ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7403-0040
Current Organisations
Aga Khan University
,
Aalborg Universitet
,
Aalborg University
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Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-08-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-02-2023
DOI: 10.1057/S41288-023-00287-9
Abstract: The increasing threat of cyberattacks has resulted in increased efforts by both the U.K. government and regulatory authorities to coordinate efforts to influence cybersecurity risk management practices in the U.K. insurance sector, focusing on cyber risk underwriters. This paper provides an evaluation of these arrangements. It first provides a descriptive overview of the key U.K. regulatory authorities and the evolution of their efforts over the past decade, as well as the scope for broader collaborations with industry and member-based associations and international organisations. It then evaluates the effectiveness of these efforts by providing a multi-method study of the incidence, nature and evolution of cost of data breaches, investment in computer systems and software intangible assets at risk of cyberattack, and a content analysis of annual reports of both U.K. regulators and a s le of U.K. insurers. The findings suggest that while both the total costs of data breaches and the size of investment in computer systems and software intangibles at risk of cyberattack have gradually increased over time, the degree of engagement with cyber as a reporting issue by both cyber insurers and financial regulators has not. It is concluded that while these efforts have been apparently successful in avoiding a large-scale, systemic cyberattack on the U.K. insurance industry, there are significant gaps and overlaps in the system of cyber regulatory oversight.
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 04-2004
DOI: 10.1086/381281
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2001
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 18-07-2007
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 02-07-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2015
DOI: 10.1057/GPP.2015.18
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1057/GPP.2010.38
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2003
Abstract: This study examines various factors that potentially explain cross‐sectional variations in UK corporate managerial discretion to switch towards a market‐based actuarial pension valuation method for pension funding and reporting purposes. Evidence is based on accounting, actuarial and share market data for an industry‐matched pair s le of 90 UK firms. Consistent with our hypotheses we find that companies have a greater propensity to switch actuarial methods if they use lower discount rates, lower flow funding ratios and sponsor larger pension plans in the pre‐switch valuation year. These findings are consistent with the traditional perspective, which implies that UK corporate switching decisions are explained by characteristics of their defined benefit pension funds. The results run contrary to the findings of earlier US based studies that find that such choices can be explained from an alternative corporate financial perspective.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1NR90196F
Abstract: Correction for ‘SERS-based nanostrategy for rapid anemia diagnosis’ by Pir Muhammad et al. , Nanoscale , 2020, 12 , 1948–1957, DOI: 10.1039/C9NR09152A.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-1995
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1017/S1357321720000057
Abstract: This abstract relates to the following paper: Klumpes , P. , Acharyya , M. , Kakar , G. & Sturgess , E. ( 2019 ) Climate risk reporting practices by UK insurance companies and pension schemes . British Actuarial Journal , 24 , e30 . doi: 10.1017/S1357321719000229 .
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-1994
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 30-03-2022
Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is among the most treatment-resistant solid tumors and often recurrs after resection. One of the mechanisms through which GBM escapes various treatment modalities is the overexpression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins ( e.g ., Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Mcl-1) in tumor cells. Small-molecule inhibitors such as ABT-263 (ABT), which can promote mitochondrial-mediated cell apoptosis by selectively inhibiting the function of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, have been proven to be promising anticancer agents in clinical trials. However, the therapeutic prospects of ABT for GBM treatment are h ered by its limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, dose-dependent thrombocytopenia, and the drug resistance driven by Mcl-1, which is overexpressed in GBM cells and further upregulated upon treatment with ABT. Herein, we reported that the Mcl-1-specific inhibitor A-1210477 (A12) can act synergistically with ABT to induce potent cell apoptosis in U87 MG cells, drug-resistant U251 cells, and patient-derived GBM cancer stem cells. We further designed a biomimetic nanomedicine, based on the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) peptide-decorated red blood cell membrane and pH-sensitive dextran nanoparticles, for the brain-targeted delivery of ABT and A12. The synergistic anti-GBM effect was retained after encapsulation in the nanomedicine. Additionally, the obtained nanomedicine possessed good biocompatibility, exhibited efficient BBB penetration, and could effectively suppress tumor growth and prolong the survival time of mice bearing orthotopic GBM xenografts without inducing detectable adverse effects.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2003
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1017/S1357321719000229
Abstract: Increasing global concern over the impact of climate change has recently led to public scrutiny over the adequacy of existing risk management practices by insurance companies and pension schemes in dealing with these challenges that potentially impact both in idual actuaries and the Institute and Faculty of Actuaries generally. Most recently, the Prudential Regulation Authority has issued further guidance concerning its expectations for the UK insurance industry regarding the development of an approach to disclosure on and management of the financial risks from climate change, while a Parliamentary Committee has demanded public clarification from UK pension scheme trustees regarding their degree of engagement with incorporating climate-related financial risks into their investment decision-making. The aim of this paper is to identify the dominating factors of the current evolvement of UK insurance companies’ and pension schemes’ climate risk disclosure practices. This paper analyses both the nature and extent of changes in the risk reporting practices of these entities that have evolved in order to meet these demands for increased accountability. We first analyse relevant sections of latest annual reports produced by a s le of 15 UK insurance companies and 15 pension schemes. We find only limited alignment of insurance firm and pension scheme annual reports with the 11 specific Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosure’s (TCFD) recommended disclosures. We also examine what key financial risk and/or other organisational characteristics are most closely associated with the degree of alignment with TCFD specified disclosures related to governance, strategy, risk management and performance metrics. We find that incentives facing s le insurance companies to align their climate-related disclosures with TCFD recommendations are related to their management of reputation risk (measured on the basis of size and type of business). Whereas the incentives facing pension schemes are related to the desire to reduce information asymmetry (measured by liability risk) among their stakeholders concerning this issue. Further, consistent with a stakeholder theory explanation, it appears that only a minority of large, publicly listed insurance companies and large local government pension schemes are taking action to report on their actions to mitigate climate risk. We also discuss ex les of best practice climate risk reporting. The implications for the actuarial profession in engaging with climate risk are discussed in line with the findings of the study.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 19-10-2013
DOI: 10.1017/S1357321712000293
Abstract: Risk terminology varies from organisation to organisation, and actuaries working in different organisations may use different terms to refer to the same risk, or use the same nomenclature for completely different risks. This paper sets out a classification system developed by the Risk Classification Working Party for the Profession that can be used as a common reference point for discussing risk. Actuaries will not be required to use this system, but it is hoped that common terminology will reduce the possibility of confusion in discussing risks.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.1017/S1357321711000122
Abstract: A major outcome of ERM activities in insurance companies has been the bringing together of all of the key risks in the company, to be managed collectively in a holistic fashion. The authors of this paper believe that an ERM framework also needs to look beyond the company, and have regard to the risk management needs of investors, from the point of view of the contribution of the insurance company to the overall risk and reward of their total investment portfolios. To meet these needs, the ERM framework needs to provide sufficient information on topics such as systematic risk, potential correlations of earnings from future new business with macroeconomic trends, other risks to franchise value, and sources of model risk within the company. The paper does not provide solutions for the issues described above but limits itself to describing and discussing the direction for some important new initiatives in ERM activities.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 15-11-2017
DOI: 10.1017/S1357321716000180
Abstract: Recent changes made to the UK Corporate Governance Code require UK firms to report new or enhanced narrative information concerning their principal risks, their risk management processes and their future viability. This paper analyses whether the level and nature of voluntary compliance with these new requirements is consistent with alternative economic and political visibility incentives. We analyse relevant sections of financial reports produced by industry-matched s les of large-, mid- and small-cap UK-listed firms during the transitional 2013–2014 financial reporting years. Both specific and generic readability attributes of the reports are measured. We find that virtually no firm in our s le has provided any viability statement. Empirical analysis of disclosures concerning principal risk assessment and review processes appear to be primarily motivated by political visibility reasons. Ex les of particularly good and cases of poor corporate risk reporting practices are also discussed. Possible implications for the actuarial profession are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2009
DOI: 10.1111/J.1468-5957.2009.02160.X
Abstract: Abstract: During the last ten years of regulatory change, many UK companies have curtailed their defined benefit pension scheme. We test three competing explanations of UK corporate pension curtailments: integration, separation and risk management. We predict and find an association between the use of managerial discretion over changes in UK firms' expected rate of return on pension assets (ERR) assumptions, and subsequent decisions to curtail future defined benefit pension obligations. These findings are consistent with a risk management‐based explanation, even after controlling for other factors identified by prior literature as significant in explaining pension benefit reductions. We also find that curtailments and the risk management of ERR assumptions are associated with subsequent corporate restructuring decisions. The findings support the view that pension curtailment decisions are driven by the failure to adapt to new economic and regulatory pressures and that they are ultimately determined by strategic corporate risk management considerations.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 23-05-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-08-2013
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-2002
DOI: 10.1177/0148558X0201700303
Abstract: During the 1990s, Australian and UK life industry professionals encouraged life insurance companies to provide investors with supplementary financial statements that incorporate the present value of actuarially calculated (“embedded value”) earnings (“PVAE”). However, these reporting practices have subsequently been criticized for potentially misleading investors and for failing to meet the definition of a recognizable asset. The propensity of proprietary UK and Australian life insurers to voluntarily report their PVAE is predicted to be driven by their desire to provide information to investors about their future profit expectations. The empirical tests are based on a s le of 67 Australian and UK proprietary and mutual firms. Consistent with the hypothesis, proprietary firms voluntarily reporting PVAE tend to have relatively higher future profit expectations than nondisclosing firms. These findings have implications for ongoing efforts to develop internationally harmonized financial reporting standards for life insurance companies.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/C9NR09152A
Abstract: A novel multimodal anemia diagnosis assay was developed using the SERS and compared with the routinely used clinical assays. The dual-target (iron ion/metalloprotein) capturing efficiency via strong organic cyanide affinity was utilized for whole blood analyses.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 21-07-2022
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOMATERIALS.2022.121760
Abstract: Selective targeting of elevated copper (Cu) in cancer cells by chelators to induce tumor-toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be a promising approach in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Previously, the Cu chelator di-2-pyridylketone-4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT) attracted much interest due to its potent anti-tumor activity mediated by the formation of a highly redox-active Cu-Dp44mT complex. However, its translational potential was limited by the development of toxicity in murine models of cancer reflecting poor selectivity. Here, we overcame the limitations of Dp44mT by incorporating it in new biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) optimized for GBM therapy. Biomimetic design elements enhancing selectivity included angiopeptide-2 functionalized red blood cell membrane (Ang-M) camouflaging of the NPs carrier. Co-loading Dp44mT with regadenoson (Reg), that transiently opens the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), yielded biomimetic Ang-MNPs@(Dp44mT/Reg) NPs that actively targeted and traversed the BBB delivering Dp44mT specifically to GBM cells. To further improve selectivity, we innovatively pre-loaded GBM tumors with Cu. Oral dosing of U87MG-Luc tumor bearing mice with diacetyl-bis(4-methylthiosemicarbazonato)-copperII (Cu(II)-ATSM), significantly enhanced Cu-level in GBM tumor. Subsequent treatment of mice bearing Cu-enriched orthotopic U87MG-Luc GBM with Ang-MNPs@(Dp44mT/Reg) substantially prevented orthotopic GBM growth and led to maximal increases in median survival time. These results highlighted the importance of both angiopeptide-2 functionalization and tumor Cu-loading required for greater selective cytotoxicity. Targeting Ang-MNPs@(Dp44mT/Reg) NPs also down-regulated antiapoptotic Bcl-2, but up-regulated pro-apoptotic Bax and cleaved-caspase-3, demonstrating the involvement of the apoptotic pathway in GBM suppression. Notably, Ang-MNPs@(Dp44mT/Reg) showed negligible systemic drug toxicity in mice, further indicating therapeutic potential that could be adapted for other central nervous system disorders.
Location: Pakistan
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Fawad Ur Rehman.