ORCID Profile
0000-0002-0665-0966
Current Organisations
NYU School of Medicine
,
New York University School of Medicine
,
University of Toronto
,
University of Melbourne
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Environmental Science and Management | Conservation and Biodiversity | Economic Models and Forecasting | Ecological Impacts of Climate Change | Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Environmental Knowledge | Applied Economics | Environmental Impact Assessment | Environment And Resource Economics | Natural Resource Management |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Flora, Fauna and Biodiversity at Regional or Larger Scales | Trade Policy | Border Biosecurity (incl. Quarantine and Inspection) | Economic Incentives for Environmental Protection | Ecosystem Assessment and Management at Regional or Larger Scales | Marine protected areas | Trade and Environment
Related Links
Publications
Substitution between biofuels and fossil fuels: Is there a green paradox?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2012
Managing Risk and Increasing the Robustness of Invasive Species Eradication Programs
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2015
DOI: 10.1002/APP5.105
Global insights into water resources, climate change and governance
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-11-2013
DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1746
Innovation diffusion among heterogeneous agents: Exploring complexity with agent-based modelling (ABM)
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-962-5.CH005
Abstract: In this paper we apply Agent-Based Modelling (ABM) to capture the complexity of the diffusion process depicted in Medical Innovation, the classic study on diffusion of a new drug Tetracycline by (Coleman, Katz, & Menzel, 1966). Based on our previous model with homogenous social agents, Gammanym (Ratna, Dray, Perez, Grafton, Newth, & Kompas, 2007), in this paper we further our analysis with heterogenous social agents who vary in terms of their degree of predisposition to knowledge. We also explore the impact of stage-dependent degrees of external influence from the change agent, pharmaceutical company in this case. Cumulative diffusion curves suggest that the pharmaceutical company plays a much weaker role in accelerating the speed of diffusion when a diffusion dynamics is explored with complex agents, defined as heterogenous agents under stage-dependent degrees of external influence. Although our exploration with groups of doctors with different combination of social and professional integration signifies the importance of interpersonal ties, our analysis also reveals that degree of adoption threshold or in idual predisposition to knowledge is crucial for adoption decisions. Overall, our approach brings in fresh insights to the burgeoning policy literature exploring complexity, by providing necessary framework for research translation to policy and practice.
Look before you treat: increasing the cost effectiveness of eradication programs with aerial surveillance
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-10-2017
Management strategies for vaccinated animals after an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease and the impact on return to trade
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 11-10-2019
Aid and the Control of Tuberculosis in Papua New Guinea: Is Australia's Assistance Cost-Effective?
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2014
DOI: 10.1002/APP5.37
A structural and stochastic optimal model for projections of LNG imports and exports in Asia-Pacific
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
Three Pillars of Fisheries Policy
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-06-2014
DOI: 10.1002/APP5.36
Cardiac‐locked bursts of muscle sympathetic nerve activity are absent in familial dysautonomia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-01-2013
Coping with Nasty Surprises: Improving Risk Management in the Public Sector Using Simplified Bayesian Methods
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-08-2015
DOI: 10.1002/APP5.100
Strengthening Tuberculosis Control Overseas: Who Benefits?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.JVAL.2014.11.008
Abstract: Although tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, available funding falls far short of that required for effective control. Economic and spillover consequences of investments in the treatment of tuberculosis are unclear, particularly when steep gradients in the disease and response are linked by population movements, such as that between Papua New Guinea (PNG) and the Australian cross-border region. To undertake an economic evaluation of Australian support for the expansion of basic Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course in the PNG border area of the South Fly from the current level of 14% coverage. Both cost-utility analysis and cost-benefit analysis were applied to models that allow for population movement across regions with different characteristics of tuberculosis burden, transmission, and access to treatment. Cost-benefit data were drawn primarily from estimates published by the World Health Organization, and disease transmission data were drawn from a previously published model. Investing $16 million to increase basic Directly Observed Treatment, Short Course coverage in the South Fly generates a net present value of roughly $74 million for Australia (discounted 2005 dollars). The cost per disability-adjusted life-year averted and quality-adjusted life-year saved for PNG is $7 and $4.6, respectively. Where regions with major disparities in tuberculosis burden and health system resourcing are connected through population movements, investments in tuberculosis control are of mutual benefit, resulting in net health and economic gains on both sides of the border. These findings are likely to inform the case for appropriate investment in tuberculosis control globally.
Haloalkaliphilic Bacteria and Actinobacteria from the Saline Habitats: New Opportunities for Biocatalysis and Bioremediation
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 07-11-2011
Uncertainty and the active adaptive management of marine reserves
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2005
The Movement Disorder Society Criteria for the Diagnosis of Multiple System Atrophy
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-04-2022
DOI: 10.1002/MDS.29005
Abstract: The second consensus criteria for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy (MSA) are widely recognized as the reference standard for clinical research, but lack sensitivity to diagnose the disease at early stages. To develop novel Movement Disorder Society (MDS) criteria for MSA diagnosis using an evidence‐based and consensus‐based methodology. We identified shortcomings of the second consensus criteria for MSA diagnosis and conducted a systematic literature review to answer predefined questions on clinical presentation and diagnostic tools relevant for MSA diagnosis. The criteria were developed and later optimized using two Delphi rounds within the MSA Criteria Revision Task Force, a survey for MDS membership, and a virtual Consensus Conference. The criteria for neuropathologically established MSA remain unchanged. For a clinical MSA diagnosis a new category of clinically established MSA is introduced, aiming for maximum specificity with acceptable sensitivity. A category of clinically probable MSA is defined to enhance sensitivity while maintaining specificity. A research category of possible prodromal MSA is designed to capture patients in the earliest stages when symptoms and signs are present, but do not meet the threshold for clinically established or clinically probable MSA. Brain magnetic resonance imaging markers suggestive of MSA are required for the diagnosis of clinically established MSA. The number of research biomarkers that support all clinical diagnostic categories will likely grow. This set of MDS MSA diagnostic criteria aims at improving the diagnostic accuracy, particularly in early disease stages. It requires validation in a prospective clinical and a clinicopathological study. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Impaired sensorimotor control of the hand in congenital absence of functional muscle spindles
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Date: 12-2018
Abstract: Patients with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN III) exhibit marked ataxia, including gait disturbances. We recently showed that functional muscle spindle afferents in the leg, recorded via intraneural microelectrodes inserted into the peroneal nerve, are absent in HSAN III, although large-diameter cutaneous afferents are intact. Moreover, there is a tight correlation between loss of proprioceptive acuity at the knee and the severity of gait impairment. We tested the hypothesis that manual motor performance is also compromised in HSAN III, attributed to the predicted absence of muscle spindles in the intrinsic muscles of the hand. Manual performance in the Purdue pegboard task was assessed in 12 in iduals with HSAN III and 11 age-matched healthy controls. The mean (±SD) pegboard score (number of pins inserted in 30 s) was 8.1 ± 1.9 and 8.6 ± 1.8 for the left and right hand, respectively, significantly lower than the scores for the controls (15.0 ± 1.3 and 16.0 ± 1.1 P 0.0001). Performance was not improved after kinesiology tape was applied over the joints of the hand. In 5 patients we inserted a tungsten microelectrode into the ulnar nerve at the wrist. No spontaneous or stretch-evoked muscle afferent activity could be identified in any of the 11 fascicles supplying intrinsic muscles of the hand, whereas touch-evoked activity from low-threshold cutaneous mechanoreceptor afferents could readily be recorded from 4 cutaneous fascicles. We conclude that functional muscle spindles are absent in the short muscles of the hand and most likely absent in the long finger flexors and extensors, and that this largely accounts for the poor manual motor performance in HSAN III. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We describe the impaired manual motor performance in patients with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (Riley-Day syndrome), who exhibit congenital insensitivity to pain, poor proprioception, and marked gait ataxia. We show that functional muscle spindles are absent in the intrinsic muscles of the hand, which we argue contributes to their poor performance in a task involving the precision grip.
Gaussian Process Regression for COP Trajectory Estimation in Healthy and Pathological Gait Using Instrumented Insoles
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 27-09-2021
Maximum economic yield
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2010
Increase in risk and its effects on welfare and optimal policies in a dynamic setting: The case of global pollution
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2014
DOI: 10.1057/GRIR.2014.5
Health and economic costs of early and delayed suppression and the unmitigated spread of COVID-19: The case of Australia
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 04-06-2021
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0252400
Abstract: We compare the health and economic costs of early and delayed mandated suppression and the unmitigated spread of ‘first-wave’ COVID-19 infections in Australia in 2020. Using a fit-for-purpose SIQRM-compartment model for susceptible, infected, quarantined, recovered and mortalities on active cases, that we fitted from recorded data, a value of a statistical life year (VSLY) and an age-adjusted value of statistical life (A-VSL), we find that the economic costs of unmitigated suppression are multiples more than for early mandated suppression. We also find that using an equivalent VSLY welfare loss from fatalities to estimated GDP losses, drawn from survey data and our own estimates of the impact of suppression measures on the economy, means that for early suppression not to be the preferred strategy requires that Australia would have to incur more than 12,500–30,000 deaths, depending on the fatality rate with unmitigated spread, to the economy costs of early mandated suppression. We also find that early rather than delayed mandated suppression imposes much lower economy and health costs and conclude that in high-income countries, like Australia, a ‘go early, go hard’ strategy to suppress COVID-19 results in the lowest estimated public health and economy costs.
Rice policy in a transitional economy: balancing the social and political objectives
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-02-2020
Pesticide use in Indonesian vegetable farming and its determinants
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 12-03-2018
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyse factors affecting the use of pesticides in intensive vegetable farming in Java, Indonesia. Evaluating such factors is expected to provide appropriate policies to reduce pesticides, and eventually, mitigates the adverse impacts of pesticides on human health and the environment. Data were compiled from a farm survey of randomly selected 240 vegetable farmers in three regions of Java in 2014. A concept of economic threshold was employed to analyse the pesticide use determinants, which were estimated using econometric models. Factors leading to the increase in the application of pesticides were the number of observed insect pests, prices of vegetables, use of local varieties, and use of mixed pesticides. Conversely, factors lowering the use of pesticides were the number of observed diseases, the cost of pesticides, and area planted to vegetables. The most important factor in influencing pesticide use was farmers’ perception on the correct prediction of yield losses associated with pests and diseases. The s le for this research is somewhat low and the analysis was based on one-year data of the quantity of pesticides in a formulation. The use of pesticides can be reduced by training farmers on crop protection practices, which provide correct information on pests and diseases. Policies related to the price of pesticides would be ineffective, as farmers still highly relied on pesticides. These findings will be useful for reducing the use of pesticides in intensive vegetable farming in Indonesia, and in tropical countries in general. Pesticides have two opposite properties: to increase income on the one side and to cause devastation of life on the other side. Because pesticides are generally less selectively toxic than would be desired, non-targets including humans and the environment must be protected from contamination by these agrochemicals. This study found the most important determinants for reducing pesticide exposures in Indonesian intensive farming.
A Policy-enabling framework for the ex-ante evaluation of marine protected areas
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Cod today and none tomorrow: The economic value of a marine reserve
Publisher: University of Wisconsin Press
Date: 24-06-2009
DOI: 10.3368/LE.85.3.454
The Bioeconomics of Marine Reserves: A Selected Review with Policy Implications
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2005
Bioeconomic losses from overharvesting tuna
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2010
Multiple system atrophy
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-08-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41572-022-00382-6
Abstract: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by neuronal loss and gliosis in multiple areas of the central nervous system including striatonigral, olivopontocerebellar and central autonomic structures. Oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions containing misfolded and aggregated α-synuclein are the histopathological hallmark of MSA. A firm clinical diagnosis requires the presence of autonomic dysfunction in combination with parkinsonism that responds poorly to levodopa and/or cerebellar ataxia. Clinical diagnostic accuracy is suboptimal in early disease because of phenotypic overlaps with Parkinson disease or other types of degenerative parkinsonism as well as with other cerebellar disorders. The symptomatic management of MSA requires a complex multimodal approach to compensate for autonomic failure, alleviate parkinsonism and cerebellar ataxia and associated disabilities. None of the available treatments significantly slows the aggressive course of MSA. Despite several failed trials in the past, a robust pipeline of putative disease-modifying agents, along with progress towards early diagnosis and the development of sensitive diagnostic and progression biomarkers for MSA, offer new hope for patients.
Are marine reserves and harvest control rules substitutes or complements for rebuilding fisheries?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
Shifting from Green Revolution to environmentally sound policies: Technological change in Indonesian rice agriculture
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-04-2010
Visual fixation patterns in subjective quality assessment: The relative impact of image content and structural distortions
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2010
Capacity Reduction and Productivity: A Profit Decomposition for the Australian South East Trawl Fishery
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-09-2007
Epidemiological modelling of the health and economic effects of COVID-19 control in Australia’s second wave
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-06-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S10389-021-01611-0
Abstract: We investigated the public health and economy outcomes of different levels of social distancing to control a ‘second wave’ outbreak in Australia and identify implications for public health management of COVID-19. In idual-based and compartment models were used to simulate the effects of different social distancing and detection strategies on Australian COVID-19 infections and the economy from March to July 2020. These models were used to evaluate the effects of different social distancing levels and the early relaxation of suppression measures, in terms of public health and economy outcomes. The models, fitted to observations up to July 2020, yielded projections consistent with subsequent cases and showed that better public health outcomes and lower economy costs occur when social distancing measures are more stringent, implemented earlier and implemented for a sufficiently long duration. Early relaxation of suppression results in worse public health outcomes and higher economy costs. Better public health outcomes (reduced COVID-19 fatalities) are positively associated with lower economy costs and higher levels of social distancing achieving zero community transmission lowers both public health and economy costs compared to allowing community transmission to continue and early relaxation of social distancing increases both public health and economy costs.
Is diversity bad for economic growth?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2009
OUTPUT VERSUS INPUT CONTROLS UNDER UNCERTAINTY: THE CASE OF A FISHERY
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-04-2009
Economics of Overexploitation Revisited
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 07-12-2007
Abstract: About 25% of the world's fisheries are depleted such that their current biomass is lower than the level that would maximize the sustained yield (MSY). By using methods not previously applied in the fisheries conservation context, we show in four disparate fisheries (including the long-lived and slow-growing orange roughy) that the dynamic maximum economic yield (MEY), the biomass that produces the largest discounted economic profits from fishing, exceeds MSY. Thus, although it is theoretically possible that maximizing discounted economic profits may cause stock depletions, our results show there is a win-win: In many fisheries at reasonable discount rates and at current prices and costs, larger fish stocks increase economic profits. An MEY target that exceeds MSY and transfers from higher, future profits to compensate fishers for the transition costs of stock rebuilding would help overcome a key cause of fisheries overexploitation, industry opposition to lower harvests.
Optimisation of economic performance and stock resilience in marine capture fisheries
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Increasing cutaneous afferent feedback improves proprioceptive accuracy at the knee in patients with sensory ataxia
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Date: 02-2016
Abstract: Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN III) features disturbed proprioception and a marked ataxic gait. We recently showed that joint angle matching error at the knee is positively correlated with the degree of ataxia. Using intraneural microelectrodes, we also documented that these patients lack functional muscle spindle afferents but have preserved large-diameter cutaneous afferents, suggesting that patients with better proprioception may be relying more on proprioceptive cues provided by tactile afferents. We tested the hypothesis that enhancing cutaneous sensory feedback by stretching the skin at the knee joint using unidirectional elasticity tape could improve proprioceptive accuracy in patients with a congenital absence of functional muscle spindles. Passive joint angle matching at the knee was used to assess proprioceptive accuracy in 25 patients with HSAN III and 9 age-matched control subjects, with and without taping. Angles of the reference and indicator knees were recorded with digital inclinometers and the absolute error, gradient, and correlation coefficient between the two sides calculated. Patients with HSAN III performed poorly on the joint angle matching test [mean matching error 8.0 ± 0.8° (±SE) controls 3.0 ± 0.3°]. Following application of tape bilaterally to the knee in an X-shaped pattern, proprioceptive performance improved significantly in the patients (mean error 5.4 ± 0.7°) but not in the controls (3.0 ± 0.2°). Across patients, but not controls, significant increases in gradient and correlation coefficient were also apparent following taping. We conclude that taping improves proprioception at the knee in HSAN III, presumably via enhanced sensory feedback from the skin.
Capacity reduction, quota trading and productivity: the case of a fishery*
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2006
A note on rational speculative bubbles
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1989
Bridging the barriers: knowledge connections, productivity and capital accumulation
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-05-2007
Optimal surveillance against bioinvasions: a sample average approximation method applied to an agent‐based spread model
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-10-2021
DOI: 10.1002/EAP.2449
Abstract: Trade‐offs exist between the point of early detection and the future cost of controlling any invasive species. Finding optimal levels of early detection, with post‐border active surveillance, where time, space and randomness are explicitly considered, is computationally challenging. We use a stochastic programming model to find the optimal level of surveillance and predict damages, easing the computational challenge by combining a s le average approximation (SAA) approach and parallel processing techniques. The model is applied to the case of Asian Papaya Fruit Fly (PFF), a highly destructive pest, in Queensland, Australia. To capture the non‐linearity in PFF spread, we use an agent‐based model (ABM), which is calibrated to a highly detailed land‐use raster map (50 m × 50 m) and weather‐related data, validated against a historical outbreak. The combination of SAA and ABM sets our work apart from the existing literature. Indeed, despite its increasing popularity as a powerful analytical tool, given its granularity and capability to model the system of interest adequately, the complexity of ABM limits its application in optimizing frameworks due to considerable uncertainty about solution quality. In this light, the use of SAA ensures quality in the optimal solution (with a measured optimality gap) while still being able to handle large‐scale decision‐making problems. With this combination, our application suggests that the optimal (economic) trap grid size for PFF in Queensland is ˜0.7 km, much smaller than the currently implemented level of 5 km. Although the current policy implies a much lower surveillance cost per year, compared with the $2.08 million under our optimal policy, the expected total cost of an outbreak is $23.92 million, much higher than the optimal policy of roughly $7.74 million.
Institutional Economics and Fisheries Management: the case of Pacific Tuna
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2007
Optimal surveillance against foot-and-mouth disease: the case of bulk milk testing in Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-08-2017
Measuring Energy Expenditure in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Are Portable Methods Valid and Acceptable?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2008
Estimating Maximum Economic Yield in Multispecies Fisheries: A Review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-11-2018
A practical optimal surveillance policy for invasive weeds: An application to Hawkweed in Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Health and Economic Costs of Early, Delayed and No Suppression of COVID-19: The Case of Australia
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 23-06-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.21.20136549
Abstract: We compare the health and economic costs of early (actual), delayed and no suppression of COVID-19 infections in 2020 in Australia. Using a fit-for-purpose compartment model that we fitted from recorded data, a value of a statistical life year (VSLY) and an age-adjusted value of statistical life (A-VSL), we find: (1) the economic costs of no suppression are multiples more than for early suppression (2) VSLY welfare losses of fatalities equivalent to GDP losses mean that for early suppression to not to be the preferred strategy requires that Australians prefer more than 12,500–30,000 deaths to the economy costs of early suppression, depending on the fatality rate and (3) early rather than delayed suppression imposes much lower economy and health costs. We conclude that in high-income countries, like Australia, a ‘go early, go hard’ strategy to suppress COVID-19 results in the lowest estimated public health and economy costs.
Visual attention modelling for subjective image quality databases
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2009
Analysing inter-observer saliency variations in task-free viewing of natural images
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2010
Firm Efficiency in a Transitional Economy: Evidence from Vietnam
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2008
Equilibrium Modeling for Environmental Science: Exploring the Nexus of Economic Systems and Environmental Change
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 09-2021
DOI: 10.1029/2020EF001923
Abstract: Equilibrium models (EMs) are frequently employed to examine the potential impacts of economic, energy, and trade policies as well as form the foundation of most integrated assessment models. Despite their central role coupling economic and environmental systems, environmental scientists are largely unfamiliar with the structure and methodology underpinning EMs, which serves as a barrier to interdisciplinary collaboration and model improvement. In this study we systematically extract data from 10 years of published EMs with a focus on how these models have been extended beyond their economic origins to encompass environmentally relevant sectors of interest. The results indicate that there is far greater spatial coverage of high income countries compared to low income countries, with notable gaps in Central America, Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia. We also find a high degree of aggregation within production inputs and sectoral outputs, particularly within the context of global socioeconomic scenarios. For ex le, we were unable to identify a single temporally dynamic study that distinguished between products arising from managed versus natural forest, or pastures relative to natural grasslands. Due to the necessary breadth and associated knowledge gaps within a model of the entire global economy, we see considerable potential for cross‐disciplinary innovation as natural scientists gain familiarity into the role these models play in bridging the nexus between socioeconomic systems and environmental change.
Maximizing profits and conserving stocks in the Australian Northern Prawn Fishery
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2010
Biomass management targets and the conservation and economic benefits of marine reserves
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-09-2014
DOI: 10.1111/FAF.12008
Optimal dynamic water allocation: Irrigation extractions and environmental tradeoffs in the Murray River, Australia
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 30-06-2011
DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009786
Preventing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: The role of protection motivation theory
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-02-2010
MEY for a short-lived species: A neural network approach
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Genome sequencing analysis identifies new loci associated with Lewy body dementia and provides insights into its genetic architecture
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-02-2021
Approaches for estimating benefits and costs of interventions in plant biosecurity across invasion phases
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-05-2021
DOI: 10.1002/EAP.2319
Abstract: Nonnative plant pests cause billions of dollars in damages. It is critical to prevent or reduce these losses by intervening at various stages of the invasion process, including pathway risk management (to prevent pest arrival), surveillance and eradication (to counter establishment), and management of established pests (to limit damages). Quantifying benefits and costs of these interventions is important to justify and prioritize investments and to inform biosecurity policy. However, approaches for these estimations differ in (1) the assumed relationship between supply, demand, and prices, and (2) the ability to assess different types of direct and indirect costs at invasion stages, for a given arrival or establishment probability. Here we review economic approaches available to estimate benefits and costs of biosecurity interventions to inform the appropriate selection of approaches. In doing so, we complement previous studies and reviews on estimates of damages from invasive species by considering the influence of economic and methodological assumptions. Cost accounting is suitable for rapid decisions, specific impacts, and simple methodological assumptions but fails to account for feedbacks, such as market adjustments, and may overestimate long‐term economic impacts. Partial equilibrium models consider changes in consumer and producer surplus due to pest impacts or interventions and can account for feedbacks in affected sectors but require specialized economic models, comprehensive data sets, and estimates of commodity supply and demand curves. More intensive computable general equilibrium models can account for feedbacks across entire economies, including capital and labor, and linkages among these. The two major considerations in choosing an approach are (1) the goals of the analysis (e.g., consideration of a single pest or intervention with a limited range of impacts vs. multiple interventions, pests or sectors), and (2) the resources available for analysis such as knowledge, budget and time.
Electrical activation of the human vestibulo-sympathetic reflex
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-11-2005
DOI: 10.1007/S00221-005-0266-9
Abstract: Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) is modulated on a beat-to-beat basis by the baroreflex. Vestibular input from the otolith organs also modulates MSNA, but characteristics of the vestibulo-sympathetic reflex (VSR) are largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to elicit the VSR with electrical stimulation to estimate its latency in generating MSNA. The vestibular nerves of seven subjects were stimulated across the mastoids with short trains of high frequency, constant current pulses. Pulse trains were delivered every fourth heartbeat at delays of 300-700 ms after the R wave of the electrocardiogram. Vestibular nerve stimulation given 500 ms after the R wave significantly increased baroreflex-driven MSNA, as well as the diastolic blood pressure threshold at which bursts of MSNA occurred. These changes were specific to beats in which vestibular stimulation was applied. Electrical stimulation across the shoulders provided a control condition. When trans-shoulder trials were subtracted from trials with vestibular nerve stimulation, eliminating the background baroreflex-driven sympathetic activity, there was a sharp increase in MSNA beginning 660 ms after the vestibular nerve stimulus and lasting for about 60 ms. The increase in the MSNA produced by vestibular nerve stimulation, and the associated increase in the diastolic blood pressure threshold at which the baroreflex-driven bursts occurred, provide evidence for the presence of a short-latency VSR in humans that is likely to be important for the maintenance of blood pressure during rapid changes in head and body position with respect to gravity.
Volumetric Water Pricing, Social Surplus and Supply Augmentation
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 2015
Reduced-reference metric design for objective perceptual quality assessment in wireless imaging
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
Diminished muscle oxygen uptake and fatigue in spinal muscular atrophy
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-03-2021
DOI: 10.1002/ACN3.51353
Stronger together: a new pandemic agenda for South Asia
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 08-2021
Can loss of muscle spindle afferents explain the ataxic gait in Riley-Day syndrome?
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-2011
DOI: 10.1093/BRAIN/AWR168
Complementarity of No-Take Marine Reserves and Individual Transferable Catch Quotas for Managing the Line Fishery of the Great Barrier Reef
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1523-1739.2010.01590.X
Abstract: Changes in the management of the fin fish fishery of the Great Barrier Reef motivated us to investigate the combined effects on economic returns and fish biomass of no-take areas and regulated total allowable catch allocated in the form of in idual transferable quotas (such quotas apportion the total allowable catch as fishing rights and permits the buying and selling of these rights among fishers). We built a spatially explicit biological and economic model of the fishery to analyze the trade-offs between maintaining given levels of fish biomass and the net financial returns from fishing under different management regimes. Results of the scenarios we modeled suggested that a decrease in total allowable catch at high levels of harvest either increased net returns or lowered them only slightly, but increased biomass by up to 10% for a wide range of reserve sizes and an increase in the reserve area from none to 16% did not greatly change net returns at any catch level. Thus, catch shares and no-take reserves can be complementary and when these methods are used jointly they promote lower total allowable catches when harvest is relatively high and encourage larger no-take areas when they are small.
FEVD: Just IV or just mistaken?
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1093/PAN/MPR012
Abstract: Fixed effects vector decomposition (FEVD) is simply an instrumental variables (IV) estimator with a particular choice of instruments and a special case of the well-known Hausman-Taylor IV procedure. Plümper and Troeger (PT) now acknowledge this point and disown the three-stage procedure that previously defined FEVD. Their old recipe for SEs, which has regrettably been used in dozens of published research papers, produces dramatic overconfidence in the estimates. Again PT concede the point and now adopt the standard IV formula for SEs. Knowing that FEVD is an application of IV also has the benefit of focusing attention on the choice of instruments. Now it seems PT claim that the FEVD instruments are always the best choice, on the grounds that one cannot know whether any potential instrument is correlated with the unit effect. One could just as readily make the same specious claim about other estimators, such as ordinary least squares, and support it with similar Monte Carlo assumptions and evidence.
Institutional impediments to conservation of freshwater dependent ecosystems
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2017.11.232
Abstract: When freshwater resources become scarce there is a trade-off between human resource demands and environmental sustainability. The cost of conserving freshwater ecosystems can potentially be reduced by implementing institutional reforms that endow environmental water managers with a permanent water entitlement and the capacity to store, trade and release water. Australia's Murray Darling Basin Plan (MDBP) includes one of the world's most ambitious programs to recover water for the environment, supported by institutional reforms that allow environmental water managers to operate in water markets. One of the anticipated benefits of the Plan is to improve the health of flood-dependent forests, which are among the most endangered ecosystems globally because of river regulation and land clearance. However, periodic flooding to conserve floodplain ecosystems in the MDB creates losses to riparian landowners such as damage to fencing and temporary loss of access to flooded land. To reduce these losses reservoir operators restrict daily water release volumes. Using a model of optimal water management in Australia's southern MDB we estimate that current reservoir operating restrictions will substantially reduce the ecological benefits of investments made to recover water for the environment. The reduction in benefits is largest if floodplain forests decline rapidly without periodic inundation. In the latter circumstances, ecological losses cannot significantly be reduced by allowing environmental water managers to operate in water markets. Our findings demonstrate that the recovery of large volumes of water for environmental purposes and water market reforms are insufficient for conserving flood-dependent ecosystems without coordination and cooperation among multiple stakeholders responsible for water and land management.
BMEY as a fisheries management target
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-11-2011
Effectiveness of harvest strategies in achieving multiple management objectives in a multispecies fishery
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-03-2020
Abstract: Fisheries management is characterised by multiple objectives, some of which may be complementary, while others may require trade‐offs between outcomes. Balancing these objectives is made more complex in the case of multispecies and multigear fisheries. In this paper, we develop a bioeconomic model that captures the key elements of such a fishery to test a range of potential harvest strategies to provide insights into how economic target reference points could lead to both desirable and undesirable management outcomes (e.g. discards). The model is developed as a long‐run optimisation model to identify target reference points to achieve multispecies maximum economic yield, and a dynamic recursive optimisation model, which includes more realistic representation of fishers’ behaviour, such as discards and trading of under‐caught species quotas. The potential economic, social and ecological impacts are evaluated using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The results suggest that the use of proxy target reference points can result in short‐term economic benefits at the cost of slower stock recovery and higher discarding. Limiting the number of species subject to quota controls may also prove beneficial in multispecies fisheries, while ensuring quota markets are efficient is likely to produce benefits irrespective of the harvest strategy adopted.
Development and testing of a questionnaire to measure older people's experience of the Transition Care Program in Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1741-6612.2010.00443.X
Abstract: Transition Care (TC) is a new program for older adults in Australia. At present, program quality is assessed using provider reports of compliance with key requirements established by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing. As part of the National Evaluation of the Transition Care Program, the authors developed a questionnaire to measure recipient experience of TC. Validity and reliability were assessed via interviews with 582 recipients or proxies 3 months after discharge from TC. Concordance between test-retest observations was high. Principal component analysis suggested three subscales were important: restoration, continuity of care and patient involvement. Recipients of TC in a residential care setting had lower mean scores on the restoration subscale compared to those who received services in the community. This study found that a standardised measure of recipient experience could inform quality improvement in TC and is feasible to administer via questionnaire.
The ‘curse of dimensionality’ resolved: The effects of climate change and trade barriers in large dimensional modelling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2019
Application of portfolio theory to asset-based biosecurity decision analysis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2015
Estimating the true (population) infection rate for COVID-19: A Backcasting Approach with Monte Carlo Methods
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 18-05-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.12.20098889
Abstract: Differences in COVID-19 testing and tracing across countries, as well as changes in testing within each country overtime, make it difficult to estimate the true (population) infection rate based on the confirmed number of cases obtained through RNA viral testing. We applied a backcasting approach, coupled with Monte Carlo methods, to estimate a distribution for the true (population) cumulative number of infections (infected and recovered) for 15 countries where reliable data are available. We find a positive relationship between the testing rate per 1,000 people and the implied true detection rate of COVID-19, and a negative relationship between the proportion who test positive and the implied true detection rate. Our estimates suggest that the true number of people infected across our s le of 15 developed countries is 18.2 (5-95% CI: 11.9-39.0) times greater than the reported number of cases. In in idual countries, the true number of cases exceeds the reported figure by factors that range from 1.7 (5-95% CI: 1.1-3.6) for Australia to 35.6 (5-95% CI: 23.2-76.3) for Belgium.
Health and economic effects of COVID-19 control in Australia: Modelling and quantifying the payoffs of ‘hard’ versus ‘soft’ lockdown
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 02-09-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.31.20185587
Abstract: Australia requires high quality evidence to optimise likely health and economy outcomes to effectively manage the current resurgence of COVID-19. We hypothesise that the most stringent social distancing (SD) measures (100% of level in Australia in April 2020) deliver better public health and economy outcomes. ‘Fit-for-purpose’ (in idual-based and compartment) models were used to simulate the effects of different SD and detection strategies on Australian COVID-19 infections and the economy from March to July 2020. Public reported COVID-19 data were used to estimate model parameters. Public health and economy outcomes for multiple social distancing levels were evaluated, assessing “hard” versus “soft” lockdowns, and for early versus later relaxation of social distancing. Outcomes included costs and the timing and magnitude of observed COVID-19 cases and cumulative deaths in Australia from March to June 2020. Higher levels of social distancing achieve zero community transmission with 100% probability and lower economy cost while low levels of social distancing result in uncontrolled outbreaks and higher economy costs. High social distancing total economy costs were $17.4B versus $41.2B for 0.7 social distancing. Early relaxation of suppression results in worse public health outcomes and higher economy costs. Better public health outcomes (reduced COVID-19 fatalities) are positively associated with lower economy costs and higher levels of social distancing achieving zero community transmission lowers both public health and economy costs compared to allowing community transmission to continue and early relaxation of social distancing increases both public health and economy costs. The known is that COVID-19 infections can be suppressed with social distancing (SD) measures of sufficient stringency and duration. The new is we find highest levels of SD (100% SD that prevailed in April 2020) generate much lower COVID-9 deaths reduced SD days increased economic activity and much higher probability of elimination over a subsequent 12-month period than lower levels of SD. The implications are that greater levels of SD are preferred to lower SD because they deliver both better public health and lower economy costs.
Comparing approximation techniques to continuous-time stochastic dynamic programming problems: Applications to natural resource modelling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2012
Recommendations of the Global Multiple System Atrophy Research Roadmap Meeting
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 13-12-2017
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004798
Abstract: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder with substantial knowledge gaps despite recent gains in basic and clinical research. In order to make further advances, concerted international collaboration is vital. In 2014, an international meeting involving leaders in the field and MSA advocacy groups was convened in Las Vegas, Nevada, to identify critical research areas where consensus and progress was needed to improve understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of the disease. Eight topic areas were defined: pathogenesis, preclinical modeling, target identification, endophenotyping, clinical measures, imaging biomarkers, nonimaging biomarkers, treatments/trial designs, and patient advocacy. For each topic area, an expert served as a working group chair and each working group developed priority-ranked research recommendations with associated timelines and pathways to reach the intended goals. In this report, each groups' recommendations are provided.
Delimiting a species’ geographic range using posterior sampling and computational geometry
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-06-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-019-45318-5
Abstract: Accurate delimitation of the geographic range of a species is important for control of biological invasions, conservation of threatened species, and understanding species range dynamics under environmental change. However, estimating range boundaries is challenging because monitoring methods are imperfect, the area that might contain in iduals is often incompletely surveyed, and species may have patchy distributions. In these circumstances, large areas can be surveyed without finding in iduals despite occupancy extending beyond surveyed areas, resulting in underestimation of range limits. We developed a delimitation method that can be applied with imperfect survey data and patchy distributions. The approach is to construct polygons indicative of the geographic range of a species. Each polygon is associated with a specific probability such that each interior point of the polygon has at least that posterior probability of being interior to the true boundary according to a Bayesian model. The method uses the posterior distribution of latent quantities derived from an agent-based Bayesian model and calculates the posterior distribution of the range as a derived quantity from Markov chain Monte Carlo s les. An application of this method described here informed the Australian c aign to eradicate red imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta).
Language, mixed communes, and infrastructure
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
Secretion of an alkaline protease from a salt- tolerant and alkaliphilic, Streptomyces clavuligerus strain MIT-1
Publisher: FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
Date: 12-2007
Quantity and monetary value of agrochemical pollution from intensive farming in Indonesia
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 11-03-2026
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to measure the environmental performance of intensive farming and estimate agrochemical waste in physical and monetary terms. The intensive farming provides adverse impacts including health and environmental quality associated with the use of agrochemicals. This study uses a theory of environmental efficiency that measures how efficient the farm uses agrochemical inputs. The efficiency was estimated using a set of farm-level data of intensive farming that use agrochemicals. Data were compiled from a survey of randomly selected 240 farmers who operated intensive farming in three regions of Java in 2014. The results show that the performance of intensive farming was low. This condition caused agrochemical waste leading to the externality. Taking the external costs into account resulted in the improvement in efficiency of agrochemicals. The actual level of agrochemicals was about a hundred times higher than the most efficient level. This study is beyond the exogenous external costs. There is a need for a further comprehensive study to include more exogenous external costs associated with agrochemicals to have the potential value of such costs and the most socially efficient use of agrochemicals. The long-term effects of external cost to the environment and socio-economic livelihood of the farmers and other communities are considerable. Advocating for alternatives to decrease the use of detrimental agro-inputs, in the long run, will provide sound quality of the environment. Socially, both producers and consumers get the environmental and health benefits. To reduce the agrochemical waste that caused environmental problems, a policy should be formulated to make farming more efficient, particularly for agrochemical use. It can be done by introducing agronomic technologies and enhancing farmers’ knowledge on environmentally friendly agriculture. Environmental efficiency is able to estimate the quantity of agrochemical waste. The waste is a kind of non-point source pollution whose source and quantity are very difficult to identify and measure. As there are many definitions and measurement of environmental performance, this concept of environmental efficiency can be one of the alternatives.
Contribution of productivity and firm size to value-added: Evidence from Vietnam
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2009
Relationship between proprioception at the knee joint and gait ataxia in HSAN III
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-05-2013
DOI: 10.1002/MDS.25482
Actinomycetes from marine habitats and their enzymatic potential
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2013
US biofuels subsidies and CO2 emissions: An empirical test for a weak and a strong green paradox
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2014
Comparing two eye-tracking databases: The effect of experimental setup and image presentation time on the creation of saliency maps
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2010
Realizing resilience for decision-making
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-10-2019
Determinants of residential water consumption: Evidence and analysis from a 10-country household survey
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 08-2011
DOI: 10.1029/2010WR009685
Expanding the Genotypic Spectrum of Congenital Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies Using Whole-Exome Sequencing
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 05-03-2021
DOI: 10.1212/NXG.0000000000000568
Abstract: To test the hypothesis that many patients presenting with congenital insensitivity to pain have lesser known or unidentified mutations not captured by conventional genetic panels, we performed whole-exome sequencing in a cohort of well-characterized patients with a clinical diagnosis of congenital hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy with unrevealing conventional genetic testing. We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) in 13 patients with congenital impaired or absent sensation to pain and temperature with no identified molecular diagnosis from a conventional genetic panel. Patients underwent a comprehensive phenotypic assessment including autonomic function testing, and neurologic and ophthalmologic examinations. We identified known or likely pathogenic genetic causes of congenital insensitivity to pain in all 13 patients, spanning 9 genes, the vast majority of which were inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. These included known pathogenic variants (3 patients harboring mutations in TECPR2 and SCN11A ), suspected pathogenic variants in genes described to cause congenital sensory and autonomic syndromes (7 patients harboring variants in NGF , LIFR , SCN9A , and PRDM12 ), and likely pathogenic variants in novel genes (4 patients harboring variants in SMPDL3A, PLEKHN1, and SCN10A ). Our results expand the genetic landscape of congenital sensory and autonomic neuropathies. Further validation of some identified variants should confirm their pathogenicity. WES should be clinically considered to expedite diagnosis, reduce laboratory investigations, and guide enrollment in future gene therapy trials.
The Effects of Climate Change on GDP by Country and the Global Economic Gains From Complying With the Paris Climate Accord
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 08-2018
DOI: 10.1029/2018EF000922
Economics for fisheries management
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 02-03-2017
Disturbances in affective touch in hereditary sensory & autonomic neuropathy type III
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Assessing the coastal protection services of natural mangrove forests and artificial rock revetments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2022
A Retrospective Evaluation of Sustainable Yields for Australia’s Northern Prawn Fishery: An alternative view
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2013
A brave new world? Kantian–Nashian interaction and the dynamics of global climate change mitigation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Volumetric water pricing, social surplus and supply augmentation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2014
Comment 2 on ‘Natural resource management’ by Pannell, Doole and Cheung
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2016
Beyond biological performance measures in management strategy evaluation: Bringing in economics and the effects of trawling on the benthos
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
Marine reserves with ecological uncertainty
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-2005
DOI: 10.1016/J.BULM.2004.11.006
Abstract: To help manage the fluctuations inherent in fish populations scientists have argued for both an ecosystem approach to management and the greater use of marine reserves. Support for reserves includes empirical evidence that they can raise the spawning biomass and mean size of exploited populations, increase the abundance of species and, relative to reference sites, raise population density, biomass, fish size and ersity. By contrast, fishers often oppose the establishment and expansion of marine reserves and claim that reserves provide few, if any, economic payoffs. Using a stochastic optimal control model with two forms of ecological uncertainty we demonstrate that reserves create a resilience effect that allows for the population to recover faster, and can also raise the harvest immediately following a negative shock. The tradeoff of a larger reserve is a reduced harvest in the absence of a negative shock such that a reserve will never encompass the entire population if the goal is to maximize the economic returns from harvesting, and fishing is profitable. Under a wide range of parameter values with ecological uncertainty, and in the 'worst case' scenario for a reserve, we show that a marine reserve can increase the economic payoff to fishers even when the harvested population is not initially overexploited, harvesting is economically optimal and the population is persistent. Moreover, we show that the benefits of a reserve cannot be achieved by existing effort or output controls. Our results demonstrate that, in many cases, there is no tradeoff between the economic payoff of fishers and ecological benefits when a reserve is established at equal to, or less than, its optimum size.
What are the first quality reports from the Transition Care Program in Australia telling us?
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-04-2008
On the fixed-effects vector decomposition
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1093/PAN/MPQ026
Abstract: This paper analyzes the properties of the fixed-effects vector decomposition estimator, an emerging and popular technique for estimating time-invariant variables in panel data models with group effects. This estimator was initially motivated on heuristic grounds, and advocated on the strength of favorable Monte Carlo results, but with no formal analysis. We show that the three-stage procedure of this decomposition is equivalent to a standard instrumental variables approach, for a specific set of instruments. The instrumental variables representation facilitates the present formal analysis that finds: (1) The estimator reproduces exactly classical fixed-effects estimates for time-varying variables. (2) The standard errors recommended for this estimator are too small for both time-varying and time-invariant variables. (3) The estimator is inconsistent when the time-invariant variables are endogenous. (4) The reported s ling properties in the original Monte Carlo evidence do not account for presence of a group effect. (5) The decomposition estimator has higher risk than existing shrinkage approaches, unless the endogeneity problem is known to be small or no relevant instruments exist.
Fisheries instrument choice under uncertainty
Publisher: University of Wisconsin Press
Date: 12-09-2008
DOI: 10.3368/LE.84.4.652
Organic solvent tolerance of an alkaline protease from salt-tolerant alkaliphilic Streptomyces clavuligerus strain Mit-1
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 22-10-2009
Technical efficiency effects of input controls: evidence from Australia's banana prawn fishery
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2004
Budgeting and portfolio allocation for biosecurity measures
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-07-2019
On confidence and response times of human observers in subjective image quality assessment
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2009
Institutions matter: The case of Vietnam
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2009
Robust estimates of the true (population) infection rate for COVID-19: a backcasting approach
Publisher: The Royal Society
Date: 11-2020
DOI: 10.1098/RSOS.200909
Abstract: Differences in COVID-19 testing and tracing across countries, as well as changes in testing within each country over time, make it difficult to estimate the true (population) infection rate based on the confirmed number of cases obtained through RNA viral testing. We applied a backcasting approach to estimate a distribution for the true (population) cumulative number of infections (infected and recovered) for 15 developed countries. Our s le comprised countries with similar levels of medical care and with populations that have similar age distributions. Monte Carlo methods were used to robustly s le parameter uncertainty. We found a strong and statistically significant negative relationship between the proportion of the population who test positive and the implied true detection rate. Despite an overall improvement in detection rates as the pandemic has progressed, our estimates showed that, as at 31 August 2020, the true number of people to have been infected across our s le of 15 countries was 6.2 (95% CI: 4.3–10.9) times greater than the reported number of cases. In in idual countries, the true number of cases exceeded the reported figure by factors that range from 2.6 (95% CI: 1.8–4.5) for South Korea to 17.5 (95% CI: 12.2–30.7) for Italy.
Impulse controls and uncertainty in economics: Method and application
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Repression of alkaline protease in salt-tolerant alkaliphilic Streptomyces clavuligerus strain Mit-1 under the influence of amino acids in minimal medium
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2011
Targets and Fisheries Management in the Asia and Pacific Region
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2014
DOI: 10.1002/APP5.56
Market Reform, Incentives and Economic Development in Vietnamese Rice Production
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-2006
Technology choice and efficiency on Australian dairy farms
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2006
Endovascular procedures for the treatment of autonomic dysfunction
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-2013
Optimal surveillance against foot-and-mouth disease: A sample average approximation approach
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 09-07-2020
An updated checklist of Chondrichthyes from the southeast Pacific off Peru
Publisher: Pensoft Publishers
Date: 09-12-2015
DOI: 10.15560/11.6.1809
Abstract: The first updated and comprehensive checklist of Chondrichthyes from the southeast Pacific off Peru, based on the revision of scientific literature, is presented. The group of Chondrichthyes in the Peruvian coast is composed of 115 species that include 66 species of sharks, 43 species of batoids, and six species of chimaeras. We present nine new records and one recent discovery obtained from secondary sources. For some species, we also compiled the extensions in the geographic distributions.
Closure strategies as a tool for fisheries management in metapopulations subjected to catastrophic events
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-07-2010
Elbow proprioception is normal in patients with a congenital absence of functional muscle spindles
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-06-2020
DOI: 10.1113/JP279931
Abstract: In iduals with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN III), also known as Riley–Day syndrome or familial dysautonomia, do not have functional muscle spindle afferents but do have essentially normal cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Lack of muscle spindle feedback from the legs may account for the poor proprioception at the knee and the ataxic gait typical of HSAN III. Given that functional muscle spindle afferents are also absent in the upper limb, we assessed whether proprioception at the elbow was likewise compromised. Passive joint angle matching showed that proprioception was normal at the elbow, suggesting that in iduals with HSAN III rely more on cutaneous afferents around the elbow. Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III (HSAN III) is a rare neurological condition that features a marked ataxic gait that progressively worsens over time. We have shown that functional muscle spindle afferents are absent in the upper and lower limbs in HSAN III, and we have argued that this may account for the ataxia. We recently used passive joint angle matching to demonstrate that proprioception of the knee joint is very poor in HSAN III but can be improved towards normal by application of elastic kinesiology tape across the knee joints, which we attribute to the presence of intact cutaneous mechanoreceptors. Here we assessed whether proprioception was equally compromised at the elbow joint, and whether it could be improved through taping. Proprioception at the elbow joint was assessed using passive joint angle matching in 12 HSAN III patients and 12 age‐matched controls. There was no difference in absolute error, gradient or correlation coefficient of the relationship between joint angles of the reference and indicator arms. Unlike at the knee, taping did not improve elbow proprioception in either group. Clearly, the lack of muscle spindles compromised proprioception at the knee but not at the elbow, and we suggest that the HSAN III patients rely more on proprioceptive signals from the skin around the elbow.
Incentives and static and dynamic gains from market reform: rice production in Vietnam
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2001
Non-natives: 141 scientists object
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2011
DOI: 10.1038/475036A
Two-step purification of a highly thermostable alkaline protease from salt-tolerant alkaliphilic Streptomyces clavuligerus strain Mit-1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2007
Integrated perspective on translating biophysical to economic impacts of climate change
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-06-2021
Positioning fisheries in a changing world
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2008
Incentive-based approaches to sustainable fisheries
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Date: 03-2006
DOI: 10.1139/F05-247
Abstract: The failures of traditional target-species management have led many to propose an ecosystem approach to fisheries to promote sustainability. The ecosystem approach is necessary, especially to account for fisheryecosystem interactions, but by itself is not sufficient to address two important factors contributing to unsustainable fisheries: inappropriate incentives bearing on fishers and the ineffective governance that frequently exists in commercial, developed fisheries managed primarily by total-harvest limits and input controls. We contend that much greater emphasis must be placed on fisher motivation when managing fisheries. Using evidence from more than a dozen natural experiments in commercial fisheries, we argue that incentive-based approaches that better specify community and in idual harvest or territorial rights and price ecosystem services and that are coupled with public research, monitoring, and effective oversight promote sustainable fisheries.
Pricing Sydney water
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2007
Non-consumptive values and optimal marine reserve switching
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2010
Isolation and partial purification of an antimicrobial agent from halotolerant alkaliphilic Streptomyces aburaviensis strain Kut-8
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-03-2010
Rice land protection in a transitional economy: The case of Vietnam
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
A critique of the second consensus criteria for multiple system atrophy
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-04-2019
DOI: 10.1002/MDS.27701
Integrating size-structured assessment and bioeconomic management advice in Australia's northern prawn fishery
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 03-05-2010
Abstract: Punt, A. E., Deng, R. A., Dichmont, C. M., Kompas, T., Venables, W. N., Zhou, S., Pascoe, S., Hutton, T., Kenyon, R., van der Velde, T., and Kienzle, M. 2010. Integrating size-structured assessment and bioeconomic management advice in Australia's northern prawn fishery. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 1785–1801. Three species in Australia's northern prawn fishery (Penaeus semisulcatus, P. esculentus, and Metapenaeus endeavouri) are assessed using a size-structured population model that operates on a weekly time-step. The parameters of this multispecies population model are estimated using data on catches, catch rates, length frequency data from surveys and the fishery, and tag release–recapture data. The model allows for the technical interaction among the three species. The results from the multispecies stock assessment are used to calculate the time-series of catches and levels of fishing effort that maximize net present value. The bioeconomic model takes into account costs which are proportional to catches and those which are proportional to fishing effort, as well as fixed costs. The sensitivity of the results is examined by changing the assumptions regarding the values for the economic parameters of the bioeconomic model as well as those on which the assessment are based. The results suggest that fishing effort needs to be reduced in the short term to achieve economic goals, although most stocks are estimated currently to be above the stock size corresponding to maximum sustainable yield. Short-term catches and effort levels are sensitive to model assumptions, and in particular, to trends in prices and costs.
On implementing maximum economic yield in commercial fisheries
Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Date: 29-12-2010
Abstract: Economists have long argued that a fishery that maximizes its economic potential usually will also satisfy its conservation objectives. Recently, maximum economic yield (MEY) has been identified as a primary management objective for Australian fisheries and is under consideration elsewhere. However, first attempts at estimating MEY as an actual management target for a real fishery (rather than a conceptual or theoretical exercise) have highlighted some substantial complexities generally unconsidered by fisheries economists. Here, we highlight some of the main issues encountered in our experience and their implications for estimating and transitioning to MEY. Using a bioeconomic model of an Australian fishery for which MEY is the management target, we note that unconstrained optimization may result in effort trajectories that would not be acceptable to industry or managers. Different assumptions regarding appropriate constraints result in different outcomes, each of which may be considered a valid MEY. Similarly, alternative treatments of prices and costs may result in differing estimates of MEY and their associated effort trajectories. To develop an implementable management strategy in an adaptive management framework, a set of assumptions must be agreed among scientists, economists, and industry and managers, indicating that operationalizing MEY is not simply a matter of estimating the numbers but requires strong industry commitment and involvement.
Benchmarking for fisheries governance
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2007
Optimal water tariffs and supply augmentation for cost-of-service regulated water utilities
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
What vaccination rate(s) minimize total societal costs after ’opening up’ to COVID-19? Age-structured SIRM results for the Delta variant in Australia (New South Wales, Victoria and Western Australia)
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 14-06-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PGPH.0000499
Abstract: Using three age-structured, stochastic SIRM models, calibrated to Australian data post July 2021 with community transmission of the Delta variant, we projected possible public health outcomes (daily cases, hospitalisations, ICU beds, ventilators and fatalities) and economy costs for three states: New South Wales (NSW), Victoria (VIC) and Western Australia (WA). NSW and VIC have had on-going community transmission from July 2021 and were in ‘lockdown’ to suppress transmission. WA did not have on-going community transmission nor was it in lockdown at the model start date (October 11 th 2021) but did maintain strict state border controls. We projected the public health outcomes and the economic costs of ‘opening up’ (relaxation of lockdowns in NSW and VIC or fully opening the state border for WA) at alternative vaccination rates (70%, 80% and 90%), compared peak patient demand for ICU beds and ventilators to staffed state-level bed capacity, and calculated a ‘preferred’ vaccination rate that minimizes societal costs and that varies by state. We found that the preferred vaccination rate for all states is at least 80% and that the preferred population vaccination rate is increasing with: (1) the effectiveness (infection, hospitalization and fatality) of the vaccine (2) the lower is the daily lockdown cost (3) the larger are the public health costs from COVID-19 (4) the higher is the rate of community transmission before opening up and (5) the less effective are the public health measures after opening up.
Multiple-Use Management Strategies and Marine Reserves
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-04-2014
Efficiency gains and cost reductions from individual transferable quotas: A stochastic cost frontier for the australian south east fishery
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2005
Related Organisations
New York University School Of Medicine
Location: United States of America
Related Funding Activities
Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0770874
Start Date: 01-2007
End Date: 07-2010
Amount: $270,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityDiscovery Projects - Grant ID: DP170104795
Start Date: 05-2017
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Amount: $588,500.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityLinkage Projects - Grant ID: LP170100305
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End Date: 12-2024
Amount: $490,233.00
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View Funded ActivityDiscovery Projects - Grant ID: DP210103460
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End Date: 10-2025
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Funder: Australian Research Council
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