Barbara Masser

Stereotypical and counterstereotypical defendants: Who is he and what was the case against her?

Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)

Date: 08-2013

DOI: 10.1037/A0030505

Negative experiences and donor return: an examination of the role of asking for something different

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 15-10-2015

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.13390

Abstract: Negative donation experiences, including vasovagal reactions, deter donor retention. However, whether this deterrence effect varies as a function of whole blood (WB) donation history and requests to donate the same or a different product remains unclear. The responses of 894 eligible WB donors who had been approached to convert to plasmapheresis and 954 eligible first-time plasmapheresis donors who had been surveyed on their last donation experience and their intention to donate plasma were considered. This information was matched with in idual vasovagal reaction records, deferral category, WB donation history, and subsequent donation behavioral data obtained from the blood collection agency. Path analysis indicated that the application of a deferral and an officially recorded vasovagal reaction decreased donors' intentions to continue plasmapheresis donation, but had no effect on WB donors' intentions to convert to plasmapheresis. Consistent with past findings, vasovagal reactions occurred more frequently with female and inexperienced donors. Experiencing vasovagal reactions and deferrals may not universally deter donors from continuing to donate. Rather, the offer to convert to another form of donation-in this instance, plasmapheresis-after experiencing a negative donation event while donating WB may be sufficient to eliminate the deterrence effect on retention.

“Why don't you want my poop?” Willing stool donor's experiences of being ineligible to donate intestinal microbiota

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 24-08-2023

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17516

Abstract: Blood collection agencies (BCAs) hosting stool (fecal or poo) donor programs report high rates of donor deferral. However, the impact of deferral on willing donors, in terms of personal well‐being and future engagement with BCAs, remains unexplored. Accordingly, we surveyed those attempting to donate intestinal microbiota about their experience of being ineligible. A total of 196 potential stool donors from Australia's BCA ( % blood/blood product donors) completed the first stage of eligibility screening and then an online survey once notified of their ineligibility. Respondents reported motives for donating, perceptions of screening and improvements needed, experience of being told they are ineligible, and their feelings about this. Over 80% of participants were ineligible to donate. Of those ineligible, 58% did not know why they were ineligible resulting in potentially future eligible donors being permanently lost. Motives ( %) included helping others, being a human substance donor, understanding benefits, curiosity/novelty, and helping science/research. Participants identified they needed clear and timely information during screening and a specific reason for their ineligibility. Participants commonly experienced disappointment, confusion, and calm in response to being ineligible. BCAs need strategies to mitigate the disappointment of ineligible donors, maintain satisfaction with BCAs, and preserve donor identity since many ineligible donors give multiple human substances. BCAs should provide more information about eligibility criteria during early screening stages to reduce disappointment and give personalized information about ineligibility to resolve the confusion. Offering alternative opportunities to give may reduce disappointment and increase ineligible donor engagement.

Multisensory Installations in Residential Aged-Care Facilities: Increasing Novelty and Encouraging Social Engagement Through Modest Environmental Changes

Publisher: SLACK, Inc.

Date: 09-2014

DOI: 10.3928/00989134-20140731-01

Abstract: class="ftSection" span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle" How to Obtain Contact Hours by Reading this Article /span class="ftSection" span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle" Instructions /span strong .3 /strong contact hours will be awarded by Villanova University College of Nursing upon successful completion of this activity. A contact hour is a unit of measurement that denotes 60 minutes of an organized learning activity. This is a learner-based activity. Villanova University College of Nursing does not require submission of your answers to the quiz. A contact hour certificate will be awarded once you register, pay the registration fee, and complete the evaluation form online at ext-link xmlns:xlink="999/xlink" ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="ev_students.asp?action=browse& main=Nursing+Journals& misc=564" ev_students.asp?action=browse& main=Nursing+Journals& misc=564 /ext-link . To obtain contact hours you must: list list-type="order" li st-item label . /label /list-item /list Read the article, & Multisensory Installations in Residential Aged-Care Facilities: Increasing Novelty and Encouraging Social Engagement Through Modest Environmental Changes& found on pages 20& ndash , carefully noting any tables and other illustrative materials that are included to enhance your knowledge and understanding of the content. Be sure to keep track of the amount of time (number of minutes) you spend reading the article and completing the quiz. list-item label . /label Read and answer each question on the quiz. After completing all of the questions, compare your answers to those provided within this issue. If you have incorrect answers, return to the article for further study. /list-item list-item label . /label Go to the Villanova website listed above to register for contact hour credit. You will be asked to provide your name contact information and a VISA, MasterCard, or Discover card number for payment of the $20.00 fee. Once you complete the online evaluation, a certificate will be automatically generated. /list-item This activity is valid for continuing education credit until August 31, 2016. / class="ftSection" span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle" Contact Hours /span This activity is co-provided by Villanova University College of Nursing and SLACK Incorporated. Villanova University College of Nursing is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center& rsquo s Commission on Accreditation. / class="ftSection" span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle" Activity Objectives /span list list-type="order" list-item label . /label Explore the benefits of indoor garden installations in aged-care facilities. /list-item list-item label . /label Describe the study results of indoor garden installations on social engagement. /list-item /list / class="ftSection" span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle" Disclosure Statement /span Neither the planners nor the authors have any conflicts of interest to disclose. / / class="ftSection" span class="ftInlineSubsectionTitle" The current study examined the effect of an indoor simulated garden installation that included visual, auditory, and olfactory stimuli on resident well-being, compared to the effect elicited by a reminiscence installation and a control no-installation condition. A quasi-experimental ABA design was used (i.e., two intervention conditions plus a wait-list control condition). A survey instrument was administered to nursing home residents ( em N /em = 33) at three time points (pre-, during, and post intervention) over an 8-week period, which measured mood, behavior, health, and social interaction. Additionally, staff reports ( em N /em = 24) were collected. Both the nature-based and non-nature-based installations led to enhanced well-being and significantly more social benefits for residents because of their novel and aesthetic appeal, compared with the control condition. Residents in the nature-based installation condition reported more satisfaction with their living environment during the intervention phase than those in the comparison conditions. The results show that an indoor garden simulation is a relatively inexpensive way to transform a disused indoor area of an aged-care facility for the benefit of residents and staff. [ em Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 40 /em (9), 20& ndash .] /span / class="ftAuthorNotes" Dr. Scott is Postdoctoral Researcher, Dr. Masser is Associate Professor, and Dr. Pachana is Professor, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia. Dr. Pachana is also Co-Director, UQ Ageing Mind Initiative, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise. The authors thank the staff and residents who participated in this study. Address correspondence to Theresa L. Scott, PhD, Postdoctoral Researcher, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia e-mail: theresa.scott@uq.edu.au. / class="ftHistory-received" Received: March 02, 2014 / class="ftHistory-accepted" Accepted: July 01, 2014 br / br / style="text-transform: uppercase padding: 3px 10px border: 1px solid #dddddd width: 273px font-size: 11px " Do you want to Participate in the a href="~/link.aspx?_id=9F2D189677774BA9A16A01338B2FF284& _z=z" span style="text-decoration: none " CNE activity /span /a ? /

Vasovagal reactions in blood donors: risks, prevention and management

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 16-11-2017

DOI: 10.1111/TME.12488

Abstract: This narrative review examines current research on risk factors, prevention methods and management strategies for vasovagal reactions (VVRs) that occur during or as a result of blood donation. VVRs are important to blood collection agencies (BCAs) as they negatively impact the number of completed collections, perceptions of the safety of blood donation and rates of donor return. There has been significant progress in understanding and preventing VVRs in blood donation in recent years, with a multitude of risk factors identified. This has resulted in many BCAs implementing evidence-based strategies, such as donor age and weight restrictions. However, the profile of our most vulnerable donors and features of the donation setting that may protect these donors from experiencing a VVR have not been identified. Furthermore, an increased number of trials of physiological and psychological prevention interventions to reduce both immediate and delayed VVRs have been reported. However, a lack of methodological consistency in operationalising interventions to reduce or prevent VVRs means that the identification of effective VVR prevention strategies remains a challenge for practitioners. Furthermore, research is still required to determine how to successfully implement prevention and management strategies into standard operating procedures within collection centres. Finally, research in the management and mitigation of the effect of VVRs is currently only suggestive of what should be done to care for the donor who reacts and how to empower those donors to return. Collectively, research into these aspects of VVRs will provide support to donors and BCAs and improve the safety of blood donation.

Building a flexible, voluntary donation panel: an exploration of donor willingness

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 26-09-2015

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.13278

Abstract: As blood collection agencies (BCAs) face recurrent shortages of varying blood products, developing a panel comprising donors who are flexible in the product they donate based on same-time inventory demand could be an efficient, cost-effective inventory management strategy. Accounting for prior whole blood (WB) and plasmapheresis donation experience, this article explores current donors' willingness to change their donation product and identifies the type of information required for such donation flexibility. Telephone interviews (mean, 34 min SD, 11 min) were conducted with 60 donors recruited via stratified purposive s ling representing six donor groups: no plasma, new to both WB and plasma, new to plasma, plasma, flexible (i.e., alternating between WB and plasma), and maximum (i.e., high frequency alternating between WB and plasma) donors. Participants responded to hypothetical scenarios and open-ended questions relating to their and other donors' willingness to be flexible. Responses were transcribed and content was analyzed. The most frequently endorsed categories varied between donor groups with more prominent differences emerging between the information and support that donors desired for themselves versus that for others. Most donors were willing to change donations but sought improved donation logistics and information regarding inventory levels to encourage flexibility. The factors perceived to facilitate the flexibility of other donors included providing donor-specific information and information regarding different donation types. Regardless of donation history, donors are willing to be flexible with their donations. To foster a flexible donor panel, BCAs should continue to streamline the donation process and provide information relevant to donors' experience.

Prevalence of blood donation eligibility in Australia: A population survey

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 18-07-2023

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17474

Abstract: Reliable estimates of the population proportion eligible to donate blood are needed by blood collection agencies to model the likely impact of changes in eligibility criteria and inform targeted population‐level education, recruitment, and retention strategies. In Australia, the sole estimate was calculated 10+ years ago. With several subsequent changes to the eligibility criteria, an updated estimate is required. We conducted a cross‐sectional national population survey to estimate eligibility for blood donation. Respondents were aged 18+ and resident in Australia. Results were weighted to obtain a representative s le of the population. Estimated population prevalence of blood donation eligibility for those aged 18–74 was 57.3% (95% CI 55.3–59.3). The remaining 42.7% (95% CI 40.7–44.7) were either temporarily (25.3%, 95% CI 23.5–27.2) or permanently ineligible (17.4%, 95% CI 16.1–18.9). Of those eligible at the time of the survey, that is, with the UK geographic deferral for variant Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease included, (52.9%, 95% CI 50.8–54.9), 14.2% (95% CI 12.3–16.3) reported donating blood within the previous 2 years. Eligibility was higher among men (62.6%, 95% CI 59.6–65.6) than women (52.8%, 95% CI 50.1–55.6). The most common exclusion factor was iron deficiency/anemia within the last 6 months 3.8% (95% CI 3.2–4.6) of the s le were ineligible due to this factor alone. We estimate that approximately 10.5 million people (57.3% of 18–74‐year‐olds) are eligible to donate blood in Australia. Only 14.2% of those eligible at the time of survey reported donating blood within the previous 2 years, indicating a large untapped pool of potentially eligible blood donors.

Facilitating donor compliance with strategies to prevent vasovagal reactions: comparison of web‐based and in‐center approaches

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 21-08-2017

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.14243

Abstract: Research has documented beneficial effects of water loading (WL) and applied muscle tension (AMT) on reducing self-reported vasovagal reactions (VVRs) in whole blood (WB) donors. However, the optimal approach to reducing VVRs using these strategies in routine blood collection practice is not known. This study evaluated the effectiveness of embedding newly developed web-based and on-site donor education materials to increase the use of these two prevention techniques during blood collection. Two studies were conducted with WB donors. In Study 1, donors (n = 375) were randomly allocated to evaluate one of three forms of educational materials (video, webpage, card) in an online questionnaire. In Study 2, donors (n = 598) were randomly assigned to view either off-site web-based or in-center educational materials and were surveyed after donation to assess compliance to the VVR prevention procedure and to self-report VVR. In Study 1, donors rated the video as having the highest message appeal and indicated greater likelihood to use AMT compared to the webpage and card. No differences were found in likelihood to use WL. In contrast, in Study 2, greater adherence to VVR prevention strategies was observed in donors who received the in-center instruction card in comparison to those who received the web-based materials. Examination of viewing data indicated that only a small number of donors had seen the web-based materials. No significant effects of the techniques were found on self-reported VVRs. Providing on-site instructions is the most effective method to increase donor compliance to VVR prevention techniques.

Positive aging benefits of home and community gardening activities: Older adults report enhanced self-esteem, productive endeavours, social engagement and exercise

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.1177/2050312120901732

Abstract: This study examined relationships between home and community gardening and older adults’ self-reported psychosocial and physical well-being, attitudes to aging relative to gardening activities and benefits of membership to a gardening group. A survey addressing (a) demographic characteristics, (b) gardening interests and sentiments, (c) activities, (d) benefits, (e) self-rated health and quality of life and (f) attitudes to aging was administered online and via mail-out. Participants, 331 gardeners aged 60–95 years from Australia, reported numerous benefits from leisure gardening. According to multiple regression analysis, Restoration and Physical benefits were the strongest explanatory variables of participants’ positive aging self-perceptions. Members of gardening groups reported significantly more social and physical benefits than non-members. The current study provides support for promoting positive aging through gardening. Regardless of ‘doing’ gardening or simply ‘being’ in the garden, having contact with nature was key to attaining positive therapeutic benefits for this s le.

Blood donor behaviour, motivations and the need for a systematic cross-cultural perspective: the example of moral outrage and health- and non-health-based philanthropy across seven countries

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-11-2018

DOI: 10.1111/VOXS.12471

What motivates men to donate blood? A systematic review of the evidence

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 15-12-2018

DOI: 10.1111/VOX.12625

Abstract: Effective recruitment and retention of male donors are vital for the ongoing provision of blood products. Compared with females, male donors are less likely to be medically deferred or experience vasovagal reactions and are typically preferred for plasmapheresis donation in voluntary non-remunerated settings. However, females outnumber males among donors aged under 40 years. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence and identify key motivators for blood donation among males to inform targeted recruitment/retention c aigns. Databases (e.g. EBSCOhost, Web of Science) were searched using terms (dona* OR dono*) AND (blood OR aphaeresis OR apheresis OR plasma* OR platelet* OR platlet*) in title AND (male OR gender OR sex OR female) AND (motivat* OR intention OR attitude OR behavi* OR predictor OR barrier OR deter*) NOT (organ OR sperm OR tissue OR autologous OR oocyte) in text. Two researchers independently systematically scanned quantitative, full-text, English language, peer-reviewed publications from 1990 to 2015 that examined males/females separately with outcomes of blood donation or self-reported intention. Two additional researchers resolved discrepancies. Among 28 identified articles, the most frequently cited motivators for male blood product donation were as follows: altruism positive attitude towards incentives health check(s) subjective norms. Altruism was less pronounced among males compared with females and was combined with 'warm glow' in novice males (impure altruism). Perceived health benefits and incentives (e.g. coffee mugs) were stronger motivators of males than females. Marketing c aigns for recruitment/retention of male donors should focus on identified motivators rather than take a 'one-size-fits-all' approach.

Exotic and indigenous viruses infect wild populations and captive collections of temperate terrestrial orchids (Diuris species) in Australia

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2013

DOI: 10.1016/J.VIRUSRES.2012.10.003

Abstract: Four species of Diuris temperate terrestrial orchids from wild and captive populations were tested for the presence of polyadenylated RNA viruses. The genomes of three exotic viruses were determined: two potyviruses, Bean yellow mosaic virus and Ornithogalum mosaic virus, and the polerovirus Turnip yellows virus. The genomes of five indigenous viruses were detected, including four novel species. They were the potyvirus Blue squill virus A, another potyvirus, two proposed capilloviruses, and a partitivirus. Partitivirus infection is of interest as this group of viruses is also associated with endophytic fungi (mycorrhizae) that are necessary for the germination, growth, development of many terrestrial orchids. Sequence ergence data indicate post-European, pre-European, and endemic origins for these viruses via inoculum from introduced and native plants. The implications of the findings of this study for orchid conservation, and particularly reintroduction programs where viruses may be spread inadvertently to wild populations from infected propagation sources, are discussed.

Simple Reciprocal Fairness Message to Enhance Non-Donor’s Willingness to Donate Blood

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 29-05-2021

DOI: 10.1093/ABM/KAAB026

Abstract: Against a background of declining blood donor numbers, recruiting new donors is critical for the effective operations of healthcare providers. Thus, interventions are needed to recruit new blood donors. We provide initial evidence for Voluntary Reciprocal Altruism (VRA) to enhance nondonors’ willingness to become blood donors. VRA interventions involve asking two questions: one on accepting a blood transfusion if needed and one on willingness to donate. As early trials often use self-reports of willingness to perform blood donation behavior, we derive a correction factor to better estimate actual behavior. Finally, we explore the effect of VRA interventions on two prosocial emotions: gratitude and guilt. Across three experiments (two in the UK and one in Australia: Total N = 1,208 nondonors) we manipulate VRA messages and explore how they affect both reported willingness to make a one-off or repeat blood donation and influence click through to blood donation, organ donation and volunteering registration sites (behavioral proxies). We report data from a longitudinal cohort (N = 809) that enables us to derive a correction for self-reported behavioral willingness. Across the three experiments, we show that exposure to a question that asks about accepting a transfusion if needed increased willingness to donate blood with some spillover to organ donor registration. We also show that gratitude has an independent effect on donation and report a behavioral correction factor of .10. Asking nondonors about accepting a transfusion if needed is likely to be an effective strategy to increase new donor numbers.

Predicting intentions to donate blood among nondonors in Australia: an extended theory of planned behavior

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-2008

DOI: 10.1111/J.1537-2995.2008.01904.X

Abstract: With an increasing demand for blood and blood products in Australia, there is a continual need to recruit blood donors. As such, it is important to investigate the factors that impact on nondonors' decision-making processes with regard to donating blood for the first time. Previous research has established the efficacy of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting blood donor intentions. The current research aimed to test a TPB model augmented with constructs implicated in previous blood donor research specifically descriptive norm, moral norm, anticipated regret, and donation anxiety. Participants completed measures assessing the standard TPB variables of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) as well as descriptive norm, moral norm, donation anxiety, and anticipated regret. Path analysis examined the utility of the augmented TPB model to predict 195 non-blood donors' intentions to donate blood. A final revised model provided a very good fit to the data and included attitude, PBC, moral norm, descriptive norm, anticipated regret, and donation anxiety as direct predictors of intention, with these factors accounting for 70 percent of the variance in intentions to donate blood. A revised TPB model provided a more efficacious predictor of nondonors' intentions to donate than the standard TPB model and highlights the role that norm-based factors and affective-laden constructs play in predicting non-blood donors' intentions to donate.

Reinforcing the Glass Ceiling: The Consequences of Hostile Sexism for Female Managerial Candidates

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 11-2004

DOI: 10.1007/S11199-004-5470-8

Still willing and able to contribute: donor perspectives on donating blood in later life

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 15-04-2021

DOI: 10.1111/VOXS.12634

Abstract: With greater numbers of Australians living longer with healthier lives, older adults could make a greater contribution to whole‐blood and plasma donor panels. Understanding the experiences and attitudes of middle‐aged to older Australians towards blood donation may provide opportunities to develop strategies to engage, recruit and retain older donors. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 34 donors aged 50 and over with ersity of donation experiences and age at which they first donated. The interviews focussed on becoming and remaining a donor, donating in later life and intentions to continue donating. For some older people, being a blood donor is an important social role associated with a sense of themselves as healthy, knowledgeable and able to make a valuable contribution to the community. The majority of participants believed that age should not be a barrier to continued donation and that eligibility should be based on health and not age. Older donors intend to continue to donate for as long as they are eligible or until they perceive themselves ineligible. Recommendations are provided for strategies to engage with older donors.

Rape Perpetrators on Trial: The Effect of Sexual Assault–Related Schemas on Attributions of Blame

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Date: 28-03-2016

DOI: 10.1177/0886260516640777

Abstract: Research has consistently shown that jurors are influenced by multiple schemas in cases of alleged sexual assault, including offense stereotypes and victim stereotypes. These schemas appear to be organized in a hierarchy, as victim stereotypicality seems to matter most in acquaintance assaults (counter-stereotypical offense). However, despite numerous studies demonstrating the impact of defendant stereotypes on juror perceptions of guilt for other crimes, to date, the impact of stereotypes about defendants (perpetrators) in cases involving sexual violence have been overlooked. As such, the current research aimed to build on the existing hierarchical schema model by systematically examining the influence of perpetrator stereotypes. Following pilot work, mock jurors’ ( N = 163) read a rape scenario that varied in terms of offense stereotypicality (stereotypical, counter-stereotypical), victim stereotypicality (stereotypical, counter-stereotypical), and perpetrator stereotypicality (stereotypical, counter-stereotypical). Broadly consistent effects of offense stereotypicality and victim stereotypicality were observed across the outcome measures, such that the victim was perceived more positively and the perpetrator more negatively when the victim was described as being stereotypical and when the offense was described as stereotypical. However, contrary to past findings, the effect of victim stereotypicality did not differ as a function of offense stereotypicality. Furthermore, perpetrator stereotypicality did not influence perceptions in the stereotypical offense scenario. These findings suggest that contrary to the assertions of previous research, there is not a series of specific, in idual stereotypes that impact attributions of blame, rather, there may be one underlying schema about consent that influences perceptions. These findings have important implications for how we address the effect of juror-held schemas on attributions of blame in cases of sexual assault.

The Psychology of Blood Donation: Current Research and Future Directions

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 07-2008

DOI: 10.1016/J.TMRV.2008.02.005

Abstract: With an ever-increasing demand on blood supplies worldwide, there is an immense need to ensure a safe and sufficient supply of blood products. However, recruiting and retaining blood donors remain key challenges for blood agencies. In an attempt to address these problems, researchers have identified a range of sociodemographic, organizational, physiological, and psychological factors that influence people's willingness to donate blood. Although past research has largely focused on donor recruitment, in particular, demographic variables associated with blood donation behavior, the issue of donor retention has become increasingly important. A growing number of studies have also highlighted the role of psychological factors in explaining, predicting, and promoting blood donation behavior. In line with recent trends in blood donation research, the present article reviews the contributions of, and current directions in, psychological research on blood donation attitudes and behavior, with special emphasis on donor return and repeat blood donation behavior. Although there is overlap between factors that predict the initiation and the maintenance of blood donation behavior, it is suggested that changes in motivation and the development of self-identity as a blood donor are crucial for understanding the processes whereby first-time donors become repeat donors.

Understanding donation frequency: insights from current plasma donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 17-12-2020

DOI: 10.1111/VOX.12861

Abstract: Encouraging existing plasma donors to donate more frequently is a key objective for blood donation services committed to expanding yield through voluntary non-remunerated plasmapheresis donation. This requires an understanding of donors' perspectives on their current donation practice and how this relates to their knowledge and beliefs about the need for plasma. To explore this, Australian plasma donors were interviewed about how they arrived at the frequency at which they donate. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with 105 Australian plasmapheresis donors. Key themes identified were as follows: fitting donation into busy lives and how ideas about being an ongoing donor and the institutional context shaped their perspective on frequency perceptions of the impact of donation on health and wanting to make a greater contribution. Experienced plasma donors work to maintain a donation practice in the context of busy lives often by adopting a flexible approach to donation frequency. Their knowledge of the contribution their donations make is key to their continued donation, yet most identified constraints to donating more frequently. Health concerns were a particular concern for some, and more research is needed to understand donors' perspectives on the impact of donating on their health.

Experiences of knowledge translation among researchers in transfusion medicine: Findings from an international survey study

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 26-06-2023

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17466

Abstract: Translation of research knowledge is critical to ensure transfusion medicine policies and practices reflect current evidence and so effectively support the health of blood donors and recipients, as well as ensuring ongoing blood supply. The aim of this study was to investigate the barriers and facilitators of knowledge translation (KT) among transfusion medicine researchers and determine what KT supports are needed. An anonymous, cross‐sectional survey was distributed by emailing corresponding authors of papers in four major blood journals, emailing grant recipients in the area of transfusion medicine, posting on social media, and through an international blood operator network. The final s le included 105 researchers. Participants had a positive orientation toward KT, with few perceiving KT as not relevant to their research or beneficial for their careers. However, many reported facing difficulties practicing KT due to time constraints, competing priorities, or lack of funds or resources. Fostering relationships with stakeholders was seen as a key facilitator of KT but a number of researchers expressed difficulties engaging and communicating with them. Collaboration opportunities, protected time for KT, and access to KT resources were some of the supports researchers felt were required to help their KT efforts. To minimize the knowledge to practice gap in transfusion medicine and ensure findings from research lead to improved outcomes, organizations need to support researchers in their KT efforts and facilitate interactions between researchers and research end‐users.

Identifying (our) donors: Toward a social psychological understanding of charity selection in Australia

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-11-2018

DOI: 10.1002/MAR.21150

Warming up cool cooperators

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 14-09-2023

DOI: 10.1038/S41562-023-01687-6

Forensic Psychology

Publisher: Willan

Date: 06-10-2010

DOI: 10.4324/9780203833308

The Champion Effect in Peer-to-Peer Giving: Successful Campaigns Highlight Fundraisers More Than Causes

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Date: 15-10-2018

DOI: 10.1177/0899764018805196

Abstract: Online peer-to-peer giving is an emerging charity context that has rarely been investigated. Using a unique combination of survey and behavioral data from 1,647 online peer-to-peer fundraisers (whom we call “ch ions”), we tested empirically the influence of different best practices on fundraising success in this novel giving context. Across two s les, we found the fundraiser’s identification with the cause led them to engage in more best practice actions, which in turn led to greater fundraising success. However, not all actions were equally influential. Actions that made the ch ion salient—namely those relating to solicitation and those that signaled the fundraiser was highly invested in their c aign—were the strongest predictors of fundraising success, together explaining 28 times the variance accounted for by actions signaling charity efficacy. Thus, fundraisers will have more success by ch ioning themselves than by promoting the charity in question: a finding with important applied and theoretical implications.

What Counts as Rape? The Effect of Offense Prototypes, Victim Stereotypes, and Participant Gender on How the Complainant and Defendant are Perceived

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Date: 26-01-2014

DOI: 10.1177/0886260513518843

Abstract: Jurors rely on a range of schemas when evaluating allegations of rape and sexual assault. For ex le, they may be influenced by the prototypicality of the alleged offense, the stereotypicality of the victim, or gender-related stereotypes. These schemas have often been conflated however, making it difficult to determine the unique impact of each on jurors’ perceptions. To be able to effectively counter any schema-related misconceptions, we must first identify which beliefs are important and when. An experiment ( N = 420) examined the independent effects of offense prototypicality and victim stereotypicality on mock jurors’ perceptions. As expected, victim stereotypicality had a greater effect on judgments in the counter-prototypical (acquaintance) assault scenario than in the prototypical (stranger) assault scenario. When the complainant was described as being a counter-stereotypical victim in the acquaintance rape scenario, the defendant was seen as less likely to be guilty and evaluated more positively and the complainant less positively compared with when the complainant was described as being a stereotypical victim. Analysis of the qualitative data suggested a focus on different factors in reaching verdicts in the stranger and acquaintance rape scenarios. Results were interpreted as evidence that jurors “step down” through a hierarchy of schemas in their attempts to determine what happened in cases of rape and sexual assault.

Offering new and returned donors the option to give plasma: implications for donor retention and donor adverse events

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-07-2020

DOI: 10.1111/VOX.12977

Emotions experienced when receiving a temporary deferral: perspectives from staff and donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 14-10-2018

DOI: 10.1111/VOXS.12463

Blood donation and the global COVID‐19 pandemic: areas for social science research

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 20-07-2020

DOI: 10.1111/VOX.12974

The Selective Use of Rape-Victim Stereotypes to Protect Culturally Similar Perpetrators

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Date: 09-07-2016

DOI: 10.1177/0361684316631932

Identifying Nonphysical Intimate Partner Violence in Relationships: The Role of Beliefs and Schemas

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Date: 09-07-2020

DOI: 10.1177/0886260520938505

Abstract: While substantial research has been conducted on intimate partner violence (IPV), comparatively little research has examined peoples’ perceptions of which behaviors comprise this form of abuse. Early identification of IPV is critical to ending abuse, however, forms of IPV that typically occur earlier in a relationship (e.g., nonphysical abuse) may not be core components of peoples’ mental frameworks (schemas) of IPV and may therefore be less commonly identified as abusive. To explore this, in Study 1 participants from an Australian University ( N = 86) separately described the relationships with IPV and nonphysical IPV. Analyses identified control, power imbalance, stereotypical gender dynamics (male perpetrator, female victim), physical abuse, and having a low socioeconomic status abuser as common components of participants’ IPV schema when not prompted with type of abuse. However, participants largely failed to describe nonphysical IPV behaviors, suggesting limited awareness of the specific behaviors that constitute abuse. To explore this in Study 2, participants from an Australian University ( N = 305) were asked to categorize a range of specific behaviors (including physically abusive, nonphysically abusive, and nonabusive behaviors) as definitely, maybe, or never abusive. Drawing on the known positive association between gender and romantic beliefs with the experience of abuse, we also assessed the relationship of identification of IPV behaviors to these beliefs. Moderated multilevel modeling showed that nonphysical IPV behaviors were generally perceived as less abusive than physical IPV behaviors. In addition, stronger endorsement of romantic jealousy was associated with evaluating nonphysical IPV as less abusive. However, romantic jealousy beliefs were not significantly associated with the perceived abusiveness of physical IPV behaviors. Findings support the conclusion that in iduals’ IPV schemas contribute to a failure to identify nonphysical IPV behaviors as abusive, and this is particularly true for people who more strongly endorse romantic jealousy.

Donor and non‐donor perspectives on receiving information from routine genomic testing of donor blood

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-12-2023

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17215

Abstract: Genomic testing is already used by blood collection agencies (BCAs) to identify rare blood types and ensure the best possible matching of blood. With ongoing technological developments, broader applications, such as the identification of genetic markers relevant to blood donor health, will become feasible. However, the perspectives of blood donors (and potential blood donors) on routine genomic testing of donor blood are under‐researched. Eight online Focus Groups were conducted: four with donors and four with non‐donors. Participants were presented with three hypothetical scenarios about the current and possible future applications of genomic testing: Performing rare blood type testing identifying donors with genetic markers associated with iron metabolism and identifying donors with genetic markers associated with bowel cancer. Testing to identify rare blood types was perceived to be an appropriate application for the BCA to undertake, while identifying markers associated with iron metabolism and cancer genetic markers were only partially supported. Participants raised concerns about the boundaries of acceptable testing and the implications of testing for privacy, data security, and health insurance. Perspectives of donors and non‐donors on all scenarios were similar. The principles of who benefits from genomic testing and the perceived role of BCAs were key in shaping participants' perspectives. Participants generally agreed that testing should be directly related to blood donation or be of benefit to the recipient or donor. Findings indicate that consent and communication are key to the acceptability of current and expanded genomic testing.

Re-evaluating how to measure jurors’ comprehension and application of jury instructions

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 26-06-2019

DOI: 10.1080/1068316X.2019.1634195

Understanding Mothers' Experiences of Being Ineligible to Donate Their Milk to a Not-for-Profit Milk Bank

Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc

Date: 02-2023

DOI: 10.1089/BFM.2022.0207

You're making us all look bad

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Date: 27-05-2021

DOI: 10.1177/1368430220913610

Abstract: Across two studies ( Ns = 265 and 735), we investigated whether women’s endorsement of hostile (HS) and benevolent sexism (BS) moderates their experience of collective threat and subsequent hostility toward traditional and non-traditional female subtypes. As expected, HS was positively associated with intra-gender hostility toward the non-traditional subtype, and these effects were mediated by collective threat. HS was negatively associated with collective threat and hostility toward the traditional subtype, but only when the target endorsed prescriptive gender beliefs that explicitly reinforced gender inequality. BS was associated with collective threat and hostility toward the non-traditional subtype, but these effects did not emerge consistently across both studies. These results suggest that women are not a homogeneous group whose members all find the same subtypes collectively threatening. Rather, the extent to which women internalize patriarchal attitudes and stereotypes influences the behaviors they find threatening and deserving of hostility.

Positive ageing and gardening: development and testing of a gardening survey measuring benefits of leisure gardening

Publisher: International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)

Date: 07-2016

DOI: 10.17660/ACTAHORTIC.2016.1121.1

Using the Health Action Process Approach to predict blood donation intentions and return behavior following a vasovagal reaction for whole blood and plasma donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 04-08-2022

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17052

Abstract: To inform the development of interventions to retain donors following a vasovagal reaction (VVR), the aim of this study is to use the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) to identify predictors of intentions to re‐donate and actual return behavior among whole blood (WB) and plasma donors who experienced a VVR. A total of 1136 WB donors ( M age = 32.4 ± 12.5 years 73.4% female) and 1141 plasma donors ( M age = 36.5 ± 14.4 years 73.3% female) completed an online survey after experiencing a VVR. Two hierarchical regression analyses were conducted for each donation type. In the first analysis, donation intentions were regressed onto the motivational HAPA constructs and social support. In the second analysis, donor return within 6 months was regressed onto social support, intentions, and the volitional HAPA constructs. The motivational and social support variables accounted for 47.2% of the variance in intentions to return in WB donors and 15.7% in plasma donors. For both groups, task self‐efficacy, positive and negative outcome expectancies, and social support were significant predictors of intentions to return. Intentions and action planning were significant predictors of donor return in both groups, and recovery self‐efficacy was significant for plasma only. The HAPA model can provide guidance to blood collection agencies to design phase‐specific and in idually‐focused interventions to retain WB and plasma donors following a VVR.

Using indoor plants and natural elements to positively impact occupants of residential aged-care facilities

Publisher: International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)

Date: 07-2016

DOI: 10.17660/ACTAHORTIC.2016.1121.2

A typology of strategies that recognize, reward, and incentivize blood donation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 04-08-2022

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17053

Abstract: Blood collection agencies (BCAs) worldwide are continuously looking to improve recognition, reward, and incentive (RRI) policies to optimize the recruitment and retention of blood donors. However, given the inconsistent categorization and variety of strategies available, there is a need for a theoretically informed and empirically supported framework to guide RRI research and policy development. Survey data from 1028 voluntary nonremunerated whole blood and plasma donors in Australia was used to validate a theorized RRI typology based on distinctions between the level of congruency with the act of donating blood (congruent vs. incongruent), visibility of acknowledgment (public vs. private), benefits provided (self vs. other), and likely reinforcement schedule (fixed vs. variable). A six‐factor solution met all statistical criteria and was most consistent with a priori theoretical underpinnings. The factors were labeled (i) deal promotion, (ii) loyalty program, (iii) BCA token, (iv) health check, (v) charity donation, and (vi) travel compensation. This typology provides researchers with a standardized theoretical and conceptual framework to organize and synthesize findings from the existing literature and help BCAs develop RRI policies that are likely to be successful. We present a future research agenda across and within the RRI strategies.

Predicting blood donation intention: the importance of fear

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 30-10-2019

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.15554

Abstract: Blood donor recruitment remains an important worldwide challenge due to changes in population demographics and shifts in the demand for blood. Various cognitive models help predict donation intention, although the importance of affective deterrents has become increasingly evident. This study aimed to identify fears that predict donation intention, to explore their relative importance, and to determine if self-efficacy and attitude mediate this relationship, thus providing possible targets for intervention. A total of 347 in iduals (269 nondonors and 78 donors) living in Québec responded to questionnaires assessing medical fears, psychosocial factors related to donation intention including the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs, anticipated regret, and facilitating factors (i.e., time commitment and rewards). To examine the relative importance of these factors in the context of blood donation, the same questions were also asked about other medical activities that involve salient needle stimuli: flu vaccinations and dental examinations. Medical fears, especially blood-related fears, were significantly associated with donation intention. Bootstrapping tests confirmed that this relation was mediated by attitude and self-efficacy. Underlining the importance of medical fears in the blood donation context, these fears were not associated with attitudes and intentions for dental examinations or flu vaccinations. These results suggest that medical fears, especially blood-related fears, play a key role in predicting donation attitudes and intentions. Mediational pathways provide support for interventions to improve donation intentions by addressing specific fears while also improving a donor's belief in his or her ability to manage donation-related fears.

Improving first-time donor attendance rates through the use of enhanced donor preparation materials

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-02-2016

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.13496

Abstract: Many nondonors are positive about blood donation and this motivates booking an appointment to donate. However, as their appointment approaches barriers to donating-such as anxiety-may become salient and deter attendance. Building on research of France and colleagues demonstrating the positive effect of enhanced preparation materials on donor recruitment, this study sought to determine whether these materials could effectively boost first donation appointment attendance. A field study comprising a 3 (brochure: none, e-mail, hard copy) × 2 (national call center [NCC] contact: none, call) between-subjects design was conducted with 3646 nondonors who had scheduled their first appointment. Participants in the brochure conditions received either a hard copy or an e-mailed link to electronic materials modeled on the donor preparation research of France and colleagues. Participants in the NCC call condition also received a call scripted in line with these preparation materials. The key outcome was new donor attendance rate. Although first-appointment attendance rates were high in the control (no additional contact) condition at 85.07% of those not canceling in advance, dual exposure to the preparation materials through a NCC call and an electronic brochure boosted attendance. The relative risk of attending in the NCC call and electronic brochure condition was 1.0836 (95% confidence interval, 1.0352-1.1343 p = 0.0006), with attendance 8.36% higher than in the control. This gain in attendance came at a relative increase in recruitment costs of 2%. The use of tailored communication to address new donors' concerns and prepare them for donating bolsters attendance rates.

Guided by the rape schema: the influence of event order on how jurors evaluate the victim’s testimony in cases of rape

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 29-09-2021

DOI: 10.1080/1068316X.2021.1984483

“What do other people think?” — the role of prejudice and social norms in the expression of opinions against gay men

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.1080/0004953042000298652

Improving the donation experience and reducing venipuncture pain by addressing fears among whole‐blood and plasma donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 26-04-2021

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.16407

Abstract: Fear of blood donation is implicated in vasovagal reactions, donor recruitment, and retention. This study examined the extent to which fear among donors is associated with various donor outcomes in an Australian s le, and whether fear can be addressed on‐site to reduce adverse reactions and improve the donation experience. Six hundred and sixty‐four donors (age M = 33.4, SD = 12.7 55% female) participated in a two‐center, pragmatic, parallel group, in idually randomized controlled trial. Following donor registration and consent, whole‐blood (n = 539) and plasma (n = 125) donors were assigned to one of four Conditions: control fear assessment fear assessment + brochure fear assessment + brochure + tailored conversation focused on any self‐reported fear and coping strategies. Post‐donation questionnaires assessed the donors' experience including positive support, donor self‐efficacy, anxiety, fear, venipuncture pain, and vasovagal reactions. Fear among donors predicted higher venipuncture pain, post‐donation anxiety, and vasovagal reactions and remained significant after controlling for other established predictors (i.e., total estimated blood volume, age, sex, and donation experience). Mediational analyses showed that exposure to brochures (with or without the tailored conversation) was associated with less pain, with this effect mediated by donor perceptions of more positive support. Venipuncture pain was also associated with vasovagal reactions, reduced likelihood of return within 6 months, and less satisfaction with the donation experience. The current results underline the importance of interventions to address fear among both whole‐blood and plasma donors to secure the safety and well‐being of donors and the blood supply.

Looking Shifty but Telling the Truth: The Effect of Witness Demeanour on Mock Jurors’ Perceptions

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 22-07-2013

DOI: 10.1080/13218719.2013.815600

Emotions and Prosociality

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Date: 24-05-2018

DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190499037.003.0017

Abstract: Without volunteer blood a large proportion of healthcare delivery would not be possible. Blood donation is an archetypal altruistic and prosocial act, but like all altruism may also be motivated by selfish reasons. Key among these are the prosocial and moral emotions (e.g., gratitude, shame, guilt, anger). This chapter shows how blood donation can be used to manage negative emotions (e.g., guilt) and enhance well-being (warm-glow, pride). It also shows how negative emotions such as anger promote prosociality. It draws implications for interventions and develops a model showing how emotions and memory are linked across the donor cycle to influence behavior.

A branded bandage is worth a thousand words: blood branded bandages signal men’s generosity and morality

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 26-10-2021

DOI: 10.1111/VOX.13018

An evaluation of a donation coping brochure with Australian non-donors

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2010

DOI: 10.1016/J.TRANSCI.2010.09.017

Abstract: The current study evaluated the impact of blood donation coping brochures, adapted to address known predictors of non-donation, among Australians who had not previously donated blood. Participants read a donation coping brochure that either (1) incorporated a first-time donor narrative or (2) omitted the narrative, (3) a standard donor recruitment brochure, or (4) a control brochure focusing on exercise. Whilst both of the coping brochures resulted in significant changes in intention and a number of its predictors, the version with a donor narrative resulted in significantly greater improvements in self efficacy, intention, and fewer anticipated vasovagal reactions than the standard donor recruitment brochure. The findings indicate that specifically-designed brochures can enhance non-donors' intentions to donate blood.

How Can We Improve Retention of the First-Time Donor? A Systematic Review of the Current Evidence

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.TMRV.2016.02.002

Abstract: Blood products are critical to health systems and donations by voluntary nonremunerated donors are recommended. Worldwide, however, only around 5% of those eligible to donate do so and around half of those never return to donate again. This review focuses on what deters first-time donors, what predicts their retention, and what interventions may promote retention of this group. A comprehensive search of relevant databases identified 9 studies investigating motives and deterrents of first-time donors, 14 studies investigating predictors for first-time donors (13 whole blood [WB] and 2 plasmapheresis), and 15 studies (in 14 published articles) detailing interventions conducted on first-time donors. Drawing on an established blood donation taxonomy, studies were classified by 2 independent raters. Interventions were also classified into traditional, behavioral, or social science interventions. With only 2 eligible studies among first-time plasmapheresis donors, analyses focused on WB donors. First-time WB donors reported benevolent and collectivistic motivations, as well as personal benefits to commence WB donation. Self-reported deterrents have typically not been examined. Intention predicted first-time donor retention with intention determined by attitudes and a sense of (perceived behavioral) control. However, anxiety, adverse events, and deferrals all deterred retention. Traditional interventions, such as reminders and incentives, are widespread yet had only a small effect on return of first-time donors. Although behavioral science interventions such as fluid loading are effective, the strongest effect for the return of first-time donors was found when in idual psychological support was provided. The purpose of this analysis was to identify the factors associated with the commencement and continuation of first WB donations. The current review revealed that self-reported motivators are typically not effective, and most successful predictive factors identified have not been translated into interventions. Future work would do well to identify, manage, and meet donors' expectations along with developing more in idualized donation experiences. Blood donor research should delineate donor career stages addressing first-time donor retention will support stable panels for blood collection agencies.

Beyond fear: A longitudinal investigation of emotions and risk of a vasovagal reaction in first‐time whole‐blood donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 31-10-2023

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17169

Abstract: Fear is a recognized predictor of vasovagal reactions (VVRs) in blood donors. However, less is known about the role of other emotions, including positive emotions, that donors might experience. The aim of this study was to identify the emotions experienced in center that predict onsite VVRs, and to determine at what point during the donation appointment, the experience of these emotions is most influential. A s le of 442 first‐time whole‐blood donors (57.7% female mean ± SD age 30.7 ± 11.7 years) completed a survey in the waiting area and before venepuncture in the donation chair to assess their current emotional experience. The survey data were matched with routinely‐collected demographic, donation, and donor adverse event information. A generalized estimating equations model was used to identify emotions associated with the occurrence of a VVR. A total of 56 (12.7%) participants experienced a VVR. The occurrence of a VVR was significantly associated with lower love/closeness/trust (OR: 0.53, 95%CI: 0.34–0.82) and higher scared/fearful/afraid (OR: 1.96, 95%CI: 1.18–3.25) states . Significant interaction effects suggested that the effect of scared/fearful/afraid decreased while stressed/nervous/overwhelmed increased from the waiting area to before venepuncture on the likelihood of a VVR. To effectively reduce donor VVR risk, blood collection agencies need to address a broader range of emotions at different points during the donation process.

Assessing the impact of an automated Web‐based motivational interview on the intention and return behavior of Australian O‐negative donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-12-2021

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.16234

Guiding the development and implementation of interventions in transfusion medicine: The intervention mapping protocol

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 22-08-2021

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.16632

When In Your Face Is Not Out of Place: The Effect of Timing of Disclosure of a Same-Sex Dating Partner under Conditions of Contact

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 26-08-2015

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0135023

Bringing new plasma donors back: testing the efficacy of telephone and e-mail communications with first-time donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 22-04-2020

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.15787

Donor Research in Australia: Challenges and Promise

Publisher: S. Karger AG

Date: 2014

DOI: 10.1159/000365016

Abstract: Donors are the key to the core business of Blood Collection Agencies (BCAs). However, historically, they have not been a focus of research undertaken by these organizations. This model is now changing, with significant donor research groups established in a number of countries, including Australia. Donor research in the Australian Red Cross Blood Service (Blood Service) is concentrated in the Donor and Community Research (DCR) team. Cognizant of the complex and ever-changing landscape with regard to optimal donor management, the DCR team collaborates with academics located at universities around Australia to coordinate a broad program of research that addresses both short- and-long term challenges to the blood supply. This type of collaboration is not, however, without challenges. Two major collaborative programs of the Blood Service's research, focusing on i) the recruitment and retention of plasmapheresis donors and ii) the role of the emotion pride in donor motivation and return, are showcased to elucidate how the challenges of conducting collaborative BCA research can be met. In so doing, these and the other research programs described herein demonstrate how the Blood Service supports and contributes to research that not only revises operational procedures but also contributes to advances in basic science.

Reduced risk of vasovagal reactions in Australian whole blood donors after national implementation of applied muscle tension and water loading

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 13-02-2020

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.15701

The Blood Donor Anxiety Scale: a six-item state anxiety measure based on the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 28-03-2016

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.13520

Abstract: Research demonstrates that anxiety elevates the risk of blood donors experiencing adverse events, which in turn deters the performance of repeat blood donations. Identifying donors suffering from heightened state anxiety is important to assess the impact of evidence-based interventions. This study analyzed the appropriateness of a shortened version of the state subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in a blood donation context. STAI-State questionnaire data were collected from two separate s les of Australian blood donors (n = 919 and n = 824 after cleaning). Responses to demographic, donation history, and adverse reaction questions were also obtained. Identification of items and analysis was performed systematically to assess and compare internal reliability and content, construct, convergent, and criterion validity of three potential short-form state anxiety scales. Of the three short-form scales tested, STAI-State six-item scale demonstrated the best metric properties with the least number of items across both s le groups. Cronbach's alpha was acceptable (α = 0.844 and α = 0.820), correlated positively with the original measure (r = 0.927 and r = 0.931) and criterion-related variables, and maintained the two-dimension factorial structure of the original measure. The six-item short version of the STAI-State subscale presented the most reliable and valid scale for use with blood donors. A validated donor anxiety tool provides a standardized assessment and record of donor anxiety to gauge the effectiveness of ongoing efforts to enhance the donation experience.

Using an Extended Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict a Change in the Type of Blood Product Donated

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 27-01-2015

DOI: 10.1007/S12160-014-9677-9

Abstract: Demand for essential plasma-derived products is increasing. This prospective study aims to identify predictors of voluntary non-remunerated whole blood (WB) donors becoming plasmapheresis donors. Surveys were sent to WB donors who had recently (recent n = 1,957) and not recently donated (distant n = 1,012). Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs (attitude, subjective norm, self-efficacy) were extended with moral norm, anticipatory regret, and donor identity. Intentions and objective plasmapheresis donation for 527 recent and 166 distant participants were assessed. Multi-group analysis revealed that the model was a good fit. Moral norm and self-efficacy were positively associated while role identity (suppressed by moral norm) was negatively associated with plasmapheresis intentions. The extended TPB was useful in identifying factors that facilitate conversion from WB to plasmapheresis donation. A superordinate donor identity may be synonymous with WB donation and, for donors with a strong moral norm for plasmapheresis, may inhibit conversion.

Correction: When In Your Face Is Not Out of Place: The Effect of Timing of Disclosure of a Same-Sex Dating Partner under Conditions of Contact

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 18-09-2015

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0138937

The impact of the context and recruitment materials on nondonors' willingness to donate blood

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 25-09-2016

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.13805

Abstract: Anxiety is a frequently cited barrier to blood donor recruitment. Although the mere presence of donation paraphernalia can heighten anxiety for some in iduals, such stimuli are a necessary and unavoidable part of donation. Drawing on France and colleagues' research on tailored donor education and coping materials, the current study assessed whether modifying recruitment materials could improve donor recruitment in a context where anxiety is heightened. A field study comprising a 2 (presence or absence of a mobile blood collection unit [MCU]) × 2 (recruitment brochure: standard, coping) between-subjects design was conducted with 922 nondonors who believed themselves eligible to donate blood. In either the presence or absence of the MCU, participants received a standard or modified recruitment brochure modeled on France and colleagues' education and coping materials. Donation anxiety, attitude, subjective norm, self-efficacy, and intention were assessed, and donation behavior was tracked for 30 days. Participants who were assessed in the presence of the MCU reported heightened anxiety, and female participants reported decreased self-efficacy. The coping brochure improved self-efficacy, heightened the intention to donate in the presence of the MCU, and promoted blood donation behavior relative to the standard brochure. Path analyses supported a model in which, in the presence of the MCU, the coping brochure boosted self-efficacy and led to increased donation intention and behavior. In a context in which donation-related anxiety is heightened, provision of materials that address prospective donor concerns and suggest coping strategies can bolster self-efficacy and promote recruitment.

Erratum

Publisher: S. Karger AG

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1159/000502630

Deferred and deterred: a review of literature on the impact of deferrals on blood donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 28-08-2020

DOI: 10.1111/VOXS.12520

Abstract: Potential blood donors can be deferred due to concerns about the impact of the donation on their health or the safety of the blood supply. To date, we lack a comprehensive review of the impact of deferrals on donors and how to mitigate adverse effects. The aim of this review was to describe the available literature on deferrals, with a focus on the impact of deferrals on donors’ subsequent behaviour, potential reasons for impact and the effectiveness of strategies to improve deferral processes and facilitate donor return. A narrative review of the literature on blood donation deferrals was undertaken. Deferral rates vary widely across different contexts, with female, younger, first time and minority donors more likely to be ineligible to donate. There is clear evidence that deferrals impact on future donation behaviour, particularly for those deferred at their first donation attempt. Deferral has a negative emotional impact if the deferral is permanent or related to positive test results, while emotions experienced at the time of a temporary deferral are related to donors’ willingness to return. An understanding of the impact of deferrals from the donor perspective provides key information to improve the blood centre practices. There is preliminary evidence of the effectiveness of strategies to retain donors, including enabling the ineligible donor to make an alternative contribution, providing clear information about the deferral, notifying the donor when they can return to donate and addressing practical barriers to return.

Gone, but haven't forgotten: insights on plasmapheresis donation from lapsed donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-09-2020

DOI: 10.1111/VOX.13006

Experienced donors, adverse events, and retention

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 09-2012

DOI: 10.1111/J.1537-2995.2012.03829.X

A review of whole‐blood donors' willingness, motives, barriers and interventions related to donating another substance of human origin

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-01-2022

DOI: 10.1111/TME.12849

Abstract: Diversification of blood collection agencies' (BCAs) core business requires donors to donate substances of human origin (SoHO) beyond whole‐blood. Whole‐blood donors are assumed to be willing to convert to donate other SoHO as well as whole‐blood. However, no reviews consider the evidence on conversion (i.e., willingness/intention, behaviour, retention, attrition). This rapid review provides a narrative synthesis of whole‐blood donors' conversion to another SoHO, characteristics contributing to conversion, motives and deterrents, and interventions encouraging conversion. Sixty‐five studies were reviewed. Most were cross‐sectional and examined whole‐blood donor conversion to organ (willingness ledge for deceased donation), plasma or stem cell donation. Most examined conversion rather than characteristics contributing to conversion, motives, deterrents or interventions. Whole‐blood donors appear willing to donate another SoHO, yet conversion rates are unclear. Besides self‐efficacy, there is little consistency in reported characteristics of donors converting, and few theories applied to understand characteristics encouraging conversion. Intrinsic (altruism, self‐esteem, curiosity) and extrinsic (perceived need, service experience, direct requests) motives and barriers (lifestyle, fearing reduced health) appear important and require further research. Interventions encouraging conversion need replication and may include in‐person, in‐centre approaches, raising awareness of the functional benefits of other SoHO (high need, usefulness), and developing promotional materials that pique donors' curiosity, invite questions, and encourage donor‐initiated conversations about conversion. Centralising BCAs as a single business or partnering with other organisations appears mutually beneficial to encourage conversion and sustainable panels/resources. Research is needed to understand the impact of encouraging conversion on donors and organisations, and identify optimal management strategies for multi‐SoHO donors.

It is about who you know (and how you help them): Insights from staff and donors about how to recruit and retain a panel of committed anti‐D donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 09-01-2022

DOI: 10.1111/VOX.13242

Abstract: Maintaining a panel of committed anti‐D donors is crucial for the production of anti‐D immunoglobulin to prevent haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn. Given low numbers of donors in the Australian panel, there is a need to better understand motivators and barriers specific to anti‐D donors. A qualitative approach was used to gather perspectives of staff and current anti‐D donors in Australia. Focus groups were held with staff involved with the anti‐D programme. An asynchronous online discussion forum and interviews were conducted with donors. All data were coded using deductive and inductive thematic analysis. Staff stressed the importance of recruiting donors who met their own informal criteria as well as the formal selection criteria in order to maximize the chances of donors committing to making regular plasma donations. In contrast, donors were motivated by having a personal connection to anti‐D, the recipient group and being eligible to join the programme. Support from staff and understanding the value of their donations also helped donors overcome concerns about the risks of joining the programme and reduced barriers to remaining in the programme. Anti‐D donors in Australia are motivated by multiple factors, including knowing who the recipient is, and dedicated staff are integral to building donors' commitment through education and support. Findings suggest the current approach to recruitment could be broadened to include all donors who meet formal selection criteria, with retention enhanced by reinforcing and rewarding the motives identified by donors for donating.

Revisiting the Effect of Anthropomorphizing a Social Cause Campaign

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 25-09-2015

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0138886

Evaluating an online module for sexual violence prevention in a tertiary educational setting: An exploratory study

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 16-03-2023

DOI: 10.1002/HPJA.714

Abstract: Sexual violence is an important public health issue affecting significant numbers of university students across Australia and internationally. In response, online modules have been widely implemented and there is an urgent need to better understand their effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate an online sexual violence prevention and response education module designed for and implemented in one Australian university. We used a mixed‐methods approach that included pre ost module completion surveys of key measures relating to sexual consent, being a bystander, and response to disclosures as well as knowledge of resources and support services. We conducted post module completion semi‐structured interviews. Results indicated potential effectiveness of the module on beliefs about sexual consent, confidence intervening when witnessing potentially harmful situations, willingness to report incidents, confidence supporting a peer who discloses an incident, and knowledge of support services. Qualitative results indicated support for the online module as an accessible, private and self‐paced tool for sexual violence education. Interactive, relevant and engaging content that can be applied in real‐life contexts was noted as key for effectiveness. This exploratory study suggests there may be potential for online modules to be effective, as one aspect of universities' sexual violence prevention and response strategies—particularly modules aimed at addressing primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Further rigorous research is required to strengthen best practice in the development and implementation of online modules as part of whole‐of‐c us strategies. Universities across Australia and internationally are grappling with sexual violence response and prevention in light of high prevalence rates among students. Online modules may be one effective tool when implemented as part of a wider strategy.

Eligible blood donors’ decisions about donating stool for fecal microbiota transplantation: Does ambivalence play a role?

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 10-2021

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.16109

Integrating self‐determination theory and the theory of planned behaviour to predict intention to donate blood

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 11-11-2019

DOI: 10.1111/TME.12566

Abstract: The aim of this research was to test a model integrating self-determination theory (SDT) and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to predict intention to donate blood. Social science research suggests that motivational orientations outlined by SDT can be usefully integrated with constructs from the TPB to collectively predict intention and behaviour. Such analysis has not yet been undertaken in the context of blood donation. A total of 458 currently eligible donors completed measures of blood donor motivations, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control (PBC) and intention. Path analyses modelled the direct and indirect effects (via TPB constructs) of motivational orientations on intention. SDT motivational orientations explained an additional 14% of the variance in blood donation intention, compared to a TPB-only model. Amotivation had a negative direct effect on intention external regulation had no overall effect on intention introjected regulation had positive direct and indirect effects on intention and autonomous motivation predicted intention both directly as well as via attitudes, subjective norms and PBC. This research provides the first evidence that integrating SDT and the TPB is a useful approach in donor research, particularly for specifying plausible pathways through which motivational orientations impact intention to donate blood.

Long‐term return and donation pattern of those who begin donating at different ages: A retrospective cohort analysis of blood donors in Australia

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-11-2021

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.16187

Abstract: This study compared the likelihood of return to donate and donation rate ratio by age of donors at their first donation when followed up to 12 years. Donation history of two cohorts of first‐time donors (those donating in 2007 and 2013) was extracted until March 2019 from Australian Red Cross Lifeblood's national database. Poisson regression analyses compared donor return and negative‐binomial regression estimated the rate ratio of donations. A total of 120 469 and 95 381 donors were included in the 2007 and 2013 cohorts, respectively. Compared to donors aged 20‐24 years, the likelihood of return in both cohorts increased consistently as age at first donation increased from 30‐years and above. Average number of whole‐blood and plasmapheresis donations increased as the age at first donation increased from 30‐years onward. The whole‐blood donation rate was highest for donors ≥60 years, while plasmapheresis donation rate was highest for donors aged 50‐59 years. These patterns were largely consistent when stratified by sex. To continuously ensure the short‐ to mid‐term sufficiency of blood supply in Australia, targeted recruitment of donors aged 30‐years and above may be considered, however its feasibility and impact should be explored further given relatively smaller proportion of new donors are middle‐aged and older under current policies. Future studies with a longer follow‐up period are needed to examine whether the frequency of donation among those who start donating at a younger age increases later in their life when they are 30‐years or over.

Hostile Sexism and Rape Proclivity Amongst Men

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 02-11-2006

DOI: 10.1007/S11199-006-9022-2

Exploring predictors of Australian community members' blood donation intentions and blood donation–related behavior during theCOVID‐19 pandemic

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 09-09-2020

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.16067

Predicting the retention of first-time donors using an extended theory of planned behavior

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 18-01-2012

DOI: 10.1111/J.1537-2995.2011.03479.X

Abstract: Donor retention is vital to blood collection agencies. Past research has highlighted the importance of early career behavior for long-term donor retention, yet research investigating the determinants of early donor behavior is scarce. Using an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study sought to identify the predictors of first-time blood donors' early career retention. First-time donors (n=256) completed three surveys on blood donation. The standard TPB predictors and self-identity as a donor were assessed 3 weeks (Time 1) and at 4 months (Time 2) after an initial donation. Path analyses examined the utility of the extended TPB to predict redonation at 4 and 8 months after initial donation. The extended TPB provided a good fit to the data. Post-Time 1 and 2 behavior was consistently predicted by intention to redonate. Further, intention was predicted by attitudes, perceived control, and self-identity (Times 1 and 2). Donors' intentions to redonate at Time 1 were the strongest predictor of intention to donate at Time 2, while donors' behavior at Time 1 strengthened self-identity as a blood donor at Time 2. An extended TPB framework proved efficacious in revealing the determinants of first-time donor retention in an initial 8-month period. The results suggest that collection agencies should intervene to bolster donors' attitudes, perceived control, and identity as a donor during this crucial post-first donation period.

Does the Narrative Style of Video Evidence Influence Judgements About Rape Complainant Testimony?

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 14-07-2015

DOI: 10.1002/ACP.3146

How can we encourage our voluntary non-remunerated donors to donate more frequently?

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-12-2016

DOI: 10.1111/VOXS.12312

Psychological ownership and identity motives in blood donation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 08-06-2023

DOI: 10.1111/VOX.13479

Abstract: Interventions to retain existing donors are essential to increase the blood supply. Blood donor self‐identity is proposed to motivate sustained donation behaviour. However, interventions to develop self‐identity in the absence of donating blood are scarce. We propose that experiencing psychological ownership of a blood collection agency (BCA) may provide a potential avenue for fostering donor self‐identity and subsequent sustained donation behaviour. Two hundred and fifty‐five donor participants were recruited through Prolific Academic ( n = 175) and an Australian online blood donor community group ( n = 80), with an additional 252 non‐donors recruited through Prolific Academic. Participants completed an online survey assessing donation behaviour, perceived psychological ownership of a BCA, self‐identity and intentions to donate blood, amongst other constructs. Consistent with our theoretical argument, psychological ownership was positively associated with self‐identity, which, in turn, was positively associated with intentions to donate blood. Donation behaviour was positively associated with psychological ownership. Examination of psychological ownership by donation experience showed the expected relationship with committed donors having the strongest psychological ownership and non‐donors having the weakest psychological ownership over a BCA. We provide initial support for the inclusion of psychological ownership within a model of sustained blood donation behaviour.

An examination of the predictors of blood donors' intentions to donate during two phases of an avian influenza outbreak

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 28-09-2011

DOI: 10.1111/J.1537-2995.2010.02887.X

Abstract: Data from prior health scares suggest that an avian influenza outbreak will impact on people's intention to donate blood however, research exploring this is scarce. Using an augmented theory of planned behavior (TPB), incorporating threat perceptions alongside the rational decision-making components of the TPB, the current study sought to identify predictors of blood donors' intentions to donate during two phases of an avian influenza outbreak. Blood donors (n = 172) completed an on-line survey assessing the standard TPB predictors as well as measures of threat perceptions from the health belief model (i.e., perceived susceptibility and severity). Path analyses examined the utility of the augmented TPB to predict donors' intentions to donate during a low- and high-risk phase of an avian influenza outbreak. In both phases, the model provided a good fit to the data explaining 69% (low risk) and 72% (high risk) of the variance in intentions. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived susceptibility significantly predicted donor intentions in both phases. Within the low-risk phase, sex was an additional significant predictor of intention, while in the high-risk phase, perceived behavioral control was significantly related to intentions. An augmented TPB model can be used to predict donors' intentions to donate blood in a low-risk and a high-risk phase of an outbreak of avian influenza. As such, the results provide important insights into donors' decision-making that can be used by blood agencies to maintain the blood supply in the context of an avian influenza outbreak.

Willingness of blood donors in Australia to provide additional data and blood sample for health research

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 22-08-2021

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.16629

Abstract: Many blood collection agencies are generating important data on donor health outcomes using large‐scale blood donor cohort studies. Such studies can be very effective when donors provide access to linkage of their data to external health databases, and storage and genomic testing of their blood s le. In this study, we aimed to assess the willingness of Australian blood donors to provide additional data and blood s le for donation‐related and other health research. We invited 2017 donors to complete a survey using four methods (postal letter, postal letter and email, email only, and in‐center recruitment). The survey asked for information on demographics, lifestyle behaviors, health, experience and attitude to blood donation, and willingness to give blood s le and additional data for research. Response rates ranged from 23.8% for email only to 77.2% for in‐center recruitment. Of those who responded ( n = 827), 95.5% indicated they would be willing to provide a blood s le for donation and transfusion‐related research. Of these, .0% were willing for their s le to be used in research involving genetic testing and other health‐related topics. Also, .0% were willing to consent for linkage of their information to external health databases. Donors surveyed reported a high willingness to participate in health research by completing surveys, allowing linkage to external datasets, and providing a blood s le. These findings provide strong support for future longitudinal research studies with Australian blood donors.

Bad Woman, Bad Victim? Disentangling the Effects of Victim Stereotypicality, Gender Stereotypicality and Benevolent Sexism on Acquaintance Rape Victim Blame

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 20-05-2009

DOI: 10.1007/S11199-009-9648-Y

Predicting blood donation intentions and behavior among Australian blood donors: testing an extended theory of planned behavior model

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-2009

DOI: 10.1111/J.1537-2995.2008.01981.X

Abstract: Donor retention poses a significant problem to blood collection agencies around the world. Previous research using an augmented theory of planned behavior (TPB) approach has demonstrated that attitude, subjective norm, self-efficacy, moral norm, anticipated regret, donation anxiety from prior blood donations, and self-identity as a blood donor predicts experienced donors' intentions and that intentions, self efficacy, moral norm, and anticipated regret may impact upon people's actual blood donation behavior. Established blood donors (n = 263) completed questionnaires assessing standard TPB constructs, anticipated regret, moral norm, donation anxiety, and self-identity as a blood donor. Three months later, a second questionnaire assessing blood donation behavior in the intervening 3 months was mailed and returned by 182 donors. With structural equation modeling, the final augmented TPB model provided an excellent fit to the data and included a direct path from intention to behavior and indirect paths to behavior through intention for attitude, self-efficacy, and anticipated regret. Moral norm, donation anxiety, and donor identity indirectly predicted intention through attitude. In total, 51 percent of the variance in donors' attitudes, 86 percent of variance in donors' intentions, and 70 percent of the variance in donors' behavior were accounted for in the final model. An augmented TPB framework proved efficacious in determining the predictors of the intentions and behavior of established blood donors. Further, this framework highlighted the importance of considering in the future how donors' motivations for donating blood may evolve as a function of the number of prior donations.

Deconstructing the simplification of jury instructions: How simplifying the features of complexity affects jurors' application of instructions

Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)

Date: 06-2017

DOI: 10.1037/LHB0000234

Abstract: Research consistently shows that techniques currently used to simplify jury instructions do not always improve mock jurors' comprehension. If improvements are observed, these are limited and overall comprehension remains low. It is unclear, however, why this occurs. It is possible that current simplification techniques do not effectively simplify the features of complexity, present in standardized instructions, which have the greatest effect on jurors' comprehension. It is not yet known, however, how much each feature of complexity in idually affects jurors' comprehension. To investigate this, the authors used existing data from published empirical studies to examine how simplifying each feature of complexity affects mock jurors' application of instructions, as jurors can only apply instructions to the extent they understand them. The results suggest that reducing the conceptual complexity and proportion of supplementary information was associated with increased application of the instructions however, reducing both the linguistic complexity and amount of information, and providing the instructions in a written format was not. In addition, results showed an unexpected adverse effect of simplification-reducing the amount of information was associated with an increase in the punitiveness of mock jurors' verdicts, independently of the instruction content. Together, these results suggest a need to make jury instructions comprehensible, highlight the key principles in the decision-process, and identify a way to eliminate the negative effect of reducing the amount of information. Addressing these needs is essential for developing a simplification technique that maximizes jurors' comprehension and application of instructions, while minimizing the previously overlooked negative effects of simplification. (PsycINFO Database Record

The emotional psychology of blood donors: a time‐course approach

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 04-09-2018

DOI: 10.1111/VOXS.12385

Exploring the health and wellbeing benefits of gardening for older adults

Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Date: 27-08-2014

DOI: 10.1017/S0144686X14000865

Abstract: Research shows that contact with nature plays a vital role in our psychological wellbeing. Domestic gardening is common among older adults who spend more leisure hours gardening than any other age group. Despite this, few studies have systematically explored the significance of domestic gardens in relation to older adults' health and wellbeing. This study examined the perceived therapeutic benefits of gardening, and the effect of ageing in relation to older gardeners' continued participation in gardening, using quantitative and qualitative data from a survey of Australian older adult gardeners (N=331). The quantitative data, which included frequencies, were analysed using the PASW Statistics 18.0 package. The qualitative data, which included participants' responses to open questions, were analysed by deriving themes via Leximancer, an innovative text analytics software that uses word association information to elicit concepts, extracting the most important and grouping these according to themes. In relation to the reasons for gardening, several themes were identified including valuing the aesthetics of gardens, connecting with nature, achievement, and physical and mental activity. The benefits of gardening, and the variety of ways that respondents had adapted or modified their gardening activities in order to continue, are also reported. Gardening was more than a casual leisure pursuit for these participants, who saw it as critical to their physical and psychological wellbeing.

Thank you for donating: a survey of Australian donorsʼ and nondonorsʼ orientations toward noncash incentives for blood donation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 27-04-2020

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.15806

‘We Like You, But We Don’t Want You’—The Impact of Pregnancy in the Workplace

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 09-09-2007

DOI: 10.1007/S11199-007-9305-2

Evaluating stranger and acquaintance rape: The role of benevolent sexism in perpetrator blame and recommended sentence length.

Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)

Date: 06-2004

DOI: 10.1023/B:LAHU.0000029140.72880.69

The influence of event order on the narratives jurors construct and tell in cases of rape

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 11-08-2022

DOI: 10.1080/1068316X.2022.2109633

Recruiting and retaining plasmapheresis donors: A critical belief analysis

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.TRANSCI.2015.03.005

Abstract: This paper identifies critical beliefs underpinning intentions to commence and continue plasmapheresis donation. Whole blood (n = 624) and first-time plasmapheresis (n = 460) donors completed a cross-sectional survey assessing the belief-base of the theory of planned behaviour and rated their plasmapheresis donation intentions. While the idea of red blood cells being returned was a key deterrent for all donors, critical beliefs underlying commencement and continuation in the plasmapheresis donor panel differed and varied as a function of blood donation history. Findings will assist the development of targeted persuasion messages to optimise recruitment and retention of plasmapheresis donors in a non-remunerated context.

Does using applied muscle tension at strategic time points during donation reduce phlebotomist- and donor-reported vasovagal reaction rates? A three-armed randomized controlled trial

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 17-09-2018

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.14940

Abstract: Vasovagal reactions (VVRs) have a negative impact on donor safety and return. Applied muscle tension (AMT) increases blood pressure temporarily and has been suggested as a way to reduce donors' risk of VVRs. This study evaluated whether using AMT at three different time points during the donation procedure reduces the VVR symptoms reported by donors and the VVR reactions recorded by phlebotomists. A three-arm, multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial was used to compare VVR symptoms and reaction rates between those practicing AMT during the entire donation (n = 244) to practicing AMT at VVR high-risk time points (n = 250) to a standard blood donation control group (n = 240). All participants were asked to drink 500 mL of water in the waiting area, and an even distribution of new and repeat donors was sought across conditions. Across all conditions, donors reported few VVR symptoms and the rate of reporting did not differ significantly across conditions. However, donors who practiced AMT at strategic time points had a significantly lower number of phlebotomist-registered VVRs in comparison to the other two study groups, with these rates not varying by sex or donor status. Greater compliance by donors with AMT instructions was observed in those asked to practice AMT at strategic time points compared to those asked to practice AMT during the entire donation. Practicing AMT at VVR high-risk time points reduces the number of phlebotomist-registered VVRs.

A randomized controlled trial of post‐donation communication materials to increase donor return following a vasovagal reaction

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 26-07-2023

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17494

Abstract: Vasovagal reactions (VVRs) are one of the primary reasons for people to stop donating blood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of newly developed online communications on the rate of return of whole‐blood (WB) and plasma donors who experienced a VVR. First‐time and experienced WB and plasma donors who had a VVR without a loss of consciousness in the previous 3 days were randomly allocated to receive (a) an SMS sent 1–4 days post‐VVR ( n = 2303), (b) an email sent 6–10 days post‐VVR ( n = 2360), (c) both the SMS and the email ( n = 2248), or (d) business‐as‐usual donor retention communications (control n = 2557). Donation data were extracted to determine subsequent donation attempts. For return within 3 months, WB donors in the Email Only condition had significantly increased odds of returning (OR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.01–1.56). Subgroup analysis within WB donors showed increased odds of return for women sent the SMS and Email (OR: 1.50, 95%CI: 1.14–1.96) or the Email Only (OR: 1.44, 95%CI: 1.10–1.89), and for first‐time donors sent the Email Only (OR: 1.48, 95%CI: 1.07–2.05). At 6 months, only first‐time WB donors in the Email Only condition had significantly increased odds of returning (OR: 1.30, 95%CI: 1.01–1.69). No significant effects of the intervention were found for immediate or intermediate return for plasma donors. Sending an email addressing common donor concerns regarding VVRs increases WB donor retention, but additional strategies are needed for the effects to last and to retain plasma donors.

Growing evidence supports healthy older people continuing to donate blood into later life

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 04-2019

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.15237

A systematic review of incentives in blood donation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-11-2018

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.14387

Abstract: Incentives are often used to enhance the effectiveness of recruitment and retention c aigns targeting blood donors. However, the degree to which incentives succeed in attracting and facilitating repeat donation is unclear. A systematic literature review, following PRISMA guidelines, investigated the existing empirical evidence regarding the use of monetary and nonmonetary incentives within blood donation. A comprehensive search of relevant databases identified a total of 71 papers for inclusion in the review for defining and operationalizing incentives (Objective 1), of which nine papers empirically investigated attitudes toward incentives (Objective 2), 31 papers investigated the impact on blood donation behavior (Objective 3), and eight papers investigated the impact on blood safety (Objective 4). Overall, research into the use of incentives in blood donation is limited, characterized by comparatively few studies, predominantly focused on whole blood donors, that are confounded by current operating context (paid or voluntary). No incentive has been identified that all segments of the nondonor and donor panel report positive attitudes toward, that has a positive impact on behavior, and that has no negative impact on blood safety. Certain incentives (i.e., discounts, tickets, gifts, and paid time off work) have the strongest evidence base for potential inclusion within voluntary nonremunerated (VNR) donation systems. Due to the limited nature of the existing literature (particularly for apheresis donors) and inconsistencies observed within the results, additional research investigating the likely impact of introducing (or removing) monetary or nonmonetary incentives in VNR donor recruitment or retention is essential.

Perceptions of Stranger and Acquaintance Rape: The Role of Benevolent and Hostile Sexism in Victim Blame and Rape Proclivity

Publisher: No publisher found

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.1037//0022-3514.84.1.111

Trends in return behavior after an adverse event in Australian whole blood and plasma donors

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-08-2019

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.15475

Abstract: This study examined the impact of donor adverse events (DAEs) on plasma donor return and compared these against trends in whole blood (WB) donors. Using a retrospective cohort design, donors who attempted to give plasma or WB in 2014-2015 were categorized by DAE and followed for 2 years. Analyses of return rate, time to return, subsequent donation frequency, and recurrent risk were performed. Donor characteristics associated with return were also assessed. For both plasma and WB donors, vasovagal reactions (VVRs) were the strongest deterrent to return, with a lower proportion returning, taking longer to return, and making fewer subsequent donations than those with uncomplicated donations. Despite a higher likelihood of a recurrent event among those who experienced a DAE, the majority had an uncomplicated subsequent donation. Donor characteristics associated with return varied by phlebotomy and DAE type. For donors experiencing a VVR, differences were observed by donor experience, age, sex, and site type between plasma and WB. For phlebotomy-injured donors, differences were observed by sex, blood type, donor experience, and donation outcome between the two groups. No factors associated with return after a citrate reaction were found. This study highlights the detrimental effects of DAEs on plasma return, in particular VVRs, and the differences in factors associated with return compared to WB donors. Further research is required to understand the mechanisms underlying the decision to return following a DAE.

Intoxicated But Not Incapacitated: Are There Effective Methods to Assist Juries in Interpreting Evidence of Voluntary Complainant Intoxication in Cases of Rape?

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Date: 30-07-2018

DOI: 10.1177/0886260518790601

Abstract: Jurors often negatively evaluate complainants making allegations of rape when those complainants were intoxicated at the time of the assault. It is, therefore, essential that legal practitioners have effective methods of ensuring that jurors use evidence of intoxication for the legally permissible purpose, which is to determine the complainant’s cognitive capacity to consent. This study examines whether providing judicial instructions about how jurors should make use of complainant intoxication evidence assists jurors to use this evidence appropriately. University students ( N = 212) read a case synopsis of an Australian criminal trial in which the complainant described experiencing mild or moderate levels of cognitive impairment due to alcohol consumption. Participants were then given a standard instruction about using the evidence of the complainant’s intoxication or one that provided an upper decision limit for determining complainant cognitive capacity (providing inference support). As expected, presenting evidence about the complainant’s alcohol-impaired cognitive state attenuated participants’ negative perceptions of the complainant. The judicial instructions also assisted participants as they evaluated a moderately intoxicated complainant as less capable of consenting when participants received an instruction that supported the correct inference to draw from the evidence compared to a standard instruction. However, parallel mediation analysis showed that rape schemas mediated the relationship between perceived complainant capacity to consent and perceptions of defendant guilt. Judicial instructions that support perceivers’ inferences may assist participants to more appropriately evaluate information about complainants’ intoxication, however problematically, rape schemas still influenced decisions about defendant guilt.

Bad but Bold: Ambivalent Attitudes Toward Men Predict Gender Inequality in 16 Nations

Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)

Date: 2004

DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.86.5.713

Beliefs underlying blood donors' intentions to donate during two phases of an avian influenza outbreak

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2012

DOI: 10.1016/J.TRANSCI.2011.11.001

Beyond Description: The Predictive Role of Affect, Memory, and Context in the Decision to Donate or Not Donate Blood

Publisher: S. Karger AG

Date: 08-08-2019

DOI: 10.1159/000501917

Abstract: b i Background: /i /b Research on the recruitment and retention of blood donors has typically drawn on a homogeneous set of descriptive theories, viewing the decision to become and remain a donor as the outcome of affectively cold, planned, and rational decision-making by the in idual. While this approach provides insight into how our donors think about blood donation, it is limited and has not translated into a suite of effective interventions. In this review, we set out to explore how a broader consideration of the influences on donor decision-making, in terms of affect, memory, and the context in which donation takes place, may yield benefit in the way we approach donor recruitment and retention. b i Summary: /i /b Drawing on emerging research, we argue for the importance of considering the implications of both the positive and the negative emotions that donors experience and we argue for the importance of directly targeting affect in interventions to recruit nondonors. Next, we focus on the reconstructed nature of memory and the factors that influence what we remember about an event. We discuss how these processes may impact the retention of donors and the potential to intervene to enhance donors’ recollections of their experiences. Finally, we discuss how our focus on the in idual has led us to neglect the influence of the context in which donation takes place on donor behavior. We argue that the amassing of comprehensive large data sets detailing both the characteristics of the in iduals and the context of their giving will ultimately allow for the more effective deployment of resources to improve recruitment and retention. b i Key Messages: /i /b In suggesting these directions for future research, our want is to move beyond the ways in which we have traditionally described blood donation behavior with the aim of improving our theorizing about donors while improving the translational value of our research.

The effects of victim testimony order and judicial education on juror decision-making in trials for rape

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 28-07-2022

DOI: 10.1080/1068316X.2022.2099546

Perceptions of stranger and acquaintance rape: The role of benevolent and hostile sexism in victim blame and rape proclivity.

Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)

Date: 2003

DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.1.111

Explaining landholders' decisions about riparian zone management: The role of behavioural, normative, and control beliefs

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2005

DOI: 10.1016/J.JENVMAN.2005.03.002

Abstract: Water quality is a key concern in the current global environment, with the need to promote practices that help to protect water quality, such as riparian zone management, being paramount. The present study used the theory of planned behaviour as a framework for understanding how beliefs influence decisions about riparian zone management. Respondents completed a survey that assessed their behavioural, normative, and control beliefs in relation to intentions to manage riparian zones on their property. The results of the study showed that, overall, landholders with strong intentions to manage their riparian zones differed significantly in terms of their beliefs compared to landholders who had weak intentions to manage their riparian zones. Strong intentions to manage riparian zones were associated with a favourable cost-benefit analysis, greater perceptions of normative support for the practice and lower perceptions of the extent to which barriers would impede management of riparian zones. It was also evident that willingness to comply with the recommendations of salient referents, beliefs about the benefits of riparian zone management and perceptions of the extent to which barriers would impede riparian zone management were most important for determining intentions to manage riparian zones. Implications for policy and extension practice are discussed.

Understanding the plasmapheresis donor in a voluntary, nonremunerated environment

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-05-2011

DOI: 10.1111/J.1537-2995.2011.03168.X

Abstract: Increasing demand for plasma-derived products presents a major recruitment and retention challenge for blood collection agencies however, little is known about what motivates in iduals to become committed plasmapheresis donors. This study explored triggers for in iduals' first plasma donation and factors associated with continuing donations. A total of 103 plasma donors were recruited into 11 focus groups. Reasons for donating were discussed using a semistructured questioning approach. Transcripts were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Categories of perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes were developed from the data, cross-validated, and when relevant, assigned to higher-order themes. Awareness of plasmapheresis was most often gained when donors were unable to donate whole blood. Accordingly, the main trigger for conversion to plasma donation was a personal request by collection staff. A key benefit of plasma donation was its increased frequency, which facilitated the establishment of a routine and relationship development with staff and donors, whereas the key reported sacrifice was the greater donation time. Disappointment was the main response to an inability to donate. Functional tokens and refreshments were valued by donors, although it was felt that money spent on tokens would be better invested in making operations more efficient. Suitable whole blood donors should be made aware of plasmapheresis and its associated benefits through collection staff. Sustained donation can be encouraged by the establishment of a regular schedule and positive interactions with collection staff and other donors to enhance the donors' subjective well-being.

Demographic category membership and leadership in small groups: A social identity analysis

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-2006

DOI: 10.1016/J.LEAQUA.2006.04.007

Beliefs underlying the intention to donate again among first-time blood donors who experience a mild adverse event

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2013

DOI: 10.1016/J.TRANSCI.2013.06.008

Abstract: Using the belief basis of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the current study explored the rate of mild reactions reported by donors in relation to their first donation and the intention and beliefs of those donors with regard to returning to donate again. A high proportion of first-time donors indicated that they had experienced a reaction to blood donation. Further, donors who reacted were less likely to intend to return to donate. Regression analyses suggested that targeting different beliefs for those donors who had and had not reacted would yield most benefit in bolstering donors' intentions to remain donating. The findings provide insight into those messages that could be communicated via the mass media or in targeted communications to retain first-time donors who have experienced a mild vasovagal reaction.

Judgments of Sexual Assault: The Impact of Complainant Emotional Demeanor, Gender, and Victim Stereotypes

Publisher: University of California Press

Date: 2010

DOI: 10.1525/NCLR.2010.13.4.759

Abstract: Te sexual assault victim "who comes to the attention of the authorities has her victimization measured against the current rape mythologies" (R v. Seaboyer, 1991). Tis is particularly troubling given that lay beliefs regarding the crime of sexual assault are at odds with the data documenting the circumstances surrounding actual rape. Research has consistently demonstrated that lay people (hence, jurors) will question the validity of a sexual assault claim and judge the victim more harshly, if the circumstances surrounding the assault and/or the characteristics and actions of the sexual assault complainant do not comport with people's expectations about the event. In this paper we report the results of a juror simulation that examines the impact of victim's postassault emotional demeanor on judgments, in the context of independent manipulations of gender stereotypicality and victim stereotypicality. Results revealed that the complainant's emotional display had a powerful impact on participants' judgments, with the claim viewed as more valid when the complainant was portrayed as tearful/upset as opposed to calm/controlled, but only when the complainant was portrayed as gender stereotypic.

Examining knowledge translation in blood donor research: A review of vasovagal reaction literature

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-04-2021

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.16391

Abstract: Knowledge translation focuses on the transfer of research findings into policy and practice. To provide insight into the state of knowledge translation in blood donor research, we undertook a rapid review of a key research area in the field with high potential for translation, vasovagal reactions (VVRs). We examined the number and nature of VVR‐related studies to determine the availability of research evidence, and mapped the included articles along the research‐to‐practice trajectory using the Knowledge to Action framework. PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and EMBASE were searched for peer‐reviewed journal articles from inception to October 2019 using the terms blood don* AND vasovagal OR faint* OR syncope. A total of 176 articles met our inclusion criteria. Studies relating to VVRs increased substantially from 1942 to 2019, with 84% published in the last 20 years. Articles were predominately observation (non‐intervention) studies (117 66%), followed by intervention (knowledge inquiry) studies (31 18%) and review (knowledge synthesis) studies (20 11%). The evidence from intervention research was limited, with 14 strategies tested in 31 studies and often by the same research groups. Only 5 (3%) implementation and evaluation studies were found all focused on evaluating the effects of a newly introduced intervention on VVR rates through uncontrolled or cross‐sectional study designs. VVR research is in the early stages of knowledge translation. More intervention research is needed to provide a robust evidence base as well as more published implementation research to share knowledge of translating research into policy and practice.

‘Stay at home and limit contact’: The impact of stay‐at‐home advice on the behavior of Australian donors aged 70 and over in the first year of the pandemic

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-10-2022

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.17120

Abstract: Early in the COVID‐19 pandemic, Australian donors aged 70 and over were advised to temporarily stop donating. The aim of this research was to understand the factors associated with some of these donors continuing to donate despite the advice, and whether adherence to the advice had negative implications for donor retention. Survey data from 2078 donors were analyzed to understand the factors associated with donating blood during the first 6 months of the pandemic, and the impact of following stay‐at‐home advice during the first 6 months of the pandemic on donor return 6–12 months into the pandemic. Panel data were used to gain an overview of donation behavior before, during, and after the initial phase of the pandemic. Donations by donors aged 70 and over decreased disproportionately to other age groups during the early stages of the pandemic. Sex, total donation count, awareness of stay‐at‐home advice from the Blood Collection Agency, the mode of receiving stay‐at‐home advice, donor risk perceptions and attitudes toward stay‐at‐home advice were associated with donation behavior in the first 6 months of the pandemic. Donors who did not donate in the first 6 months of the pandemic had lower odds of returning 6–12 months into the pandemic. Stay‐at‐home advice was partially successful in preventing older donors from donating however, more tailored communication approaches may have prevented more donors from donating. Implementation of stay‐at‐home advice should be accompanied by strategies to prevent ongoing donor lapse in the medium‐ to long‐term.

Perceived deterrents to being a plasmapheresis donor in a voluntary, nonremunerated environment

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 24-09-2013

DOI: 10.1111/J.1537-2995.2012.03891.X

Abstract: As demand for plasma-derived products increases internationally, maintaining a committed plasmapheresis panel membership is critical for blood collection agencies. This study addresses the current lack of knowledge regarding deterrents to the recruitment and retention of plasmapheresis donors in a voluntary nonremunerated environment. Nine focus groups (n = 84) and six in idual interviews were conducted using semistructured schedules. Three focus groups were conducted with each category of eligible whole blood (WB) donors: those who had 1) declined to convert to plasmapheresis (DTC), 2) converted but lapsed to WB (LWB), and 3) converted and lapsed from the panel completely (LFP). Transcript analysis revealed distinct deterrent categories. The time required for plasmapheresis was a universally identified deterrent, with concerns of donation frequency expectations shared between DTC and LWB. LWB and LFP both reported excessive questioning and paperwork, and eligibility requirements as deterrents. Unique deterrents for DTC were a lack of accurate knowledge about safety and process. LWB reported concerns about plasmapheresis donation outcomes however, they were more committed to continuing donation than LFP, who reported donation not being salient, being too busy, and poorer donation experiences. Providing information to address safety and health concerns should be the focus for successful conversion to plasmapheresis. Setting donation frequency expectations at levels to which donors are accustomed may improve evaluations of the cost/benefit ratio of conversion and retention. Involvement levels (i.e., importance, personal meaning of donation) may be the key differentiator between those donors who return to WB and those that lapse altogether.

With Friends Like These…

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 10-2006

DOI: 10.1300/J082V51N02_07

A novel approach to increasing inventory with the current panel: increasing donation frequency by asking for a different blood product

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-02-2015

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.12990

Abstract: Ongoing shortages of blood products may be addressed through additional donations. However, donation frequency rates are typically lower than medically possible. This preliminary study aims to determine voluntary nonremunerated whole blood (WB) and plasmapheresis donors' willingness, and subsequent facilitators and barriers, to make additional donations of a different type. Forty in idual telephone interviews were conducted posing two additional donation pattern scenarios: first, making a single and, second, making multiple plasmapheresis donations between WB donations. Stratified purposive s ling was conducted for four s les varying in donation experience: no-plasma, new-to-both-WB-and-plasma, new-to-plasma, and plasma donors. Interviews were analyzed yielding excellent (κ values > 0.81) inter-rater reliability. Facilitators were more endorsed than barriers for a single but not multiple plasmapheresis donation. More new-to-both donors (n = 5) were willing to make multiple plasma donations between WB donations than others (n = 1 each) and identified fewer barriers (n = 3) than those more experienced in donation (n = 8 no plasma, n = 10 new to both, n = 11 plasma). Donors in the plasma s le were concerned about the subsequent reduced time between plasma donations by adding WB donations (n = 3). The no-plasma and new-to-plasma donors were concerned about the time commitment required (n = 3). Current donors are willing to add different product donations but donation history influences their willingness to change. Early introduction of multiple donation types, variation in inventory levels, and addressing barriers will provide blood collection agencies with a novel and cost-effective inventory management strategy.

The vasovagal reaction experience among blood donors: A qualitative study of factors that affect donor return

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2021.114142

Principles and popularity: The interplay of moral norms and descriptive norms in the context of volunteerism

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 20-02-2012

DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8309.2012.02095.X

Abstract: Can a moral norm be manipulated and if so, how does a manipulated moral norm interact with a descriptive norm to impact on behavioural intentions? The present research addressed these questions in three studies. Study 1a and 1b demonstrated the validity of a manipulation designed to activate a moral norm for volunteer activity. In Study 2, activating a moral norm for volunteering strengthened intentions to volunteer and inhibited intentions to conform to a descriptive norm. Conceptual and applied implications of activating a moral norm are discussed.

Right here, right now: the impact of the blood donation context on anxiety, attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and intention to donate blood

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 21-12-2011

DOI: 10.1111/J.1537-2995.2011.03486.X

Abstract: While research has established the role of anticipated emotions in augmented Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) models of donor behavior, research has yet to consider the impact of immediate emotions that may be triggered by the blood donor context on respondents' intentions to donate blood. This study explored the impact of blood donor paraphernalia on respondents' positivity toward blood donation and on the interrelationships typically observed in TPB blood donation studies. Seventy-six participants were randomly allocated to complete TPB questionnaires assessing attitudes, subjective norm, and self-efficacy along with intention to donate blood in either an affectively "hot" (blood donation paraphernalia) or a cold (control) condition. Anxiety about donating blood was also assessed. Respondents in the affectively hot condition reported significantly greater anxiety about donating blood along with less positive attitudes, weaker subjective norms, lower self-efficacy, and lower intention to donate than respondents in the cold control condition. In support of extant TPB research, correlational analyses indicated that the relationships between attitudes, self-efficacy, and intention were not impacted upon by condition. Blood donation paraphernalia induces anxiety in donors and results in diminished positivity toward donating. An awareness of what donors experience as a function of the context of blood donation may allow blood services to effectively intervene to bolster donors' positivity toward blood donation at the point where donation can take place.

When chivalry backfires: Benevolent sexism and attitudes toward Myra Hindley

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-2005

DOI: 10.1348/135532504X15277

Life on the Ocean Wave: Testing Some Intergroup Hypotheses in a Naturalistic Setting

Publisher: SAGE Publications

Date: 04-2001

DOI: 10.1177/1368430201004002001

Abstract: A survey ( N= 352) was conducted among British passengers of a cross-channel ferry. The survey aimed to test hypotheses drawn from Realistic Group Conflict, Social Identity and Contact theories using mainly a correlational design. However, an intervention by members of the outgroup (French fishermen blockading a port) also allowed a quasi-experimental test of the effects of a direct experience of intergroup conflict. Results supported the hypotheses since conflict and national identification were associated with more negative and with less positive attitudes toward the outgroup, while contact had the reverse effects. In addition, the salience of group membership in the contact relationship weakly moderated the effect of contact.

Integrating social identity theory and the theory of planned behaviour to explain decisions to engage in sustainable agricultural practices

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 03-2008

DOI: 10.1348/014466607X206792

The impact of age and sex on first-time donor return behavior.

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 14-12-2020

DOI: 10.1111/TRF.15627

Abstract: This study examined the impact of age and sex of first-time donors who had not experienced an adverse event or deferral on their likelihood of and time to return. On behalf of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative, international blood collection agencies (BCAs) were invited to provide data on first-time whole blood donors in 2014, including initial presentation date, collection site type, age, sex, blood type, return to donate within 24 months (yes/no), and subsequent presentation date. Eight BCAs contributed 706,789 records. The overall odds of returning to donate were slightly lower in female versus male donors, and the overall age trend was U-shaped with younger and older donors having higher odds for returning relative to middle-aged donors. However, variations by BCA were observed. Specifically, in three BCAs, women had higher odds of returning to donate than men. Further, while across seven BCAs the smallest cohort of older first-time donors returned at a higher rate and returned more quickly than middle-aged first-time donors, the behavior of younger donors varied substantially between BCAs. While older first-time donors are more likely to return and return more quickly than middle-aged donors they make up only a small proportion of first-time donors, whereas the larger group of younger donors exhibits less clear patterns of return compared to middle-aged donors. Further research is needed to determine whether targeting the recruitment of older donors or bolstering retention of middle-aged donors would be most effective in maintaining the blood supply.

Identity motives in charitable giving: Explanations for charity preferences from a global donor survey

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 27-04-2020

DOI: 10.1002/MAR.21362

A Social Identity Model for Education

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Date: 09-10-2018

DOI: 10.1093/OXFORDHB/9780190263362.013.1

Abstract: Much of the research on in idual attainment in educational settings has focused on in idual differences. This chapter sets out the role of groups and group processes. After reviewing evidence for the role of social comparison in the classroom, and theory and research on ethnic group differences, we consider the impact of category memberships, stereotypes, and threat on educational performance. We introduce social identity theory and explain its relevance to educational outcomes. We then offer an integrative social identity model for education (SIME) that incorporates three elements of education research: social comparison, stereotypes, and identity. The model provides a more comprehensive perspective on the role of intergroup and intragroup relations and indicates how (and which) group memberships can present barriers to, or reveal new horizons for, performance and achievement. We describe how these elements may work together in practice and conclude by considering prospects and approaches for future research.

The role of identity in how whole-blood donors reflect on and construct their future as a plasma donor

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-07-2020

DOI: 10.1002/CASP.2429

University Of Queensland

Location: Australia

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University Of Kent

Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

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The University Of Newcastle

Location: Australia

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Understanding Reactions To Diversity Initiatives In Organizations: An Intergroup Perspective

Start Date: 2004

End Date: 2006

Funder: Australian Research Council

The Emotional Psychology Of Blood Donors: Understanding And Using The Affective Key To Donor Return

Start Date: 2014

End Date: 2017

Funder: Australian Research Council

Recruiting And Retaining Australian Blood Donors: A Social-psychological Analysis Of The Role Of Attitudes, Identity, And Norms

Start Date: 2005

End Date: 2007

Funder: Australian Research Council

The Initiation And Maintenance Of Plasma And Platelet Donation In Australia: An Analysis Of The Role Of Donor Identity And Commitment

Start Date: 2010

End Date: 2012

Funder: Australian Research Council

Rape Victims On Trial: Understanding Police Officers' And Jurors' Beliefs About Sexual Assault, Victims, And Perpetrators

Start Date: 2012

End Date: 2014

Funder: Australian Research Council

Protecting The Blood Supply Against Infectious Disease By Strengthening The Evidence Base That Guides Donor Selection And Screening Policy

Start Date: 2018

End Date: End date not available

Funder: National Health and Medical Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP140100034

Start Date: 06-2015

End Date: 06-2019

Amount: $392,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP200301483

Start Date: 02-2022

End Date: 02-2025

Amount: $389,874.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP100100408

Start Date: 08-2010

End Date: 12-2015

Amount: $371,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP120101104

Start Date: 2012

End Date: 12-2015

Amount: $310,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP0561113

Start Date: 2005

End Date: 12-2008

Amount: $337,493.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP0451975

Start Date: 2004

End Date: 01-2008

Amount: $145,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP220200819

Start Date: 2024

End Date: 12-2026

Amount: $395,486.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Industrial Transformation Training Centres - Grant ID: IC210100008

Start Date: 08-2022

End Date: 08-2026

Amount: $4,282,859.00

Funder: Australian Research Council