ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7501-7996
Current Organisation
University of Adelaide
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Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-01-2022
DOI: 10.1111/GGI.14327
Abstract: Sarcopenia is a common disorder of loss of muscle mass and function among older adults however, few studies have examined screening instruments for sarcopenia risk in residential aged care services (RACS). The aims of this study were to measure sarcopenia risk in RACS residents using the SARC-F, describe factors associated with sarcopenia risk and examine the predictive validity of the SARC-F for 12-month mortality. This was a prospective cohort study carried out in South Australian RACS across 12 sites. In total, 541 residents (mean age 87.7 [7.3] years, 72.6% women) were included in the study. Sarcopenia risk was measured using a modified SARC-F (≥4 point cut point). We identified 89.5% (n = 484) of residents at risk of sarcopenia. Significant (P > 0.05) predictors of sarcopenia risk in multivariable analysis included the presence of diabetes (relative risk [RR] = 1.08), classification as most-frail (RR = 1.06) and smaller Nursing Home Life Space Diameter (NHLSD) score (RR = 0.99). Mortality was observed in 20.9% (n = 113) of residents over a 12-month follow-up. Classification as at-risk of sarcopenia was a significant predictor of 12-month mortality however, it had a poor area under the receiver operator curve (0.56), and a low positive predictive value (23.1%). The best performing cut-point of ≥7 also had poor discriminative ability (under the receiver operator curve = 0.66, positive predictive value = 30.8%). Sarcopenia risk is extremely common among RACS residents and its presence is a significant contributor to 12-month mortality. Low discriminative ability for the SARC-F was noted across multiple cut-off scores for predicting mortality at 12 months. Diabetes management and promoting physical activity and nutrition among RACS residents are likely to influence sarcopenia risk positively. Geriatr Gerontol Int •• ••: ••-•• Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022 ••: ••-••.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S12603-019-1159-0
Abstract: The anorexia of aging affects approximately a quarter of older people and is a major contributor to the development of under-nutrition and many other adverse health outcomes in older people. Despite the high prevalence, the anorexia of aging is frequently overlooked by clinicians and, of even more concern, it is commonly accepted as inevitable and a part of 'normal' aging. Early identification of risk coupled with efforts to mitigate these risks through appropriate interventions might stem the deleterious consequences of the anorexia of aging. This review aims to provide an update on the current knowledge base whilst making some practical suggestions that may be of use in clinical practice. Interventions such as exercise and good nutrition remain the preferred treatment while pharmacological options, whilst they continue to be trialed, are not currently recommended for routine clinical use.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-04-2017
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12412
Abstract: To determine the effects of a 4.5-week geriatric medicine course on fifth year medical students' perception of the importance of and their competence in prescribing exercise to older people. The modified Exercise and Physical Activity Competence Questionnaire was administered to 81 students before and after the course. Scores ranged from 0 to 6. One open-ended question about perceived barriers to exercise prescription was asked. Students' perceptions of the importance of designing an exercise prescription (P = 0.038), determining the training heart rate (P = 0.021), determining the body mass index (P > 0.001), referring an older person to an exercise program (P > 0.001) and identifying age-related limitations (P = 0.029) improved significantly after the course. Students' self-perceived competence improved significantly across all items (P > 0.001). Barriers to exercise prescription included lack of: knowledge (57%), patient compliance (39%) and time (33%). A geriatric medicine course contributes to improved senior medical students' perceptions of importance of and their competence in prescribing exercise to older people.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 14-11-2018
Abstract: Exercise is considered to be the most effective strategy to treat, prevent and delay frailty, a prevalent geriatric syndrome observed in clinical practice. Encouraging frail older people to take up exercise is crucial in the management of this condition. The study aimed to explore pre-frail and frail older peoples' perspectives in relation to being advised about exercise and their perceptions of the general practitioners' (GPs) role in promoting exercise for older people. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 community-dwelling older (median age 83 years) participants screened pre-frail or frail using the FRAIL Screen. Their attitudes towards exercise, the advice received, their access to relevant information and their perceptions of the GP's role in promoting exercise were explored. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyse data. The majority of participants had a positive attitude towards exercise, and many participants indicated a preference for being advised firstly by their GPs and then other healthcare professionals. Participants living in the community reported difficulties in accessing information on exercise and indicated that local governments and GP practices should promote exercise for older people more actively. Participants living in retirement villages, however, reported having access to relevant information and being encouraged to participate in exercise. This research identified a gap in current practice, demonstrating that GPs, healthcare providers and local governments should promote exercise for older people more actively. Convincing health professionals to encourage regular exercise among their older patients would provide an opportunity to avoid and manage frailty in this population.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-03-2020
DOI: 10.1111/AJAG.12788
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-12-2020
Abstract: Background: Sedentary behaviour (SB) can delay hospitalised older adults’ recovery from acute illness and injuries. Currently, there is no synthesis of evidence on SB among hospitalised older people. This scoping review aimed to identify and map existing literature on key aspects of SB among hospitalised older adults, including the prevalence, measurement and intervention strategies for SB and sedentary behaviour bouts (SBBs) as well as healthcare professionals, patients and carers’ perspectives on interventions. Methods and analysis: Several electronic databases were searched between January 2001 and September 2020. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework was used to conduct this scoping review. Results: Out of 1824 articles, 21 were included comprising 16 observational studies, 3 randomised controlled trials, 1 comparative study, and 1 phase-1 dose-response study. The s le size ranged from 13 to 393, with all 1435 participants community-dwelling before hospitalisation. Only two studies focused on measuring SB and SBBs as a primary outcome, with others (n = 19) reporting SB and SBB as a sub-set of physical activity (PA). Older adults spent an average of 86.5%/day (20.8 h) sedentary. Most studies (n = 15 out of 21) measured SB and SBB using objective tools. Conclusion: Hospitalised older people spent most of their waking hours sedentary. Studies explicitly focused on SB and SBB are lacking, and the perspectives of patients, carers and healthcare professionals are not clarified. Future hospital-based studies should focus on interventions to reduce SB and SBB, and the perspectives of healthcare professionals, patients and carers’ taken into account.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAMDA.2022.04.013
Abstract: Life-space mobility is a measure of the extent and frequency of mobility in older adults reflecting not only physical function, but also cognitive, psychosocial, and environmental factors. This study aimed to (1) develop life-space mobility profiles for nursing home residents (2) examine independent factors associated with these profiles and (3) identify health outcomes [ie, mortality, quality of life (QoL) and falls] associated with the life-space mobility profiles at 1 year. Prospective cohort study. Twelve nursing homes including 556 residents, mean age 87.73 ± 7.25 years, 73.0% female. Life-space mobility was measured using the Nursing Home Life-Space Diameter (NHLSD). Mortality and falls were extracted from residents' records. QoL was measured using the QoL in Alzheimer Disease (QoL-AD) scale. NHLSD scores ranged from 0 to 50 with a mean score of 27.86 ± 10.12. Resident life-space mobility was mainly centered around their room (94.8%, n = 527) and wing (86.4%, n = 485). One-half of the residents left their wing daily (51.0%, n = 284), and over one-quarter (26.4%, n = 147) ventured outside their nursing home at least weekly. Significant associations (P .05) with high life-space mobility, identified through multivariable analyses, included lower age [odds ratio (OR) 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51, 0.96] lower frailty levels (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.50, 0.86) lower sarcopenia risk (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.65, 0.79) and a better nutritional status (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.05, 1.29). High life-space mobility was a predictor (P .05) of lower mortality, lower falls rate, and higher QoL at 1 year when compared with moderate or low mobility. Given the independent association between high life-space mobility and lower frailty status, lower sarcopenia risk, and a better nutritional status, physical activity and nutritional interventions may be beneficial in leading to improved life-space use. This requires further investigation. Improved life-space mobility can lead to improved health outcomes, such as lower mortality, lower falls rate, and improved QoL.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-02-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S12877-020-01974-1
Abstract: The Frailty In Residential Sector over Time (FIRST) Study is a 3-year prospective cohort study investigating the health of residents living in residential aged care services (RACS) in South Australia. The study aims to examine the change in frailty status and associated health outcomes. This interim report presents data from March 2019–October 2020. The study setting is 12 RACS from one organisation across metropolitan and rural South Australia involving 1243 residents. All permanent (i.e. respite or transition care program excluded) residents living in the RACS for at least 8 weeks were invited to participate. Residents who were deemed to be medically unstable (e.g. experiencing delirium), have less than 3 months to live, or not fluent in English were excluded. Data collected included frailty status, medical diagnoses, medicines, pain, nutrition, sarcopenia, falls, dementia, anxiety and depression, sleep quality, quality of life, satisfaction with care, activities of daily living, and life space use at baseline and 12-months. Data Linkage will occur over the 3 years from baseline. A total of 561 permanent residents (mean age 87.69 ± 7.25) were included. The majority of residents were female ( n = 411, 73.3%) with 95.3% ( n = 527) being classified as either frail ( n = 377, 68.2%) or most-frail ( n = 150, 27.1%) according to the Frailty Index (FI). Most residents were severely impaired in their basic activities of daily living ( n = 554, 98.8%), and were at-risk of malnutrition ( n = 305, 55.0%) and at-risk of sarcopenia ( n = 492, 89.5%). Most residents did not experience pain ( n = 475, 85.4%), had normal daytime sleepiness ( n = 385, 69.7%), and low anxiety and depression scores ( n = 327, 58.9%). This study provides valuable information on the health and frailty levels of residents living in RACS in South Australia. The results will assist in developing interventions that can help to improve the health and wellbeing of residents in aged care services. Prospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ( ACTRN12619000500156 ).
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1155/2016/5978523
Abstract: Sarcopenia, an age-related decline in muscle mass and function, is affecting the older population worldwide. Sarcopenia is associated with poor health outcomes, such as falls, disability, loss of independence, and mortality however it is potentially treatable if recognized and intervened early. Over the last two decades, there has been significant expansion of research in this area. Currently there is international recognition of a need to identify the condition early for intervention and prevention of the disastrous consequences of sarcopenia if left untreated. There are currently various screening tools proposed. As yet, there is no consensus on the best tool. Effective interventions of sarcopenia include physical exercise and nutrition supplementation. This review paper examined the screening tools and interventions for sarcopenia.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-07-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-02-2023
DOI: 10.1111/GGI.14553
Abstract: The practice of judo appears to impact positively on physical performance, muscle strength and flexibility in older people, while also benefiting bone mineral density in middle‐aged adults. This scoping review aimed to map the range, scope and type of relevant studies conducted to examine the safety, feasibility and effects of judo interventions on various health‐related outcomes designed for middle‐aged and older adults (≥45 years) with no previous experience in judo. Six databases as well as gray literature were searched using a developed search strategy. Two independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts, as well as full‐texts of relevant articles using data extraction tools developed for the purpose of this study. Fifteen original studies were included, comprising 648 participants (mean age 45–77.8 years). All 15 studies reported significant positive results of ≥1 health‐related outcome. Quality of life and bone mineral density seemed to improve only after longer interventions (≥9 or ≥12 months, respectively), while results regarding fear of falling and physical activity levels were mixed. Five studies showed improvements in fear of falling while four studies reported no change. Similarly, two studies showed improvements in physical activity, while another study showed no change. Five studies reported on safety and deemed their intervention to be safe (no adverse events), with two studies confirming feasibility. Findings suggest that judo interventions can positively impact health‐related outcomes in middle‐aged and older adults. However, studies had small s le sizes and more research is needed to confirm these findings. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023 23: 163–178 .
Publisher: SERDI
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.14283/JFA.2017.34
Abstract: Geriatric assessment tools are applicable to the general geriatric population however, their feasibility in frail older adults is yet to be determined. The study aimed to determine the feasibility of standardised geriatric assessment tools and physical exercises in hospitalised frail older adults. Various assessment tools including the FRAIL Screen, the Charlson Comorbidity Index, the SF-36, the Trail Making Test (TMT), the Rapid Cognitive Screen, the Self Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF) and the Lawton iADL as well as standard physical exercises were assessed using observational protocols. The FRAIL Screen, MNA-SF, Rapid Cognitive Screen, Lawton iADL and the physical exercises were deemed to be feasible with only minor comprehension, execution and safety issues. The TMT was not considered to be feasible and the SF-36 should be replaced by its shorter form, the SF-12. In order to ensure the validity of these findings a study with a larger s le size should be undertaken.
No related grants have been discovered for Agathe Daria Jadczak.