ORCID Profile
0000-0001-9460-390X
Current Organisations
Zagazig University
,
Zagazig University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
,
Uppsala Universitet
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Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 28-03-2022
DOI: 10.1155/2022/6144733
Abstract: The present study examines the neuropharmacological and antidiabetic properties of methanol leaves extract of Lannea coromandelica in animal models. This study is carried out by elevated plus-maze apparatus, motor coordination, thiopental sodium has an induction role in sleeping time, hole board, hole cross, open field, antidiabetic studies. Mice were treated doses of 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg body weight in elevated plus-maze apparatus and motor coordination 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight in sleeping time, hole cross, hole board, and open field tests and 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight in the antidiabetic activity test. Extraction specifies a significantly decreased time duration and sleeping time in a thiopental sodium-induced sleeping time test. The experimental extract decreased locomotor and exploratory behaviors of mice in the open-field and hole-cross tests compared to the effects of the control. Furthermore, the extract increased sleeping time with a dose-dependent onset of action. The hole-board test extract also demonstrated a reduced number of head dips. The findings showed that L. coromandelica has potential neuropharmacological effects. In addition, in alloxan-induced diabetic mice, leaves extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight revealed significant antidiabetic properties and could be used to manage blood glucose levels with more research.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 20-07-2023
DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.19.548914
Abstract: Cattle have been a valuable economic resource and cultural icon since prehistory. From the initial expansion of domestic cattle into Europe during the Neolithic period, taurine cattle ( Bos taurus ) and their wild ancestor, the aurochs ( B. primigenius ), had overlapping ranges leading to le opportunities for intentional and unintentional hybridization. We performed a bioarchaeological analysis of 24 Bos remains from Iberia dating from the Mesolithic to the Roman period. The archaeogenomic dataset allows us to investigate the extent of domestic-wild hybridization over time, providing insight into the species’ behavior and human management by aligning changes with cultural and genomic transitions in the archaeological record. Our results show frequent hybridization during the Neolithic and Chalcolithic, likely reflecting a mix of hunting and herding or relatively unmanaged herds, with mostly male aurochs and female domestic cattle involved in hybridization. This is supported by isotopic evidence of ecological niche sharing, with only a few domestic cattle possibly being managed. The proportion of aurochs ancestry in domestic cattle remains relatively constant from about 4000 years ago, probably due to herd management and selection against hybrids, coinciding with other cultural transitions. The constant level of wild ancestry (∼20%) continues into modern western European breeds including the Spanish Lidia breed which is bred for its aggressiveness and fighting ability, but does not display elevated levels of aurochs ancestry. This study takes a genomic glance at the impact of human actions and wild introgression in the establishment of cattle as one of the most important domestic species today.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 17-07-2017
DOI: 10.1101/164400
Abstract: Scandinavia was one of the last geographic areas in Europe to become habitable for humans after the last glaciation. However, the origin(s) of the first colonizers and their migration routes remain unclear. We sequenced the genomes, up to 57x coverage, of seven hunter-gatherers excavated across Scandinavia and dated to 9,500-6,000 years before present. Surprisingly, among the Scandinavian Mesolithic in iduals, the genetic data display an east-west genetic gradient that opposes the pattern seen in other parts of Mesolithic Europe. This result suggests that Scandinavia was initially colonized following two different routes: one from the south, the other from the northeast. The latter followed the ice-free Norwegian north Atlantic coast, along which novel and advanced pressure-blade stone-tool techniques may have spread. These two groups met and mixed in Scandinavia, creating a genetically erse population, which shows patterns of genetic adaptation to high latitude environments. These adaptations include high frequencies of low pigmentation variants and a gene-region associated with physical performance, which shows strong continuity into modern-day northern Europeans.
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 08-09-2015
Abstract: The transition from a foraging subsistence strategy to a sedentary farming society is arguably the greatest innovation in human history. Some modern-day groups—specifically the Basques—have been argued to be a remnant population that connect back to the Paleolithic. We present, to our knowledge, the first genome-wide sequence data from eight in iduals associated with archaeological remains from farming cultures in the El Portalón cave (Atapuerca, Spain). These in iduals emerged from the same group of people as other Early European farmers, and they mixed with local hunter–gatherers on their way to Iberia. The El Portalón in iduals showed the greatest genetic affinity to Basques, which suggests that Basques and their language may be linked with the spread of agriculture across Europe.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 03-09-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.03.281261
Abstract: The Middle East plays a central role in human history harbouring a vast ersity of ethnic, cultural and religious groups. However, much remains to be understood about past and present genomic ersity in this region. Here, we present for the first time, a multidisciplinary bioarchaeological analysis of two in iduals dated to late 7th and early 8th centuries from Tell Qarassa, an open-air site in modern-day Syria. Radiocarbon dates, religious and cultural burial evidence indicate that this site represents one of the earliest Islamic Arab burials in the Levant during the Late Antiquity period. Interestingly, we found genomic similarity to a genotyped group of modern-day Bedouins and Saudi rather than to most neighbouring Levantine groups. This is highlighted through substantial Neolithic Levant ancestry in our s les, inviting an alternative scenario of long-term continuity in this region. This raises questions about the influence of ancient populations and historical migrations to genetic structure in the Middle East. As our study represents the first genomic analysis of an early Islamic burial in the Levant, we discuss our findings and possible historic scenarios in light of forces such as genetic drift and their possible interaction with religious and cultural processes.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 14-02-2019
DOI: 10.1101/549881
Abstract: Accurate inference of genomic ancestry is critically important in human genetics, epidemiology, and related fields. Geneticists today have access to multiple heterogeneous population-based datasets from studies collected under different protocols. Therefore, joint analyses of these datasets require robust and consistent inference of ancestry, where a common strategy is to yield an ancestry space generated by a reference dataset. However, such a strategy is sensitive to batch artefacts introduced by different protocols. In this work, we propose a novel robust genome-wide ancestry inference method referred to as SUGIBS, based on an unnormalized genomic (UG) relationship matrix whose spectral (S) decomposition is generalized by an Identity-by-State (IBS) similarity degree matrix. SUGIBS robustly constructs an ancestry space from a single reference dataset, and provides a robust projection of new s les, from different studies. In experiments and simulations, we show that, SUGIBS is robust against in idual outliers and batch artifacts introduced by different genotyping protocols. The performance of SUGIBS is equivalent to the widely used principal component analysis (PCA) on normalized genotype data in revealing the underlying structure of an admixed population and in adjusting for false positive findings in a case-control admixed GWAS. We applied SUGIBS on the 1000 Genome project, as a reference, in combination with a large heterogeneous dataset containing auxiliary 3D facial images, to predict population stratified average or ancestry faces. In addition, we projected eight ancient DNA profiles into the 1000 Genome ancestry space and reconstructed their ancestry face. Based on the visually strong and recognizable human facial phenotype, comprehensive facial illustrations of the populations embedded in the 1000 Genome project are provided. Furthermore, ancestry facial imaging has important applications in personalized and precision medicine along with forensic and archeological DNA phenotyping. Estimates of in idual-level genomic ancestry are routinely used in human genetics, epidemiology, and related fields. The analysis of population structure and genomic ancestry can yield significant insights in terms of modern and ancient population dynamics, allowing us to address questions regarding the timing of the admixture events, and the numbers and identities of the parental source populations. Unrecognized or cryptic population structure is also an important confounder to correct for in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, to date, it remains challenging to work with heterogeneous datasets from multiple studies collected by different laboratories with erse genotyping and imputation protocols. This work presents a new approach and an accompanying open-source software toolbox that facilitates a robust integrative analysis for population structure and genomic ancestry estimates for heterogeneous datasets. Given that visually evident and easily recognizable patterns of human facial characteristics covary with genomic ancestry, we can generate predicted ancestry faces on both the population and in idual levels as we illustrate for the 26 1000 Genome populations and for eight eminent ancient-DNA profiles, respectively.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2010
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 28-09-2017
Abstract: Southern Africa is consistently placed as a potential region for the evolution of
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 12-03-2018
Abstract: The gene pool of modern Europeans was shaped through prehistoric migrations that reached the Western Mediterranean last. Obtaining biomolecular data has been challenging due to poor preservation related to adverse climatic conditions in this region. Here, we study the impact of prehistoric (Neolithic–Bronze Age) migrations in Iberia by analyzing genomic and dietary data, demonstrating that farming practices were introduced by a population genetically distinct from the first farmers in central and northern Europe. After recovering from a founder bottleneck, these first farmers mixed with local hunter-gatherers. Finally, post-Neolithic migrations had a much smaller impact on the Iberian gene pool than they had in other parts of Europe. Stable isotope analysis reveals a homogenous terrestrial diet throughout this period.
Location: Germany
Location: Germany
No related grants have been discovered for Torsten Günther.