ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2020-3791
Current Organisation
University of Queensland
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Health Policy | Studies of Asian Society | Law and Society | Other Studies in Human Society |
Expanding Knowledge through Studies of Human Society | Religion and Society | Health Policy Evaluation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-11-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2010
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 08-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-08-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-01-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
DOI: 10.1111/IDJ.12541
Abstract: This study compares the workplace decisions from University of Sydney (USYD) dental graduates who participated in a 1-month voluntary Rural Clinical Placement Program (RCPP), USYD graduates who did not participate in the RCPP (non-RCPP), and with graduates who qualified from a dental Rural Clinical School (RCS) at Charles Sturt University (CSU). From mid-2015, USYD students who graduated between 2009 and 2013, and CSU graduates from 2013 to 2014, were requested to complete a telephone interview related to employment choices. For USYD, 135 interviews were completed (63% of contactable graduates) and for CSU, 39 interviews (68%). Mixed methods were applied to analyse the data. For USYD, 33% of RCPP participants were working rurally compared with 18% of the non-RCPP, whilst 54% of CSU graduates were working rurally. For USYD, the self-reported influence of the RCPP on the graduates' employment decisions was a significant predictor of rural employment. For CSU, country of birth and employment status were weakly associated with rural employment. Across the three cohorts, key employment factors were as follows: job availability, family, personal relationships, good mentorship, clinical training, partner factor and lifestyle. In addition, both the RCPP and CSU graduates showed greater interest and awareness of rural employment than the non-RCPP. The CSU RCS and USYD RCPP are leading to positive rural employment outcomes, and it is clear that the provision of a rural experience is influencing graduates to work rurally. Further investigation of the CSU program is required to fully assess its impact and to provide longitudinal workforce information.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-1754.2006.00783.X
Abstract: Objective: There is international recognition that health personnel involved in deliveries should be adequately trained in neonatal resuscitation. A survey was carried out in New South Wales (NSW) and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) to ascertain the type, frequency and availability of training in neonatal resuscitation to staff who may need to resuscitate an infant at birth. The survey included a self‐perception rating of confidence and competence in neonatal resuscitation. Methods: Questionnaires were sent to 117 hospitals carrying out deliveries in NSW and ACT. Questionnaires were distributed to staff members who may be present at a delivery in a designated 24‐h period. Results: In total, 1457 questionnaires from 101 hospitals were returned and analysed. Overall response rate was 86.3% with 96.1% able to be assigned to tertiary, urban non‐tertiary or rural areas. Eighty‐five per cent of tertiary respondents had a training programme available to them compared with 59% of urban non‐tertiary staff and 31% of rural practitioners. Approximately one‐third of respondents in rural and urban non‐tertiary units had either never been trained or had training more than 2 years before the survey. In rural areas more than 25% staff were not confident in their resuscitation skills and only 9% felt very competent. Conclusion: Three‐quarters of all births in NSW and ACT take place in rural or urban non‐tertiary hospitals where one‐third of health personnel are inadequately trained in neonatal resuscitation and many do not feel confident in their skills. Effective neonatal resuscitation training for these areas is urgently required.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 22-12-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0279446
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic and governments’ response lead to dramatical change in quality of life worldwide. However, the extent of this change in Vietnamese medical and nursing students has not been documented. The study aims to describe the quality of life and changes in quality of life of medical and nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine the association of quality of life and changes in quality of life with fear of COVID-19 and other socio-economic and demographic factors. The study was a cross-sectional study on all students of Hanoi Medical University from 3 majors: General Medicine, Preventive Medicine, Nursing (3672 invited students) from 7th to 29th of April 2020 using an online questionnaire that included demographic and academic information, the Vietnamese version of the SF-36 Quality of Life questionnaire and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). Linear and modified Poisson regression was used to examine the association between quality of life, changes in quality of life and other factors. The number of participants was 1583 (response rate 43%). Among 8 dimensions of the SF-36 (ranged 0–100), Vitality had the lowest score with a median score of 46. The median physical composite score (PCS) of the s le was 40.6 (IQR:20.8–53.2), 33.5% of the s le had an above-population average PCS score. The median mental composite score (MCS) of the s le was 20.3 (IQR:3.8–31.7), and 98.2% had an MCS score below average. 9.9% (95%CI:8.5%–11.4%) of the population reported a significant negative change in the quality of life. Fear of COVID-19 was not associated with significant changes in quality of life, nor MCS while having some association with PCS (Coef:-5.39 %CI:-3to-7.8). Perceived reduction in quality of life was also associated with: being on clinical rotation COVID-19 (PR:1.5 %CI:1.05–2.2), difficulties affording health services (PR:1.4 %CI:1.02–1.95), obesity (PR:2.38 %CI:1.08–5.25) and chronic disease (PR:1.92 %CI:1.23–3), typical symptoms (PR:1.85 95%CI:1.23–2.78) and atypical symptoms of COVID-19 (PR:2.32 %CI:1.41–3.81). The majority of medical and nursing students had below average quality of life, with lower vitality and mental composite health score in the settings of COVID-19. Perceived decrease in quality of life was associated with clinical rotation, difficulties affording healthcare services and was not associated with Fear of COVID-19.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-11-2018
DOI: 10.1111/EJE.12401
Abstract: Australia has a lack of dental practitioners in rural and remote regions. This study evaluates the impact of a Rural Clinical Placement Program (RCPP) offered to final year students at the University of Sydney (USYD) Dental School on the graduates working locations. University of Sydney students who graduated between 2009 and 2013 (n = 404) were invited to complete a telephone interview. One hundred and thirty-five graduates were interviewed, 90 RCPP participants and 45 non-participants. The majority of graduates interviewed were from a metropolitan background (87%), 47% were female, 77% worked full time, and 70% were employed in private practice. A higher proportion (33%) of the RCPP participants were working in rural Australia compared with 18% of the non-participants. The graduates reported that the RCPP was a high-quality program with excellent rural clinical supervisors, provided broad clinical dentistry they met appreciative patients and enjoyed the rural lifestyle. The RCPP was a valuable and positive experience with many considering it as a highlight of their dental education. A large proportion reported the program positively influenced their employment location choices, and a higher proportion of the RCPP participants were identified as working rurally, compared to the non-participants.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-08-2015
DOI: 10.1136/POSTGRADMEDJ-2014-133130
Abstract: Preventable harm is one of the top six health problems in the developed world. Developing patient safety skills and knowledge among advanced trainee doctors is critical. Clinical supervision is the main form of training for advanced trainees. The use of supervision to develop patient safety competence has not been established. To establish the use of clinical supervision and other workplace training to develop non-technical patient safety competency in advanced trainee doctors. Keywords, synonyms and subject headings were used to search eight electronic databases in addition to hand-searching of relevant journals up to 1 March 2014. Titles and abstracts of retrieved publications were screened by two reviewers and checked by a third. Full-text articles were screened against the eligibility criteria. Data on design, methods and key findings were extracted. Clinical supervision documents were assessed against components common to established patient safety frameworks. Findings from the reviewed articles and document analysis were collated in a narrative synthesis. Clinical supervision is not identified as an avenue for embedding patient safety skills in the workplace and is consequently not evaluated as a method to teach trainees these skills. Workplace training in non-technical patient safety skills is limited, but one-off training courses are sometimes used. Clinical supervision is the primary avenue for learning in postgraduate medical education but the most overlooked in the context of patient safety learning. The widespread implementation of short courses is not matched by evidence of rigorous evaluation. Supporting supervisors to identify teaching moments during supervision and to give weight to non-technical skills and technical skills equally is critical.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-07-2007
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 08-11-1986
DOI: 10.1136/BMJ.293.6556.1215
Abstract: There is little information about the extent of contact between heroin users and medical facilities. In this study of heroin users from general practice we found an increase in the attendance of patients after the onset of heroin use and that a high proportion of appointments were made at general practices compared with hospital departments.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 30-10-2017
Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Date: 12-2018
DOI: 10.1200/JGO.18.00185
Abstract: The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 2015 to 2030 includes a specific goal for health (Sustainable Development Goal [SDG] 3) with 13 targets, including SDG3.4 for the control and treatment of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), namely, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and chronic lung disease. There is considerable concern that SDG3.4 may not be achieved. The WHO Best Buys for NCDs has emphasized prevention, and although crucial, it alone will not achieve the 30% reduction in NCDs by 2030. Likewise, a strengthened health system is required as all NCDs are likely to require hospital facilities and community services for optimal management. This is a major problem for low-resource countries (LRCs) —that is, low-income countries and lower-middle-income countries—as most currently have a poorly developed health system, including cancer services, in need of upgrading. This is a result of the extreme poverty of LRCs, where 40% to 80% of the population live on less than USD $1.25 per day, with the average health spending by governments in low-income countries at $110 per person per year. In this article, we outline a comprehensive national cancer services plan for LRCs. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for cancer treatment also require input from other specialties, such as anesthesia, pathology, laboratory medicine, a blood bank, and diagnostic radiology. This will provide a focus for adding additional specialties, including cardiology, respiratory medicine, and psychiatry, to support the management of all NCDs and to contribute to the overall strengthening of the health system. The national cancer services plan for LRCs will require significant funding and input from both in-country and overseas experts in health, cancer, and finance working collaboratively. Success will depend on thoughtful strategic planning and providing the right balance of overseas support and guidance, but ensuring that there is in-country ownership and control of the program is essential.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-04-2019
DOI: 10.1111/ADJ.12691
Abstract: There is little longitudinal evaluation of rural dental education outreach programs. This longitudinal research investigates the influence of a Rural Clinical Placement Program (RCPP) on workforce outcomes in terms of practice locations for five graduate years from the University of Sydney. Work locations for the graduates from 2009-2013 were identified in 2015 and 2017 by rurality, using faculty contact lists, phone calls and online methods. A total of 397 graduate locations were identified out of 404 (98.2%) (267 RCPP participants and 137 non-RCPP participants). Semi-structured questionnaires were used to report on demographic and characteristic data. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were utilised to explore associations. Rural Clinical Placement Program participation in 2015 was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of working rurally (PR = 2.16), and almost two times the likelihood of rural retention in the period from 2015 to 2017 (PR = 1.93). In the multivariate analyses, both rural experience prior to the RCPP and pre-placement rural intentions were significant independent predictors of an increased likelihood for rural employment and rural retention. Participation in the RCPP was associated with increased rural employment and retention. Prior rural experience and pre-placement rural intentions were identified as significant independent predictors of rural employment.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-07-2018
DOI: 10.1002/NOP2.187
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-11-2017
DOI: 10.1111/EJE.12305
Abstract: The availability of clinical dental services in rural locations is a major concern for many countries as dental care professionals gravitate to work in metropolitan areas. This systematic review examines the literature on Rural Placement Programs within dentistry and their impact on workforce intentions and employment outcomes. The review provides a detailed analysis of the methodological characteristics of the literature, considers the quality of the evidence and compares the outcomes within an international context. The systematic review identified published literature between 2005 and 2016 from databases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, NursingOVID and Cochrane. The PRISMA protocol was adopted for the development of the study, and the Health Gains Notation Framework was implemented to assess the quality of the selected research papers. Eleven studies considering Rural Clinical Placement Programs met the inclusion criteria. The studies were from Australia, South Africa, United States, Thailand and India. The evidence in this review indicates that well-designed, financially supported programmes that provide a perceived valuable clinical experience, good supervision and professional support in a rural environment can lead to dental students stating increased intentions to working in a rural location. However, there was a lack of evidence and research into whether these rural intentions result in positive action to take up employment in a rural location. The evidence suggests that well-prepared rural clinical placements, which have experienced clinical supervisors, good professional student support from the dental school, provide a valuable clinical experience and are sufficiently funded, can increase intentions to work in a rural location upon graduation. However, there is a lack of evidence in dentistry into whether intentions translate into practitioners taking clinical positions in a rural location. Future research should be planned, which will undertake longitudinal cohort studies to identify factors that have an important influence on rural job choice.
Publisher: SensePublishers
Date: 2013
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2004
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 20-02-1988
Abstract: Heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was investigated in 123 subjects with no apparent risk factor for infection other than having had heterosexual intercourse with a person who was either infected with HIV or at high risk of being infected with it. Seven subjects were found to be infected with the virus. Risk factors for transmission included being the regular sexual partner of an abuser of intravenous drugs and having a sexual relationship of more than 18 months' duration. Anal intercourse was not a risk factor in the three subjects who admitted to it. There were 41 regular partnerships with abusers of intravenous drugs in which the antibody state and history were fully known for both partners. In these partnerships male to female transmission of the virus occurred in five out of 34 (15%) and female to male in one out of seven. In 30 couples in whom one partner was known to be positive for HIV and an abuser of intravenous drugs four female partners were found to be seropositive at first testing, but there were no new positive results on subsequent serial testing. In six of these 30 couples both partners abused intravenous drugs but the partner who was negative for HIV remained so. Few of the partnerships always practised safe sexual techniques, even after a partner was known to be positive for HIV. Heterosexual transmission of HIV occurred but was incomplete and may be related to the timing of the relationship with the infection.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-07-2015
DOI: 10.1111/TCT.12440
Abstract: The development of a professional identity occurs during medical school. Formal study of students' reflections on this process may provide insight into how to better support them. A qualitative data analysis of 56 student essays was undertaken. Students' early interactions with patients seem to be influential in their process of identity development. Students were preoccupied with creating or preserving a professional persona in front of patients. They responded to this perceived challenge in three ways: some were concerned with controlling the experience and expression of emotion, others felt that they failed to be authentic, and the third group focused on the patient's experience of the interaction and agonised over what the patients might want. This article adds to the literature by highlighting the struggles medical students encounter trying to behave and feel the way they think they ought. Students may be less troubled and participate more naturally in empathic communication if they learn to access authentic emotions in their interactions with patients. This article discusses strategies for medical faculties and clinical tutors to support and encourage them to do so. Students' early interactions with patients seem to be influential in their process of identity development.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2009
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-08-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-11-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJGO.2008.10.008
Abstract: To develop, implement, and evaluate an evidence-based multidisciplinary teaching program to improve maternal and infant health in remote Vietnam. Needs assessments identified prevention of infection, neonatal resuscitation, and prevention of postpartum hemorrhage as primary targets. A 3-day workshop based on the small group, interactive, skills-based SCORPIO method was developed. Participants underwent formative written and performance-based assessments. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of course content and teaching method was conducted. Two annual workshops were conducted for 58 health professionals, all of whom demonstrated skills acquisition to an adequate standard on completion. The workshops were rated as good or excellent overall by 100% of the participants, who reported that the content would help with their clinical work and that the teaching method was acceptable and easy to understand. We demonstrated the SCORPIO method can be adapted to teach knowledge and clinical skills in remote Vietnam. Further work is needed to demonstrate an effect on health outcomes.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2019
DOI: 10.1111/EJE.12450
Abstract: The challenges in the recruitment and retention of dentists in rural Australia have contributed to a lack of dental service provision to rural communities. This paper explores the workforce factors involved in the employment location decisions of dentists' post-graduation. Graduates between 2009 and 2013 from the University of Sydney, Dental School, were asked to complete a telephone interview related to their employment history. A total of 135 interviews were conducted, with 63% (135/214) of contactable graduates, or 33.4% (135/404) of all the graduates (2009-2013). Interviews followed a semi-structured script. Key factors which positively impacted on rural employment included the following: job competition in metropolitan areas, good rural salaries, financial incentives, clinical experience, rural lifestyle and professional mentorship. Barriers were as follows: proximity to friends and family, building a social and professional network, isolation, less professional support and reduced access to education. Recommendations to increase rural employment include: competitive rural salaries, financial incentives and formal mentorship during both recruitment and integration into a rural community. Dental schools should consider advertising identified drivers of rural employment, namely good salaries, full-time employment, clinical experience and rural lifestyle. This study provides important information related to rural employment and rural retention.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-10-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-07-2019
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 06-2023
End Date: 06-2026
Amount: $159,067.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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