ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6378-4119
Current Organisation
Queensland University of Technology
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing | Ecological Impacts of Climate Change | Ecological Applications | Gender Specific Studies | Gene Expression | Colloid and Surface Chemistry | Botany Not Elsewhere Classified | Other Studies in Human Society | Genetics | Genetic Development (Incl. Sex Determination) | Landscape Ecology | Physical Chemistry (Incl. Structural) | Environmental Monitoring | Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified | Atmospheric Aerosols |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Flora, Fauna and Biodiversity at Regional or Larger Scales | Environmental Health | Effects of Climate Change and Variability on Australia (excl. Social Impacts) | Atmospheric Processes and Dynamics | Gender and Sexualities | Health and Support Services not elsewhere classified | Biological sciences | Expanding Knowledge in Technology | Health Protection and/or Disaster Response
Related Links
Publications
Airborne grass pollen and thunderstorms influence emergency department asthma presentations in a subtropical climate
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Assessment of the mechanical performance of crumb rubber concrete
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
The AusPollen partnership project
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVRES.2022.113762
Abstract: Allergic rhinitis affects half a billion people globally, including a fifth of the Australian population. As the foremost outdoor allergen source, ambient grass pollen exposure is likely to be altered by climate change. The AusPollen Partnership aimed to standardize pollen monitoring and examine broad-scale biogeographical and meteorological factors influencing interannual variation in seasonality of grass pollen aerobiology in Australia. Daily airborne grass and other pollen concentrations in four eastern Australian cities separated by over 1700 km, were simultaneously monitored using Hirst-style s lers following the Australian Interim Pollen and Spore Monitoring Standard and Protocols over four seasons from 2016 to 2020. The grass seasonal pollen integral was determined. Gridded rainfall, temperature, and satellite-derived grassland sources up to 100 km from the monitoring site were analysed. The complexity of grass pollen seasons was related to latitude with multiple major summer-autumn peaks in Brisbane, major spring and minor summer peaks in Sydney and Canberra, and single major spring peaks occurring in Melbourne. The subtropical site of Brisbane showed a higher proportion of grass out of total pollen than more temperate sites. The magnitude of the grass seasonal pollen integral was correlated with pasture greenness, rainfall and number of days over 30 °C, preceding and within the season, up to 100 km radii from monitoring sites. Interannual fluctuations in Australian grass pollen season magnitude are strongly influenced by regional biogeography and both pre- and in-season weather. This first continental scale, Southern Hemisphere standardized aerobiology dataset forms the basis to track shifts in pollen seasonality, bio ersity and impacts on allergic respiratory diseases.
EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2016
DOI: 10.1111/PAI.12563
Functional immunoglobulin E cross‐reactivity between Pas n 1 of Bahia grass pollen and other group 1 grass pollen allergens
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-01-2011
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-2222.2010.03670.X
Abstract: Grass pollens are major triggers of allergic rhinitis and asthma, but the immunological relationships between pollen allergens of the subtropical Bahia grass, Paspalum notatum, and temperate grasses are unresolved. To assess serum IgE cross-reactivity between subtropical P. notatum and temperate Lolium perenne (Ryegrass) pollen allergens. Serum IgE reactivities of grass pollen-allergic patients with P. notatum, L. perenne and Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) pollen extracts and their respective purified group 1 allergens, Pas n 1, Lol p 1 and Cyn d 1, were compared by immunoblotting, ELISA and basophil activation. In a cohort of 51 patients from a temperate region, a high frequency of IgE reactivity with each grass pollen was detected, but reactivity with L. perenne pollen was substantially greater than with P. notatum and C. dactylon pollen. Similarly, serum IgE reactivity with Lol p 1 was greater than with Pas n 1 or Cyn d 1. For seven of eight sera studied in detail, asymmetric serum IgE cross-reactivity was observed L. perenne pollen inhibited IgE reactivity with P. notatum pollen but not the converse, and IgE reactivity with Pas n 1 was inhibited by Lol p 1 but IgE reactivity with Lol p 1 was not inhibited by Pas n 1 or Cyn d 1. Importantly, P. notatum pollen and Pas n 1 activated basophils in grass pollen-allergic patients from a temperate region, although stimulation was greater by pollen of L. perenne than P. notatum or C. dactylon, and by Lol p 1 than Pas n 1 or Cyn d 1. In contrast, a cohort of 47 patients from a subtropical region showed similar IgE reactivity with P. notatum and L. perenne pollen, and reciprocal cross-inhibition of IgE reactivity between L. perenne and P. notatum. Pollen allergens of the subtropical P. notatum, including Pas n 1, show clinically relevant IgE cross-reactivity with pollen allergens of L. perenne but also species-specific IgE reactivity.
Mimotopes identified by phage display for the monoclonal antibody CII- C1 to type II collagen
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-1998
Abstract: The characterization of B cell epitopes has been advanced by the use of random peptide libraries displayed within the coat protein of bacteriophage. This technique was applied to the monoclonal antibody (mAb) C1 to type II collagen (CII-C1). CII-C1 is known to react with a conformational epitope on type II collagen that includes residues 359-363. Three rounds of selection were used to screen two random nonameric phage libraries and 18 phagotopes were isolated. CII-C1 reacted by ELISA with 17 of the 18 phagotopes: one phagotope contained a stop codon. Of the eight most reactive phage, seven inhibited the reactivity by ELISA of CII-C1 with type II collagen. Of the 18 phage isolated, 11 encoded the motif F-G-x-Q with the sequence F-G-S-Q in 6, 2 encoded F-G-Q, and one the reverse motif Q-x-y-F. Most phagotopes that inhibited the reactivity of CII-C1 encoded two particular motifs consisting of two basic amino acid residues and a hydrophobic residue in the first part of the insert and the F-G-x-Q or F-G-Q motif in the second part phagotopes which contained only one basic residue in the first part of the sequence were less reactive. These motifs are not represented in the linear sequence of type II collagen and thus represent mimotopes of the epitope for CII-C1 on type II collagen. There were five phagotopes with peptide inserts containing the sequence RLPFG occurring in the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, EBNA-1. This is of interest because EBV has been implicated in the initiation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by reason of increased reactivity to EBNA-1 in RA sera. In conclusion, the phage display technique disclosed mimotopes for a conformational epitope of type II collagen, and revealed an interesting homology with a sequence of the EBNA-1 antigen from Epstein Barr virus.
Analysis of quality control outcomes of grass pollen identification and enumeration: experience matters
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-08-2021
Experimental and finite element investigation of rubberized concrete confined by FRP
Publisher: Unpublished
Date: 2013
Bahia grass pollen specific IgE is common in seasonal rhinitis patients but has limited cross-reactivity with Ryegrass
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-01-2005
DOI: 10.1111/J.1398-9995.2005.00663.X
Abstract: Perennial Ryegrass is a major cause of rhinitis in spring and early summer. Bahia grass, Paspalum notatum, flowers late into summer and could account for allergic rhinitis at this time. We determined the frequency of serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E reactivity with Bahia grass in Ryegrass pollen allergic patients and investigated IgE cross-reactivity between Bahia and Ryegrass. Serum from 33 Ryegrass pollen allergic patients and 12 nonatopic donors were tested for IgE reactivity with Bahia and Ryegrass pollen extracts (PE) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting and inhibition ELISA. Allergen-specific antibodies from a pool of sera from allergic donors were affinity purified and tested for IgE cross-reactivity. Seventy-eight per cent of the sera had IgE reactivity with Bahia grass, but more weakly than with Ryegrass. Antibodies eluted from the major Ryegrass pollen allergens, Lol p 1 and Lol p 5, showed IgE reactivity with allergens of Ryegrass and Canary but not Bahia or Bermuda grasses. Timothy, Canary and Ryegrass inhibited IgE reactivity with Ryegrass and Bahia grass, whereas Bahia, Johnson and Bermuda grass did not inhibit IgE reactivity with Ryegrass. The majority of Ryegrass allergic patients also showed serum IgE reactivity with Bahia grass PE. However, Bahia grass and Ryegrass had only limited IgE cross-reactivity indicating that Bahia grass should be considered in diagnosis and treatment of patients with hay fever late in the grass pollen season.
IgE+ B cells are scarce, but allergen-specific B cells with a memory phenotype circulate in patients with allergic rhinitis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-02-2015
DOI: 10.1111/ALL.12563
The macroecology of airborne pollen in Australian and New Zealand urban areas
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 29-05-2014
Phagotopes derived by antibody screening of phage-displayed random peptide libraries vary in immunoreactivity: Studies using an exemplary monoclonal antibody, CII-C1, to type II collagen
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-1999
DOI: 10.1046/J.1440-1711.1999.00846.X
Abstract: Antibody screening of phage-displayed random peptide libraries to identify mimotopes of conformational epitopes is promising. However, because interpretations can be difficult, an exemplary system has been used in the present study to investigate whether variation in the peptide sequences of selected phagotopes corresponded with variation in immunoreactivity. The phagotopes, derived using a well-characterized monoclonal antibody, CII-C1, to a known conformational epitope on type II collagen, C1, were tested by direct and inhibition ELISA for reactivity with CII-C1. A multiple sequence alignment algorithm, PILEUP, was used to sort the peptides expressed by the phagotopes into clusters. A model was prepared of the C1 epitope on type II collagen. The 12 selected phagotopes reacted with CII-C1 by both direct ELISA (titres from < 100-11 200) and inhibition ELISA (20-100% inhibition) the reactivity varied according to the peptide sequence and assay format. The differences in reactivity between the phagotopes were mostly in accord with the alignment, by PILEUP, of the peptide sequences. The finding that the phagotopes functionally mimicked the C1 epitope on collagen was validated in that amino acids RRL at the amino terminal of many of the peptides were topographically demonstrable on the model of the C1 epitope. Notably, one phagotope that expressed the widely ergent peptide C-IAPKRHNSA-C also mimicked the C1 epitope, as judged by reactivity in each of the assays used: these included cross-inhibition of CII-C1 reactivity with each of the other phagotopes and inhibition by a synthetic peptide corresponding to that expressed by the most frequently selected phagotope, RRLPFGSQM. Thus, it has been demonstrated that multiple phage-displayed peptides can mimic the same epitope and that observed immunoreactivity of selected phagotopes with the selecting mAb can depend on the primary sequence of the expressed peptide and also on the assay format used.
Transfer of antigen-encoding bone marrow under immune-preserving conditions deletes mature antigen-specific B cells in recipients and inhibits antigen-specific antibody production
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 21-12-2019
DOI: 10.1101/2019.12.20.885343
Abstract: Pathological activation and collaboration of T and B cells underlies pathogenic autoantibody responses. Existing treatments for autoimmune disease cause non-specific immunosuppression and induction of antigen-specific tolerance remains an elusive goal. Many immunotherapies aim to manipulate the T-cell component of T-B interplay but few directly target B cells. One possible means to specifically target B cells is the transfer of gene-engineered BM that, once engrafted, gives rise to widespread specific and tolerogenic antigen expression within the hematopoietic system. Gene-engineered bone marrow encoding ubiquitous ovalbumin expression was transferred after low-dose (300cGy) immune-preserving irradiation. B-cell responsiveness was monitored by analyzing ovalbumin-specific antibody production after immunization with ovalbumin/complete Freund’s adjuvant. Ovalbumin-specific B cells and their response to immunization were analyzed using multi-tetramer staining. When antigen-encoding bone marrow was transferred under immune-preserving conditions, cognate antigen-specific B cells were purged from the recipient’s pre-existing B cell repertoire as well as the repertoire that arose after bone marrow transfer. OVA-specific B-cell deletion was apparent within the established host B-cell repertoire as well as that developing after gene-engineered bone marrow transfer. OVA-specific antibody production was substantially inhibited by transfer of OVA-encoding BM and activation of OVA-specific B cells, germinal centre formation and subsequent OVA-specific plasmablast differentiation were all inhibited. Low levels of gene-engineered bone marrow chimerism were sufficient to limit antigen-specific antibody production. These data show that antigen-specific B cells within an established B-cell repertoire are susceptible to de novo tolerance induction and this can be achieved by transfer of gene-engineered bone marrow. This adds further dimensions to the utility of antigen-encoding bone marrow transfer as an immunotherapeutic tool.
VH gene usage in immunoglobulin E responses of seasonal rhinitis patients allergic to grass pollen is oligoclonal and antigen driven
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2004
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-2222.2004.01900.X
Abstract: IgE is the pivotal-specific effector molecule of allergic reactions yet it remains unclear whether the elevated production of IgE in atopic in iduals is due to superantigen activation of B cell populations, increased antibody class switching to IgE or oligoclonal allergen-driven IgE responses. To increase our understanding of the mechanisms driving IgE responses in allergic disease we examined immunoglobulin variable regions of IgE heavy chain transcripts from three patients with seasonal rhinitis due to grass pollen allergy. Variable domain of heavy chain-epsilon constant domain 1 cDNAs were lified from peripheral blood using a two-step semi-nested PCR, cloned and sequenced. The VH gene family usage in subject A was broadly based, but there were two clusters of sequences using genes VH 3-9 and 3-11 with unusually low levels of somatic mutations, 0-3%. Subject B repeatedly used VH 1-69 and subject C repeatedly used VH 1-02, 1-46 and 5a genes. Most clones were highly mutated being only 86-95% homologous to their germline VH gene counterparts and somatic mutations were more abundant at the complementarity determining rather than framework regions. Multiple sequence alignment revealed both repeated use of particular VH genes as well as clonal relatedness among clusters of IgE transcripts. In contrast to previous studies we observed no preferred VH gene common to IgE transcripts of the three subjects allergic to grass pollen. Moreover, most of the VH gene characteristics of the IgE transcripts were consistent with oligoclonal antigen-driven IgE responses.
An immunodiagnostic assay for quantitation of specific ige to the major pollen allergen component, pas n 1, of the subtropical bahia grass
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1159/000369341
Abstract: b i Background: /i /b Pollens of the Panicoideae subfamily of grasses including Bahia i (Paspalum notatum) /i are important allergen sources in subtropical regions of the world. An assay for specific IgE to the major molecular allergenic component, Pas n 1, of Bahia grass pollen (BaGP) would have immunodiagnostic utility for patients with pollen allergy in these regions. b i Methods: /i /b Biotinylated Pas n 1 purified from BaGP was coated onto streptavidin ImmunoCAPs. Subjects were assessed by clinical history of allergic rhinitis and skin prick test (SPT) to aeroallergens. Serum total, BaGP-specific and Pas n 1-specific IgE were measured. b i Results: /i /b Pas n 1 IgE concentrations were highly correlated with BaGP SPT (r = 0.795, p 0.0001) and BaGP IgE (r = 0.915, p 0.0001). At 0.23 kU/l Pas n 1 IgE, the diagnostic sensitivity (92.4%) and specificity (93.1%) for the detection of BaGP allergy was high (area under receiver operator curve 0.960, p 0.0001). The median concentrations of Pas n 1 IgE in non-atopic subjects (0.01 kU/l, n = 67) and those with other allergies (0.02 kU/l, n = 59) showed no inter-group difference, whilst grass pollen-allergic patients with allergic rhinitis showed elevated Pas n 1 IgE (6.71 kU/l, n = 182, p 0.0001). The inter-assay coefficient of variation for the BaGP-allergic serum pool was 6.92%. b i Conclusions: /i /b Pas n 1 IgE appears to account for most of the BaGP-specific IgE. This molecular component immunoassay for Pas n 1 IgE has potential utility to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of diagnosis of BaGP allergy for patients in subtropical regions.
Utilization of Foamed Glass as an Effective Adsorbent for Methylene Blue: Insights into Physicochemical Properties and Theoretical Treatment
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 08-02-2023
DOI: 10.3390/MA16041412
Abstract: This study reports a potential approach for the valorization of glass waste (GW) that is mainly composed of amorphous silica to prepare lightweight foamed glass (FG). The preparation of FG was achieved by mixing sodium hydroxide with GW powder followed by sintering at a temperature of 800 °C. As-synthesized FG was characterized and applied as an effective adsorbent for the removal of hazardous organic water contaminants, in particular, methylene blue (MB) dye. FG exhibited porosity of 91%, bulk density of 0.65 g/cm3, compressive strength of 4 MPa, and thermal conductivity of 0.27 W/m·K. Theoretical treatment indicated that a monolayer model with one energy site was the best in fitting the removal of MB molecules. The number of MB molecules per active site (n) ranged from 2.20 to 1.70, suggesting vertical orientation and a multi-molecular adsorption mechanism. The density of FG receptor sites (DM) increased with the temperature, and this parameter played a vital role in the adsorption process. The adsorption capacity (Qsat) increased from 255.11 to 305.58 mg/g, which signifies endothermic interactions. MB adsorption on FG was controlled by physical forces such as electrostatic interactions (i.e., the adsorption energies were kJ/mol). The results of this study prove the feasibility of glass waste as an effective and low-cost adsorbent for water remediation.
Re-educating immunity in respiratory allergies: the potential for hematopoietic stem cell-mediated gene therapy
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-11-2018
Budesonide and Formoterol Reduce Early Innate Anti-Viral Immune Responses In Vitro
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 18-11-2011
Do human rhinovirus infections and food allergy modify grass pollen-induced asthma hospital admissions in children?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
Smartphone applications for encouraging asthma self-management in adolescents: A systematic review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-01-2021
Abstract: Adolescent asthma is still a major problem with poor adherence to treatment. Globally, adolescents are devoted users of smartphone technologies and app use in asthma self-management may improve adherence. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the feasibility and efficacy of mobile technology in improving asthma outcomes in adolescents. We conducted an extensive review of the peer-review literature of studies with populations consisting of children and adolescents under 18 years in seven bibliographic databases and Google Scholar. All study designs were considered. Quality assessment of included studies were independently assessed and reported. The search identified 291 articles of the 16 eligible full-text papers, 8 met the review criteria, reporting two interventional, two qualitative and four observational studies. S les ranged from 12 to 21 participants. Heterogeneity related to study design and the methods of the included studies prevented meta-analysis. Nevertheless, the intervention studies reported a positive effect of smartphone apps on asthma control, medication adherence and self-efficacy. Smartphone apps may be an effective asthma control tool especially among adolescents who are major users of smartphones however, conclusions are limited by a lack of controlled trials and adequate s le sizes.
Immunogenetic characteristics of immunoglobulin E in allergic disease
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-02-2008
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-2222.2008.02941.X
Abstract: Patients with allergic diseases produce an excess of allergen-specific IgE, the specific effector molecule that triggers allergic reactions. The provocation for this excess IgE production is still uncertain. Current ideas include oligoclonal expansion of allergen-specific B cells emanating from germinal centres, activation by superantigen of a subset of B cells, or polyclonal B cells class switching to IgE due to an IL-4 predominance. Additionally, genetic elements contribute to a propensity for increased allergen-specific IgE production. The procedure of RT-PCR allows for lification of infrequent IgE mRNA transcripts from B cells of atopic in iduals, and so facilitates examination of expressed Ig cDNA sequences. Better knowledge of the molecular characteristics of IgE produced by patients with allergic diseases would elucidate the immunogenetic basis for elevated allergen-specific IgE levels. The 'immunogenetic footprint' of IgE transcripts may elucidate the origin and activation of IgE-producing B cells in allergic disease. Here we review studies of the immunogenetic features of IgE in allergic diseases, highlighting the major advances and the experimental limitations.
Total transcriptome, proteome, and allergome of Johnson grass pollen, which is important for allergic rhinitis in subtropical regions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Transdisciplinary synthesis for ecosystem science, policy and management: The Australian experience
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
An arthritogenic alphavirus uses the alpha1beta1 integrin collagen receptor.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2005
DOI: 10.1016/J.VIROL.2005.03.015
Abstract: Ross River (RR) virus is an alphavirus endemic to Australia and New Guinea and is the aetiological agent of epidemic polyarthritis or RR virus disease. Here we provide evidence that RR virus uses the collagen-binding alpha1beta1 integrin as a cellular receptor. Infection could be inhibited by collagen IV and antibodies specific for the beta1 and alpha1 integrin proteins, and fibroblasts from alpha1-integrin-/- mice were less efficiently infected than wild-type fibroblasts. Soluble alpha1beta1 integrin bound immobilized RR virus, and peptides representing the alpha1beta1 integrin binding-site on collagen IV inhibited virus binding to cells. We speculate that two highly conserved regions within the cell-receptor binding domain of E2 mimic collagen and provide access to cellular collagen-binding receptors.
Thunderstorm asthma: an overview of mechanisms and management strategies
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-10-2020
Outdoor pollen is a trigger of child and adolescent asthma emergency department presentations: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-03-2018
DOI: 10.1111/ALL.13407
Utilizing of Magnetized Water in Enhancing of Volcanic Concrete Characteristics
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-10-2022
DOI: 10.3390/JCS6100320
Abstract: Volcanic concrete is an eco-friendly concrete type in that it contains coarse and fine aggregates that all extracted from the igneous volcanic rock. However, utilizing of volcanic ash (VA) as partial/full replacement of concrete cement significantly affects the concrete workability, especially at high cement replacement ratios. This has also some adverse effects on concrete strength. Utilizing magnetized water (MW) in concrete as a partial/full replacement of ordinary tap water (TW) has a notable effect on enhancing the fresh and hardened concrete properties. This research aims to study the effect of using MW prepared in a magnetic field of 1.4 Tesla on the workability and hardened properties (compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths) of volcanic concrete. In this study, VA partially replaced volcanic concrete cement with ratios of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Ten volcanic concrete mixes were prepared in two groups. The first one was prepared with VA (0–20%) and mixed with TW. The other group was prepared with the same VA contents like group one, but mixed with MW. Microstructure imaging for volcanic concrete was also conducted in this study. Results of water tests showed 17% and 15% increase in total dissolved solids (TDS) and pH, respectively, of MW compared with those of TW. In addition, the water magnetization decreased the water surface tension by 7% compared with that of TW. Results of hardened concrete tests showed that the best ratio of VA in volcanic concrete was 5% with and without using magnetized water. The volcanic concrete slump decreased when using TW however, using MW enhanced the volcanic concrete slump by up to 8%. The compressive strength was improved by 35%, 23%, and 20% at 7 days, 28 days, and 120 days, respectively, with no VA and with the presence of MW. The compressive strength was improved by 11%, 12%, and 11% after 7 days, 28 days, and 120 days, respectively, with using 5% VA and with the presence of MW. Both splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of volcanic concrete with and without VA or MW behaved similar to that of the corresponding compressive strength.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of asthma emergency department presentations in diverse geographical and climatic regions, Queensland, Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-11-2021
Abstract: Sudden acute episodes of asthma exacerbation are often treated by hospital EDs. It is hypothesised that determinants of acute asthma would differ across geographic regions. The objective of the present study was to detail seasonality, trends and spatiotemporal patterns of asthma ED presentations across Queensland (QLD), Australia, a state covering 1.8 million square kilometres, spanning multiple climates. Six years of routinely collected data (2012 to 2017) from 28 major QLD public hospitals were extracted from Queensland Health's Emergency Data Collection. The dataset contained in idual, episode‐level asthma‐like diagnoses of ED presentations. Seasonality and trends of acute asthma were assessed through multiplicative time‐series analysis. The study consisted of 2192 days with a total of 65 012 asthma ED presentations in QLD. The 6‐year average daily incidence rate was 270 asthma ED presentations per 100 000 population. The highest morbidity of asthma ED presentations occurred during the southern hemisphere winter months. Children showed a higher incidence rate compared to adults with males experiencing a higher incidence compared to females up until the age of 13, after which an inversion was observed persisting through adulthood. Seasonality of asthma ED presentations differed with latitude across QLD. Asthma‐related ED presentations exhibit spatiotemporal variation across QLD, which appears to be related to climate. Furthermore, aeroallergens and respiratory viruses may be responsible for asthma ED peaks outside the winter period. Socioeconomic status may influence asthma ED presentation rates between regions. This knowledge can guide ongoing management and assist public health policy response.
KAT6A Syndrome: genotype-phenotype correlation in 76 patients with pathogenic KAT6A variants.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Metabarcoding airborne pollen from subtropical and temperate eastern Australia over multiple years reveals pollen aerobiome diversity and complexity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Altered immunoglobulin e diversity and regulation of allergic inflammation in asthma
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-03-2009
The enigma of IgE+ B-cell memory in human subjects
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.JACI.2012.12.1569
Abstract: Our understanding of the origin and fate of the IgE-switched B cell has been markedly improved by studies in mouse models. The immediate precursor of the IgE-switched B cell is either a relatively naive nonswitched B cell or a mature IgG-switched B cell. These 2 routes are referred to as the direct and indirect pathways, respectively. IgE responses derived from each pathway differ significantly, largely reflecting the difference in time spent in a germinal center and thus time for clonal expansion, somatic hypermutation, affinity maturation, and acquisition of a memory phenotype. The clinical and therapeutic implications for IgE responses in human subjects are still a matter of debate, largely because the immunization procedures used in the animal models are significantly different from classical atopic sensitization to allergens from pollen and mites. On the basis of the limited information available, it seems likely that these atopic IgE responses are characterized by a relatively low IgG/IgE ratio, low B-cell memory, and modest affinity maturation, which fits well with the direct switching pathway. It is still unresolved how the IgE response evolves to cover a wide epitope repertoire involving many epitopes per allergen, as well as many different allergens from a single allergen source.
An experimental investigation of crumb rubber concrete confined by fibre reinforced polymer tubes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Adaptive immunity to rhinoviruses: sex and age matter
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2010
Abstract: Rhinoviruses (RV) are key triggers in acute asthma exacerbations. Previous studies suggest that men suffer from infectious diseases more frequently and with greater severity than women. Additionally, the immune response to most infections and vaccinations decreases with age. Most immune function studies do not account for such differences, therefore the aim of this study was to determine if the immune response to rhinovirus varies with sex or age. Blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 63 healthy in iduals and grouped by sex and age (≤50 years old and ≥52 years old). Cells were cultured with rhinovirus 16 at a multiplicity of infection of 1. The chemokine IP-10 was measured at 24 h as an index of innate immunity while IFNγ and IL-13 were measured at 5 days as an index of adaptive immunity. Rhinovirus induced IFNγ and IL-13 was significantly higher in ≤50 year old women than in age matched men (p 0.02 and p 0.05) and ≥52 year old women (p 0.02 and p 0.005). There was no sex or age based difference in rhinovirus induced IP-10 expression. Both IFNγ and IL-13 were negatively correlated with age in women but not in men. This study suggests that pre-menopausal women have a stronger adaptive immune response to rhinovirus infection than men and older people, though the mechanisms responsible for these differences remain to be determined. Our findings highlight the importance of gender and age balance in clinical studies and in the development of new treatments and vaccines.
Mimicry of a 21.5 kDa myelin basic protein peptide by a Maedi Visna virus polymerase peptide does not contribute to the pathogenesis of encephalitis in sheep
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1996
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2427(96)05619-X
Abstract: Epitope mimicry is the theory that an infectious agent such as a virus causes pathological effects via mimicry of host proteins and thus elicits a cross-reactive immune response to host tissues. Weise and Carnegie (1988) found a region of sequence similarity between the pol gene of the Maedi Visna virus (MVV), which induces demyelinating encephalitis in sheep, and myelin basic protein (MBP), which is known to induce experimental allergic encephalitis (EAE) in laboratory animals. In this study, cross-reactions between sera raised in sheep against synthetic peptides of MVV (TGKIPWILLPGR) and 21.5 kDa MBP (SGKVPWLKPGR) were demonstrated using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) immunoprobing. The antibody responses of MVV-infected sheep were investigated using ELISA against the peptides, and MBP protein, immunoprobing of the peptides on TLC plates and Western blotting against MBP. Slight significant reactions to the 21.5 kDa MBP peptide (P < 0.001) and to a lesser extent sheep MBP (P < 0.004) were detected in ELISA. The MBP peptide evoked stronger responses from more sera than the MVV peptide on immunoprobed TLC plates. On the Western blots, eight of the 23 sheep with Visna had serum reactivity to MBP. This slight reaction to MBP in MVV-infected sheep is of interest because of the immune responses to MBP evident in multiple sclerosis and EAE, but its relevance in Visna is limited since no correlation with disease severity was observed. The cell-mediated immune responses of MVV-infected sheep against similar peptides was assessed. The peptides did not stimulate proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes of MVV-infected sheep. Since the MVV peptide was not recognised by antibodies or T lymphocytes from MVV-infected and encephalic sheep, it was concluded that epitope mimicry of this 21.5 kDa MBP peptide by the similar MVV pol peptide was not contributing to the immunopathogensis of Visna. The slight antibody response to MBP and the MBP peptide can be attributed to by-stander effects of the immunopathology of MVV-induced encephalitis.
A comparative study of antibody expressions in primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune cholangitis using phage display
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2001
Abstract: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and autoimmune cholangitis (AIC) are serologic expressions of an autoimmune liver disease affecting biliary ductular cells. Previously we screened a phage-displayed random peptide library with polyclonal IgG from 2 Australian patients with PBC and derived peptides that identified a single conformational (discontinuous) epitope in the inner lipoyl domain of the E2 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC-E2), the characteristic autoantigen in PBC. Here we have used phage display to investigate the reactivity of PBC sera from 2 ethnically and geographically distinct populations, Japanese and Australian, and the 2 serologic expressions, PBC and AIC. Random 7-mer and 12-mer peptide libraries were biopanned with IgG from 3 Japanese patients with PBC and 3 with AIC who did not have anti-PDC-E2. The phage clones (phagotopes) obtained were tested by capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for reactivity with affinity-purified anti-PDC-E2, and compared with those obtained from Australian patients with PBC. Peptide sequences of the derived phagotopes and sequences derived by biopanning with irrelevant antisera were aligned to develop a guide tree based on physicochemical similarity. Both Australian and Japanese PBC-derived phagotopes were distributed in branches of the guide tree that contained the peptide sequences MH and FV previously identified as part of an immunodominant conformational epitope of PDC-E2, indicating that epitope selection was not influenced by the racial origin of the PBC sera. Biopanning with either PBC or AIC-derived IgG yielded phagotopes that reacted with anti-PDC-E2 by capture ELISA, further establishing that there is a similar autoimmune targeting in PBC and AIC.
Grass pollen as a trigger of emergency department presentations and hospital admissions for respiratory conditions in the subtropics: A systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Structural behaviour of composite panels made of profiled steel sheets and foam rubberised concrete under monotonic and cyclic shearing loads
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Compound impacts of climate change, urbanization and biodiversity loss on allergic disease.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 13-10-2022
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/DYAC197
Multiple alignment and sorting of peptides derived from phage-displayed random peptide libraries with polyclonal sera allows discrimination of relevant phagotopes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1999
DOI: 10.1016/S0161-5890(99)00068-1
Abstract: Biopanning of phage-displayed random peptide libraries is a powerful technique for identifying peptides that mimic epitopes (mimotopes) for monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). However, peptides derived using polyclonal antisera may represent epitopes for a erse range of antibodies. Hence following screening of phage libraries with polyclonal antisera, including autoimmune disease sera, a procedure is required to distinguish relevant from irrelevant phagotopes. We therefore applied the multiple sequence alignment algorithm PILEUP together with a matrix for scoring amino acid substitutions based on physicochemical properties to generate guide trees depicting relatedness of selected peptides. A random heptapeptide library was biopanned nine times using no selecting antibodies, immunoglobulin G (IgG) from sera of subjects with autoimmune diseases (primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and type 1 diabetes) and three murine ascites fluids that contained mAbs to overlapping epitope(s) on the Ross River Virus envelope protein 2. Peptides randomly s led from the library were distributed throughout the guide tree of the total set of peptides whilst many of the peptides derived in the absence of selecting antibody aligned to a single cluster. Moreover peptides selected by different sources of IgG aligned to separate clusters, each with a different amino acid motif. These alignments were validated by testing all of the 53 phagotopes derived using IgG from PBC sera for reactivity by capture ELISA with antibodies affinity purified on the E2 subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC-E2), the major autoantigen in PBC: only those phagotopes that aligned to PBC-associated clusters were reactive. Hence the multiple sequence alignment procedure discriminates relevant from irrelevant phagotopes and thus a major difficulty with biopanning phage-displayed random peptide libraries with polyclonal antibodies is surmounted.
Characterization of epitopes for virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to Ross River virus E2 using phage-displayed random peptide libraries
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2000
Transfer of antigen-encoding bone marrow under immune-preserving conditions deletes mature antigen-specific B cells in recipients and inhibits antigen-specific antibody production
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
Induction of a Th1 immune response and suppression of IgE via immunotherapy with a recombinant hybrid molecule encapsulated in liposome–protamine–DNA nanoparticles in a model of experimental allergy
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-05-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S12026-015-8659-8
Abstract: Liposome-protamine-DNA nanoparticles (LPD) are safe, effective, and non-toxic adjuvants that induce Th1-like immune responses. We hypothesized that encapsulation of allergens into liposomes could be an appropriate option for immunotherapy. The present study evaluated the immunotherapeutic potential of a recombinant hybrid molecule (rHM) encapsulated in LPD nanoparticles in a murine model of Chenopodium album allergy. BALB/c mice were sensitized with the allergen in alum, and the immunotherapy procedure was performed by subcutaneous injections of LPD-rHM, rHM, or empty LPD at weekly intervals. Sensitized mice developed a Th2-biased immune response characterized by strong specific IgG1 and IgE production, IL-4, and the transcription factor GATA3 in spleen cell cultures. Treatment with the LPD-rHM resulted in a reduction in IgE and a marked increase in IgG2a. The LPD-rHM induced allergen-specific responses with relatively high interferon-gamma production, as well as expression of the transcription factor T-bet in stimulated splenocytes. In addition, lymphoproliferative responses were higher in the LPD-rHM-treated mice than in the other groups. Removal of the nanoparticles from the rHM resulted in a decrease in the allergen's immunogenicity. These results indicate that the rHM complexed with LPD nanoparticles has a marked suppressive effect on the allergic response and caused a shift toward a Th1 pathway.
The effects of Air Pollution on asthma Hospital admissions in Adelaide, South Australia, 2003–2013: time series and case-crossover analysis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-11-2016
DOI: 10.1111/CEA.12847
Unique and cross-reactive T cell epitope peptides of the major bahia grass pollen allergen, pas n 1
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1159/000338290
Abstract: b i Background: /i /b Bahia grass pollen (BaGP) is a major cause of allergic rhinitis. Subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy is effective for grass pollen allergy, but is unsuitable for patients with moderate to severe asthma due to the risk of anaphylaxis. T cell-reactive but IgE nonreactive peptides provide a safer treatment option. This study aimed to identify and characterize dominant CD4 sup + /sup T cell epitope peptides of the major BaGP allergen, Pas n 1. b i Methods: /i /b Pas n 1-specific T cell lines generated from the peripheral blood of BaGP-allergic subjects were tested for proliferative and cytokine response to overlapping 20-mer Pas n 1 peptides. Cross-reactivity to homologous peptides from Lol p 1 and Cyn d 1 of Ryegrass and Bermuda grass pollen, respectively, was assessed using Pas n 1 peptide-specific T cell clones. MHC class II restriction of Pas n 1 peptide T cell recognition was determined by HLA blocking assays and peptide IgE reactivity tested by dot blotting. b i Results: /i /b Three Pas n 1 peptides showed dominant T cell reactivity 15 of 18 (83%) patients responded to one or more of these peptides. T cell clones specific for dominant Pas n 1 peptides showed evidence of species-specific T cell reactivity as well as cross-reactivity with other group 1 grass pollen allergens. The dominant Pas n 1 T cell epitope peptides showed HLA binding ersity and were non-IgE reactive. b i Conclusions: /i /b The immunodominant T cell-reactive Pas n 1 peptides are candidates for safe immunotherapy for in iduals, including those with asthma, who are allergic to Bahia and possibly other grass pollens.
Mimicry between HTLV-I and myelin basic protein: no response in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy patients
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1992
DOI: 10.1016/0165-5728(92)90075-V
Abstract: The reactivity to a peptide from the HTLV-I polyprotein (FKLPGLNSR) and a similar sequence from myelin basic protein (MBP) (FKLGGRDSR) was examined in relation to the proposal that mimicry of MBP by HTLV-I could be involved in autoimmune responses in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM). It was found that rabbit antibodies raised against the HTLV-I peptide recognised both peptides, with a titre of 1/10240 to the HTLV-I peptide and 1/5220 to the MBP peptide. Human sera from HAM patients and a HTLV-I carrier without HAM showed slightly higher responses to the HTLV-I peptide compared to the responses from uninfected human sera. HAM patients had greater responses to the HTLV-I peptide than to the similar MBP peptide and an unrelated bovine MBP peptide. There was no recognition of the peptides by peripheral blood lymphocytes from HAM patients or a HTLV-I carrier without HAM. It was concluded that although cross-reactivity was demonstrated in rabbits and the HTLV-I peptide was recognised by sera from HAM patients, the epitope does not appear to evoke a mimicking response to the similar region in MBP. Hence it is not likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of HAM through molecular mimicry.
Clinical factors associated with the humoral immune response to influenza vaccination in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.2147/COPD.S53590
Geopolymer Concrete with Lightweight Fine Aggregate: Material Performance and Structural Application
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-12-2022
Abstract: Limited information and data are available on the material and structural performance of GC incorporating lightweight fine aggregate. In this research, three types of lightweight fine materials were utilized to partially replace sand volume of GC. These lightweight materials were rubber, vermiculite, or lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA) and they were used in contents of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%. The variables were applied to better investigate the efficiency of each lightweight material in GC and to recommend GC mixes for structural applications. The concrete workability, compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, freezing and thawing performance, and impact resistance were measured in this study. In addition, three reinforced concrete slabs were made from selected mixes with similar compressive strength of 32 MPa and then tested under a 4-point bending loading regime. The results showed that using LECA as sand replacement in GC increased its compressive strength at all ages and all replacement ratios. Compared with the control GC mix, using 60% LECA increased the compressive strength by up to 44%, 39%, and 27%, respectively at 3, 7, and 28 days. The slabs test showed that partial or full replacement of GC sand adversely affected the shear resistance of concrete and caused premature failure of slabs. The slab strength and deflection capacities decreased by 9% and 30%, respectively when using rubber, and by 23% and 59%, respectively when using LECA, compared with control GC slab. The results indicated the applicability of GC mix with 60% LECA in structures subjected to axial loads. However, rubber would be the best lightweight material to recommend for resisting impact and flexural loads.
Trans-disciplinary research in synthesis of grass pollen aerobiology and its importance for respiratory health in Australasia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Chopped Basalt Fiber-Reinforced High-Performance Concrete: An Experimental and Analytical Study
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 15-06-2023
DOI: 10.3390/JCS7060250
Abstract: Basalt fiber (BF) is an environmentally friendly type of fiber that has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years due to its excellent performance in concrete constructions. This current research was conducted to investigate the effect of chopped basalt fiber on the workability, compressive strength, and impact resistance of high-performance concrete (HPC). Three various lengths (3, 12, and 18 mm) and six volume fractions (0%, 0.075%, 0.15%, 0.3%, 0.45%, and 0.6% by concrete volume) of BF were used in producing sixteen HPC mixes. HPC compressive strength and impact resistance were measured for each mix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was also conducted on selected mixes to closely investigate the effects of the applied variables through the microstructural scale. An empirical model was developed to study the relationship between the impact energy and compressive strength of BF-reinforced HPC. The results show that adding BF improves the compressive strength and impact resistance. Compared with the control concrete, the compressive strength of the HPC reinforced with 3 mm, 12 mm, and 18 mm BF increased by 12.2%, 15.1%, and 17.5%, respectively. The impact resistance increased with a dosage of 8 kg/m3 for all lengths of BF. The SEM observations revealed that the BF accumulated in pores and on the surface of the attached cement which improved the microstructure of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ), which further enhanced the strength and ductility of the HPC.
Grass pollen allergens globally: The contribution of subtropical grasses to burden of allergic respiratory diseases
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-05-2014
DOI: 10.1111/CEA.12317
Abstract: Grass pollens of the temperate (Pooideae) subfamily and subtropical subfamilies of grasses are major aeroallergen sources worldwide. The subtropical Chloridoideae (e.g. Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass) and Panicoideae (e.g. Paspalum notatum Bahia grass) species are abundant in parts of Africa, India, Asia, Australia and the Americas, where a large and increasing proportion of the world's population abide. These grasses are phylogenetically and ecologically distinct from temperate grasses. With the advent of global warming, it is conceivable that the geographic distribution of subtropical grasses and the contribution of their pollen to the burden of allergic rhinitis and asthma will increase. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the current global knowledge of (i) regional variation in allergic sensitivity to subtropical grass pollens, (ii) molecular allergenic components of subtropical grass pollens and (iii) allergic responses to subtropical grass pollen allergens in relevant populations. Patients from subtropical regions of the world show higher allergic sensitivity to grass pollens of Chloridoideae and Panicoideae grasses, than to temperate grass pollens. The group 1 allergens are amongst the allergen components of subtropical grass pollens, but the group 5 allergens, by which temperate grass pollen extracts are standardized for allergen content, appear to be absent from both subfamilies of subtropical grasses. Whilst there are shared allergenic components and antigenic determinants, there are additional clinically relevant subfamily-specific differences, at T- and B-cell levels, between pollen allergens of subtropical and temperate grasses. Differential immune recognition of subtropical grass pollens is likely to impact upon the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy of patients who are primarily sensitized to subtropical grass pollens. The literature reviewed herein highlights the clinical need to standardize allergen preparations for both types of subtropical grass pollens to achieve optimal diagnosis and treatment of patients with allergic respiratory disease in subtropical regions of the world.
Push-off and Pull-out Bond Behaviour of CRC Composite Slabs – An Experimental Investigation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
An Investigation of the Mechanical and Physical Characteristics of Cement Paste Incorporating Different Air Entraining Agents using X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-01-2020
Abstract: Improving the thermal insulation properties of cement-based materials is the key to reducing energy loss and consumption in buildings. Lightweight cement-based composites can be used efficiently for this purpose, as a structural material with load bearing ability or as a non-structural one for thermal insulation. In this research, lightweight cement pastes containing fly ash and cement were prepared and tested. In these mixes, three different techniques for producing air voids inside the cement paste were used through the incorporation of aluminum powder (AL), air entraining agent (AA), and hollow microspheres (AS). Several experiments were carried out in order to examine the structural and physical characteristics of the cement composites, including dry density, compressive strength, porosity and absorption. A Hot Disk device was used to evaluate the thermal conductivity of different cement composites. In addition, X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was adopted to investigate the microstructure of the air-entrained cement pastes and the spatial distribution of the voids inside pastes without destroying the specimens. The experimental results obtained showed that AS specimens with admixture of hollow microspheres can improve the compressive strength of cement composites compared to other air entraining admixtures at the same density level. It was also confirmed that the incorporation of aluminum powder creates large voids, which have a negative effect on specimens’ strength and absorption.
EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2023
DOI: 10.1111/PAI.13854
Abstract: Since the discovery of immunoglobulin E (IgE) as a mediator of allergic diseases in 1967, our knowledge about the immunological mechanisms of IgE‐mediated allergies has remarkably increased. In addition to understanding the immune response and clinical symptoms, allergy diagnosis and management depend strongly on the precise identification of the elicitors of the IgE‐mediated allergic reaction. In the past four decades, innovations in bioscience and technology have facilitated the identification and production of well‐defined, highly pure molecules for component‐resolved diagnosis (CRD), allowing a personalized diagnosis and management of the allergic disease for in idual patients. The first edition of the “EAACI Molecular Allergology User's Guide” (MAUG) in 2016 rapidly became a key reference for clinicians, scientists, and interested readers with a background in allergology, immunology, biology, and medicine. Nevertheless, the field of molecular allergology is moving fast, and after 6 years, a new EAACI Taskforce was established to provide an updated document. The Molecular Allergology User's Guide 2.0 summarizes state‐of‐the‐art information on allergen molecules, their clinical relevance, and their application in diagnostic algorithms for clinical practice. It is designed for both, clinicians and scientists, guiding health care professionals through the overwhelming list of different allergen molecules available for testing. Further, it provides diagnostic algorithms on the clinical relevance of allergenic molecules and gives an overview of their biology, the basic mechanisms of test formats, and the application of tests to measure allergen exposure.
Regional and seasonal variation in airborne grass pollen levels between cities of Australia and New Zealand
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-07-2016
Enhanced cell-binding by allergen multimers: How complex is it
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-2013
DOI: 10.1038/ICB.2013.5
Evaluation of the performance of short-term curated daily airborne grass pollen forecasts in diverse biogeographical regions during the AusPollen Partnership project 2016–2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Antibody reactivity to the transmembrane protein of the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus correlates with severity of arthritis: No evidence for the involvement of epitope mimicry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-1997
DOI: 10.1016/S0165-2427(97)00095-0
Abstract: Serum and synovial antibody reactivities of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) infected goats were assessed by Western blotting against purified CAEV antigen and the greatest intensity of reactivity in the serum of arthritic goats was to the gp45 transmembrane protein (TM). The extracytoplasmic domain of the TM gene was cloned into a pGEX vector and expressed in Escherichia coli as a glutathione S transferase fusion protein (GST-TM). This clone was found to be 90.5 and 89.2% homologous to published sequences of CAEV TM gene. Serum of 16 goats naturally infected with CAEV were examined by Western blotting for reactivity to the fusion protein. Antibody reactivity to the GST-TM correlated with clinically detectable arthritis (R = 0.642, P < or = 0.007). The hypothesis that the immune response to the envelope proteins of the CAEV contributes to the severity of arthritis in goats naturally infected with CAEV via epitope mimicry was tested. Antibodies from 5 CAEV infected goats were affinity purified against the GST-TM fusion protein and tested for cross-reactivity with a series of goat synovial extracts and proteogylcans. No serum antibody response or cross-reactivity of affinity purified antibodies could be detected. Peptides of the CAEV SU that were predicted to be linear epitopes and a similar heat shock protein 83 (HSP) peptide identified by database searching, were synthesized and tested for reactivity in CAEV goats using ELISA, in vitro lymphocyte proliferation and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) assays. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from 10 of 17 goats with long term natural CAEV infections proliferated in vitro in response to CAEV and in vivo 3 of 7 CAEV infected goats had a DTH reaction to CAEV antigen. However, none of the peptides elicited significant cell mediated immune responses from CAEV infected goats. No antibody reactivity to the SU peptides or HSP peptide was found. We observed that the antibody reactivity to the CAEV TM protein associated with severity of arthritis however epitope mimicry by the envelope proteins of CAEV is unlikely to be involved.
Keeping Allergen Names Clear and Defined
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 19-11-2019
Community Response to the Impact of Thunderstorm Asthma Using Smart Technology
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1177/21526567211010728
Abstract: The most severe thunderstorm asthma (TA) event occurred in Melbourne on the 21st November 2016 and during this period, daily pollen information was available and accessible on smart devices via an App. An integrated survey within the App allows users to self-report symptoms. To explore patterns of symptom survey results during the period when the TA event occurred. Symptom data from the Melbourne Pollen Count and Forecast App related to asthma history, hay fever symptoms, and medication use was explored. A one-week control period before and after the event was considered. Chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to assess associations between sex, age, symptoms, and medication use. Of the 28,655 responses, during the 2016 pollen season, younger (18 to 40 years) males, with no hay fever and no asthma were the most single and regular responders. During the TA event for new users, sex was only significantly associated with hay fever ( p = 0.008) of which 60.2% of females’ responses reported having hay fever, while 43% of males’ responses did not. Those with mild symptoms peaked during the TA event. Many in iduals completed the survey on the app for the first time during the TA event indicating the potential of digital technologies to be used as indicators of health risk among populations at risk of TA events.
Differences in grass pollen allergen exposure across Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
A novel grass pollen allergen mimotope identified by phage display peptide library inhibits allergen-human IgE antibody interaction
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-07-2001
DOI: 10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02661-8
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular basis of human IgE-allergen interaction by screening a phage-displayed peptide library with an allergen-specific human IgE-mimicking monoclonal antibody (mAb). A mAb that reacted with major grass pollen allergens was successfully identified and shown to inhibit human IgE-allergen interaction. Biopanning of a phage-displayed random peptide library with this mAb yielded a 12 amino acid long mimotope. A synthetic peptide based on this 12-mer mimotope inhibited mAb and human IgE binding to grass pollen extracts. Our results indicate that such synthetic peptide mimotopes of allergens have potential as novel therapeutic agents.
Immunoglobulin E‐specific allergens against leaf in serum of dogs with clinical features of grass leaf allergy
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-05-2023
DOI: 10.1111/VDE.13166
Abstract: Grass leaf has been suspected of causing immunoglobulin (Ig)E‐mediated immediate hypersensitivity reactions in humans and dogs. However, most studies in this area are case‐control studies without in vitro data showing the involvement of IgE in the reaction. Laboratory studies have demonstrated the reactivity to a 50–55 kDa protein with clinical signs immediately after contact with grass leaf material. The clinical findings of dogs with atopic‐like dermatitis immediately after contact with grass leaf material suggest the involvement of grass leaves as the allergen source. This study was designed to test the IgE‐reactivity of grass leaf proteins in dogs with clinical signs and positive scratch test results against grass leaf material. The serum of 41 patients with a history of allergy and suspected to grass leaf material was immunoblotted against grass leaf extracts from five suspected grass species. The IgE‐positive blots were separated with 2D gel electrophoresis and analysed with mass spectrometry (MS). Commercially supplied proteins were used to validate immunoblot activity. The serum of 25 dogs diagnosed with grass dermatitis had positive IgE‐specific immunoblot against one or more grass leaf extracts. The MS data indicated a reactive band at 55 kDa to be beta‐amylase or RuBisCO (ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) large subunit (RbLS). All tested dog sera showed IgE‐reactivity with beta‐amylase and some with RbLS. Canines with clinical signs of grass‐related dermatitis had IgE‐reactivity against grass leaf proteins. Serum IgE‐reactivity to beta‐amylase and RuBisCO large subunit may indicate that these proteins act as allergens, possibly causing pruritus and skin lesions.
Global Climate Change and Pollen Aeroallergens: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
The Melbourne epidemic thunderstorm asthma event 2016: an investigation of environmental triggers, effect on health services, and patient risk factors
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Molecular cloning, expression and immunological characterisation of Pas n 1, the major allergen of Bahia grass Paspalum notatum pollen
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.MOLIMM.2008.08.267
Abstract: Bahia grass, Paspalum notatum, is a clinically important subtropical grass with a prolonged pollination season from spring to autumn. We aimed to clone and characterise the major Bahia grass pollen allergen, Pas n 1. Grass pollen-allergic patients presenting to a tertiary hospital allergy clinic were tested for IgE reactivity with Bahia grass pollen extract by skin prick testing, ImmunoCAP, ELISA and immunoblotting. Using primers deduced from the N-terminal peptide sequence of a group 1 allergen of Bahia grass pollen extract separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, the complete Pas n 1 cDNA was obtained by rapid lification of cDNA ends and cloned. Biological relevance of recombinant Pas n 1 expressed in Escherichia coli was assessed by serum IgE reactivity and basophil activation. Twenty-nine of 34 (85%) consecutive patients presenting with grass pollen allergy were skin prick test positive to Bahia grass pollen. The Pas n 1 cDNA has sequence homology with the beta-expansin 1 glycoprotein family and is more closely related to the maize pollen group 1 allergen (85% identity) than to ryegrass Lol p 1 or Timothy grass Phl p 1 (64 and 66% identity, respectively). rPas n 1 reacted with serum IgE in 47 of 55 (85%) Bahia grass pollen-allergic patients, activated basophils and inhibited serum IgE reactivity with the 29 kDa band of Bahia grass pollen extract. In conclusion the cDNA for the major group 1 allergen of the subtropical Bahia grass pollen, Pas n 1, was identified and cloned. rPas n 1 is immunologically active and is a valuable reagent for diagnosis and specific immunotherapy of grass pollen allergy.
Satellite-observed shifts in C3/C4 abundance in Australian grasslands are associated with rainfall patterns
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
Characteristics of emergency patients admitted to hospital with asthma: A population-based cohort study in Queensland, Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-05-2021
Abstract: Patient characteristics with exacerbation of asthma accessing care in the ED who are at risk of hospital admission have not been determined in subtropical climates. The objective of the study was to investigate the spatiotemporal burden of asthma hospital admissions across Queensland (QLD) and model risk factors for asthma hospital admission following an ED visit. Six years of routinely collected data (2012–2017) from 28 QLD public hospitals were extracted from Queensland Health's Emergency Data Collection. The dataset contained in idual, episode‐level ED presentations having asthma‐like diagnoses, and an indicator of hospital admission, including to short‐stay unit (SSU). A generalised additive model was used to examine the risk of asthma hospital admission. Asthma hospital admissions increased from a weekly median of 79 (interquartile range [IQR] 66–99) in 2012 to 104 (IQR 81–135) in 2017. A higher incidence of asthma hospital admission was observed among males (median age 9, IQR 5–32) in childhood and females in adulthood (median age 32, IQR 11–51). Compared to the state capital Brisbane, the odds of asthma hospital admission ranged from 0.48 (95% CI 0.42–0.54) to 1.34 (95%CI 1.21–1.48) in other regions of QLD. Asthma hospital admissions appear to be increasing in QLD, largely driven by utilisation of the SSU admissions for asthma. With large variation in both incidence and proportion admitted across different regions, routinely collected data can in part be used to understand risk factors for asthma‐related hospital admission following an ED presentation and further inform public health policy development.
Evaluation of Immune Responses to Influenza Vaccination in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Publisher: OMICS Publishing Group
Date: 2012
Tetramer-based identification of naïve antigen-specific B cells within a polyclonal repertoire
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-04-2018
Asia Pacific Association of Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology White Paper 2020 on climate change, air pollution, and biodiversity in Asia-Pacific and impact on allergic diseases
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 2020
Purification of the major group 1 allergen from bahia grass pollen, Pas n 1
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 20-10-2011
DOI: 10.1159/000321821
Abstract: i Background: /i Group 1 grass pollen allergens are glycoproteins of the β-expansin family. They are a predominant component of pollen and are potent allergens with a high frequency of serum IgE reactivity in grass pollen-allergic patients. Bahia grass is distinct from temperate grasses and has a prolonged pollination period and wide distribution in warmer climates. Here we describe the purification of the group 1 pollen allergen, Pas n 1, from Bahia grass i (Paspalum notatum) /i , an important subtropical aeroallergen source. i Methods: /i Pas n 1 was purified from an aqueous Bahia grass pollen extract by ammonium sulphate precipitation, hydrophobic interaction and size exclusion chromatography, and assessed by one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting and ELISA. i Results: /i Pas n 1 was purified to a single 29-kDa protein band containing two dominant isoforms detected by an allergen-specific monoclonal antibody and serum IgE of a Bahia grass pollen-allergic donor. The frequency of serum IgE reactivity with purified Pas n 1 in 51 Bahia grass pollen-allergic patients was 90.6%. Serum IgE reactivity with purified Pas n 1 was highly correlated with serum IgE reactivity with Bahia grass pollen extract and recombinant Pas n 1 (r = 0.821 and 0.913, respectively). i Conclusions: /i Pas n 1 is a major allergen reactive at high frequency with serum IgE of Bahia grass pollen-allergic patients. Purified natural Pas n 1 has utility for improved specific diagnosis and immunotherapy for Bahia grass pollen allergy.
The dominant 55kDa allergen of the subtropical Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum) pollen is a group 13 pollen allergen, Pas n 13
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.MOLIMM.2010.12.013
Abstract: Bahia grass, Paspalum notatum, is an important pollen allergen source with a long season of pollination and wide distribution in subtropical and temperate regions. We aimed to characterize the 55 kDa allergen of Bahia grass pollen (BaGP) and ascertain its clinical importance. BaGP extract was separated by 2D-PAGE and immunoblotted with serum IgE of a grass pollen-allergic patient. The amino-terminal protein sequence of the predominant allergen isoform at 55 kDa had similarity with the group 13 allergens of Timothy grass and maize pollen, Phl p 13 and Zea m 13. Four sequences obtained by rapid lification of the allergen cDNA ends represented multiple isoforms of Pas n 13. The predicted full length cDNA for Pas n 13 encoded a 423 amino acid glycoprotein including a signal peptide of 28 residues and with a predicted pI of 7.0. Tandem mass spectrometry of tryptic peptides of 2D gel spots identified peptides specific to the deduced amino acid sequence for each of the four Pas n 13 cDNA, representing 47% of the predicted mature protein sequence of Pas n 13. There was 80.6% and 72.6% amino acid identity with Zea m 13 and Phl p 13, respectively. Reactivity with a Phl p 13-specific monoclonal antibody AF6 supported designation of this allergen as Pas n 13. The allergen was purified from BaGP extract by ammonium sulphate precipitation, hydrophobic interaction and size exclusion chromatography. Purified Pas n 13 reacted with serum IgE of 34 of 71 (48%) grass pollen-allergic patients and specifically inhibited IgE reactivity with the 55 kDa band of BaGP for two grass pollen-allergic donors. Four isoforms of Pas n 13 from pI 6.3-7.8 had IgE-reactivity with grass pollen allergic sera. The allergenic activity of purified Pas n 13 was demonstrated by activation of basophils from whole blood of three grass pollen-allergic donors tested but not control donors. Pas n 13 is thus a clinically relevant pollen allergen of the subtropical Bahia grass likely to be important in eliciting seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma in grass pollen-allergic patients.
Towards the pathogenesis of autoimmune liver disease
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-1999
Molecular features of grass allergens and development of biotechnological approaches for allergy prevention
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
The molecular allergology of subtropical grass pollen
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.MOLIMM.2018.03.012
Abstract: Grass pollens are amongst the most important aeroallergen sources world-wide triggering allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma in sensitised patients. Much of what we know about the allergen components of grasses is informed by research on pollen of temperate (Pooideae) species that are abundant in the temperate climate zones. However, climate changes are altering the biogeographical distribution as well as timing and allergenicity of grass pollens. This provides an impetus for better understanding of the contribution of subtropical subfamilies of grasses to pollen allergy globally. Pollen of Chloridoideae (e.g. Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass) and Panicoideae (e.g. Paspalum notatum Bahia grass or Sorghum halepense Johnson grass) subfamilies are clinically important in subtropical zones of Australia, Asia, India, Africa, and America. These grasses differ ecologically and phylogenetically from temperate grasses and, importantly their allergen composition is qualitatively different. For ex le, subtropical grass pollens appear to lack the major group 5 grass pollen allergen family. In this review we summarize current knowledge of the epidemiology and immunology of subtropical Chloridoideae and Pancoideae pollen allergens, describe the biochemical characteristics of known isoforms and variants as well as properties and structures of subtropical pollen allergen components. Whilst only one subtropical allergen component Cyn d 1 of Bermuda grass pollen, is available commercially for diagnostic use, in a natural purified form, a number of allergens of Panicoideae grass pollen Zea m 1, Zea m 3 and Zea m 13 of maize, Pas n 1 and Pas n 13 of Bahia, as well as Sor h 1, Sor h 2, Sor h 13 and Sor h 23 of Johnson grass, have been discovered. Research effort is directed towards making available subtropical grass pollen allergen components as innovative treatment and diagnostic options that more specifically address the needs of patients from warmer regions of the globe.
The association between ambient temperature and childhood asthma: a systematic review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-10-2018
Tracking seasonal changes in diversity of pollen allergen exposure: Targeted metabarcoding of a subtropical aerobiome
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Thunderstorm asthma: Controlling (deadly) grass pollen allergy
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-02-2018
DOI: 10.1136/BMJ.K432
Why women need to “Work hard(er) and persist” to succeed in the clinic and the lab
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2020
Thunderstorm asthma in seasonal allergic rhinitis: The TAISAR study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JACI.2021.10.028
Abstract: Asthma epidemics associated with thunderstorms have had catastrophic effects on in iduals and emergency services. Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is present in the vast majority of people who develop thunderstorm asthma (TA), but there is little evidence regarding risk factors for TA among the SAR population. We sought to identify risk factors for a history of TA and hospital presentation in a cohort of in iduals with SAR. This multicenter study recruited adults from Melbourne, Australia, with a past diagnosis of TA and/or self-reported SAR. Clinical information, spirometry results, white blood cell count, ryegrass pollen-specific (RGP-sp) IgE concentration, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide were measured to identify risk factors for a history of TA in in iduals with SAR. From a total of 228 in iduals with SAR, 35% (80 of 228) reported SAR only (the I-SAR group), 37% (84 of 228) reported TA symptoms but had not attended hospital for treatment (the O-TA group), and 28% (64 of 228) had presented to the hospital for TA (the H-TA group). All patients in the H-TA group reported a previous asthma diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with O-TA and H-TA indicated that lower FEV Clinical tests can identify risk of a history of TA in in iduals with SAR and thereby inform patient-specific treatment recommendations.
Grass Gazers: Using citizen science as a tool to facilitate practical and online science learning for secondary school students during the COVID‐19 lockdown
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-11-2021
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.6948
Two monoclonal antibodies to precisely the same epitope of type II collagen select non-crossreactive phage clones by phage display: implications for autoimmunity and molecular mimicry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2004
A pilot forecasting system for epidemic thunderstorm asthma in south-eastern Australia
Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Date: 02-2020
Abstract: In November 2016, an unprecedented epidemic thunderstorm asthma event in Victoria, Australia, resulted in many thousands of people developing breathing difficulties in a very short period of time, including 10 deaths, and created extreme demand across the Victorian health services. To better prepare for future events, a pilot forecasting system for epidemic thunderstorm asthma (ETSA) risk has been developed for Victoria. The system uses a categorical risk-based approach, combining operational forecasting of gusty winds in severe thunderstorms with statistical forecasts of high ambient grass pollen concentrations, which together generate the risk of epidemic thunderstorm asthma. This pilot system provides the first routine daily epidemic thunderstorm asthma risk forecasting service in the world that covers a wide area, and integrates into the health, ambulance, and emergency management sector. Epidemic thunderstorm asthma events have historically occurred infrequently, and no event of similar magnitude has impacted the Victorian health system since. However, during the first three years of the pilot, 2017–19, two high asthma presentation events and four moderate asthma presentation events were identified from public hospital emergency department records. The ETSA risk forecasts showed skill in discriminating between days with and without health impacts. However, even with hindsight of the actual weather and airborne grass pollen conditions, some high asthma presentation events occurred in districts that were assessed as low risk for ETSA, reflecting the challenge of predicting this unusual phenomenon.
Standardising pollen monitoring: quantifying confidence intervals for measurements of airborne pollen concentration
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-09-2020
Influence of Mixing Procedures, Rubber Treatment, and Fibre Additives on Rubcrete Performance
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 10-04-2019
DOI: 10.3390/JCS3020041
Abstract: This research extensively investigates how to enhance the mechanical performance of Rubcrete, aiming to move this type of concrete from the laboratory research level to a more practical use by the concrete industry. The effects of many different mixing procedures, chemical pre-treatments on the rubber particles, and the use of fibre additives, have been investigated for their impact upon Rubcrete workability, compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength. The mixing procedure variables included mixing time and mixing order. The rubber pre-treatments utilized chemicals such as Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH), Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2), Sulphuric acid (H2SO4), Calcium Chloride (CaCl2), Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4), Sodium Bisulphite (NaHsO3), and Silane Coupling Agent. Soaking rubber particles in tap water, or running them through water before mixing, were also tried as a pre-treatment of rubber particles. In addition, the effects of fibre additives such as steel fibres, polypropylene fibres, and rubber fibres, were assessed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was utilised to examine some of the pre-treated rubber particles. The results showed that doubling the net mixing time of all mix constituents together enhanced the Rubcrete slump by an average of 22%, and the compressive strength by up to 8%. Mixing rubber with dry cement before adding to the mix increased the compressive strength by up to 3%. Pre-treatment using water was more effective than other chemicals in enhancing the Rubcrete workability. Regardless of the treatment material type, the longer the time of the treatment, the more cleaning of rubber occurred. Significant Rubcrete flexural strength increase occurred when using 1.5% fibre content of both steel fibre and polypropylene fibre.
IgE-associated IGHV genes from venom and peanut allergic individuals lack mutational evidence of antigen selection
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 25-02-2014
Marker allergens and panallergens in tree and grass pollen allergy
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
What are the health and socioeconomic impacts of allergic respiratory disease in Tasmania?
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 04-2021
DOI: 10.1071/AH20200
Abstract: Objective The aim of this study was to quantify the direct and indirect costs of asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) for 2018 in Tasmania. Methods We used publicly available data, and Tasmanian-specific values where available, to estimate direct and indirect costs of both diseases. Direct costs included outcomes such as emergency department (ED) presentations, hospitalisations, general practice visits and medication use. Indirect costs included premature mortality and lost productivity. Results Direct health impacts for both conditions combined included 1454 ED presentations, 682 hospitalisations, 72 446 general practice visits and 7122 specialist visits. Indirect health impacts included 13 deaths and between 483 000 and 2.8 million days of lost productivity. Total costs ranged between A$126.5 million and A$436.7 million for asthma and between A$65.3 million and A$259.7 million for AR. Per-person annual costs ranged between A$1918 and A$6617 for asthma and between A$597 and A$2374 for AR. Conclusions The main financial burden due to asthma and AR was related to productivity losses from presenteeism and absenteeism. The magnitude of the economic impacts of AR and asthma warrants further analysis to produce a national-level assessment. Such analyses could identify cost-effective interventions that produce highest benefits for the management of these conditions in our community. What is known about the topic? Allergic respiratory diseases, and particularly asthma and AR, pose a significant health burden, with effects including asthma-related hospital admissions, significant pharmaceutical expenditure and lost workforce and school education productivity. Australia, and particularly Tasmania, has a high prevalence of these conditions, but no recent studies have appraised or estimated their health impacts and costs. What does this paper add? This paper proposes a unique and transparent costing model that allows the costs of these conditions to be estimated while accounting for restrictions in data availability. The model is used to provide the first comprehensive costings of asthma and AR in Tasmania, Australia. We identified that the estimated health costs are dominated by productivity losses from presenteeism and absenteeism, and that total per person costs are higher for a person with asthma compared to one with AR. What are the implications for practitioners? This analysis has the potential to guide cost-effective interventions by identifying where the highest benefits may be obtained when managing these conditions in our community.
WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature: Providing a common language
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Quality control of pollen identification and quantification exercise for the AusPollen Aerobiology Collaboration Network: a pilot study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-04-2019
Evidence for Nucleation-Growth, Redistribution, and Dissolution Mechanisms during the Course of Redox Cycling Experiments on the C60/NBu4C60 Solid-State Redox System:
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 19-06-1999
DOI: 10.1021/JP990926X
Subtropical grass pollen allergens are important for allergic respiratory diseases in subtropical regions
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2012
Biogeographical variation in specific IgE recognition of temperate and subtropical grass pollen allergens in allergic rhinitis patients
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1002/CTI2.1103
Dynamic ecological observations from satellites inform aerobiology of allergenic grass pollen
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
Enabling self-management of pollen allergies: a pre-season questionnaire evaluating the perceived benefit of providing local pollen information
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-07-2019
Use of phage display technology to investigate allergen-antibody interactions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2000
Abstract: Phage display is an advanced technology that can be used to characterize the interactions of antibody with antigen at the molecular level. It provides valuable data when applied to the investigation of IgE interaction with allergens. The aim of this rostrum article is to provide an explanation of the potential of phage display for increasing the understanding of allergen-IgE interaction, the discovery of diagnostic reagents, and the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of allergic disease. The significance of initial studies that have applied phage display technology in allergy research will be highlighted. Phage display has been used to clone human IgE to timothy grass pollen allergen Phl p 5, to characterize the epitopes for murine and human antibodies to a birch pollen allergen Bet v 1, and to elucidate the epitopes of a murine mAb to the house dust mite allergen Der p 1. The technology has identified peptides that functionally mimic sites of human IgE constant domains and that were used to raise antiserum for blocking binding of IgE to the FcepsilonRI on basophils and subsequent release of histamine. Phage display has also been used to characterize novel peanut and fungal allergens. The method has been used to increase our understanding of the molecular basis of allergen-IgE interactions and to develop clinically relevant reagents with the pharmacologic potential to block the effector phase of allergic reactions. Many advances from these early studies are likely as phage display technology evolves and allergists gain expertise in its research applications.
Use of hollow glass microspheres and hybrid fibres to improve the mechanical properties of engineered cementitious composite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
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