% biochar without aging was 3.5 and 3 times greater than those of the treatments of biochar aged by alternating wet and dry, and constantly moist, respectively. Moreover, constantly moist resulted in a greater adsorption capacity than alternating wet and dry treatments regardless of biochar addition. This study revealed that biochar application enhanced soil sorption of DEP, however, the enhancement of the adsorption capacity was dependent on the soil organic carbon levels, and aging processes of biochar.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 31-10-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-01-2022
DOI: 10.1111/GCB.16092
Abstract: Phytolith carbon (C) sequestration plays a key role in mitigating global climate change at a centennial to millennial time scale. However, previous estimates of phytolith‐occluded carbon (PhytOC) storage and potential in China's grasslands have large uncertainties mainly due to multiple data sources. This contributes to the uncertainty in predicting long‐term C sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems using Earth System Models. In this study, we carried out an intensive field investigation (79 sites, 237 soil profiles [0–100 cm], and 61 vegetation assessments) to quantify PhytOC storage in China's grasslands and to better explore the biogeographical patterns and influencing factors. Generally, PhytOC production flux and soil PhytOC density in both the Tibetan Plateau and the Inner Mongolian Plateau had a decreasing trend from the Northeast to the Southwest. The aboveground PhytOC production rate in China's grassland was 0.48 × 10 6 t CO 2 a –1 , and the soil PhytOC storage was 383 × 10 6 t CO 2 . About 45% of soil PhytOC was stored in the deep soil layers (50–100 cm), highlighting the importance of deep soil layers for C stock assessments. Importantly, the Tibetan Plateau had the greatest contribution (more than 70%) to the PhytOC storage in China's grasslands. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that altitude and soil texture significantly influenced the spatial distribution of soil PhytOC, explaining 78.1% of the total variation. Soil phytolith turnover time in China's grasslands was mainly controlled by climatic conditions, with the turnover time on the Tibetan Plateau being significantly longer than that on the Inner Mongolian Plateau. Our results offer more accurate estimates of the potential for phytolith C sequestration from ecological restoration projects in degraded grassland ecosystems. These estimates are essential to parameterizing and validating global C models.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-05-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-07-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2022.114973
Abstract: Soil heavy metal contamination caused by mining activities is a global issue. These heavy metals can be enriched in plants and animals through the food chain, and eventually transferred to the human system and threatening public health. Biochar, as an environmentally friendly soil remediation agent, can effectively immobilize heavy metals in soil. However, most researchers concern more about the remediation effect and mechanism of biochar for industrial and agricultural contaminated soil, while related reviews focusing on mining soil remediation are limited. Furthermore, the remediation effect of soil in mining areas is affected by many factors, such as physicochemical properties of biochar, pyrolysis conditions, soil conditions, mining environment and application method, which can lead to great differences in the remediation effect of biochar in erse mining areas. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically unravel the relevant knowledge of biochar remediation, which can also provide a guide for future studies on biochar remediation of contaminated soils in mining areas. The present paper first reviews the negative effects of mining activities on soil and the advantages of biochar relative to other remediation methods, followed by the mechanism and influencing factors of biochar on reducing heavy metal migration and bioavailability in mining soil were systematically summarized. Finally, the main research directions and development trends in the future are pointed out, and suggestions for future development are proposed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2019.124532
Abstract: Biochar (BC) potentially accelerates ammonia (NH
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2021.127971
Abstract: Contamination of aquatic systems by antimony (Sb) is a worldwide issue due to its risks to eco-environment and human health. Batch sorption experiments were conducted to assess the equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics of antimonite [Sb(III)] sorption by pristine biochar (BC) and chitosan-loaded biochar (CHBC) derived from branches of Ficus microcarpa. Results showed the successful loading of chitosan onto biochar surface, exhibiting more functional groups (e.g., CO, -NH
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-05-2017
DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1278427
Abstract: In this study, we examined the potential role of phosphate (P 0, 50, 100 mg kg
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-08-2023
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2019.134878
Abstract: Sorption of organic contaminants by biochar greatly affects their bioavailability and fate in soils. Nevertheless, very little information is available regarding the effects of biochar on sorption and desorption of organic contaminants in different soil particle-size fractions. In this study, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), a prevalent organic contaminant in agricultural soils, was taken as a model contaminant. The effects of biochar on DBP sorption and desorption in six particle-size fractions (i.e., coarse sand, fine sand, coarse silt, fine silt, clay, and humic acid fractions) of paddy soil were investigated using batch sorption-desorption experiments. A straw-derived biochar with high specific surface area (116 m
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-04-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-015-4316-Y
Abstract: Mercury from anthropogenic activities is a pollutant that poses significant risks to humans and the environment. In soils, mercury remediation can be technically challenging and costly, depending on the subsurface mercury distribution, the types of mercury species, and the regulatory requirements. This paper introduces the chemistry of mercury and its implications for in situ mercury remediation, which is followed by a detailed discussion of several in situ Hg remediation technologies in terms of applicability, cost, advantages, and disadvantages. The effect of Hg speciation on remediation performance, as well as Hg transformation during different remediation processes, was detailed. Thermal desorption, electrokinetic, and soil flushing/washing treatments are removal technologies that mobilize and capture insoluble Hg species, while containment, solidification/stabilization, and vitrification immobilize Hg by converting it to less soluble forms. Two emerging technologies, phytoremediation and nanotechnology, are also discussed in this review.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1919
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.156373
Abstract: Land treatment has become an essential waste management practice. Therefore, soil becomes a major source of contaminants including organic chemicals and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) which enter the food chain, primarily through leaching to potable water sources, plant uptake, and animal transfer. A range of soil amendments are used to manage the mobility of contaminants and subsequently their bioavailability. Various soil amendments, like desorbing agents, surfactants, and chelating agents, have been applied to increase contaminant mobility and bioavailability. These mobilizing agents are applied to increase the contaminant removal though phytoremediation, bioremediation, and soil washing. However, possible leaching of the mobilized pollutants during soil washing is a major limitation, particularly when there is no active plant uptake. This leads to groundwater contamination and toxicity to plants and soil biota. In this context, the present review provides an overview on various soil amendments used to enhance the bioavailability and mobility of organic and inorganic contaminants, thereby facilitating increased risk when soil is remediated in polluted areas. The unintended consequences of the mobilization methods, when used to remediate polluted sites, are discussed in relation to the leaching of mobilized contaminants when active plant growth is absent. The toxicity of targeted and non-targeted contaminants to microbial communities and higher plants is also discussed. Finally, this review work summarizes the existing research gaps in various contaminant mobilization approaches, and prospects for future research.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2017.05.172
Abstract: Shooting range soils contain mixed heavy metal contaminants including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn). Phosphate (P) compounds have been used to immobilize these metals, particularly Pb, thereby reducing their bioavailability. However, research on immobilization of Pb's co-contaminants showed the relative importance of soluble and insoluble P compounds, which is critical in evaluating the overall success of in situ stabilization practice in the sustainable remediation of mixed heavy metal contaminated soils. Soluble synthetic P fertilizer (diammonium phosphate DAP) and reactive (Sechura SPR) and unreactive (Christmas Island CPR) natural phosphate rocks (PR) were tested for Cd, Pb and Zn immobilization and later their mobility and bioavailability in a shooting range soil. The addition of P compounds resulted in the immobilization of Cd, Pb and Zn by 1.56-76.2%, 3.21-83.56%, and 2.31-74.6%, respectively. The reactive SPR significantly reduced Cd, Pb and Zn leaching while soluble DAP increased their leachate concentrations. The SPR reduced the bioaccumulation of Cd, Pb and Zn in earthworms by 7.13-23.4% and 14.3-54.6% in comparison with earthworms in the DAP and control treatment, respectively. Bioaccessible Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations as determined using a simplified bioaccessibility extraction test showed higher long-term stability of P-immobilized Pb and Zn than Cd. The differential effect of P-induced immobilization between P compounds and metals is due to the variation in the solubility characteristics of P compounds and nature of metal phosphate compounds formed. Therefore, Pb and Zn immobilization by P compounds is an effective long-term remediation strategy for mixed heavy metal contaminated soils.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2022.130189
Abstract: This review aims to provide an overview of the sources and reactions of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and surfactants in soil and sediments, the surfactant-enhanced solubilisation of POPs, and the unintended consequences of surfactant-induced remediation of soil and sediments contaminated with POPs. POPs include chemical compounds that are recalcitrant to natural degradation through photolytic, chemical, and biological processes in the environment. POPs are potentially toxic compounds mainly used in pesticides, solvents, pharmaceuticals, or industrial applications and pose a significant and persistent risk to the ecosystem and human health. Surfactants can serve as detergents, wetting and foaming compounds, emulsifiers, or dispersants, and have been used extensively to promote the solubilization of POPs and their subsequent removal from environmental matrices, including solid wastes, soil, and sediments. However, improper use of surfactants for remediation of POPs may lead to unintended consequences that include toxicity of surfactants to soil microorganisms and plants, and leaching of POPs, thereby resulting in groundwater contamination.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-01-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S10653-021-01196-3
Abstract: Climate change is a global challenge that is accelerated by contamination with hazardous substances like arsenic (As), posing threat to the agriculture, ecosystem and human health. Here, we explored the impact of various ameliorants on geochemical distribution of As in two soils with contrasting textures (sandy clay loam (Khudpur Village) and clay loam (Mattital Village)) under paddy soil conditions and their influence on the CO
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-07-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S42773-022-00161-2
Abstract: Removal of antimonite [Sb(III)] from the aquatic environment and reducing its biotoxicity is urgently needed to safeguard environmental and human health. Herein, crawfish shell-derived biochars (CSB), pyrolyzed at 350, 500, and 650 ° C, were used to remediate Sb(III) in aqueous solutions. The adsorption data best fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. Biochar produced at 350 ° C (CSB350) showed the highest adsorption capacity (27.7 mg g − 1 ), and the maximum 78% oxidative conversion of Sb(III) to Sb(V). The adsorption results complemented with infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron (XPS), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy analyses indicated that the adsorption of Sb(III) on CSB involved electrostatic interaction, surface complexation with oxygen-containing functional groups (C = O, O = C–O), π–π coordination with aromatic C = C and C–H groups, and H-bonding with –OH group. Density functional theory calculations verified that surface complexation was the most dominant adsorption mechanism, whilst π–π coordination and H-bonding played a secondary role. Furthermore, electron spin resonance (ESR) and mediated electrochemical reduction/oxidation (MER/MEO) analyses confirmed that Sb(III) oxidation at the biochar surface was governed by persistent free radicals (PFRs) (•O 2 − and •OH) and the electron donating/accepting capacity (EDC/EAC) of biochar. The abundance of preferable surface functional groups, high concentration of PFRs, and high EDC conferred CSB350 the property of an optimal adsorbent/oxidant for Sb(III) removal from water. The encouraging results of this study call for future trials to apply suitable biochar for removing Sb(III) from wastewater at pilot scale and optimize the process.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-07-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 30-09-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-04-2013
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-013-1659-0
Abstract: Soil contamination with heavy metals and organic pollutants has increasingly become a serious global environmental issue in recent years. Considerable efforts have been made to remediate contaminated soils. Biochar has a large surface area, and high capacity to adsorb heavy metals and organic pollutants. Biochar can potentially be used to reduce the bioavailability and leachability of heavy metals and organic pollutants in soils through adsorption and other physicochemical reactions. Biochar is typically an alkaline material which can increase soil pH and contribute to stabilization of heavy metals. Application of biochar for remediation of contaminated soils may provide a new solution to the soil pollution problem. This paper provides an overview on the impact of biochar on the environmental fate and mobility of heavy metals and organic pollutants in contaminated soils and its implication for remediation of contaminated soils. Further research directions are identified to ensure a safe and sustainable use of biochar as a soil amendment for remediation of contaminated soils.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-01-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S42773-022-00201-X
Abstract: Although research on biochar has received increasing attention for environmental and agricultural applications, the significance of nanobiochar for environmental pollutant remediation is poorly understood. In contrast to bulk biochar, nanobiochar has superior physicochemical properties such as high catalytic activity, unique nanostructure, large specific surface area and high mobility in the soil environment. These unique characteristics make nanobiochar an ideal candidate for pollution remediation. Thus far, the research on nanobiochar is still in its infancy and most of the previous studies have only been conducted for exploring its properties and environmental functions. The lack of in-depth summary of nanobiochar’s research direction makes it a challenge for scientists and researchers globally. Hence in this review, we established some key fabrication methods for nanobiochar with a focus on its performance for the removal of pollutants from the environment. We also provided up-to-date information on nanobiochar’s role in environmental remediation and insights into different mechanisms involved in the pollutant removal. Although, nanobiochar application is increasing, the associated drawbacks to the soil ecosystem have not received enough research attention. Therefore, further research is warranted to evaluate the potential environmental risks of nanobiochar before large scale application. Graphical Abstract
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-10-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-017-0301-Y
Abstract: In China, intensive pig farming has led to serious environmental issues with the need to dispose off large quantities of pig manure. Chinese agriculture relies on high inputs of chemical fertilizers leading to gradual decreasing organic matter contents in many arable soils. We propose that hydrochars produced from pig manure could potentially replace chemical fertilizers and, at the same time, resolve the waste disposal problem. The hydrochars used in this study were produced from pig manure at five different pyrolysis temperatures ranging between 160 and 240 °C and three residence times (1, 5, and 8 h). All hydrochars were assessed for composition of major elements. Results showed that the yield and organic matter (OM) contents in hydrochars were 50-74% and 40-56%, respectively. The concentrations of total nitrogen (N), potassium (K
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2017.09.051
Abstract: In this study, we examined the removal of arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) by perilla leaf-derived biochars produced at 300 and 700 °C (referred as BC300 and BC700) in aqueous environments. Results revealed that the Langmuir isotherm model provided the best fit for As(III) and As(V) sorption, with the sorption affinity following the order: BC700-As(III) > BC700-As(V) > BC300-As(III) > BC300-As(V) (Q
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2018.02.134
Abstract: In the current study, we conducted a field experiment using the test plant, Brassica chinesis L. (pak choi), to investigate the effect of sugarcane bagasse-derived biochar on the bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb), and the health of soil microbiota in a contaminated soil. Biochar application significantly (P < 0.05) increased pak choi yield. Bioavailability of heavy metals to plant shoots and roots decreased with increasing biochar application rates (at 0, 1.5, 2.25 and 3.0 t ha
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMOSPHERE.2022.133891
Abstract: Soil lead (Pb) contamination is often caused by anthropogenic activities. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to assess the effect of biochars derived from pig-carcass (PCBC) and branches of oriental-plane tree (OPBC) on the bioavailability, redistribution, and phytoavailability of Pb and P, as well as the growth of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk in a Pb-contaminated soil. Application of PCBC increased the total and available P concentrations in the soil as compared to the control, and enhanced the concentrations of labile P and sparingly labile P via direct exogenous P input and improvement of soil pH. Both biochars facilitated P accumulation in plant shoots and roots. Sequential extraction of soil Pb confirmed that biochar application facilitated the transformation of mobile Pb into stable fractions, with greater effects from PCBC than OPBC. Hence, biochar application significantly decreased the soil DTPA-extractable Pb by 90.2% (PCBC) and 64.0% (OPBC) compared to the control, consequently reducing Pb uptake by plants. The Pb immobilization by biochar was driven by the biochar-induced increase of soil pH, Pb-phosphate/carbonate precipitation, ion exchange between Pb
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2022.120665
Abstract: Biochar obtained from biomass waste through pyrolysis has significant potential in wastewater treatment due to its large specific surface area and multi-functional active sites. In current study, sorghum straw (SS) was pyrolyzed to prepare various biochar under nitrogen atmosphere. Adsorption kinetics of prepared biochar toward tartrazine (TTZ) was systematically investigated, and the biochar was also characterized by using multiple techniques to explore the contribution of physicochemical properties to adsorption. Then, the biochar with optimum TTZ adsorption performance, was also applied as a catalyst for peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation to degrade TTZ. Factors including PDS concentration, solution pH, and reaction temperature were examined. The optimized degradation rate constant of TTZ (1.1627 min
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.153555
Abstract: Adsorption is the most widely adopted, effective, and reliable treatment process for the removal of inorganic and organic contaminants from wastewater. One of the major issues with the adsorption-treatment process for the removal of contaminants from wastewater streams is the recovery and sustainable management of spent adsorbents. This review focuses on the effectiveness of emerging adsorbents and how the spent adsorbents could be recovered, regenerated, and further managed through reuse or safe disposal. The critical analysis of both conventional and emerging adsorbents on organic and inorganic contaminants in wastewater systems are evaluated. The various recovery and regeneration techniques of spent adsorbents including magnetic separation, filtration, thermal desorption and decomposition, chemical desorption, supercritical fluid desorption, advanced oxidation process and microbial assisted adsorbent regeneration are discussed in detail. The current challenges for the recovery and regeneration of adsorbents and the methodologies used for solving those problems are covered. The spent adsorbents are managed through regeneration for reuse (such as soil amendment, capacitor, catalyst/catalyst support) or safe disposal involving incineration and landfilling. Sustainable management of spent adsorbents, including processes involved in the recovery and regeneration of adsorbents for reuse, is examined in the context of resource recovery and circular economy. Finally, the review ends with the current drawbacks in the recovery and management of the spent adsorbents and the future directions for the economic and environmental feasibility of the system for industrial-scale application.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2022.115519
Abstract: Globally, the valorisation of food waste into digestate through the process of anaerobic digestion is becoming increasingly popular. As a result, a large amount of food-waste digestate will need to be properly utilised. The utilisation of anaerobic digestion for fertiliser and alternative uses is essential to obtain a circular bioeconomy. The review aims to examine the environmental management of food-waste digestate, the value of digestate as a fertiliser and soil conditioner, and the emerging uses and improvements for post-anaerobic digestion reuse of digestate. Odour emissions, contaminants in food waste, emission and leaching of nutrients into the environment, and the regulations, policies, and voluntary initiatives of anaerobic digestion are evaluated in the review. Food-waste digestate can provide essential nutrients, carbon, and bio-stimulants to soils and increase yield. Recently, promising research has shown that digestates can be used in hydroponic systems and potentially replace the use of synthetic fertilisers. The integration of anaerobic digestion with emerging uses, such as extraction of value-added products, algae cultivation, biochar and hydrochar production, can further reduce inhibitory sources of digestate and provide additional economic opportunities for businesses. Moreover, the end-product digestate from these technologies can also be more suitable for use in soil application and hydroponic use.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2017.11.214
Abstract: Soil organic carbon is essential to improve soil fertility and ecosystem functioning. Soil microorganisms contribute significantly to the carbon transformation and immobilisation processes. However, microorganisms are sensitive to environmental stresses such as heavy metals. Applying amendments, such as biochar, to contaminated soils can alleviate the metal toxicity and add carbon inputs. In this study, Cd and Pb spiked soils treated with macadamia nutshell biochar (5% w/w) were monitored during a 49days incubation period. Microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) were extracted and analysed as biomarkers in order to identify the microbial community composition. Soil properties, metal bioavailability, microbial respiration, and microbial biomass carbon were measured after the incubation period. Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) was calculated from the ratio of carbon incorporated into microbial biomass to the carbon mineralised. Total PLFA concentration decreased to a greater extent in metal contaminated soils than uncontaminated soils. Microbial CUE also decreased due to metal toxicity. However, biochar addition alleviated the metal toxicity, and increased total PLFA concentration. Both microbial respiration and biomass carbon increased due to biochar application, and CUE was significantly (p<0.01) higher in biochar treated soils than untreated soils. Heavy metals reduced the microbial carbon sequestration in contaminated soils by negatively influencing the CUE. The improvement of CUE through biochar addition in the contaminated soils could be attributed to the decrease in metal bioavailability, thereby mitigating the biotoxicity to soil microorganisms.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1071/S97058
Abstract: Lucerne (Medicago sativa. L) root elongation in acid soils amended by gypsiferous coal combustion by-products was investigated in a glasshouse study. Lime, fluidised bed boiler ash (FBA), and flue gas desulfurisation gypsum (FGDG) were mixed into the surface 50 mm of either an Allophanic (the Patua sand loam) or an Ultic (the Kaawa clay loam) soil column, at rates containing calcium equivalent to 5000 kg/ha of CaCO3. Lucerne was grown on each column after it was leached with 400 mm of water. Whereas the lime treatment had no effect on root elongation in the acidic subsurface of the Patua soil, the FBA and FGDG treatments significantly improved lucerne root penetration into the subsurface soil (P 0·05). This was due to the ‘self-liming effect’ induced by sulfate adsorption. Regression analysis indicated that the molar ratio of labile monomeric aluminium and calcium in soil solution (Al : Ca) was a good indicator of the degree of root growth into subsurface soil layers (R2= 0·94). In contrast, topsoil incorporated amendments did not influence root penetration into the acidic subsurface of the Kaawa soil, which is dominated by permanently charged clay minerals. The ‘self-liming effect’ caused by gypsum application is not a sustainable practice. Lime should be applied to neutralise the topsoil acidity, when gypsum is used as subsurface soil acidity ameliorant. FBA, which contains both lime and gypsum, can meet these requirements.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1071/S97057
Abstract: Lime, fluidised bed boiler ash (FBA), and flue gas desulfurisation gypsum (FGDG) were incorporated in the top 50 mm of repacked columns of either an Allophanic (the Patua sand loam) or an Ultic (the Kaawa clay loam) soil, at rates containing calcium equivalent to 5000 kg/ha of CaCO3. Each column was leached with 400 mm of water. After leaching, the columns were sliced into sections for chemical analysis. In the columns of the variable-charged, allophanic Patua soil, topsoil-incorporated FBA ameliorated top and subsurface soil acidity through liming and the ‘self-liming effect’ induced by sulfate sorption, respectively. The soil solution pH of the top and subsurface layers of the Patua soil were raised to pH 6·40 and 5·35, respectively, by the FBA treatment, compared with pH 4·80 and 4·65, respectively, in the control treatment. Consequently, phytotoxic labile monomeric aluminium (Al) concentration in the soil solution of the FBA treatment was reduced to ·1 µM Al, compared with 8–64 µM Al in the untreated control. FGDG had a similar ‘self-liming effect’ on subsurface of the Patua soil, but not the topsoil. Whereas FBA raised the pH of the Kaawa topsoil, no ‘self-liming effect’ of subsurface soil by sulfate sorption was observed on the Kaawa subsurface soil, which is dominated by permanently charged clay minerals. Application of FBA and FGDG to both soils, however, caused significant leaching of native soil Mg2+ and K+. These nutrients were displaced from the exchange sites by the relatively high concentration of Ca2+ released from dissolution of gypsum.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2017
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-01-2021
DOI: 10.1111/GCB.15516
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-11-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-014-3820-9
Abstract: Biochar has significant potential to improve crop performance. This study examined the effect of biochar application on the photosynthesis and yield of peanut crop grown on two soil types. The commercial peanut cultivar Middleton was grown on red ferrosol and redoxi-hydrosol (Queensland, Australia) amended with a peanut shell biochar gradient (0, 0.375, 0.750, 1.50, 3.00 and 6.00%, w/w, equivalent up to 85 t ha(-1)) in a glasshouse pot experiment. Biomass and pod yield, photosynthesis-[CO2] response parameters, leaf characteristics and soil properties (carbon, nitrogen (N) and nutrients) were quantified. Biochar significantly improved peanut biomass and pod yield up to 2- and 3-folds respectively in red ferrosol and redoxi-hydrosol. A modest (but significant) biochar-induced improvement of the maximum electron transport rate and saturating photosynthetic rate was observed for red ferrosol. This response was correlated to increased leaf N and accompanied with improved soil available N and biological N fixation. Biochar application also improved the availability of other soil nutrients, which appeared critical in improving peanut performance, especially on infertile redoxi-hydrosol. Our study suggests that application of peanut shell derived biochar has strong potential to improve peanut yield on red ferrosol and redoxi-hydrosol. Biochar soil amendment can affect leaf N status and photosynthesis, but the effect varied with soil type.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 31-08-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S10653-016-9867-4
Abstract: Metal stabilization using soil amendments is an extensively applied, economically viable and environmentally friendly remediation technique. The stabilization of Pb, Zn and As in contaminated soils was evaluated using natural starfish (NSF) and calcined starfish (CSF) wastes at different application rates (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 wt%). An incubation study was conducted over 14 months, and the efficiency of stabilization for Pb, Zn and As in soil was evaluated by the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test. The TCLP-extractable Pb was reduced by 76.3-100 and 91.2-100 % in soil treated with NSF and CSF, respectively. The TCLP-extractable Zn was also reduced by 89.8-100 and 93.2-100 % in soil treated with NSF and CSF, respectively. These reductions could be associated with the increased metal adsorption and the formation of insoluble metal precipitates due to increased soil pH following application of the amendments. However, the TCLP-extractable As was increased in the soil treated with NSF, possibly due to the competitive adsorption of phosphorous. In contrast, the TCLP-extractable As in the 10 % CSF treatment was not detectable because insoluble Ca-As compounds might be formed at high pH values. Thermodynamic modeling by visual MINTEQ predicted the formation of ettringite (Ca
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2011.04.048
Abstract: The kinetics of water hyacinth decomposition using pyrolysis and hydrothermal treatment was compared. With pyrolysis, initial vaporization occurred at 453 K as determined by thermogravimetric analysis, while initial solubilisation occurred at 433 K with subcritical hydrothermal treatment. The "kinetic triplet" was determined for the ranges of 423-483 K (range I) and 473-553 K (range II) using the Coats-Redfern method for both treatments. The calculated activation energies for ranges I and II were 110 and 116 kJ/mol for conventional pyrolysis and 145 and 90 kJ/mol for hydrothermal treatment. The similar activation energies for the two temperature ranges observed for pyrolysis implied that only hemicellulose decomposition occurred. For hydrothermal treatment, both hemicellulose and cellulose decomposition occurred in temperature range II, in which a notable lower activation energy was observed. This implied hydrothermal treatment was more suitable for conversion lignocellulosic biomass under these conditions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-05-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-06-2014
DOI: 10.1038/SREP05262
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.153686
Abstract: Biochar plays an important role in controlling migration of pollutants in soils. However, little information is available on the interactions between soil-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM), biochar and soluble metal species. The aim of this work was to present the adsorption process of soil DOM by biochar (corn straw biochar produced at 700 °C) and to determine whether co-sorption of DOM would change the affinity for Pb(II). The adsorption rates of biochar and biochar + DOM for Pb(II) were best fitted with a pseudo-second order kinetic model, and the equilibrium adsorption isotherm data agreed well with both the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Adsorption of DOM to biochar reached equilibrium after 15 h with an uptake of 52% of the supplied DOM. We used fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) with parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis to demonstrate that protein-like, fulvic acid-like and humic acid-like substances were the primary constituents of the DOM, which were quenched over time in the presence of biochar. Synchronous fluorescence spectra indicated that the protein-like structures were the predominant fluorescence substances in DOM. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) showed the binding of DOM to biochar resulted in the quenching of fluorescence in the order: protein-like substances > humic-like substances (280 > 355 nm). Data supports the notion that DOM can increase the adsorption capacity of biochar for metal-ions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-01-2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-06-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-02-2023
Abstract: As a major plant‐derived soil organic carbon (SOC) component, lignin phenols are unique biomarkers that reflect biogeochemical characteristics under different vegetation compositions and climatic zones in coastal wetlands. However, the latitudinal patterns of plant‐derived lignin phenols to SOC and their link with the stability and controlling mechanisms remain poorly understood. A total of 156 soil s les from 39 sites along a 5000 km coastal transect, were taken to explore the effects of biological and environmental controls on the patterns of lignin phenols. Lignin phenols had contents ranging from 1.91 to 83.3 mg g −1 OC, and a positive correlation was detected in grass‐dominated salt marsh, but a weakly negative correlation in mangrove. Positive correlations between SOC or lignin content and C/V or S/V (the cinnamyl‐ or syringyl‐to‐vanillyl) ratios were found, while overall negative correlations between SOC or lignin content and (Ad/Al) V or (Ad/Al) S (the acid‐to‐aldehyde of vanillyl or syringyl units) ratios were detected, respectively, which confirmed the validity of these lignin biomarker degradation parameters. Our findings revealed that plant C inputs and monomer ratios directly influenced the capacity of lignin phenols in soils. Lignin content and stabilization was mainly controlled by soil properties (i.e. pH, EC sand/clay). Mean annual temperature (MAT) influenced the patterns of lignin phenols both directly by increasing decomposition and indirectly by changing the vegetation and soil biogeochemistry (i.e. microbial substrate availability). Coastal wetlands are characterized by high primary productivity and C burial rate, yet plant‐derived lignin phenols are not as much as we thought compared to microbial residues C. Precise identification and quantification of the origin, decomposition, and determinants of lignin phenols help us understand their contribution to C sequestration and its response to climate and environmental changes. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-08-2018
DOI: 10.1007/S11356-018-2895-0
Abstract: Fruit shell residue from Xanthoceras sorbifolia was investigated as a potential biosorbent to remove crude oil from aqueous solution. The shell powder and its carbonized material were compared while assessing various factors that influenced oil removal capacity. The structure and sorption mechanism were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The oil removal capacity of the raw material (75.1 mg g
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-03-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.152922
Abstract: Soil contamination with toxic metals and metalloids has become a major threat to global food security. Among various immobilization agents that can stabilize toxic metal(loid)s effectively, biochar is promising due to its ability to restore soil health. Yet the aging characteristics of biochar following its amendment in soil remain poorly explored. Therefore, this study used standard biochars to depict their aging effects on remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soil. A total of 2304 observations were made, including 6 biochar feedstocks (rice husk, soft wood, oilseed rape straw, miscanthus straw, sewage sludge and wheat straw), 2 pyrolysis temperatures (550 °C, 700 °C), 8 metal(loid)s (Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Pb), 4 aging methods (natural aging, freeze-thaw cycling, wet-dry cycling, chemical oxidation with H
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-06-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVINT.2019.105376
Abstract: Biochar can reduce the mobility and availability of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils and improve soil properties. However, immobilization efficiencies of biochar can be varied according to environmental conditions, such as pH and redox potential (E
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-05-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-01-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2022.153461
Abstract: Fast weathering of parent materials and rapid mineralization of organic matter because of prevalent climatic conditions, and subsequent development of acidity and loss/exhaustion of nutrient elements due to intensive agricultural practices have resulted in the degradation of soil fertility and productivity in the vast tropical areas of the world. There is an urgent need for rejuvenation of weathered tropical soils to improve crop productivity and sustainability. For this purpose, biochar has been found to be more effective than other organic soil amendments due to biochar's stability in soil, and thus can extend the benefits over long duration. This review synthesizes information concerning the present status of biochar application in highly weathered tropical soils highlighting promising application strategies for improving resource use efficiency in terms of economic feasibility. In this respect, biochar has been found to improve crop productivity and soil quality consistently through liming and fertilization effects in low pH and infertile soils under low-input conditions typical of weathered tropical soils. This paper identifies several advance strategies that can maximize the effectiveness of biochar application in weathered tropical soils. However, strategies for the reduction of costs of biochar production and application to increase the material's use efficiency need future development. At the same time, policy decision by linking economic benefits with social and environmental issues is necessary for successful implementation of biochar technology in weathered tropical soils. This review recommends that advanced biochar strategies hold potential for sustaining soil quality and agricultural productivity in tropical soils.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 18-08-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-08-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.07.218
Abstract: Contamination of groundwater with toxic arsenic (As) has become an emerging health and environmental problem around the world, which has seen significant attention amongst the scientists for development of new sorbents to remediate As-contaminated water. Here, we explored the arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)) sorption to natural water melon rind (WMR), xanthated WMR and citric acid-modified WMR in aqueous solutions, and determined potential of the most potent sorbent for As removal in groundwater. Xanthated WMR (X-WMR) showed relatively higher As(V) and As(III) removal than the citric acid modified WMR (CA-WMR) and natural WMR. The maximum As(III) (99%) and As(V) (98%) removal was obtained at pH 8.2 and 4.6, respectively, by X-WMR at 4 mg L
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-03-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-01-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2022.120632
Abstract: Soil acidification in managed ecosystems such as agricultural lands principally result from increased releasing of protons (H+) from the transformation reactions of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) containing compounds. The incorporation of liming materials can neutralize the protons released, hence reducing soil acidity and its adverse impacts to soil environment, food security, and human health. Biochar derived from organic residues are becoming a source of carbon input to soil and provide multifunctional values. Biochar can be alkaline in nature with the level of alkalinity dependent upon the feedstock and processing conditions. This review covers the fundamental aspects of soil acidification and of the use of biochar to address constraints related to acidic soil. Biochar are increasingly considered as an effective soil amendment for improving soil acidity owing to its liming potential, thereby enhancing soil fertility and productivity in acid soils. The ameliorant effect on acid soils is mainly because of the dissolution of carbonates, (hydro)-oxides of the ash fraction of biochar and potential use by microorganisms.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-04-2014
DOI: 10.1038/SREP04710
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-06-2013
DOI: 10.1021/ES305293H
Abstract: Although nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from composting contribute to the accelerated greenhouse effect, it is difficult to implement practical methods to mitigate these emissions. In this study, the effects of biochar amendment during pig manure composting were investigated to evaluate the inter-relationships between N2O emission and the abundance of denitrifying bacteria. Analytical results from two pilot composting treatments with (PWSB, pig manure + wood chips + sawdust + biochar) or without (PWS, pig manure + wood chips + sawdust) biochar (3% w/w) demonstrated that biochar amendment not only lowered NO2(-)-N concentrations but also lowered the total N2O emissions from pig manure composting, especially during the later stages. Quantification of functional genes involved in denitrification and Spearman rank correlations matrix revealed that the N2O emission rates correlated with the abundance of nosZ, nirK, and nirS genes. Biochar-amended pig manure had a higher pH and a lower moisture content. Biochar amendment altered the abundance of denitrifying bacteria significantly less N2O-producing and more N2O-consuming bacteria were present in the PWSB, and this significantly lowered N2O emissions in the maturation phase. Together, the results demonstrate that biochar amendment could be a novel greenhouse gas mitigation strategy during pig manure composting.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-05-2020
DOI: 10.1111/SUM.12592
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 21-01-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVINT.2018.12.049
Abstract: Globally, contamination of groundwater with toxic arsenic (As) is an environmental and public health issue given to its carcinogenic properties, thereby threatening millions of people relying on drinking As-contaminated well water. Here, we explored the efficiency of various biosorbents (egg shell, java plum seed, water chestnut shell, corn cob, tea waste and pomegranate peel) for arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)) removal from As-contaminated water. Significantly, egg shell and java plum seed displayed the greatest As(III) elimination (78-87%) at 7 pH followed by water chestnut shell (75%), corn cob (67%), tea waste (74%) and pomegranate peel (65%). In contrast, 71% and 67% of As(V) was removed at pH 4.1 and 5.3 by egg shell and java plum seed, respectively. The maximum As(V) and As(III) sorption by all the biosorbents was obtained, notably for egg shell and java plum seed, after 2 h contact time. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order models best fitted the sorption data for both forms of As. The -OH, -COOH, -NH
No related grants have been discovered for Hailong Wang.