ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7232-2717
Current Organisations
King's College London
,
University of Oxford
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Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 03-02-2022
DOI: 10.1017/S0954579421001632
Abstract: The present study examined patterns of stability and change in loneliness across adolescence. Data were drawn from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a UK population-representative cohort of 2,232 in iduals born in 1994 and 1995. Loneliness was assessed when participants were aged 12 and 18. Loneliness showed modest stability across these ages ( r = .25). Behavioral genetic modeling indicated that stability in loneliness was explained largely by genetic influences (66%), while change was explained by nonshared environmental effects (58%). In iduals who reported loneliness at both ages were broadly similar to in iduals who only reported it at age 18, with both groups at elevated risk of mental health problems, physical health risk behaviors, and education and employment difficulties. In iduals who were lonely only at age 12 generally fared better however, they were still more likely to finish school with lower qualifications. Positive family influences in childhood predicted reduced risk of loneliness at age 12, while negative peer experiences increased the risk. Together, the findings show that while early adolescent loneliness does not appear to exert a cumulative burden when it persists, it is nonetheless a risk for a range of concomitant impairments, some of which can endure.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-01-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-05-2018
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-07-2018
Abstract: Many organizations are implementing mental health training for managers to facilitate better communication between managers and employees suffering from mental health problems. Much of this training focuses on improving managers' mental health literacy and reducing stigma. However, it is unclear whether this focus is appropriate or whether other targets, such as improving skills and confidence, should be given greater consideration. To test whether knowledge, attitudes and confidence are associated with managers' behavioural responses to mental health issues among their staff. Managers from a large Australian fire and rescue service completed a questionnaire addressing their knowledge, attitudes, confidence and behavioural responses when managing employee mental health issues. The relationship was assessed using logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Eighty-five managers responded (response rate 66%). Managers' confidence was the strongest predictor of their behaviour. Managers who felt confident discussing mental health were significantly more likely to make contact with an employee who was suspected to be suffering from a mental illness (OR 15.79, 95% CI 3.03-82.37, P < 0.01) or was on sickness leave for mental health reasons (OR 19.84, 95% CI 2.25-175.15, P < 0.01). Non-stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illness also significantly predicted contact with a staff member off work due to mental health problems (OR 5.22, 95% CI 1.21-22.54, P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that manager mental health training should focus on building their confidence and reducing stigma in order to have the greatest chance of altering workplace practices.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 21-03-2018
DOI: 10.1136/OEMED-2017-104789
Abstract: Managers are in an influential position to make decisions that can impact on the mental health and well-being of their employees. As a result, there is an increasing trend for organisations to provide managers with training in how to reduce work-based mental health risk factors for their employees. A systematic search of the literature was conducted to identify workplace interventions for managers with an emphasis on the mental health of employees reporting directing to them. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate pooled effect sizes using the random effects model for both manager and employee outcomes. Ten controlled trials were identified as relevant for this review. Outcomes evaluating managers’ mental health knowledge (standardised mean difference (SMD)=0.73 95% CI 0.43 to 1.03 p .001), non-stigmatising attitudes towards mental health (SMD=0.36 95% CI 0.18 to 0.53 p .001) and improving behaviour in supporting employees experiencing mental health problems (SMD=0.59 95% CI 0.14 to 1.03 p=0.01) were found to have significant pooled effect sizes favouring the intervention. A significant pooled effect was not found for the small number of studies evaluating psychological symptoms in employees (p=0.28). Our meta-analysis indicates that training managers in workplace mental health can improve their knowledge, attitudes and self-reported behaviour in supporting employees experiencing mental health problems. At present, any findings regarding the impact of manager training on levels of psychological distress among employees remain preliminary as only a very limited amount of research evaluating employee outcomes is available. Our review suggests that in order to understand the effectiveness of manager training on employees, an increase in collection of employee level data is required.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-05-2022
DOI: 10.1002/JCV2.12073
Abstract: This study examined early life antecedents of childhood social isolation, whether these factors accounted for poor outcomes of isolated children, and how these associations varied according to patterns of stability and change in childhood isolation. Participants included 2232 children from the Environmental Risk (E‐Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study. We conducted growth mixture modelling (GMM) on combined parent and teacher reports of children's social isolation when children were 5, 7, 10 and 12 years, and we assessed associations with age‐5 antecedents and age‐18 outcomes using regression analyses. We identified three linear developmental trajectories of increasing (4.75%), decreasing (5.25%) and low stable (90.00%) social isolation. Age‐5 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, emotional problems, prosocial behaviours, maternal personality (openness) and size of school were associated with the decreasing trajectory of social isolation. When controlling for these antecedents, increasingly isolated children were still more likely to experience ADHD symptoms, loneliness, lower job optimism and lower physical activity at age 18. Isolated children follow distinct patterns of change over childhood and isolation seems most detrimental to health at the time it is experienced. Social isolation can be a valuable indicator of co‐occurring problems and provide targets for mental health intervention in young people.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 05-01-2021
Abstract: The present study used quantitative and qualitative methods to explore how lonely young people are seen from others’ perspectives, in terms of their personality, behavior, and life circumstances. Data were drawn from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a cohort of 2,232 in iduals born in the U.K. in the mid-1990s. When participants were aged 18, they provided self-reports of loneliness, and informant ratings of loneliness were provided by interviewers, as well as participants’ parents and siblings. Interviewers further provided Big Five personality ratings and detailed written notes in which they documented their perceptions of the participants and their reflections on the content of the interview. In the quantitative section of the article, regression analyses were used to examine the perceptibility of loneliness and how participants’ loneliness related to their perceived personality traits. The informant ratings of participants’ loneliness showed good agreement with self-reports. Furthermore, loneliness was associated with lower perceived conscientiousness, agreeableness, and extroversion and higher perceived neuroticism. Within-twin pair analyses indicated that these associations were partly explained by common underlying genetic influences. In the qualitative section of the study, the loneliest 5% of study participants ( N = 108) were selected, and thematic analysis was applied to the study interviewers’ notes about those participants. Three themes were identified and named: “uncomfortable in own skin,” “clustering of risk,” and “difficulties accessing social resources.” These results add depth to the current conceptualization of loneliness and emphasize the complexity and intersectional nature of the circumstances severely lonely young adults live in.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: Australia
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Bridget Bryan.