ORCID Profile
0000-0002-9641-5838
Current Organisation
University of Sydney
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Health, Clinical and Counselling Psychology | Psychology | Social and Community Psychology
Behaviour and Health | Expanding Knowledge in Psychology and Cognitive Sciences |
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-02-2019
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 23-11-2021
Abstract: The replication crisis has stimulated researchers around the world to adopt open science research practices intended to reduce publication bias and improve research quality. Open science practices include study pre-registration, open data, open publication, and avoiding methods that can lead to publication bias and low replication rates. Although gambling studies uses similar research methods to behavioral research fields that have struggled with replication, we know little about the uptake of open science research practices in gambling-focused research. We conducted a scoping review of 500 recent (1/1/2016 – 12/1/2019) studies focused on gambling and problem gambling to examine the use of open science and transparent research practices. Our results showed that a small percentage of studies used most practices: whereas 54.6% (95% CI: [50.2, 58.9]) of studies used at least one of nine open science practices, each practice’s prevalence was: 1.6% for pre-registration (95% CI:[0.8, 3.1]), 3.2% for open data (95% CI:[2.0, 5.1]), 0% for open notebook, 35.2% for open access (95% CI:[31.1, 39.5]), 7.8% for open materials (95% CI:[5.8, 10.5]), 1.4% for open code (95% CI:[0.7, 2.9]), and 15.0% for preprint posting (95% CI:[12.1, 18.4]). In all, 6.4% (95% CI:[4.6, 8.9]) used a power analysis and 2.4% (95% CI:[1.4, 4.2]) of the studies were replication studies. Exploratory analyses showed that studies that used any open science practice, and open access in particular, had higher citation counts. We suggest several practical ways to enhance the uptake of open science principles and practices both within gambling studies and in science more broadly.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 29-09-2020
Abstract: 3D printing provides new opportunities to create devices used during radiotherapy treatments, yet little is known about the effect process parameters play on the proposed devices. This study investigates the combined influence of infill pattern, infill density and print orientation on surface dose, as well as on the mechanical properties of 3D printed s les, identifying the optimal infill patterns for use in radiotherapy devices including immobilisation. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) was used to produce sixty s les in two orientations for surface dose measurement, utilising ten different infill patterns. Surface dose testing was performed using a Varian Trubeam linear accelerator with a 6 MV photon beam. A further one hundred and twenty tensile test s les, designed according to ASTM D638 type I standards, were evaluated using a 50 KN Instron 5969. On average, horizontally printed s les had a lower surface dose measurement compared to the vertically orientated s les, with the Stars infill pattern recording the lowest surface dose values in the horizontal orientation, while the Hilbert Curve recorded the lowest surface dose in the edge orientation. Tensile tests revealed the 3D Honeycomb infill pattern to have the highest ultimate tensile strength (UTS) in both horizontal and edge orientations. Overall, the Stars infill pattern exhibited the optimal balance of low surface dose and above average UTS. This study shows how infill patterns can significantly affect dosimetry and mechanical performance of 3D printed radiotherapy devices, and the data can be used by design engineers, clinicians and medical physicists to select the appropriate infill pattern, density and print orientation based on the functional requirements of a radiotherapy device.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 16-07-2021
Abstract: Study preregistration is one of several “open science” practices (e.g., open data, preprints) that researchers use to improve the transparency and rigour of their research. As more researchers adopt preregistration as a regular research practice, examining the nature and content of preregistrations can help identify strengths and weaknesses of current practices. The value of preregistration, in part, relates to the specificity of the study plan and the extent to which investigators adhere to this plan. We identified 53 preregistrations from the gambling studies field meeting our predefined eligibility criteria and scored their level of specificity using a 23-item protocol developed to measure the extent to which a clear and exhaustive preregistration plan restricts various researcher degrees of freedom (RDoF i.e., the many methodological choices available to researchers when collecting and analysing data, and when reporting their findings). We also scored studies on a 32-item protocol that measured adherence to the preregistered plan in the study manuscript. We found that gambling preregistrations had low specificity levels on most RDoF. However, a comparison with a s le of cross-disciplinary preregistrations (N = 52 Bakker et al., 2020) indicated that gambling preregistrations scored higher on 12 (of 29) items. Thirteen (65%) of the 20 associated published articles or preprints deviated from the protocol without declaring as much (the mean number of undeclared deviations per article was 2.25, SD = 2.34). Overall, while we found improvements in specificity and adherence over time (2017-2020), our findings suggest the purported benefits of preregistration—including increasing transparency and reducing RDoF—are not fully achieved by current practices. Using our findings, we provide 10 practical recommendations that can be used to support and refine preregistration practices.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-09-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 27-10-2019
Abstract: Across a wide range of commercially available products, some in iduals engage in harmful addictive consumption. A challenging task for managers and policymakers is to identify how to modify commercial practices to reduce those harms, while minimizing unintended impacts on consumers without issues. In this study, we propose that one area of intervention should be the reduction of practices that reinforce cognitive distortions (maladaptive and erroneous thoughts) about likely consumption outcomes. Our study makes two direct contributions to the management literature. First, we extend the two-system model of consumer behavior to describe potential impacts cognitive distortions and discuss how they can lead to irrational choices. Our framing of ethical issues distinguishes between practices that are intrinsic to the goods sold, without which the product or service could be not be reasonably offered, and practices that are extrinsic, purposely added in the value chain to reinforce erroneous thoughts. Second, using the case of gambling disorders, we empirically implicate cognitive distortions in the development of addictive consumption and argue, using our findings and related literature, that management decisions can reinforce cognitive biases that lead to addictive behavior. We demonstrate that cognitive distortions are often purposefully reinforced by commercial gambling practices, and, using an instrumental variable identification strategy with a s le of gamblers (n=185), we demonstrate that cognitive distortions are likely to impact a pathway that leads to loss chasing, overspending, and addiction.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 28-09-2023
DOI: 10.1037/ADB0000962
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-07-2018
DOI: 10.1002/POI3.182
Publisher: No publisher found
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1037/ADB0000761
Abstract: Consumer Protection Tools (CPTs e.g., deposit limits, timeouts) are provided by gambling sites to assist customers to gamble without harms. We aimed to understand how CPTs are used, and by which customers, which is essential to determine their effectiveness. We examined the account data of 39,853 customers (median age = 33 years 84% male) across six Australian wagering sites over 1 year (2018/07/01-2019/06/30). Most (83%) customers did not use any CPTs, with low rates of use for deposit limits (15.8%), timeouts (0.55%-1.57%), and self-exclusion tools (0.16%-0.57%) observed. Requiring customers to set a deposit limit or opt-out of setting one led to substantial increases in limit setting. Many customers who used limits later changed them, typically by increasing or removing them. Non-CPT users and deposit limit users were similar in their demographic and gambling characteristics, while comparatively, timeout and/or self-exclusion users were younger and displayed more risky gambling behaviors (e.g., higher net loss and betting frequency). Our findings suggest that voluntary deposit limits have inherent limitations in addressing harmful behaviors if consumers can easily increase or remove limits. The study suggests that greater efforts are needed to encourage CPT use among a broad customer base, including default limits requiring opt-out, greater restrictions on increasing or remove limits, and more persuasive communication of the benefits of timeouts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-09-2019
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 29-03-2019
DOI: 10.1002/HBE2.136
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-08-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-02-2021
DOI: 10.1111/JPC.15330
Abstract: The Australian ‘There is no place like home’ project is implementing a paediatric low‐risk febrile neutropenia (FN) programme across eight paediatric hospitals. We sought to identify the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on programme implementation. Paediatric oncology, infectious diseases and emergency medicine health‐care workers and parent/carers were surveyed to explore the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on home‐based FN care. Online surveys were distributed nationally to health‐care workers involved in care of children with FN and to parents or carers of children with cancer. Surveys were completed by 78 health‐care workers and 32 parents/carers. Overall, 95% of health‐care workers had confidence in the safety of home‐based FN care, with 35% reporting changes at their own hospitals in response to the pandemic that made them more comfortable with this model. Compared to pre‐pandemic, % of parent/carers were now more worried about attending the hospital with their child and % were interested in receiving home‐based FN care. Among both groups, increased telehealth access and acceptance of home‐based care, improved patient quality of life and reduced risk of nosocomial infection were identified as programme enablers, while re‐direction of resources due to COVID‐19 and challenges in implementing change during a crisis were potential barriers. There is strong clinician and parent/carer support for home‐based management of low‐risk FN across Australia. Changes made to the delivery of cancer care in response to the pandemic have generally increased acceptance for home‐based treatments and opportunities exist to leverage these to refine the low‐risk FN programme.
Publisher: Greo
Date: 16-09-2021
DOI: 10.33684/2021.006
Abstract: This report supports an evidence-based approach to the prevention and education objective of the National Strategy to Reduce Harm from Gambling. Applying a public health policy lens, it considers three levels of measures: universal (for the benefit of the whole population), selective (for the benefit of at-risk groups), and indicated (for the benefit of at-risk in iduals). Six measures are reviewed by drawing upon a range of evidence in the academic and grey literature. The universal level measures are “Regulatory restriction on how gambling is provided” and “Population-based safer gambling/responsible gambling efforts.” Selective measures focus on age cohorts in a chapter entitled, “Targeted safer gambling c aigns for children, youth, and older adults.” The indicated measures are “Brief internet delivered interventions for gambling,” “Systems and tools that produced actual (‘hard’) barriers and limit access to funds,” and “Self-exclusion.” Since the quantity and quality of the evidence base varied by measure, appropriate review methods were selected to assess publications using a systematic, scoping, or narrative approach. Some measures offered consistent findings regarding the effectiveness of interventions and initiatives, while others were less clear. Unintended consequences were noted since it is important to be aware of unanticipated, negative consequences resulting from prevention and education activities. After reviewing the evidence, authors identified knowledge gaps that require further research, and provided guidance for how the findings could be used to enhance the prevention and education objective. The research evidence is supplemented by consultations with third sector charity representatives who design and implement gambling harm prevention and education programmes. Their insights and experiences enhance, support, or challenge the academic evidence base, and are shared in a separate chapter. Overall, research evidence is limited for many of the measures. Quality assessments suggest that improvements are needed to support policy decisions more fully. Still, opportunities exist to advance evidence-based policy for an effective gambling harm prevention and education plan.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-09-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-05-2021
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-12-2018
Abstract: Experiencing negative outcomes online is increasingly common, with more people active online and the continued presence of aggressive online behaviours. This study sought to uncover the underlying factor structure of negative online consequences. It investigated how experiencing negative outcomes is associated with engaging in specific online activities. Australian adult Internet users ( N = 1773, mean age = 42.5 years, 54.8% female) completed an online survey. An underlying factor structure was identified with subgroups of negative outcomes identified relating to hacking/identity theft, abuse/harassment, non-targeted scams and targeted scams. Victimisation was associated with engagement with online pornography and forums use of multiple discussion forums, dating, and gaming sites and expenditure on gaming, dating and pornography sites. Results suggest that overall Internet involvement does not predict victimisation, but specific activities are linked to certain harms. This research creates a framework to inform policy and practice to minimise online victimisation and guide ongoing research.
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 19-07-2021
Abstract: Objectives: The ability to accurately recall past gambling behavior and outcomes is essential for making informed decisions about future gambling. We aimed to determine whether online gambling customers can accurately recall their recent gambling outcomes and betting frequency. Methods: An online survey was distributed to 40,000 customers of an Australian sports and race wagering website which asked participants to recall their past 30-day net outcome and number of bets. We compared responses to these questions with participants’ actual outcomes as provided by the online site. Results: Among the 514 participants who reported their net outcome, only 21 (4.09%) were accurate within a 10% margin of their actual outcome. Participants were most likely to underestimate their losses (N = 333, 64.79%). Lower actual net losses were associated with greater under- and over-estimation of losses. Of the 652 participants who reported their gambling frequency, 48 (7.36%) were accurate within a 10% margin of their actual frequency. Most participants underestimated their number of bets (N = 454, 69.63%). Higher actual betting frequencies were associated with underestimating betting and lower actual frequencies with overestimating betting. Conclusions: The poor recall accuracy we observed suggests public health approaches to gambling harm minimization that assume people make informed decisions about their future bets based on past outcomes and available funds should be reconsidered. Findings also question the reliability of research outcomes predicated on self-reported gambling behavior. Research is needed to determine the best methods of increasing people’s awareness of their actual expenditure and outcomes.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-10-2019
DOI: 10.1186/S12889-019-7738-5
Abstract: Gambling disorder is related to high overall gambling engagement however specific activities and modalities are thought to have stronger relationships with gambling problems. This study aimed to isolate the relationship between specific gambling activities and modalities (Internet and venue/land-based) to gambling disorder and general psychological distress. Past-month Internet gamblers were the focus of this investigation because this modality may be associated with gambling disorders in a unique way that needs to be separated from overall gambling intensity. Australians who had gambled online in the prior 30 days ( N = 998, 57% male) were recruited through a market research company to complete an online survey measuring self-reported gambling participation, problem gambling severity, and psychological distress. When controlling for overall gambling frequency, problem gambling was significantly positively associated with the frequency of online and venue-based gambling using electronic gaming machines (EGMs) and venue-based sports betting. Psychological distress was uniquely associated with higher frequency of venue gambling using EGMs, sports betting, and casino card/table games. This study advances our understanding of how specific gambling activities are associated with disordered gambling and psychological distress in users of Internet gambling services. Our results suggest that among Internet gamblers, online and land-based EGMs are strongly associated with gambling disorder severity. High overall gambling engagement is an important predictor of gambling-related harms, nonetheless, venue-based EGMs, sports betting and casinos warrant specific attention to address gambling-related harms and psychological distress among gamblers.
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 24-06-2021
Abstract: ambling self-exclusion programs are under-utilised and barriers to entry include shame and embarrassment with face-to-face registration, and complex and effortful procedures. he current study aimed to facilitate self-exclusion from gambling venues via an online self-directed website. participatory co-design approach was used to elicit key stakeholders’ perspectives on required website features, functionality, and to identify variables potentially impacting on development and implementation. Semi-structured focus groups and interviews were conducted across four stakeholders (N = 25): self-exclusion end users (consumers, n = 5), gambling counsellors (n = 7), venue staff (n = 6), and policy makers (n = 7). verall, stakeholder perspectives were consistent with content analysis indicating the importance of website user-friendliness, flexibility, supportiveness, and trustworthiness. Importantly, these attributes were linked to target end users’: perceived vulnerabilities, erse backgrounds and in idual expectations. Thus, current findings have broader implications for digital health intervention design. Participants believed that the entire self-exclusion process should be conducted online, including identity verification, whilst expecting high-level data security measures to protect their personal privacy. A separate webpage was also suggested containing relevant information and links to additional help services, such as counselling. his study describes an adaptable co-design framework for developing a usable and acceptable self-exclusion website. Future studies should empirically test system usability and acceptability to refine and maximise system uptake upon implementation. ttps://osf.io/6d54v/
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 30-09-2020
Abstract: Background & Aim: Deposit limits may be an effective strategy for minimising the harm associated with online gambling. However, voluntary uptake of these tools is low. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of different messages to increase use of deposit limits by customers of online gambling sites and to examine the effects of limit setting on gambling behaviour. Design: A pre-registered, naturalistic randomised control trial was conducted wherein customers were sent varied messages by online gambling operators. Setting: Four online Australian sports and racing wagering websites. Participants: 31,989 wagering customers (reduced to 26,516 after screening for eligibility) who had placed bets on at least five days during the last 30. Interventions: Messages were sent via email or in-account notification and were designed to either: [1] be informative, describing the availability and purpose of the tool, [2] highlight the benefits other people receive from using the tool (social messages), or [3] promote the benefit in iduals could receive from using the tool (personal messages). Comparators: A control group of customers who did not receive messages was monitored for comparison. Measurements: We collected customer account data for 90-days pre- and post-messages. Findings: 161 (0.71%) customers set a deposit limit within five days of messages being sent. Those sent messages via in-account notification were more likely to set limits than those sent messages via email. Differences in message content had little effect on deposit limit uptake. Customers who set limits showed significantly greater decreases in average daily wager amount, the SD of average daily wager, net loss, and betting intensity compared to a randomly selected subs le of non-limit-setters. Conclusions: Customer messages are inexpensive and can lead to small but impactful increases in the uptake of deposit limits on gambling sites. Setting deposit limits was associated with decreased gambling intensity, expenditure, and losses and may therefore be an effective harm-reduction strategy.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-11-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S10899-022-10166-Y
Abstract: This research empirically tests the relationship between gambling-related cognitive distortions and the development of gambling problems. In two separate studies using methodologies designed to support non-experimental causal inference, we demonstrate that holding false beliefs about gambling experiences is related to current and future risk of developing problems with gambling. In our first study, we use an instrumental variable estimation strategy on an internet s le (n = 184) and observe a statistically significant relationship between Gamblers' Belief Questionnaire scores and measures of loss chasing, overspending, and gambling problems. These findings were robust to linear and ordinal estimation strategies and multiple model specifications. In our second study, we examine five-year prospective longitudinal data (n = 1,431) to validate our initial findings and test whether irrational thoughts are also related to future problems with gambling. While controlling for current fallacies, we find that past Gambling Fallacies Measure scores are related to present gambling problems across two survey waves. The effect size of each of the past fallacy levels is roughly half of the effect size of present levels, suggesting meaningful impacts. Our findings support the Pathways Model of Problem and Pathological Gambling.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-03-2021
DOI: 10.1111/ADD.15471
Abstract: We tested the effectiveness of three different messages designed to increase limit‐setting on gambling sites and sent these via e‐mail or in‐account notification to compare delivery modes. As a secondary aim, we examined the effects of limit‐setting on gambling behaviour. A pre‐registered, naturalistic randomized control trial using a 3 × 2 plus control design. Four on‐line Australian sports and racing wagering websites. A total of 31 989 wagering customers (reduced to 26,560 after eligibility screening) who had placed bets on at least 5 days in the past 30 [mean age = 41.4, standard deviation (SD) = 14.3 79% male]. Messages were sent via e‐mail or in‐account notification by on‐line gambling operators and were designed to either: (1) be informative, describing the availability and purpose of the tool (informative messages), (2) highlight the benefits other people receive from using the tool (social messages) or (3) promote the benefit in iduals could receive from using the tool (personal messages). A control group who did not receive messages was monitored for comparison. Our primary outcome was the number of customers who set a deposit limit within 5 days of receiving messages and secondary outcomes included pre‐ and post‐message betting behaviour (e.g. average daily wager). One hundred and sixty‐one (0.71%) customers sent messages set limits compared to three (0.08%) controls [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 8.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.99, 33.76)]. Social and personal messages were no more effective than informative messages (aOR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.65, 1.48 aOR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.60, 1.44) and in‐account messages were no more effective than e‐mails (aOR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.71, 1.49). Customers who set limits significantly decreased their average daily wager, the SD of daily wager, net loss and betting intensity compared with non‐limit‐setters. Messages to on‐line gambling website customers are inexpensive, and may lead to small but impactful increases in setting deposit limits. Limit‐setting may be an effective strategy for reducing gambling expenditure and intensity.
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 06-2022
DOI: 10.1037/ADB0000792
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-07-2018
DOI: 10.1007/S10899-018-9794-7
Abstract: It is generally believed that there is an instrumental relationship between problem gambling and crime such that some gamblers resort to illegal activity to recoup financial shortfalls resulting from their gambling. However, a clear understanding of the risk factors for the commission of crimes beyond financial stresses is absent in the literature. The aim of this review was to identify the nature of crimes perpetrated by problem gamblers and the factors that contribute to the commission of gambling-related crimes. A systematic review adhering to guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement searching eight databases-PsycINFO, Westlaw AU, Heinonline, Legal Source via Ebsco, Legaltrac via Gale, PubMed, Scopus, and Medline-was conducted. A total of 21 papers were included after screening and application of exclusion criteria. All studies examined reported crimes committed by problem gamblers, with a validated assessment tool measuring problem gambling. The review provided evidence that gambling-related crime typically consists of non-violent, income-generating offences. However, it also revealed that problem gamblers may commit violent crimes at a higher than expected rate, which may have been concealed by deliberate and unintentional under-reporting of gambling-related crimes. The causal relationship between problem gambling and violent crime, however, remains uncertain. Based on this review, suggestions are offered for the evaluation of perpetrators of gambling-related crime on a case-by-case basis, to better understand the relationship between gambling and crime and facilitate more frequent application of therapeutic jurisprudence in future.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-06-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S10899-022-10120-Y
Abstract: The replication crisis has stimulated researchers around the world to adopt open science research practices intended to reduce publication bias and improve research quality. Open science practices include study pre-registration, open data, open access, and avoiding methods that can lead to publication bias and low replication rates. Although gambling studies uses similar research methods as behavioral research fields that have struggled with replication, we know little about the uptake of open science research practices in gambling-focused research. We conducted a scoping review of 500 recent (1/1/2016–12/1/2019) studies focused on gambling and problem gambling to examine the use of open science and transparent research practices. Our results showed that a small percentage of studies used most practices: whereas 54.6% (95% CI: [50.2, 58.9]) of studies used at least one of nine open science practices, each practice’s prevalence was: 1.6% for pre-registration (95% CI: [0.8, 3.1]), 3.2% for open data (95% CI: [2.0, 5.1]), 0% for open notebook, 35.2% for open access (95% CI: [31.1, 39.5]), 7.8% for open materials (95% CI: [5.8, 10.5]), 1.4% for open code (95% CI: [0.7, 2.9]), and 15.0% for preprint posting (95% CI: [12.1, 18.4]). In all, 6.4% (95% CI: [4.6, 8.9]) of the studies included a power analysis and 2.4% (95% CI: [1.4, 4.2]) were replication studies. Exploratory analyses showed that studies that used any open science practice, and open access in particular, had higher citation counts. We suggest several practical ways to enhance the uptake of open science principles and practices both within gambling studies and in science more generally.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-11-2020
DOI: 10.1007/S10899-019-09915-3
Abstract: Hybrid gambling machines (HGMs) are a new gambling activity that combine the skill element of traditional video games with the random pay-out schedule of electronic gaming machines (e.g., slots). Developed to increase gambling by younger generations that favor video games, there is currently no empirical evidence regarding consumer views of HGMs to guide policy-decision making related to this new gambling activity. We use the theory of reasoned action (TRA) to investigate factors that motivate intentions to play these machines in two studies: (1) among 43 casino patrons and (2) among 184 US online participants residing in states where HGMs were available. Both s les completed surveys after exposure to actual or explanations of HGMs and slots. Analyses supported the prediction that positive attitudes towards HGMs and positively perceived subjective norms would predict intention to play HGMs and slots. The results suggest that the TRA is a useful framework for explaining intentions to gamble on traditional slot machines and new HGMs. The absence of research on HGMs makes these studies an important and necessary contribution to the empirical literature on machine gambling. Understanding in iduals' intentions to engage with HGMs is important to guide development of harm-minimisation practices and evaluate impact of policy changes.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-04-2019
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 06-2021
DOI: 10.1037/ADB0000676
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-08-2020
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Date: 03-2016
DOI: 10.1037/ADB0000156
Abstract: Digital advertising for gambling and specifically marketing via social media have increased in recent years, and the impact on vulnerable consumers, including moderate-risk and problem gamblers, is unknown. Social media promotions often fall outside of advertising restrictions and codes of conduct and may have an inequitable effect on susceptible gamblers. This study aimed to investigate recall of exposure to, and reported impact on gamblers of, gambling promotions and marketing content on social media, with a focus on vulnerable users currently experiencing gambling problems. Gamblers who use social media (N = 964) completed an online survey assessing their exposure to and engagement with gambling operators on social media, their problem gambling severity, and the impact of social media promotions on their gambling. Gamblers at moderate risk and problem gamblers were significantly more likely to report having been exposed to social media gambling promotions and indicated actively engaging with gambling operators via these platforms. They were more likely to self-report that they had increased gambling as a result of these promotions, and over one third reported that the promotions had increased their problems. This research suggests that gamblers at moderate risk or those experiencing gambling problems are more likely to be impacted by social media promotions, and these may play a role in exacerbating disordered gambling. Future research should verify these self-reported results with behavioral data. However, the potential influence of advertisements via these new platforms should be considered by clinicians and policymakers, given their potential role in the formation of this behavioral addiction.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 07-2019
DOI: 10.1002/HBE2.165
Publisher: Masaryk University Press
Date: 16-02-2021
DOI: 10.5817/CP2021-1-8
Abstract: The effects of excessive and problematic technology use on young people’s mental health has not been explored from the perspective of those who work closely with youth in a professional capacity. This study reports on findings from focus group interviews with 22 professionals in the fields of education, counselling and mental health, community and housing, social work, and drug and alcohol services. Most problems participants observed related to video gaming (predominantly amongst men) and social media use (predominantly amongst women). Participants perceived most harms to be related to social or psychological difficulties such as relationship breakdowns, isolation, low self-confidence, depressive symptoms, and unrealistic expectations of success. More tangible harms relating to homelessness, physical fighting resulting from online exclusion, and sleep disturbances leading to absence from school and work commitments were also reported, albeit less frequently. The relationship between technology use and poor psychosocial outcomes was conceptualised as being complex and often cyclic in nature, whereby disadvantage and family dynamics were often predictive of problems. Most services did not formally screen for technology-related problems, however many were interested in upskilling by way of training, awareness, and implementation of screening measures and formal referral procedures. This research suggests that young people are presenting with technology-related problems but that more needs to be done to provide youth services and organisations with adequate support to identify and assist with these issues.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 30-07-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-05-2020
DOI: 10.1007/S10899-019-09859-8
Abstract: Internet gambling has been widely legalised in recognition of its capacity to, and the importance of, providing consumer protection tools to prevent and minimise gambling-related harms. Most licensed Internet gambling sites are required to provide consumer protection tools, including activity statements, deposit limits, and time-outs (temporary self-exclusion). However, few Internet gambling customers engage with the tools. An online survey of 564 customers of Australian Internet gambling sites aimed to understand the extent to which consumer protection tools are used, characteristics of those using these tools, and the perceptions and attitudes towards tool use, including barriers to use. Most participants were aware of the tools and had accessed activity statements few had used deposit limits (24.5%) or time-outs (8.1%) but use of these restrictive tools was higher among those at-risk of gambling problems. Satisfaction with tools was generally high among users and tools were mostly used as intended however, only moderate changes in behaviour were reported. Participants predominately did not use the restrictive tools as they did not see these as relevant for them, and they were perceived to be intended for people with gambling problems. The findings are important to drive necessary improvements to consumer protection efforts including efforts to encourage perception that tools are relevant for all customers. Changes to current practice, including terminology and promotion of tools, are needed by Internet gambling operators and policy makers to improve the utilisation and effectiveness of consumer protection tools to enable sustainable gambling among the broader cohort of Internet gamblers.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-08-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-12-2016
DOI: 10.1002/CPP.2062
Abstract: Culturally and linguistically erse (CALD) populations often have high rates of addictive disorders, but lower rates of treatment seeking and completion than the mainstream population. A significant barrier to treatment is the lack of culturally relevant and appropriate treatment. A literature review was conducted to identify relevant literature related to cultural competence in mental health services delivery and specifically treatment for addictive disorders. Several theoretical models of cultural competence in therapy have been developed, but the lack of rigorous research limits the empirical evidence available. Research indicates that culturally competent treatment practices including providing therapy and materials in the client's language, knowledge, understanding and appreciation for cultural perspectives and nuances, involving the wider family and community and training therapists can enhance client engagement, retention and treatment outcomes for substance use and gambling. Further methodologically rigorous research is needed to isolate the impact of cultural competence for the treatment of addictions and guide research to determine treatment efficacy within specific CALD populations. Training therapists and recruiting therapists and researchers from CALD communities is important to ensure an ongoing focus and improved outcomes for CALD populations due to the importance of engaging these populations with addiction treatment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Key Practitioner Message: The treatment needs of culturally erse in iduals with addictions are often not met. Theoretical models can guide therapists in incorporating cultural competence. Culturally targeted treatments increase recruitment, retention and treatment outcomes. Cultural competence includes matching clinicians and clients on linguistic and cultural backgrounds as well as being mindful of the impact of culture on client's experience of addiction problems. Few methodologically rigorous trials have been conducted to guide treatment practices and research needs to be incorporated into existing culturally relevant treatment services.
Start Date: 09-2016
End Date: 03-2020
Amount: $369,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity