ORCID Profile
0000-0002-6420-4294
Current Organisations
University of California Santa Cruz
,
University of Adelaide
,
Inspire Therapy
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-08-2020
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12829
Abstract: To examine the predictive validity of the FRAIL scale for mortality, and diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) against the frailty phenotype (FP). Frailty was measured in 846 community‐dwelling adults (mean age 74.3 [SD 6.3] years, 54.8% female) using a modified FRAIL scale and modified FP. Mortality was matched to death records. The FRAIL scale demonstrated significant predictive validity for mortality up to 10 years (Frail adjHR: 2.60, P .001). DTA findings were acceptable for specificity (86.8%) and Youden index (0.50), but not sensitivity (63.6%), or area under the receiver operator curve (auROC) (0.75). DTA estimates were more acceptable when a cut‐point of ≥2 characteristics was used rather than ≥3 in the primary DTA analysis. The FRAIL scale is a valid predictor of mortality. DTA estimates depend on FRAIL scale cut‐point used. This instrument is a potentially useful frailty screening tool.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-01-2022
DOI: 10.1111/GGI.14327
Abstract: Sarcopenia is a common disorder of loss of muscle mass and function among older adults however, few studies have examined screening instruments for sarcopenia risk in residential aged care services (RACS). The aims of this study were to measure sarcopenia risk in RACS residents using the SARC-F, describe factors associated with sarcopenia risk and examine the predictive validity of the SARC-F for 12-month mortality. This was a prospective cohort study carried out in South Australian RACS across 12 sites. In total, 541 residents (mean age 87.7 [7.3] years, 72.6% women) were included in the study. Sarcopenia risk was measured using a modified SARC-F (≥4 point cut point). We identified 89.5% (n = 484) of residents at risk of sarcopenia. Significant (P > 0.05) predictors of sarcopenia risk in multivariable analysis included the presence of diabetes (relative risk [RR] = 1.08), classification as most-frail (RR = 1.06) and smaller Nursing Home Life Space Diameter (NHLSD) score (RR = 0.99). Mortality was observed in 20.9% (n = 113) of residents over a 12-month follow-up. Classification as at-risk of sarcopenia was a significant predictor of 12-month mortality however, it had a poor area under the receiver operator curve (0.56), and a low positive predictive value (23.1%). The best performing cut-point of ≥7 also had poor discriminative ability (under the receiver operator curve = 0.66, positive predictive value = 30.8%). Sarcopenia risk is extremely common among RACS residents and its presence is a significant contributor to 12-month mortality. Low discriminative ability for the SARC-F was noted across multiple cut-off scores for predicting mortality at 12 months. Diabetes management and promoting physical activity and nutrition among RACS residents are likely to influence sarcopenia risk positively. Geriatr Gerontol Int •• ••: ••-•• Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022 ••: ••-••.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 20-06-2023
DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.18.545476
Abstract: APOGEE 2 is a mitochondrially-centered ensemble method designed to improve the accuracy of pathogenicity predictions for interpreting missense mitochondrial variants. Built on the joint consensus recommendations by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics/Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP), APOGEE 2 features an improved machine learning method and a curated training set for enhanced performance metrics. It offers region-wise assessments of genome fragility and mechanistic analyses of specific amino acids that cause perceptible long-range effects on protein structure. With clinical and research use in mind, APOGEE 2 scores and pathogenicity probabilities are precompiled and available in MitImpact. APOGEE 2’s ability to address challenges in interpreting mitochondrial missense variants makes it an essential tool in the field of mitochondrial genetics.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 10-2017
DOI: 10.11124/JBISRIR-2017-003363
Abstract: : The question of this systematic review is: What is the diagnostic test accuracy of self-reported frailty screening instruments among community-dwelling older people against any of the following reference standard tests: the frailty phenotype, frailty index and comprehensive geriatric assessment?
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-08-2022
Abstract: This study investigated the reliability and convergent validity of the PFFS-Malay version (PFFS-M) among patients (with varying educational levels), caregivers, and health care professionals (HCPs). PFFS-M cutoffs for frailty severity were developed. This is a cross-sectional study from 4 primary care clinics where 240 patients aged & years and their caregivers were enrolled. Patients were assigned to a nurse or a health care assistant (HCA) for 2 separate PFFS-M assessments administered by HCPs of the same profession, as well as by a doctor during the first visit (inter-rater reliability). Patients were also administered the Self-Assessed Report of Personal Capacity & Healthy Ageing (SEARCH) tool, a 40-item frailty index, by a research officer. The correlation between patients’ PFFS-M scores and SEARCH tool scores determined convergent validity. Patients returned 1 week later for PFFS-M reassessment by the same HCPs (test–retest reliability). Caregivers completed the PFFS-M for the patient at both clinic visits. Classification cut-points for the PFFS-M were derived against frailty categories defined through the SEARCH tool. The inter-rater (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.92 [95% CI, 0.90–0.93)] and test–retest (ICC = 0.94 [95% CI, 0.92–0.95]) reliability between all raters was excellent, including by patients’ education levels. The convergent validity was moderate (r = 0.637, p & 0.001), including for varying educational background. PFFS-M categories were identified as: 0–3, no frailty 4–5, at risk of frailty 6–8, mild frailty 9–12, moderate frailty and & , severe frailty. PFFS-M is a reliable and valid tool with frailty severity scores now established for use of this tool in primary care clinics.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-12-2017
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12487
Abstract: To determine the prevalence of frailty and associated factors in the North West Adelaide Health Study (2004-2006) using the Frailty Phenotype (FP) and Frailty Index (FI). Frailty was measured in 909 community-dwelling participants aged ≥65 years using the FP and FI. The FP classified 18% of participants as frail and the FI 48%. The measures were strongly correlated (r = 0.76, P < 0.001) and had a kappa agreement of 0.38 for frailty classification, with 37% of participants classified as non-frail by the FP being classified as frail by the FI. Being older, a current smoker, and having multimorbidity and polypharmacy were associated with higher frailty levels by both tools. Female, low income, obesity and living alone were associated with the FI. Frailty prevalence was higher when assessed using the FI. Socioeconomic factors and other health determinants contribute to higher frailty levels.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 16-09-2020
Abstract: frailty is a dynamic condition for which a range of interventions are available. Health state utilities are values that represent the strength of an in idual’s preference for specific health states, and are used in economic evaluation. This is a topic yet to be examined in detail for frailty. Likewise, little has been reported on minimally important difference (MID), the extent of change in frailty status that in iduals consider to be important. to examine the relationship between frailty status, for both the frailty phenotype (FP) and frailty index (FI), and utility (preference-based health state), and to determine a MID for both frailty measures. population-based cohort of community-dwelling Australians. in total, 874 adults aged ≥65 years (54% female), mean age 74.4 (6.2) years. frailty was measured using the FP and FI. Utilities were calculated using the short-form 6D health survey, with Australian and UK weighting applied. MID was calculated cross-sectionally. for both the FP and FI, frailty was significantly statistically associated (P & 0.001) with lower utility in an adjusted analysis using both Australian and UK weighting. Between-person MID for the FP was identified as 0.59 [standard deviation (SD) 0.31] (anchor-based) and 0.59 (distribution-based), whereas for the FI, MID was 0.11 (SD 0.05) (anchor-based) and 0.07 (distribution-based). frailty is significantly associated with lower preference-based health state utility. Frailty MID can be used to inform design of clinical trials and economic evaluations, as well as providing useful clinical information on frailty differences that patients consider important.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-01-2018
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12483
Abstract: To examine frailty prevalence in Australian older adults. Frailty was measured using a modified Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) in a combined cohort of 8804 Australian adults aged ≥65 years (female 86%, median age 80 (79-82) years) from the Dynamic Analyses to Optimise Ageing Project and the North West Adelaide Health Study. Using the FFP, 21% of participants were frail while a further 48% were prefrail. Chi-squared testing of frailty among four age groups (65-69, 70-74, 75-79 and 80-84 years) for sex, and marital status revealed that frailty was significantly higher for women (approximately double that of men), increased significantly with advancing age for both sexes, and was significantly higher for women who were widowed, orced or never married. If frailty could be prevented or reversed, it would have an impact on a larger number of older people.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-07-2019
DOI: 10.1111/JGS.16066
Abstract: Frailty places in iduals at greater risk of adverse health outcomes. However, it is a dynamic condition and may not always lead to decline. Our objective was to determine the relationship between frailty status (at baseline and follow-up) and mortality using both the frailty phenotype (FP) and frailty index (FI). Population-based cohort. Community-dwelling older adults. A total of 909 in iduals aged 65 years or older (55% female), mean age 74.4 (SD 6.2) years, had frailty measurement at baseline. Overall, 549 participants had frailty measurement at two time points. Frailty was measured using the FP and FI, with a mean 4.5 years between baseline and follow-up. Mortality was matched to official death records with a minimum of 10 years of follow-up. For both measures, baseline frailty was a significant predictor of mortality up to 10 years, with initially good predictive ability (area under the curve [AUC] = .8-.9) decreasing over time. Repeated measurement at follow-up resulted in good prediction compared with lower (AUC = .6-.7) discrimination of equivalent baseline frailty status. In a multivariable model, frailty measurement at follow-up was a stronger predictor of mortality compared with baseline. Frailty change for the Continuous FI was a significant predictor of decreased or increased mortality risk based on corresponding improvement or worsening of score (hazard ratio = 1.04 95% confidence interval = 1.02-1.07 P = .001). Frailty measurement is a good predictor of mortality up to 10 years however, recency of frailty measurement is important for improved prediction. A regular review of frailty status is required in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:2311-2317, 2019.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.EXGER.2019.05.010
Abstract: Detailed information about the current and future geographic distribution of Australia's frail population provides critical evidence to inform policy, resource allocation and planning initiatives that aim to treat and reverse frailty. Frailty is associated with poor health outcomes, including disability and death. It is also characterised by increased health care usage and costs. Understanding the distribution and growth of frailty is important for planning and budgeting service provision and health interventions aimed to support the needs of Australia's growing ageing population. The objective of this research is to provide baseline mapping and area level population estimates of Australia's current and future frail and pre-frail populations. Geospatial modelling was applied to national frailty prevalence rates to provide estimates of the size, distribution and potential growth of Australia's frail and pre-frail population. It is estimated that in 2016 approximately 415,769 people living in Australia aged 65 years or more are frail and almost 1.7 million people are pre-frail. In future years, as the population ages, these figures will increase rapidly, reaching 609,306 frail and 2,248,977 pre-frail by 2027, if prevalence continues at current levels. The geographic distribution of this projected growth is not uniform and while the largest frail populations will continue to be located in the major cities, the fastest growth will be in the outer metropolitan, regional and remote areas. The projected growth of frail populations in outer metropolitan, regional and remote areas may be reduced by targeting health interventions in these areas and improving access to support services. Frailty is a dynamic condition that is amenable to intervention. Reducing frailty will lead to benefits in wellbeing for older Australians in addition to reductions in health care costs.
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 02-2023
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 14-12-2021
Abstract: Lensing without borders is a cross-survey collaboration created to assess the consistency of galaxy–galaxy lensing signals (ΔΣ) across different data sets and to carry out end-to-end tests of systematic errors. We perform a blind comparison of the litude of ΔΣ using lens s les from BOSS and six independent lensing surveys. We find good agreement between empirically estimated and reported systematic errors which agree to better than 2.3σ in four lens bins and three radial ranges. For lenses with zL & 0.43 and considering statistical errors, we detect a 3–4σ correlation between lensing litude and survey depth. This correlation could arise from the increasing impact at higher redshift of unrecognized galaxy blends on shear calibration and imperfections in photometric redshift calibration. At zL & 0.54, litudes may additionally correlate with foreground stellar density. The litude of these trends is within survey-defined systematic error budgets that are designed to include known shear and redshift calibration uncertainty. Using a fully empirical and conservative method, we do not find evidence for large unknown systematics. Systematic errors greater than 15 per cent (25 per cent) ruled out in three lens bins at 68 per cent (95 per cent) confidence at z & 0.54. Differences with respect to predictions based on clustering are observed to be at the 20–30 per cent level. Our results therefore suggest that lensing systematics alone are unlikely to fully explain the ‘lensing is low’ effect at z & 0.54. This analysis demonstrates the power of cross-survey comparisons and provides a promising path for identifying and reducing systematics in future lensing analyses.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-09-2018
DOI: 10.1111/GGI.13522
Abstract: Frailty is a state of decreased physiological reserve and vulnerability to stressors. Understanding the characteristics of those most at risk of worsening, or likely to improve their frailty status, are key elements in addressing this condition. The present study measured frailty state transitions and factors associated with improvement or worsening frailty status in the North West Adelaide Health Study. Frailty was measured using the frailty phenotype (FP) and a 34-item frailty index (FI) for 696 community-dwelling participants aged ≥65 years, with repeated measures at 4.5-year follow up. Improvement in frailty state was common for both tools (FP 15.5% FI 7.9%). The majority remained stable (FP 44.4% FI 52.6%), and many transitioned to a worse level of frailty (FP 40.1% FI 39.5%). For both measures, multimorbidity was associated with worsening frailty among non-frail participants. Among pre-frail participants, normal waist circumference was associated with improvement, whereas older age was associated with worsening of frailty status. Among frail in iduals, younger age was associated with improvement, and male sex and older age were associated with worsening frailty status. Frailty is a dynamic process where improvement is possible. Multimorbidity, obesity, age and sex were associated with frailty transitions for both tools. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018 18: 1549-1555.
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Mark Quinlivan Thompson.