Dayong Jin

Rapid detection of rare-event cell by SUPER Dots based diagnostics nano-platform

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.JCONREL.2015.05.015

“Perspective” – A new approach to serve our Light community

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 14-11-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41377-018-0085-Y

Bacterial SOS-independent Superfast Evolution of Multi-Drug Resistance

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 29-03-2022

DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.29.486198

Abstract: Antibiotic resistance has been a global threat to public health. Majority of antibiotics kill bacteria by inducing the DNA damage. However, bacteria can repair DNA damage via a series of intrinsic pathways including the SOS response. The master regulator of the SOS response is RecA, which was shown to be involved in an enhanced evolution of resistance to fluoroquinolone. Until very recently, the relationship between the evolution of β-lactam resistance and the SOS response remains undefined. Here, we find a superfast evolution of β-lactam resistance (20-fold MIC) following the deletion of RecA in Escherichia coli and treatment with a single dose of β-lactams in 8 hours. Importantly, once this type of resistance being established, it was stable and heritable. Controversially to previous findings, our results indicate this process is completely orthogonal to the SOS response but dependent on the hindrance of DNA repair. In addition, we observe explosive appearance of drug-specific mutations of the bacterial genome in 8 hours of exposure to icillin, such as the acrB mutations which is responsible for multi-drug resistance. Together, these findings demonstrate that hindrance of DNA repair not only generally antagonizes cells fitness, but also provides bacteria with genetic plasticity to adapt to erse stressful environments and can dramatically accelerates the evolution of antibiotic resistance in DNA repair deficiency cells. The evolution of antibiotic resistance can be induced by long-term exposure to antibiotics. However, we for the first time report a superfast evolution of multi-drug resistance induced by a single treatment with β-lactam in DNA repair deficiency Escherichia coli . More importantly, this type of evolutionary trajectory can cause a more rapid spread of drug-resistant bacteria in the community, because once the resistance being established, it was stable and heritable. In addition, from a clinical perspective, our finding significantly highlights the possibility that the synergistic drug combination between β-lactam and inhibitors targeting DNA repair system especially in the patients with cancer treatment can lead to a superfast evolution of multi-drug resistance.

Induction of Bacteriophage PinR Facilitates the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 29-03-2022

DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.29.486199

Abstract: A recent work reports that the single treatment of β-lactams can cause a SOS-independent superfast evolution of multi-drug resistance in the DNA repair deficiency Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), but the mechanism is not yet clear. Here, we find that the induction of PinR, a lambdoid prophage Rac, is involved in this process and facilitates the evolution of antibiotic resistance in DNA repair deficiency bacteria through the repression on the transcription of antioxidative genes and the thereafter ROS burst in cells. It is highlighted that the bacteriophage PinR can orchestrate the mutagenesis induced by the overaccumulation of ROS in cells. More importantly, we for the first time demonstrate that the deletion of pinR can avoid the rapid evolution of antibiotic resistance induced by either the single or long-term exposure to antibiotics, while strategies to target RecA, e . g ., the inactivation on RecA, can be safely implemented to disarm the bacterial resistance to other antibiotics. Therefore, from a drug development perspective, our work suggests future studies on the “evolutionary potentiators” towards a safe and more effective strategy to be developed for infectious disease treatment.

Real-Time Monitoring of Doxorubicin Release from Hybrid Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Structures

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 24-11-2021

DOI: 10.3390/S21237819

Abstract: This work demonstrates an advanced approach to fabricate Hybrid nanoporous anodic alumina gradient-index filters (Hy-NAA-GIFs) through a heterogeneous anodization process combining sinusoidal current-density anodization and constant potential anodization. As a result, the hybrid structure obtained reveals a single photonic stopband (PSB), which falls within the absorption region of the drug molecule and the intensity of the spectrum that are far from such absorption range. The prepared structures were loaded with the doxorubicin (DOX) drug through the drop-casting method, which allows for evaluating the maximum reflectance of the relative height of the PSB with the average reflectance of the spectrum intensity. Thereafter, this property has been applied in a flow cell setup connected to a reflectance spectrophotometer where different drug-loaded s les were placed to study the behavior and kinetics of the drug release in real-time by varying two parameters, i.e., different pore length and flow rates. As such, obtained results were analyzed with a model that includes a sum of two inverted exponential decay functions with two different characteristic time releases. Overall, this study opens up several possibilities for the Hy-NAA-GIFs to study the drug kinetics from nanoporous structures.

Ultra‐Fast Wetting of the Fresh Popcorn

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 15-01-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202213036

Abstract: Without chewing, the fresh popcorn dissolves immediately upon being put in the mouth. Such good taste decay dramatically with increasing the exposure time in air, especially in humid air. However, the involving mechanism of the saliva wetting the popcorn remains unclear. Here, it is revealed that the ultra‐fast wetting property of the fresh popcorn is the key for its good taste. For the fresh popcorn, the unique 3D throughout micro‐porous structure facilitates capillary flows both in‐plane and off‐plane at micro‐/nano‐ scale, and the water‐soluble crystalized starch further prompts the water spreading, which cooperatively leads to an immediate structural collapse. The unique ultra‐fast wetting of the fresh popcorn is therefore featured as the wetting with dissolving. After cooling down, the crystalized starch changes gradually into an insoluble amorphous state by absorbing water molecule, as is confirmed by the in situ XRD and infrared spectroscopy. As a result, the ultra‐fast wetting decays drastically with prolonging the in‐air exposure time, as well as the taste, which makes immediate cooking vital for the good taste. It is demonstrated that heating can partially restore the ultra‐fast wetting. It is envisioned that the result will inspire the innovative micro‐fabrication of various starch food by engineering the starch crystalline structure.

Single-particle photoacoustic vibrational spectroscopy using optical microresonators

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 31-07-2023

DOI: 10.1038/S41566-023-01264-3

Exonuclease III-Assisted Upconversion Resonance Energy Transfer in a Wash-Free Suspension DNA Assay

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 19-12-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.7B04240

Abstract: Sensitivity is the key in optical detection of low-abundant analytes, such as circulating RNA or DNA. The enzyme Exonuclease III (Exo III) is a useful tool in this regard its ability to recycle target DNA molecules results in markedly improved detection sensitivity. Lower limits of detection may be further achieved if the detection background of autofluorescence can be removed. Here we report an ultrasensitive and specific method to quantify trace amounts of DNA analytes in a wash-free suspension assay. In the presence of target DNA, the Exo III recycles the target DNA by selectively digesting the dye-tagged sequence-matched probe DNA strand only, so that the amount of free dye removed from the probe DNA is proportional to the number of target DNAs. Remaining intact probe DNAs are then bound onto upconversion nanoparticles (energy donor), which allows for upconversion luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) that can be used to quantify the difference between the free dye and tagged dye (energy acceptor). This scheme simply avoids both autofluorescence under infrared excitation and many tedious washing steps, as the free dye molecules are physically located away from the nanoparticle surface, and as such they remain "dark" in suspension. Compared to alternative approaches requiring enzyme-assisted lification on the nanoparticle surface, introduction of probe DNAs onto nanoparticles only after DNA hybridization and signal lification steps effectively avoids steric hindrance. Via this approach, we have achieved a detection limit of 15 pM in LRET assays of human immunodeficiency viral DNA.

Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis CAB109 on the growth, development, and generation mortality of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidea)

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 22-02-2018

DOI: 10.1186/S41938-017-0023-Y

Survival analysis of pancreatic and periampullary collision cancers

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 21-07-2010

DOI: 10.1111/J.1751-2980.2010.00443.X

Abstract: Collision cancers are malignancies in the same organ or anatomical site that comprises at least two different tumor components, with no mixed or transitional area between two components. Collision cancers are very rare in the pancreas and peri ullary region. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and pathological features and prognosis of collision cancer in the pancreas and peri ullary region. Patients with collision cancers of the pancreas and peri ullary region (n= 10) who had undergone radical surgery were retrospectively studied. Their clinical and pathological features were summarized and the prognostic data were compared with patients with pancreatic adenocarcinomas who underwent radical surgery (n= 87) and with patients with pancreatic or peri ullary malignancies who underwent palliative surgery (n= 89). Compared with other cancers at these sites, collision cancer presents no specific clinical features. However, the median survival period of patients with such malignancies was only 10.0 months, which was much less than those with pancreatic adenocarcinomas who underwent radical surgery (27.0 months) and those who received a palliative operation (20.9 months) only. Collision cancers of the pancreas and peri ullary region are difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Their prognosis is poor even after radical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy were given.

Time-gated real-time bioimaging system using multicolor microsecond-lifetime silica nanoparticles

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 11-02-2010

DOI: 10.1117/12.841569

Heterostructures with Built‐in Electric Fields for Long‐lasting Chemodynamic Therapy

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-03-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ANIE.202300356

Abstract: Sustained signal activation by hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) has great significance, especially for tumor treatment, but remains challenging. Here, a built‐in electric field (BIEF)‐driven strategy was proposed for sustainable generation of ⋅OH, thereby achieving long‐lasting chemodynamic therapy (LCDT). As a proof of concept, a novel Janus‐like Fe@Fe 3 O 4 −Cu 2 O heterogeneous catalyst was designed and synthesized, in which the BIEF induced the transfer of electrons in the Fe core to the surface, reducing ≡Cu 2+ to ≡Cu + , thus achieving continuous Fenton‐like reactions and ⋅OH release for over 18 h, which is approximately 12 times longer than that of Fe 3 O 4 −Cu 2 O and 72 times longer than that of Cu 2 O nanoparticles. In vitro and in vivo antitumor results indicated that sustained ⋅OH levels led to persistent extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signal activation and irreparable oxidative damage to tumor cells, which promoted irreversible tumor apoptosis. Importantly, this strategy provides ideas for developing long‐acting nanoplatforms for various applications.

Bispecific Antibody-Functionalized Upconversion Nanoprobe

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 14-02-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.7B05341

Abstract: Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are new optical probes for biological applications. For specific biomolecular recognition to be realized for diagnosis and imaging, the key lies in developing a stable and easy-to-use bioconjugation method for antibody modification. Current methods are not yet satisfactory regarding conjugation time, stability, and binding efficiency. Here, we report a facile and high-yield approach based on a bispecific antibody (BsAb) free of chemical reaction steps. One end of the BsAb is designed to recognize methoxy polyethylene glycol-coated UCNPs, and the other end of the BsAb is designed to recognize the cancer antigen biomarker. Through simple vortexing, BsAb-UCNP nanoprobes form within 30 min and show higher (up to 54%) association to the target than that of the traditional UCNP nanoprobes in the ELISA-like assay. We further demonstrate its successful binding to the cancer cells with high efficiency and specificity for background-free fluorescence imaging under near-infrared excitation. This method suggests a general approach broadly suitable for functionalizing a range of nanoparticles to specifically target biomolecules.

An analysis of clinico-pathologic features of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 02-2007

DOI: 10.1007/S11684-007-0032-4

Abstract: The natural history and clinical manifestation of resected intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas were elucidated, and based on this, a retrospective pancreatic database was reviewed to identify patients with IPMN who were surgically managed in our department from 1999 to June 2006. Pathologic rereview of each case was performed, and the clinico-pathologic features were examined. Student's T test and χ(2) analysis were used to identify factors associated with malignancy. Fifty-one patients were identified. There were 33 males and 18 females. One patient's pancreas was unresectable, two patients underwent a total pancreatectomy, 42 patients had a pancreatecoduodenectomy and five patients had distal pancreatectomy. Main-duct type carcinoma was identified in 24 patients branch-duct type in 15 patients, and mixed type in 12 patients. Invasive carcinoma was present in 35 patients. Weight loss and jaundice occurred more commonly in the invasive group. The average serum CA19-9 level was significantly higher in the invasive group (1542μ vs 94.5μ). The average diameter of the pancreatic duct was also wider in the invasive group (8.7 mm vs 4.3 mm). Significant predictors of malignant IPMNs included weight loss, jaundice, a high level of serum CA19-9, a large pancreatic duct and main-duct type carcinoma.

Upconversion Nanocrystal‐Doped Glass: A New Paradigm for Photonic Materials

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 30-05-2016

DOI: 10.1002/ADOM.201600296

GFAT1 is highly expressed in cancer stem cells of pancreatic cancer.

Publisher: AME Publishing Company

Date: 05-2022

DOI: 10.21037/ATM-22-1946

Emerging technologies for profiling extracellular vesicle heterogeneity

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.1039/D0LC00431F

Abstract: Approaches, challenges and promising opportunities towards decoding the complexity of extracellular vesicle heterogeneity are discussed.

A novel recombinant tandem repeat DNA vaccine targeting at MUC1

Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Date: 20-05-2009

DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2009.27.15_SUPPL.3066

Abstract: 3066 Background: Tandem repeat (TR) is the key epitope of mucin 1 (MUC1) for inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to kill the tumor cells specifically. A novel recombinant TR DNA vaccine was constructed to study its induced immune responses. Methods: A recombinant human TR (rhTR) gene encoding a single TR polypeptide of MUC1 was synthesized and cloned into the multiple cloning sites of plasmid pcDNA3.1/Myc-his (+) A to construct the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-TR/Myc-his (+) A (pTR plasmid). Expression of pTR plasmid was confirmed by transfection assay and Western blot analysis. C57BL/6 (H-2 b ) mice were immunized with pTR plasmid (n=15) by tibial muscle injection. Mice inoculated with the empty vector (EV group, n=15) and 0.9% NaCl solution (NS group, n=15) were used as vector and blank control respectively. Four weeks later, all mice were immunized again. Specific antibody detection and cytotoxic assay were used to evaluate the vaccine-induced TR specific immune responses. Results: DNA sequencing confirmed that the pTR plasmid was exactly constructed. Transfection assay and Western blot analysis found that the transfected COS7 cells expressed TR polypeptide of MUC1 48 hours after transfection. Cytotoxic assay showed that immunization with pTR plasmid into C57BL/6 mice resulted in more efficient induction of CTL specific cytolysis against TR polypeptide than that of EV group and NS group (p .01). Vaccine immunized mice had a higher equivalent concentration of anti-TR specific antibodies (2324μg/ml±238μg/ml) than that of EV group (1896μg/ml±533μg/ml, p .01) and NS group (1736μg/ml±142μg/ml, p .01). Conclusions: The novel recombinant TR DNA vaccine targeting at MUC1 was exactly constructed, immunization with which could induce TR specific CTL response and antibodies response in mice. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Dark bridge at the interface of hybrid nanosystem: Lanthanide-triplet NIR photosensitization

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMPR.2021.05.006

Polarization modulation with optical lock-in detection reveals universal fluorescence anisotropy of subcellular structures in live cells

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.1038/S41377-021-00689-1

Abstract: The orientation of fluorophores can reveal crucial information about the structure and dynamics of their associated subcellular organelles. Despite significant progress in super-resolution, fluorescence polarization microscopy remains limited to unique s les with relatively strong polarization modulation and not applicable to the weak polarization signals in s les due to the excessive background noise. Here we apply optical lock-in detection to lify the weak polarization modulation with super-resolution. This novel technique, termed optical lock-in detection super-resolution dipole orientation mapping (OLID-SDOM), could achieve a maximum of 100 frames per second and rapid extraction of 2D orientation, and distinguish distance up to 50 nm, making it suitable for monitoring structural dynamics concerning orientation changes in vivo. OLID-SDOM was employed to explore the universal anisotropy of a large variety of GFP-tagged subcellular organelles, including mitochondria, lysosome, Golgi, endosome, etc. We found that OUF (Orientation Uniformity Factor) of OLID-SDOM can be specific for different subcellular organelles, indicating that the anisotropy was related to the function of the organelles, and OUF can potentially be an indicator to distinguish normal and abnormal cells (even cancer cells). Furthermore, dual-color super-resolution OLID-SDOM imaging of lysosomes and actins demonstrates its potential in studying dynamic molecular interactions. The subtle anisotropy changes of expanding and shrinking dendritic spines in live neurons were observed with real-time OLID-SDOM. Revealing previously unobservable fluorescence anisotropy in various s les and indicating their underlying dynamic molecular structural changes, OLID-SDOM expands the toolkit for live cell research.

Developing novel methods to image and visualize 3D genomes

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 26-03-2018

DOI: 10.1007/S10565-018-9427-Z

Single-particle spectroscopy for functional nanomaterials

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 04-03-2020

DOI: 10.1038/S41586-020-2048-8

Background-free cytometry using rare earth complex bioprobes

Publisher: Elsevier

Date: 2011

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374912-3.00019-5

Photoluminescent and electrochemiluminescent dual-signaling probe for bio-thiols based on a ruthenium(II) complex

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-2012

DOI: 10.1016/J.ACA.2012.06.028

Abstract: Photoluminescence (PL) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection techniques are highly sensitive and widely used methods for clinical diagnostics and analytical biotechnology. In this work, a unique ruthenium(II) complex, [Ru(bpy)(2)(DNBSO-bpy)](PF(6))(2) (bpy: 2,2'-bipyridine DNBSO-bpy: 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonate of 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine), has been designed and synthesized as a highly sensitive and selective PL and ECL dual-signaling probe for the recognition and detection of bio-thiols in aqueous media. As a thiol-responsive probe, the complex can specifically and rapidly react with bio-thiols in aqueous solutions to yield a bipyridine-Ru(II) complex derivative, [Ru(bpy)(2)(HP-bpy)](2+) (HP-bpy: 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine), accompanied by the remarkable PL and ECL enhancements. The complex was used as a probe for the PL and ECL detections of cysteine (Cys) and glutathione (GSH) in aqueous solutions. The dose-dependent PL and ECL enhancements showed good linear relationships against the Cys/GSH concentrations with the detection limits at nano-molar concentration level. Moreover, the complex-loaded HeLa cells were prepared for PL imaging of the endogenous intracellular thiols. The results demonstrated the practical utility of the complex as a cell-membrane permeable probe for PL imaging detection of bio-thiols in living cells.

AB069. P041. A nomogram based on postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte rate and TNM stage to predict the prognostic value in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with open distal pancreatosplenectomy

Publisher: AME Publishing Company

Date: 04-2018

DOI: 10.21037/APC.2018.AB069

Nanomaterials augmented LDI-TOF-MS for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma diagnosis and classification.

Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Date: 20-05-2020

DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2020.38.15_SUPPL.E16761

Abstract: e16761 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one type of cancer with poor prognosis. Although CA 19-9 was the most common serological marker for cancer screening and surveillance after treatment, there are still unignorable limitations, including low sensitivity, possible false-negatives ositives owing to confounding conditions. Reliable non-invasive diagnostics is in urgent need. As PAAD is increasingly considered as a metabolic disorder, serum metabolite profiling is becoming critical to reveal important cancer-related bioinformation. This work proposes a novel LDI-TOF-MS technique for PAAD screening and diagnosis. Methods: An LDI-TOF-MS platform was established for cancer screening. All mass spectrum was collected within a mass range of 100 to 1,100 Da, while the spectra were manually examined using the FlexAnalysis 3.4 software (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Germany). In a typical process, 0.5 uL of serum s les were spotted on a polished steel target plate MTP 384 and air-dried followed by another 1 uL of GNS or SiNW nanomaterials. The spectra were then acquired in the reflection positive mode with smartbeam-II laser at 355 nm with laser frequency of 1,000 Hz. A random walk of 25 shots at raster spot and 20 different spots were measured for each in idual s le, therefore, 500 satisfactory shots were obtained. Results: By taking advantage of 3D nanostructures and machine learning, we applied proposed approach to 94 patients with PAAD, as well as 203 healthy controls (Table). The results demonstrated an average sensitivity of 99% and a specificity over 98% in detecting cancers. 11 of 94 PAAD patients (11.70%) were CA 19-9 negative (CA19-9 37U/ml, stage I n = 2, stage II n = 7, stage III n = 1 and stage IV n = 1). LDI-TOF-MS recognized almost all CA 19-9-negative PAAD. The sensitivity and specificity were obviously superior to CA 19-9 in PAAD: only 1 of 94 PAAD (1.06%) were misclassified as healthy controls. In contrast, CA19-9 positive and CA 19-9 negative PAADs were not readily distinguished by this method. Therefore, this method was independent of tumor markers. Conclusions: Result suggested strong potential of proposed technique as a low-cost, superior precision, and high-throughput procedure for PAAD diagnosis and beyond. [Table: see text]

High-throughput barcoding method for the genetic surveillance of insecticide resistance and species identification in Anopheles gambiae complex malaria vectors

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 16-08-2022

DOI: 10.1038/S41598-022-17822-8

Abstract: Surveillance of malaria vector species and the monitoring of insecticide resistance are essential to inform malaria control strategies and support the reduction of infections and disease. Genetic barcoding of mosquitoes is a useful tool to assist the high-throughput surveillance of insecticide resistance, discriminate between sibling species and to detect the presence of Plasmodium infections. In this study, we combined multiplex PCR, custom designed dual indexing, and Illumina next generation sequencing for high throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-profiling of four species from the Anopheles (An.) gambiae complex ( An. gambiae sensu stricto, An. coluzzii, An. arabiensis and An. melas ). By lifying and sequencing only 14 genetic fragments (500 bp each), we were able to simultaneously detect Plasmodium infection insecticide resistance-conferring SNPs in ace1 , gste 2, vgsc and rdl genes the partial sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and intergenic spacers (IGS), Short INterspersed Elements (SINE), as well as mitochondrial genes ( cox1 and nd4 ) for species identification and genetic ersity. Using this licon sequencing approach with the four selected An. gambiae complex species, we identified a total of 15 non-synonymous mutations in the insecticide target genes, including previously described mutations associated with resistance and two new mutations (F1525L in vgsc and D148E in gste2 ). Overall, we present a reliable and cost-effective high-throughput panel for surveillance of An. gambiae complex mosquitoes in malaria endemic regions.

Polydopamine-coated gold nanostars for CT imaging and enhanced photothermal therapy of tumors

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 09-12-2016

DOI: 10.1117/12.2245310

A passivity approach in port-Hamiltonian form for formation control and velocity tracking

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 12-07-2022

DOI: 10.23919/ECC55457.2022.9838171

Systematic Investigation of Functional Ligands for Colloidal Stable Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 14-12-2017

DOI: 10.26434/CHEMRXIV.5701156.V1

Abstract: Despite intense efforts on surface functionalization to generate hydrophilic upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), long-term colloidal stability in physiological buffers remains a major concern. Here we quantitatively investigate the competitive adsorption of phosphate, carboxylic acid and sulphonic acid onto the surface of UCNPs and study their binding strength to identify the best conjugation strategy. To achieve this, we designed and synthesized three di-block copolymers composed of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate and a polymer block bearing phosphate, carboxylic or sulphonic acid anchoring groups prepared by an advanced polymerization technique, Reversible Addition Fragmentation Chain Transfer (RAFT). Analytical tools provide the evidence that phosphate ligands completely replaced all the oleic acid capping molecules on the surface of the UCNPs compared with incomplete ligand exchange by carboxylic and sulphonic acid groups. In the meanwhile, simulated quantitative adsorption energy measurements confirmed that among three functional groups, calculated adsorption strength for phosphate anchoring ligands is higher which is in good agreement with experimental results regarding the best colloidal stability especially in phosphate buffer solution. The finding suggests that polymers with multiple anchoring negatively charged phosphate moieties provide excellent colloidal stability for lanthanide ion-doped luminescent nanoparticles for various potential applications.

Low-Temperature-Induced Controllable Transversal Shell Growth of NaLnF4 Nanocrystals

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 08-03-2021

DOI: 10.3390/NANO11030654

Abstract: Highly controllable anisotropic shell growth is essential for further engineering the function and properties of lanthanide-doped luminescence nanocrystals, especially in some of the advanced applications such as multi-mode bioimaging, security coding and three-dimensional (3D) display. However, the understanding of the transversal shell growth mechanism is still limited today, because the shell growth direction is impacted by multiple complex factors, such as the anisotropy of surface ligand-binding energy, anisotropic core–shell lattice mismatch, the size of cores and varied shell crystalline stability. Herein, we report a highly controlled transversal shell growth method for hexagonal sodium rare-earth tetrafluoride (β-NaLnF4) nanocrystals. Exploiting the relationship between reaction temperature and shell growth direction, we found that the shell growth direction could be tuned from longitudinal to transversal by decreasing the reaction temperature from 310 °C to 280 °C. In addition to the reaction temperature, we also discussed the roles of other factors in the transversal shell growth of nanocrystals. A suitable core size and a relative lower shell precursor concentration could promote transversal shell growth, although different shell hosts played a minor role in changing the shell growth direction.

High-contrast detection of target organisms in highly autofluorescent backgrounds using time-resolved techniques

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 2005

DOI: 10.1109/LEOS.2005.1547927

Investigation of UV LED luminescence properties for time-resolved fluorescence biomedical applications

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 2005

DOI: 10.1109/LEOS.2005.1547928

Ratiometric 4Pi single-molecule localization with optimal resolution and color assignment

Publisher: Optica Publishing Group

Date: 07-01-2022

DOI: 10.1364/OL.446987

Abstract: 4Pi single-molecule localization microscopy (4Pi-SMLM) with two opposing objectives achieves sub-10 nm isotropic 3D resolution when as few as 250 photons are collected by each objective. Here, we develop a new ratiometric multi-color imaging strategy for 4Pi-SMLM that employs the intrinsic multi-phase interference intensity without increasing the complexity of the system and achieves both optimal 3D resolution and color separation. By partially linking the photon parameters between channels with an interference difference of π during global fitting of the multi-channel 4Pi single-molecule data, we show via simulated data that the loss of localization precision is minimal compared with the theoretical minimum uncertainty, the Cramer–Rao lower bound.

Extracting tumour prognostic factors from a diverse electronic record dataset in genito-urinary oncology

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.IJMEDINF.2018.10.008

Abstract: To implement a system for unsupervised extraction of tumor stage and prognostic data in patients with genitourinary cancers using clinicopathological and radiology text. A corpus of 1054 electronic notes (clinician notes, radiology reports and pathology reports) was annotated for tumor stage, prostate specific antigen (PSA) and Gleason grade. Annotations from five clinicians were reconciled to form a gold standard dataset. A training dataset of 386 documents was sequestered. The Medtex algorithm was adapted using the training dataset. Adapted Medtex equaled or exceeded human performance in most annotations, except for implicit M stage (F-measure of 0.69 vs 0.84) and PSA (0.92 vs 0.96). Overall Medtex performed with an F-measure of 0.86 compared to human annotations of 0.92. There was significant inter-observer variability when comparing human annotators to the gold standard. The Medtex algorithm performed similarly to human annotators for extracting stage and prognostic data from varied clinical texts.

Ultrabright Eu-Doped Plasmonic Ag@SiO2 Nanostructures

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-09-2011

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.201102027

Cytometric investigation of rare-events featuring time-gated detection and high-speed stage scanning

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 08-2011

DOI: 10.1109/IQEC-CLEO.2011.6194068

High-Contrast Luminescent Immunohistochemistry Using PEGylated Lanthanide Complexes

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-12-2022

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.2C04058

A cost-effective analog method to produce time-gated luminescence images

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 09-02-2012

DOI: 10.1117/12.911853

Super-resolution fluorescence polarization microscopy

Publisher: World Scientific Pub Co Pte Ltd

Date: 20-11-2017

DOI: 10.1142/S1793545817300026

Abstract: Fluorescence polarization is related to the dipole orientation of chromophores, making fluorescence polarization microscopy possible to reveal structures and functions of tagged cellular organelles and biological macromolecules. Several recent super resolution techniques have been applied to fluorescence polarization microscopy, achieving dipole measurement at nanoscale. In this review, we summarize both diffraction limited and super resolution fluorescence polarization microscopy techniques, as well as their applications in biological imaging.

Structured illumination microscopy using digital micromirror device and coherent light source

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 10-10-2020

DOI: 10.1117/12.2575154

New Class of Tetradentate beta-Diketonate-Europium Complexes That Can Be Covalently Bound to Proteins for Time-Gated Fluorometric Application

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 08-06-2012

DOI: 10.1021/BC300075T

Abstract: Luminescent lanthanide complexes that can be covalently bound to proteins have shown great utility as biolabels for highly sensitive time-gated luminescence bioassays in clinical diagnostics and biotechnology discoveries. In this work, three new tetradentate β-diketonate-europium complexes that can be covalently bound to proteins to display strong and long-lived Eu(3+) luminescence, 1,2-bis[4'-(1",1",1",2",2",3",3"-heptafluoro-4",6"-hexanedion-6"-yl)-benzyl]-4-chlorosulfobenzene-Eu(3+) (BHHBCB-Eu(3+)), 1,2-bis[4'-(1",1",1",2",2"-pentafluoro-3",5"-pentanedion-5"-yl)-benzyl]-4-chlorosulfobenzene-Eu(3+) (BPPBCB-Eu(3+)), and 1,2-bis[4'-(1",1",1"-trifluoro-2",4"-butanedion-4"-yl)-benzyl]-4-chlorosulfobenzene-Eu(3+) (BTBBCB-Eu(3+)), have been designed and synthesized as biolabels for time-gated luminescence bioassay applications. The luminescence spectroscopy characterizations of the aqueous solutions of three complex-bound bovine serum albumin reveal that BHHBCB-Eu(3+) has the strongest luminescence with the largest quantum yield (40%) and longest luminescence lifetime (0.52 ms) among the complexes, which is superior to the other currently available europium biolabels. The BHHBCB-Eu(3+)-labeled streptavidin was prepared and used for both the time-gated luminescence immunoassay of human prostate specific antigen and the time-gated luminescence microscopy imaging of a pathogenic microorganism Cryptosporidium muris . The results demonstrated the practical utility of the new Eu(3+) complex-based biolabel for time-gated luminescence bioassay applications.

Advances in highly doped upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 20-06-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-018-04813-5

Abstract: Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are capable of converting near-infra-red excitation into visible and ultraviolet emission. Their unique optical properties have advanced a broad range of applications, such as fluorescent microscopy, deep-tissue bioimaging, nanomedicine, optogenetics, security labelling and volumetric display. However, the constraint of concentration quenching on upconversion luminescence has h ered the nanoscience community to develop bright UCNPs with a large number of dopants. This review surveys recent advances in developing highly doped UCNPs, highlights the strategies that bypass the concentration quenching effect, and discusses new optical properties as well as emerging applications enabled by these nanoparticles.

A Portable RT-LAMP/CRISPR Machine for Rapid COVID-19 Screening

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 02-10-2021

DOI: 10.3390/BIOS11100369

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed people’s lives and has brought society to a sudden standstill, with lockdowns and social distancing as the preferred preventative measures. To lift these measurements and reduce society’s burden, developing an easy-to-use, rapid, and portable system to detect SARS-CoV-2 is mandatory. To this end, we developed a portable and semi-automated device for SARS-CoV-2 detection based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal lification followed by a CRISPR/Cas12a reaction. The device contains a heater element mounted on a printed circuit board, a cooler fan, a proportional integral derivative controller to control the temperature, and designated areas for 0.2 mL Eppendorf® PCR tubes. Our system has a limit of detection of 35 copies of the virus per microliter, which is significant and has the capability of being used in crisis centers, mobile laboratories, remote locations, or airports to diagnose in iduals infected with SARS-CoV-2. We believe the current methodology that we have implemented in this article is beneficial for the early screening of infectious diseases, in which fast screening with high accuracy is necessary.

Tn5-FISH, a novel cytogenetic method to image chromatin interactions with sub-kilobase resolution

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.JGG.2020.04.008

Viral inactivation by light

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 26-09-2022

DOI: 10.1186/S43593-022-00029-9

Abstract: Nowadays, viral infections are one of the greatest challenges for medical sciences and human society. While antiviral compounds and chemical inactivation remain inadequate, physical approaches based on irradiation provide new potentials for prevention and treatment of viral infections, without the risk of drug resistance and other unwanted side effects. Light across the electromagnetic spectrum can inactivate the virions using ionizing and non-ionizing radiations. This review highlights the anti-viral utility of radiant methods from the aspects of ionizing radiation, including high energy ultraviolet, gamma ray, X-ray, and neutron, and non-ionizing photo-inactivation, including lasers and blue light.

Recent advances in near-infrared emitting lanthanide-doped nanoconstructs: Mechanism, design and application for bioimaging

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.CCR.2018.11.014

Allogenic Stem Cells Carried by Porous Silicon Scaffolds for Active Bone Regeneration In Vivo

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 19-07-2023

DOI: 10.3390/BIOENGINEERING10070852

Abstract: To date, bone regeneration techniques use many biomaterials for bone grafting with limited efficiencies. For this purpose, tissue engineering combining biomaterials and stem cells is an important avenue of development to improve bone regeneration. Among potentially usable non-toxic and bioresorbable scaffolds, porous silicon (pSi) is an interesting biomaterial for bone engineering. The possibility of modifying its surface can allow a better cellular adhesion as well as a control of its rate of resorption. Moreover, release of silicic acid upon resorption of its nanostructure has been previously proved to enhance stem cell osteodifferentiation by inducing calcium phosphate formation. In the present study, we used a rat tail model to experiment bone tissue engineering with a critical size defect. Two groups with five rats per group of male Wistar rats were used. In each rat, four vertebrae were used for biomaterial implantation. Randomized bone defects were filled with pSi particles alone or pSi particles carrying dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). Regeneration was evaluated in comparison to empty defect and defects filled with xenogenic bone substitute (Bio-Oss®). Fluorescence microscopy and SEM evaluations showed adhesion of DPSCs on pSi particles with cells exhibiting distribution throughout the biomaterial. Histological analyzes revealed the formation of a collagen network when the defects were filled with pSi, unlike the positive control using Bio-Oss®. Overall bone formation was objectivated with µCT analysis and showed a higher bone mineral density with pSi particles combining DPSC. Immunohistochemical assays confirmed the increased expression of bone markers (osteocalcin) when pSi particles carried DPSC. Surprisingly, no grafted cells remained in the regenerated area after one month of healing, even though the grafting of DPSC clearly increased bone regeneration for both bone marker expression and overall bone formation objectivated with µCT. In conclusion, our results show that the association of pSi with DPSCs in vivo leads to greater bone formation, compared to a pSi graft without DPSCs. Our results highlight the paracrine role of grafted stem cells by recruitment and stimulation of endogenous cells.

CTGF is overexpressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma and promotes the growth of papillary thyroid cancer cells.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 20-04-2011

DOI: 10.1007/S13277-011-0173-6

Abstract: Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF or CCN2), which belongs to the CCN family, is a secreted protein. It has been implicated in various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis. In this study, we found that CTGF expression level was elevated in primary papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) s les and correlated with clinical features, such as metastasis, tumor size, and clinical stage. Overexpression of CTGF in PTC cells accelerated their growth in liquid culture and soft agar as well as protecting PTC cells from apoptosis induced by IFN-gamma treatment. Downregulation of CTGF in PTC cells inhibits cell growth in liquid culture and soft agar and induces the activation of caspase pathway and sensitized PTC cells to apoptosis. Our data suggest that CTGF plays an important role in PTC progression by supporting tumor cell survival and drug resistance, and CTGF may be used as a potential tumor marker for PTC diagnosis.

Enhanced Super-Resolution Imaging of Quantum Emitters in Hexagonal Boron Nitride

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 05-2019

DOI: 10.1109/ICIPRM.2019.8819170

Networking State of Ytterbium Ions Probing the Origin of Luminescence Quenching and Activation in Nanocrystals

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-01-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADVS.202003325

Abstract: At the organic–inorganic interface of nanocrystals, electron‐phonon coupling plays an important but intricate role in determining the erse properties of nanomaterials. Here, it is reported that highly doping of Yb 3+ ions within the nanocrystal host can form an energy‐migration network. The networking state Yb 3+ shows both distinct Stark splitting peak ratios and lifetime dynamics, which allows quantitative investigations of quenching and thermal activation of luminescence, as the high‐dimensional spectroscopy signatures can be correlated to the attaching and de‐attaching status of surface molecules. By in‐situ surface characterizations, it is proved that the Yb‐O coordination associated with coordinated water molecules has significantly contributed to this reversible effect. Moreover, using this approach, the prime quencher OH can be switched to CH in the wet‐chemistry annealing process, resulting in the electron‐phonon coupling probability change. This study provides the molecular level insights and dynamics of the surface dark layer of luminescent nanocrystals.

Upconversion SuperDots

Publisher: OSA

Date: 2014

DOI: 10.1364/E2.2014.ETU2A.5

Development of label-free microsphere optical resonator bio/chemical sensors

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 09-11-2005

DOI: 10.1117/12.630062

Super-resolution imaging of fluorescent dipoles via polarized structured illumination microscopy

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 16-10-2019

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-019-12681-W

Abstract: Fluorescence polarization microscopy images both the intensity and orientation of fluorescent dipoles and plays a vital role in studying molecular structures and dynamics of bio-complexes. However, current techniques remain difficult to resolve the dipole assemblies on subcellular structures and their dynamics in living cells at super-resolution level. Here we report polarized structured illumination microscopy (pSIM), which achieves super-resolution imaging of dipoles by interpreting the dipoles in spatio-angular hyperspace. We demonstrate the application of pSIM on a series of biological filamentous systems, such as cytoskeleton networks and λ-DNA, and report the dynamics of short actin sliding across a myosin-coated surface. Further, pSIM reveals the side-by-side organization of the actin ring structures in the membrane-associated periodic skeleton of hippoc al neurons and images the dipole dynamics of green fluorescent protein-labeled microtubules in live U2OS cells. pSIM applies directly to a large variety of commercial and home-built SIM systems with various imaging modality.

Quantitatively Monitoring In Situ Mitochondrial Thermal Dynamics by Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 06-02-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.0C04281

Thiolate DNAzymes on Gold Nanoparticles for Isothermal Amplification and Detection of Mesothelioma-derived Exosomal PD-L1 mRNA.

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 09-01-2023

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.2C04046

Super-resolution imaging of quantum emitters in layered materials

Publisher: arXiv

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.1709.08683

Targeted iron nanoparticles with platinum-(IV) prodrugs and anti-EZH2 siRNA show great synergy in combating drug resistance in vitro and in vivo.

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2018

DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOMATERIALS.2017.11.014

Abstract: Resistance to platinum agents is challenging in cancer treatment with platinum drugs. Such resistant cells prevent effective platinum accumulation intracellular and alter cellular adaptations to survive from cytotoxicity by regulating corresponding proteins expression. Ideal therapeutics should combine resolution to these pump and non-pump relevant resistance of cancer cells to achieve high efficacy and low side effect. Fe

Noise Learning of Instruments for High-contrast, High-resolution and Fast Hyperspectral Microscopy and Nanoscopy

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 13-01-2023

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-2399544/V1

Abstract: Raman spectroscopy provides molecular fingerprint information of materials and live-cells in a label-free way, but the intrinsic low Raman scattering efficiency makes it vulnerable to noise. There has to be a trade-off among signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), imaging speed, and spatial and spectral resolutions when Raman spectroscopy is combined with microscopy and especially nanoscopy. Here, we report a noise learning (NL) approach that can fit the intrinsic noise distribution of each instrument by statistically learning the noise in the frequency domain. The fitted noise is then removed from the noisy spectra to improve their SNR as well as the contrast of hyperspectral images. The approach enhances the SNR by ca. 10 folds on a 12,500-spectra dataset, and suppresses the mean-square error by almost 150 folds. It significantly reduces the pixel-dwell time by 10 folds for tip-enhanced Raman imaging and the impact of drift on nanoimaging, leading to ca.2-fold improvement of the spatial resolution of 2.9 nm in air that reveals atomic-scale properties of bimetallic catalysts. We further demonstrate that NL can be broadly applied to enhance SNR in fluorescence and photoluminescence imaging, which allows the reduction of laser fluence by ca. 40 folds, thereby, circumventing the photobleaching and phototoxicity problems for long-term imaging of live-cells. NL manages the ground truth spectra and the instrumental noise simultaneously within the training dataset, and thus, bypasses the tedious labelling of the huge dataset required in conventional deep learning, which shifts deep learning from s le-dependent to instrument-dependent . NL is robust for a broad range of spectroscopic techniques for biomedical, photonic, and catalytic applications.

Preselectable Optical Fingerprints of Heterogeneous Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 18-08-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.1C02404

Significant Enhancement of the Upconversion Emission in Highly Er³⁺‐Doped Nanoparticles at Cryogenic Temperatures

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 10-01-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ANGE.202217100

Abstract: Relatively low efficiency is the bottleneck for the application of lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). The high‐level doping strategy realized in recent years has not improved the efficiency as much as expected. It is argued that cross relaxation (CR) is not detrimental to upconversion. Here we combine theoretical simulation and spectroscopy to elucidate the role of CR in upconversion process of Er 3+ highly doped (HD) UCNPs. It is found that if CR is purposively suppressed, upconversion efficiency can be significantly improved. Specifically, we demonstrate experimentally that inhibition of CR by introducing cryogenic environment (40 K) enhances upconversion emission by more than two orders of magnitude. This work not only elucidates the nature of CR and its non‐negligible adverse effects, but also provides a new perspective for improving upconversion efficiency. The result can be directly applied to cryogenic imaging and wide range temperature sensing.

Triplet fusion upconversion with oxygen resistance in aqueous media

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-03-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.1C00096

Observation of mesenteric microcirculatory disturbance in rat by laser oblique scanning optical microscopy

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 03-05-2013

DOI: 10.1038/SREP01762

Urban Transport: Time for Change

Publisher: JSTOR

Date: 1994

DOI: 10.2307/20635795

Unidirectional intercellular communication on a microfluidic chip

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOS.2020.112833

Long-Lifetime Luminescent Nanobioprobes for Advanced Cytometry Biosensing

Publisher: Jenny Stanford Publishing

Date: 11-07-2011

DOI: 10.1201/B11034-12

Upconversion luminescence with tunable lifetime in NaYF₄:Yb,Er nanocrystals: role of nanocrystal size

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2013

DOI: 10.1039/C2NR32482B

Abstract: Despite recent achievements to reduce surface quenching in NaYF(4):Yb,Er nanocrystals, a complete understanding of how the nanocrystal size affects the brightness of upconversion luminescence is still incomplete. Here we investigated upconversion luminescence of Yb,Er-doped nanocrystals in a broad range of sizes from 6 nm to 45 nm (cubic or hexagonal phases), displaying an increasing red-to-green luminescence intensity ratio and reduced luminescence lifetimes with decreasing size. By analyzing the upconversion process with a set of rate equations, we found that their asymptotic analytic solutions explain lower decay rates of red compared to green upconversion luminescence. Furthermore, we quantified the effect of the surface on luminescence lifetime in a model where nanocrystal emitters are ided between the near-surface and inside regions of each nanocrystal. We clarify the influence of the four nonradiative recombination mechanisms (intrinsic phonon modes, vibration energy of surface ligands, solvent-mediated quenching, and surface defects) on the decay rates for different-size nanocrystals, and find that the defect density dominates decay rates for small (below 15 nm) nanocrystals. Our results indicate that a defect-reduction strategy is a key step in producing small upconversion nanocrystals with increased brightness for a variety of bioimaging and biosensing applications.

Assessment and management of newly diagnosed classical Hodgkin lymphoma: a consensus practice statement from the Australasian Lymphoma Alliance

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 22-11-2021

DOI: 10.1111/IMJ.15503

Abstract: The management of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) has undergone significant changes in recent years. Due to the predilection of HL to affect younger patients, balancing cure and treatment‐related morbidity is a constant source of concern for physicians and patients alike. Positron emission tomography adapted therapy has been developed for both early and advanced stage HL to try and improve the outcome of treatment, while minimising toxicities. The aim of this review is to digest the plethora of studies recently conducted and provide some clear, evidence‐based practice statements to simplify the management of HL.

Long-lived visible luminescence of UV LEDs and impact on LED excited time-resolved fluorescence applications

Publisher: IOP Publishing

Date: 20-01-2006

DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/39/3/006

Mixed acinar-endocrine carcinomas of the pancreas: Case report and literature review

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 09-07-2008

DOI: 10.1111/J.1744-1633.2008.00406.X

Enrichment of short mutant cell-free DNA fragments enhanced detection of pancreatic cancer

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 04-12-2018

DOI: 10.1101/482745

Abstract: Analysis of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is promising for broad applications in clinical settings, but with significant bias towards late-stage cancers. Although recent studies have discussed the erse and degraded nature of cfDNA molecules, little is known about its impact on the practice of cfDNA analysis. Here we reported a new targeted sequencing by combining single-strand library preparation and target capture (SLHC-seq). By applying the new technology in plasma cfDNA from pancreatic cancer patients, we achieved higher efficiency in analysis of mutations than previously reported using other detection assays. SLHC-seq rescued short or damaged cfDNA fragments along to increase the sensitivity and accuracy of circulating-tumor DNA detection. Most importantly, we found that the small mutant fragments are prevalent in early-stage patients, which provides strong evidence for fragment size-based early detection of pancreatic cancer. Collectively, the new pipeline enhanced our understanding of cfDNA biology and provide new insights for liquid biopsy.

Stable Upconversion Nanohybrid Particles for Specific Prostate Cancer Cell Immunodetection

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 22-11-2016

DOI: 10.1038/SREP37533

Abstract: Prostate cancer is one of the male killing diseases and early detection of prostate cancer is the key for better treatment and lower cost. However, the number of prostate cancer cells is low at the early stage, so it is very challenging to detect. In this study, we successfully designed and developed upconversion immune-nanohybrids (UINBs) with sustainable stability in a physiological environment, stable optical properties and highly specific targeting capability for early-stage prostate cancer cell detection. The developed UINBs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and luminescence spectroscopy. The targeting function of the biotinylated antibody nanohybrids were confirmed by immunofluorescence assay and western blot analysis. The UINB system is able to specifically detect prostate cancer cells with stable and background-free luminescent signals for highly sensitive prostate cancer cell detection. This work demonstrates a versatile strategy to develop UCNPs based sustainably stable UINBs for sensitive diseased cell detection.

Correction to Thiolate DNAzymes on Gold Nanoparticles for Isothermal Amplification and Detection of Mesothelioma-derived Exosomal PD-L1 mRNA.

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 03-08-2023

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.3C03312

Application of Exonuclease III-Aided Target Recycling in Flow Cytometry: DNA Detection Sensitivity Enhanced by Orders of Magnitude

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 19-08-2013

DOI: 10.1021/AC401320D

Abstract: DNA-functionalized microspheres in conjugation with flow cytometry detection are widely used for high-throughput nucleic acid assays. Although such assays are rapid and capable of simultaneous analysis of multiple nucleic acid analytes in a single test, the intrinsic limitation in sensitivity remains challenging. Here we report a simple, highly sensitive, and reproducible method based on Exonuclease III-aided target recycling technique applied for DNA quantification in flow cytometry. By loading a high density of Cy5-labeled probe DNA on microspheres (15 μm), we achieved hitherto unreported DNA detection limit of 3.2 pM in flow cytometry bead assay, enhancing the sensitivity by a factor of over 56.8 compared to the conventional direct hybridization bead assay. Furthermore, we evaluated multiplexing capability by simultaneous detections of two target DNAs with FAM and Cy5 reporter conjugated probes. Therefore, the novel Exonuclease III- lified flow cytometry bead assay has great potential for the rapid, sensitive, and accurate detection and quantification of nucleic acids in clinical diagnosis and biomedical research.

Clinicopathological Characteristics of the primary and metastatic Hepatic Neuroendocrine Tumors and the relevant Prognosis-Related Factors: A Retrospective Study of 81 Cases in a Single Chinese Center

Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.7150/JCA.22157

Double-Sensitive Drug Release System Based on MnO₂ Assembled Upconversion Nanoconstruct for Double-Model Guided Chemotherapy

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 12-03-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACSANM.8B00134

Optical tweezers beyond refractive index mismatch using highly doped upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 18-02-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41565-021-00852-0

Abstract: Optical tweezers are widely used in materials assembly

NIR-II emissive properties of 808 nm-excited lanthanide-doped nanoparticles for multiplexed in vivo imaging

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.JLUMIN.2021.118597

Are there survival benefits in portal vein resection for pancreatic cancer?

Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Date: 20-05-2008

DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2008.26.15_SUPPL.15646

Comprehensive Diagnostic Nomogram for Predicting Clinically Relevant Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula After Pancreatoduodenectomy

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Date: 07-2021

DOI: 10.3389/FONC.2021.717087

Abstract: Clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) remains a severe and challenging complication of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). This study aimed to establish a novel postoperative nomogram-based diagnostic model for the early detection of CR-POPF in patients subjected to PD. Consecutive patients who underwent PD in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from December 2018 to October 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for CR-POPF. Then, a novel predictive nomogram was established accordingly. Among the consecutive 176 patients who underwent PD, 37 (21.1%) patients developed CR-POPF. Through univariate and multivariate analyses, the drain amylase (P = 0.002), serum creatinine (P = 0.009), and serum C reactive protein (P = 0.045) at postoperative day 1 (POD1) as well as the neutrophil count (P = 0.025) and temperature (P = 0.025) at POD3 were identified as independent risk factors for CR-POPF. Based on this, a novel predictive nomogram containing these factors was constructed to predict the probability of CR-POPF after PD. The formulated nomogram showed better performance to detect CR-POPF after PD with a sensitivity of 0.784, specificity of 0.770, positive predictive value of 0.475, and negative predictive value of 0.930 when compared to other predictors. In addition, the predictive value of the nomogram was assessed by a concordance index of 0.814 (95% CI, 0.736–0.892), which was significantly higher than indicators alone. This was further validated and depicted by decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve. This study established a diagnostic nomogram of postoperative objective parameters that can predict the development of CR-POPF after PD with a good discriminative ability and predictive accuracy.

Advances and challenges for fluorescence nanothermometry

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 28-09-2020

DOI: 10.1038/S41592-020-0957-Y

Direct cation exchange of surface ligand capped upconversion nanocrystals to produce strong luminescence

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.1039/C8CC04924F

Abstract: We develop a facile and rapid cation exchange method for upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs) without removing surface ligands.

Passivity-Based Trajectory Tracking and Formation Control of Nonholonomic Wheeled Robots Without Velocity Measurements

Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Date: 2023

DOI: 10.1109/TAC.2023.3258320

Clinical epidemiological analysis of the relationship between pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus: Data from a single institution in China

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-2009

DOI: 10.1111/J.1751-2980.2008.00359.X

Abstract: To investigate the relationship between pancreatic cancer (PC) and diabetes mellitus. All PC patients diagnosed and treated at Zhongshan hospital from January 1991 to December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. During this period, 770 non-digestive tract, non-neoplastic and non-hormone-related patients matched for sex and age were collected as controls. The incidence of diabetes mellitus between the two groups was compared. Between the PC group and the control group, sex and age of the patients were well matched. The incidence of diabetes mellitus was 34.63% in the PC group and 8.83% in the control group (P < 0.001, RR = 5.19). In the PC group there was no correlation between age, sex, site of the cancer, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, TNM staging and the incidence of diabetes mellitus. In this group with diabetes, 74.56% experienced onset within two years of cancer diagnosis. Of the control patients, 57.35% had had diabetes for under 2 years (P = 0.009, RR = 2.18). In the PC group with diabetes, 5.9% had had diabetes for more than 10 years while compared with 8.8% of the controls (P = 0.42). Whether diabetes mellitus is a result of or a risk factor for PC is still unclear. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is much higher in the PC patients. The onset of diabetes mellitus in adults might be an alerting factor that could lead to an early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Long-term ultra-low-level power STED nanoscopy

Publisher: OSA

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1364/PIBM.2017.W3A.37

Laterally swept light-sheet microscopy enhanced by pixel reassignment for photon-efficient volumetric imaging

Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng

Date: 05-12-2022

DOI: 10.1117/1.APN.2.1.016001

Gradient-sized control of tumor spheroids on a single chip

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1039/C9LC00872A

Abstract: Gradient-sized spheroids can be simultaneously generated on a single chip using a liquid-dome method assisted by the surface tension. The facile method can be used for investigation of the size-dependent behaviors of spheroids in biomedical research.

A stoichiometric terbium-europium dyad molecular thermometer: energy transfer properties.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 28-11-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41377-018-0097-7

Abstract: The optical thermometer has shown great promise for use in the fields of aeronautical engineering, environmental monitoring and medical diagnosis. Self-referencing lanthanide thermo-probes distinguish themselves because of their accuracy, calibration, photostability, and temporal dimension of signal. However, the use of conventional lanthanide-doped materials is limited by their poor reproducibility, random distance between energy transfer pairs and interference by energy migration, thereby restricting their utility. Herein, a strategy for synthesizing hetero-dinuclear complexes that comprise chemically similar lanthanides is introduced in which a pair of thermosensitive dinuclear complexes, cycTb-phEu and cycEu-phTb, were synthesized. Their structures were geometrically optimized with an internuclear distance of approximately 10.6Å. The sensitive linear temperature-dependent luminescent intensity ratios of europium and terbium emission over a wide temperature range (50–298K and 10–200K, respectively) and their temporal dimension responses indicate that both dinuclear complexes can act as excellent self-referencing thermometers. The energy transfer from Tb 3+ to Eu 3+ is thermally activated, with the most important pathway involving the 7 F 1 Eu 3+ J -multiplet at room temperature. The energy transfer from the antenna to Eu 3+ was simulated, and it was found that the most important ligand contributions to the rate come from transfers to the Eu 3+ upper states rather than direct ligand–metal transfer to 5 D 1 or 5 D 0 . As the first molecular-based thermometer with clear validation of the metal ratio and a fixed distance between the metal pairs, these dinuclear complexes can be used as new materials for temperature sensing and can provide a new platform for understanding the energy transfer between lanthanide ions.

Improving capture efficiency of human cancer cell derived exosomes with nanostructured metal organic framework functionalized beads

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.APMT.2021.100994

Upconversion nonlinear structured illumination microscopy

Publisher: arXiv

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2002.05864

Characterisation of Upconversion Nanoparticles for Imaging

Publisher: OSA

Date: 2013

DOI: 10.1364/ACPC.2013.ATH3J.1

Single-nanocrystal sensitivity achieved by enhanced upconversion luminescence

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 09-2013

DOI: 10.1038/NNANO.2013.171

Abstract: Upconversion nanocrystals convert infrared radiation to visible luminescence, and are promising for applications in biodetection, bioimaging, solar cells and three-dimensional display technologies. Although the design of suitable nanocrystals has improved the performance of upconversion nanocrystals, their emission brightness is limited by the low doping concentration of activator ions needed to avoid the luminescence quenching that occurs at high concentrations. Here, we demonstrate that high excitation irradiance can alleviate concentration quenching in upconversion luminescence when combined with higher activator concentration, which can be increased from 0.5 mol% to 8 mol% Tm(3+) in NaYF₄. This leads to significantly enhanced luminescence signals, by up to a factor of 70. By using such bright nanocrystals, we demonstrate remote tracking of a single nanocrystal with a microstructured optical-fibre dip sensor. This represents a sensitivity improvement of three orders of magnitude over benchmark nanocrystals such as quantum dots.

Rational design of a comprehensive cancer therapy platform using temperature-sensitive polymer grafted hollow gold nanospheres: simultaneous chemo/photothermal/photodynamic therapy triggered by a 650 nm laser with enhanced anti-tumor efficacy.

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2016

DOI: 10.1039/C5NR08253F

Abstract: Combining multi-model treatments within one single system has attracted great interest for the purpose of synergistic therapy. In this paper, hollow gold nanospheres (HAuNs) coated with a temperature-sensitive polymer, poly(oligo(ethylene oxide) methacrylate-co-2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate) (p(OEGMA-co-MEMA)), co-loaded with DOX and a photosensitizer Chlorin e6 (Ce6) were successfully synthesized. As high as 58% DOX and 6% Ce6 by weight could be loaded onto the HAuNs-p(OEGMA-co-MEMA) nanocomposites. The grafting polymer brushes outside the HAuNs play the role of "gate molecules" for controlled drug release by 650 nm laser radiation owing to the temperature-sensitive property of the polymer and the photothermal effect of HAuNs. The HAuNs-p(OEGMA-co-MEMA)-Ce6-DOX nanocomposites with 650 nm laser radiation show effective inhibition of cancer cells in vitro and enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. In contrast, control groups without laser radiation show little cytotoxicity. The nanocomposite demonstrates a way of "killing three birds with one stone", that is, chemotherapy, photothermal and photodynamic therapy are triggered simultaneously by the 650 nm laser stimulation. Therefore, the nanocomposites show the great advantages of multi-modal synergistic effects for cancer therapy by a remote-controlled laser stimulus.

Enhancing Forbidden Light Propagation in Nanoporous Anodic Alumina Gradient-Index Filters by Alcohol Additives

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 08-12-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACSANM.0C02615

Sensitive detection of NaYF₄: Yb/Tm nanoparticles using suspended core microstructured optical fibers

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 22-02-2013

DOI: 10.1117/12.2004236

Large-area display textiles integrated with functional systems

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 10-03-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41586-021-03295-8

Super-resolution fluorescence dipole orientation microscopy

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 08-2016

DOI: 10.1109/PIERS.2016.7734948

Deep tissue super-resolution microscopy mapping single nanoparticles inside multicellular spheroids

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 20-08-2020

DOI: 10.1117/12.2569754

Recent Progress in Near Infrared Light Triggered Photodynamic Therapy

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-09-2017

DOI: 10.1002/SMLL.201702299

Abstract: Nowadays, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is under the research spotlight as an appealing modality for various malignant tumors. Compared with conventional PDT treatment activated by ultraviolet or visible light, near infrared (NIR) light-triggered PDT possessing deeper penetration to lesion area and lower photodamage to normal tissue holds great potential for in vivo deep-seated tumor. In this review, recent research progress related to the exploration of NIR light responsive PDT nanosystems is summarized. To address current obstacles of PDT treatment and facilitate the effective utilization, several innovative strategies are developed and introduced into PDT nanosystems, including the conjugation with targeted moieties, O

3D Rotation‐Trackable and Differentiable Micromachines with Dimer‐Type Structures for Dynamic Bioanalysis

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-2021

DOI: 10.1002/AISY.202170020

Background free imaging of upconversion nanoparticle distribution in human skin.

Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng

Date: 27-11-2013

DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.18.6.061215

Biodegradable Nanoprodrugs: “Delivering” ROS to Cancer Cells for Molecular Dynamic Therapy

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 03-12-2019

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.201904011

Abstract: Biodegradable nanoprodrugs, inheriting the antitumor effects of chemotherapy drugs and overcoming the inevitable drawback of side effects on normal tissues, hold promise as next-generation cancer therapy candidates. Biodegradable nanoprodrugs of transferrin-modified MgO

Therapeutic vaccination against advanced pancreatic cancer by autologous dendritic cells pulsed with a MUC1 peptide: Preclinical results of a clinical phase I trial

Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Date: 20-05-2009

DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2009.27.15_SUPPL.E15652

Abstract: e15652 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has a particularly poor prognosis. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies such as immunotherapy are required. The aim of the present phase I study was to evaluate the safety, immune responses and clinical activity of a vaccine based on autologous dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with a specific MUC1 peptide in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. Methods: Five patients who had pancreatic cancer ductal adenocarcinoma expressing MUC1 in stage of III/IV were enrolled to the clinical trial. Patients underwent leukapheresis to generate dendritic cells by culture in vitro with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 for 5 days. Dendritic cells were then pulsed overnight with MUC1 peptide (GVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPAH) and harvested for vaccination. Dendritic cells (3×10 6 -6×10 6 ) were injected intradermally every 2 weeks for 3–4 times. Results: All patients remained with progressive disease. Four patients developed strong T-cell IFN-γ and Granzyme B Elispot responses to the vaccine. Most interestingly, the patient who was treated with the highest number of DC(6×10 6 ) had more number of CTL than other patients and showed delayed-type hypersensitivity responses at injection sites and this patient stopped application of the analgetics. Another patient with relapsed pancreatic cancer who had finished the 4 times of vaccination and then followed 6 times of chemotherapy with Gemcitabine had a surprisingly long term of survival of 12 month. No evidence of significant treatment related toxicity or auto-immunity was observed. Conclusions: This study showed the safety and clinical response of MUC1 peptide-pulsed dendritic cell therapy for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. It confirms the capability of this DC vaccine to stimulate an immune response in patients with pancreatic cancer even in the presence of a large tumor burden. Dendritic cell therapy is recommended for further clinical studies in pancreatic cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

CRAFT: Multimodality confocal skin imaging for early cancer diagnosis

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 09-01-2012

DOI: 10.1002/JBIO.201100124

Abstract: Although histological analysis serves as a gold standard to cancer diagnosis, its application on skin cancer detection is largely prohibited due to its invasive nature. To obtain both the structural and pathological information in situ , a Confocal Reflectance/Auto‐Fluorescence Tomography (CRAFT) system was established to examine the skin sites in vivo with both reflectance and autofluorescence modes simultaneously. Nude mice skin with cancerous sites and normal skin sites were imaged and compared with the system. The cellular density and reflective intensity in cancerous sites reflects the structural change of the tissue. With the decay coefficient analysis, the corresponding NAD(P)H decay index for cancerous sites is 1.65‐fold that of normal sites, leading to a 97.8% of sensitivity and specificity for early cancer diagnosis. The results are verified by the followed histological analysis. Therefore, CRAFT may provide a novel method for the in vivo, non‐invasive diagnosis of early cancer. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

3D Rotation‐Trackable and Differentiable Micromachines with Dimer‐Type Structures for Dynamic Bioanalysis

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 16-11-2021

DOI: 10.1002/AISY.202000205

Triplet state brightens upconversion

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 28-06-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41566-018-0188-2

Nanobarcodes with multidimensional optical information beyond diffraction limit

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 09-07-2020

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-39284/V1

Abstract: Precise design and fabrication of heterogeneous nanostructures will enable nanoscale devices to integrate multiple desirable functionalities. But due to the diffraction limit (~200 nm), the optical uniformity and ersity within the heterogeneous functional nanostructures are hardly controlled and characterized. Here we report a set of nanobarcodes, each optically active section has its unique nonlinear responses to donut illumination patterns, so that one can discern each unit with super resolution. To achieve this, we first realized an approach of highly controlled epitaxial growth and produced a range of one-dimensional heterogeneous structures. Each section along the nanorod structure display tunable upconversion emissions, in four optically orthogonal dimensions, including colour, lifetime, excitation wavelength, and power dependency. Moreover, we demonstrated a 210 nm single nanorod as the smallest polychromatic light source for the on-demand generation of RGB photonic emissions. Remarkably, within a space of 50 nm, only 1/20th of the excitation wavelength, multiple codes can be successfully coded and decoded in 4 optical dimensions. This precision control enables the fabrication of super capacity geometrical barcodes with theoretical coding capacity up to (24-1)4. This work benchmarks our new ability towards the full control of sub-diffraction-limit optical ersities of single heterogeneous nanoparticles.

The 3Ds – Discussion, diagnosis and direction: Elements for effective obesity care by healthcare professionals

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.EJIM.2021.01.012

Patient motivation to lose weight: Importance of healthcare professional support, goals and self-efficacy

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.EJIM.2021.01.019

Enrichment of short mutant cell-free DNA fragments enhanced detection of pancreatic cancer

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.EBIOM.2019.02.010

Off-axis gyration induces large-area circular motion of anisotropic microparticles in a dynamic magnetic trap

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Date: 19-07-2021

DOI: 10.1063/5.0056067

Abstract: Magnetic tweezers are crucial for single-molecule and atomic characterization and biomedical isolation of microparticle carriers. The trapping component of magnetic tweezing can be reliant on a magnetic potential well that can confine the relevant species to a localized region. Here, we report that magnetic microparticles with tailored anisotropy can transition from localized off-axis gyration to large-area locomotion in a rotating magnetic trap. The microparticles, consisting of assemblies of magnetic cores, are observed to either rotate about its structural geometric center or gyrate about one of the magnetic cores and the switching of which can be modulated by the external field. Raising the magnetic field strength above a threshold, the particles can go beyond the traditional synchronous-rotation and asynchronous-oscillation modes and into a scenario of large-area circular motion. This results in peculiar retrograde locomotion related to the magnetization maxima of the microparticle. Our finding suggests the important role of the microparticle's magnetic morphology in the controlled transport of microparticles and developing smart micro-actuators and micro-robot devices.

Advanced optical properties of upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Elsevier

Date: 2023

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-822425-0.00084-1

Preparation and time-gated luminescence bioimaging application of ruthenium complex covalently bound silica nanoparticles

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 30-06-2009

DOI: 10.1016/J.TALANTA.2009.03.018

Abstract: Luminescent ruthenium(II) complex covalently bound silica nanoparticles have been prepared and used as a probe for time-gated luminescence bioimaging. The new nanoparticles were prepared by copolymerization of a luminescent Ru(II) complex tris(5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) conjugated with 3-aminopropyl(triethoxy)silane (APS-Ru conjugate), free (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APS) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in a water-in-oil reverse microemulsion consisting of Triton X-100, n-octanol, cyclohexane and water in the presence of aqueous ammonia. Characterization by transmission electron microscopy indicates that the nanoparticles are monodisperse, spherical and uniform in size, 64+/-4 nm in diameter. Compared with the dye-doping nanoparticles, dye leakage of the new nanoparticles was remarkably decreased. In addition, it was found that the Ru(II) complex luminescence could be effectively enhanced with a longer luminescence lifetime (approximately 2.3 micros) after forming the nanoparticles, which enables the nanoparticles to be suitable as a bioprobe for time-gated luminescence bioimaging applications. The nanoparticle-labeled streptavidin was prepared and successfully used for time-gated luminescence imaging detection of an environmental pathogen, Giardia lamblia, with high specificity and sensitivity.

Lanthanide upconversion within microstructured optical fibers: improved detection limits for sensing and the demonstration of a new tool for nanocrystal characterization

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2012

DOI: 10.1039/C2NR32583G

Abstract: We investigate a powerful new sensing platform based on the excitation of upconversion luminescence from NaYF(4):Yb/Er nanocrystals loaded in solution within a suspended-core microstructured optical fiber. We demonstrate a substantial improvement in the detection limit that can be achieved in a suspended-core fiber sensor for solution-based measurements using these nanocrystals as an alternative to more traditional fluorophores, with sensing of concentrations as low as 660 fM demonstrated compared with the 10 pM obtained using quantum dots. This nanocrystal loaded suspended core fiber platform also forms the basis for a novel and robust nanoscale spectrometry device capable of capturing power-dependent spectra over a large dynamic range from 10(3) W cm(-2) to 10(6) W cm(-2) using a laser diode. This serves as a useful tool to study the multiple energy levels of rare earth luminescent nano-materials, allowing the two sharp emission bands to be studied in detail over a large dynamic range of excitation powers. Thus, in addition to demonstrating a highly sensitive dip sensor, we have devised a powerful new approach for characterizing upconversion nanoparticles.

Quantitative susceptibility mapping to evaluate brain iron deposition and its correlation with physiological parameters in hypertensive patients.

Publisher: AME Publishing Company

Date: 10-2021

DOI: 10.21037/ATM-21-5170

Axially Overlapped Multi-Focus Light Sheet with Enlarged Field of View

Publisher: arXiv

Date: 2021

DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2102.12636

Axially overlapped multi-focus light sheet with enlarged field of view

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Date: 31-05-2021

DOI: 10.1063/5.0049013

Abstract: Light sheet fluorescence microscopy provides optical sectioning and is widely used in volumetric imaging of large specimens. However, the axial resolution and the lateral Field of View (FoV) of the system, defined by the light sheet, typically limit each other due to the spatial band product of the excitation objective. Here, we develop a simple multi-focus scheme to extend the FoV, where a Gaussian light sheet can be focused at three or more consecutive positions. Axially overlapped multiple light sheets significantly enlarge the FoV with improved uniformity and negligible loss in axial resolution. By measuring the point spread function of fluorescent beads, we demonstrated that the obtained light sheet has a FoV of 450 μm and a maximum axial FWHM of 7.5 μm. Compared with the conventional single-focus one, the multi-focus Gaussian light sheet displays a significantly improved optical sectioning ability over the full FoV when imaging cells and zebrafish.

Prognostic value of histological subtype in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas

Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Date: 04-2017

DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000006599

Bone Disease Imaging through the Near-Infrared-II Window

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 02-03-2023

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-2582295/V1

Abstract: Bone health related skeletal disorders are commonly diagnosed by X-ray imaging, but the radiation limits its use. Light excitation and optical imaging through the near-infrared-II window (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) can penetrate deep tissues without radiation risk, but the targeting of contrast agent is non-specific. Here, we report that lanthanide-doped nanocrystals can be passively transported by endothelial cells and macrophages from the blood vessels into bone marrow microenvironment. We found that this bone targeting scheme can be effective for longer than two months. We therefore developed an intravital 3D and high-resolution planar imaging instrumentation for bone disease diagnosis. We demonstrated the regular monitoring of 1 mm bone defects for 11 days in NIR-II window, with spatial resolution similar to X-ray imaging result, but more flexible use in prognosis. Moreover, the passive targeting can be used to reveal the early onset inflammation at the joints as the synovitis in the early stage of rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, the proposed method is comparable to micro computed tomography (µCT) in recognizing symptoms of osteoarthritis, including the mild hyperostosis in femur which is ~ 100 µm thicker than normal, and the growth of millimeter-scale osteophyte in the knee joint, which further proves the power and universality of our approach.

Mirror-enhanced super-resolution microscopy

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 17-06-2016

DOI: 10.1038/LSA.2016.134

Polymer-Functionalized Upconversion Nanoparticles for Light/Imaging-Guided Drug Delivery

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 26-07-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.BIOMAC.1C00669

Preparation and time-resolved luminescence bioassay application of multicolor luminescent lanthanide nanoparticles.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 23-10-2010

DOI: 10.1007/S10895-009-0559-7

Abstract: Because highly luminescent lanthanide compounds are limited to Eu(3+) and Tb(3+) compounds with red (Eu, approximately 615 nm) and green (Tb, approximately 545 nm) emission colors, the development and application of time-resolved luminescence bioassay technique using lanthanide-based multicolor luminescent biolabels have rarely been investigated. In this work, a series of lanthanide complexes covalently bound silica nanoparticles with an excitation maximum wavelength at 335 nm and red, orange, yellow and green emission colors has been prepared by co-binding different molar ratios of luminescent Eu(3+)-Tb(3+) complexes with a ligand N,N,N(1),N(1)-(4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine-6,6''-diyl)bis(methylenenitrilo) tetrakis (acetic acid) inside the silica nanoparticles. The nanoparticles characterized by transmission electron microscopy and luminescence spectroscopy methods were used for streptavidin labeling, and time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TR-FIA) of human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as well as time-resolved luminescence imaging detection of an environmental pathogen, Giardia lamblia. The results demonstrated the utility of the new multicolor luminescent lanthanide nanoparticles for time-resolved luminescence bioassays.

Versatile upconversion surfaces evaluation platform for bio-nano surface selection for nervous system

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 07-2017

DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117391

ALTEN: A High‐Fidelity Primary Tissue‐Engineering Platform to Assess Cellular Responses Ex Vivo

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 25-05-2022

DOI: 10.1002/ADVS.202103332

Abstract: To fully investigate cellular responses to stimuli and perturbations within tissues, it is essential to replicate the complex molecular interactions within the local microenvironment of cellular niches. Here, the authors introduce Alginate‐based tissue engineering (ALTEN), a biomimetic tissue platform that allows ex vivo analysis of explanted tissue biopsies. This method preserves the original characteristics of the source tissue's cellular milieu, allowing multiple and erse cell types to be maintained over an extended period of time. As a result, ALTEN enables rapid and faithful characterization of perturbations across specific cell types within a tissue. Importantly, using single‐cell genomics, this approach provides integrated cellular responses at the resolution of in idual cells. ALTEN is a powerful tool for the analysis of cellular responses upon exposure to cytotoxic agents and immunomodulators. Additionally, ALTEN's scalability using automated microfluidic devices for tissue encapsulation and subsequent transport, to enable centralized high‐throughput analysis of s les gathered by large‐scale multicenter studies, is shown.

Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma: a consensus practice statement from the Australasian Lymphoma Alliance

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 21-07-2022

DOI: 10.1111/IMJ.15533

Abstract: Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma subtype, accounting for 30–40% of lymphoma diagnoses. Although aggressive, cure is achievable in approximately 60% of cases with primary chemoimmunotherapy, and in a further substantial minority by salvage therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Despite promising activity in early phase clinical trials, no intensified or novel treatment regimen has improved outcomes over R‐CHOP21 in randomised studies. However, there remain several areas of controversy including the most appropriate prognostic markers, central nervous system prophylaxis and the optimal treatment for patients with high‐risk disease. This position statement presents an evidence‐based synthesis of the literature for application in Australasian practice.

Spatiotemporally mapping temperature dynamics of lysosomes and mitochondria using cascade organelle-targeting upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Date: 02-11-2022

DOI: 10.1073/PNAS.2207402119

Abstract: The intracellular metabolism of organelles, like lysosomes and mitochondria, is highly coordinated spatiotemporally and functionally. The activities of lysosomal enzymes significantly rely on the cytoplasmic temperature, and heat is constantly released by mitochondria as the byproduct of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation during active metabolism. Here, we developed temperature-sensitive LysoDots and MitoDots to monitor the in situ thermal dynamics of lysosomes and mitochondria. The design is based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with high-density surface modifications to achieve the exceptionally high sensitivity of 2.7% K −1 and low uncertainty of 0.8 K for nanothermometry to be used in living cells. We show the measurement is independent of the ion concentrations and pH values. With Ca 2+ ion shock, the temperatures of both lysosomes and mitochondria increased by ∼2 to 4 °C. Intriguingly, with chloroquine (CQ) treatment, the lysosomal temperature was observed to decrease by up to ∼3 °C, while mitochondria remained relatively stable. Lastly, with oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor treatment, we observed an ∼3 to 7 °C temperature increase and a thermal transition from mitochondria to lysosomes. These observations indicate different metabolic pathways and thermal transitions between lysosomes and mitochondria inside HeLa cells. The nanothermometry probes provide a powerful tool for multimodality functional imaging of subcellular organelles and interactions with high spatial, temporal, and thermal dynamics resolutions.

Zigzag microchannel for rigid inertial separation and enrichment (Z-RISE) of cells and particles.

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.1039/D2LC00290F

Abstract: Separation and enrichment of target cells prior to downstream analyses is an essential pre-treatment step in many biomedical and clinical assays. Separation techniques utilizing simple, cost-effective, and user-friendly devices are highly desirable, both in the lab and at the point of need. Passive microfluidic approaches, especially inertial microfluidics, fit this brief perfectly and are highly desired. Using an optimized additive manufacturing technique, we developed a zigzag microchannel for rigid inertial separation and enrichment, hereafter referred to as Z-RISE. We empirically showed that the Z-RISE device outperforms equivalent devices based on curvilinear (sinusoidal), asymmetric curvilinear, zigzag with round corners, or square-wave formats and modelled this behavior to gain a better understanding of the physics underpinning the improved focusing and separation performance. The comparison between rigid and soft zigzag microchannels reveals that channel rigidity significantly affects and enhances the focusing performance of the microchannel. Compared to other serpentine microchannels, zigzag microfluidics demonstrates superior separation and purity efficiency due to the sudden channel cross-section expansion at the corners. Within Z-RISE, particles are aligned in either double-side or single-line focusing positions. The transition of particles from a double-focusing line to a single focusing line introduced a new phenomenon referred to as the plus focusing position. We experimentally demonstrated that Z-RISE could enrich leukocytes and their subtypes from diluted and RBC lysed blood while depleting dead cells, debris, and RBCs. Z-RISE was also shown to yield outstanding particle or cell concentration with a concentration efficiency of more than 99.99%. Our data support the great potential of Z-RISE for applications that involve particle and cell manipulations and pave the way for commercialization perspective in the near future.

Magnetically targeted delivery of DOX loaded Cu₉S₅@mSiO₂@Fe₃O₄-PEG nanocomposites for combined MR imaging and chemo/photothermal synergistic ther

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2016

DOI: 10.1039/C5NR06322A

Abstract: The combination of multi-theranostic modes in a controlled fashion has received tremendous attention for the construction of cooperative therapeutic systems in nanomedicine. Herein, we have synthesized a smart magnetically targeted nanocarrier system, Cu9S5@mSiO2@Fe3O4-PEG (labelled as CMF), which integrates NIR triggered photothermal therapy, pH/NIR-responsive chemotherapy and MR imaging into one nanoplatform to enhance the therapeutic efficacy. This new multifunctional paradigm has a uniform and monodisperse sesame ball-like structure by decorating tiny Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the surface of Cu9S5@mSiO2 before a further PEG modification to improve its hydrophilicity and biocompatibility. With doxorubicin (DOX) payload, the as-obtained CMF-DOX composites can simultaneously provide an intense heating effect and enhanced DOX release upon 980 nm NIR light exposure, achieving a combined chemo hotothermal therapy. Under the influence of an external magnetic field, the magnetically targeted synergistic therapeutic effect of CMF-DOX can lead to highly superior inhibition of animal H22 tumor in vivo when compared to any of the single approaches alone. The results revealed that this Cu9S5 based magnetically targeted chemo hotothermal synergistic nanocarrier system has great promise in future MR imaging assisted tumor targeted therapy of cancer.

Recent Research on Combination of Radiotherapy with Targeted Therapy or Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review for Radiation Oncologists

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 15-11-2021

DOI: 10.3390/CANCERS13225716

Abstract: Radiotherapy plays an important role of managing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Concurrent radiotherapy with radiosensitizing cisplastin chemotherapy is the standard of care (SOC) for non-operable locally advanced HNSCC. Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody of epidermal growth factor receptor, was the most extensively studied targeted therapy as a chemo-sparing agent that was used concurrently with radiotherapy. Immunotherapy is used in the treatment of metastatic HNSCC. There is evidence to support the synergistic effect when combining radiotherapy with immunotherapy to potentiate anti-tumor immune response. There has been increasing interest to incorporate immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) with radiotherapy in the curative setting for HNSCC. In this review, we discuss the latest evidence that supports concurrent radiotherapy with cisplatin which remains the SOC for locally advanced HNSCC (LA-HNSCC). Cetuximab is suitable for patients who are not fit for cisplatin. We then summarize the clinical trials that incorporate ICI with radiotherapy for LA-HNSCC in concurrent, neoadjuvant, and adjuvant settings. We also discuss the potential of combining immunotherapy with radiotherapy as a treatment de-escalating strategy in HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinoma. Finally, the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of the abscopal effect when combining stereotactic body radiotherapy with ICIs is presented.

Enhancing Hybrid Upconversion Nanosystems via Synergistic Effects of Moiety Engineered NIR Dyes

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 15-11-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.1C02391

Abstract: Hybrid upconversion nanosystems have been reported to improve the low absorption efficiency of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). However, the low quantum yield and poor photostability of NIR dyes pose challenges for practical uses. Here, we introduce a bulky moiety, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (TPEO), to enhance its quantum yield by suppressing the bond rotation and improve the stability by deactivating the photoinduced oxidization. Compared with the conventional IR806, the formed NIR dye, TPEO-Cy, has been characterized to deliver three times higher quantum yield and seven times better photostability. Moreover, we take advantage of the strong affinity of sulfonate chains on the TPEO-Cy to bind to the surface of UCNPs. Taking together the synergistic effect, we have achieved a 242-fold upconversion emission enhancement over the benchmark of IR806-sensitized system and an ∼800 000-fold increase than the bare UCNPs. Our design of the NIR dyes suggests a new scope to search for more efficient upconversion nanohybrids.

Generation of Tamm Plasmon Resonances for Light Confinement Applications in Narrowband Gradient-Index Filters Based on Nanoporous Anodic Alumina

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 22-03-2023

DOI: 10.1021/ACSANM.2C05356

Entropy-driven strand displacement reaction for ultrasensitive detection of circulating tumor DNA based on upconversion and Fe3O4 nanocrystals

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 27-05-2021

DOI: 10.1007/S40843-020-1649-1

Correction: Video-rate upconversion display from optimized lanthanide ion doped upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.1039/D0NR90159H

Abstract: Correction for ‘Video-rate upconversion display from optimized lanthanide ion doped upconversion nanoparticles’ by Laixu Gao et al. , Nanoscale , 2020, DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03076g.

Upconversion nanoparticles coated with molecularly imprinted polymers for specific sensing

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.1039/D0DT03555F

Abstract: The development of fluorescent sensors based on lanthanide-doped luminescent nanoparticles has increased their application in biomarker detection.

Large-scale dewetting assembly of gold nanoparticles for plasmonic enhanced upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.1039/C7NR08979A

Abstract: The integrated methods of core shell upconversion nanoparticle synthesis, thermal annealing and gold dewetting produce gold-decorated upconversion nanoparticles with enhanced emission.

Anticounterfeiting Systems: Optical Nanomaterials and Enabling Technologies for High‐Security‐Level Anticounterfeiting (Adv. Mater. 18/2020)

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-2020

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.202070141

UV LED excited time-gated luminescence flow cytometry: Concepts and experimental evaluation

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 18-10-2006

DOI: 10.1117/12.685076

High-dimensional super-resolution imaging reveals heterogeneity and dynamics of subcellular lipid membranes

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 18-11-2020

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-19747-0

Abstract: Lipid membranes are found in most intracellular organelles, and their heterogeneities play an essential role in regulating the organelles’ biochemical functionalities. Here we report a Spectrum and Polarization Optical Tomography (SPOT) technique to study the subcellular lipidomics in live cells. Simply using one dye that universally stains the lipid membranes, SPOT can simultaneously resolve the membrane morphology, polarity, and phase from the three optical-dimensions of intensity, spectrum, and polarization, respectively. These high-throughput optical properties reveal lipid heterogeneities of ten subcellular compartments, at different developmental stages, and even within the same organelle. Furthermore, we obtain real-time monitoring of the multi-organelle interactive activities of cell ision and successfully reveal their sophisticated lipid dynamics during the plasma membrane separation, tunneling nanotubules formation, and mitochondrial cristae dissociation. This work suggests research frontiers in correlating single-cell super-resolution lipidomics with multiplexed imaging of organelle interactome.

Development of a functional ruthenium(II) complex for probing hypochlorous acid in living cells

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2014

DOI: 10.1039/C4DT00179F

Abstract: A functional ruthenium(ii) complex, [Ru(bpy)2(AN-bpy)](PF6)2 (bpy: 2,2'-bipyridine, AN-bpy: 4-methyl-4'-(4-amino-3-nitro-phenoxy-methylene)-2,2'-bipyridine), has been designed and synthesized as a turn-on luminescent probe for the imaging of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in living cells. Due to the intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET), the ruthenium(ii) complex itself is almost non-luminescent. However, it can specifically and rapidly react with HOCl in aqueous media to afford a highly luminescent derivative, [Ru(bpy)2(HM-bpy)](PF6)2 (HM-bpy: 4-hydroxymethyl-4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridine), accompanied by a 110-fold luminescence enhancement. Taking advantage of high specificity and sensitivity, and excellent photophysical properties of the ruthenium(ii) complex probe, [Ru(bpy)2(AN-bpy)](PF6)2 was successfully applied to the luminescence imaging of the exogenous HOCl in living HeLa cells and the endogenous HOCl in porcine neutrophils. The results corroborate that indeed [Ru(bpy)2(AN-bpy)](PF6)2 is a useful luminescent probe for the monitoring of HOCl in biological systems.

Challenges in DNA Delivery and Recent Advances in Multifunctional Polymeric DNA Delivery Systems

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 14-07-2017

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.BIOMAC.7B00803

Abstract: After more than 20 years of intensive investigations, gene therapy has become one of the most promising strategies for treating genetic diseases. However, the lack of ideal delivery systems has limited the clinical realization of gene therapy's tremendous potential, especially for DNA-based gene therapy. Over the past decade, considerable advances have been made in the application of polymer-based DNA delivery systems for gene therapy, especially through multifunctional systems. The core concept behind multifunctional polymeric DNA delivery systems is to endow one single DNA carrier, via materials engineering and surface modification, with several active functions, e.g., good cargo DNA protection, excellent colloidal stability, high cellular uptake efficiency, efficient endo/lysosome escape, effective import into the nucleus, and DNA unpacking. Such specially developed vectors would be capable of overcoming multiple barriers to the successful delivery of DNA. In this review, we first provide a comprehensive overview of the interactions between the protein corona and DNA vectors, the mechanisms and challenges of nonviral DNA vectors, and important concepts in the design of DNA carriers identified via past reports on DNA delivery systems. Finally, we highlight and discuss recent advances in multifunctional polymeric DNA delivery systems based on "off-the-shelf" polycations including polyethylenimine (PEI), poly-l-lysine (PLL), and chitosan and offer perspectives on future developments.

A 12-week, randomised, controlled trial to examine the acceptability of the Korean diet and its effectiveness on weight and metabolic parameters in an Australian overweight and obese population

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2012

DOI: 10.1016/J.ORCP.2011.05.003

Abstract: South Korea has a significantly lower prevalence of overweight and obesity compared to Western countries. This may be due to differences between the traditional Korean diet (KD) and western diet (WD). Our study investigated whether a Western population would accept a KD, compared to a WD, in a weight loss oriented lifestyle program. 70 overweight or obese participants were randomised to a 12-week weight loss program. All participants followed a standardised lifestyle intervention incorporating diet, exercise and behavioural modification techniques. KD participants were provided with a traditional Korean lunch and dinner (Monday to Saturday). WD participants were provided with a weekly grocery food voucher. Weight and metabolic parameters were measured. 60 participants completed the study (KD = 25 WD = 35). No significant difference was found for percentage weight loss (KD: -5.8 ± 4.7% WD: -5.7 ± 4.1% p = 0.93). On the 10-item Food Acceptability Questionnaire, there was a decline in acceptance for the KD group over the 12-week intervention. When incorporated into a lifestyle intervention a traditional KD resulted in similar weight loss to a WD, despite a significantly higher energy intake. Food acceptability scores significantly favoured the WD for some of the measures at week 12, and the most common staple Korean foods were reported highest amongst the food returns, suggesting that the KD was not as well accepted and less enjoyable on a range of measures. More variability in the menu and flexibility in portion sizes of the KD may improve its acceptance and could further optimise its weight loss potential for Westerners.

3D Printing of Inertial Microfluidic Devices.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 03-04-2020

DOI: 10.1038/S41598-020-62569-9

Abstract: Inertial microfluidics has been broadly investigated, resulting in the development of various applications, mainly for particle or cell separation. Lateral migrations of these particles within a microchannel strictly depend on the channel design and its cross-section. Nonetheless, the fabrication of these microchannels is a continuous challenging issue for the microfluidic community, where the most studied channel cross-sections are limited to only rectangular and more recently trapezoidal microchannels. As a result, a huge amount of potential remains intact for other geometries with cross-sections difficult to fabricate with standard microfabrication techniques. In this study, by leveraging on benefits of additive manufacturing, we have proposed a new method for the fabrication of inertial microfluidic devices. In our proposed workflow, parts are first printed via a high-resolution DLP/SLA 3D printer and then bonded to a transparent PMMA sheet using a double-coated pressure-sensitive adhesive tape. Using this method, we have fabricated and tested a plethora of existing inertial microfluidic devices, whether in a single or multiplexed manner, such as straight, spiral, serpentine, curvilinear, and contraction-expansion arrays. Our characterizations using both particles and cells revealed that the produced chips could withstand a pressure up to 150 psi with minimum interference of the tape to the total functionality of the device and viability of cells. As a showcase of the versatility of our method, we have proposed a new spiral microchannel with right-angled triangular cross-section which is technically impossible to fabricate using the standard lithography. We are of the opinion that the method proposed in this study will open the door for more complex geometries with the bespoke passive internal flow. Furthermore, the proposed fabrication workflow can be adopted at the production level, enabling large-scale manufacturing of inertial microfluidic devices.

Author Correction: High-sensitivity imaging of time-domain near-infrared light transducer

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 09-06-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41566-021-00834-7

Nanoparticles give mice infrared vision

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 24-04-2019

DOI: 10.1038/S41566-019-0423-5

Tuning Enhancement Efficiency of Multiple Emissive Centers in Graphene Quantum Dots by Core–Shell Plasmonic Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 08-11-2017

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.7B02550

Abstract: Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are emerging luminescent nanomaterials for energy, bioimaging, and optoelectronic applications. However, unlike conventional fluorophores, GQDs contain multiple emissive centers that result in a complex interaction with external electromagnetic fields. Here we utilize core-shell plasmonic nanoparticles to simultaneously enhance and modulate the photoluminescence (PL) intensities and spectral profiles of GQDs. By analyzing the spectral profiles, we show that the emissive centers are highly influenced by the proximity to the metal particles. Under optimal spacer thickness of 25 nm, the overall PL displays a four-fold enhancement compared with a pristine GQD. However, detailed lifetime measurements indicate the presence of midgap states that act as the bottleneck for further enhancement. Our results offer new perspectives for fundamental understanding and new design of functional luminescent materials (e.g., GQDs, graphene oxide, carbon dots) for imaging, sensing, and light harvesting.

Eave ribbons treated with transfluthrin can protect both users and non-users against malaria vectors

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 18-09-2019

DOI: 10.1186/S12936-019-2958-9

Abstract: Eave ribbons treated with spatial repellents effectively prevent human exposure to outdoor-biting and indoor-biting malaria mosquitoes, and could constitute a scalable and low-cost supplement to current interventions, such as insecticide-treated nets (ITNs). This study measured protection afforded by transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons to users (personal and communal protection) and non-users (only communal protection), and whether introducing mosquito traps as additional intervention influenced these benefits. Five experimental huts were constructed inside a 110 m long, screened tunnel, in which 1000 Anopheles arabiensis were released nightly. Eave ribbons treated with 0.25 g/m 2 transfluthrin were fitted to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 huts, achieving 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% coverage, respectively. Volunteers sat near each hut and collected mosquitoes attempting to bite them from 6 to 10 p.m. (outdoor-biting), then went indoors to sleep under untreated bed nets, beside which CDC-light traps collected mosquitoes from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m. (indoor-biting). Caged mosquitoes kept inside the huts were monitored for 24 h-mortality. Separately, eave ribbons, UV–LED mosquito traps (Mosclean) or both the ribbons and traps were fitted, each time leaving the central hut unfitted to represent non-user households and assess communal protection. Biting risk was measured concurrently in all huts, before and after introducing interventions. Transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons provided 83% and 62% protection indoors and outdoors respectively to users, plus 57% and 48% protection indoors and outdoors to the non-user. Protection for users remained constant, but protection for non-users increased with eave ribbons coverage, peaking once 80% of huts were fitted. Mortality of mosquitoes caged inside huts with eave ribbons was 100%. The UV–LED traps increased indoor exposure to users and non-users, but marginally reduced outdoor-biting. Combining the traps and eave ribbons did not improve user protection relative to eave ribbons alone. Transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons protect both users and non-users against malaria mosquitoes indoors and outdoors. The mosquito-killing property of transfluthrin can magnify the communal benefits by limiting unwanted ersion to non-users, but should be validated in field trials against pyrethroid-resistant vectors. Benefits of the UV–LED traps as an intervention alone or alongside eave ribbons were however undetectable in this study. These findings extend the evidence that transfluthrin-treated eave ribbons could complement ITNs.

Controlling upconversion nanocrystals for emerging applications

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 11-2015

DOI: 10.1038/NNANO.2015.251

Abstract: Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanocrystals enable anti-Stokes emission with pump intensities several orders of magnitude lower than required by conventional nonlinear optical techniques. Their exceptional properties, namely large anti-Stokes shifts, sharp emission spectra and long excited-state lifetimes, have led to a ersity of applications. Here, we review upconversion nanocrystals from the perspective of fundamental concepts and examine the technical challenges in relation to emission colour tuning and luminescence enhancement. In particular, we highlight the advances in functionalization strategies that enable the broad utility of upconversion nanocrystals for multimodal imaging, cancer therapy, volumetric displays and photonics.

Topological nanophotonics for photoluminescence control

Publisher: arXiv

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.48550/ARXIV.2008.13328

Impact of Lanthanide Nanomaterials on Photonic Devices and Smart Applications

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 31-07-2018

DOI: 10.1002/SMLL.201801882

Abstract: Half a century after its initial emergence, lanthanide photonics is facing a profound remodeling induced by the upsurge of nanomaterials. Lanthanide-doped nanomaterials hold promise for bioapplications and photonic devices because they ally the unmatched advantages of lanthanide photophysical properties with those arising from large surface-to-volume ratios and quantum confinement that are typical of nanoobjects. Cutting-edge technologies and devices have recently arisen from this association and are in turn promoting nanophotonic materials as essential tools for a deeper understanding of biological mechanisms and related medical diagnosis and therapy, and as crucial building blocks for next-generation photonic devices. Here, the recent progress in the development of nanomaterials, nanotechnologies, and nanodevices for clinical uses and commercial exploitation is reviewed. The candidate nanomaterials with mature synthesis protocols and compelling optical uniqueness are surveyed. The specific fields that are directly driven by lanthanide doped nanomaterials are emphasized, spanning from in vivo imaging and theranostics, micro-/nanoscopic techniques, point-of-care medical testing, forensic fingerprints detection, to micro-LED devices.

Calibration beads containing luminescent lanthanide ion complexes

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 07-02-2008

DOI: 10.1117/12.762110

Upconversion nanoparticles assisted multi-photon fluorescence saturation microscopy

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 05-03-2019

DOI: 10.1117/12.2513733

Advances in single particle tracking in living cells

Publisher: Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.3788/CO.20181103.0281

Optical Fingerprint Classification of Single Upconversion Nanoparticles by Deep Learning

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 14-10-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.1C02923

PYCR1: A Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.7150/JCA.61498

Author Correction: One-step Conjugation of Glycyrrhetinic Acid to Cationic Polymers for High-performance Gene Delivery to Cultured Liver Cell

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 18-10-2023

DOI: 10.1038/S41598-023-44255-8

Fourier Channel Attention Powered Lightweight Network for Image Segmentation

Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Date: 2023

DOI: 10.1109/JTEHM.2023.3262841

Design and preparation of core–shell AP@HNS composites with high safety and excellent thermal decomposition performance

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.1039/D2RA01871C

Abstract: AP@HNS composites with core–shell structure were designed and prepared. This technology is expected to provide new ideas for designing and preparing solid propellants with high energy, low susceptibility, and excellent thermal decomposition performance.

Visible-light-sensitized highly luminescent europium nanoparticles: Preparation and application for time-gated luminescence bioimaging

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2009

DOI: 10.1039/B815999H

Reconstructing the Surface Structure of NaREF4Upconversion Nanocrystals with a Novel K⁺Treatment

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 22-03-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.0C04956

Ultrasensitive Ratiometric Nanothermometer with Large Dynamic Range and Photostability

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-11-2019

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.9B03466

Aspect Ratio of PEGylated Upconversion Nanocrystals Affects the Cellular Uptake

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.4007101

Multi-photon near-infrared emission saturation nanoscopy using upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 17-08-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-018-05842-W

Abstract: Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy (MPM), using near infrared excitation light, provides increased penetration depth, decreased detection background, and reduced phototoxicity. Using stimulated emission depletion (STED) approach, MPM can bypass the diffraction limitation, but it requires both spatial alignment and temporal synchronization of high power (femtosecond) lasers, which is limited by the inefficiency of the probes. Here, we report that upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can unlock a new mode of near-infrared emission saturation (NIRES) nanoscopy for deep tissue super-resolution imaging with excitation intensity several orders of magnitude lower than that required by conventional MPM dyes. Using a doughnut beam excitation from a 980 nm diode laser and detecting at 800 nm, we achieve a resolution of sub 50 nm, 1/20th of the excitation wavelength, in imaging of single UCNP through 93 μm thick liver tissue. This method offers a simple solution for deep tissue super resolution imaging and single molecule tracking.

Purification and characterization of a novel cold-adapted lipase from Burkholderia anthina NT15

Publisher: Academic Journals

Date: 16-08-2012

DOI: 10.5897/AJMR12.538

A Method for Rapid, Quantitative Evaluation of Particle Sorting in Microfluidics Using Basic Cytometry Equipment

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 29-03-2023

DOI: 10.3390/MI14040751

Abstract: This paper describes, in detail, a method that uses flow cytometry to quantitatively characterise the performance of continuous-flow microfluidic devices designed to separate particles. Whilst simple, this approach overcomes many of the issues with the current commonly utilised methods (high-speed fluorescent imaging, or cell counting via either a hemocytometer or a cell counter), as it can accurately assess device performance even in complex, high concentration mixtures in a way that was previously not possible. Uniquely, this approach takes advantage of pulse processing in flow cytometry to allow quantitation of cell separation efficiencies and resulting s le purities on both single cells as well as cell clusters (such as circulating tumour cell (CTC) clusters). Furthermore, it can readily be combined with cell surface phenotyping to measure separation efficiencies and purities in complex cell mixtures. This method will facilitate the rapid development of a raft of continuous flow microfluidic devices, will be helpful in testing novel separation devices for biologically relevant clusters of cells such as CTC clusters, and will provide a quantitative assessment of device performance in complex s les, which was previously impossible.

A Comprehensive Review on Intracellular Delivery.

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 16-02-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.202005363

Topological nanophotonics for photoluminescence control

Publisher: De Gruyter

Date: 25-05-2021

DOI: 10.1515/9783110710687-033

Microscopic inspection and tracking of single upconversion nanoparticles in living cells

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 26-01-2018

DOI: 10.1038/LSA.2018.7

Protocol of a study investigating breath-hold techniques for upper-abdominal radiation therapy (BURDIE): addressing the challenge of a moving target

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 30-10-2020

DOI: 10.1186/S13014-020-01688-Z

Abstract: Radiation therapy to upper abdominal sites is technically challenging due to motion of tumors and surrounding organs resulting from normal respiration. Breath-hold, using an Active Breathing Coordinator is one strategy used to reduce motion in these tumor sites. Though widely used, no studies have prospectively compared the different breath-hold techniques (inspiration, deep-inspiration and expiration) using ABC in the same patient cohort. Patients planned for radiation therapy to upper abdominal tumors are invited to participate in this prospective study. Participants attempt three breath hold techniques: inspiration, deep-inspiration and expiration breath-hold, in random order. kV fluoroscopy images of the dome of diaphragm are taken of five consecutive breath-holds in each technique. Reproducibility and stability of tumour position are measured, and used to select the technique with which to proceed to planning and treatment. Reproducibility at planning and each treatment fraction is measured, along with breath hold time, treatment efficiency and patient experience. The screening method was validated after the first three participants. This screening process may be able to select the best breath-hold technique for an in idual, which may lead to improved reproducibility. The screening process is being piloted as a prospective clinical trial. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR): 12618001691235. Registered 12th October 2018. www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=376109& isReview=true .

Probing the Interior Crystal Quality in the Development of More Efficient and Smaller Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 09-08-2016

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.6B01434

Abstract: Optical biomedical imaging using luminescent nanoparticles as contrast agents prefers small size, as they can be used at high dosages and efficiently cleared from body. Reducing nanoparticle size is critical for the stability and specificity for the fluorescence nanoparticles probes for in vitro diagnostics and subcellular imaging. The development of smaller and brighter upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) is accordingly a goal for complex imaging in bioenvironments. At present, however, small UCNPs are reported to exhibit less emission intensity due to increased surface deactivation and decreased number of dopants. Here we show that smaller and more efficient UCNPs can be made by improving the interior crystal quality via controlling heating rate during synthesis. We further developed a unique quantitative method for optical characterizations on the single UCNPs with varied sizes and the corresponding shell passivated UCNPs, confirming that the internal crystal quality dominates the relative emission efficiency of the UCNPs.

STED3D: point spread function simulation for high numerical aperture objective and resolution evaluation

Publisher: OSA

Date: 2013

DOI: 10.1364/BODA.2013.JT2A.39

Upconversion in NaYF₄:Yb, Er nanoparticles amplified by metal nanostructures

Publisher: IOP Publishing

Date: 19-07-2011

DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/32/325604

Topological nanophotonics for photoluminescence control

Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Date: 15-09-2020

DOI: 10.1515/NANOPH-2020-0374

Abstract: Rare-earth-doped nanocrystals are emerging light sources that can produce tunable emissions in colours and lifetimes, which has been typically achieved in chemistry and material science. However, one important optical challenge – polarization of photoluminescence – remains largely out of control by chemistry methods. Control over photoluminescence polarization can be gained via coupling of emitters to resonant nanostructures such as optical antennas and metasurfaces. However, the resulting polarization is typically sensitive to position disorder of emitters, which is difficult to mitigate. Recently, new classes of disorder-immune optical systems have been explored within the framework of topological photonics. Here we explore disorder-robust topological arrays of Mie-resonant nanoparticles for polarization control of photoluminescence of nanocrystals. We demonstrate polarized emission from rare-earth-doped nanocrystals governed by photonic topological edge states supported by zigzag arrays of dielectric resonators. We verify the topological origin of polarized photoluminescence by comparing emission from nanoparticles coupled to topologically trivial and nontrivial arrays of nanoresonators. We expect that our results may open a new direction in the study of topology-enable emission properties of topological edge states in many photonic systems.

Upconversion Nanocrystals Doped Glass: A New Paradigm for Integrated Optical Glass

Publisher: OSA

Date: 2016

DOI: 10.1364/ACOFT.2016.AM5C.7

Cortical tension drug screen links mitotic spindle integrity to Rho pathway

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2023

DOI: 10.1016/J.CUB.2023.09.022

808 nm photocontrolled UCL imaging guided chemo/photothermal synergistic therapy with single UCNPs-CuS@PAA nanocomposite

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2016

DOI: 10.1039/C5DT04857E

Abstract: Recently, incorporating multiple components into one nanostructured matrix to construct a multifunctional nanomedical platform has attracted more and more attention for simultaneous anticancer diagnosis and therapy.

Gut-derived lipopolysaccharide remodels tumoral microenvironment and synergizes with PD-L1 checkpoint blockade via TLR4/MyD88/AKT/NF-κB pathway in pancreatic cancer

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 30-10-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41419-021-04293-4

Abstract: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as an important inflammatory mediator activates the innate/adaptive immune system. The existence of LPS in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been reported, however, its biological function in PDAC remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that circulating and tumoral LPS was significantly increased by intestinal leakage in the orthotopic murine PDAC model, and LPS administration promoted T cell infiltration but exhaustion paradoxically in the subcutaneous murine PDAC model. By bioinformatic analysis, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), LPS receptor, was further found to enrich in immune tolerance signaling in PDAC tissues. Then, a significant positive correlation was found between TLR4 and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in clinical PDAC tissues, as well as serum LPS and tumoral PD-L1. Meanwhile, LPS stimulation in vitro and in vivo obviously upregulated tumor PD-L1 expression, and effectively promoted cancer cells resistance to T cell cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, the activation of TLR4/MyD88/AKT/NF-κB cascade was found to participate in LPS mediated PD-L1 transcription via binding to its promoter regions, which was enhanced by crosstalk between NF-κB and AKT pathways. Finally, PD-L1 blockade could significantly reverse LPS-induced immune escape, and synergized with LPS treatment. Taken together, LPS can remodel tumor microenvironment, and synergize with PD-L1 blockade to suppress tumor growth, which may be a promising comprehensive strategy for PDAC.

Cell-intrinsic PD-1 promotes proliferation in pancreatic cancer by targeting CYR61/CTGF via the hippo pathway.

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.CANLET.2019.06.013

Abstract: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a refractory disease. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) monotherapy has shown strong performance in targeting several malignancies. However, the effect and mechanism of intrinsic PD-1 in pancreatic cancer cells is still unknown. In this study, associations between clinicopathological characteristics and stained tissue microarrays of PDAC specimens were analyzed along with profiling and functional analyses. The results showed that cell-intrinsic PD-1 was significantly correlated with overall survival (OS). Independently of adaptive immunity, intrinsic PD-1 promoted tumor growth in PDAC. Concomitantly, the overexpression of intrinsic PD-1 enhanced cancer proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, PD-1 binds to the downstream MOB1, thereby inhibiting its phosphorylation. Moreover, greater synergistic tumor suppression in vitro resulted from combining Hippo inhibitors with anti-PD-1 treatment compared with the suppression achieved by either single agent alone. Additionally, Hippo downstream targets, CYR61 (CCN1) and CTGF (CCN2), were directly affected by PD-1 mediated Hippo signaling activation in concert with survival outcomes. Finally, the formulated nomogram showed superior predictive accuracy for OS in comparison with the TNM stage alone. Therefore, PD-1 immunotherapy in combination with Hippo pathway inhibitors may optimize the anti-tumor efficacy in PDAC patients via targeting cell-intrinsic PD-1.

One-Step Loading of Gold and Gd₂O₃ Nanoparticles within PEGylated Polyethylenimine for Dual Mode Computed Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 07-08-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACSABM.8B00265

Nanorods with multidimensional optical information beyond the diffraction limit

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 27-11-2020

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-19952-X

Abstract: Precise design and fabrication of heterogeneous nanostructures will enable nanoscale devices to integrate multiple desirable functionalities. But due to the diffraction limit (~200 nm), the optical uniformity and ersity within the heterogeneous functional nanostructures are hardly controlled and characterized. Here, we report a set of heterogeneous nanorods each optically active section has its unique nonlinear response to donut-shaped illumination, so that one can discern each section with super-resolution. To achieve this, we first realize an approach of highly controlled epitaxial growth and produce a range of heterogeneous structures. Each section along the nanorod structure displays tunable upconversion emissions, in four optical dimensions, including color, lifetime, excitation wavelength, and power dependency. Moreover, we demonstrate a 210 nm single nanorod as an extremely small polychromatic light source for the on-demand generation of RGB photonic emissions. This work benchmarks our ability toward the full control of sub-diffraction-limit optical ersities of single heterogeneous nanoparticles.

3D printing enables the rapid prototyping of modular microfluidic devices for particle conjugation

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.APMT.2020.100726

Advances in lanthanide bioprobes and high-throughput background-free biophotonics sensing

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 08-2011

DOI: 10.1109/IQEC-CLEO.2011.6194134

All-optical control and super-resolution imaging of quantum emitters in layered materials

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 28-02-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-018-03290-0

Abstract: Layered van der Waals materials are emerging as compelling two-dimensional platforms for nanophotonics, polaritonics, valleytronics and spintronics, and have the potential to transform applications in sensing, imaging and quantum information processing. Among these, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is known to host ultra-bright, room-temperature quantum emitters, whose nature is yet to be fully understood. Here we present a set of measurements that give unique insight into the photophysical properties and level structure of hBN quantum emitters. Specifically, we report the existence of a class of hBN quantum emitters with a fast-decaying intermediate and a long-lived metastable state accessible from the first excited electronic state. Furthermore, by means of a two-laser repumping scheme, we show an enhanced photoluminescence and emission intensity, which can be utilized to realize a new modality of far-field super-resolution imaging. Our findings expand current understanding of quantum emitters in hBN and show new potential ways of harnessing their nonlinear optical properties in sub-diffraction nanoscopy.

Mitochondrial dynamics quantitatively revealed by STED nanoscopy with an enhanced squaraine variant probe

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 24-07-2020

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-17546-1

Abstract: Mitochondria play a critical role in generating energy to support the entire lifecycle of biological cells, yet it is still unclear how their morphological structures evolve to regulate their functionality. Conventional fluorescence microscopy can only provide ~300 nm resolution, which is insufficient to visualize mitochondrial cristae. Here, we developed an enhanced squaraine variant dye (MitoESq-635) to study the dynamic structures of mitochondrial cristae in live cells with a superresolution technique. The low saturation intensity and high photostability of MitoESq-635 make it ideal for long-term, high-resolution (stimulated emission depletion) STED nanoscopy. We performed time-lapse imaging of the mitochondrial inner membrane over 50 min (3.9 s per frame, with 71.5 s dark recovery) in living HeLa cells with a resolution of 35.2 nm. The forms of the cristae during mitochondrial fusion and fission can be clearly observed. Our study demonstrates the emerging capability of optical STED nanoscopy to investigate intracellular physiological processes with nanoscale resolution for an extended period of time.

Stratified Disk Microrobots with Dynamic Maneuverability and Proton-Activatable Luminescence for in Vivo Imaging

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 29-10-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACSNANO.1C07431

Abstract: Microrobots can expand our abilities to access remote, confined, and enclosed spaces. Their potential applications inside our body are obvious,

Efficacy and toxicity comparison of nab-paclitaxel plus S-1 and nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer

Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Date: 03-2020

DOI: 10.1097/JP9.0000000000000038

Abstract: To compare efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (AG) with nab-paclitaxel plus S-1 (AS) as first-line treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer, we conducted a retrospective analysis by reviewing medical records of 53 metastatic pancreatic cancer patients in our institution. They received either AG (nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m 2 on days 1, 8 and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m 2 on days 1, 8) or AS (nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m 2 on days 1, 8 and S-1 80–120 mg on days 1–14) chemotherapy. We found that AS had higher objective response rate (36% vs 21.4%), better disease control rate (84% vs 75%), prolonged time to progression (TTP, 7.1 vs 5 months), and improved overall survival (OS, 15.3 vs 12 months) when compared with AG. In Cox proportional hazards model, sex was significantly associated with TTP ( P value = .031) and metastatic sites plus treatment after progression were significantly associated with OS ( P value = .028 and .01, respectively). The incidence rate of chemotherapy-related adverse events was similar in both groups. Neutropenia (50% and 60%, all grade 21.4% and 36%, grade 3 or 4, in AG and AS group) and sensory neuropathy (21.4% and 24%, all grade 3.6% and 4%, grade 3 or 4, in AG and AS group) were the most common hematologic and non-hematologic toxicity. Thus, we believed that AS is a reasonable and convenient alternative for patients treated with AG as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer.

A sustainable and green process based on froth flotation for effective recovery of combustibles from coking coal fines

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 12-07-2020

DOI: 10.1080/19392699.2020.1791837

Heterostructures with Built‐in Electric Fields for Long‐lasting Chemodynamic Therapy

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-03-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ANGE.202300356

Abstract: Sustained signal activation by hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) has great significance, especially for tumor treatment, but remains challenging. Here, a built‐in electric field (BIEF)‐driven strategy was proposed for sustainable generation of ⋅OH, thereby achieving long‐lasting chemodynamic therapy (LCDT). As a proof of concept, a novel Janus‐like Fe@Fe 3 O 4 −Cu 2 O heterogeneous catalyst was designed and synthesized, in which the BIEF induced the transfer of electrons in the Fe core to the surface, reducing ≡Cu 2+ to ≡Cu + , thus achieving continuous Fenton‐like reactions and ⋅OH release for over 18 h, which is approximately 12 times longer than that of Fe 3 O 4 −Cu 2 O and 72 times longer than that of Cu 2 O nanoparticles. In vitro and in vivo antitumor results indicated that sustained ⋅OH levels led to persistent extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) signal activation and irreparable oxidative damage to tumor cells, which promoted irreversible tumor apoptosis. Importantly, this strategy provides ideas for developing long‐acting nanoplatforms for various applications.

CW STED nanoscopy with a Ti:Sapphire oscillator

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 11-12-2012

DOI: 10.1117/12.2000807

Prognostic performance of qSOFA in oncology patients admitted to the emergency department with suspected infection

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 20-10-2021

DOI: 10.1111/AJCO.13422

Global Evolutionary History and Dynamics of Dengue Viruses Inferred from Whole Genome Sequences

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 28-03-2022

DOI: 10.3390/V14040703

Abstract: Dengue is an arboviral disease caused by dengue virus (DENV), leading to approximately 25,000 deaths/year and with over 40% of the world’s population at risk. Increased international travel and trade, poorly regulated urban expansion, and warming global temperatures have expanded the geographic range and incidence of the virus in recent decades. This study used phylogenetic and selection pressure analyses to investigate trends in DENV evolution, using whole genome coding sequences from publicly available databases alongside newly sequenced isolates collected between 1963–1997 from Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Results revealed very similar phylogenetic relationships when using the envelope gene and the whole genome coding sequences. Although DENV evolution is predominantly driven by negative selection, a number of amino acid sites undergoing positive selection were found across the genome, with the majority located in the envelope and NS5 genes. Some genotypes appear to be ersifying faster than others within each serotype. The results from this research improve our understanding of DENV evolution, with implications for disease control efforts such as Wolbachia-based biocontrol and vaccine design.

Bone disease imaging through the near-infrared-II window

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 09-10-2023

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-023-42001-2

Analytical description of high-aperture STED resolution with 0–2π vortex phase modulation

Publisher: The Optical Society

Date: 23-07-2013

DOI: 10.1364/JOSAA.30.001640

Prognostic value of preoperative glucose to lymphocyte ratio in patients with resected pancreatic cancer.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 21-09-2021

DOI: 10.1007/S10147-020-01782-Y

Emission stability and reversibility of upconversion nanocrystals

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2016

DOI: 10.1039/C6TC02990F

Abstract: We report the emission stability and reversibility of NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ ,Er 3+ core and core–shell nanocrystals at different temperatures and pH values.

Anisotropic surface quenching of upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 21-06-2023

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-3065166/V1

Abstract: Shape anisotropy at the nanoscale has emerged as a potent way to access new properties and functionalities of luminescent materials. While the controlled synthesis and precise characterization of the anisotropy-dependent properties are important challenges in nanoscience, success has recently been achieved in lanthanides doped nanoparticles. In particular, the lanthanides doped upconversion nanoparticles demonstrate an anisotropy-enabled set of unique and fine-tuned optical properties at the single nanoparticle level. However, it is still unclear how their optical properties relate to the behavior of surface ligands, a factor considered as a significant contribution to energy transfer in nanoparticles, thereby determining emission property. Here, we report a method that employs the splitting spectroscopy of single nanoparticles to reveal the surface ligands participated transition process of lanthanides, leading to a previously unknown exploration of quenching selectivity. We design a nanoplate to correlate its splitting transition intensity ratio with quenching selectivity, in which two polarization orthogonal splitting dipoles will interact with surface ligands selectively on the orthogonal facets. We verify this by implementing single dimensional particle growth to finely tune the quenching selectivity in a series of nanoplates and nanorods with controlled anisotropic aspect ratio. These findings offer insights into the way the surface regulates the ionic electron transition and contribute to the development of selective emissions in anisotropic nanoparticles.

LOSOM: phase relief imaging can be achieved with confocal system

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 11-12-2012

DOI: 10.1117/12.2000809

PCR-free paper-based nanobiosensing platform for visual detection of telomerase activity via gold enhancement

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.MICROC.2020.104594

Mechanisms of size-dependent lifetime quenching in luminescent upconverting colloidal NaYF 4:Yb, Er nanocrystals

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 08-2011

DOI: 10.1109/IQEC-CLEO.2011.6194145

Modular DNAzymes-Hydrogel Membrane Carriers for Highly Sensitive Isothermal Cross-Cascade Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria Nucleic Acids

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 24-08-2023

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.3C02725

IRF-2 is over-expressed in pancreatic cancer and promotes the growth of pancreatic cancer cells

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 26-11-2011

DOI: 10.1007/S13277-011-0273-3

Abstract: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant diseases in the world. Interferon regulator factor 2 (IRF-2), an interferon regulatory factor, has been known to act as an oncogene in distinct types of cancer. In this study, we found that the expression of IRF-2 was up-regulated in primary pancreatic cancer s les and associated with tumor size, differentiation, tumor-node-metastasis stage, and survival of the patients. In pancreatic cancer cells, knockdown on the expression of IRF-2 inhibited cell growth in the liquid culture and on the soft agar. Mechanistically, IRF-2 modulated the growth of pancreatic cancer cells through regulating proliferation and apoptosis effectors, such as cyclin D1 and BAX. Collectively, these results suggest that IRF-2 plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of pancreatic cancer and down-regulation of IRF-2 would be a new treatment target for pancreatic cancer.

Versatile Application of Fluorescent Quantum Dot Labels in Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 02-08-2016

DOI: 10.1021/ACSPHOTONICS.6B00178

Glass Fibers: Upconversion Nanocrystal‐Doped Glass: A New Paradigm for Photonic Materials (Advanced Optical Materials 10/2016)

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 10-2016

DOI: 10.1002/ADOM.201670052

Imaging chromatin interactions at sub-kilobase resolution Via Tn5-FISH

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 07-04-2019

DOI: 10.1101/601690

Abstract: There is increasing interest in understanding how the three-dimensional organization of the genome is regulated. Different strategies have been employed to identify chromatin interactions genome wide. However, due to the current limitations in resolving genomic contacts, visualization and validation of these genomic loci with sub-kilobase resolution remain the bottleneck for many years. Here, we describe Tn5 transposase-based Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (Tn5-FISH), a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based, cost-effective imaging method, which achieved the co-localization of genomic loci with sub-kilobase resolution, to fine dissect genome architecture at sub-kilobase resolution and to verify chromatin interactions detected by Chromatin Configuration Capture (3C)-derivative methods. Especially, Tn5-FISH is very useful to verify short-range chromatin interactions inside of contact domain and Topologically Associated Domain (TAD). It also offers one powerful molecular diagnosis tool for clinical detection of cytogenetic changes in cancers.

Preparation and time-gated luminescence bioimaging applications of long wavelength-excited silica-encapsulated europium nanoparticles

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2012

DOI: 10.1039/C2NR30233K

Abstract: Silica-encapsulated luminescent lanthanide nanoparticles have shown great potential as biolabels for various time-gated luminescence bio-detections in recent years. The main problem of these nano-biolabels is their short excitation wavelengths within the UV region. In this work, a new type of silica-encapsulated luminescent europium nanoparticle, with a wide excitation range from UV to visible light in aqueous solutions, has been prepared using a conjugate of (3-isocyanatopropyl)triethoxysilane bound to a visible light-excited Eu(3+) complex, 2,6-bis(1',1',1',2',2',3',3'-heptafluoro-4',6'-hexanedion-6'-yl)-dibenzothiophene-Eu(3+)-2-(N,N-diethylanilin-4-yl)-4,6-bis(pyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (IPTES-BHHD-Eu(3+)-BPT conjugate), as a functionalized precursor. The nanoparticles, which are prepared by the copolymerization of the IPTES-BHHD-Eu(3+)-BPT conjugate, tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane in a water-in-oil reverse microemulsion consisting of Triton X-100, n-octanol, cyclohexane and water in the presence of aqueous ammonia, are monodisperse, spherical and uniform in size. Their diameter is 42 ± 3 nm and they are strongly luminescent with a wide excitation range from UV to ∼475 nm and a long luminescence lifetime of 346 μs. The nanoparticles were successfully used for streptavidin labeling and the time-gated luminescence imaging detection of two environmental pathogens, cryptosporidium muris and cryptosporidium parvium, in water s les. The results demonstrated the practical utility of the new nanoparticles as visible light-excited biolabels for time-gated luminescence bioassay applications.

Systematic investigation of functional ligands for colloidal stable upconversion nanoparticles†

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.1039/C7RA13765F

Abstract: Here we quantitatively investigate the competitive adsorption of polymers bearing phosphate, carboxylic acid and sulphonic acid anchoring groups onto the surface of UCNPs and study their binding strength to identify the best conjugation strategy.

Learning from lanthanide complexes: The development of dye-lanthanide nanoparticles and their biomedical applications

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.CCR.2020.213642

Super‐Resolution Mapping of Single Nanoparticles inside Tumor Spheroids

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 14-01-2020

DOI: 10.1002/SMLL.201905572

Abstract: Cancer spheroids have structural, functional, and physiological similarities to the tumor, and have become a low-cost in vitro model to study the physiological responses of single cells and therapeutic efficacy of drugs. However, the tiny spheroid, made of a cluster of high-density cells, is highly scattering and absorptive, which prevents light microscopy techniques to reach the depth inside spheroids with high resolution. Here, a method is reported for super-resolution mapping of single nanoparticles inside a spheroid. It first takes advantage of the self-healing property of a "nondiffractive" doughnut-shaped Bessel beam from a 980 nm diode laser as the excitation, and further employs the nonlinear response of the 800 nm emission from upconversion nanoparticles, so that both excitation and emission at the near-infrared can experience minimal loss through the spheroid. These strategies lead to the development of a new nanoscopy modality with a resolution of 37 nm, 1/26th of the excitation wavelength. This method enables mapping of single nanoparticles located 55 µm inside a spheroid, with a resolution of 98 nm. It suggests a solution to track single nanoparticles and monitor their release of drugs in 3D multicellar environments.

Orthogonal Scanning Automated Microscopy Speeds Up Time-Gated Luminescence Detection

Publisher: OSA

Date: 2013

DOI: 10.1364/BODA.2013.JT2A.13

Helix Shape Power-Dependent Properties of Single Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 24-01-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.9B03838

Abstract: Nonblinking, nonbleaching, and superbright single upconversion nanoparticles have been recently discovered with nonlinear power-dependent properties and can be switchable under dual-beam excitations, which are ideal for super-resolution microscopy, single-molecule tracking, and digital assays. Here, we report that the brightness of Nd

Optimization of upconversion luminescence of Nd³⁺-sensitized BaGdF₅-based nanostructures and their application in dual-modality imaging and drug delivery

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2016

DOI: 10.1039/C5DT04191K

Abstract: Nd 3+ -sensitized BaGdF 5 :20%Yb 3+ /2%Er 3+ @BaGdF 5 :10%Yb 3+ @BaNdF 5 @BaGdF 5 nanoparticles for dual-model imaging and pH-triggered drug release.

View from. UPCON 2016: Bright future for upconversion

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 31-08-2016

DOI: 10.1038/NPHOTON.2016.160

Starch–borate–graphene oxide nanocomposites as highly efficient targeted antitumor drugs

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2015

DOI: 10.1039/C5RA17622K

Abstract: Novel antitumor drugs, compatible with normal cells but highly toxic against cancer cells, were prepared from starch–borate–graphene oxide (SBG) nanocomposites.

Nano‐Roughness‐Mediated Macrophage Polarization for Desired Host Immune Response

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 13-08-2023

DOI: 10.1002/SMSC.202300080

Abstract: Macrophage polarization is a significant event in the host immune response, which can be modulated by modifying the surface of a biomaterial. Previous studies have demonstrated the modulation of macrophage polarization using different surface features however, none of these studies reflect the effect of surface properties on unstimulated macrophage polarization for a prolonged period. To better understand the impact of surface features, in this work differentiated THP‐1 cells are employed to control macrophage polarization on nano‐rough surfaces for a duration of 7 days. Model nano‐rough substrates are fabricated by immobilizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of predetermined sizes (16, 38, 68 nm) on a 2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline thin film, followed by tailoring the outermost surface chemistry. All modified surfaces support high levels of cell adhesion and proliferation. Over time, the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines decreases, whereas the expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines increases on all modified surfaces. Similarly, pro‐inflammatory interleukin (IL)‐1β gene expression is downregulated, and anti‐inflammatory IL‐10‐gene expression is upregulated, regardless of the surface roughness. Analysis of cell morphology reveals that the predominant cell type on the modified surfaces exhibits M2 anti‐inflammatory phenotype. Herein, how surface features can modulate macrophage responses over an extended period is highlighted, offering insights for the development of future biomaterial implants.

Sporadic hemangioblastoma of the kidney: a rare renal tumor.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 05-2012

DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-49

Abstract: Hemangioblastoma is a benign and morphologically distinctive tumor that can occur sporadically or in association with von Hippel-Lindau disease in approximately 25% of the cases, and which involves the central nervous system in the majority of the cases. Rare occurrences of hemangioblastoma in peripheral nerves and extraneural tissues have been reported. This report describes one case of sporadic renal hemangioblastoma happened in a 16-year-old Chinese female patient, presenting with hematuria, and low back pain. Histologically, the tumors were circumscribed, and composed of sheets of large polygonal cells traversed by arborizing thin-walled blood vessels. The diagnosis of hemangioblastoma was confirmed by negative immunostaining for cytokeratin, and positive staining for α-inhibin, S100 and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). This benign neoplasm which can be mistaken for various malignancies such as renal cell carcinoma, epithelioid hemangiopericytoma and epithelioid angiomyolipoma, deserves wider recognition for its occurrence as a primary renal tumor. The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/5445834246942699

Spatiotemporally Mapping Thermodynamics of Lysosomes and Mitochondria using Cascade Organelle-Targeting Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 19-02-2022

DOI: 10.1101/2022.02.16.480800

Abstract: The intracellular metabolism of organelles, like lysosomes and mitochondria, are highly coordinated spatiotemporally and functionally. The activities of lysosomal enzymes significantly rely on the cytoplasmic temperature, and heat is constantly released by mitochondria as the byproduct of ATP generation during active metabolism. Here, we develop temperature-sensitive LysoDots and MitoDots to monitor the in situ thermodynamics of lysosomes and mitochondria. The design is based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with high-density surface modifications to achieve the exceptionally high sensitivity of 2.7% K -1 and accuracy of 0.8 K for nanothermometry to be used in living cells. We show the measurement is independent of the intracellular ion concentrations- and pH values. With Ca 2+ ion shock, the temperatures of both lysosomes and mitochondria increased by 2∼4 °C. Intriguingly, with Chloroquine treatment, the lysosomal temperature was observed to decrease by up to ∼3 °C, while mitochondria remained relatively stable. Lastly, with oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor treatment, we observed a 3∼7 °C thermal increase and transition from mitochondria to lysosomes. These observations indicate different metabolic pathways and thermal transitions between lysosomes and mitochondria inside HeLa cells. The nanothermometry probes provide a powerful tool for multi-modality functional imaging of subcellular organelles and interactions with high spatial, temporal and thermal dynamics resolutions. Cascade organelle-targeted nano-thermometers based on upconversion LysoDots and MitoDots.

Effect of dietary fiber and growth hormone on colonic adaptation in short bowel syndrome treated by enteral nutrition.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 09-05-2008

DOI: 10.1007/S00268-008-9611-Z

Abstract: Colon adaptation can partially compensate for the reduced capacity of nutrient absorption in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of combined treatment with enteral nutrition (EN), dietary fiber, and recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) on promoting colonic adaptation. A group of 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats undergoing up to 80% to 85% small intestine resection were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 rats each: enteral nutrition (EN, the control) enteral nutrition/dietary fiber (EF) enteral nutrition/rhGH (EG) and enteral nutrition/dietary fiber/rhGH (EFG). All groups received isonitrogenous, isocaloric enteral feeding for 21 days. Body weight, daily nitrogen balance, colonic morphology, DNA, insulin-like growth factor-1/IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1)/IGF-1R) expression were determined. Morphologic adaptation of the colon (including increased mucosal thickness and plica height, enlarged surface area, increased hyditloid cells) was observed on postoperative day 21. GH is superior to fiber in several aspects: increasing colon diameters (0.46 +/- 0.03 vs. 0.38 +/- 0.02 cm, P < 0.05), villous height (356 +/- 23 vs. 307 +/- 21 microm, P < 0.05) and total surface area (15,222 +/- 1344 vs. 13,178 +/- 1727 microm(2), P < 0.05). Increased DNA content-1.66 +/- 0.13 (EG) and 1.71 +/- 0.13 (EGF) vs. 1.28 +/- 0.11(EF), P < 0.05-in the colon was also found in the EG and EGF groups. GH administration led to a significant increase in plasma IGF-1 (439.6 +/- 88.3 ng/ml in the EG group, 455.4 +/- 107.4 ng/ml in the EGF group) and growth hormone (9.29 +/- 6.49 ng/ml in the EG group, 9.68 +/- 3.26 ng/ml in the EGF group) as compared to the EN group (IGF-1, 328.7 +/- 68.1 ng/ml GH, 5.81 +/- 2.41 ng/ml) and the EF group (IGF-1, 356.4 +/- 52.1 ng/ml GH, 6.51 +/- 4.66 ng/ml). Analysis of IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor mRNA also demonstrated a significantly higher IGF-1 mRNA in the EG and EFG groups than in the EN and EF groups. Colon functional adaptation was also associated with accelerated absorptive function of water in the EF, EG, and EGF groups. Improved nutritional status (body weight, nitrogen retention, plasma protein) were seen in the EG and EGF groups. Dietary fiber, in combination with growth factor, synergistically promoted colon adaptation in the SBS animal model and facilitated maintenance of daily nutritional needs in rodents.

Responsive Sensors of Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 08-12-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACSSENSORS.1C02101

Abstract: Upconversion nanoparticles are a class of luminescent materials that convert longer-wavelength near-infrared photons into visible and ultraviolet emissions. They can respond to various external stimuli, which underpins many opportunities for developing the next generation of sensing technologies. In this perspective, the unique stimuli-responsive properties of upconverting nanoparticles are introduced, and their recent implementations in sensing are summarized. Promising material development strategies for enhancing the key sensing merits, including intrinsic sensitivity, biocompatibility and modality, are identified and discussed. The outlooks on future technological developments, novel sensing concepts, and applications of nanoscale upconversion sensors are provided.

Heterochromatic Nonlinear Optical Responses in Upconversion Nanoparticles for Super‐Resolution Nanoscopy

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 17-04-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.202008847

Abstract: Point spread function (PSF) engineering by an emitter's response can code higher‐spatial‐frequency information of an image for microscopy to achieve super‐resolution. However, complexed excitation optics or repetitive scans are needed, which explains the issues of low speed, poor stability, and operational complexity associated with the current laser scanning microscopy approaches. Here, the erse emission responses of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are reported for super‐resolution nanoscopy to improve the imaging quality and speed. The method only needs a doughnut‐shaped scanning excitation beam at an appropriate power density. By collecting the four‐photon emission of single UCNPs, the high‐frequency information of a super‐resolution image can be resolved through the doughnut‐emission PSF. Meanwhile, the two‐photon state of the same nanoparticle is oversaturated, so that the complementary lower‐frequency information of the super‐resolution image can be simultaneously collected by the Gaussian‐like emission PSF. This leads to a method of Fourier‐domain heterochromatic fusion, which allows the extended capability of the engineered PSFs to cover both low‐ and high‐frequency information to yield optimized image quality. This approach achieves a spatial resolution of 40 nm, 1/24th of the excitation wavelength. This work suggests a new scope for developing nonlinear multi‐color emitting probes in super‐resolution nanoscopy.

Plasmonic platform based on nanoporous alumina membranes: order control via self-assembly

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1039/C8TA11374B

Abstract: A novel approach to significantly enhance and comprehensively assess the level of nanochannel ordering in self-assembled nanoporous membranes is proposed and tested.

Prognostic Effect of Age in Resected Pancreatic Cancer Patients: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Date: 31-03-2022

DOI: 10.3389/FONC.2022.789351

Abstract: While the elderly population account for an indispensable proportion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), these patients are underrepresented in clinical trials. Whether surgery offered the same benefit for elderly patients as that for younger cohort and which factors affected long-term outcome of elderly population remained unclear. This study aims to evaluate long-term prognosis of elderly PDAC patients (≥70 years old) after surgery and to investigate potential prognostic factors. This retrospective study included PDAC patients receiving radical resection from January 2012 to July 2019 in Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University. Patients were ided into young (& ) and old groups (≥70). Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to eliminate the confounding factors. We investigated potential prognostic factors via Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan–Meier estimator. Nomogram model and forest plot were constructed to illustrate the prognostic value of age. A total of 552 PDAC patients who received radical resection were included in this research. Elderly patients showed poorer nutritional status and were less likely to received adjuvant treatment. After matching, although age [hazard ratio (HR)=1.025, 95%CI 0.997–1.054 p=0.083] was not statistically significant in the multivariate cox regression analysis, further survival analysis showed that patients in the old group had poorer overall survival (OS) when compared with young group (p=0.039). Furthermore, reception of adjuvant chemotherapy (HR=0.411, 95%CI 0.201-0.837 p=0.014) was the only independent prognostic factor among elderly patients and could significantly improve OS. Subgroup analysis indicated that age had better prognostic value in PDAC patients with good preoperative nutritional status and relative low tumor burden. Finally, a prognostic prediction model contained age, reception of adjuvant chemotherapy, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th T and N stage was constructed and presented in nomogram, whose Harrell’s concordance index was 0.7478 (95%CI, 0.6960–0.7996). The calibration curves at 1 and 3 years indicated an optimal conformity between actual and nomogram-predicted survival probability in the PDAC patient who received surgery. The elderly PDAC patients were associated with worse OS survival after radical resection, and the noticeable negative effect of age was observed among PDAC patients with better preoperative nutritional status and less aggressive tumor biology. Adjuvant chemotherapy was essential to improve survival outcome of elderly PDAC patients following radical resection.

Refractometric sensors based on microsphere resonators

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Date: 10-11-2005

DOI: 10.1063/1.2132076

Abstract: We have developed a highly sensitive refractometric sensor based on fused silica microsphere resonators. The spectral position of the whispering gallery mode (WGM) of a sphere shifts in response to the refractive index change in the surrounding medium. The strong light-matter interaction due to the extremely high Q factor associated with the WGM results in a sensitivity of approximately 30nm∕RIU (refractive index units). This, together with the high spectral resolution of our sensor system (∼0.01pm), yields a detection limit of refractive index change on the order of 10−7RIU. Theoretical calculation is also performed and agrees well with the experimental data.

Rapid Softlithography Using 3D-Printed Molds

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-08-2019

DOI: 10.1002/ADMT.201900425

Topology-controlled Polarized Photoluminescence from Rare-earth Doped Nanocrystals

Publisher: Optica Publishing Group

Date: 2021

DOI: 10.1364/CLEO_SI.2021.STH5B.8

Abstract: We show topology-controlled polarization of photoluminescence from rare-earth doped nanocrystals using disorder-immune zigzag arrays of dielectric nanoparticles. Topological control is verified by comparing emission from nanocrystals deposited on trivial and nontrivial arrays of nanoparticles.

Mammary Tumor Organoid Culture in Non‐Adhesive Alginate for Luminal Mechanics and High‐Throughput Drug Screening

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 08-09-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADVS.202102418

Abstract: Mammary tumor organoids have become a promising in vitro model for drug screening and personalized medicine. However, the dependency on the basement membrane extract (BME) as the growth matrices limits their comprehensive application. In this work, mouse mammary tumor organoids are established by encapsulating tumor pieces in non‐adhesive alginate. High‐throughput generation of organoids in alginate microbeads is achieved utilizing microfluidic droplet technology. Tumor pieces within the alginate microbeads developed both luminal‐ and solid‐like structures and displayed a high similarity to the original fresh tumor in cellular phenotypes and lineages. The mechanical forces of the luminal organoids in the alginate capsules are analyzed with the theory of the thick‐wall pressure vessel (TWPV) model. The luminal pressure of the organoids increase with the lumen growth and can reach 2 kPa after two weeks’ culture. Finally, the mammary tumor organoids are treated with doxorubicin and latrunculin A to evaluate their application as a drug screening platform. It is found that the drug response is related to the luminal size and pressures of organoids. This high‐throughput culture for mammary tumor organoids may present a promising tool for preclinical drug target validation and personalized medicine.

Rotating Micromachines with Stratified Disk Architecture for Dynamic Bioanalysis

Publisher: MDPI

Date: 15-04-2021

DOI: 10.3390/MICROMACHINES2021-09572

Laser oblique scanning optical microscopy (LOSOM) for phase relief imaging

Publisher: The Optical Society

Date: 11-06-2012

DOI: 10.1364/OE.20.014100

CD25 and TGF-β blockade based on predictive integrated immune ratio inhibits tumor growth in pancreatic cancer

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 25-10-2018

DOI: 10.1186/S12967-018-1673-6

Induction of protective and therapeutic anti-pancreatic cancer immunity using a reconstructed MUC1 DNA vaccine.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 18-06-2009

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-191

Abstract: Pancreatic cancer is a common, highly lethal disease with a rising incidence. MUC1 is a tumor-associated antigen that is over-expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Active immunotherapy that targets MUC1 could have great treatment value. Here we investigated the preventive and therapeutic effect of a MUC1 DNA vaccine on the pancreatic cancer. MUC1-various tandem repeat units(VNTR) DNA vaccine was produced by cloning one repeat of VNTR and inserting the cloned gene into the pcDNA3.1. In the preventive group, female C57BL/6 mice were immunized with the vaccine, pcDNA3.1 or PBS and challenged with panc02-MUC1 or panc02 cell. In the therapeutic group the mice were challenged with panc02-MUC1 or panc02 cell, and then immunized with the vaccine, pcDNA3.1 or PBS. The tumor size and the survival time of the animals were compared between these groups. The DNA vaccine pcDNA3.1-VNTR could raise cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity specific for MUC1. In the preventive experiment, the mice survival time was significantly longer in the vaccine group than in the control groups ( P 0.05). In the therapeutic experiment, the DNA vaccine prolonged the survival time of the panc02-MUC1-bearing mice ( P 0.05). In both the preventive and therapeutic experiments, the tumor size was significantly less in the vaccine group than in the control groups ( P 0.05). This pcDNA3.1-VNTR vaccine, however, could not prevent the mice attacked by panc02 cells and had no therapeutic effect on the mice attacked by panc02 cells. The MUC1 DNA vaccine pcDNA3.1-VNTR could induce a significant MUC1-specific CTL response and had both prophylactic and therapeutic effect on panc02-MUC1 tumors. This vaccine might be used as a new adjuvant strategy against pancreatic cancer.

Upconverted excitation energy lock-in for deep-ultraviolet enhancement

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 28-10-2020

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-88155/V1

Abstract: Photon upconversion of near-infrared (NIR) irradiation into deep-ultraviolet (UV) emission offers many exciting opportunities for drug release in deep tissues, photodynamic therapy, solid-state lasing, energy storage, and photocatalysis. However, NIR-to-deep-UV upconversion remains a daunting challenge due to low quantum efficiency. Here, we report an unusual six-photon upconversion process in Gd3+/Tm3+-codoped nanoparticles comprising a heterogeneous, core-multishell nanostructure. This multishell design efficiently suppresses energy consumption induced by interior energy traps, maximizes cascade sensitizations of the NIR excitation, and promotes upconverted deep-UV emission from high-lying excited states. We released the intense six-photon-upconverted UV emissions at 253 nm under 808-nm excitation. This work provides new insight into mechanistic understanding of the upconversion process within the heterogeneous architecture, while offering exciting opportunities for developing nanoscale deep-UV emitters that can be remotely controlled in deep tissues upon NIR illumination.

Developing red-emissive ruthenium(II) complex-based luminescent probes for cellular imaging

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 30-03-2012

DOI: 10.1021/BC200506W

Abstract: Ruthenium(II) complexes have rich photophysical attributes, which enable novel design of responsive luminescence probes to selectively quantify biochemical analytes. In this work, we developed a systematic series of Ru(II)-bipyrindine complex derivatives, [Ru(bpy)(3-n)(DNP-bpy)(n)](PF(6))(2) (n = 1, 2, 3 bpy, 2,2'-bipyridine DNP-bpy, 4-(4-(2,4-dinitrophenoxy)phenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine), as luminescent probes for highly selective and sensitive detection of thiophenol in aqueous solutions. The specific reaction between the probes and thiophenol triggers the cleavage of the electron acceptor group, 2,4-dinitrophenyl, eliminating the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process, so that the luminescence of on-state complexes, [Ru(bpy)(3-n)(HP-bpy)(n)](2+) (n = 1, 2, 3 HP-bpy, 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine), is turned on. We found that the complex [Ru(bpy)(DNP-bpy)(2)](2+) remarkably enhanced the on-to-off contrast ratio compared to the other two (37.8 compared to 21 and 18.7). This reveals a new strategy to obtain the best Ru(II) complex luminescence probe via the most asymmetric structure. Moreover, we demonstrated the practical utility of the complex as a cell-membrane permeable probe for quantitative luminescence imaging of the dynamic intracellular process of thiophenol in living cells. The results suggest that the new probe could be a very useful tool for luminescence imaging analysis of the toxic thiophenol in intact cells.

High-Contrast Visualization of Upconversion Luminescence in Mice Using Time-Gating Approach

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 08-03-2016

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.5B04626

Abstract: Optical imaging through the near-infrared (NIR) window provides deep penetration of light up to several centimeters into biological tissues. Capable of emitting 800 nm luminescence under 980 nm illumination, the recently developed upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) suggest a promising optical contrast agent for in vivo bioimaging. However, presently they require high-power lasers to excite when applied to small animals, leading to significant scattering background that limits the detection sensitivity as well as a detrimental thermal effect. In this work, we show that the time-gating approach implementing pulsed illumination from a NIR diode laser and time-delayed imaging synchronized via an optical chopper offers detection sensitivity more than 1 order of magnitude higher than the conventional approach using optical band-pass filters (S/N, 47321/6353 vs 5339/58), when imaging UCNPs injected into Kunming mice. The pulsed laser illumination (70 μs ON in 200 μs period) also reduces the overall thermal accumulation to 35% of that under the continuous-wave mode. Technical details are given on setting up the time-gating unit comprising an optical chopper, a pinhole, and a microscopy eyepiece. Being generally compatible with any camera, this provides a convenient and low cost solution to NIR animal imaging using UCNPs as well as other luminescent probes.

Patterns of health services utilization in the last two weeks of life among cancer patients

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 11-07-2017

DOI: 10.1111/AJCO.12701

Abstract: To report the trend in end-of-life health services (HS) utilization among cancer patients treated in a large Australian academic cancer center over a 12-year period. This is a retrospective study of cancer patients treated at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (PMCC), who had documented death between January 2002 and December 2013. Using administrative and billing database, we report on the utilization of different categories of HS within two weeks of death: diagnostic investigations (pathology and radiology), inpatient and outpatient services, and potentially futile interventions (PFI, which include radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery). Of the 27 926 "active" cancer patients in the study (i.e. those with medical contact at PMCC in the last year of life), 6368 (23%) had documented HS utilization within two weeks of death. 11% and 9% had pathology and radiology investigations respectively, 14% had outpatient clinic appointments, and 7% had hospital admissions. There were 2654 patients (10%) who had PFI within two weeks of death - 2198 (8%) had radiotherapy, 287 (1%) chemotherapy and 267 (1%) surgery. We observed peak HS and PFI utilization in 2004, which then dropped to its lowest in 2009/2010. Experience in an Australian cancer center suggests approximately one in four "active" cancer patients had HS utilization, and one in ten had PFI, within two weeks of death. The implementation of palliative care guidelines may reduce some of these potentially wasteful and futile interventions.

Time-gated flow cytometry: An ultra-high selectivity method to recover ultra-rare-event μ-targets in high-background biosamples

Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng

Date: 2009

DOI: 10.1117/1.3103770

Abstract: A fundamental problem for rare-event cell analysis is auto-fluorescence from nontarget particles and cells. Time-gated flow cytometry is based on the temporal-domain discrimination of long-lifetime (>1 micros) luminescence-stained cells and can render invisible all nontarget cell and particles. We aim to further evaluate the technique, focusing on detection of ultra-rare-event 5-microm calibration beads in environmental water dirt s les. Europium-labeled 5-microm calibration beads with improved luminescence homogeneity and reduced aggregation were evaluated using the prototype UV LED excited time-gated luminescence (TGL) flow cytometer (FCM). A BD FACSAria flow cytometer was used to sort accurately a very low number of beads (<100 events), which were then spiked into concentrated s les of environmental water. The use of europium-labeled beads permitted the demonstration of specific detection rates of 100%+/-30% and 91%+/-3% with 10 and 100 target beads, respectively, that were mixed with over one million nontarget autofluorescent background particles. Under the same conditions, a conventional FCM was unable to recover rare-event fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) calibration beads. Preliminary results on Giardia detection are also reported. We have demonstrated the scientific value of lanthanide-complex biolabels in flow cytometry. This approach may augment the current method that uses multifluorescence-channel flow cytometry gating.

Upconversion nanoparticle‐assisted single‐molecule assay for detecting circulating antigens of aggressive prostate cancer

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 03-10-2022

DOI: 10.1002/CYTO.A.24504

Abstract: Sensitive and quantitative detection of molecular biomarkers is crucial for the early diagnosis of diseases like metabolic syndrome and cancer. Here we present a single‐molecule sandwich immunoassay by imaging the number of single nanoparticles to diagnose aggressive prostate cancer. Our assay employed the photo‐stable upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as labels to detect the four types of circulating antigens in blood circulation, including glypican‐1 (GPC‐1), leptin, osteopontin (OPN), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), as their serum concentrations indicate aggressive prostate cancer. Under a wide‐field microscope, a single UCNP doped with thousands of lanthanide ions can emit sufficiently bright anti‐Stokes' luminescence to become quantitatively detectable. By counting every single streptavidin‐functionalized UCNP which specifically labeled on each sandwich immune complex across multiple fields of views, we achieved the Limit of Detection (LOD) of 0.0123 ng/ml, 0.2711 ng/ml, 0.1238 ng/ml, and 0.0158 ng/ml for GPC‐1, leptin, OPN and VEGF, respectively. The serum circulating level of GPC‐1, leptin, OPN, and VEGF in a mixture of 10 healthy normal human serum was 25.17 ng/ml, 18.04 ng/ml, 11.34 ng/ml, and 1.55 ng/ml, which was within the assay dynamic detection range for each analyte. Moreover, a 20% increase of GPC‐1 and OPN was observed by spiking the normal human serum with recombinant antigens to confirm the accuracy of the assay. We observed no cross‐reactivity among the four biomarker analytes, which eliminates the false positives and enhances the detection accuracy. The developed single upconversion nanoparticle‐assisted single‐molecule assay suggests its potential in clinical usage for prostate cancer detection by monitoring tiny concentration differences in a panel of serum biomarkers.

Lactate dehydrogenase A is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and promotes the growth of pancreatic cancer cells.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 13-02-2013

DOI: 10.1007/S13277-013-0679-1

Abstract: The prognosis for pancreatic cancer is very poor, and developing new therapeutic strategies for this cancer is needed. Recently, the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis) has attracted much attention for its function in the tumorigenesis. Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) executes the final step of aerobic glycolysis and has been reported to be involved in the tumor progression. However, the function of LDHA in pancreatic cancer has not been studied. Here, we found that the expression of LDHA was elevated in the clinical pancreatic cancer s les. Forced expression of LDHA promoted the growth of pancreatic cancer cells, while knocking down the expression of LDHA inhibited cell growth dramatically. Moreover, silencing the expression of LDHA inhibited the tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cells in vivo. Mechanistically, knocking down the expression of LDHA activated apoptosis pathway. Taken together, our study revealed the oncogenic role of LDHA in pancreatic cancer and suggested that LDHA might be a potential therapeutic target.

Calibration beads containing luminescent lanthanide ion complexes

Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng

Date: 2009

DOI: 10.1117/1.3103646

Abstract: The reliability of lanthanide luminescence measurements, by both flow cytometry and digital microscopy, would be enhanced by the availability of narrowband emitting, UV excited lanthanide calibration beads. 0.5-, 3-, and 5-microm beads containing a luminescent europium-complex are manufactured. The luminescence distribution of the 5-microm beads is measured with a time-delayed light-scatter-gated luminescence flow cytometer to have a 7.0% coefficient of variation (CV) The spacial distribution of the europium-complex in in idual beads is determined to be homogeneous by confocal microscopy. Emission peaks are found at 592, 616 (width 9.9 nm), and 685 nm with a PARISS spectrophotometer. The kinetics of the luminescence bleaching caused by UV irradiation of the 0.5- and 5-microm beads measured under LED excitation with a fluorescence microscope indicate that bleaching does not interfere with their imaging. The luminescence lifetimes in water and air were 340 and 460 micros, respectively. Thus, these 5-microm beads can be used for spectral calibration of microscopes equipped with a spectrograph, as test particles for time-delayed luminescence flow cytometers, and possibly as labels for macromolecules and cells.

Quantitative Point of Care Tests for Timely Diagnosis of Early‐Onset Preeclampsia with High Sensitivity and Specificity

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 15-05-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ANGE.202301193

Abstract: Preecl sia is a heterogeneous and multiorgan cardiovascular disorder of pregnancy. Here, we report the development of a novel strip‐based lateral flow assay (LFA) using lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles conjugated to antibodies targeting two different biomarkers for detection of preecl sia. We first measured circulating plasma FKBPL and CD44 protein concentrations from in iduals with early‐onset preecl sia (EOPE), using ELISA. We confirmed that the CD44/FKBPL ratio is reduced in EOPE with a good diagnostic potential. Using our rapid LFA prototypes, we achieved an improved lower limit of detection: 10 pg ml −1 for FKBPL and 15 pg ml −1 for CD44, which is more than one order lower than the standard ELISA method. Using clinical s les, a cut‐off value of 1.24 for CD44/FKBPL ratio provided positive predictive value of 100 % and the negative predictive value of 91 %. Our LFA shows promise as a rapid and highly sensitive point‐of‐care test for preecl sia.

IL-1β Is Upregulated in the Diabetic Retina and Retinal Vessels: Cell-Specific Effect of High Glucose and IL-1β Autostimulation

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 16-05-2012

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0036949

Confocal Reflectance/Auto-Fluorescence Tomograpy (CRAFT) for Early Skin Cancer Diagnosis

Publisher: OSA

Date: 2012

DOI: 10.1364/BIOMED.2012.BTU3A.48

Choosing Wisely in radiation therapy for breast cancer: Time lag in adoption of hypofractionated radiation therapy in Victoria

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 16-02-2021

DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.13155

Reversible and Sensitive Hg²⁺ Detection by a Cell-Permeable Ytterbium Complex

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 11-12-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.INORGCHEM.7B02243

Abstract: A cell-permeable ytterbium complex shows reversible binding with Hg

Coding and decoding stray magnetic fields for multiplexing kinetic bioassay platform

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.1039/D0LC00848F

Abstract: The stray magnetic fields of hierarchically-assembled magnetic beads are utilised to code and decode information for multiplexed kinetic assays.

RETRACTED: Low-expressed GAS5 injure myocardial cells and progression of chronic heart failure via regulation of miR-223-3P

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.YEXMP.2020.104529

Giant nonlinearity in upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 14-07-2022

DOI: 10.1038/S41566-022-01043-6

High-Precision Pinpointing of Luminescent Targets in Encoder-Assisted Scanning Microscopy Allowing High-Speed Quantitative Analysis

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 28-12-2015

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.5B03767

Abstract: Compared with routine microscopy imaging of a few analytes at a time, rapid scanning through the whole s le area of a microscope slide to locate every single target object offers many advantages in terms of simplicity, speed, throughput, and potential for robust quantitative analysis. Existing techniques that accommodate solid-phase s les incorporating in idual micrometer-sized targets generally rely on digital microscopy and image analysis, with intrinsically low throughput and reliability. Here, we report an advanced on-the-fly stage scanning method to achieve high-precision target location across the whole slide. By integrating X- and Y-axis linear encoders to a motorized stage as the virtual "grids" that provide real-time positional references, we demonstrate an orthogonal scanning automated microscopy (OSAM) technique which can search a coverslip area of 50 × 24 mm(2) in just 5.3 min and locate in idual 15 μm lanthanide luminescent microspheres with standard deviations of 1.38 and 1.75 μm in X and Y directions. Alongside implementation of an autofocus unit that compensates the tilt of a slide in the Z-axis in real time, we increase the luminescence detection efficiency by 35% with an improved coefficient of variation. We demonstrate the capability of advanced OSAM for robust quantification of luminescence intensities and lifetimes for a variety of micrometer-scale luminescent targets, specifically single down-shifting and upconversion microspheres, crystalline microplates, and color-barcoded microrods, as well as quantitative suspension array assays of biotinylated-DNA functionalized upconversion nanoparticles.

A single-cell based mass cytometry study on heterogeneous interactions between upconversion nanoparticles and human immune cells

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2023

DOI: 10.1039/D2EN00821A

Abstract: The interaction of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with peripheral blood mononuclear cells was investigated using single-cell mass cytometry (CyTOF).

Three-dimensional controlled growth of monodisperse sub-50 nm heterogeneous nanocrystals

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 08-01-2016

DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS10254

Abstract: The ultimate frontier in nanomaterials engineering is to realize their composition control with atomic scale precision to enable fabrication of nanoparticles with desirable size, shape and surface properties. Such control becomes even more useful when growing hybrid nanocrystals designed to integrate multiple functionalities. Here we report achieving such degree of control in a family of rare-earth-doped nanomaterials. We experimentally verify the co-existence and different roles of oleate anions (OA − ) and molecules (OAH) in the crystal formation. We identify that the control over the ratio of OA − to OAH can be used to directionally inhibit, promote or etch the crystallographic facets of the nanoparticles. This control enables selective grafting of shells with complex morphologies grown over nanocrystal cores, thus allowing the fabrication of a erse library of monodisperse sub-50 nm nanoparticles. With such programmable additive and subtractive engineering a variety of three-dimensional shapes can be implemented using a bottom–up scalable approach.

Video-rate upconversion display from optimized lanthanide ion doped upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.1039/D0NR03076G

Abstract: A method for video-rate display with optimized single UCNP brightness by integrating the full emission intensity over excitation time and lifetime.

DNA-mediated anisotropic silica coating of upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.1039/C8CC04200D

Abstract: We report a facile approach of using DNA molecules as switches to selectively activate silica coating onto specific facets of upconversion nanoparticles.

Highly Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles for In Vivo Applications Under Mild Excitation Power

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 29-07-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.0C02143

808 nm Light-triggered and hyaluronic acid-targeted dual-photosensitizers nanoplatform by fully utilizing Nd3+-sensitized upconversion emission with enhanced anti-tumor efficacy

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOMATERIALS.2016.05.024

Abstract: The current near-infrared (NIR) light-induced photodynamic therapy (PDT) can enhance the tissue penetration depth to trigger photosensitizers (PSs) far from the surface. NIR-mediated PDT is still challenged by overheating effect on normal tissues, limited tumor selectivity and low reactive oxygen species (ROS) yields. Here we construct a dual-agent photosensitizing nanoplatform by combining UV-blue upconversion emitting NaYF4:Yb/Tm@NaYF4:Yb@NaNdF4:Yb@NaYF4 (labeled as UCNPs) multi-shell nanocrystals with titanium dioxide (TiO2, UV-light-excited PS) and hypocrellin A (HA, blue-light-excited PS), which can induce cancer cell apoptosis by 808 nm light-triggered and hyaluronic acid (Hyal)-targeted PDT. In this construction strategy, the crystallized TiO2 shells on the surface of UCNPs can play dual roles as UV-light excited PS and conjugation site for Hyal, and then Hyal is served as targeting-ligand as well as the carrier of HA simultaneously. The step-by-step reactive mode of loading PSs and modifying targeting-ligands is a controllable and ordered design based on the use of one intermediate product as the reaction site for the next component. The Nd(3+)-sensitized UCNPs with quenching reduction layer can efficiently convert 808 nm NIR light to UV-blue emission for simultaneous activation of two PSs with enhanced intracellular ROS generation. Through the in vitro and in vivo experiment results, the dual-photosensitizers nanoplatform presents enhanced anti-tumor efficacy by effective targeting cellular uptake and taking full advantage of upconversion emission, which may make a major step toward next generation of NIR-mediated PDT.

Quantitative Lateral Flow Strip Sensor Using Highly Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 18-10-2018

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.8B04330

Abstract: Paper-based lateral flow assays, though being low-cost and widely used for rapid in vitro diagnostics, are indicative and do not provide sufficient sensitivity for the detection and quantification of low abundant biomarkers for early stage cancer diagnosis. Here, we design a compact device to create a focused illumination spot with high irradiance, which activates a range of highly doped 50 nm upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to produce orders of magnitude brighter emissions. The device employs a very low-cost laser diode, simplified excitation, and collection optics and permits a mobile phone camera to record the results. Using highly erbium ion (Er

Thermally enhanced NIR–NIR anti-Stokes emission in rare earth doped nanocrystals

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1039/C9NR03041G

Abstract: Surface phonons enhancing the one-photon anti-Stokes fluorescence has been demonstrated in rare earth doped nanocrystals.

A homogeneous DNA assay by recovering inhibited emission of rare earth ions-doped upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.JRE.2018.05.008

Connective tissue growth factor enhances the migration of gastric cancer through downregulation of E‐cadherin via the NF‐κB pathway

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-10-2010

DOI: 10.1111/J.1349-7006.2010.01746.X

Abstract: Local invasion and distant metastasis are difficult problems for surgical intervention and treatment in gastric cancer. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) was considered to have an important role in this process. In this study, we demonstrated that expression of CTGF was significantly upregulated in clinical tissue s les of gastric carcinoma (GC) s les. Forced expression of CTGF in AGS GC cells promoted their migration in culture and significantly increased tumor metastasis in nude mice, whereas RNA interference-mediated knockdown of CTGF in GC cells significantly inhibited cell migration in vitro. We disclose that CTGF downregulated the expression of E-cadherin through activation of the nuclear factor-κappa B (NF-κB) pathway. The effects of CTGF in GC cells were abolished by dominant negative IκappaB. Collectively, these data reported here demonstrate CTGF could modulate the NF-κappaB pathway and perhaps be a promising therapeutic target for gastric cancer invasion and metastasis.

Management of large renal stones with super‐mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy: an international multicentre comparative study

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 25-05-2020

DOI: 10.1111/BJU.15066

Abstract: To comparatively evaluate the clinical outcomes of super‐mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SMP) and mini‐percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Miniperc) for treating urinary tract calculi of cm. An international multicentre, retrospective cohort study was conducted at 20 tertiary care hospitals across five countries (China, the Philippines, Qatar, UK, and Kuwait) between April 2016 and May 2019. SMP and Miniperc were performed in 3525 patients with renal calculi with diameters of cm. The primary endpoint was the stone‐free rate (SFR). The secondary outcomes included: blood loss, operating time, postoperative pain scores, auxiliary procedures, complications, tubeless rate, and hospital stay. Propensity score matching analysis was used to balance the selection bias between the two groups. In all, 2012 and 1513 patients underwent SMP and Miniperc, respectively. After matching, 1380 patients from each group were included for further analysis. Overall, there was no significant difference in the mean operating time or SFR between the two groups. However, the hospital stay and postoperative pain score were significantly in favour of SMP (both P 0.001). The tubeless rate was significantly higher in the SMP group (72.6% vs 57.8%, P 0.001). Postoperative fever was much more common in the Miniperc group (12.0% vs 8.4%, P = 0.002). When the patients were further classified into three subgroups based on stones diameters (2–3, 3–4, and cm). The advantages of SMP were most obvious in the 2–3 cm stone group and diminished as the size of the stone increased, with longer operating time in the latter two subgroups. Compared with Miniperc, the SFR of SMP was comparable for 3–4 cm stones, but lower for cm stones. There was no statistical difference in blood transfusions and renal embolisations between the two groups. Our data showed that SMP is an ideal treatment option for stones of cm and is more efficacious for stones of 2–3 cm, with lesser postoperative fever, blood loss, and pain compared to Miniperc. SMP was less effective for stones of cm, with a prolonged operating time.

Sensitive Time-Gated Immunoluminescence Detection of Prostate Cancer Cells Using a TEGylated Europium Ligand

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 15-09-2016

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.6B02191

Abstract: We describe the application of a synthetically developed tetradentate β-diketonate-europium chelate with high quantum yield (39%), for sensitive immunodetection of prostate cancer cells (DU145). MIL38 antibody, a mouse monoclonal antibody against Glypican 1, conjugated directly to the chelate via lysine residues, resulted in soluble (hydrophilic) and stable immunoconjugates. Indirect labeling of the antibody by a europium chelated secondary polyclonal antibody and a streptavidin/biotin pair was also performed. All of these bright luminescent conjugates were used to stain DU145 cells, a prostate cancer cell line, using time gated luminescence microscopy for imaging, and their performances were compared to conventional FITC labeling. For all prepared conjugates, the europium chelate in conjunction with a gated autosynchronous luminescence detector (GALD) completely suppressed the cellular autofluorescence background to allow capture of vivid, high contrast images of immune-stained cancer cells.

Biological diagnosis based on microfluidics and nanotechnology

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 27-12-2020

DOI: 10.1002/9783527818341.CH7

Silica shell-assisted synthetic route for mono-disperse persistent nanophosphors with enhanced in vivo recharged near-infrared persistent luminescence

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 27-01-2017

DOI: 10.1007/S12274-016-1396-Z

An integrin αIIbβ3 intermediate affinity state mediates biomechanical platelet aggregation

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 25-03-2019

DOI: 10.1038/S41563-019-0323-6

Optimal Sensitizer Concentration in Single Upconversion Nanocrystals.

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-2017

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.6B05331

Abstract: Each single upconversion nanocrystal (UCNC) usually contains thousands of photon sensitizers and hundreds of photon activators to up-convert near-infrared photons into visible and ultraviolet emissions. Though in principle further increasing the sensitizers' concentration will enhance the absorption efficiency to produce brighter nanocrystals, typically 20% of Yb

Recent Progress in DNA Hybridization Chain Reaction Strategies for Amplified Biosensing

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 10-08-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.1C09000

UV LED excited time-gated luminescence flow cytometry: Evaluation for rare-event particle counting

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 07-02-2008

DOI: 10.1117/12.762077

Ultra-high spatio-temporal resolution imaging with parallel acquisition-readout structured illumination microscopy (PAR-SIM)

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 28-10-2023

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-3371882/V1

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis-related factors of resectable pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a retrospective study of 104 cases in a single Chinese center.

Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)

Date: 05-2014

DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0000000000000065

Tunable lifetime multiplexing using luminescent nanocrystals

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 15-12-2014

DOI: 10.1038/NPHOTON.2013.322

Publisher Correction: High-sensitivity imaging of time-domain near-infrared light transducer

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 19-06-2019

DOI: 10.1038/S41566-019-0491-6

Cytometry and analytical methods in COVID ‐19 diagnostics and potential treatment: A special issue on Cytometry Part A

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-2023

DOI: 10.1002/CYTO.A.24719

Controlling the Biological Behaviors of Polymer-Coated Upconverting Nanoparticles by Adjusting the Linker Length of Estrone Ligands

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 18-05-2022

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.BIOMAC.2C00265

Abstract: The estrone ligand is used for modifying nanoparticle surfaces to improve their targeting effect on cancer cell lines. However, to date, there is no common agreement on the ideal linker length to be used for the optimum targeting performance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of poly(poly ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMEMA) linker length on the cellular uptake behavior of polymer-coated upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs). Different

Refractometric characterization of microsphere resonator based optical sensors

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 2005

DOI: 10.1109/ICSENS.2005.1597805

Super-resolution fluorescence polarization microscopy and its biological applications

Publisher: Optica Publishing Group

Date: 2021

DOI: 10.1364/ACPC.2021.T2G.3

Abstract: Fluorescent dipoles reflect the spatial orientation of the fluorophores, which indicates structural information of the targeted proteins. Imaging of fluorescent dipoles has been widely applied in structural research of cell membranes, biological filaments, and macromolecules. However, it suffers from the Abbe's diffraction limit, which deteriorates the imaging accuracy of both position and orientation of the fluorescent dipoles. Recently we developed several super-resolution tools to image the molecular orientation of fluorophores, including super-resolution dipole orientation mapping (SDOM) [1] and polarized structured illumination microscopy (pSIM) [2]. Our techniques model the fluorophores in the spatio-angular domain, describing both their position and orientation, which adds not only further super-resolution but also valuable biological insights. For the first time, our technique revealed the “side-by­side” organization the actin filaments in the “actin ring” structure of Membrane- associated Periodic Structure (MPS) in hippoc al neurons. Together with spectral detection, we also uncover the lipid heterogeneities of ten subcellular compartments [3], during different developmental stages of organelles, and even within the same organelle. The versatile applications of our technique suggest the broad application of super-resolution fluorescence polarization in future biological research.

Upconversion Nanoparticles: Heterochromatic Nonlinear Optical Responses in Upconversion Nanoparticles for Super‐Resolution Nanoscopy (Adv. Mater. 23/2021)

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.202170182

Europium chelate (BHHCT-Eu3+) and its metal nanostructure enhanced luminescence applied to bioassays and time-gated bioimaging

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 20-04-2010

DOI: 10.1021/LA100158G

Abstract: We report the use of europium chelate, 4,4'-bis(1'',1'',1'',2'',2'',3'',3''-heptafluoro-4'',6''-hexanedion-6''-yl)chlorosulfo-o-terphenyl-Eu(3+) (BHHCT-Eu(3+)), in silver nanostructure-enhanced luminescence and its application to bioassays and bioimaging. The highest luminescence intensity enhancement factor of BHHCT-Eu(3+) achieved in this study was about 11 times, while the simultaneously measured luminescence lifetime was reduced 2-fold. The luminophore photostability was also improved by a factor of 3. On the basis of these experimental results, we estimated the impact of silver nanostructures on the excitation and emission enhancement factors. Luminescence enhancement was demonstrated in two geometries: on planar glass substrates and on silica beads. In the biotin-modified IgG antibody assay the bead geometry provided slightly higher enhancement factor and greater sensitivity. Subsequently, we applied such bead substrates to time-gated luminescence imaging of Giardia lamblia cells stained by BHHCT-Eu(3+) where we observed improved brightness by a factor of 2. Such improved photostability and brightness of BHHCT-Eu(3+) in the presence of metal nanostructures are highly desirable for ultrasensitive bioassays and bioimaging, especially with time gating.

Primary small cell carcinoma of the pancreas: rare type of pancreatic cancer and review of the literatures.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 08-02-2012

DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-10-32

Abstract: Primary small cell carcinoma of the pancreas (SCCP) is a rare malignancy with an extremely poor prognosis which accounts for 1 to 1.4 percent of all pancreatic malignancies. We present the case of a 62-year-old man with a half-month history of upper abdominal discomfort who was diagnosed with SCC of the pancreatic tail. A Chest X-ray showed no evidence of primary lung tumor. The diagnosis of a SCCP was confirmed by post-surgery pathology and immunohistology. In our review of the published reports of SCCP, we only found a few cases reported in the literatures. The diagnosis of SCCP needs the post-surgery pathology and immunohistology and the prognosis of SCCP is extremely poor. There was a significant increase in median survival, from 1 to 6 months, in treated patients compared to patients treated only by symptomatic management. Chemotherapy was the most common treatment and the combination of cisplatin/etoposide was most frequently prescribed. The accurate diagnosis of (SCCP) is necessary for determining prognosis and deciding appropriate therapy.

Luminescent europium nanoparticles with a wide excitation range from UV to visible light for biolabeling and time-gated luminescence bioimaging

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2008

DOI: 10.1039/B715054G

Abstract: Silica-encapsulated highly luminescent europium nanoparticles with a wide excitation range from UV to visible light (200-450 nm) have been prepared and used for streptavidin labeling and time-gated luminescence imaging of an environmental pathogen, Giardia lamblia.

Cancer Spheroids: Super‐Resolution Mapping of Single Nanoparticles inside Tumor Spheroids (Small 6/2020)

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-2020

DOI: 10.1002/SMLL.202070030

Application of a novel embeddedness‑like pancreaticojejunostomy anastomosis technique used in pancreaticoduodenectomy

Publisher: Spandidos Publications

Date: 23-03-2018

DOI: 10.3892/OL.2018.8334

Definitive Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy in Early-Stage Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Australian Multi-Institutional Review of Outcomes

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2023

DOI: 10.1016/J.CLON.2023.08.012

Multifunctional chitosan/polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® scaffolds for MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and drug release

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-2015

DOI: 10.1016/J.MSEC.2015.06.046

Abstract: Novel chitosan-polyvinyl pyrrolidone/45S5 Bioglass® (CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were prepared via foam replication and chemical cross-linking techniques. The pristine BG, CS-PVP coated BG and genipin cross-linked CS-PVP/BG (G-CS-PVP/BG) scaffolds were synthesized and characterized in terms of chemical composition, physical structure and morphology respectively. Resistance to enzymatic degradation of the scaffold is improved significantly with the use of genipin cross-linked CS-PVP. The bio-effects of scaffolds on MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells were evaluated by studying cell viability, adhesion and proliferation. The CCK-8 assay shows that cell viability on the resulting G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is improved obviously after cross-linking of genipin. Cell skeleton images exhibit that well-stretched F-actin bundles are obtained on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold. SEM results present significant improvement on the cell adhesion and proliferation for cells cultured on the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold. The drug release performance on the as-synthesized scaffold was studied in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. Vancomycin is found to be released in burst fashion within 24h from the pristine BG scaffold, however, the release period from the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold is enhanced to 7days, indicating improved drug release properties of the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffold. Our results suggest that the G-CS-PVP/BG scaffolds possess promising physicochemical properties, sustained drug release capability and good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 cells' proliferation and adhesion, suggesting their potential applications in areas such as MC3T3-E1 cell stimulation and bone tissue engineering.

Low intratumoral regulatory T cells and high peritumoral CD8(+) T cells relate to long-term survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after pancreatectomy.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 08-12-2016

DOI: 10.1007/S00262-015-1775-4

Abstract: The prognosis for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains extremely poor. Recent studies have focused on the role of lymphocytes in the PDAC microenvironment. Using immunohistochemistry, our study explored the clinical significance of intratumoral or peritumoral CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CD8(+) T cells in the tumor microenvironment and analyzed their relation to the prognosis of PDAC in a consecutive series of 92 patients after resection. CD8(+) T cells were more frequently seen within peritumoral sites, while CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Tregs were more frequent within intratumoral areas. Neither exhibited any relationship with other clinicopathologic factors. Patients with low levels of intratumoral Tregs had longer disease-free survival than those with higher levels (DFS 22.2 vs. 11.2 months, p < 0.001), and patients with higher levels of peritumoral CD8(+) T cells had longer overall survival than those with lower levels (OS 31.0 vs. 14.2 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that intratumoral Tregs (hazard ratio, HR 3.39, p = 0.010) and peritumoral CD8(+) T cells (HR 0.10, p < 0.001) are related to DFS and OS, respectively. These results indicate that intratumoral Tregs are a negative predictor of DFS, while peritumoral CD8(+) T cells are a positive predictor of OS for PDAC patients with pancreatectomy.

Anisotropic functionalization of upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.1039/C8SC01023D

Abstract: Ligand competition directs heterogeneous bio-chemistry surface and self-assembly for upconversion nanoparticles.

Aspect Ratio of PEGylated Upconversion Nanocrystals Affects the Cellular Uptake In Vitro and In Vivo

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 07-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.ACTBIO.2022.05.029

Abstract: The central nervous system (CNS) is protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which acts as a physical barrier to regulate and prevent the uptake of endogenous metabolites and xenobiotics. However, the BBB prevents most non-lipophilic drugs from reaching the CNS following systematic administration. Therefore, there is considerable interest in identifying drug carriers that can maintain the biostability of therapeutic molecules and target their transport across the BBB. In this regard, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have become popular as a nanoparticle-based solution to this problem, with the additional benefit that they display unique properties for in vivo visualization. The majority of studies to date have explored basic spherical UCNPs for drug delivery applications. However, the biophysical properties of UCNPs, cell uptake and BBB transport have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we described a one-pot seed-mediated approach to precisely control longitudinal growth to produce bright UCNPs with various aspect ratios. We have systematically evaluated the effects of the physical aspect ratios and PEGylation of UCNPs on cellular uptake in different cell lines and an in vivo zebrafish model. We found that PEGylated the original UCNPs can enhance their biostability and cell uptake capacity. We identify an optimal aspect ratio for UCNP uptake into several different types of cultured cells, finding that this is generally in the ratio of 2 (length/width). This data provides a crucial clue for further optimizing UCNPs as a drug carrier to deliver therapeutic agents into the CNS. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The central nervous system (CNS) is protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which acts as a highly selective semipermeable barrier of endothelial cells to regulate and prevent the uptake of toxins and pathogens. However, the BBB prevents most non-lipophilic drugs from reaching the CNS following systematic administration. The proposed research is significant because identifying the aspect ratio of drug carriers that maintains the biostability of therapeutic molecules and targets their transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial for designing an efficient drug delivery system. Therefore, this research provides a vital clue for further optimizing UCNPs as drug carriers to deliver therapeutic molecules into the brain.

Field dependent deep learning enables high-throughput whole-cell 3D super-resolution imaging

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 18-10-2022

DOI: 10.1101/2022.10.14.512179

Abstract: Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) in a typical wide-field setup has been widely used for investigating sub-cellular structures with super resolution. However, field-dependent aberrations restrict the field of view (FOV) to only few tens of micrometers. Here, we present a deep learning method for precise localization of spatially variant point emitters (FD-DeepLoc) over a large FOV covering the full chip of a modern sCMOS camera. Using a graphic processing unit (GPU) based vectorial PSF fitter, we can fast and accurately model the spatially variant point spread function (PSF) of a high numerical aperture (NA) objective in the entire FOV. Combined with deformable mirror based optimal PSF engineering, we demonstrate high-accuracy 3D SMLM over a volume of ~180 × 180 × 5 μm 3 , allowing us to image mitochondria and nuclear pore complex in the entire cells in a single imaging cycle without hardware scanning - a 100-fold increase in throughput compared to the state-of-the-art.

The Quest for Optical Multiplexing in Bio-discoveries

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2018

DOI: 10.1016/J.CHEMPR.2018.01.009

Six-photon upconverted excitation energy lock-in for ultraviolet-C enhancement

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 16-07-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-021-24664-X

Abstract: Photon upconversion of near-infrared (NIR) irradiation into ultraviolet-C (UVC) emission offers many exciting opportunities for drug release in deep tissues, photodynamic therapy, solid-state lasing, energy storage, and photocatalysis. However, NIR-to-UVC upconversion remains a daunting challenge due to low quantum efficiency. Here, we report an unusual six-photon upconversion process in Gd 3+ /Tm 3+ -codoped nanoparticles following a heterogeneous core-multishell architecture. This design efficiently suppresses energy consumption induced by interior energy traps, maximizes cascade sensitizations of the NIR excitation, and promotes upconverted UVC emission from high-lying excited states. We realized the intense six-photon-upconverted UV emissions at 253 nm under 808 nm excitation. This work provides insight into mechanistic understanding of the upconversion process within the heterogeneous architecture, while offering exciting opportunities for developing nanoscale UVC emitters that can be remotely controlled through deep tissues upon NIR illumination.

Metasurface-Controlled Photonic Rashba Effect for Upconversion Photoluminescence

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 02-03-2023

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.2C04861

DLG1-AS1 is activated by MYC and drives the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through miR-497-5p/SSRP1 axis

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 06-01-2021

DOI: 10.1186/S12935-020-01667-0

Abstract: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be biological regulators in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DLG1 antisense RNA 1 (DLG1-AS1) has been found to be up-regulated in cervical cancer. However, its function and underlying mechanism in HCC remains unknown. DLG1-AS1 expression was assessed in HCC cells and normal cell by RT-qPCR. Luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull down assay and RIP assay were used to demonstrate the interaction between DLG1-AS1 and miR-497-5p. DLG1-AS1 was highly expressed in HCC cells. Silencing of DLG1-AS1 led to the inhibition of HCC cell growth and migration. Besides, MYC induced the transcriptional activation of DLG1-AS1. MYC could facilitate HCC cellular processes by up-regulating DLG1-AS1. MiR-497-5p could interact with DLG1-AS1 in HCC cells. Down-regulation of miR-497-5p could reverse the impacts of DLG1-AS1 silencing on HCC cells. SSRP1 expression could be positively regulated by DLG1-AS1 but was negatively regulated by miR-497-5p. Knockdown of DLG1-AS1 suppressed tumor growth in nude mice. DLG1-AS1 is activated by MYC and functions as an oncogene in HCC via miR-497-5p/SSRP1 axis.

Frequency-domain diagonal extension imaging

Publisher: SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng

Date: 02-06-2020

DOI: 10.1117/1.AP.2.3.036005

How to Build a Time‐Gated Luminescence Microscope

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 2014

DOI: 10.1002/0471142956.CY0222S67

Abstract: The sensitivity of filter-based fluorescence microscopy techniques is limited by autofluorescence background. Time-gated detection is a practical way to suppress autofluorescence, enabling higher contrast and improved sensitivity. In the past few years, three groups of authors have demonstrated independent approaches to build robust versions of time-gated luminescence microscopes. Three detailed, step-by-step protocols are provided here for modifying standard fluorescent microscopes to permit imaging time-gated luminescence.

Plasmonic Ag/SiO2 composite nanoparticles doped with europium chelate and their metal enhanced fluorescence

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 10-02-2011

DOI: 10.1117/12.872833

A Versatile upconversion surface evaluation platform for bio-nano surface selection for the nervous system

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1039/C7NR03557H

Abstract: There is considerable interest in developing diagnostic nanotools for early detection and delivery of various therapeutic agents for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Granulocytic sarcoma of the pancreas: a case report and review of the literatures.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 12-07-2010

DOI: 10.1186/1471-230X-10-80

Abstract: Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), also known as extramedullary myeloid tumor or chloroma. It forms a solid malignant tumor consisting of myelocytes or granulocytes and is typically located in bone while occurrence in other parts of the body is rare. We reported a 40-year-old male patient who had jaundice, highly elevated bilirubin, and a mass highly suspicious of pancreatic head carcinoma. We performed surgery and the pathology and immunohistochemistry suggested GS however the blood test and the bone marrow infiltration showed no evidence of AML. In our review of the published reports of GS, we only found six reports of the GS in the pancreas, and we suggested that immunohistochemical staining should be used to accurately differentiate GS from other pancreatic cancer and other types of leukemia. The accurate diagnosis of GS is necessary for determining prognosis and deciding appropriate therapy.

Tracking Control of Marine Craft in the port-Hamiltonian Framework: A Virtual Differential Passivity Approach

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 06-2019

DOI: 10.23919/ECC.2019.8796246

Large-area display textiles integrated with functional systems

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 17-08-2020

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-56463/V1

Abstract: Displays are basic building blocks of modern electronics1,2. Integrating displays into textiles offers exciting opportunities for smart electronic textiles – the ultimate form of wearables poised to change the way we interact with electronic devices3-6. Display textiles serve to bridge human-machine interactions7-9, offering for instance, a real-time communication tool for in iduals with voice or speech disorders. Electronic textiles capable of communicating10, sensing11,12 and supplying electricity13,14 have been reported previously. However, textiles with functional, large-area displays have not been achieved so far because obtaining small illuminating units that are both durable and easy to assemble over a wide area is challenging. Here, we report a 6 m (L) * 25 cm (W) display textile containing 500000 electroluminescent (EL) units narrowly spaced to ~800 μm. Weaving conductive weft and luminescent warp fibres forms micron-scale EL units at the weft-warp contact points. Brightness between EL units deviates by 6.3% and remains stable even when the textile is bent, stretched or pressed. We attribute this uniform and stable lighting to the smooth luminescent coating around the warp fibres and homogenous electric field distribution at the contact points. Our display textile is flexible and breathable and withstands repeatable machine-washing, making them suitable for practical applications. We show an integrated textile system consisting of display, keyboard and power supply can serve as a communication tool, which could potentially drive the Internet of Things in various areas including healthcare. Our approach unifies the fabrication and function of electronic devices with textiles, and we expect weaving fibre materials to shape the next-generation electronics.

Magneto‐Electrically Enhanced Intracellular Catalysis of FePt‐FeC Heterostructures for Chemodynamic Therapy

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-03-2021

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.202100472

Quantitative Point of Care Tests for Timely Diagnosis of Early‐Onset Preeclampsia with High Sensitivity and Specificity

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 15-05-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ANIE.202301193

Abstract: Preecl sia is a heterogeneous and multiorgan cardiovascular disorder of pregnancy. Here, we report the development of a novel strip‐based lateral flow assay (LFA) using lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles conjugated to antibodies targeting two different biomarkers for detection of preecl sia. We first measured circulating plasma FKBPL and CD44 protein concentrations from in iduals with early‐onset preecl sia (EOPE), using ELISA. We confirmed that the CD44/FKBPL ratio is reduced in EOPE with a good diagnostic potential. Using our rapid LFA prototypes, we achieved an improved lower limit of detection: 10 pg ml −1 for FKBPL and 15 pg ml −1 for CD44, which is more than one order lower than the standard ELISA method. Using clinical s les, a cut‐off value of 1.24 for CD44/FKBPL ratio provided positive predictive value of 100 % and the negative predictive value of 91 %. Our LFA shows promise as a rapid and highly sensitive point‐of‐care test for preecl sia.

Super-resolution dipole orientation mapping via polarization demodulation

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 21-10-2016

DOI: 10.1038/LSA.2016.166

Practical time-gated luminescence flow cytometry. I: Concepts

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 24-08-2007

DOI: 10.1002/CYTO.A.20450

Abstract: The method of time-gated detection of long-lifetime (1-2,000 micros) luminescence-labeled microorganisms following rapid excitation pulses has proved highly efficient in suppressing nontarget autofluorescence (<0.1 micros), scatterings, and other prompt stray light (Hemmila and Mukkala, Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2001 :441-519). The application of such techniques to flow cytometry is highly attractive but there are significant challenges in implementing pulsed operation mode to rapid continuous flowing s le to achieve high cell analysis rates (Leif R, Vallarino L, Rare-earth chelates as fluorescent markers in cell separation and analysis, In: Cell Separation Science and Technology, ACS Symposium Series 464, American Chemical Society, 1991, pp 41-58 Condrau et al., Cytometry 1994 :187-194 Condrau et al., Cytometry 1994 :195-205 Shapiro HM, Improving signals from labels: Amplification and other techniques, In: Practical Flow Cytometry, 4th ed., Wiley, New York, 2002, p 345). We present here practical approaches for achieving high cell analysis rates at 100% detection efficiency, using time-gated luminescence (TGL) flow cytometry. In particular, we report that new-generation UV LEDs are practical sources in TGL flow cytometry. Spatial effects of long-lived luminescence from the target fluorophore in a fast-flowing s le stream have been investigated excitation and detection requirements in TGL flow cytometry were theoretically analyzed two practical approaches, a triggered model and a continuous flow-section model, were considered as a function of flow speed, sizes and relative positions of the excitation/detection spots, label lifetime, excitation pulse duration/intensity, and detection duration. A particular configuration using LED excitation to detect europium dye-labeled targets in such a system has been modeled in detail. In the triggered model, TGL mode is confined to a low repetition rate (<1 kHz) and engaged only while a target particle is present in the excitation zone. In the flow-section model, TGL mode is engaged continuously at high repetition rates to permit much higher cell arrival rates. The detection of 5.7-microm europium calibration beads in a UV LED-excited TGL flow cytometer has been shown to be feasible with a calculated signal-to-background ratio up to 11:1.

Boosting NIR-driven photocatalytic water splitting by constructing 2D/3D epitaxial heterostructures

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1039/C9TA02780G

Abstract: YF 3 :Yb, Tm@BiOCl possesses epitaxial heterostructure, which can quantitatively activate multiple energy transfer channels including excited-state energy transfer and fluorescence reabsorption, and then promote the NIR-driven photocatalytic properties.

Point of care diagnostics in the age of covid-19

Publisher: MDPI AG

Date: 23-12-2021

DOI: 10.3390/DIAGNOSTICS11010009

Abstract: The recent outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated serious respiratory disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), poses a major threat to global public health. Owing to the lack of vaccine and effective treatments, many countries have been overwhelmed with an exponential spread of the virus and surge in the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases. Current standard diagnostic methods are inadequate for widespread testing as they suffer from prolonged turn-around times ( h) and mostly rely on high-biosafety-level laboratories and well-trained technicians. Point-of-care (POC) tests have the potential to vastly improve healthcare in several ways, ranging from enabling earlier detection and easier monitoring of disease to reaching remote populations. In recent years, the field of POC diagnostics has improved markedly with the advent of micro- and nanotechnologies. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, POC technologies have been rapidly innovated to address key limitations faced in existing standard diagnostic methods. This review summarizes and compares the latest available POC immunoassay, nucleic acid-based and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats- (CRISPR)-mediated tests for SARS-CoV-2 detection that we anticipate aiding healthcare facilities to control virus infection and prevent subsequent spread.

Axial localization and tracking of self-interference nanoparticles by lateral point spread functions

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 04-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-021-22283-0

Abstract: Sub-diffraction limited localization of fluorescent emitters is a key goal of microscopy imaging. Here, we report that single upconversion nanoparticles, containing multiple emission centres with random orientations, can generate a series of unique, bright and position-sensitive patterns in the spatial domain when placed on top of a mirror. Supported by our numerical simulation, we attribute this effect to the sum of each single emitter’s interference with its own mirror image. As a result, this configuration generates a series of sophisticated far-field point spread functions (PSFs), e.g. in Gaussian, doughnut and archery target shapes, strongly dependent on the phase difference between the emitter and its image. In this way, the axial locations of nanoparticles are transferred into far-field patterns. We demonstrate a real-time distance sensing technology with a localization accuracy of 2.8 nm, according to the atomic force microscope (AFM) characterization values, smaller than 1/350 of the excitation wavelength.

Controlled Synthesis, Evolution Mechanisms, and Luminescent Properties of ScF_x:Ln (x = 2.76, 3) Nanocrystals

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 15-11-2017

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.7B03561

Stable and Highly Efficient Antibody–Nanoparticles Conjugation

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 20-05-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.BIOCONJCHEM.1C00192

On-the-fly decoding luminescence lifetimes in the microsecond region for lanthanide-encoded suspension arrays

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 06-05-2014

DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS4741

Practical time-gated luminescence flow cytometry. II: Experimental evaluation using UV LED excitation

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 24-08-2007

DOI: 10.1002/CYTO.A.20449

Abstract: In the previous article [Part 1 (8)], we have modelled alternative approaches to design of practical time-gated luminescence (TGL) flow cytometry and examined the feasibility of employing a UV LED as the excitation source for the gated detection of europium dye labelled target in rapid flow stream. The continuous flow-section approach is well suited for rare-event cell counting in applications with a large number of nontarget autofluorescent particles. This article presents details of construction, operation and evaluation of a TGL flow cytometer using a UV LED excitation and a gated high-gain channel photomultiplier tube (CPMT) for detection. The compact prototype TGL flow cytometer was constructed and optimised to operate at a TGL cycle rate of 6 kHz, with each cycle consisting of 100 micros LED pulsed excitation and approximately 60 micros delay-gated detection. The performance of the TGL flow cytometer was evaluated by enumerating 5.7 microm Eu(3+) luminescence beads (having comparable intensity to europium-chelate-labeled Giardia cysts) in both autofluorescence-rich environmental water concentrates and Sulforhodamine 101 (S101) solutions (broadband red fluorescence covering the spectral band of target signals), respectively. The prototype TGL flow cytometer was able to distinguish the target beads, and a maximum signal to background ratio of 38:1 was observed. Neither the environmental water concentrates nor S101 solution contributed to the background in the TGL detection phase. The counting efficiency of the TGL flow cytometer was typically >93% of values determined using conventional counting methods.

Population Control of Upconversion Energy Transfer for Stimulation Emission Depletion Nanoscopy.

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-04-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ADVS.202205990

Abstract: Upconverting stimulated emission depletion microscopy (U‐STED) is emerging as an effective approach for super‐resolution imaging due to its significantly low depletion power and its ability to surpass the limitations of the square‐root law and achieve higher resolution. Though the compelling performance, a trade‐off between the spatial resolution and imaging quality in U‐STED has been recognized in restricting the usability due to the low excitation power drove high depletion efficiency. Moreover, it is a burden to search for the right power relying on trial and error as the underpinning mechanism is unknown. Here, a method is proposed that can easily predict the ideal excitation power for high depletion efficiency with the assistance of the non‐saturate excitation based on the dynamic cross‐relaxation (CR) energy transfer of upconversion nanoparticles. This allows the authors to employ the rate equation model to simulate the populations of each relevant energy state of lanthanides and predict the ideal excitation power for high depletion efficiency. The authors demonstrate that the resolution of STED with the assistance of nonsaturated confocal super‐resolution results can easily achieve the highest resolution of sub‐40 nm, 1/24 th of the excitation wavelengths. The finding on the CR effect provides opportunities for population control in realizing low‐power high‐resolution nanoscopy.

High intensity solid-state UV source for time-gated luminescence microscopy

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 03-08-2006

DOI: 10.1002/CYTO.A.20326

Abstract: The unique discriminative ability of immunofluorescent probes can be severely compromised when probe emission competes against naturally occurring, intrinsically fluorescent substances (autofluorophores). Luminescence microscopes that operate in the time-domain can selectively resolve probes with long fluorescence lifetimes (tau > 100 micros) against short-lived fluorescence to deliver greatly improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). A novel time-gated luminescence microscope design is reported that employs an ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diode (LED) to excite fluorescence from a europium chelate immunoconjugate with a long fluorescence lifetime. A commercial Zeiss epifluorescence microscope was adapted for TGL operation by fitting with a time-gated image-intensified CCD camera and a high-power (100 mW) UV LED. Capture of the luminescence was delayed for a precise interval following excitation so that autofluorescence was suppressed. Giardia cysts were labeled in situ with antibody conjugated to a europium chelate (BHHST) with a fluorescence lifetime >500 micros. BHHST-labeled Giardia cysts emit at 617 nm when excited in the UV and were difficult to locate within the matrix of fluorescent algae using conventional fluorescence microscopy, and the SNR of probe to autofluorescent background was 0.51:1. However in time-gated luminescence mode with a gate-delay of 5 mus, the SNR was improved to 12.8:1, a 25-fold improvement. In comparison to xenon flashl s, UV LEDs are inexpensive, easily powered, and extinguish quickly. Furthermore, the spiked emission of the LED enabled removal of spectral filters from the microscope to significantly improve efficiency of fluorescence excitation and capture.

Optical Nanomaterials and Enabling Technologies for High‐Security‐Level Anticounterfeiting

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 24-06-2019

DOI: 10.1002/ADMA.201901430

Abstract: Optical nanomaterials have been widely used in anticounterfeiting applications. There have been significant developments powered by recent advances in material science, printing technologies, and the availability of smartphone-based decoding technology. Recent progress in this field is surveyed, including the availability of optical reflection, absorption, scattering, and luminescent nanoparticles. It is demonstrated that advances in the design and synthesis of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles will lead to the next generation of anticounterfeiting technologies. Their tunable optical properties and optical responses to a range of external stimuli allow high-security level information encoding. Challenges in the scale-up synthesis of nanomaterials, engineering of assessorial devices for smart-phone-based decryption, and alignment to the potential markets which will lead to new directions for research, are discussed.

High-sensitivity imaging of time-domain near-infrared light transducer

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 20-05-2019

DOI: 10.1038/S41566-019-0437-Z

Semi-field evaluation of freestanding transfluthrin passive emanators and the BG sentinel trap as a “push-pull control strategy” against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 31-07-2020

DOI: 10.1186/S13071-020-04263-3

Abstract: Spatial repellents that drive mosquitoes away from treated areas, and odour-baited traps, that attract and kill mosquitoes, can be combined and work synergistically in a push-pull system. Push-pull systems have been shown to reduce house entry and outdoor biting rates of malaria vectors and so have the potential to control other outdoor biting mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti that transmit arboviral diseases. In this study, semi-field experiments were conducted to evaluate whether a push-pull system could be used to reduce bites from Aedes mosquitoes. The push and pull under investigation consisted of two freestanding transfluthrin passive emanators (FTPE) and a BG sentinel trap (BGS) respectively. The FTPE contained hessian strips treated with 5.25 g of transfluthrin active ingredient. The efficacies of FTPE and BGS alone and in combination were evaluated by human landing catch in a large semi-field system in Tanzania. We also investigated the protection of FTPE over six months. The data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models with binomial distribution. Two FTPE had a protective efficacy (PE) of 61.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 52.2–69.9%) against the human landing of Ae. aegypti . The BGS did not significantly reduce mosquito landings the PE was 2.1% (95% CI: −2.9–7.2%). The push-pull provided a PE of 64.5% (95% CI: 59.1–69.9%). However, there was no significant difference in the PE between the push-pull and the two FTPE against Ae. aegypti ( P = 0.30). The FTPE offered significant protection against Ae. aegypti at month three, with a PE of 46.4% (95% CI: 41.1–51.8%), but not at six months with a PE of 2.2% (95% CI: −9.0–14.0%). The PE of the FTPE and the full push-pull are similar, indicative that bite prevention is primarily due to the activity of the FTPE. While these results are encouraging for the FTPE, further work is needed for a push-pull system to be recommended for Ae. aegypti control. The three-month protection against Ae. aegypti bites suggests that FTPE would be a useful additional control tool during dengue outbreaks, that does not require regular user compliance.

Low threshold lasing emissions from a single upconversion nanocrystal

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 12-2020

DOI: 10.1038/S41467-020-19797-4

Abstract: Cross-relaxation among neighboring emitters normally causes self-quenching and limits the brightness of luminescence. However, in nanomaterials, cross-relaxation could be well-controlled and employed for increasing the luminescence efficiency at specific wavelengths. Here we report that cross-relaxation can modulate both the brightness of single upconversion nanoparticles and the threshold to reach population inversion, and both are critical factors in producing the ultra-low threshold lasing emissions in a micro cavity laser. By homogenously coating a 5-μm cavity with a single layer of nanoparticles, we demonstrate that doping Tm 3+ ions at 2% can facilitate the electron accumulation at the intermediate state of 3 H 4 level and efficiently decrease the lasing threshold by more than one order of magnitude. As a result, we demonstrate up-converted lasing emissions with an ultralow threshold of continuous-wave excitation of ~150 W/cm 2 achieved at room temperature. A single nanoparticle can lase with a full width at half-maximum as narrow as ~0.45 nm.

Proteomics analysis of serum protein profiling in pancreatic cancer patients by DIGE: up-regulation of mannose-binding lectin 2 and myosin light chain kinase 2.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 29-06-2010

DOI: 10.1186/1471-230X-10-68

Abstract: Pancreatic cancer has significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Good prognosis relies on an early diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to develop techniques for identifying cancer biomarkers in the serum of patients with pancreatic cancer. Serum s les from five in iduals with pancreatic cancer and five in iduals without cancer were compared. Highly abundant serum proteins were depleted by immuno-affinity column. Differential protein analysis was performed using 2-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Among these protein spots, we found that 16 protein spots were differently expressed between the two mixtures 8 of these were up-regulated and 8 were down-regulated in cancer. Mass spectrometry and database searching allowed the identification of the proteins corresponding to the gel spots. Up-regulation of mannose-binding lectin 2 and myosin light chain kinase 2, which have not previously been implicated in pancreatic cancer, were observed. In an independent series of serum s les from 16 patients with pancreatic cancer and 16 non-cancer-bearing controls, increased levels of mannose-binding lectin 2 and myosin light chain kinase 2 were confirmed by western blot. These results suggest that affinity column enrichment and DIGE can be used to identify proteins differentially expressed in serum from pancreatic cancer patients. These two proteins 'mannose-binding lectin 2 and myosin light chain kinase 2' might be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of the pancreatic cancer.

Lanthanide upconversion nanocrystals within microstructured optical fibres; A sensitive platform for biosensing and a new tool for nanocrystal characterisation

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 31-01-2012

DOI: 10.1117/12.915968

Three-dimensional characterization of bonding features for asphalt pavement interface using a novel interlayer isolation film

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.CONBUILDMAT.2021.125301

Nanoparticles for super-resolution microscopy and single-molecule tracking

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 28-05-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41592-018-0012-4

Abstract: We review the use of luminescent nanoparticles in super-resolution imaging and single-molecule tracking, and showcase novel approaches to super-resolution imaging that leverage the brightness, stability, and unique optical-switching properties of these nanoparticles. We also discuss the challenges associated with their use in biological systems, including intracellular delivery and molecular targeting. In doing so, we hope to provide practical guidance for biologists and continue to bridge the fields of super-resolution imaging and nanoparticle engineering to support their mutual advancement.

A phase I pilot trial of MUC1-peptide-pulsed dendritic cells in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 20-09-2012

DOI: 10.1007/S10238-011-0159-0

Abstract: The objectives of this study were to assess the toxicity and immunological response induced by the intra-dermal (i.d.) administration of MUC1-peptide-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. Patients with recurrent lesions or metastasis after surgery, and immunohistochemistry positive for MUC1 were treated in cohorts that received 3-6 × 10(6) DCs i.d. for three or four vaccines. Each vaccine was composed of autologus DCs pulsed with MUC1-peptide. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that harvested 2 weeks after the second immunization were compared with PBMCs obtained before treatment for immunological response. Serial ELISPOT assays of PBMCs for antitumor reactivity were performed. Three patients received all four vaccines, and four patients received three vaccines. These patients were evaluable for toxicity and immunological monitoring. There were no grade 3 or 4 toxicities associated with the vaccines or major evidence of autoimmunity. Interferon-γ and granzyme B ELISPOT assay reactivity increased significantly in 2 of 7 patients (P < 0.05). The administration of MUC1-peptide-pulsed DCs is non-toxic and capable of inducing immunological response to tumor antigen MUC1 in advanced pancreatic cancer patients. Additional studies are necessary to improve tumor rejection responses.

An abscopal effect may augment PD-1 inhibition in refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 23-03-2018

DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1452217

Exploring the Effect of Drug Loading on the Biological Fate of Polymer-Coated Solid Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 18-05-2023

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.3C00644

Value of monitoring postoperative intra‐abdominal drainage fluid for the diagnosis of postoperative pancreatic fistula: Results of a prospective study in 134 patients

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 21-10-2009

DOI: 10.1111/J.1744-1633.2009.00463.X

Seed mediated one-pot growth of versatile heterogeneous upconversion nanocrystals for multimodal bioimaging

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 09-12-2016

DOI: 10.1117/12.2245172

New strategy for designing orangish-red-emitting phosphor via oxygen-vacancy-induced electronic localization

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 30-01-2019

DOI: 10.1038/S41377-019-0126-1

Abstract: Phosphor-converted white-light-emitting diodes (pc-WLED) have been extensively employed as solid-state lighting sources, which have a very important role in people’s daily lives. However, due to the scarcity of the red component, it is difficult to realize warm white light efficiently. Hence, red-emitting phosphors are urgently required for improving the illumination quality. In this work, we develop a novel orangish-red La 4 GeO 8 :Bi 3+ phosphor, the emission peak of which is located at 600 nm under near-ultraviolet (n-UV) light excitation. The full width at half maximum (fwhm) is 103 nm, the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) exceeds 88%, and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) is 69%. According to Rietveld refinement analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, Bi 3+ ions randomly occupy all La sites in orthorhombic La 4 GeO 8 . Importantly, the oxygen-vacancy-induced electronic localization around the Bi 3+ ions is the main reason for the highly efficient orangish-red luminescence. These results provide a new perspective and insight from the local electron structure for designing inorganic phosphor materials that realize the unique luminescence performance of Bi 3+ ions.

Power-Dependent Optimal Concentrations of Tm3+ and Yb3+ in Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 08-06-2022

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.JPCLETT.2C01186

Abstract: Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have enabled a broad range of emerging nanophotonics and biophotonics applications. Here, we provide a quantitative guide to the optimum concentrations of Yb

NIR Light-Controlled DNA Nanodevice for Amplified mRNA Imaging and Precise Gene Therapy

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 31-05-2023

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-2931628/V1

Abstract: Accurately delivering antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to tumor cells for gene therapy poses a significant challenge. To address this issue, we develop a NIR light-activable DNA nanodevice to target survivin mRNA and simultaneously release ASOs in tumor cells, which allows high-precision spatiotemporal imaging with high sensitivity and efficient gene therapy. The concept is based on upconversion nanoparticles, which can convert NIR light into UV emissions to activate an entropy-driven DNA walking system that further determines mRNA in tumor cells. The intramolecular toehold-mediated entropy-driven catalytic reaction generates a large amount of Bcl-2 ASOs, which allows accurate delivery of ASOs for gene therapy due to the specific targeting of mRNA in tumor cells. Both in vitro and in vivo results show that the NIR light induced-DNA nanodevice can detect mRNA with high sensitivity by DNA walking lification system and high precision in gene delivery. Moreover, the released ASOs from DNA walking system deregulate the expression of Bcl-2 anti-apoptosis protein and induce tumor cell apoptosis, thereby suppressing tumor growth without a transfection reagent. The NIR-light-controlled DNA nanodevice holds great potential for precise gene therapy in clinical applications.

Silver nanostructure coated beads enhance fluorescence for sensitive immunoassays and bioimaging

Publisher: IEEE

Date: 02-2010

DOI: 10.1109/ICONN.2010.6045197

Fast imaging of 15 intracellular compartments and interactions by deep learning segmentation of super-resolution data

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 31-05-2022

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-1686675/V1

Abstract: The number of colors in fluorescence microscopy is far less than the types of intracellular compartments, bringing gaps in studying live-cell anatomy and multiple organelles’ interactions. Here, we report that super-resolution imaging in association with deep convolutional neuronal networks can predict 15 subcellular structures at 91.7% pixel accuracy using one laser excitation and two detection channels. It not only bypasses the limitations of multi-color imaging with single dye labeling but also accelerates the imaging speed by more than one order of magnitude. We find that the super-resolution ratiometric images well reflect the heterogeneity of organelles as the intrinsic “optical fingerprint” and the neuronal networks can be generalized with transfer learning to predict both 3D and 2D datasets from different microscopes, different cell types, and even complexed system of living tissues. It enables us to resolve the 3D anatomic structure of live cells at different mitotic phases and to track down the fast dynamic interactions among 9 intracellular compartments.

Photodynamic viral inactivation assisted by photosensitizers

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 11-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.MTPHYS.2022.100882

Neoadjuvant radiotherapy for locally advanced and high‐risk breast cancer

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-04-2021

DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.13180

Abstract: Neoadjuvant radiotherapy (NART) as part of a multi‐modality approach for locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) requires further investigation. Importantly, this approach may allow for a single‐staged surgical procedure, with mastectomy and immediate autologous reconstruction. Multiple other potential benefits of NART include improved pathological downstaging of breast disease, reduced overall treatment time, elimination of time period with breast tissue deficit and improved patient satisfaction. This is a retrospective multi‐institutional review of patients with LABC and high‐risk breast disease undergoing NART. Eligible patients sequentially underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) with or without HER2‐targeted therapy, NART, followed by mastectomy with immediate autologous breast reconstruction (BR) 4‐ to 6 weeks post‐completion of radiotherapy. Patient and tumour characteristics were analysed using descriptive statistics. Surgical complications were assessed using the Clavien–Dindo Classification ( Ann Surg 2004 240 : 205). From 3/2013 to 9/2019, 153 patients were treated with NART. The median age was 47 years (IQR 42–52), with median body mass index of 27. Eighteen patients experienced Grade 3 acute surgical complications. This included 13 Grade 3B breast‐site events and 9 Grade 3B donor‐site events, where further surgical intervention was required for management of wound infection, wound dehiscence, flap or mastectomy skin necrosis, haematoma and internal mammary venous anastomotic thrombosis. No autologous flap loss was observed. Neoadjuvant radiotherapy facilitates a single‐stage surgical procedure with mastectomy and immediate autologous BR, eliminating the delay to reconstructive surgery and thus shortening a woman’s breast cancer journey. The findings of this review support the use of NART, with comparable rates of surgical complications to standard sequencing.

Laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 28-10-2019

DOI: 10.1186/S40880-019-0410-8

Victoria (Australia) radiotherapy response to working through the first and second wave of COVID‐19: Strategies and staffing

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 27-04-2021

DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.13186

Abstract: The COVID‐19 pandemic demanded a rapid response within Radiation Oncology services to minimise the risk of infection to patients and workforce. This study aimed to assess whether the operational changes put in place to reduce infection risks were effective in engaging and supporting staff. Our service’s response saw staff and patients split into morning or afternoon shifts without overlap. Changes included extended clinic hours, modified treatment regimens, expanded online/electronic communication and remote working. Staff were invited to respond to an electronic questionnaire in September 2020, just after the peak of the second COVID‐19 wave in Victoria. Responses captured demographic data, parental status, profession, happiness levels, fear of COVID‐19 and e‐communication efficacy. A 57% response rate was achieved. 69% of respondents were female 40% were aged 45+ and 35% had school‐aged children. Staff aged 45+ showed a significantly greater fear of COVID‐19 than younger staff. 36% of respondents reported feeling nervous or anxious watching news reports about COVID‐19. 92% of staff were happy with their work arrangements staff with children were happier than staff without children with their shifts. Online chat/channels were reported as the preferred e‐communication method between colleagues. Staff provided predominantly positive feedback to the changes made in response to the pandemic, reporting high levels of happiness and willingness to continue with the changes implemented during COVID‐19. The strategies adopted worked well and the overall high levels of staff satisfaction will allow our service to quickly pivot should further surges, or another pandemic, arise.

Pixel-Level Classification of Five Histologic Patterns of Lung Adenocarcinoma

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 26-01-2023

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.2C03020

Clinical strategies for differentiating autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreatic malignancy to avoid unnecessary surgical resection.

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 12-08-2013

DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12075

Abstract: The study aimed to determine a practical strategy for differentiating between autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and pancreatic malignancy in order to avoid unnecessary surgical resection. Altogether, 19 patients with AIP or other pancreatic diseases underwent routine examinations including liver function test and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or IgG4 was determined in patients with clinically suspected or pathologically proven AIP. Patients with suspected AIP either received diagnostic steroid therapy or laparotomy (if malignant tumors could not be excluded). Surgery was not performed in patients with a definite diagnosis of AIP by fast intraoperative frozen biopsy. Those with confirmed AIP received steroid treatment. In total, 15 cases were finally confirmed as AIP with eight diagnosed preoperatively, five confirmed by surgical pathology (preoperatively misdiagnosed) and two by intraoperative biopsy. Of these 15 patients with AIP and one without AIP, 14 had elevated serum γ-globulin levels. It was proven by subsequent antibody tests that serum IgG or IgG4 were simultaneously increased. Elevated serum γ-globulin level can be used as a preoperative sentinel indicator for differentiating between IgG4-related AIP and pancreatic malignancy. Serum IgG or IgG4 tests should be further performed in those with elevated serum γ-globulin level, which helps to identify AIP in order to avoid unnecessary operation.

Lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles for super-resolution imaging

Publisher: CRC Press

Date: 13-12-2022

DOI: 10.1201/9781003098676-8

Development of a visible-light-sensitized europium complex for time-resolved fluorometric application

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 12-02-2010

DOI: 10.1021/AC100021M

Abstract: The time-resolved luminescence bioassay technique using luminescent lanthanide complexes as labels is a highly sensitive and widely used bioassay method for clinical diagnostics and biotechnology. A major drawback of the current technique is that the luminescent lanthanide labels require UV excitation (typically less than 360 nm), which can damage living biological systems and is holding back further development of time-resolved luminescence instruments. Herein we describe two approaches for preparing a visible-light-sensitized Eu(3+) complex in aqueous media for time-resolved fluorometric applications: a dissociation enhancement aqueous solution that can be excited by visible light for ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA)-Eu(3+) detection and a visible-light-sensitized water-soluble Eu(3+) complex conjugated bovine serum albumin (BSA) for biolabeling and time-resolved luminescence bioimaging. In the first approach, a weakly acidic aqueous solution consisting of 4,4'-bis(1'',1'',1'',2'',2'',3'',3''-heptafluoro-4'',6''-hexanedion-6''-yl)-o-terphenyl (BHHT), 2-(N,N-diethylanilin-4-yl)-4,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine (DPBT), and Triton X-100 was prepared. This solution shows a strong luminescence enhancement effect for EDTA-Eu(3+) with a wide excitation wavelength range from UV to visible light (a maximum at 387 nm) and a long luminescence lifetime (520 micros), to provide a novel dissociation enhancement solution for time-resolved luminescence detection of EDTA-Eu(3+). In the second approach, a ternary Eu(3+) complex, 4,4'-bis(1'',1'',1'',2'',2'',3'',3''-heptafluoro-4'',6''-hexanedion-6''-yl)-chlorosulfo-o-terphenyl (BHHCT)-Eu(3+)-DPBT, was covalently bound to BSA to form a water-soluble BSA-BHHCT-Eu(3+)-DPBT conjugate. This biocompatible conjugate is of the visible-light excitable feature in aqueous media with a wide excitation wavelength range from UV to visible light (a maximum at 387 nm), a long luminescence lifetime (460 micros), and a higher quantum yield (27%). The conjugate was successfully used for streptavidin (SA) labeling and time-resolved luminescence imaging detection of three environmental pathogens, Giardia lamblia , Cryptosporidium muris , and Cryptosporidium parvum , in water s les. Our strategy gives a general idea for designing a visible-light-sensitized Eu(3+) complex for time-resolved luminescence bioassay applications.

Phenanthriplatin(iv) conjugated multifunctional up-converting nanoparticles for drug delivery and biomedical imaging

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.1039/C8TB01034J

Abstract: Platinum-based drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin are widely used in the clinical treatment of cancer.

Calculating integral dose using data exported from a commercial record and verify system

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 14-04-2015

DOI: 10.1007/S13246-015-0341-X

Abstract: Integral dose has been useful in investigations into the incidence of second primary malignancies in radiotherapy patients. This note outlines an approach to calculation of integral dose for a group of prostate patients using only data exported from a commercial record and verify system. Even though it was necessary to make some assumptions about patient anatomy, comparison with integral dose calculated from data exported from the planning system showed good agreement.

Nanoscale plasmonic resonators with high Purcell factor

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 10-02-2011

DOI: 10.1117/12.881170

Nanoarchitechtonics of Visible‐Blind Ultraviolet Photodetector Materials: Critical Features and Nano‐Microfabrication

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-09-2019

DOI: 10.1002/ADOM.201800580

Achieving λ/10 Resolution CW STED Nanoscopy with a Ti:Sapphire Oscillator

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 27-06-2012

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0040003

Multicolor Barcoding in a Single Upconversion Crystal

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 24-03-2014

DOI: 10.1021/JA5013646

Abstract: We report the synthesis of luminescent crystals based on hexagonal-phase NaYF4 upconversion microrods. The synthetic procedure involves an epitaxial end-on growth of upconversion nanocrystals comprising different lanthanide activators onto the NaYF4 microrods. This bottom-up method readily affords multicolor-banded crystals in gram quantity by varying the composition of the activators. Importantly, the end-on growth method using one-dimensional microrods as the template enables facile multicolor tuning in a single crystal, which is inaccessible in conventional upconversion nanoparticles. We demonstrate that these novel materials offer opportunities as optical barcodes for anticounterfeiting and multiplexed labeling applications.

Significant Enhancement of the Upconversion Emission in Highly Er³⁺‐Doped Nanoparticles at Cryogenic Temperatures

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 10-01-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ANIE.202217100

Abstract: Relatively low efficiency is the bottleneck for the application of lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). The high‐level doping strategy realized in recent years has not improved the efficiency as much as expected. It is argued that cross relaxation (CR) is not detrimental to upconversion. Here we combine theoretical simulation and spectroscopy to elucidate the role of CR in upconversion process of Er 3+ highly doped (HD) UCNPs. It is found that if CR is purposively suppressed, upconversion efficiency can be significantly improved. Specifically, we demonstrate experimentally that inhibition of CR by introducing cryogenic environment (40 K) enhances upconversion emission by more than two orders of magnitude. This work not only elucidates the nature of CR and its non‐negligible adverse effects, but also provides a new perspective for improving upconversion efficiency. The result can be directly applied to cryogenic imaging and wide range temperature sensing.

Role of Spectral Resonance Features and Surface Chemistry in the Optical Sensitivity of Light-Confining Nanoporous Photonic Crystals

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 18-03-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.1C00914

TRAF6 is over-expressed in pancreatic cancer and promotes the tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cells.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 25-09-2014

DOI: 10.1007/S12032-014-0260-9

Abstract: Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, with a poor response to chemotherapy and therefore it is important to identify novel therapeutic targets. TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) , a regulator of NF-κB signaling, has been found recently to be involved in tumorigenesis. However, its function in pancreatic cancer remains poorly understood. Here, we found that the expression of TRAF6 was up-regulated in pancreatic cancer tissues. Moreover, over-expression of TRAF6 in pancreatic cancer cells promoted cell proliferation and migration, whereas down-regulation of TRAF6 impaired the tumorigenicity of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, TRAF6 regulated the expression of multiple genes involved in cell growth, apoptosis and migration. Our results suggested several important roles of TRAF6 in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. TRAF6 might therefore represent a potential therapeutic target.

One-step Conjugation of Glycyrrhetinic Acid to Cationic Polymers for High-performance Gene Delivery to Cultured Liver Cell

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 23-02-2016

DOI: 10.1038/SREP21891

Abstract: Gene therapies represent a promising therapeutic route for liver cancers, but major challenges remain in the design of safe and efficient gene-targeting delivery systems. For ex le, cationic polymers show good transfection efficiency as gene carriers, but are hindered by cytotoxicity and non-specific targeting. Here we report a versatile method of one-step conjugation of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) to reduce cytotoxicity and improve the cultured liver cell -targeting capability of cationic polymers. We have explored a series of cationic polymer derivatives by coupling different ratios of GA to polypropylenimine (PPI) dendrimer. These new gene carriers (GA-PPI dendrimer) were systematically characterized by UV-vis, 1 H NMR titration, electron microscopy, zeta potential, dynamic light-scattering, gel electrophoresis, confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. We demonstrate that GA-PPI dendrimers can efficiently load and protect pDNA, via formation of nanostructured GA-PPI DNA polyplexes. With optimal GA substitution degree (6.31%), GA-PPI dendrimers deliver higher liver cell transfection efficiency (43.5% vs 22.3%) and lower cytotoxicity (94.3% vs 62.5%, cell viability) than the commercial bench-mark DNA carrier bPEI (25kDa) with cultured liver model cells (HepG 2 ). There results suggest that our new GA-PPI dendrimer are a promising candidate gene carrier for targeted liver cancer therapy.

A supramolecular self-assembly strategy for upconversion nanoparticle bioconjugation

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.1039/C8CC00708J

Abstract: An efficient surface modification and bioconjugation strategy for upconversion nanoparticles is reported via supramolecular host–guest self-assembly.

Characterizing the molecular and metabolic mechanisms of insecticide resistance in Anopheles gambiae in Faranah, Guinea

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 17-07-2019

DOI: 10.1186/S12936-019-2875-Y

Future and challenges for hybrid upconversion nanosystems

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 28-10-2019

DOI: 10.1038/S41566-019-0528-X

Comparative structural analysis of the glycosylation of salivary and buccal cell proteins: innate protection against infection by Candida albicans

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 24-07-2012

DOI: 10.1093/GLYCOB/CWS112

Abstract: Mucosal epithelial surfaces, such as line the oral cavity, are common sites of microbial colonization by bacteria, yeast and fungi. The microbial interactions involve adherence between the glycans on the host cells and the carbohydrate-binding proteins of the pathogen. Saliva constantly bathes the buccal cells of the epithelial surface of the mouth and we postulate that the sugars on the salivary glycoproteins provide an innate host immune mechanism against infection by competitively inhibiting pathogen binding to the cell membranes. The structures of the N- and O-linked oligosaccharides on the glycoproteins of saliva and buccal cell membranes were analyzed using capillary carbon liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization MS/MS. The 190 glycan structures that were characterized were qualitatively similar, but differed quantitatively, between saliva and epithelial buccal cell membrane proteins. The similar relative abundance of the terminal glycan epitope structures (e.g. ABO(H) blood group, sialylation and Lewis-type antigens) on saliva and buccal cell membrane glycoproteins indicated that the terminal N- and O-linked glycan substructures in saliva could be acting as decoy-binding receptors to competitively inhibit the attachment of pathogens to the surface of the oral mucosa. A flow cytometry-based binding assay quantified the interaction between buccal cells and the commensal oral pathogen Candida albicans. Whole saliva and released glycans from salivary proteins inhibited the interaction of C. albicans with buccal epithelial cells, confirming the protective role of the glycans on salivary glycoproteins against pathogen infection.

Au2Pt-PEG-Ce6 nanoformulation with dual nanozyme activities for synergistic chemodynamic therapy / phototherapy

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOMATERIALS.2020.120093

Should Steroid Therapy Be Necessarily Needed for Autoimmune Pancreatitis Patients with Lesion Resected due to Misdiagnosed or Suspected Malignancy?

Publisher: Hindawi Limited

Date: 2014

DOI: 10.1155/2014/253471

Abstract: To explore whether steroid therapy should be needed for autoimmune pancreatitis patients after operation, eight AIP patients receiving operation were enrolled in this study from January 2007 to July 2013. All patients underwent liver function, CA19-9, and contrast-enhanced CT and/or MRI. Tests of IgG and IgG4 were performed in some patients. Tests of serum TB/DB, γ -GT, and γ -globulin were undergone during the perioperative period. Six cases receiving resection were pathologically confirmed as AIP patients and two were confirmed by intraoperative biopsy. For seven patients, TB/DB level was transiently elevated 1 day or 4 days after operation but dropped below preoperative levels or to normal levels 7 days after operation, and serum γ -GT level presented a downward trend. Serum γ -globulin level exhibited a downward trend among six AIP patients after resection, while an upward trend was found in another two AIP patients receiving internal drainage. Steroid therapy was not given to all six AIP patients until two of them showed new lines of evidence of residual or extrapancreatic AIP lesion after operation, while another two cases without resection received steroid medication. Steroid therapy might not be recommended unless there are new lines of evidence of residual extrapancreatic AIP lesions after resection.

Obstacle-free planar hybrid micromixer with low pressure drop

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 15-07-2020

DOI: 10.1007/S10404-020-02367-X

Correction to Highly Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles for In Vivo Applications Under Mild Excitation Power

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-08-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.1C03065

MnO₂-Disguised Upconversion Hybrid Nanocomposite: An Ideal Architecture for Tumor Microenvironment-Triggered UCL/MR Bioimaging and Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 20-03-2019

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.CHEMMATER.9B00893

Not all 3D‐printed bolus is created equal: Variation between 3D‐printed polylactic acid (PLA) bolus samples sourced from external manufacturers

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 04-05-2022

DOI: 10.1002/JMRS.591

Abstract: Polylactic acid (PLA) is a promising material for customised bolus 3D‐printing in radiotherapy, however variations in printing techniques between external manufacturers could increase treatment uncertainties. This study aimed to assess consistency across various 3D‐printed PLA s les from different manufacturers. S le prints of dimensions 5 × 5 × 1 cm with 100% infill were acquired from multiple commercial 3D‐printing services. All s les were CT scanned to determine average Hounsfield unit (HU) values and physical densities. The coefficient of equivalent thickness (CET) was obtained for both photons and electrons and dose attenuation compared to TPS calculations in Elekta Monaco v5.11. Some s les showed warped edges up to 1.5 mm and extensive internal radiological defects only detectable with CT scanning. Physical densities ranged from 1.06 to 1.22 g cm −3 and HU values ranged from −5.1 to 221.0 HU. Measured CET values varied from 0.95 to 1.17 and TPS dose calculations were consistent with the variation in CET. Electron R50 and R90 shifted by up to 2 mm for every 1 cm of printed bolus, a clinically significant finding. Photon surface dose varied by up to 3%, while depth doses were within 1%. 3D‐printed PLA can have considerable variability in density, HU and CET values between s les and manufacturers. Centres looking to outsource 3D‐printed bolus would benefit from clear, open communication with manufacturers and undertake stringent QA examination prior to implementation into the clinical environment.

Polarization-based super-resolution imaging of surface-enhanced Raman scattering nanoparticles with orientational information

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.1039/C8NR04808H

Abstract: Super-resolution imaging and orientation detection of surface enhanced Raman scattering nanoparticles using polarization modulation.

Taking Plasmonic Core-Shell Nanoparticles Toward Laser Threshold

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 22-03-2012

DOI: 10.1021/JP2122888

Offline Versus Online Suicide-Related Help Seeking: Changing Domains, Changing Paradigms.

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-02-2016

DOI: 10.1002/JCLP.22282

Abstract: Suicidal in iduals are among the most reluctant help-seekers, which limits opportunities for treating and preventing unnecessary suffering and self-inflicted deaths. This study aimed to assist outreach, prevention, and treatment efforts by elucidating relationships between suicidality and both online and offline help seeking. An anonymous online survey provided data on 713 participants, aged 18-71 years. Measures included an expanded General Help-Seeking Questionnaire and the Suicidal Affect-Behavior-Cognition Scale. General linear modeling results showed that, as predicted, face-to-face help-seeking willingness decreased as risk level increased. However, for emerging adults help-seeking likelihood increased with informal online sources as risk increased, while other online help-seeking attitudes differed little by risk level. Linear regression modeling determined that, for suicidal in iduals, willingness to seek help from online mental health professionals and online professional support sites was strongly related (ps < .001). Help seeking from social networking sites and anonymous online forums was also interrelated, but more complex, demonstrating the importance of age and social support factors (ps < .001). These findings show that the Internet has altered the suicide-related help-seeking paradigm. Online help seeking for suicidality was not more popular than face-to-face help seeking, even for emerging adults. However, treatment and prevention professionals have good reasons to increase their online efforts, because that is where some of the highest risk in iduals are going for help with their most severe personal problems.

Depth-profiling of Yb³⁺ sensitizer ions in NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1039/C7NR01456B

Abstract: Enhancing the efficiency of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and therefore their brightness is the critical goal for this emerging material to meet growing demands in many potential applications including sensing, imaging, solar energy conversion and photonics. The distribution of the photon sensitizer and activator ions that form a network of energy transfer systems within each single UCNP is vital for understanding and optimizing their optical properties. Here we employ synchrotron-based X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to characterize the depth distribution of Yb

Multifunctional luminescent nanomaterials from NaLa(MoO4)2:Eu3+/Tb3+ with tunable decay lifetimes, emission colors and enhanced cell viability

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 11-08-2015

DOI: 10.1038/SREP11844

Abstract: A facile, but effective, method has been developed for large-scale preparation of NaLa(MoO 4 ) 2 nanorods and microflowers co-doped with Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ ions (abbreviated as: NLM:Ln 3+ ). The as-synthesized nanomaterials possess a pure tetragonal phase with variable morphologies from shuttle-like nanorods to microflowers by controlling the reaction temperature and the amount of ethylene glycol used. Consequently, the resulting nanomaterials exhibit superb luminescent emissions over the visible region from red through yellow to green by simply changing the relative doping ratios of Eu 3+ to Tb 3+ ions. Biocompatibility study indicates that the addition of NLM:Ln 3+ nanomaterials can stimulate the growth of normal human retinal pigment epithelium (ARPE-19) cells. Therefore, the newly-developed NaLa(MoO 4 ) 2 nanomaterials hold potentials for a wide range of multifunctional applications, including bioimaging, security protection, optical display, optoelectronics for information storage and cell stimulation.

Evidence for natural hybridisation and novel Wolbachia strain superinfections in the Anopheles gambiae complex from Guinea

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 24-09-2019

DOI: 10.1101/772855

Abstract: 1. Wolbachia , a widespread bacterium which can influence mosquito-borne pathogen transmission, has recently been detected within Anopheles (An.) species that are malaria vectors in Sub-Saharan Africa. Although studies have reported Wolbachia strains in the An. gambiae complex, apparent low density and prevalence rates require confirmation. In this study, wild Anopheles mosquitoes collected from two regions of Guinea were investigated. In contrast to previous studies, RNA was extracted from adult females (n=516) to increase the chances for detection of actively expressed Wolbachia genes, determine Wolbachia prevalence rates and estimate relative strain densities. Molecular confirmation of mosquito species and Wolbachia Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were carried out to analyse phylogenetic relationships of mosquito hosts and newly discovered Wolbachia strains. Strains were detected in An. gambiae s.s. (prevalence rates of 0.0-2.8%) from the Faranah region, An. melas (prevalence rate of 11.6% - 16/138) and hybrids between these two species (prevalence rate of 40.0% - 6/15) from Senguelen in the Maferinyah region. Furthermore, a novel high-density strain, termed w AnsX, was found in an unclassified Anopheles species. The discovery of novel Wolbachia strains (particularly in members, and hybrids, of the An. gambiae complex) provides further candidate strains that could be used for future Wolbachia -based malaria biocontrol strategies.

Field-dependent deep learning enables high-throughput whole-cell 3D super-resolution imaging

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 23-02-2023

DOI: 10.1038/S41592-023-01775-5

Heterogeneously Nd³⁺ doped single nanoparticles for NIR-induced heat conversion, luminescence, and thermometry

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1039/C7NR02630G

Abstract: The current frontier in nanomaterials engineering is to intentionally design and fabricate heterogeneous nanoparticles with desirable morphology and composition, and to integrate multiple functionalities through highly controlled epitaxial growth. Here we show that heterogeneous doping of Nd

Demonstration of true-color high-contrast microorganism imaging for terbium bioprobes

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 29-03-2011

DOI: 10.1002/CYTO.A.21052

Abstract: Lanthanide bioprobes offer a number of novel advantages for advanced cytometry, including the microsecond luminescence lifetime, sharp spectral emission, and large stokes shift. However, to date, only the europium-based bioprobes have been broadly studied for time-gated luminescence cell imaging, though a wide range of efficient terbium bioprobes have been synthesized and some of them are commercially available. We analyze that the bottleneck problem was due to the lack of an efficient microscope with pulsed excitation at wavelengths of 300-330 nm. We investigate a recently available 315 nm ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diode to excite an epifluorescence microscope. Substituting a commercial UV objective (40×), the 315 nm light efficiently delivered the excitation light onto the uncovered specimen. A novel pinhole-assisted optical chopper unit was attached behind the eyepiece for direct lifetime-gating to permit visual inspection of background-free images. We demonstrate the use of a commercial terbium complex for high-contrast imaging of an environmental pathogenic microorganism, Cryptosporidium parvum. As a result of effective autofluorescence suppression by a factor of 61.85 in the time domain, we achieved an enhanced signal-to-background ratio of 14.43. This type of time-gating optics is easily adaptable to the use of routine epifluorescence microscopes, which provides an opportunity for high-contrast imaging using multiplexed lanthanide bioprobes.

Optical Bioimaging and Therapy

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ADOM.202300802

Advances in Spheroids and Organoids on a Chip

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 22-02-2023

DOI: 10.1002/ADFM.202215043

Abstract: Multicellular spheroids and organoids are promising in vitro 3D models in personalized medicine and drug screening. They replicate the structural and functional characteristics of human organs in vivo. Microfluidic technology and micro‐nano fabrication can fulfill the high requirement of the engineering approach in the growing research interest in spheroids and organoids. In this review, spheroids and organoids are comparatively introduced. Then it is illustrated how spheroids‐ and organoids‐on‐a‐chip technology facilitates their establishment, expansion, and application through spatial‐temporal control, mechanical cues modeling, high‐throughput analysis, co‐culture, multi‐tissue interactions, biosensing, and bioimaging integration. The potential opportunities and challenges in developing spheroids‐ and organoids‐on‐a‐chip technology are finally outlooked.

Time-Gated Orthogonal Scanning Automated Microscopy (OSAM) for High-speed Cell Detection and Analysis

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 12-11-2012

DOI: 10.1038/SREP00837

Prevention of Neurite Spine Loss Induced by Dopamine D2 Receptor Overactivation in Striatal Neurons

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Date: 23-06-2020

DOI: 10.3389/FNINS.2020.00642

Single Small Extracellular Vesicle (sEV) Quantification by Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 02-05-0018

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.2C00724

Abstract: Cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are potential circulating biomarkers in liquid biopsies. However, their small sizes, low abundance, and heterogeneity in molecular makeups pose major technical challenges for detecting and characterizing them quantitatively. Here, we demonstrate a single-sEV enumeration platform using lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs). Taking advantage of the unique optical properties of UCNPs and the background-eliminating property of total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) imaging technique, a single-sEV assay recorded a limit of detection 1.8 × 10

Fast, live-cell imaging of 15 intracellular compartments by deep learning segmentation of super-resolution data

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 15-12-2021

DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.13.472520

Abstract: The number of colors that can be used in fluorescence microscopy to image the live-cell anatomy and organelles’ interactions is far less than the number of intracellular organelles and compartments. Here, we report that deep convolutional neuronal networks can predict 15 subcellular structures from super-resolution spinning-disk microscopy images using only one dye, one laser excitation, and two detection channels. Comparing to the colocalization images, this method achieves pixel accuracies of over 91.7%, which not only bypasses the fundamental limitation of multi-color imaging but also accelerates the imaging speed by more than one order of magnitude.

Surface functionalization of low-cost textile-based microfluidics for manipulation of electrophoretic selectivity of charged analytes

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 31-10-2022

DOI: 10.1007/S10404-022-02603-6

Abstract: Textile-based microfluidics offer new opportunities for developing low-cost, open surface-assessable analytical systems for the electrophoretic analysis of complex chemical and biological matrixes. In contrast to electrophoretic fluidic transport in typical chip-based enclosed capillaries where direct access to the s le zone during analysis is a real challenge. Herein, we demonstrate that electrophoretic selectivity could be easily manipulated on these inverted low-cost bespoke textile substrates via a simple surface-functionalization to manipulate, redirect, extract, and characterize charged analytes. This simple approach enables significant improvement in the electrophoretic separation and isotachophoretic (ITP) preconcentration of charged solutes at the surface of open surface-accessible 3D textile constructs. In this work, polyester 3D braided structures have been developed using the conventional braiding technique and used as the electrophoretic substrates, which were modified by dip-coating with polycationic polymers such as chitosan and polyethyleneimine (PEIn). The surface functionalization resulted in the modulation of the electroosmotic flow (EOF) and electrophoretic mobilities of the charged solutes with respect to the unmodified substrates. Chitosan outperformed PEIn in terms of efficient electrophoretic separation and isotachophoretic stacking of an anionic solute. However, PEIn modification resulted in significant suppression of the EOF over a broad range of pH values from 3 to 9 and exhibited fast EOF at acidic pH compared to controlled polyester, which could be promising for the analysis of basic proteins. These findings suggest a great potential for the development of affordable surface-accessible textile-based analytical devices for controlling the specific migration, direction, analysis time, and separation and preconcentration of charged analytes. Graphical abstract

Upconversion nanoparticles loaded with eIF4E siRNA and platinum(IV) prodrug to sensitize platinum based chemotherapy for laryngeal cancer and bioimaging

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1039/C6TB02360F

Abstract: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 4E is a valuable marker in cancer prognostics in many human cancers.

Structured illumination microscopy using digital micro-mirror device and coherent light source

Publisher: AIP Publishing

Date: 08-06-2020

DOI: 10.1063/5.0008264

Abstract: Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) achieves doubled spatial resolution through exciting the specimen with high-contrast, high-frequency sinusoidal patterns. Such an illumination pattern can be generated by laser interference or incoherent structured patterns. Opto-electronic devices, such as a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) or a Digital Micro-mirror Device (DMD), can provide rapid switch of illumination patterns for SIM. Although the DMD is much more cost-effective than the SLM, it was previously restricted in association with incoherent light sources, as its diffractive orders are related to the incident angle and the wavelength of coherent incidence. To extend its application with coherent illumination, here, we model the DMD as a blazed grating and simulate the effect with DMD pattern changes in the SIM. With careful analysis of the illumination contrast along different angles and phases, we report a fast, high-resolution, and cost-efficient SIM with DMD modulation. Our home-built laser interference-based DMD-SIM (LiDMD-SIM) reveals the nuclear pore complex and microtubule in mammalian cells with doubled spatial resolution. We further proposed the multi-color LiDMD-SIM concept by jointly employing the DMD ON/OFF states with different incident angles for different wavelengths, with high contrast and maximum resolution enhancement.

Perceptions of Chinese Biomedical Researchers Towards Academic Misconduct: A Comparison Between 2015 and 2010

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 10-04-2017

DOI: 10.1007/S11948-017-9913-3

Abstract: Publications by Chinese researchers in scientific journals have dramatically increased over the past decade however, academic misconduct also becomes more prevalent in the country. The aim of this prospective study was to understand the perceptions of Chinese biomedical researchers towards academic misconduct and the trend from 2010 to 2015. A questionnaire comprising 10 questions was designed and then validated by ten biomedical researchers in China. In the years 2010 and 2015, respectively, the questionnaire was sent as a survey to biomedical researchers at teaching hospitals, universities, and medical institutes in mainland China. Data were analyzed by the Chi squared test, one-way analysis of variance with the Tukey post hoc test, or Spearman's rank correlation method, where appropriate. The overall response rates in 2010 and 2015 were 4.5% (446/9986) and 5.5% (832/15,127), respectively. Data from 15 participants in 2010 were invalid, and analysis was thus performed for 1263 participants. Among the participants, 54.7% thought that academic misconduct was serious-to-extremely serious, and 71.2% believed that the Chinese authorities paid no or little attention to the academic misconduct. Moreover, 70.2 and 65.2% of participants considered that the punishment for academic misconduct at the authority and institution levels, respectively, was not appropriate or severe enough. Inappropriate authorship and plagiarism were the most common forms of academic misconduct. The most important factor underlying academic misconduct was the academic assessment system, as judged by 50.7% of the participants. Participants estimated that 40.1% (39.8 ± 23.5% in 2010 40.2 ± 24.5% in 2015) of published scientific articles were associated with some form of academic misconduct. Their perceptions towards academic misconduct had not significantly changed over the 5 years. Reform of the academic assessment system should be the fundamental approach to tackling this problem in China.

Pancreatic tuberculosis with splenic tuberculosis mimicking advanced pancreatic cancer with splenic metastasizes: a case report.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 12-08-2008

DOI: 10.1186/1757-1626-1-84

Abstract: A 60-year-old woman presented with vague abdominal pain for one week was referred to pancreatic tail carcinoma accompanied with splenic metastasizes. She came to our hospital for further treatment. Ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a pancreatic tail tumor with splenic metastasizes. There was no history of tuberculosis. Laparotomy was performed because pancreatic tail carcinoma with splenic metastasizes was highly suspected. Indurated mass in the pancreatic tail and sporadic metastasizes in the spleen had been found during the surgery. The pancreatic tail and the spleen were removed and proved to be tuberculosis on histological examination of a frozen section. The patient was given antituberculosis therapy and is now getting well. Tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic masses. The response to antituberculosis treatment is very favorable.

Responsive Magnetic Nanocomposites for Intelligent Shape-Morphing Microrobots

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 04-05-2023

DOI: 10.1021/ACSNANO.3C01609

Middle segment pancreatectomy for the treatment of benign and low malignant potential pancreatic tumours

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-2006

DOI: 10.1111/J.1744-1633.2006.00292.X

Automated detection of rare‐event pathogens through time‐gated luminescence scanning microscopy

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 04-2011

DOI: 10.1002/CYTO.A.21045

Abstract: Many microorganisms have a very low threshold ( 100 μs, and the autofluorescence backgrounds, <0.1 μs, to render background autofluorescence invisible to the detector. Rather than having to resort to sophisticated imaging analysis, the background-free feature allows a single-element photomultiplier to locate rare-event cells, so that requirements for data storage and analysis are minimized to the level of image confirmation only at the final step. We have evaluated this concept in a prototype instrument using a 2D scanning stage and applied it to rare-event Giardia detection labeled by a europium complex. For a slide area of 225 mm(2) , the time-gated scanning method easily reduced the original 40,000 adjacent elements (0.075 mm × 0.075 mm) down to a few "elements of interest" containing the Giardia cysts. We achieved an averaged signal-to-background ratio of 41.2 (minimum ratio of 12.1). Such high contrasts ensured the accurate mapping of all the potential Giardia cysts free of false positives or negatives. This was confirmed by the automatic retrieving and time-gated luminescence bioimaging of these Giardia cysts. Such automated microscopy based on time-gated scanning can provide novel solutions for quantitative diagnostics in advanced biological, environmental, and medical sciences.

Combination of preoperative CEA and CA19-9 improves prediction outcomes in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma: results from a large follow-up cohort

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 02-2017

DOI: 10.2147/OTT.S116136

Up-conversion hybrid nanomaterials for light- and heat-driven applications

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.PMATSCI.2021.100838

<p>Downregulated expression of RACK1 results in pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis</p>

Publisher: Informa UK Limited

Date: 02-2019

DOI: 10.2147/OTT.S176101

Retraction notice to Low-expressed GAS5 injure myocardial cells and progression of chronic heart failure via regulation of miR-223-3P [Experimental and Molecular Pathology 117C (2020) 104529].

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2021

DOI: 10.1016/J.YEXMP.2021.104683

Outcome of patients with early-stage follicular lymphoma staged with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and treated with radiotherapy alone

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 07-08-2018

DOI: 10.1007/S00259-018-4112-2

Abstract: To evaluate the impact of positron emission tomography (PET) staging on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with early-stage (stages I and II) follicular lymphoma (ESFL) treated with radiation therapy alone. Eighty-five patients with ESFL treated with curative-intent radiation therapy (RT) between December 2000 and May 2011 were identified. Of those, 13 who had no PET staging and 25 who received additional systemic therapy were excluded from the analysis. Thus, we analyzed 47 patients with PET-staged ESFL treated with definitive radiation therapy alone (dose > 23Gy). Tumour features, pre-treatment computed tomography (CT) and PET stage, dose fractionation, and radiation therapy field extent were recorded. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the OS and PFS. Patterns of failure were assessed as cumulative incidences assuming competing risks. Median age was 57 years (range 24-83) 43% were females. Most were PET stage 1 (76.6%). Median maximum nodal diameter was 3 cm. Median pre-treatment lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was 327.5 (range 123-607, upper normal limit = 220). Twenty-six patients (55.3%) had infra-diaphragmatic disease. All received 30-36Gy in 15-24 fractions, with 59.6% treated with involved-field radiation therapy (IFRT) techniques. There was no significant difference in PFS between CT stage I and stage II (HR 1.30 95% CI [0.25-6.72], p = 0.75) with a 5-year PFS of 77% and 78% respectively. However, stage I on PET staging had a significantly better PFS than stage II (HR 4.66 95% CI [1.15-18.8], p = 0.038), with 5-year PFS of 84% and 60% respectively. Ten patients had recurrent disease, with distant disease being the first site of failure in seven patients. Seven-year OS was 91% (95% CI 79-100) for the whole cohort. FDG-PET should be considered an essential element in the evaluation of patients with ESFL being considered for RT.

The long non-coding RNA DKFZp434J0226 regulates the alternative splicing process through phosphorylation of SF3B6 in PDAC

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 28-08-2021

DOI: 10.1186/S10020-021-00347-7

Abstract: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a type of pervasive genes that regulates various biological processes, are differentially expressed in different types of malignant tumors. The role of lncRNAs in the carcinogenesis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of the lncRNA DKFZp434J0226 in PDAC. Aberrantly expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs among six PDAC and paired non-tumorous tissues were profiled using microarray analysis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate DKFZp434J0226 expression in PDAC tissues. CCK-8 assay, wound-healing assay, soft agar colony formation assay, and transwell assay were performed to assess the invasiveness and proliferation of PDAC cells. Furthermore, RNA pull-down, immunofluorescence, RNA immunoprecipitation, and western blotting assays were performed to investigate the association between DKFZp434J0226 and SF3B6. Tumor xenografts in mice were used to test for tumor formation in vivo. In our study, 222 mRNAs and 128 lncRNAs were aberrantly expressed (≥ twofold change). Of these, 66 mRNAs and 53 lncRNAs were upregulated, while 75 lncRNAs and 156 mRNAs were downregulated. KEGG pathway analysis and the Gene ontology category indicated that these genes were associated with the regulation of mRNA alternative splicing and metabolic balance. Clinical analyses revealed that overexpression of DKFZp434J0226 was associated with worse tumor grading, frequent perineural invasion, advanced tumor-node-metastasis stage, and decreased overall survival and time to progression. Functional assays demonstrated that DKFZp434J0226 promoted PDAC cell migration, invasion, and growth in vitro and accelerated tumor proliferation in vivo. Mechanistically, DKFZp434J0226 interacted with the splicing factor SF3B6 and promoted its phosphorylation, which further regulated the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. This study indicates that DKFZp434J0226 regulates alternative splicing through phosphorylation of SF3B6 in PDAC and leads to an oncogenic phenotype in PDAC.

Single charge regime electrodynamic force measuring in solution by upconversion photonic force microscope

Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC

Date: 14-10-2022

DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-2160647/V1

Abstract: Precise force measurement is critical to probing biological events and physics processes, spanning from molecular motor’s motion to the Casimir effect 1 and the detection of gravitational wave 2 . Yet, despite extensive technology developments, the 3D nanoscale measurement of weak forces in aqueous solutions poses a significant challenge. Techniques that rely on the optically trapped nanoprobe are beset with difficulties, including low light scattering for force measuring and high localization error from their Brownian motion. Here, we report the measurement of the long-distance electrodynamic force on single nanocrystals suspended in aqueous solution with only 11 net charges. To achieve this, we develop an upconversion photonic force microscope that encompasses a diffraction-limited tracking-based force sensing theory and the advance of lanthanide ion resonance force probe 3,4 . The tracking method is based on neural network empowered super-resolution localization, where the position of force probe is extracted from the optical astigmatism modified point spread functon(PSF), enabling the measurement of trap stiffness for nanoparticles through equipartition theorem with a force sensitivity down to 592.9 attoNewtons (aN), that is, 5 times lower than the reported best sensitivity value 5 . We further demonstrate that the technology can measure a single nanocrystal's electrophoresis force and zeta potential, experimentally verifying Loeb's empirical relationship. This work offers new opportunities for detecting single-charge dynamics over long-distance and sub-cellular single molecular level biomechanical force.

Activation of the surface dark-layer to enhance upconversion in a thermal field

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 12-02-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41566-018-0108-5

One-Step Protein Conjugation to Upconversion Nanoparticles

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 08-10-2015

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.ANALCHEM.5B02523

Abstract: The emerging upconversion nanoparticles offer a fascinating library of ultrasensitive luminescent probes for a range of biotechnology applications from biomarker discovery to single molecule tracking, early disease diagnosis, deep tissue imaging, and drug delivery and therapies. The effective bioconjugation of inorganic nanoparticles to the molecule-specific proteins, free of agglomeration, nonspecific binding, or biomolecule deactivation, is crucial for molecular recognition of target molecules or cells. The current available protocols require multiple steps which can lead to low probe stability, specificity, and reproducibility. Here we report a simple and rapid protein bioconjugation method based on a one-step ligand exchange using the DNAs as the linker. Our method benefits from the robust DNA-protein conjugates as well as from multiple ions binding capability. Protein can be preconjugated via an amino group at the 3' end of a synthetic DNA molecule, so that the 5' end phosphoric acid group and multiple phosphate oxygen atoms in the phosphodiester bonds are exposed to replace the oleic acid ligands on the surface of upconversion nanoparticles due to their stronger chelating capability to lanthanides. We demonstrated that our method can efficiently pull out the upconversion nanoparticles from organic solvent into an aqueous phase. The upconversion nanoparticles then become hydrophilic, stable, and specific biomolecules recognition. This allows us to successfully functionalize the upconversion nanoparticles with horseradish peroxidise (HRP) for catalytic colorimetric assay and for streptavidin (SA)-biotin immunoassays.

Amplified stimulated emission in upconversion nanoparticles for super-resolution nanoscopy

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 22-02-2017

DOI: 10.1038/NATURE21366

Abstract: Lanthanide-doped glasses and crystals are attractive for laser applications because the metastable energy levels of the trivalent lanthanide ions facilitate the establishment of population inversion and lified stimulated emission at relatively low pump power. At the nanometre scale, lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can now be made with precisely controlled phase, dimension and doping level. When excited in the near-infrared, these UCNPs emit stable, bright visible luminescence at a variety of selectable wavelengths, with single-nanoparticle sensitivity, which makes them suitable for advanced luminescence microscopy applications. Here we show that UCNPs doped with high concentrations of thulium ions (Tm

Corrigendum

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 08-2018

DOI: 10.1002/CYTO.A.23578

Enhanced flow cytometry-based bead immunoassays using metal nanostructures

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 04-08-2009

DOI: 10.1021/AC900947H

Advances and enabling technologies for phase-specific cell cycle synchronisation

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Date: 2022

DOI: 10.1039/D1LC00724F

Abstract: Schematic illustration of conventional (left) and microfluidics-based (right) phase-specific cell cycle synchronization strategies.

Microfluidics: Rapid Softlithography Using 3D‐Printed Molds (Adv. Mater. Technol. 10/2019)

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 10-2019

DOI: 10.1002/ADMT.201970056

MEMS piezoresistive flow sensors for sleep apnea therapy

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 08-2018

DOI: 10.1016/J.SNA.2018.06.038

Optimizing the Polymer Cloak for Upconverting Nanoparticles: An Evaluation of Bioactivity and Optical Performance

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 31-03-2021

DOI: 10.1021/ACSAMI.1C01922

Practical Implementation, Characterization and Applications of a Multi-Colour Time-Gated Luminescence Microscope

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 13-10-2014

DOI: 10.1038/SREP06597

Abstract: Time-gated luminescence microscopy using long-lifetime molecular probes can effectively eliminate autofluorescence to enable high contrast imaging. Here we investigate a new strategy of time-gated imaging for simultaneous visualisation of multiple species of microorganisms stained with long-lived complexes under low-background conditions. This is realized by imaging two pathogenic organisms ( Giardia lamblia stained with a red europium probe and Cryptosporidium parvum with a green terbium probe) at UV wavelengths (320–400 nm) through synchronization of a flash l with high repetition rate (1 kHz) to a robust time-gating detection unit. This approach provides four times enhancement in signal-to-background ratio over non-time-gated imaging, while the average signal intensity also increases six-fold compared with that under UV LED excitation. The high sensitivity is further confirmed by imaging the single europium-doped Y 2 O 2 S nanocrystals (150 nm). We report technical details regarding the time-gating detection unit and demonstrate its compatibility with commercial epi-fluorescence microscopes, providing a valuable and convenient addition to standard laboratory equipment.

Ultra-sensitive time-resolved nanoliter volume fluorometry based on UV LEDs and a channel photomultiplier tube

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 29-03-2005

DOI: 10.1117/12.590127

Deep learning enhanced NIR-II volumetric imaging of whole mice vasculature

Publisher: Opto-Electronic Advances

Date: 2023

DOI: 10.29026/OEA.2023.220105

Propensity score-matched analysis of clinical outcome after enucleation versus regular pancreatectomy in patients with small non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 03-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.PAN.2019.12.007

Abstract: The effectiveness of enucleation in treatment for low-grade (G1, G2) small (≤2 cm) non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (sNF-pNETs) remains controversial. This study investigated short- and long-term outcome of enucleation comparing with regular pancreatectomy in patients with sNF-pNETs. The clinical data of patients with sNF-pNETs who underwent surgery in our hospital from January 2000 to December 2017 were retrospectively collected. Short- and long-term outcomes of two operations were analyzed. The propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce potential selection bias. A total of 123 patients with sNF-pNETs were enrolled with 62 males, 69 G1, and median age was 56.91 ± 10.04 years old. During the follow-up period (mean 87 ± 58.1 months), 9(7.32%) disease progressed (recurrence or metastasis) and 2 died (1.62%), 5-years OS was 100%, 5-years DFS was 91.4%. Both lymph node metastasis (p = 0.117) and pathological grade (p = 0.050) were not prognostic factors for sNF-pNETs. The propensity score-matched cohort comprised 27 patients with enucleation and 44 patients with regular pancreatectomy. Enucleation was noninferior to regular pancreatectomy in terms of DFS, before or after PSM. The surgical duration (P < 0.01) and blood loss (P 0.05). Enucleation seems to be an effective option for the treatment of sNF-pNETs with a lower total rate of postoperative complications and similar long-term prognosis, compared with regular pancreatectomy.

Time-gated luminescence microscopy allowing direct visual inspection of lanthanide-stained microorganisms in background-free condition

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 23-02-2011

DOI: 10.1021/AC103207R

Abstract: Application of standard immuno-fluorescence microscopy techniques for detection of rare-event microorganisms in dirty s les is severely limited by autofluorescence of nontarget organisms or other debris. Time-gated detection using gateable array detectors in combination with microsecond-lifetime luminescent bioprobes (usually lanthanide-based) is highly effective in suppression of (nanosecond-lifetime) autofluorescence background however, the complexity and cost of the instrumentation is a major barrier to application of these techniques to routine diagnostics. We report a practical, low-cost implementation of time-gated luminescence detection in a standard epifluorescence microscope which has been modified to include a high-power pulsed UV light-emitting diode (LED) illumination source and a standard fast chopper inserted in the focal plane behind a microscope eyepiece. Synchronization of the pulsed illumination/gated detection cycle is driven from the clock signal from the chopper. To achieve time-gated luminescence intensities sufficient for direct visual observation, we use high cycle rates, up to 2.5 kHz, taking advantage of the fast switching capabilities of the LED source. We have demonstrated real-time direct-visual inspection of europium-labeled Giardia lamblia cysts in dirty s les and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in fruit juice concentrate. The signal-to-background ratio has been enhanced by a factor of 18 in time-gated mode. The availability of low-cost, robust time-gated microscopes will aid development of long-lifetime luminescence bioprobes and accelerate their application in routine laboratory diagnostics.

Detection of malaria parasites in dried human blood spots using mid-infrared spectroscopy and logistic regression analysis

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 07-10-2019

DOI: 10.1186/S12936-019-2982-9

Abstract: Epidemiological surveys of malaria currently rely on microscopy, polymerase chain reaction assays (PCR) or rapid diagnostic test kits for Plasmodium infections (RDTs). This study investigated whether mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy coupled with supervised machine learning could constitute an alternative method for rapid malaria screening, directly from dried human blood spots. Filter papers containing dried blood spots (DBS) were obtained from a cross-sectional malaria survey in 12 wards in southeastern Tanzania in 2018/19. The DBS were scanned using attenuated total reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometer to obtain high-resolution MIR spectra in the range 4000 cm −1 to 500 cm −1 . The spectra were cleaned to compensate for atmospheric water vapour and CO 2 interference bands and used to train different classification algorithms to distinguish between malaria-positive and malaria-negative DBS papers based on PCR test results as reference. The analysis considered 296 in iduals, including 123 PCR-confirmed malaria positives and 173 negatives. Model training was done using 80% of the dataset, after which the best-fitting model was optimized by bootstrapping of 80/20 train/test-stratified splits. The trained models were evaluated by predicting Plasmodium falciparum positivity in the 20% validation set of DBS. Logistic regression was the best-performing model. Considering PCR as reference, the models attained overall accuracies of 92% for predicting P. falciparum infections (specificity = 91.7% sensitivity = 92.8%) and 85% for predicting mixed infections of P. falciparum and Plasmodium ovale (specificity = 85%, sensitivity = 85%) in the field-collected specimen. These results demonstrate that mid-infrared spectroscopy coupled with supervised machine learning (MIR-ML) could be used to screen for malaria parasites in human DBS. The approach could have potential for rapid and high-throughput screening of Plasmodium in both non-clinical settings (e.g., field surveys) and clinical settings (diagnosis to aid case management). However, before the approach can be used, we need additional field validation in other study sites with different parasite populations, and in-depth evaluation of the biological basis of the MIR signals. Improving the classification algorithms, and model training on larger datasets could also improve specificity and sensitivity. The MIR-ML spectroscopy system is physically robust, low-cost, and requires minimum maintenance.

Independent effect of postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio on the survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with open distal pancreatosplenectomy and its nomogram-based prediction

Publisher: Ivyspring International Publisher

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.7150/JCA.35856

Recent advances in functional nanomaterials for light–triggered cancer therapy

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 04-2018

DOI: 10.1016/J.NANTOD.2018.02.010

Background-free in-vivo imaging of Vitamin C using time-gateable responsive probe

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 16-09-2015

DOI: 10.1038/SREP14194

Abstract: Sensitive optical imaging of active biomolecules in the living organism requires both a molecular probe specifically responsive to the target and a high-contrast approach to remove the background interference from autofluorescence and light scatterings. Here, a responsive probe for ascorbic acid (vitamin C) has been developed by conjugating two nitroxide radicals with a long-lived luminescent europium complex. The nitroxide radical withholds the probe on its “off” state (barely luminescent), until the presence of vitamin C will switch on the probe by forming its hydroxylamine derivative. The probe showed a linear response to vitamin C concentration with a detection limit of 9.1 nM, two orders of magnitude lower than that achieved using electrochemical methods. Time-gated luminescence microscopy (TGLM) method has further enabled real-time, specific and background-free monitoring of cellular uptake or endogenous production of vitamin C and mapping of vitamin C in living Daphnia magna . This work suggests a rational design of lanthanide complexes for background-free small animal imaging of biologically functional molecules.

On-Chip Mirror Enhanced Multiphoton Upconversion Super-Resolution Microscopy

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 05-06-2023

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.3C00763

Magnetic regulation of the luminescence of hybrid lanthanide-doped nanoparticles

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.CCR.2022.214653

Upconversion Nonlinear Structured Illumination Microscopy

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 25-03-2020

DOI: 10.1021/ACS.NANOLETT.0C00448

Impact of tumour bed boost integration on acute and late toxicity in patients with breast cancer: A systematic review

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 06-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.BREAST.2016.03.002

Abstract: The purpose of this systematic review was to summarise the evidence from studies investigating the integration of tumour bed boosts into whole breast irradiation for patients with Stage 0-III breast cancer, with a focus on its impact on acute and late toxicities. A comprehensive systematic electronic search through the Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed databases from January 2000 to January 2015 was conducted. Studies were considered eligible if they investigated the efficacy of hypo- or normofractionated whole breast irradiation with the inclusion of a daily concurrent boost. The primary outcomes of interest were the degree of observed acute and late toxicity following radiotherapy treatment. Methodological quality assessment was performed on all included studies using either the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale or a previously published investigator-derived quality instrument. The search identified 35 articles, of which 17 satisfied our eligibility criteria. Thirteen and eleven studies reported on acute and late toxicities respectively. Grade 3 acute skin toxicity ranged from 1 to 7% whilst moderate to severe fibrosis and telangiectasia were both limited to 9%. Reported toxicity profiles were comparable to historical data at similar time-points. Studies investigating the delivery of concurrent boosts with whole breast radiotherapy courses report safe short to medium-term toxicity profiles and cosmesis rates. Whilst the quality of evidence and length of follow-up supporting these findings is low, sufficient evidence has been generated to consider concurrent boost techniques as an alternative to conventional sequential techniques.

Ratiometric 4Pi single molecule localization with optimal resolution and color assignment

Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Date: 02-11-2021

DOI: 10.1101/2021.10.30.466398

Abstract: 4Pi single molecule localization microscopy (4Pi-SMLM) with two opposing objectives achieves sub-10 nm isotropic 3D resolution with as few as 250 photons collected by each objective. Here, we developed a new ratiometric multi-color imaging strategy for 4Pi-SMLM which employed the intrinsic multi-phase interference intensity without increasing the complexity of the system and achieved both optimal 3D resolution and color separation. By partially linking the photon parameters between channels with interference difference of π during global fitting of the multi-channel 4Pi single molecule data, we showed on simulated data that the loss of the localization precision is minimal compared with the theoretical minimum uncertainty, the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB).

BHHST: An improved lanthanide chelate for time-resolved fluorescence applications

Publisher: SPIE

Date: 04-04-2005

DOI: 10.1117/12.584818

Upconversion nanoparticles for super-resolution quantification of single small extracellular vesicles

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 10-10-2022

DOI: 10.1186/S43593-022-00031-1

Abstract: Although small EVs (sEVs) have been used widely as biomarkers in disease diagnosis, their heterogeneity at single EV level has rarely been revealed. This is because high-resolution characterization of sEV presents a major challenge, as their sizes are below the optical diffraction limit. Here, we report that upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can be used for super-resolution profiling the molecular heterogeneity of sEVs. We show that Er 3+ -doped UCNPs has better brightness and Tm 3+ -doped UCNPs resulting in better resolution beyond diffraction limit. Through an orthogonal experimental design, the specific targeting of UCNPs to the tumour epitope on single EV has been cross validated, resulting in the Pearson’s R-value of 0.83 for large EVs and ~ 65% co-localization double-positive spots for sEVs. Furthermore, super-resolution nanoscopy can distinguish adjacent UCNPs on single sEV with a resolution of as high as 41.9 nm. When decreasing the size of UCNPs from 40 to 27 nm and 18 nm, we observed that the maximum UCNPs number on single sEV increased from 3 to 9 and 21, respectively. This work suggests the great potentials of UCNPs approach “digitally” quantify the surface antigens on single EVs, therefore providing a solution to monitor the EV heterogeneity changes along with the tumour progression progress.

Resolving Low-Expression Cell Surface Antigens by Time-Gated Orthogonal Scanning Automated Microscopy

Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)

Date: 02-11-2012

DOI: 10.1021/AC302550U

Abstract: We report a highly sensitive method for rapid identification and quantification of rare-event cells carrying low-abundance surface biomarkers. The method applies lanthanide bioprobes and time-gated detection to effectively eliminate both nontarget organisms and background noise and utilizes the europium containing nanoparticles to further lify the signal strength by a factor of ∼20. Of interest is that these nanoparticles did not correspondingly enhance the intensity of nonspecific binding. Thus, the dramatically improved signal-to-background ratio enables the low-expression surface antigens on single cells to be quantified. Furthermore, we applied an orthogonal scanning automated microscopy (OSAM) technique to rapidly process a large population of target-only cells on microscopy slides, leading to quantitative statistical data with high certainty. Thus, the techniques together resolved nearly all false-negative events from the interfering crowd including many false-positive events.