ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4577-8962
Current Organisation
Charles Darwin University
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 03-08-2021
DOI: 10.3390/TROPICALMED6030145
Abstract: Ross River virus (RRV), the most common human arbovirus infection in Australia, causes significant morbidity and substantial medical costs. About half of Australian cases occur in Queensland. We describe the spatial and temporal patterns of RRV disease in Queensland over the past two decades. RRV notifications, human population data, and weather data from 2001 to 2020 were analysed by the Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) area. Spatial interpolation or linear extrapolation were used for missing weather values and the estimated population in 2020, respectively. Notifications and incidence rates were analysed through space and time. During the study period, there were 43,699 notifications in Queensland. The highest annual number of notifications was recorded in 2015 (6182), followed by 2020 (3160). The average annual incidence rate was 5 per 10,000 people and the peak period for RRV notifications was March to May. Generally, SA2 areas in northern Queensland had higher numbers of notifications and higher incidence rates than SA2 areas in southern Queensland. The SA2 areas with high incidence rates were in east coastal areas and western Queensland. The timely prediction may aid disease prevention and routine vector control programs, and RRV management plans are important for these areas.
Publisher: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Date: 09-12-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-10-2020
DOI: 10.1002/IJGO.12979
Abstract: To develop a model for predicting emergency cesarean for fetal distress (ECFD) at term using a combination of maternal and late pregnancy ultrasound parameters measured at more than 36 gestational weeks. A study of prospectively collected data, including ultrasound scans at 36-38 weeks, for singleton non-anomalous deliveries at Mater Mother's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia, between January 2010 and April 2017. Univariable and multivariable mixed-effects generalized linear models were generated. The final model was validated by the K-fold cross validation technique. Overall, 5439 women met the inclusion criteria of these, 230 (4.2%) underwent ECFD. There were more nulliparous women and women with induction of labor (IOL) in the ECFD cohort (both P < 0.001). ECFD neonates had lower z-scores for estimated fetal weight (EFW), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), and middle cerebral artery pulsatility index and higher scores for umbilical artery pulsatility index. Ethnicity, nulliparity, IOL, EFW z-score, and CPR z-score were included in the final prediction model, which showed high accuracy with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.77. The study shows that a prediction model combining the continuous standardized measures of CPR and EFW and several maternal factors was able to identify ECFD with improved accuracy.
Publisher: American Scientific Publishers
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 31-12-2020
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0244692
Abstract: We investigate the relationship of diabetes knowledge, diabetes management self-efficacy and diabetes self-management with blood glucose control among people with Thai type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Seven hundred outpatients from diabetes clinics from large university and small community hospitals in two provinces of Thailand (Khon Kaen and Bangkok) were interviewed to evaluate their diabetes knowledge (DK), diabetes management self-efficacy (DMSE) and diabetes self-management (DSM). In addition, patient medical records were accessed to obtain other patient characteristics including patients’ HbA1c levels. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression modelling was conducted and unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios obtained, respectively. Over half (52.4%) of the patients in our s le failed to control their blood glucose (HbA1c 7%). All three psychometric measures (DK, DMSE and DSM) were identified as associated with blood glucose control in the bivariate analysis (OR DK(unadj) = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.82, 0.96 OR DSM(unadj) = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.46, 1.82 OR DMSE(unadj) = 2.84 95%CI: 2.43, 3.32). However, after mutual adjustment and adjustment for other patient characteristics, of the three psychometric measures, only diabetes management self-efficacy remained associated with blood glucose control (OR DMSE(adj) = 2.67 95%CI: 2.20, 3.25). Diabetes management self-efficacy is shown to be strongly associated with blood glucose control in the Thai Type 2 diabetes population. Current early diabetes interventions in Thailand tend to focus on disease knowledge. A stronger emphasis on enhancing patients’ disease management self-efficacy in these interventions is likely to lead to substantial improvement in both diabetes self-management and blood glucose control, thereafter reducing the risk, or prolonging the development, of chronic diabetes complications.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-11-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-01052-5
Abstract: Development of an effective therapy to overcome colistin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae , a common pathogen causing catheter-related biofilm infections in vascular catheters, has become a serious therapeutic challenge that must be addressed urgently. Although colistin and EDTA have successful roles for eradicating biofilms, no in vitro and in vivo studies have investigated their efficacy in catheter-related biofilm infections of colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae . In this study, colistin resistance was significantly reversed in both planktonic and mature biofilms of colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae by a combination of colistin (0.25–1 µg/ml) with EDTA (12 mg/ml). This novel colistin-EDTA combination was also demonstrated to have potent efficacy in eradicating colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae catheter-related biofilm infections, and eliminating the risk of recurrence in vivo. Furthermore, this study revealed significant therapeutic efficacy of colistin-EDTA combination in reducing bacterial load in internal organs, lowering serum creatinine, and protecting treated mice from mortality. Altered in vivo expression of different virulence genes indicate bacterial adaptive responses to survive in hostile environments under different treatments. According to these data discovered in this study, a novel colistin-EDTA combination provides favorable efficacy and safety for successful eradication of colistin-resistant K. pneumonia catheter-related biofilm infections.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-08-2019
DOI: 10.3390/NU11081851
Abstract: Background: Periconceptional nutrition may have an important function in programming the immune function and allergies, however, there is a lack of studies assessing pre-conception food intake and childhood allergic disorders. The aim of the current study was to identify maternal pre-conception dietary components that may be associated with allergic disorders in children up to 3 years of age. Methods: Pregnant women attending their first antenatal visit and who were aged years were invited to participate. Pre-conception food frequency data was retrospectively collected at 18 weeks’ gestation. Childhood eczema, current wheeze, and rhinitis was assessed at 36 months of age using a questionnaire and doctor diagnosis (n = 234). Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to explore the combination of dietary food components that best discriminated between allergy status in children. Results: Maternal pre-conception food intake such as low and high fat dairy, fresh fruit, unsaturated spreads, and take-away foods, were protective for any allergy assessed. Non-oily fish was protective for eczema and current wheeze saturated spreads (e.g., butter) was protective for eczema, current wheeze, and rhinitis poultry and fruit juice were adversely associated with each allergy. Conclusions: Pre-conception food intakes demonstrate inconsistent and somewhat contrary relationships to the development of child allergies. Whether and how maternal food intake impacts the underlying fetal programming and the mechanisms of childhood allergy warrants further investigation.
Publisher: Society of Physical Therapy Science
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1589/JPTS.27.2569
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 20-07-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1111/RESP.13491
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-2020
DOI: 10.2147/JBM.S254116
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2002
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-03-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.DIABRES.2015.02.005
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the achievement of clinical targets for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in general medical clinics (GMCs) and specialist diabetes clinics (SDCs) for different hospital types (regional, provincial and community) in Thailand. We used the medical records of patients (n=26,860) with T2DM from 595 hospitals (26 regional, 70 provincial and 499 community) across all 77 provinces in Thailand. Generalized linear mixed models were used to conduct multi-level modeling to evaluate the achievement of in idual outcomes (A - glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <7.0% (53 mmol/mol), B - Blood Pressure (BP) <140/80 mmHg and C - LDL-Cholesterol <100mg/dL) and aggregated outcomes (AllABC - achieved all three of the targets, AnyABC - achieved at least one target, ABCcount - the number of targets achieved: 0, 1, 2 or 3). Neither clinic types (SDCs or GMCs) were consistency superior across all hospital types. For regional hospitals, SDCs were associated with higher odds of achieving BP, AnyABC, and ABCcount (OR=1.55, 95%CI: 1.25-1.92, p<0.001 OR=1.35, 95%CI: 1.02-1.79 p=0.04 RR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.01-1.20, p=0.03, respectively). For provincial hospitals, SDCs exhibited higher achievement of BP and LDL-C (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.23-1.87, p<0.001 OR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.04-1.58, p=0.02, respectively). For community hospitals, however GMCs demonstrated higher achievement of BP and AnyABC (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.67-0.98, p=0.03 OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.56-0.97, p=0.03, respectively). In larger (regional and provincial) hospitals, SDCs outperform GMCs in several (but not all) clinical targets. In contrast, in community hospital, where most patients with T2DM are serviced, GMCs were shown to have superior performance.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2022
DOI: 10.1002/UOG.26035
Abstract: Fetal growth restriction ( FGR ) is often secondary to placental dysfunction and is suspected prenatally based on biometric or circulatory abnormalities detected on ultrasound. The aims of this study were to compare the screening performance of the Society for Maternal–Fetal Medicine ( SMFM ) biometric criteria (estimated fetal weight ( EFW ) or abdominal circumference ( AC ) 10 th centile) with that of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology ( ISUOG )‐endorsed Delphi consensus criteria for late FGR for delivery of a small‐for‐gestational‐age ( SGA ) infant at term, emergency Cesarean section ( CS ) for non‐reassuring fetal status ( NRFS ), perinatal mortality and composite severe neonatal morbidity. We classified retrospectively non‐anomalous singleton infants as having late FGR (diagnosed ≥ 32 weeks) according to SMFM and ISUOG/Delphi criteria in a cohort of women who had been referred to the Mater Mother's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia and who delivered at term between January 2014 and December 2020. The study outcomes were delivery of a SGA infant (birth weight (BW) 10 th or 3 rd centile), emergency CS for NRFS, perinatal mortality (defined as stillbirth or neonatal death within 28 days of a live birth) and a composite of severe neonatal morbidity. We assessed the screening performance of various ultrasound variables by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values, false‐positive and false‐negative rates, positive likelihood ratio (LR+) and negative likelihood ratio. The SMFM and ISUOG/Delphi consensus criteria collectively classified 1030 cases as having late FGR. Of these, 400 cases were classified by both SMFM and ISUOG/Delphi criteria, whilst 548 cases were classified using only SMFM criteria and 82 cases were classified only by ISUOG/Delphi criteria. Prenatal detection of late FGR by SMFM and ISUOG/Delphi criteria was associated with increased odds of delivery of an infant with BW 10 th centile (SMFM: adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 133.0 (95% CI, 94.7–186.6) ISUOG/Delphi: aOR, 69.5 (95% CI, 49.1–98.2)) or BW 3 rd centile (SMFM: aOR, 348.7 (95% CI, 242.6–501.2) ISUOG/Delphi: aOR, 215.4 (95% CI, 148.4–312.7)). Compared with the SMFM criteria, the ISUOG/Delphi criteria were associated with lower odds (aOR, 0.5 (95% CI, 0.3–0.8)) of predicting a SGA infant with BW 10 th centile, but higher odds of predicting emergency CS for NRFS (aOR, 2.30 (95% CI, 1.14–4.66)) and composite neonatal morbidity (aOR, 1.22 (95% CI, 1.05–1.41)). Both SMFM and ISUOG/Delphi criteria were associated with high LR+, specificity, PPV and NPV for the prediction of infants with BW 10 th and BW 3 rd centile. However, both methods functioned much less efficiently for the prediction of composite severe neonatal morbidity or emergency CS for NRFS, with LR+ 10. The SMFM biometric criteria alone, particularly AC 3 rd centile, had the highest LR+ values for the prediction of perinatal mortality. Both the SMFM and ISUOG /Delphi criteria had strong screening potential for the detection of infants with BW 10 th or 3 rd centile but not for adverse neonatal outcome. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 13-05-2011
Publisher: PeerJ
Date: 08-11-2022
DOI: 10.7717/PEERJ.14213
Abstract: Transmission of Ross River virus (RRV) is influenced by climatic, environmental, and socio-economic factors. Accurate and robust predictions based on these factors are necessary for disease prevention and control. However, the complicated transmission cycle and the characteristics of RRV notification data present challenges. Studies to compare model performance are lacking. In this study, we used RRV notification data and exposure data from 2001 to 2020 in Queensland, Australia, and compared ten models (including generalised linear models, zero-inflated models, and generalised additive models) to predict RRV incidence in different regions of Queensland. We aimed to compare model performance and to evaluate the effect of statistical over-dispersion and zero-inflation of RRV surveillance data, and non-linearity of predictors on model fit. A variable selection strategy for screening important predictors was developed and was found to be efficient and able to generate consistent and reasonable numbers of predictors across regions and in all training sets. Negative binomial models generally exhibited better model fit than Poisson models, suggesting that over-dispersion in the data is the primary factor driving model fit compared to non-linearity of predictors and excess zeros. All models predicted the peak periods well but were unable to fit and predict the magnitude of peaks, especially when there were high numbers of cases. Adding new variables including historical RRV cases and mosquito abundance may improve model performance. The standard negative binomial generalised linear model is stable, simple, and effective in prediction, and is thus considered the best choice among all models.
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-06-2016
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Australian Mathematical Publishing Association, Inc.
Date: 06-05-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-01-2014
Abstract: The overuse of antibiotics is becoming an increasing concern. Antibiotic resistance, which increases both the burden of disease, and the cost of health services, is perhaps the most profound impact of antibiotics overuse. Attempts have been made to develop instruments to measure the psychosocial constructs underlying antibiotics use, however, none of these instruments have undergone thorough psychometric validation. This study evaluates the psychometric properties of the Parental Perceptions on Antibiotics (PAPA) scales. The PAPA scales attempt to measure the factors influencing parental use of antibiotics in children. 1111 parents of children younger than 12 years old were recruited from primary schools’ parental meetings in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia from September 2012 to January 2013. The structure of the PAPA instrument was validated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with measurement model fit evaluated using the raw and scaled χ 2 , Goodness of Fit Index, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation. A five-factor model was confirmed with the model showing good fit. Constructs in the model include: Knowledge and Beliefs, Behaviors, Sources of information, Adherence, and Awareness about antibiotics resistance . The instrument was shown to have good internal consistency, and good discriminant and convergent validity. The availability of an instrument able to measure the psychosocial factors underlying antibiotics usage allows the risk factors underlying antibiotic use and overuse to now be investigated.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-11-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-00675-Y
Abstract: The global rapid emergence of azithromycin/ceftriaxone resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae threatens current recommend azithromycin/ceftriaxone dual therapy for gonorrhea to ensure effective treatment. Here, we identified the first two N. gonorrhoeae isolates with decreased ceftriaxone susceptibility in Thailand. Among 134 N. gonorrhoeae isolates collected from Thai Red Cross Anonymous Clinic, Bangkok, two isolates (NG-083 and NG-091) from urethral swab in male heterosexual patients had reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone (MICs of 0.125 mg/L). Both were multidrug resistant and strong biofilm producers with ceftriaxone tolerance (MBEC 128 mg/L). NG-083 and NG-091 remained susceptible to azithromycin (MIC of 1 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, respectively). Reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone was associated with alterations in PBP2, PBP1, PorB, MtrR, and mtrR promoter region. NG-083 belonged to sequence type (ST) 7235 and NG-091 has new allele number of tbpB with new ST. Molecular docking revealed ceftriaxone weakly occupied the active site of mosaic XXXIV penicillin-binding protein 2 variant in both isolates. Molecular epidemiology results revealed that both isolates display similarities with isolates from UK, USA, and The Netherlands. These first two genetically related gonococcal isolates with decreased ceftriaxone susceptibility heralds the threat of treatment failure in Thailand, and importance of careful surveillance.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 24-08-2018
Abstract: Cannabis use may affect drug users’ health and vitality, but few cannabis users seek health care assistance. This study’s objective is to develop an instrument to identify cannabis use disorder among Thai people and investigate its psychometric properties. A two-stage mixed-method research design was implemented. The first phase was conducted by literature review, in-depth interviews, a focus group, cognitive testing, and exploratory factor analysis. The second phase was conducted using a two-stage screening procedure in a field survey conducted among 1,120 subjects. The gold standard for diagnosis was based on one psychiatrist according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev. DSM-IV-TR) criteria. The optimal cut-off point was ⩾9.56 (sensitivity, 92% specificity, 92%). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed two factors, namely loss of control and impacts of cannabis, with good model fit (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.926, Tucker–Lewis index [TLI] = 0.909, root mean square error approximation [RMSEA] = 0.049). The final instrument, consisting of 13 items, was named “Thai Cannabis Risky Use Screening Test” or TCRUST.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-08-2017
Publisher: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)
Date: 04-10-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1111/IMJ.14355
Abstract: Psychosocial assessment should be part of clinic visits for people with diabetes mellitus (DM). To assess the usage and acceptance of a diabetes psychosocial assessment tool (DPAT) and to profile the clinical and psychosocial characteristics of young people with diabetes. Over a 12-month period, young adults (18-25 years) attending diabetes clinic were offered DPAT. The tool embeds validated screening tools including the Problem Areas in Diabetes 20 (PAID-20) questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) and the World Health Organization Well-Being Index-5 (WHO-5). Baseline clinical data were collected and questions regarding social support, body image, eating concerns, hypoglycaemia and finances were included. Over the 12 month, the form was offered to 155 participants (64.6% of eligible attendees). The majority (96.1%) had type 1 DM with a mean duration of 10.5 (±5.3 SD) years. Average glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was 8.7% (±1.5 SD) (or 71.2 mmol/mol ±16.5 SD). Severe diabetes-related distress (PAID-20 ≥ 40) was found in 19.4%. Low WHO-5 scores (28-50 points) were seen in 14.8%. PHQ-4 identified 25.8% with anxiety and 16.1% with depression. Significant weight, shape and eating concerns were identified in 27.1, 26.6 and 28.4%, respectively. Serious hypoglycaemia concerns were raised by 4.5%. DPAT revealed a high prevalence of psychosocial stress among young adults with DM. The tool was easy to use and accepted by patients and may aid streamlining referrals to relevant members of a multidisciplinary team.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-01-2022
DOI: 10.1002/PPUL.25821
Abstract: We aimed to identify factors present at the start of an initial course of systemic dexamethasone that would be associated with successful extubation in mechanically ventilated neonates <30 weeks gestational age (GA) with or at risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We studied a retrospective cohort of neonates (23 A total of 287 neonates were included. Each additional week of GA at birth led to a 1.53 increase in the odds of successful extubation (95% CI: 1.122-2.096, p < 0.01). Higher average fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO Mechanically ventilated neonates with or at risk of developing BPD, born at <30 week GA and initiated on dexamethasone to facilitate extubation, had a lower likelihood of successful extubation by Day 14 if they had younger GA at birth, and at the time of commencing steroids had higher MAPs and had higher oxygen requirements.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.PSYCHRES.2009.09.015
Abstract: Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to evaluate the factorial validity of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale in an alcohol-dependent s le. Several factor models were examined, but all models were rejected given their poor fit. A revision of the TAS-20 in alcohol-dependent populations may be needed.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 28-09-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Publisher: Scientific and Academic Publishing
Date: 31-08-2011
Publisher: OMICS Publishing Group
Date: 2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 10-02-2022
DOI: 10.3390/V14020366
Abstract: SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has wreaked havoc across the globe for the last two years. More than 300 million cases and over 5 million deaths later, we continue battling the first real pandemic of the 21st century. SARS-CoV-2 spread quickly, reaching most countries within the first half of 2020, and New Zealand was not an exception. Here, we describe the first isolation and characterization of SARS-CoV-2 variants during the initial virus outbreak in New Zealand. Patient-derived nasopharyngeal s les were used to inoculate Vero cells and, three to four days later, a cytopathic effect was observed in seven viral cultures. Viral growth kinetics was characterized using Vero and VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells. The identity of the viruses was verified by RT-qPCR, Western blot, indirect immunofluorescence assays, and electron microscopy. Whole-genome sequences were analyzed using two different yet complementary deep sequencing platforms (MiSeq/Illumina and Ion PGM™/Ion Torrent™), classifying the viruses as SARS-CoV-2 B.55, B.31, B.1, or B.1.369 based on the Pango Lineage nomenclature. All seven SARS-CoV-2 isolates were susceptible to remdesivir (EC50 values from 0.83 to 2.42 µM) and β-D-N4-hydroxycytidine (molnupiravir, EC50 values from 0.96 to 1.15 µM) but not to favipiravir ( µM). Interestingly, four SARS-CoV-2 isolates, carrying the D614G substitution originally associated with increased transmissibility, were more susceptible (2.4-fold) to a commercial monoclonal antibody targeting the spike glycoprotein than the wild-type viruses. Altogether, this seminal work allowed for early access to SARS-CoV-2 isolates in New Zealand, paving the way for numerous clinical and scientific research projects in the country, including the development and validation of diagnostic assays, antiviral strategies, and a national COVID-19 vaccine development program.
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-07-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-022-15386-1
Abstract: Overcoming colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CoR-AB) has become a major concern due to the lack of effective antibiotics. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of CoR-AB clinical isolates in Thailand, their mechanisms of resistance, and test the efficacy of colistin plus sulbactam against CoR-AB isolates. The colistin resistance rate among carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii was 15.14%. The mcr gene or its variants were not detected in CoR-AB isolates by PCR screening. The lipid A mass spectra of CoR-AB isolates showed the additional [M–H] − ion peak at m / z = 2034 that correlated to the phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) addition to lipid A (N = 27/30). The important amino acid substitutions were found at position S14P, A138T, A227V in PmrB that are associated with overexpression of the pEtN transferase (PmrC) and contributed the pEtN addition. The lipopolysacccharide production genes ( lpxACD ) were not related to lipid A mass spectra. A colistin plus sulbactam combination exhibited the synergy rate at 86.7% against CoR-AB isolates compare to sulbactam (85.89% resistance) or colistin (15.14% resistance) alone. The excellent synergistic activity of colistin plus sulbactam combination has the potential for the treatment of CoR-AB infections.
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 04-2018
Abstract: Cirrhotic patients are susceptible to drug toxicity, which presents frequently with antituberculosis drug (ATD) treatment. Previous studies of ATD-induced liver injury (ATDILI) in cirrhotics have been limited to patients with early-stage cirrhosis. To describe characteristics and determine risk factors for ATDILI in cirrhotic patients. We included 64 cirrhotic patients treated with ATDs between 2006 and 2016 in a tertiary referral university teaching hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Cirrhosis was diagnosed by radiological features, including small-sized nodular liver and/or caudate lobe hypertrophy or evidence of portal hypertension (collateral vessels, varices, and/or splenomegaly). Clinical information was retrospectively abstracted. Characteristics of patients with ATDILI vs. those without ATDILI were compared. Six (9.4%) patients developed ATDILI with the median duration from ATD initiation of 14 days (range: 6–66). All the 6 patients who developed ATDILI received 3 hepatotoxic ATDs (isoniazid, rif in, and pyrazinamide) and had Child–Turcotte–Pugh class B cirrhosis. The patients with ATDILI were found to have a higher percentage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection than patients without ATDILI (50% vs. 8.6% P = 0.02). Cirrhotic patients, particularly those with underlying HIV infection, are at risk of developing ATDILI. Pyrazinamide should be used cautiously in cirrhotic patients due to the significantly increased risk of ATIDLI. This study supports the current recommendation for the use of ATD in patients with cirrhosis however, the ATD regimen should be carefully selected, particularly for cirrhotic patients with HIV infection.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 21-02-2022
DOI: 10.3389/FIMMU.2022.825867
Abstract: Hypogammaglobulinemia is a condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) measurements are not widely accessible in numerous developing countries. Serum globulin is potentially the best candidate for screening of low IgG level (IgGLo) due to its high availability, low cost, and rapid turnover time. However, multiple factors may influence the probability of prediction. Our study aimed to establish a simple prediction model using serum globulin to predict the likelihood of IgGLo in children. For retrospective data of patients who were suspected of having IgGLo, both serum IgG and globulin were simultaneously collected and measured. Potential factors interfering with serum globulin and IgG levels were investigated for their impact using bivariate binary logistic regression. A multivariate binary logistic regression was used to generate a formula and score to predict IgGLo. We obtained 953 s les from 143 pediatric patients. A strong positive correlation between serum globulin and IgG levels was observed (r=0.83, p & 0.001). A screening test model using serum globulin and illness status was constructed to predict IgGLo. The formula for predicting IgGLo was generated as follows Predicted score = (2 x globulin (g/dl)) – illness condition score (well=0, sick=1). When the score was & , the patient has the probability of having IgGLo with a sensitivity of 0.78 (0.71, 0.84), a specificity of 0.71 (0.68, 0.74), PPV of 0.34 (0.29, 0.40) and NPV of 0.94 (0.92, 0.96). This formula will be useful as rapid and inexpensive screening tool for early IgGLo detection, particularly in countries/locations where serum IgG measurement is inaccessible.
Publisher: OMICS Publishing Group
Date: 2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2009
DOI: 10.1002/PON.1428
Abstract: To derive Australian normative scores for the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Population (FACT-GP) and to confirm its factor structure. Quality of life (QoL) data (as measured by the FACT-GP) were collected within the Queensland Cancer Risk Study (QCRS) in 2004. The QCRS explored cancer screening and cancer risk behaviours among 9419 English-speaking residents of Queensland aged 20-75 years. Information was collected through computer-assisted telephone interviews and augmented by mailed, Self-Administered Questionnaires (SAQ). A total of 2727 participants largely comparable to the general population of Queensland self-completed the FACT-GP however, participants were somewhat higher educated, more likely to have had cancer and less likely to be of indigenous heritage. The Queensland population reported a FACT-GP summary score of 85.9 (SD=15.1), with subscale scores (range: 19.2 for social well-being to 25.1 for physical well-being (PWB)). In this study, men and women within different age groups reported similar QoL. QoL was clinically and significantly lower among participants not married, with a body mass index (BMI) deviating from normal weight and with one or more self-reported morbidities. A four-factor solution was confirmed with good goodness-of-fit indices (RSMEA<0.05 for all three age groups). The reference values from the general population reported here can be used for comparison with the QoL measured in populations of cancer patients, providing a benchmark against which clinicians can evaluate the impact of the disease and/or the treatments on QoL.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2012
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 13-05-2015
Publisher: Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention
Date: 07-03-2016
DOI: 10.7314/APJCP.2016.17.2.851
Abstract: Breast cancer is a major health problem among women around the world. Recent developments in screening and treatment have greatly improved the prognosis of patients with breast cancer in developed countries. However, in developing countries breast cancer mortality remains high.Breast cancer awareness is a first and important step in reducing breast cancer mortality. The development of a validated instrument to measure breast cancer awareness is crucial for the understanding and implementation of suitable health education programs to facilitate early deletion and minimize mortality. The objective of this study was to develop an instrument for the assessment of breast cancer awareness in Thai women. This methodological study was conducted in two stages: (1) literature searches and semi-structured interviews were conducted to generate items of the breast cancer awareness scale (B-CAS) which were subsequently examined for content and face validity, and (2) an exploration of the factor structure of the resulting instrument and an examination of its reliability. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire in Thai women aged 20-64 in August, 2015. A total of 219 women (response rate 97.4 %) participated in this validation study. The B-CAS contains five domains with 53 items on breast cancer awareness: 1) knowledge of risk factors, 2) knowledge of signs and symptoms, 3) attitude to breast cancer prevention, 4) barriers of breast screening, and 5) health behavior related to breast cancer awareness. Items with a content validity index <0.80 were excluded, and factor structure for the remaining items reflected the hypothesized five factor model. The scales based on all retained items was shown to have strongly internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's α=0.86). The B-CAS provides good psychometric properties to assess breast cancer awareness in women. It can be used to examine breast cancer awareness in Thai women and it could lead to the development and evaluation of suitable educational interventions for raising breast cancer awareness. Future research should focus on further validating the B-CAS including an assessment of construct and criterion-based validity.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 02-02-2012
Abstract: We studied the acceptability and feasibility of delivering sun protection messages via electronic media such as short message services (SMS) to people aged 18–40 years. An online survey was conducted using a pre-established panel of volunteers. We compared the characteristics of those who indicated that they would like to be alerted to the UV index, with those who would not, using bivariate logistic regression. Characteristics found to be associated with a desire to receive such advice were entered into a multivariate logistic regression analysis. The median age of the 141 participants was 34 years. Overall, 80% of participants agreed that they would like to receive some form of sun protection advice. Of these, 20% preferred to receive it via SMS and 42% via email. Willingness to receive electronic messages about the UV index was associated with being unsure about whether a suntanned person would look healthy and greater use of sun protection in the past. Careful attention to message framing and timing of message delivery, and focus on the short-term effects of sun exposure such as sunburn and skin ageing should increase the acceptability of such messages to young people. Sun protection messages delivered to young adults via electronic media appear to be feasible and acceptable.
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-02-2023
DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17287
Abstract: Implementation of pathways to screen surgical patients for preoperative anemia and iron deficiency remains limited. This study sought to measure the impact of a theoretically informed, bespoke change package on improving the uptake of a Preoperative Anemia and Iron Deficiency Screening, Evaluation, and Management Pathway. Pre‐post interventional study using a type two hybrid‐effectiveness design evaluated implementation. Four hundred (400) patient medical record reviews provided the dataset (200 pre‐ and 200‐post implementation). The primary outcome measure was compliance with the pathway. Secondary outcome measures (clinical outcomes) were anemia on day of surgery, exposure to a red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, and hospital length of stay. Validated surveys facilitated data collection of implementation measures. Propensity score‐adjusted analyses determined the effect of the intervention on clinical outcomes, and a cost analysis determined the economic impact. For the primary outcome, compliance improved significantly post‐implementation (Odds Ratio 10.6 [95% CI 4.4–25.5] p .000). In secondary outcomes, adjusted analyses point estimates showed clinical outcomes were slightly improved for anemia on day of surgery (Odds Ratio 0.792 [95% CI 0.5–1.3] p = .32), RBC transfusion (Odds Ratio 0.86 [95% CI 0.41–1.78] p = .69) and hospital length of stay (Hazard Ratio 0.96 [95% CI 0.77–1.18] p = .67), although these were not statistically significant. Cost savings of $13,340 per patient were realized. Implementation outcomes were favorable for acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. The change package significantly improved compliance. The absence of a statistically significant change in clinical outcomes may be because the study was powered to detect an improvement in compliance only. Further prospective studies with larger s les are needed. Cost savings of $13,340 per patient were achieved and the change package was viewed favorably.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2013
DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2013.782851
Abstract: Early detection through whole-body Skin Self-Examination (wbSSE) may decrease mortality from melanoma. Using the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) or Health Belief Model (HBM) we aimed to assess determinants of uptake of wbSSE in 410 men 50 years of older who participated in the control group of a randomized trial. Overall, the HAPA was a significantly better predictor of wbSSE compared to the HBM (p < .001). The construct of self-efficacy in the HBM was a significant predictor of future wbSSE (p = .001), while neither perceived threat (p = .584) nor outcome expectations (p = .220) were. In contrast, self-efficacy, perceived threat, and outcome expectations predicted intention to perform SSE, which predicted behavior (p = .015). The HAPA construct volitional self-efficacy was also associated with wbSSE (p = .046). The use of the HAPA model for future SSE interventions for this population is warranted.
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 02-2016
DOI: 10.1037/ADB0000135
Abstract: Alexithymia is characterized by difficulty identifying feelings, difficulty describing feelings, and an externally oriented thinking style. Alexithymia has been described as a trait-like risk factor for the development of alcohol use disorders. Few studies have investigated the absolute (whether mean scores change over time) and relative (extent to which relative differences among in iduals remain the same over time) stability of alexithymia among men and women with alcohol dependence, or have considered potential underlying mechanisms. Social learning processes contribute to and maintain alcohol problems. The reinforcement of alcohol expectancies is one plausible mechanism that links the difficulties in emotional processing associated with alexithymia and alcohol use. The present study investigated the stability of alexithymia as well as alcohol expectancy as a mediator of alexithymia. Three hundred fifty-five alcohol-dependent patients were enrolled in a cognitive behavioral treatment program. Ninety-two alcohol-dependent patients completed assessments at baseline and at 3-month follow-up. Results indicated that total Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20 Bagby, Parker, & Taylor, 1994) mean score, difficulty identifying feelings, and difficulty describing feelings decreased significantly over time with a larger decrease in alexithymia mean scores for females. Externally oriented thinking mean scores did not change. The TAS-20 and its subfactors demonstrated significant correlations, from baseline to follow-up, which were stronger for males than for females. Regression analyses showed that the total TAS-20 mean scores, difficulty identifying feelings, and difficulty describing feelings were partially mediated through assertion alcohol expectancies. In conclusion, this suggests that alexithymia has relative stability and is a trait-like factor among alcohol-dependent treatment seekers.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-04-2017
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/RJ07032
Abstract: Species composition under tree canopies often differs from that of surrounding micro-environments. In arid and semi-arid zones, trees can be beneficial to understorey vegetation. This study examined zones of vegetation composition and soil physiochemical parameters associated with Geijera parviflora Lindl. The importance of shade, rainfall redistribution, seed bank and soil moisture were examined. Species abundance, soil moisture, seed bank composition, rainfall redistribution and soil nutrient concentration were measured under five randomly selected mature G. parviflora trees in south-western New South Wales, Australia. To complement the findings from this study, artificial shade plots were constructed in a canopy-free area and species abundance measured seven months after shade construction. The study demonstrated that G. parviflora was associated with zonation of understorey vegetation. Two zones of understorey vegetation were found in relation to G. parviflora: (i) under the tree canopy with high species ersity, and (ii) beyond the canopy, this community being dominated by Dissocarpus paradoxus throughout the year with Crassula colorata appearing after rainfall. The zone beyond the canopy also had lower soil nutrient concentrations. Soil moisture, nutrient concentration and the seed bank density were significantly higher under the canopy. However, the canopy reduced precipitation reaching the soil surface. The effects of the canopy on understorey species composition and soil moisture were enhanced after winter rainfall. Artificial shade increased species abundance and richness under a 90%-shading treatment. The results indicated that G. parviflora generated spatial heterogeneity over the broader plant community increasing species richness, abundance and ersity under the canopy. This emphasises the importance of arid zone trees in conserving understorey plant ersity. Shading, soil nutrient concentration and increased seed bank density and soil moisture appeared to be key influences on the plant communities under the canopy.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1071/MF05139
Abstract: Exotic willows (Salix spp.) are widespread riparian tree species of rivers in temperate Australia and New Zealand. Despite being considered as a weed of national significance, little is known about the habitat value of willows and the impact on aquatic biota of vegetation change following willow management programmes. Macroinvertebrate fauna in root habitats of willows and Phragmites australis habitats were examined in three central Victorian rivers to understand the effect of such littoral habitat changes on macroinvertebrates. Data were analysed using Partially Nested Factorial ANOVA with season, river and habitat as main effects. Habitat structure had a significant effect (P 0.05) on macroinvertebrate community assemblage. However, effect of habitat was not consistent among seasons. The greatest community differences among habitats were observed during winter and least separation during autumn. Taxa responsible for community differences among habitats were also identified. Species richness and abundance did not show consistent variation among habitats over different rivers or seasons. This study provided some indication of the macroinvertebrate community changes that would take place in situations where riparian vegetation changes takes place from willows to P. australis.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 05-01-2017
Abstract: The utility of the ear crease sign, anterior tragal crease (ATC), as a marker of atherosclerosis is yet to be established. The intima–media thickness of the common carotid artery (IMT-CCA) has been used as a noninvasive surrogate marker for atherosclerosis. History of traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis was obtained from 147 volunteers ear examination was also performed and venous blood was drawn for laboratory analysis. The volunteers then underwent an ultrasonography measurement of the IMT-CCA. In univariate analysis, presence of ATC, age, underlying hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, cigarette smoking, low-density lipoprotein, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were significantly associated with the IMT-CCA. Further multivariate analysis confirmed a significant association between the presence of ATC and IMT-CCA, when adjusted for other factors (adjusted β ATC = .010, 95% confidence interval: 0.0021-0.019). Anterior tragal crease is a potential clinical sign that can predict atherosclerosis. The sign is easily recognizable and may help health-care professionals to identify those at risk of atherosclerosis, especially in people with no clinical signs of the disease.
Publisher: Editorial Committee of Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Infectious Dis
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2023
DOI: 10.1093/JTM/TAAD096
Abstract: High population density and tourism in Southeast Asia increase the risk of mpox due to frequent interpersonal contacts. Our wastewater surveillance in six Southeast Asian countries revealed positive signals for Monkeypox virus (MPXV) DNA, indicating local transmission. This alerts clinicians and helps allocate resources like testing, vaccines and therapeutics in resource-limited countries.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2018
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S171636
Publisher: Medical Journals Sweden AB
Date: 2018
Abstract: Adult-onset immunodeficiency due to anti-interferon-γ autoantibody is an emerging acquired immunodeficiency with frequent skin manifestations. A retrospective chart review was conducted and identified 41 patients with the syndrome. Skin involvement was detected in 33 (80%) patients, 15 (45%) with infective skin diseases and 27 (82%) with reactive skin disorders. Reactive lesions were mostly neutrophilic dermatoses, e.g. Sweet syndrome. Of note, the presence of neutrophilic dermatoses was highly associated with infections of other sites. An adjusted odds ratio for the existence of infections in patients with neutrophilic dermatoses was 14.79 (95% CI: 5.13, 42.70 p < 0.001). Moreover, neutrophilic dermatoses were significantly correlated with opportunistic infections observed in those with defects in cell-mediated immunity including non-tuberculous mycobacterium and disseminated fungal infection. The odds ratio for opportunistic infections in the presence of neutrophilic dermatoses was 12.35 (95% CI: 5.00, 30.55 p <0.001). Thus, the presence of neutrophilic dermatoses in patients with the syndrome can signal opportunistic infections that warrant physician attention.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-2021
DOI: 10.2147/JMDH.S313309
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 29-04-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-04-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-42353-0
Abstract: Despite strengthened antimicrobial therapy, biofilm infections of Acinetobacter baumannii are associated with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Assessing antibiotics on planktonic bacteria can result in failure against biofilm infections. Currently, antibiotics to treat biofilm infections are administered empirically, usually without considering the susceptibility of the biofilm objectively before beginning treatment. For effective therapy to resolve biofilm infections it is essential to assess the efficacy of commonly used antibiotics against biofilms. Here, we offer a robust and simple assay to assess the efficacy of antibiotics against biofilms. In the present work, we carefully optimized the incubation time, detection range, and fluorescence reading mode for resazurin-based viability staining of biofilms in 96-well-plates and determined minimal biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) for A. baumannii isolates from patients with chronic infection. By applying this assay, we demonstrated that antibiotic response patterns varied uniquely within the biofilm formation of various clinical s les. MBEC-50 and 75 have significant discriminatory power over minimum inhibitory concentrations for planktonic suspensions to differentiate the overall efficiency of an antibiotic to eradicate a biofilm. The present assay is an ideal platform on which to assess the efficacy of antibiotics against biofilms in vitro to pave the way for more effective therapy.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-03-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12941-020-00350-6
Abstract: Treatment of infections by Pseudomonas aeruginosa forming biofilms after antimicrobial testing on planktonic bacteria can result in substantial failure. Therefore, we offer a robust and simple experimental platform to test the impact of antimicrobials on biofilms. Antibiotic response patterns varied uniquely within biofilm formation capacity and minimal biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) has a significantly better discriminatory power than minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) to differentiate the overall efficiency of antibiotics to eradicate biofilm. Our resazurin-based 96-well-plate platform is able to emulate bacterial responses to antibiotics under biofilm conditions in a fast, simple, and cost-effective screening method adaptable to automation, and warrants trials in the clinic.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-07-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-022-17083-5
Abstract: The global prevalence of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (ColRkp) facilitated by chromosomal and plasmid-mediated Ara4N or PEtN-remodeled LPS alterations has steadily increased with increased colistin usage for treating carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRkp). Our study demonstrated the rising trend of ColRkp showing extensively and pandrug-resistant characteristics among CRkp, with a prevalence of 28.5%, which was mediated by chromosomal mgrB , pmrB, or phoQ mutations (91.5%), and plasmid-mediated mcr-1.1, mcr-8.1, mcr-8.2 alone or in conjunction with R256G PmrB (8.5%). Several genetic alterations in mgrB (85.1%) with increased expressions of Ara4N-related phoPQ and pmrK were critical for establishing colistin resistance in our isolates. In this study, we discovered the significant associations between extensively drug-resistant bacteria (XDR) and pandrug-resistant bacteria (PDR) ColRkp in terms of moderate, weak or no biofilm-producing abilities, and altered expressions of virulence factors. These ColRkp would therefore be very challenging to treat, emphasizing for innovative therapy to combat these infections. Regardless of the underlying colistin-resistant mechanisms, colistin-EDTA combination therapy in this study produced potent synergistic effects in both in vitro and in vivo murine bacteremia, with no ColRkp regrowth and improved animal survival, implying the significance of colistin-EDTA combination therapy as systemic therapy for unlocking colistin resistance in ColRkp-associated bacteremia.
Publisher: PeerJ
Date: 23-05-2022
DOI: 10.7717/PEERJ.13398
Abstract: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. In recent decades the prevalence of this disease has increased alarmingly in lower to middle income countries, where their resource-limited health care systems have struggled to meet this increased burden. Improving patient self-care by improving diabetes knowledge and diabetes management self-efficacy represents a feasible way of ameliorating the impact of T2D on the patient, and the health care system. Unfortunately, the relationships between self-efficacy, diabetes self-management, and thereafter, patient outcomes, are still far from well understood. Although a domain-specific measure of diabetes management self-efficacy, the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMSES), has been validated in the Thai T2D population, more general measures of self-efficacy, such as the General Self-Efficacy scale (GSE) have not been validated in this population. In this paper we translate and examine the psychometric properties of the GSE in Thais living with T2D. In this nation-wide study we examined the psychometric properties of the GSE in 749 Thais diagnosed with T2D within the last five years, and evaluated its relationship with the DMSES along with other patient characteristics. Reliability of GSE was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, and the construct validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis, along with GSE’s convergence and discrimination from DMSES. The Thai version of the GSE was shown to have good psychometric properties in Thais living with T2D. Cronbach’s alpha was shown to be 0.87 (95% CI [0.86, 0.88]). We also demonstrated the structural validity of the GSE (Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.994, Cumulative Fit Index = 0.995, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index = 0.998, Root Mean Square Error of Approximations = 0.025, 95% CI [0.06–0.039]), and that this instrument has a similar structure in Thais as in other populations. GSE was also shown to have some overlap with the DMSES with correlations among GSE and the DMSES domains ranging from 0.18 to 0.26, but also the GSE has substantial discrimination from DMSES (Disattenuated correlation coefficient = 0.283, 95% CI [0.214–0.352], p 0.001). This suggests that while general and diabetes management self-efficacy are somewhat associated, there are aspects of diabetes management self-efficacy not captured by the more stable general self-efficacy. We demonstrate that the Thai GSE is a reliable and valid measure. We believe the GSE may represent a useful tool to examine the efficacy of proposed and existing diabetes self-management, and management self-efficacy interventions.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-12-2016
DOI: 10.1002/NUR.21777
Abstract: Self-management plays a vital role in diabetes management for adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). While there are many people with T2DM in Vietnam, clinical understanding of diabetes self-management (DSM) in this context is limited due to the lack of a valid measurement instrument. Translation and back-translation processes were used to translate the Diabetes Self-Management Instrument (DSMI) into Vietnamese. Then, translation equivalence, face validity, construct validity, and internal consistency were assessed in a s le of 198 Vietnamese adults with T2DM. The Cronbach's alpha of the V-DSMI was .92, with a number of significant inter-item correlations. The Vietnamese version of the Diabetes Self-Management Instrument (V-DSMI) retained the meaning of the original English version, and the language of the V-DSMI was clearly understandable to adults with T2DM in Vietnam. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the goodness of fit between the data and the previously identified factor structure. These results indicated that the V-DSMI is acceptable for use with Vietnamese adults with T2DM in further practice and research. However, future studies would be beneficial to determine the test-retest reliability and criterion validity of the V-DSMI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-06-2013
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 28-07-2017
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 12-2017
Abstract: Oral mucositis is a major cause of pain and delayed cancer treatment leading to poor survival in head and neck cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiation. The study evaluated the effect of adjuvant melatonin on minimizing oral mucositis complications to reduce these treatment delays and interruptions. A randomized, double-blind, double dummy, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Ubon Ratchathani Cancer Hospital, Thailand. Thirty-nine head and neck cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiation (5 days/week of radiation plus chemotherapy three or six cycles). Patients were randomized to receive 20 mg melatonin gargle (or matched placebo) before each irradiation, and 20 mg melatonin capsules (or matched placebo) taken nightly during 7 weeks of concurrent chemoradiation. Endpoints were oral mucositis events (incidence and time to grade 3 mucositis or grade 2 xerostomia), pain medication consumption and quality of life (QOL). Melatonin group reported lower incidence of grade 3 oral mucositis (42% vs. 55%) and grade 2 xerostomia (20% vs. 21%) no statistical significance was detected. Melatonin regimen delayed onset of grade 3 mucositis (median 34 days vs. 50 days p = 0.0318), allowing median time of 16 more patient visits before its onset and fewer interrupted treatments due to oral mucositis were reported (n = 1 vs. n = 5). There was no difference of grade 2 xerostomia (median 32 days vs. 50 days p = 0.624). Morphine consumption was also reduced (median 57 mg vs. 0 mg p = 0.0342), while QOL was comparable during the study period. Adjuvant melatonin delayed the onset of oral mucositis, which enables uninterrupted cancer treatment and reduced the amount of morphine used for pain treatment.
Publisher: Korean Diabetes Association
Date: 2015
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2016
DOI: 10.1111/AP.12127
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVINT.2013.11.002
Abstract: Weather variables, mainly temperature and humidity influence vectors, viruses, human biology, ecology and consequently the intensity and distribution of the vector-borne diseases. There is evidence that warmer temperature due to climate change will influence the dengue transmission. However, long term scenario-based projections are yet to be developed. Here, we assessed the impact of weather variability on dengue transmission in a megacity of Dhaka, Bangladesh and projected the future dengue risk attributable to climate change. Our results show that weather variables particularly temperature and humidity were positively associated with dengue transmission. The effects of weather variables were observed at a lag of four months. We projected that assuming a temperature increase of 3.3°C without any adaptation measure and changes in socio-economic condition, there will be a projected increase of 16,030 dengue cases in Dhaka by the end of this century. This information might be helpful for the public health authorities to prepare for the likely increase of dengue due to climate change. The modelling framework used in this study may be applicable to dengue projection in other cities.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-10-2008
Abstract: Cystic fibrosis is the most common fatal genetic disorder in the Caucasian population. Scoring systems for assessment of Cystic fibrosis disease severity have been used for almost 50 years, without being adapted to the milder phenotype of the disease in the 21 st century. The aim of this current project is to develop a new scoring system using a database and employing various statistical tools. This study protocol reports the development of the statistical tools in order to create such a scoring system. The evaluation is based on the Cystic Fibrosis database from the cohort at the Royal Children's Hospital in Melbourne. Initially, unsupervised clustering of the all data records was performed using a range of clustering algorithms. In particular incremental clustering algorithms were used. The clusters obtained were characterised using rules from decision trees and the results examined by clinicians. In order to obtain a clearer definition of classes expert opinion of each in idual's clinical severity was sought. After data preparation including expert-opinion of an in idual's clinical severity on a 3 point-scale (mild, moderate and severe disease), two multivariate techniques were used throughout the analysis to establish a method that would have a better success in feature selection and model derivation: 'Canonical Analysis of Principal Coordinates' and 'Linear Discriminant Analysis'. A 3-step procedure was performed with (1) selection of features, (2) extracting 5 severity classes out of a 3 severity class as defined per expert-opinion and (3) establishment of calibration datasets. (1) Feature selection: CAP has a more effective "modelling" focus than DA. (2) Extraction of 5 severity classes: after variables were identified as important in discriminating contiguous CF severity groups on the 3-point scale as mild/moderate and moderate/severe, Discriminant Function (DF) was used to determine the new groups mild, intermediate moderate, moderate, intermediate severe and severe disease. (3) Generated confusion tables showed a misclassification rate of 19.1% for males and 16.5% for females, with a majority of misallocations into adjacent severity classes particularly for males. Our preliminary data show that using CAP for detection of selection features and Linear DA to derive the actual model in a CF database might be helpful in developing a scoring system. However, there are several limitations, particularly more data entry points are needed to finalize a score and the statistical tools have further to be refined and validated, with re-running the statistical methods in the larger dataset.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-07-1970
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-3156.2012.03038.X
Abstract: To examine the space-time clustering of dengue fever (DF) transmission in Bangladesh using geographical information system and spatial scan statistics (SaTScan). We obtained data on monthly suspected DF cases and deaths by district in Bangladesh for the period of 2000-2009 from Directorate General of Health Services. Population and district boundary data of each district were collected from national census managed by Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. To identify the space-time clusters of DF transmission a discrete Poisson model was performed using SaTScan software. Space-time distribution of DF transmission was clustered during three periods 2000-2002, 2003-2005 and 2006-2009. Dhaka was the most likely cluster for DF in all three periods. Several other districts were significant secondary clusters. However, the geographical range of DF transmission appears to have declined in Bangladesh over the last decade. There were significant space-time clusters of DF in Bangladesh over the last decade. Our results would prompt future studies to explore how social and ecological factors may affect DF transmission and would also be useful for improving DF control and prevention programs in Bangladesh.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.COLEGN.2012.06.004
Abstract: The results of the few studies found investigating relationships between sociodemographic variables and job satisfaction in nurses are mixed. Nevertheless some evidence exists which indicates that some socio-demographic variables are related to nurses' job satisfaction. Moreover reports indicate that job satisfaction is Linked to the retention of nurses. Relationships between socio-demographics and job satisfaction of Australian nurses are examined in the current study. To examine relationships between socio-demographic factors and job satisfaction and identify if these factors predicted job satisfaction Levels in Australian nurses. A cross sectional survey was conducted of 2000 Australian registered nurses who were at the time members of an industrial and professional organisation. The nurses were randomised and stratified according to gender and were asked to answer questions on a socio-demographic questionnaire developed by the researcher. The majority of respondents showed positive job satisfaction scores. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) found the covariates age, years of experience and years in current job were all moderately to highly positively correlated with each other (all r > 0.40, p < 0.001), however there were no significant interactions between these covariates and Job Satisfaction. Multivariable analysis found significant positive relationships existed between job satisfaction, specialty area and health sector. Specialty area and health sector showed significant associations with job satisfaction in nurses. These variables should be considered by governments, nursing, organisational leaders and policy makers when developing future policies and strategies aimed at retention. These variables should be investigated further in relation to nursing job satisfaction.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Medical Association of Thailand
Date: 15-10-2021
Publisher: EpiSmart Science Vector Ltd
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-01-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-05-2014
DOI: 10.1111/IJN.12327
Abstract: The purpose of the study was to undertake rigorous psychometric testing of the Caring Efficacy Scale in a s le of Registered Nurses. A cross-sectional survey of 2000 registered nurses was undertaken. The Caring Efficacy Scale was utilized to inform the psychometric properties of the selected items of the Caring Efficacy Scale. Cronbach's Alpha identified reliability of the data. Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were undertaken to validate the factors. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the development of two factors Confidence to Care and Doubts and Concerns. The Caring Efficacy Scale has undergone rigorous psychometric testing, affording evidence of internal consistency and goodness-of-fit indices within satisfactory ranges. The Caring Efficacy Scale is valid for use in an Australian population of registered nurses. The scale can be used as a subscale or total score reflective of self-efficacy in nursing. This scale may assist nursing educators to predict levels of caring efficacy.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-04-2017
The Effect of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on Retinal Microvascular Changes in Diabetic Macular Edema Using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-2020
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S270410
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-05-2019
DOI: 10.1093/NDT/GFZ087
Abstract: Etiologies for acute kidney injury (AKI) vary by geographic region and socioeconomic status. While considerable information is now available on AKI in the Americas, Europe and China, large comprehensive epidemiologic studies of AKI from Southeast Asia (SEA) are still lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the rates and characteristics of AKI among intensive care unit (ICU) patients in Thailand. We conducted the largest prospective observational study of AKI in SEA. The data were serially collected on the first 28 days of ICU admission by registration in electronic web-based format. AKI status was defined by full Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcome criteria. We used AKI occurrence as the clinical outcome and explored the impact of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors on the development and progression of AKI. We enrolled 5476 patients from 17 ICU centres across Thailand from February 2013 to July 2015. After excluding patients with end-stage renal disease and those with incomplete data, AKI occurred in 2471 of 4668 patients (52.9%). Overall, the maximum AKI stage was Stage 1 in 7.5%, Stage 2 in 16.5% and Stage 3 in 28.9%. In the multivariable adjusted model, we found that older age, female sex, admission to a regional hospital, medical ICU, high body mass index, primary diagnosis of cardiovascular-related disease and infectious disease, higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, non-renal Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores, underlying anemia and use of vasopressors were all independent risk factors for AKI development. In Thai ICUs, AKI is very common. Identification of risk factors of AKI development will help in the development of a prognostic scoring model for this population and should help in decision making for timely intervention, ultimately leading to better clinical outcomes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.DRUGALCDEP.2010.11.015
Abstract: Up to fifty percent of alcohol dependent in iduals have alexithymia, a personality trait characterised by difficulties identifying and describing feelings, a lack of imagination and an externalised cognitive style. Although studies have examined alexithymia in relation to alcohol dependence, no research exists on mechanisms underlying this relationship. The present study examined the mediational effect of alcohol expectancies on alexithymia and alcohol dependence. 230 outpatients completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Drinking Expectancy Questionnaire (DEQ) and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Regression analysis showed that alexithymia and alcohol dependence was, in two of three cases, partially mediated through alcohol expectancy. Alcohol expectancies of assertion and affective change show promise as mediators of alcohol dependence in in iduals with alexithymia.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-05-2020
DOI: 10.1111/MICC.12622
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2013.11.042
Abstract: To assess the impact of exposure to ambient heat on urolithiasis among outdoor workers in a subtropical city of China. The 2003-2010 health check data of a shipbuilding company in Guangzhou, China were acquired. 190 cases and 760 matched controls were involved in this study. We assessed the relationship between exposure to ambient heat and urolithiasis for different occupations using conditional logistic regression. Spray painters were most likely to develop urolithiasis (OR=4.4 95% CI: 1.7, 11.4), followed by smelter workers (OR=4.0 95% CI: 1.8, 9.2), welders (OR=3.7 95% CI: 1.9, 7.2), production security and quality inspectors (OR=2.7 95% CI: 1.4, 3.0), and assemblers (OR=2.2 95% CI: 1.1, 4.3). Overall, outdoor workers were more likely to present with urolithiasis compared with indoor employees (p<0.05). In addition, workers with longer cumulative exposure time (OR=1.5 95% CI: 1.2, 1.8) and abnormal blood pressure (OR=1.6 95% CI: 1.0, 2.5) had higher risk for urolithiasis. Our findings demonstrate a significant association between exposure to ambient heat and urolithiasis among outdoor working populations. Public health intervention strategies should be developed to specifically target outdoor occupations.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-11-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-10-2017
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1155/2017/2503156
Abstract: Objective. The aims of this study were to translate and psychometrically evaluate the Thai version of diabetes management self-efficacy scale (T-DMSES) and to examine its association with HbA1c control in diabetic in iduals. Methods . This study recruited patients from outpatient diabetes clinics of both community and university hospitals. The first phases of this study involved translation of the existing DMSES into Thai, and in the second phase, we evaluated its psychometric properties. The construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. Criterion validity of DMSES was subsequently evaluated by examining DMSES’s association with HbA1c control. Results . The T-DMSES contains 20 items across four factors. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated the construct validity of T-DMSES ( χ 2 = 645.142 , df = 164, p 0.001 , CFI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.065, TLI = 0.977, and AGFI = 0.981). The T-DMSES was also shown to be criterion valid with most subscales highly associated with HbA1c control. Conclusion . The T-DMSES was shown to have good psychometric properties. It is likely to provide valuable insights into the epidemiology of diabetes management self-efficacy and may also prove useful in evaluating interventions for raising diabetes management self-efficacy, which in turn, improve both patient self-management and blood sugar control.
Publisher: International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Date: 03-2017
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. However, anti-tuberculosis drugs can cause cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs). This study was conducted to evaluate differences in CADR incidence between low and high CD4 cell count in patients with low and high CD4 cell count and to identify other risk factors for CADR in HIV-TB co-infected patients. In a retrospective cohort of adult HIV-TB co-infected patients receiving standard anti-tuberculosis treatment between January 2008 and December 2015 at Vajira Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, baseline demographic, clinical characteristics and factors associated with CADRs, including CD4 cell count status, were collected. Of 307 patients enrolled, CADRs occurred in 48 during the 6-month period of anti-tuberculosis treatment (incidence rate 0.41 events erson-year). Maculopapular rash was the most prevalent CADR. Low CD4 cell count was not associated with CADRs. Cox regression analysis revealed that moderate decrease in the glomerular filtration rate, history of drug hypersensitivity and concomitant cotrimoxazole use were all associated with CADRs. Concomitant antiretroviral therapy use was associated with lower risk of CADRs. No difference in the time to CADRs between patients with lower and higher CD4 cell count could be demonstrated. CADRs are common in HIV-TB co-infected patients. Early recognition and prompt withdrawal of the offending agent can prevent complications and improve TB care.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-11-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S00464-017-5966-2
Abstract: Although previous studies have reported the possibility of therapeutic ERCP without fluoroscopy, more robust documentation of fluoroscopy-free common bile duct stone (CBDS) clearance is needed. Technically, "digital cholangioscopy" (DCS) may be used to confirm CBDS clearance. We aimed to compare the feasibility, safety, and radiation exposure between patients with CBDS undergoing stone removal by DCS and conventional ERCP (cERCP). Fifty (50) consecutive patients with a CBDS size < 15 mm underwent DCS (SpyGlass DS Direct Visualization System, Boston Scientific, Marlboro, MA, USA) between December 2015 and October 2016. Of 202 consecutive patients undergoing cERCP during the same time frame, 50 matched pairs were created using propensity score matching analysis. In the DCS group, patients underwent biliary cannulation and CBDS removal without fluoroscopy followed by DCS to confirm complete CBDS clearance. A final occlusion cholangiogram was performed as the current standard of care to confirm CBDS clearance. Cannulation success rates were similar between the DCS and cERCP groups (98 vs. 98%). By intention-to-treat analysis, CBDS clearance in the DCS and cERCP groups was not different (90 vs. 98% p = 0.20, respectively). DCS had successful CBDS removal in 45 cases, whereas 5 (10%) failed for clearance by DCS due to technical limitations. Adverse events were not different between both groups. In the management of uncomplicated CBDS, our data confirmed the feasibility of DCS for CBDS clearance as it showed efficacy and safety comparable to those of cERCP. Although certain conditions may limit its effectiveness, DCS offers the ability to perform CBDS clearance without the need for fluoroscopy unit and can avoid radiation exposure while ERCP under fluoroscopy remains the current standard of care in patients with CBDS.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-06-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S12884-022-04795-9
Abstract: There are very few developed countries where physical isolation and low community transmission has been reported for COVID-19 but this has been the experience of Australia. The impact of physical isolation combined with low disease transmission on the mental health of pregnant women is currently unknown and there have been no studies examining the psychological experience for partners of pregnant women during lockdown. The aim of the current study was to examine the impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown in March 2020 and post lockdown from August 2020 on the mental health of pregnant women or postpartum women and their partners. Pregnant women and their partners were prospectively recruited to the study before 24 weeks gestation and completed various questionnaires related to mental health and general wellbeing at 24 weeks gestation and then again at 6 weeks postpartum. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used as outcome measures for the assessment of mental health in women and DASS-21 was administered to their partners. This analysis encompasses 3 time points where families were recruited before the pandemic (Aug 2018-Feb 2020), during lockdown (Mar-Aug 2020) and after the first lockdown was over (Sept-Dec 2020). There was no significant effect of COVID-19 lockdown and post lockdown on depression or postnatal depression in women when compared to a pre-COVID-19 subgroup. The odds of pregnant women or postpartum women experiencing severe anxiety was more than halved in women during lockdown relative to women in the pre-COVID-19 period (OR = 0.47 95%CI: 0.27–0.81 P = 0.006). Following lockdown severe anxiety was comparable to the pre-COVID-19 women. Lockdown did not have any substantial effects on stress scores for pregnant and postpartum women. However, a substantial decrease of over 70% in the odds of severe stress was observed post-lockdown relative to pre-COVID-19 levels. Partner’s depression, anxiety and stress did not change significantly with lockdown or post lockdown. A reproductive age population appear to be able to manage the impact of lockdown and the pandemic with some benefits related to reduced anxiety.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1071/RJ04010
Abstract: Observations are presented on the natural regeneration of Eucalyptus victrix L. Johnson and K. Hill (coolibah), the dominant tree species of grassy woodlands on the floodplain of the Fortescue River, north of Newman in the Pilbara district of Western Australia. The main objectives of this study were to examine: (i) survival of newly recruited E. victrix seedlings on flooded and burnt sites, and (ii) growth and survival of established plants in a gilgaied landscape. Populations of newly-recruited seedlings following flooding or fire were monitored opportunistically at 'Marillana' and 'Ethel Creek' stations, for up to two years from tagging. A population of saplings at 'Roy Hill' station was observed over eight years. Seedling densities of E. victrix in flooded sites were 0.32 and 1.03 plants/m2 in 1995 and 1997 respectively. Locally high densities reached from 1.2 to 17.7 plants/m2 on areas of 28 and 6 m2 respectively. At the burnt site at 'Ethel Creek', 1.30 plants/m2 were observed where 58 seedlings were recorded on an area of 445 m2 a year after a natural fire. Many of these persisted well into their second year, whereas seedlings recruited in the flooded sites generally lasted less than a year (250-376 days). In contrast, persistence of a cohort of 100 established saplings 2 m tall in a gilgaied landscape at 'Roy Hill' was high. During 8 years of observations, only one sapling was lost. Those found at the edges of gilgais had attained greater heights (3.91 � 1.14 m) than saplings located inside (3.16 � 0.95 m) or on top (3.12 � 0.93 m) of the gilgais. This study demonstrates that the seedling stage in E. victrix is critical, in that once newly recruited in iduals reach the sapling stage (0.611 m), mortality rates are much reduced. Unfortunately, it was not possible during the course of this study to locate a cohort of young seedlings that did survive and so any consideration of the conditions necessary for their survival is purely speculative.
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 02-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-05-2006
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 29-10-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-04-2015
Publisher: EpiSmart Science Vector Ltd
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-01-2017
DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2015.1120199
Abstract: Policy provision for naps is typical in child care settings, but there is variability in the practices employed. One practice that might modify children's early sleep patterns is the allocation of a mandatory nap time in which all children are required to lie on their beds without alternate activity permitted. There is currently limited evidence of the effects of such practices on children's napping patterns. This study examined the association between duration of mandatory nap times and group-level napping patterns in child care settings. Observations were undertaken in a community s le of 113 preschool rooms with a scheduled nap time (N = 2,114 children). Results showed that 83.5% of child care settings implemented a mandatory nap time (range = 15-145 min) while 14.2% provided alternate activities for children throughout the nap time period. Overall, 31% of children napped during nap times. Compared to rooms with ≤ 30 min of mandatory nap time, rooms with 31-60 min and > 60 min of mandatory nap time had a two-and-a-half and fourfold increase, respectively, in the proportion of children napping. Nap onset latency did not significantly differ across groups. Among preschool children, exposure to longer mandatory nap times in child care may increase incidence of napping.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 20-10-2018
Abstract: To adapted the Drug Hypersensitivity Quality of Life (DrHy-Q) Questionnaire from Italian into Thai and assessed its validity and reliability. Prospectively recruited during January 2012–May 2017. Multicenter six Thai tertiary university hospitals. Total of 306 patients with physician-diagnosed drug hypersensitivity. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were evaluated among 68 participants using Cronbach’s ɑ and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). The validity of Thai DrHy-Q was assessed among 306 participants who completed World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI). Construct and ergent validities were assessed for Thai DrHy-Q. Known-groups validity assessing discriminating ability was conducted in Thai DrHy-Q and WHOQOL-BREF-THAI. Validity reliability single vs. multiple drug allergy non-severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR) vs. SCAR. Thai DrHy-Q showed good reliability (Cronbach’s ɑ = 0.94 and ICC = 0.8). Unidimensional factor structure was established by confirmatory factor analysis (CFI& TLI = 0.999, RMSEA = 0.02). Divergent validity was confirmed by weak correlation between Thai DrHy-Q and WHOQOL-BREF-THAI domains (Pearson’s r = −0.41 to −0.19). Known-groups validity of Thai DrHy-Q was confirmed with significant difference between patients with and without life-threatening SCAR (P = 0.02) and patients with multiple implicated drug classes vs. those with one class (P 0.01) while WHOQOL-BREF-THAI could differentiate presence of life-threatening SCAR (P 0.01) but not multiple-drug allergy. Thai DrHy-Q was reliable and valid in evaluating quality of life among patients with drug hypersensitivity. Thai DrHy-Q was able to discriminate serious drug allergy phenotypes from non-serious manifestations in clinical practice and capture more specific drug-hypersensitivity aspects than WHOQOL-BREF-THAI.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-11-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12910-020-00563-6
Abstract: There has been considerable investment and strategic planning to introduce genomic testing into Australia’s public health system. As more patients’ genomic data is being held by the public health system, there will be increased requests from researchers to access this data. It is important that public policy reflects public expectations for how genomic data that is generated from clinical tests is used. To inform public policy and discussions around genomic data sharing, we sought public opinions on using genomic data contained in medical records for research purposes in the Australian state of Queensland. A total of 1494 participants completed an online questionnaire between February and May 2019. Participants were adults living in Australia. The questionnaire explored participant preferences for sharing genomic data or biological s les with researchers, and concerns about genomic data sharing. Most participants wanted to be given the choice to have their genomic data from medical records used in research. Their expectations on whether and how often they needed to be approached for permission on using their genomic data, depended on whether the data was identifiable or anonymous. Their willingness to sharing data for research purposes depended on the type of information being shared, what type of research would be undertaken and who would be doing the research. Participants were most concerned with genomics data sharing that could lead to discrimination (insurance and employment), data being used for marketing, data security, or commercial use. Most participants were willing to share their genomic data from medical records with researchers, as long as permission for use was sought. However, the existing policies related to this process in Queensland do not reflect participant expectations for how this is achieved, particularly with anonymous genomics data. This inconsistency may be addressed by process changes, such as inclusion of research in addition to clinical consent or general research data consent programs.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-02-2020
DOI: 10.1111/GGI.13884
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-04-2023
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1136/BMJPO-2018-000424
Abstract: The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model using maternal, intrapartum and ultrasound variables for a composite of severe adverse neonatal outcomes (SANO) in term infants. Prospectively collected observational study. Mixed effects generalised linear models were used for modelling. Internal validation was performed using the K-fold cross-validation technique. This was a study of women that birthed at the Mater Mother’s Hospital in Brisbane, Australia between January 2010 and April 2017. We included all term, non-anomalous singleton pregnancies that had an ultrasound performed between 36 and 38 weeks gestation and had recordings for the umbilical artery pulsatility index, middle cerebral artery pulsatility index and the estimated fetal weight (EFW). The components of the SANO were: severe acidosis arterial, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, Apgar score of ≤3 at 5 min or perinatal death. There were 5439 women identified during the study period that met the inclusion criteria, with 11.7% of this cohort having SANO. The final generalised linear mixed model consisted of the following variables: maternal ethnicity, socioeconomic score, nulliparity, induction of labour, method of birth and z-scores for EFW and cerebroplacental ratio. The final model had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.71. The results of this study demonstrate it is possible to predict infants that are at risk of SANO at term with moderate accuracy using a combination of maternal, intrapartum and ultrasound variables. Cross-validation analysis suggests a high calibration of the model.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.MATURITAS.2010.06.007
Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the factors that influence midlife women to make positive exercise and dietary changes. In late 2005 questionnaires were mailed to 866 women aged 51-66 years from rural and urban locations in Queensland, Australia and participating in Stage 2 of the Healthy Aging of Women Study. The questionnaires sought data on socio-demographics, body mass index (BMI), chronic health conditions, self-efficacy, exercise and dietary behavior change since age 40, and health-related quality of life. Five hundred and sixty four (69%) were completed and returned by early 2006. Data analysis comprised descriptive and bivariate statistics and structural equation modeling. The results showed that midlife is a significant time for women to make positive health behavior changes. Approximately one-third of the s le (34.6%) indicated that they had increased their exercise and around 60% had made an effort to eat more healthily since age 40. Modeling showed self-efficacy to be important in making both exercise (βˆ(Z)=0.099 βˆ=0.006 %CI:0.001,0.011) and dietary (βˆ(Z)=-0.187 βˆ=-0.009 %CI:-0.013,-0.005) changes. Although education appeared to influence self-efficacy (βˆ(Z)=0.148 βˆ=2.448 %CI:1.136,3.76) in relation to exercise change, this was not the case for dietary change. The study has application for programs promoting healthy aging among women, and implies that those with low education, high BMI and poor mental health may need considerable support to improve their lifestyles.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-08-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-02-2011
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-3156.2011.02734.X
Abstract: To review the scientific evidence about the impact of climate change and socio-environmental factors on dengue transmission, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. Search of the published literature on PubMed, ISI web of Knowledge and Google Scholar. Articles were included if an association between climate or socio-environmental factors and dengue transmission was assessed in any country of the Asia-Pacific region. Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. The weight of the evidence indicates that global climate change is likely to affect the seasonal and geographical distribution of dengue fever (DF) in the Asia-Pacific region. However, empirical evidence linking DF to climate change is inconsistent across geographical locations and absent in some countries where dengue is endemic. Even though climate change may play an increasing role in the transmission of DF, no clear evidence shows that such impact has already occurred. More research is needed across countries to better understand the relationship between climate change and dengue transmission. Future research should also consider and adjust for the influence of important socio-environmental factors in the assessment of the climate change-related effects on dengue transmission.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-11-2013
DOI: 10.1111/IJN.12225
Abstract: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, and the construct validity and reliability of the Brisbane Practice Environment Measure in an Australian s le of registered nurses were examined. Nurses were randomly selected from the database of an Australian nursing organization. The original 33 items of the Brisbane Practice Environment Measure were utilized to inform the psychometric properties using confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.938 for the total scale and ranged 0.657-0.887 for the subscales. A five-factor structure of the measure was confirmed, χ(2) = 944.622, (P < 0.01), χ(2) /d.f. ratio = 2.845, Tucker Lewis Index 0.929, Root Mean Square Error = 0.061 and Comparative Fit Index = 0.906. The selected 28 items of the measure proved reliable and valid in measuring effects of the practice environment upon Australian nurses. The implications are that regular measurement of the practice environment using these 28 items might assist in the development of strategies which might improve job satisfaction and retention of registered nurses in Australia.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-05-2018
DOI: 10.1002/NOP2.158
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-03-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41390-021-01463-0
Abstract: A low-glycemic index (GI) diet may modulate adipocyte-produced adipokines linking to insulin resistance. The stored plasma s les from the RCT of a low-GI vs. conventional diet in obese children were analyzed for adipokines: leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin. Their relationships with clinical outcomes were assessed. Fifty-two participants completed the 6-month intervention trial (mean age: 12.0 ± 2.0 years, 35 boys). Both groups had significantly decreased BMI z-scores from baseline whereas the low-GI group had significant reduction in fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. There were no differences in adipokines between the groups before and after the intervention. However, there was an association between baseline leptin and the change of fat mass index (FMI) but not the insulin resistance in both groups. The higher the baseline leptin was, the lower the changes were for FMI after the intervention. Despite no demonstrable effect of low-GI diet on plasma adipokines, the higher baseline leptin was correlated with lower reduction of fat mass. Leptin resistance may have a detrimental effect on the reduction of adiposity in obese children. Baseline leptin could be a useful predictor of the change in body composition in an obesity intervention trial. Leptin resistance may have a detrimental effect in reducing the adiposity in obese children. This study is the first of its kind to compare the plasma adipokine concentrations of obese children on low-GI diet and conventional diet. We found that serum leptin was significantly correlated with the reduction of BMI z-score and FMI in both groups. Baseline leptin could be a useful predictor of the change in body composition in an obesity intervention trial.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1155/2014/158051
Abstract: Background . Based on a pilot study with 34 patients, applying the modified sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score intraoperatively could predict a prolonged ICU stay, albeit with only 4 risk factors. Our objective was to develop a practicable intraoperative model for predicting prolonged ICU stay which included more relevant risk factors. Methods . An extensive literature review identified 6 other intraoperative risk factors affecting prolonged ICU stay. Another 168 patients were then recruited for whom all 10 risk factors were extracted and analyzed by logistic regression to form the new prognostic model. Results . The multivariate logistic regression analysis retained only 6 significant risk factors in the model: age ≥ 60 years, PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio ≤ 200 mmHg, platelet count ≤ 120,000/mm 3 , requirement for inotrope/vasopressor ≥ 2 drugs, serum potassium ≤ 3.2 mEq/L, and atrial fibrillation grading ≥2. This model was then simplified into the Open-Heart Intraoperative Risk (OHIR) score, comprising the same 6 risk factors for a total score of 7—a score of ≥3 indicating a likely prolonged ICU stay (AUC for ROC of 0.746). Conclusions . We developed a new, easy to calculate OHIR scoring system for predicting prolonged ICU stay as early as 3 hours after CPB. It comprises 6 risk factors, 5 of which can be manipulated intraoperatively.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 31-08-2012
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 23-03-2020
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1743663
Abstract: Excessive daytime sleepiness is a frequently described phenomenon in pregnant women. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a self reported standardized method of assessing sleep propensity and has been used extensively within pregnant populations. An elevated score is associated with sleep disordered breathing, as well as adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes which may be indicative of a degree of placental dysfunction. Thus the aim of this study was to prospectively assess women using the Epworth questionnaire in conjunction with an ultrasound in both the second and third trimesters to determine if there was a difference in ESS scores across gestation and if a mid or late gestation assessment was correlated with Doppler ultrasound measures of fetal well-being. Participants were prospectively recruited from a tertiary obstetric hospital and completed both an Epworth questionnaire and ultrasound examination in the second and third trimesters. A total of 302 women took part in this cohort study. There was a statistically significant ( Maternal sleep disordered breathing assessed by the ESS score is only correlated with increased birth weight but not with fetal Doppler parameters in low risk pregnancies.
No related grants have been discovered for Cameron Hurst.