ORCID Profile
0000-0001-5080-4697
Current Organisations
Technische Universität Dresden
,
University of Wollongong
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Planetary Science (excl. Extraterrestrial Geology) | Geochemistry | Geodynamics | Isotope Geochemistry
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-07-2013
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-2016
DOI: 10.1093/IJE/DYW255
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-05-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2003
DOI: 10.1038/NRG1206
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-04-2017
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 27-05-2015
DOI: 10.1017/THG.2015.29
Abstract: For over 100 years, the genetics of human anthropometric traits has attracted scientific interest. In particular, height and body mass index (BMI, calculated as kg/m 2 ) have been under intensive genetic research. However, it is still largely unknown whether and how heritability estimates vary between human populations. Opportunities to address this question have increased recently because of the establishment of many new twin cohorts and the increasing accumulation of data in established twin cohorts. We started a new research project to analyze systematically (1) the variation of heritability estimates of height, BMI and their trajectories over the life course between birth cohorts, ethnicities and countries, and (2) to study the effects of birth-related factors, education and smoking on these anthropometric traits and whether these effects vary between twin cohorts. We identified 67 twin projects, including both monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins, using various sources. We asked for in idual level data on height and weight including repeated measurements, birth related traits, background variables, education and smoking. By the end of 2014, 48 projects participated. Together, we have 893,458 height and weight measures (52% females) from 434,723 twin in iduals, including 201,192 complete twin pairs (40% monozygotic, 40% same-sex dizygotic and 20% opposite-sex dizygotic) representing 22 countries. This project demonstrates that large-scale international twin studies are feasible and can promote the use of existing data for novel research purposes.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-04-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-04-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-11-2023
DOI: 10.1111/GGR.12463
Abstract: Zircon geochemistry can vary over micrometre scales therefore, natural reference materials need to be well characterised before being used to calculate trace element mass fractions in unmeasured s les. Moreover, reference material homogeneity needs to be ensured with the accelerating rate of geoanalytical developments to map mineral chemistry at increasingly finer scales. Here, we investigate trace element zoning in four widely used zircon reference materials: 91500, Mud Tank, Temora and Plešovice, as well as zircon crystals from the Mount Dromedary/Gulaga Igneous Complex, Australia. Sub‐micrometre resolution focused ion beam scanning electron microscope (FIB‐SEM) based time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) and 5 μm resolution LA‐ICP‐MS mapping show that trace elements are zoned in all reference materials, though 91500 exhibited the least zonation. We demonstrate that FIB‐SEM‐based ToF‐SIMS can rapidly resolve variations in trace elements (e.g., U, Th, Sc, Y, Gd, Dy, Yb and Li) at sensitivities down to the μg g ‐1 level with a spatial resolution of 195 nm for areas 100 × 85 μm to 959 × 828 μm. Zircon 91500 is recommended for future quantitative analyses provided that (1) the spatial distribution of elements is imaged before analysis of unknown s les and (2) it is used in conjunction with a doped glass as the primary reference material.
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-12-2201
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 16-01-2019
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-04-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-03-2017
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 04-09-2015
DOI: 10.1017/THG.2015.57
Abstract: A trend toward greater body size in dizygotic (DZ) than in monozygotic (MZ) twins has been suggested by some but not all studies, and this difference may also vary by age. We analyzed zygosity differences in mean values and variances of height and body mass index (BMI) among male and female twins from infancy to old age. Data were derived from an international database of 54 twin cohorts participating in the COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins), and included 842,951 height and BMI measurements from twins aged 1 to 102 years. The results showed that DZ twins were consistently taller than MZ twins, with differences of up to 2.0 cm in childhood and adolescence and up to 0.9 cm in adulthood. Similarly, a greater mean BMI of up to 0.3 kg/m 2 in childhood and adolescence and up to 0.2 kg/m 2 in adulthood was observed in DZ twins, although the pattern was less consistent. DZ twins presented up to 1.7% greater height and 1.9% greater BMI than MZ twins these percentage differences were largest in middle and late childhood and decreased with age in both sexes. The variance of height was similar in MZ and DZ twins at most ages. In contrast, the variance of BMI was significantly higher in DZ than in MZ twins, particularly in childhood. In conclusion, DZ twins were generally taller and had greater BMI than MZ twins, but the differences decreased with age in both sexes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Geological Society of America
Date: 06-06-2019
DOI: 10.1130/G46047.1
Abstract: Hydrothermal systems hosted by submarine arc volcanoes commonly include a large component of magmatic fluid. The high Cu-Au contents and strongly acidic fluids in these systems are similar to those that formed in the shallow parts of some porphyry copper and epithermal gold deposits mined today on land. Two main types of hydrothermal systems occur along the submarine portion of the Kermadec arc (offshore New Zealand): magmatically influenced and seawater-dominated systems. Brothers volcano hosts both types. Here, we report results from a series of drill holes cored by the International Ocean Discovery Program into these two types of hydrothermal systems. We show that the extent of hydrothermal alteration of the host dacitic volcaniclastics and lavas reflects primary lithological porosity and contrasting spatial and temporal contributions of magmatic fluid, hydrothermal fluid, and seawater. We present a two-step model that links the changes in hydrothermal fluid regime to the evolution of the volcano caldera. Initial hydrothermal activity, prior to caldera formation, was dominated by magmatic gases and hypersaline brines. The former mixed with seawater as they ascended toward the seafloor, and the latter remained sequestered in the subsurface. Following caldera collapse, seawater infiltrated the volcano through fault-controlled permeability, interacted with wall rock and the segregated brines, and transported associated metals toward the seafloor and formed Cu-Zn-Au–rich chimneys on the caldera walls and rim, a process continuing to the present day. This two-step process may be common in submarine arc caldera volcanoes that host volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits, and it is particularly efficient at focusing mineralization at, or near, the seafloor.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-03-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-03-2016
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2202
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 21-05-2021
DOI: 10.3389/FNAGI.2021.617733
Abstract: We and others have reported that Notch3 is a regulator of adult hippoc al neurogenesis. Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), the most common genetic form of vascular dementia, is caused by mutations in Notch3 . The present study intended to investigate whether there is a correlation between altered adult hippoc al neurogenesis and spatial memory performance in CADASIL transgenic mice. To overcome visual disabilities that h ered behavioral testing of the original mice (on an FVB background) we back-crossed the existing TgN3 R169C CADASIL mouse model onto the C57BL/6J background. These animals showed an age-dependent increase in the pathognomonic granular osmiophilic material (GOM) deposition in the hippoc us. Analysis in the Morris water maze task at an age of 6 and 12 months revealed deficits in re-learning and perseverance in the CADASIL transgenic mice. Overexpression of Notch3 alone resulted in deficits in the use of spatial strategies and diminished adult neurogenesis in both age groups. The additional CADASIL mutation compensated the effect on strategy usage but not on adult neurogenesis. In brain bank tissue s les from deceased CADASIL patients we found signs of new neurons, as assessed by calretinin immunohistochemistry, but no conclusive quantification was possible. In summary, while our study confirmed the role of Notch3 in adult neurogenesis, we found a specific effect of the CADASIL mutation only on the reversion of the Notch3 effect on behavior, particularly visible at 6 months of age, consistent with a loss of function. The mutation did not revert the Notch3-dependent changes in adult neurogenesis or otherwise affected adult neurogenesis in this model.
Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.2138/AM-2021-7896
Abstract: Quartz is abundant in the Earth’s continental crust and persistent throughout the geological record. Trace element signatures in silica minerals can be used to infer processes operating in magmatic and hydrothermal systems. Conventional analyses of trace elements in silica minerals are limited by either spatial or mass resolution [e.g., wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, micro-X-ray fluorescence, laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)]. Time-of-flight SIMS (TOF-SIMS) is a relatively new technique for geological applications and provides both high spatial and mass resolution. This minimally destructive, in situ technique rapidly acquires a full suite of elements down to tens of nanometers depth. No previous study has utilized TOF-SIMS to analyze quartz or silica. Four s les of silica minerals representing distinct environments in a magmatic-hydrothermal system were characterized with optical microscopy and qualitative cathodoluminescence (CL), quantitatively analyzed for trace elements with a 157 nm LA-ICP-MS, and qualitatively mapped for trace elements using TOF-SIMS. The novel technique produced maps of trace element distribution in silica minerals to a maximum resolution of 65 nm and consistently resolved light elements (including Li) to 195 nm. That makes this study the highest resolution geochemical characterization of silica minerals and places it among the highest resolution analyses by TOF-SIMS, or any technique, for that matter. TOF-SIMS isotope maps differentiate trace elements hosted in nano- and micro-inclusions from lattice incorporation in quartz and cryptocrystalline silica—an impossibility for lower resolution techniques, allowing insights into cations substituting for Si4+ in the crystal lattice and their role in activating CL in low-temperature epithermal quartz. Further development of this technique could see TOF-SIMS become a routine tool for measuring diffusion profiles in a range of other geological materials. Quantification of TOF-SIMS would revolutionize mineral characterization, especially given its temporal efficiency and low-s ling volume.
Publisher: California Digital Library (CDL)
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.CMET.2022.01.005
Abstract: Although the neurogenesis-enhancing effects of exercise have been extensively studied, the molecular mechanisms underlying this response remain unclear. Here, we propose that this is mediated by the exercise-induced systemic release of the antioxidant selenium transport protein, selenoprotein P (SEPP1). Using knockout mouse models, we confirmed that SEPP1 and its receptor low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8) are required for the exercise-induced increase in adult hippoc al neurogenesis. In vivo selenium infusion increased hippoc al neural precursor cell (NPC) proliferation and adult neurogenesis. Mimicking the effect of exercise through dietary selenium supplementation restored neurogenesis and reversed the cognitive decline associated with aging and hippoc al injury, suggesting potential therapeutic relevance. These results provide a molecular mechanism linking exercise-induced changes in the systemic environment to the activation of quiescent hippoc al NPCs and their subsequent recruitment into the neurogenic trajectory.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-02-2015
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE14177
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-02-2015
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE14132
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: International Ocean Discovery Program
Date: 05-07-2019
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 04-2018
End Date: 06-2023
Amount: $333,357.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity