ORCID Profile
0000-0001-5340-4701
Current Organisations
Central Queensland University
,
Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepcion Facultad de Ingeniería
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Biological Psychology (Neuropsychology, Psychopharmacology, Physiological Psychology) | Psychology | Other Behavioural And Cognitive Sciences | Nutrition and Dietetics | Industrial and Organisational Psychology | Biological Psychology (Neuropsychology, Psychopharmacology, | Other Psychology and Cognitive Sciences | Sensory Processes, Perception And Performance | Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety | Public Nutrition Intervention | Human resources and industrial relations | Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified | Other psychology not elsewhere classified | Biological psychology not elsewhere classified | Sensory Processes, Perception and Performance | Occupational and workplace health and safety |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Behaviour and Health | Expanding Knowledge in Psychology and Cognitive Sciences | Occupational Health | Behavioural and cognitive sciences | Health status (e.g. indicators of “well-being”) | Behaviour and health
Related Links
Publications
TOI-1431b/MASCARA-5b: A Highly Irradiated Ultrahot Jupiter Orbiting One of the Hottest and Brightest Known Exoplanet Host Stars
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 12-2021
Abstract: We present the discovery of a highly irradiated and moderately inflated ultrahot Jupiter, TOI-1431b/MASCARA-5 b (HD 201033b), first detected by NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission (TESS) and the Multi-site All-Sky Camera (MASCARA). The signal was established to be of planetary origin through radial velocity measurements obtained using SONG, SOPHIE, FIES, NRES, and EXPRES, which show a reflex motion of K = 294.1 ± 1.1 m s −1 . A joint analysis of the TESS and ground-based photometry and radial velocity measurements reveals that TOI-1431b has a mass of M p = 3.12 ± 0.18 M J (990 ± 60 M ⊕ ), an inflated radius of R p = 1.49 ± 0.05 R J (16.7 ± 0.6 R ⊕ ), and an orbital period of P = 2.650237 ± 0.000003 days. Analysis of the spectral energy distribution of the host star reveals that the planet orbits a bright ( V = 8.049 mag) and young ( 0.29 − 0.19 + 0.32 Gyr) Am type star with T eff = 7690 − 250 + 400 K, resulting in a highly irradiated planet with an incident flux of 〈 F 〉 = 7.24 − 0.64 + 0.68 × 10 9 erg s −1 cm −2 ( 5300 − 470 + 500 S ⊕ ) and an equilibrium temperature of T eq = 2370 ± 70 K. TESS photometry also reveals a secondary eclipse with a depth of 127 − 5 + 4 ppm as well as the full phase curve of the planet’s thermal emission in the red-optical. This has allowed us to measure the dayside and nightside temperature of its atmosphere as T day = 3004 ± 64 K and T night = 2583 ± 63 K, the second hottest measured nightside temperature. The planet’s low day/night temperature contrast (∼420 K) suggests very efficient heat transport between the dayside and nightside hemispheres. Given the host star brightness and estimated secondary eclipse depth of ∼1000 ppm in the K band, the secondary eclipse is potentially detectable at near-IR wavelengths with ground-based facilities, and the planet is ideal for intensive atmospheric characterization through transmission and emission spectroscopy from space missions such as the James Webb Space Telescope and the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey.
The night-time sleep and autonomic activity of male and female professional road cyclists competing in the Tour de France and Tour de France Femmes
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 06-07-2023
DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.06.23292280
Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the capacity of male and female professional cyclists to recover between daily race stages while competing in the 109 th edition of the Tour de France (2022) and the 1 st edition of the Tour de France Femmes (2022), respectively. The 17 participating cyclists were 8 males from a single team (aged 28.0 ± 2.5 years [mean ± 95% confidence interval]) and 9 females from two separate teams (aged 26.7 ± 3.1 years). Cyclists wore a fitness tracker (WHOOP 4.0) to capture recovery metrics primarily related to night-time sleep and autonomic activity. Data were collected for the entirety of the events and for 7 days of baseline before the events. The primary analyses tested for a main effect of ‘stage type’ – i.e., rest, flat, hilly, mountain or time trial for males and flat, hilly or mountain for females – on the various recovery metrics. During baseline, total sleep time at night was 7.2 ± 0.3 h for male cyclists and 7.7 ± 0.3 h for female cyclists, sleep efficiency (i.e., total sleep time as a percentage of time in bed) was 87.0 ± 4.4 % for males and 88.8 ± 2.6 % for females, resting heart rate was 41.8 ± 4.5 beats·min -1 for males and 45.8 ± 4.9 beats·min -1 for females, and heart rate variability during sleep was 108.7 ± 17.0 ms for males and 119.8 ± 26.4 ms for females. During their respective events, total sleep time at night was 7.2 ± 0.1 h for males and 7.5 ± 0.3 h for females, sleep efficiency was 86.4 ± 1.2 % for males and 89.6 ± 1.2 % for females, resting heart rate was 44.5 ± 1.2 beats·min -1 for males and 50.2 ± 2.0 beats·min -1 for females, and heart rate variability during sleep was 99.1 ± 4.2 ms for males and 114.3 ± 11.2 ms for females. For male cyclists, there was a main effect of ‘stage type’ on recovery, such that heart rate variability during sleep was lowest after mountain stages. For female cyclists, there was also a main effect of ‘stage type’ on recovery, such that the percentage of light sleep in a sleep period (i.e., lower-quality sleep) was highest after mountain stages. Some aspects of recovery were compromised in cyclists after the most demanding days of racing, i.e., mountain stages. Overall however, the cyclists obtained a reasonable amount of good-quality sleep while competing in these highly demanding endurance events. This study demonstrates that it is now feasible to assess recovery metrics in professional athletes during multiple-day endurance events using validated fitness trackers.
Deep drilling in the time domain with DECam: survey characterization
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 21-11-2022
Abstract: This paper presents a new optical imaging survey of four deep drilling fields (DDFs), two Galactic and two extragalactic, with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) on the 4-m Blanco telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO). During the first year of observations in 2021, & images covering 21 deg2 (seven DECam pointings), with ∼40 epochs (nights) per field and 5 to 6 images per night per filter in g, r, i, and/or z have become publicly available (the proprietary period for this program is waived). We describe the real-time difference-image pipeline and how alerts are distributed to brokers via the same distribution system as the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). In this paper, we focus on the two extragalactic deep fields (COSMOS and ELAIS-S1) characterizing the detected sources, and demonstrating that the survey design is effective for probing the discovery space of faint and fast variable and transient sources. We describe and make publicly available 4413 calibrated light curves based on difference-image detection photometry of transients and variables in the extragalactic fields. We also present preliminary scientific analysis regarding the Solar system small bodies, stellar flares and variables, Galactic anomaly detection, fast-rising transients and variables, supernovae, and active Galactic nuclei.
Sorghum: An Underutilized Cereal Whole Grain with the Potential to Assist in the Prevention of Chronic Disease
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-04-2015
The impact of altitude on the sleep of young elite soccer players (isa3600)
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 26-11-2013
Waking up in the zone with Sleep Cycle
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 13-07-2016
A smart microfluidic platform for rapid multiplexed detection of foodborne pathogens
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
The night before night shift: Chronotype impacts total sleep and rapid eye movement sleep during a strategically delayed sleep
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-08-2023
DOI: 10.1111/JSR.13683
Abstract: Transition to night shift may be improved by strategically delaying the main sleep preceding a first night shift. However, the effects of delayed timing on sleep may differ between chronotypes. Therefore, the study aim was to compare the impacts of chronotype on sleep quality and architecture during a normally timed sleep opportunity and a delayed sleep opportunity. Seventy‐two (36 female, 36 male) healthy adults participated in a laboratory study. Participants were provided with a normally timed sleep opportunity (23:00–08:00) and a delayed sleep opportunity (03:00–12:00) over two consecutive nights in a sleep laboratory. Sleep was monitored by polysomnography (PSG), and chronotype was determined from dim light melatonin onset (DLMO). A tertile split of DLMO defined early (20:24 ± 0:42 h), intermediate (21:31 ± 0:12 h), and late chronotype (22:56 ± 0:54 h) categories. Although there was no main effect of chronotype on any sleep measure, early chronotypes obtained less total sleep with delayed sleep than with normally timed sleep ( p = 0.044). Intermediate and late chronotypes obtained more rapid eye movement (REM) sleep with delayed sleep than with normally timed sleep ( p = 0.013, p = 0.012 respectively). Wake was more elevated for all chronotypes in the later hours of the delayed sleep opportunity than at the start of the sleep opportunity. Strategically delaying the main sleep preceding a first night shift appears to benefit intermediate and late chronotypes (i.e., more REM sleep), but not early chronotypes (i.e., less total sleep). Circadian processes appear to elevate wakefulness for all chronotypes in the later stages of a delayed sleep opportunity.
RED NOISE VERSUS PLANETARY INTERPRETATIONS IN THE MICROLENSING EVENT OGLE-2013-BLG-446
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 16-10-2015
A validation study of the WHOOP strap against polysomnography to assess sleep
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-07-2020
HATS-2b: A transiting extrasolar planet orbiting aK-type star showing starspot activity
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 10-2013
TESS Spots a Compact System of Super-Earths around the Naked-eye Star HR 858
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 09-08-2019
TESS-Keck Survey. V. Twin Sub-Neptunes Transiting the Nearby G Star HD 63935
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 26-10-2021
Managing Travel Fatigue and Jet Lag in Athletes: A Review and Consensus Statement
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-07-2021
HATS-13b and HATS-14b: two transiting hot Jupiters from the HATSouth survey
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 08-2015
Alcohol use in shiftworkers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2015.11.011
Abstract: It has been suggested that shiftworkers may consume alcohol to help them sleep, resulting in greater consumption. A large study in Australian workers suggested that those on non-standard schedules (outside 8am-6pm, Monday-Friday) do not drink more, but are at increased odds of binge drinking (heavy periods of drinking followed by abstinence) than workers on standard schedules. However, differences in types of non-standard schedules were not examined in the study. The current study examined the alcohol intake of Australian shiftworkers on fixed and rotating shifts. Shiftworkers (n=118, age=43.4±9.9y, 68% male) on 12h-rotating (n=29), 8h-rotating (n=29), morning (n=33) and night (n=27) schedules from printing, postal, nursing and oil industries participated. They completed a Cancer Council Dietary Questionnaire, recording frequency and amount of alcohol consumed on average per day over the preceding year. They also completed a shortened Standard Shiftwork Index, including questions on shift schedule, sleep duration, tiredness, gender and age. Average alcohol consumption was 9.6±13.1 standard drinks/week. One in six reported using alcohol as a sleep aid between shifts at least sometimes and nearly one third reported consuming 12 or more drinks in 24h. Alcohol consumption was higher for males and decreased with age. Controlling for gender and age, there were no significant differences between shift types in standard drinks/week (p=0.50). However, those on 12-h rotating shifts consumed more drinks per 24h (p=0.04) and had less sleep (p<0.001). Results support the suggestion that shiftworkers are likely to binge drink, particularly younger, male workers and those on long, rotating shifts. Alcohol use in shiftworkers may put increased pressure on already vulnerable physiological systems.
TOI 560: Two Transiting Planets Orbiting a K Dwarf Validated with iSHELL, PFS, and HIRES RVs
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 07-12-2022
Abstract: We validate the presence of a two-planet system orbiting the 0.15–1.4 Gyr K4 dwarf TOI 560 (HD 73583). The system consists of an inner moderately eccentric transiting mini-Neptune (TOI 560 b, P = 6.3980661 − 0.0000097 + 0.0000095 days, e = 0.294 − 0.062 + 0.13 , M = 0.94 − 0.23 + 0.31 M Nep ) initially discovered in the Sector 8 Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission observations, and a transiting mini-Neptune (TOI 560 c, P = 18.8805 − 0.0011 + 0.0024 days, M = 1.32 − 0.32 + 0.29 M Nep ) discovered in the Sector 34 observations, in a rare near-1:3 orbital resonance. We utilize photometric data from TESS Spitzer, and ground-based follow-up observations to confirm the ephemerides and period of the transiting planets, vet false-positive scenarios, and detect the photoeccentric effect for TOI 560 b. We obtain follow-up spectroscopy and corresponding precise radial velocities (RVs) with the iSHELL spectrograph at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility and the HIRES Spectrograph at Keck Observatory to validate the planetary nature of these signals, which we combine with published Planet Finder Spectrograph RVs from the Magellan Observatory. We detect the masses of both planets at σ significance. We apply a Gaussian process (GP) model to the TESS light curves to place priors on a chromatic RV GP model to constrain the stellar activity of the TOI 560 host star, and confirm a strong wavelength dependence for the stellar activity demonstrating the ability of near-IR RVs to mitigate stellar activity for young K dwarfs. TOI 560 is a nearby moderately young multiplanet system with two planets suitable for atmospheric characterization with the James Webb Space Telescope and other upcoming missions. In particular, it will undergo six transit pairs separated by hr before 2027 June.
The effects of cold water immersion on the amount and quality of sleep obtained by elite cyclists during a simulated hill climbing tour
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-01-2019
The influence of circadian phase and prior wake on neuromuscular function
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2010
DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2010.488901
Abstract: Previous forced desynchrony (FD) studies have shown that neurobehavioral function is affected by circadian phase and duration of prior wakefulness. There is some evidence that neuromuscular function may also be affected by circadian phase and prior wake, but these effects have not been systematically investigated. This study examined the effects of circadian phase and prior wake on two measures of neuromuscular function--postural balance (PB) and maximal grip strength (MGS)--using a 28-h FD protocol. Eleven male participants (mean +/- SD: 22.7 +/- 2.5 yr) lived in a sound-attenuated, light- and temperature-controlled time-isolation laboratory for 12 days. Following two training days and a baseline day, participants were scheduled to seven 28-h FD days, with the ratio between sleep opportunity and wake spans kept constant (i.e., 9.3 h sleep period and 18.7 h wake period). PB was measured during 1 min of quiet standing on a force platform. MGS of the dominant hand was measured using a dynamometer. These two measures were obtained every 2.5 h during wake. Core body temperature was continuously recorded with rectal thermistors to determine circadian phase. For both measures of neuromuscular function, in idual data points were assigned a circadian phase and a level of prior wake. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with two within-subjects factors: circadian phase (six phases) and prior wake (seven levels). For MGS, there was a main effect of circadian phase, but no main effect of prior wake. For PB, there were no main effects of circadian phase or prior wake. There were no interactions between circadian phase and prior wake for MGS or PB. The significant effect of circadian phase on muscle strength is in agreement with previous reports in the literature. In terms of prior wake, both MGS and PB remained relatively stable across wake periods, indicating that neuromuscular function may be more robust than neurobehavioral function when the duration of wakefulness is within a normal range (i.e., 18.7 h).
Controlling fatigue risk in safety-critical workplaces: A summary of selected papers from the 9th International Conference on Managing Fatigue in Transportation, Resources and Health
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
A global threats overview for Numeniini populations: synthesising expert knowledge for a group of declining migratory birds
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1017/S0959270916000678
Abstract: The Numeniini is a tribe of 13 wader species (Scolopacidae, Charadriiformes) of which seven are Near Threatened or globally threatened, including two Critically Endangered. To help inform conservation management and policy responses, we present the results of an expert assessment of the threats that members of this taxonomic group face across migratory flyways. Most threats are increasing in intensity, particularly in non-breeding areas, where habitat loss resulting from residential and commercial development, aquaculture, mining, transport, disturbance, problematic invasive species, pollution and climate change were regarded as having the greatest detrimental impact. Fewer threats (mining, disturbance, problematic native species and climate change) were identified as widely affecting breeding areas. Numeniini populations face the greatest number of non-breeding threats in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, especially those associated with coastal reclamation related threats were also identified across the Central and Atlantic Americas, and East Atlantic flyways. Threats on the breeding grounds were greatest in Central and Atlantic Americas, East Atlantic and West Asian flyways. Three priority actions were associated with monitoring and research: to monitor breeding population trends (which for species breeding in remote areas may best be achieved through surveys at key non-breeding sites), to deploy tracking technologies to identify migratory connectivity, and to monitor land-cover change across breeding and non-breeding areas. Two priority actions were focused on conservation and policy responses: to identify and effectively protect key non-breeding sites across all flyways (particularly in the East Asian- Australasian Flyway), and to implement successful conservation interventions at a sufficient scale across human-dominated landscapes for species’ recovery to be achieved. If implemented urgently, these measures in combination have the potential to alter the current population declines of many Numeniini species and provide a template for the conservation of other groups of threatened species.
Moderate-intensity exercise performed in the evening does not impair sleep in healthy males
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-05-2020
DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2019.1611934
Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of single bouts of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and moderate-intensity resistance exercise performed in the evening on the sleep of healthy young males. The study employed a repeated-measures, counterbalanced, crossover design with three conditions (control, evening aerobic exercise, evening resistance exercise). Twelve male participants (mean ± SD age: 21.9 ± 2.7 yr) attended the laboratory on three occasions separated by one day between each visit. Between 20:45 h and 21:30 h, participants completed either no exercise, 30 min of aerobic exercise at 75%HRmax, or 30 min of resistance exercise corresponding to 75% of 10-repetition maximum. A 9-h sleep opportunity was provided between 23:00 h and 08:00 h. Core body temperature was measured using ingestible temperature capsules and sleep was measured using polysomnography. Core body temperature was higher during the aerobic exercise and resistance exercise compared to control (
The use of distal rhynchokinesis by birds feeding in water
Publisher: The Company of Biologists
Date: 11-2007
DOI: 10.1242/JEB.007690
Abstract: The use of distal rhynchokinesis, which consists of the movement of the distal part of the upper jaw with respect to the cranium, is well documented in long-billed shorebirds (Scolopacidae), commonly being associated with the deep probing feeding method. However, the functional and evolutionary significance of distal rhynchokinesis and other cranial kinesis is unclear. We report for the first time the use and occurrence of distal rhynchokinesis in wild long-billed shorebirds feeding on small prey items suspended in water. We tested whether prey size in captive dunlins Calidris alpinainfluences the occurrence of distal rhynchokinesis during feeding and also whether its use affects foraging efficiency. We found that wild dunlin, curlew sandpiper Calidris ferruginea, sanderling Calidris alba and little stint Calidris minuta commonly use distal rhynchokinesis to strike, capture and transport small prey items. Prey size influenced the occurrence of distal rhynchokinesis during the transport phase, with this type of cranial kinesis being more frequently used with larger prey. The rhynchokinesis protraction angle (a measure of bill tip elevation) during prey strike and transport was affected by prey size, and bill gape was modulated through the use of distal rhynchokinesis in relation to prey size. Finally,the use of distal rhynchokinesis throughout intra-oral prey transport was related to shorter transport times, which improved foraging efficiency. We conclude that distal rhynchokinesis is a mechanism that could contribute to the flexible feeding behaviour of long-distance migratory shorebirds,enhancing small prey profitability and so improving foraging efficiency, and may have played a role in the evolutionary radiation of Scolopacidae(Charadrii).
Ground-based photometry of space-based transit detections: photometric follow-up of the CoRoT mission
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 15-07-2009
Baseline dietary patterns are a significant consideration in correcting dietary exposure for weight loss
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-02-2013
DOI: 10.1038/EJCN.2013.26
Plasma lactate accumulation is reduced during incremental exercise in untrained women compared with untrained men
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-05-2007
DOI: 10.1007/S00421-007-0477-9
Abstract: The lactate threshold (LT) is commonly reported as not different between sexes, yet lower blood lactate concentrations have been reported in women during submaximal exercise. The purpose of the present study was to measure the changes in plasma lactate concentration [La(-1)] in men and women during incremental cycle ergometer exercise using the same protocol and compare the data using several different methods of analysis. A group of untrained men (n = 21) and women (n = 22) were studied and venous blood drawn at regular intervals during and after exercise for assay of plasma [La(-1)]. Plasma [La(-1)] increased during exercise in both sexes, reaching higher values in men, both at exhaustion (men 8.6 +/- 2.3 mmol l(-1) women 6.2 +/- 2.3 mmol l(-1) P = 0.01) and post-exercise (men 11.8 +/- 2.1 mmol l(-1) women 10.2 +/- 2.4 mmol l(-1) P = 0.03). Logarithmic transformation of the data yielded LT values that were not different between sexes (men 44.2 +/- 12.9 women 50.2 +/- 12.6 %VO2peak P = 0.45), yet both the 2 and 4 mmol l(-1) fixed concentration LT occurred at lower relative intensities in men (2 mmol l(-1): men 50.9 +/- 12.9 women 66.9 +/- 11.1 %VO2peak P = 0.01). 4 mmol l(-1): men 75.7 +/- 11.0 women 90.6 +/- 9.2 VO2peak P = 0.01). However, when the plasma [La(-1)] was examined in both sexes throughout exercise, using a single exponential function, plasma [La(-1)] was significantly lower in women (P < 0.05) at all relative intensities between 30 and 100%VO2peak. While the basis of this sex difference is unknown, reduced plasma [La(-1)] during submaximal exercise in women may offset to some degree the endurance performance disadvantage of their lower VO2peak.
A 0.24+0.18 M⊙ double-lined eclipsing binary from the HATSouth survey
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-06-2015
Sleep quality but not quantity altered with a change in training environment in elite Australian rules football players
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 2017
Abstract: To assess the effects of a change in training environment on the sleep characteristics of elite Australian Rules football (AF) players. In an observational crossover trial, 19 elite AF players had time in bed (TIB), total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), and wake after sleep onset (WASO) assessed using wristwatch activity devices and subjective sleep diaries across 8-d home and c periods. Repeated-measures ANOVA determined mean differences in sleep, training load (session rating of perceived exertion [RPE]), and environment. Pearson product–moment correlations, controlling for repeated observations on in iduals, were used to assess the relationship between changes in sleep characteristics at home and c . Cohen effect sizes ( d ) were calculated using in idual means. On c TIB (+34 min) and WASO (+26 min) increased compared with home. However, TST was similar between home and c , significantly reducing c SE (–5.82%). In idually, there were strong negative correlations for TIB and WASO ( r = -.75 and r = -.72, respectively) and a moderate negative correlation for SE ( r = -.46) between home and relative changes on c . C increased the relationship between in idual s-RPE variation and TST variation compared with home (increased load r = -.367 vs .051, reduced load r = .319 vs –.033, c vs home respectively). C compromised sleep quality due to significantly increased TIB without increased TST. In idually, AF players with higher home SE experienced greater reductions in SE on c . Together, this emphasizes the importance of in idualized interventions for elite team-sport athletes when traveling and/or changing environments.
Introduction to nutrition informatics in Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 23-10-2014
Oat β-glucan increases postprandial cholecystokinin levels, decreases insulin response and extends subjective satiety in overweight subjects
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-2009
HATS-11B AND HATS-12B: TWO TRANSITING HOT JUPITERS ORBITING SUBSOLAR METALLICITY STARS SELECTED FOR THE K2 CAMPAIGN 7
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 21-09-2016
HATS-71b: A Giant Planet Transiting an M3 Dwarf Star in TESS Sector 1
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 18-05-2020
THE FIRST SIMULTANEOUS MICROLENSING OBSERVATIONS BY TWO SPACE TELESCOPES:SPITZERANDSWIFTREVEAL A BROWN DWARF IN EVENT OGLE-2015-BLG-1319
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 07-11-2016
Timing of Sleep in the Break Between Two Consecutive Night-Shifts: The Effect of Different Strategies on Daytime Sleep and Night-Time Neurobehavioural Function
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-2022
DOI: 10.2147/NSS.S336795
Finger Twitches are More Frequent in REM Sleep Than in Non-REM Sleep
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.2147/NSS.S233439
HATS-15b and HATS-16b: Two Massive Planets Transiting Old G Dwarf Stars
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 10-06-2016
Increases in peptide Y-Y levels following oat beta-glucan ingestion are dose-dependent in overweight adults.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
OGLE-2015-BLG-0479LA,B: BINARY GRAVITATIONAL MICROLENS CHARACTERIZED BY SIMULTANEOUS GROUND-BASED AND SPACE-BASED OBSERVATIONS
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 29-08-2016
HATS9-b AND HATS10-b: TWO COMPACT HOT JUPITERS IN FIELD 7 OF THE K2 MISSION
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 07-07-2015
Sleep/wake behaviour of endurance cyclists before and during competition
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-08-2015
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2014.942690
Abstract: Good sleep is critical for optimising recovery and athletic performance. Yet, few studies have investigated how athletes sleep before and during competition. The aim of this study was to determine whether such sleep is poorer than that before a usual training day. Twenty-one male endurance cyclists' (age: 19.9 ± 1.7 years) sleep/wake behaviour was assessed using wrist activity monitors for 11 nights, including a six-night baseline training phase, three nights before competition and two nights during competition. Cyclists had less sleep on the night before competition (6.5 ± 0.9 h) and during the first night of competition (6.8 ± 0.8 h) than at baseline (7.4 ± 0.6 h). Cyclists also went to bed and woke up earlier during competition than at baseline. Competition schedules and competition itself can disrupt the sleep/wake behaviour of athletes during competition. Future investigations should examine sleep during three stages of competition (i.e. before, during and after competition). This will help coaches develop a greater understanding of how sleep changes during different phases of competition and enable them to plan post-competition training programmes to ensure appropriate rest and recovery is obtained.
Prey and Prey Size Selection by the Near-Threatened Black-Tailed Godwit Foraging in Non-Tidal Areas During Migration
Publisher: Waterbird Society
Date: 09-2010
DOI: 10.1675/063.033.0304
HATS-54b–HATS-58Ab: Five New Transiting Hot Jupiters Including One with a Possible Temperate Companion
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 16-07-2019
The validity of activity monitors for measuring sleep in elite athletes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSAMS.2015.12.007
Abstract: There is a growing interest in monitoring the sleep of elite athletes. Polysomnography is considered the gold standard for measuring sleep, however this technique is impractical if the aim is to collect data simultaneously with multiple athletes over consecutive nights. Activity monitors may be a suitable alternative for monitoring sleep, but these devices have not been validated against polysomnography in a population of elite athletes. Participants (n=16) were endurance-trained cyclists participating in a 6-week training c . A total of 122 nights of sleep were recorded with polysomnography and activity monitors simultaneously. Agreement, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated from epoch-for-epoch comparisons of polysomnography and activity monitor data. Sleep variables derived from polysomnography and activity monitors were compared using paired t-tests. Activity monitor data were analysed using low, medium, and high sleep-wake thresholds. Epoch-for-epoch comparisons showed good agreement between activity monitors and polysomnography for each sleep-wake threshold (81-90%). Activity monitors were sensitive to sleep (81-92%), but specificity differed depending on the threshold applied (67-82%). Activity monitors underestimated sleep duration (18-90min) and overestimated wake duration (4-77min) depending on the threshold applied. Applying the correct sleep-wake threshold is important when using activity monitors to measure the sleep of elite athletes. For ex le, the default sleep-wake threshold (>40 activity counts=wake) underestimates sleep duration by ∼50min and overestimates wake duration by ∼40min. In contrast, sleep-wake thresholds that have a high sensitivity to sleep (>80 activity counts=wake) yield the best combination of agreement, sensitivity, and specificity.
Differential associations of job control components with both waist circumference and body mass index
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2015.08.034
Abstract: The Job Demand-Control-Support (JDCS) model is commonly used to investigate associations between psychosocial work factors and employee health, yet research considering obesity using the JDCS model remains inconclusive. This study investigates which parts of the JDCS model are associated with measures of obesity and provides a comparison between waist circumference (higher values imply central obesity) and body mass index (BMI, higher values imply overall obesity). Contrary to common practice, in this study the JDCS components are not reduced into composite or global scores. In light of emerging evidence that the two components of job control (skill discretion and decision authority) could have differential associations with related health outcomes, components of the JDCS model were analysed at the subscale level. A cross-sectional design with a South Australian cohort (N = 450) combined computer-assisted telephone interview data and clinic-measured height, weight and waist circumference. After controlling for sex, age, household income, work hours and job nature (blue vs. white-collar), the two components of job control were the only parts of the JDCS model to hold significant associations with measures of obesity. Notably, the associations between skill discretion and waist circumference (b = -.502, p = .001), and skill discretion and BMI (b = -.163, p = .005) were negative. Conversely, the association between decision authority and waist circumference (b = .282, p = .022) was positive. These findings are significant since skill discretion and decision authority are typically combined into a composite measure of job control or decision latitude. Our findings suggest skill discretion and decision authority should be treated separately since combining these theoretically distinct components may conceal their differential associations with measures of obesity, masking their in idual importance. Psychosocial work factors displayed stronger associations and explained greater variance in waist circumference compared with BMI, and possible reasons for this are discussed.
Conference Day 1 – Wednesday 5 September 2012
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2012
HATS-17b: A TRANSITING COMPACT WARM JUPITER IN A 16.3 DAY CIRCULAR ORBIT
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 08-03-2016
Sleep restriction masks the influence of the circadian process on sleep propensity
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 23-05-2012
DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2012.675256
Abstract: Previous forced desynchrony studies have highlighted the close relationship between the circadian rhythms of core body temperature (CBT) and sleep propensity. In particular, these studies have shown that a "forbidden zone" for sleep exists on the rising limb of the CBT rhythm. In these previous studies, the length of the experimental day was either ultrashort (90 min), short (20 h), or long (28 h), and the ratio of sleep to wake was normal (i.e., 1:2). The aim of the current study was to examine the relative effects of the circadian and homeostatic processes on sleep propensity using a 28-h forced desynchrony protocol in which the ratio of sleep to wake was substantially lower than normal (i.e., 1:5). Twenty-seven healthy males lived in a time-isolation sleep laboratory for 11 consecutive days. Participants completed either a control (n = 13) or sleep restriction (n = 14) condition. In both conditions, the protocol consisted of 2 × 24-h baseline days followed by 8 × 28-h forced desynchrony days. On forced desynchrony days, the control group had 9.3 h in bed and 18.7 h of wake, and the sleep restriction group had 4.7 h in bed and 23.3 h of wake. For all participants, each 30-s epoch of time in bed was scored as sleep or wake based on standard polysomnography recordings, and was also assigned a circadian phase (360° = 24 h) based on a cosine equation fitted to continuously recorded CBT data. For each circadian phase (i.e., 72 × 5° bins), sleep propensity was calculated as the percentage of epochs spent in bed scored as sleep. For the control group, there was a clear circadian rhythm in sleep propensity, with a peak of 98.5% at 5° (~05:20 h), a trough of 64.9% at 245° (~21:20 h), and an average of 82.3%. In contrast, sleep propensity for the sleep restriction group was relatively high at all circadian phases, with an average of 96.7%. For this group, the highest sleep propensity (99.0%) occurred at 60° (~09:00 h), and the lowest sleep propensity (91.3%) occurred at 265° (~22:40 h). As has been shown previously, these current data indicate that with a normal sleep-to-wake ratio, the effect of the circadian process on sleep propensity is pronounced, such that a forbidden zone for sleep exists at a phase equivalent to evening time for a normally entrained in idual. However, these current data also indicate that when the ratio of sleep to wake is substantially lower than normal, this circadian effect is masked. In particular, sleep propensity is very high at all circadian phases, including those that coincide with the forbidden zone for sleep. This finding suggests that if the homeostatic pressure for sleep is sufficiently high, then the circadian drive for wakefulness can be overridden. In future studies, it will be important to determine whether or not this masking effect occurs with less severe sleep restriction, e.g., with a sleep-to-wake ratio of 1:3.
The mass–radius relationship for very low mass stars: four new discoveries from the HATSouth Survey★
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-2013
Do split sleep/wake schedules reduce or increase sleepiness for continuous operations?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2015.10.027
Abstract: This study compared the impact of split and consolidated sleep/wake schedules on subjective sleepiness during the biological day and biological night. This was achieved using a between-group design involving two forced desynchrony protocols: consolidated sleep/wake and split sleep/wake. Both protocols included 7×28-h days with 9.33h in bed and 18.67h of wake each day. While the consolidated sleep/wake protocol had 1×9.33-h sleep opportunity and 1×18.67-h wake period each day, the split sleep/wake protocol had 2×4.67-h sleep opportunities and 2×9.33-h wake periods each day. For both protocols, subjective sleepiness was measured using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale every 2.5h during wake. A total of 29 healthy adult males participated, with 13 in the consolidated sleep/wake group (mean age=22.5 yrs) and 16 in the split sleep/wake group (mean age=22.6 yrs). On average, subjective sleepiness during wake periods of the split condition was significantly higher than that during the first half of wake periods of the consolidated condition, but was similar to the level during the second half. These findings were observed for wake periods that occurred during both the biological day and biological night. Previous data have shown that cognitive impairment at night is lower for split schedules than consolidated schedules, but the current data indicate that feelings of sleepiness are greater for split schedules than consolidated schedules for at least half of the time awake. Thus, it should be explained to people operating split sleep/wake schedules that although they may perform well, they are likely to feel sleepy.
The Theory of Planned Behaviour and dietary patterns: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Very regular high-frequency pulsation modes in young intermediate-mass stars
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-05-2020
Persistent bimodal activity patterns in wild and captive black-tailed godwit Limosa limosa under different environmental conditions
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-11-2011
The sleep of elite athletes at sea level and high altitude: A comparison of sea-level natives and high-altitude natives (ISA3600)
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 26-11-2013
MASS MEASUREMENTS OF ISOLATED OBJECTS FROM SPACE-BASED MICROLENSING
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 28-06-2016
Correction: Bellenger et al. Wrist-Based Photoplethysmography Assessment of Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability: Validation of WHOOP. Sensors 2021, 21, 3571
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-04-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22083090
Abstract: The authors wish to correct the following errors in the original paper [...]
Sleep or swim? Early-morning training severely restricts the amount of sleep obtained by elite swimmers
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-07-2014
DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2012.696711
Abstract: Good sleep is essential for optimal performance, yet few studies have examined the sleep/wake behaviour of elite athletes. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of early-morning training on the amount of sleep obtained by world-class swimmers. A squad of seven swimmers from the Australian Institute of Sport participated in this study during 14 days of high-intensity training in preparation for the 2008 Olympic Games. During these 14 days, participants had 12 training days, each starting with a session at 06:00 h, and 2 rest days. For each day, the amount of sleep obtained by participants was determined using self-report sleep diaries and wrist-worn activity monitors. On nights that preceded training days, participants went to bed at 22:05 h (s=00:52), arose at 05:48 h (s=00:24) and obtained 5.4 h (s=1.3) of sleep. On nights that preceded rest days, participants went to bed at 00:32 h (s=01:29), arose at 09:47 h (s=01:47) and obtained 7.1 h (s=1.2) of sleep. Mixed model analyses revealed that on nights prior to training days, bedtimes and get-up times were significantly earlier (p<0.001), time spent in bed was significantly shorter (p<0.001) and the amount of sleep obtained was significantly less (p<0.001), than on nights prior to rest days. These results indicate that early-morning training sessions severely restrict the amount of sleep obtained by elite athletes. Given that chronic sleep restriction of <6 h per night can impair psychological and physiological functioning, it is possible that early-morning schedules actually limit the effectiveness of training.
No first night shift effect observed following a nocturnal main sleep and a prophylactic 1-h afternoon nap
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-04-2016
DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2016.1167727
Abstract: Neurobehavioural impairment on the first night shift is often greater than on subsequent night shifts due to extended wakefulness. The aim of the study was to determine whether a 1-h afternoon nap prior to the first night shift is sufficient to produce neurobehavioural performance at levels comparable to the second night shift. Twelve male volunteers (mean age 22.9 years) participated in a laboratory protocol that simulated two 12-h night shifts. A nap preceded the first shift and a 7-h daytime sleep was scheduled between shifts. Neurobehavioural performance and subjective sleepiness measured across each night did not significantly differ between first and second shifts.
HATS-31B THROUGH HATS-35B: FIVE TRANSITING HOT JUPITERS DISCOVERED BY THE HATSOUTH SURVEY
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 14-11-2016
The effects of a split sleep-wake schedule on neurobehavioural performance and predictions of performance under conditions of forced desynchrony
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-09-2014
DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.957763
Abstract: Extended wakefulness, sleep loss, and circadian misalignment are factors associated with an increased accident risk in shiftwork. Splitting shifts into multiple shorter periods per day may mitigate these risks by alleviating prior wake. However, the effect of splitting the sleep-wake schedule on the homeostatic and circadian contributions to neurobehavioural performance and subjective assessments of one's ability to perform are not known. Twenty-nine male participants lived in a time isolation laboratory for 13 d, assigned to one of two 28-h forced desynchrony (FD) schedules. Depending on the assigned schedule, participants were provided the same total time in bed (TIB) each FD cycle, either consolidated into a single period (9.33 h TIB) or split into two equal halves (2 × 4.67 h TIB). Neurobehavioural performance was regularly assessed with a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and subjectively-assessed ability was measured with a prediction of performance on a visual analogue scale. Polysomnography was used to assess sleep, and core body temperature was recorded to assess circadian phase. On average, participants obtained the same amount of sleep in both schedules, but those in the split schedule obtained more slow wave sleep (SWS) on FD days. Mixed-effects ANOVAs indicated no overall difference between the standard and split schedules in neurobehavioural performance or predictions of performance. Main effects of circadian phase and prior wake were present for both schedules, such that performance and subjective ratings of ability were best around the circadian acrophase, worst around the nadir, and declined with increasing prior wake. There was a schedule by circadian phase interaction for all neurobehavioural performance metrics such that performance was better in the split schedule than the standard schedule around the nadir. There was no such interaction for predictions of performance. Performance during the standard schedule was significantly better than the split schedule at 2 h of prior wake, but declined at a steeper rate such that the schedules converged by 4.5-7 h of prior wake. Overall, the results indicate that when the total opportunity for sleep per day is satisfactory, a split sleep-wake schedule is not detrimental to sleep or performance. Indeed, though not reflected in subjective assessments of performance capacity, splitting the schedule may be of some benefit, given its reduction of neurobehavioural impairment at night and its association with increased SWS. Therefore, for some industries that require operations to be sustained around the clock, implementing a split work-rest schedule may be of assistance.
Diet high in oat β-glucan activates the gut-hypothalamic (PYY3-36 -NPY) axis and increases satiety in diet-induced obesity in mice
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-06-2011
Can we put the first night effect to bed? An analysis based on a large sample of healthy adults
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-10-2022
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2133611
Abstract: The 'first night effect' refers to in iduals experiencing poorer sleep during their first night in a laboratory. The effect is attributed to sleeping in a new environment, as well as wearing electrodes on the head and face, and is often cited as a reason for including an adaptation night in sleep research protocols. However, in the time since the 'first night effect' was initially reported, the conditions and equipment used in modern sleep laboratories have changed considerably, which may reduce the 'first night effect.' The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the 'first night effect' on sleep in a s le of healthy adults. Participants (n = 124 22.7 ± 3.6 years) were given a 9-hour sleep opportunity (23:00-08:00 h) on two consecutive nights in a time-isolated sleep laboratory with sleep measured via polysomnography. Differences in dependent sleep variables between Night 1 and Night 2 were examined using paired t-tests. There was no difference in sleep onset latency (p = .295), total sleep time (p = .343), wake after sleep onset (p = .410), or sleep efficiency (p = .342) between Nights 1 and 2. However, participants spent more time in stage one (p = .001), and less time in stages two (p = .029) and three (p = .013) on Night 1 compared with Night 2. This suggests that, where primary sleep variables are the focus and not sleep architecture or arousals (e.g., where sleep is used as an independent variable), including an adaptation night may not be necessary.
TOI-677b: A Warm Jupiter (P= 11.2 days) on an Eccentric Orbit Transiting a Late F-type Star
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 06-03-2020
The relationships between human fatigue and public health: A brief commentary on selected papers from the 9th international conference on managing fatigue in transportation, resources and health
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-08-2016
Duty periods with early start times restrict the amount of sleep obtained by short-haul airline pilots
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2011.09.020
Abstract: Most of the research related to human fatigue in the aviation industry has focussed on long-haul pilots, but short-haul pilots also experience elevated levels of fatigue. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of early start times on the amount of sleep obtained prior to duty and on fatigue levels at the start of duty. Seventy short-haul pilots collected data regarding their duty schedule and sleep/wake behaviour for at least two weeks. Data were collected using self-report duty/sleep diaries and wrist activity monitors. Mixed-effects regression analyses were used to examine the effects of duty start time (04:00-10:00 h) on (i) the total amount of sleep obtained in the 12h prior to the start of duty and (ii) self-rated fatigue level at the start of duty. Both analyses indicated significant main effects of duty start time. In particular, the amount of sleep obtained in the 12h prior to duty was lowest for duty periods that commenced between 04:00 and 05:00 h (i.e. 5.4h), and greatest for duty periods that commenced between 09:00 and 10:00 h (i.e. 6.6h). These data indicate that approximately 15 min of sleep is lost for every hour that the start of duty is advanced prior to 09:00 h. In addition, self-rated fatigue at the start of duty was highest for duty periods that commenced between 04:00 and 05:00 h, and lowest for duty periods that commenced between 09:00 and 10:00 h. Airlines should implement a fatigue risk management system (FRMS) for short-haul pilots required to work early-morning shifts. One component of the FRMS should be focussed on the production of 'fatigue-friendly' rosters. A second component of the FRMS should be focussed on training pilots to optimise sleep opportunities, to identify circumstances where the likelihood of fatigue is elevated, and to manage the risks associated with fatigue-related impairment.
HATS-3b: AN INFLATED HOT JUPITER TRANSITING AN F-TYPE STAR
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 27-09-2013
Behavioural Plasticity in Foraging Mode of Typical Plovers
Publisher: Netherlands Ornithologists' Union
Date: 10-2007
DOI: 10.5253/078.095.0208
HATS-59b,c: A Transiting Hot Jupiter and a Cold Massive Giant Planet around a Sun-like Star
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 18-10-2018
The influence of circadian time and sleep dose on subjective fatigue ratings
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2011.09.026
Abstract: Subjective ratings of fatigue are increasingly being used as part of a suite of tools to assess fatigue-related risk on the road and in the workplace. There is some debate however, as to whether in iduals can accurately gauge their own fatigue states, particularly under conditions of sleep restriction. It is also unclear which references are used by in iduals to assess fatigue - for ex le prior sleep, time of day, workload, or previous ratings. The current study used a sophisticated laboratory protocol to examine the independent contributions of sleep, circadian phase and sleep debt to fatigue ratings. Importantly, participants had no knowledge of time of day, how much sleep they were getting, or how long they were awake. Twenty-eight healthy, young males participated in one of two conditions of a 28 h forced desynchrony protocol - severe sleep restriction (4.7h sleep and 23.3h wake) or moderate sleep restriction (7h sleep and 21 h wake). Fatigue ratings were provided prior to and following each sleep period using the Samn-Perelli fatigue scale. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to analyse the effects of circadian phase, sleep dose and study day. Results demonstrated an effect of circadian phase on both pre-sleep and post-sleep fatigue ratings. The significant effect of study day is interpreted as an effect of circadian time, as opposed to accumulating sleep debt. An effect of sleep dose was only seen in post-sleep fatigue ratings. The findings suggest that post-sleep fatigue ratings may be sensitive to prior sleep and may be useful as an indicator of fatigue-related risk, particularly when triangulated with information about recent total sleep time.
HATS-37Ab and HATS-38b: Two Transiting Hot Neptunes in the Desert
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 27-10-2020
K2-287 b: An Eccentric Warm Saturn Transiting a G-dwarf
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 06-02-2019
The effect of sleep restriction on snacking behaviour during a week of simulated shiftwork
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2011.09.028
Abstract: Due to irregular working hours shiftworkers experience circadian disruption and sleep restriction. There is some evidence to indicate that these factors adversely affect health through changes in snacking behaviour. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of sleep restriction, prior wake and circadian phase on snacking behaviour during a week of simulated shiftwork. Twenty-four healthy males (age: 22.0 ± 3.6 years, mean ± SD) lived in a sleep laboratory for 12 consecutive days. Participants were assigned to one of two schedules: a moderate sleep restriction condition (n=10) equivalent to a 6-h sleep opportunity per 24h or a severe sleep restriction condition (n=14) equivalent to a 4-h sleep opportunity per 24h. In both conditions, sleep/wake episodes occurred 4h later each day to simulate a rotating shiftwork pattern. While living in the laboratory, participants were served three meals and were provided with either five (moderate sleep restriction condition) or six (severe sleep restriction condition) snack opportunities daily. Snack choice was recorded at each opportunity and assigned to a category (sweet, savoury or healthy) based on the content of the snack. Data were analysed using a Generalised Estimating Equations approach. Analyses show a significant effect of sleep restriction condition on overall and sweet snack consumption. The odds of consuming a snack were significantly greater in the severe sleep restriction condition (P<0.05) compared to the moderate sleep restriction condition. In particular, the odds of choosing a sweet snack were significantly increased in the severe sleep restriction condition (P<0.05). Shiftworkers who are severely sleep restricted may be at risk of obesity and related health disorders due to elevated snack consumption and unhealthy snack choice. To further understand the impact of sleep restriction on snacking behaviour, future studies should examine physiological, psychological and environmental motivators.
The efficacy of objective and subjective predictors of driving performance during sleep restriction and circadian misalignment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2015.10.014
Abstract: Fatigue is a significant contributor to motor-vehicle accidents and fatalities. Shift workers are particularly susceptible to fatigue-related risks as they are often sleep-restricted and required to commute around the clock. Simple assays of performance could provide useful indications of risk in fatigue management, but their effectiveness may be influenced by changes in their sensitivity to sleep loss across the day. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of several neurobehavioral and subjective tasks to sleep restriction (SR) at different circadian phases and their efficacy as predictors of performance during a simulated driving task. Thirty-two volunteers (M±SD 22.8±2.9 years) were time-isolated for 13-days and participated in one of two 14-h forced desynchrony protocols with sleep opportunities equivalent to 8h/24h (control) or 4h/24h (SR). At regular intervals during wake periods, participants completed a simulated driving task, several neurobehavioral tasks, including the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT), and subjective ratings, including a self-assessment measure of ability to perform. Scores transformed into standardized units relative to baseline were folded into circadian phase bins based on core body temperature. Sleep dose and circadian phase effect sizes were derived via mixed models analyses. Predictors of driving were identified with regressions. Performance was most sensitive to sleep restriction around the circadian nadir. The effects of sleep restriction around the circadian nadir were larger for simulated driving and neurobehavioral tasks than for subjective ratings. Tasks did not significantly predict driving performance during the control condition or around the acrophase during the SR condition. The PVT and self-assessed ability were the best predictors of simulated driving across circadian phases during SR. These results show that simple performance measures and self-monitoring explain a large proportion of the variance in driving when fatigue-risk is high.
HATS-36b and 24 Other Transiting/Eclipsing Systems from the HATSouth-K2 Campaign 7 Program
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 15-02-2018
Are two halves better than one whole? A comparison of the amount and quality of sleep obtained by healthy adult males living on split and consolidated sleep–wake schedules
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2015.10.012
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the quantity/quality of sleep obtained by people living on split and consolidated sleep-wake schedules. The study had a between-groups design, with 13 participants in a consolidated condition (all males, mean age of 22.5yr) and 16 participants in a split condition (all males, mean age of 22.6yr). Both conditions employed forced desynchrony protocols with the activity:rest ratio set at 2:1, but the consolidated condition had one sleep-wake cycle every 28h (9.33+18.67), while the split condition had one sleep-wake cycle every 14h (4.67+9.33). Sleep was assessed using polysomnography. Participants in the split and consolidated conditions obtained 4.0h of sleep per 14h and 7.6h of sleep per 28h, respectively. Some differences between the groups indicated that sleep quality was lower in the split condition than the consolidated condition: the split sleeps had longer sleep onset latency (9.7 vs. 4.3min), more arousals (7.4 vs. 5.7 per hour in bed), and a greater percentage of stage 1 sleep (4.1% vs. 3.1%), than the consolidated sleeps. Other differences between the groups indicated that sleep quality was higher in the split condition than the consolidated condition: the split sleeps had a lower percentage of wake after sleep onset sleep (11.7% vs. 17.6%), and a greater percentage of slow wave sleep (30.2% vs. 23.8%), than the consolidated sleeps. These results indicate that the split schedule was not particularly harmful, and may have actually been beneficial, to sleep. Split work-rest schedules can be socially disruptive, but their use may be warranted in work settings where shiftworkers are separated from their normal family/social lives (e.g., fly-in fly-out mining) or where the need for family/social time is secondary to the task (e.g., emergency response to natural disasters).
Does hydrotherapy help or hinder adaptation to training in competitive cyclists?
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 08-2014
Using interstimulus interval to maximise sensitivity of the Psychomotor Vigilance Test to fatigue
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2015.10.013
Abstract: There is some evidence that short interstimulus intervals (ISIs) on the Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) are associated with longer and more varied reaction times (RTs). Preparation processes may impede RT following short ISIs, resulting in additional unexplained variance. The aims of this study were to investigate whether there is an effect of ISI on RT and errors within the PVT, and whether such an effect changes with three elements of fatigue: time of day, prior wake and time on task. Twelve male participants completed 49 PVTs across 7× 28h periods of forced desynchrony. For analysis, RTs, reciprocal reaction times (1/RT), false starts and lapse responses within each 10min session were assigned to a 1-s ISI group, a 2-min time of task group, a 2.5-h PW level and a 60° phase of the circadian rhythm of core body temperature (as a measure of time of day). Responses following short ISIs (2-5s) were significantly slower and more varied than responses following longer ISIs (5-10s). The likelihood of a lapse was also higher for short ISIs, while the probability of a false start increased as a function of ISI. These effects were independent of the influences of time of day, prior wake and time on task. Hence, mixed model ANOVAs comprising only long ISIs (5-10s) contained stronger effect sizes for fatigue than a model of all ISIs (2-10s). Including an ISI variable in a model improved the model fit and explained more variance associated with fatigue. Short ISIs resulted in long RTs both in the presence and absence of fatigue, possibly due to preparation processes or ISI conditioning. Hence, omitting short ISI trials from RT means or including an ISI variable in analysis can reduce unwanted variance in PVT data, improving the sensitivity of the PVT to fatigue.
HATS-4b: A DENSE HOT JUPITER TRANSITING A SUPER METAL-RICH G STAR
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 26-06-2014
Daily Rhythms of Hunger and Satiety in Healthy Men during One Week of Sleep Restriction and Circadian Misalignment
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-01-2016
HATS-5b: A TRANSITING HOT SATURN FROM THE HATSouth SURVEY
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 06-05-0011
HATS-25B THROUGH HATS-30B: A HALF–DOZEN NEW INFLATED TRANSITING HOT JUPITERS FROM THE HATSOUTH SURVEY
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 04-10-2016
A Week of Sleep Restriction Does Not Affect Nighttime Glucose Concentration in Healthy Adult Males When Slow-Wave Sleep Is Maintained
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22186962
Abstract: The aim of this laboratory-based study was to examine the effect of sleep restriction on glucose regulation during nighttime sleep. Healthy males were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: 9 h in bed (n = 23, age = 24.0 year) or 5 h in bed (n = 18, age = 21.9 year). Participants had a baseline night with 9 h in bed (23:00–08:00 h), then seven nights of 9 h (23:00–08:00 h) or 5 h (03:00–08:00 h) in bed. Participants were mostly seated during the daytime but had three bouts of treadmill walking (4 km·h−1 for 10 min) at ~14:40 h, ~17:40 h, and ~20:40 h each day. On the baseline night and night seven, glucose concentration in interstitial fluid was assessed by using continuous glucose monitors, and sleep was assessed by using polysomnography. On night seven, compared to the 9 h group, the 5 h group obtained less total sleep (292 min vs. 465 min) and less REM sleep (81 min vs. 118 min), but their slow-wave sleep did not differ (119 min vs. 120 min), and their glucose concentration during sleep did not differ (5.1 mmol·L−1 vs. 5.1 mmol·L−1). These data indicate that sleep restriction does not cause elevated levels of circulating glucose during nighttime sleep when slow-wave sleep is maintained. In the future, it will be important to determine whether increased insulin is required to maintain circulating glucose at a normal level when sleep is restricted.
Evaluating the Typical Day-to-Day Variability of WHOOP-Derived Heart Rate Variability in Olympic Water Polo Athletes
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22186723
Abstract: Heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) can be used to infer readiness to perform exercise in athletic populations. Advancements in the photoplethysmography technology of wearable devices such as WHOOP allow for the frequent and convenient measurement of HR and HRV, and therefore enhanced application in athletes. However, it is important that the reliability of such technology is acceptable prior to its application in practical settings. Eleven elite male water polo players (age 28.8 ± 5.3 years [mean ± standard deviation] height 190.3 ± 3.8 cm body mass 95.0 ± 6.9 kg international matches 117.9 ± 92.1) collected their HR and HRV daily via a WHOOP strap (WHOOP 3.0, CB Rank, Boston, MA, USA) over 16 weeks ahead of the 2021 Tokyo Olympic Games. The WHOOP strap quantified HR and HRV via wrist-based photoplethysmography during overnight sleep periods. The weekly (i.e., 7-day) coefficient of variation in lnRMSSD (lnRMSSDCV) and HR (HRCV) was calculated as a measure of day-to-day variability in lnRMSSD and HR, and presented as a mean of the entire recording period. The mean weekly lnRMSSDCV and HRCV over the 16-week period was 5.4 ± 0.7% (mean ± 95% confidence intervals) and 7.6 ± 1.3%, respectively. The day-to-day variability in WHOOP-derived lnRMSSD and HR is within or below the range of day-to-day variability in alternative lnRMSSD (~3–13%) and HR (~10–11%) assessment protocols, indicating that the assessment of HR and HRV by WHOOP does not introduce any more variability than that which is naturally present in these variables.
Can a simple balance task be used to assess fitness for duty?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2011.09.030
Abstract: Human fatigue, caused by sleep loss, extended wakefulness, and/or circadian misalignment, is a major cause of workplace errors, incidents and accidents. In some industries, employees are required to undertake fitness for duty testing at the start of a shift to identify instances where their fatigue risk is elevated, so that minimisation and/or mitigation strategies can be implemented. Postural balance has been proposed as a fitness for duty test for fatigue, but it is largely untested. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of sleep loss, extended wakefulness and circadian phase on postural balance. Fourteen male participants spent 10 consecutive days in a sleep laboratory, including three adaptation days and eight simulated shiftwork days. To simulate a quickly rotating roster, shiftwork days were scheduled to begin 4h later each day, and consisted of a 23.3-h wake episode and a 4.7-h sleep opportunity. Every 2.5h during wake, balance was measured while standing as still as possible on a force platform with eyes open for one minute, and eyes closed for one minute. Subjective sleepiness was assessed using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Core body temperature, continuously recorded with rectal thermistors, was used to determine circadian phase. For measures of postural balance and subjective sleepiness, data were analysed using three separate repeated measures ANOVA with two within-subjects factors: circadian phase (six phases) and prior wake (nine levels). For subjective sleepiness, there was a significant effect of prior wake and circadian phase. In particular, sleepiness increased as prior wake increased, and was higher during biological night-time than biological daytime. For the eyes open balance task, there was no effect of prior wake or circadian phase. For the eyes closed balance task, there was a significant effect of circadian phase such that balance was poorer during the biological night-time than biological daytime, but there was no effect of prior wake. These results indicate that postural balance may be a viable tool for assessing fatigue associated with time of day, but may not be useful for assessing fatigue associated with extended hours of wake.
Cross-sectional associations between multiple lifestyle behaviors and health-related quality of life in the 10,000 steps cohort
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 08-04-2014
Sleep duration and chronic fatigue are differently associated with the dietary profile of shift workers
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-11-2016
DOI: 10.3390/NU8120771
Daytime naps can be used to supplement night-time sleep in athletes
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-06-2018
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1466795
Abstract: This study examined the efficacy of daytime napping to supplement night-time sleep in athletes. Twelve well-trained male soccer players completed three conditions in a randomised, counterbalanced order: 9 h in bed overnight with no daytime nap (9 h + 0 h) 8 h in bed overnight with a 1-h daytime nap (8 h + 1 h) and 7 h in bed overnight with a 2-h daytime nap (7 h + 2 h). Sleep was assessed using polysomnography. The total amount of sleep obtained in the three conditions was similar, i.e. 8.1 h (9 h + 0 h), 8.2 h (8 h + 1 h), and 8.0 h (7 h + 2 h). Daytime napping may be an effective strategy to supplement athletes' night-time sleep.
Alternatives to polysomnography (PSG): A validation of wrist actigraphy and a partial-PSG system
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-01-2014
DOI: 10.3758/S13428-013-0438-7
Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the validity of a sleep/wake activity monitor, an energy expenditure activity monitor, and a partial-polysomnography system at measuring sleep and wake under identical conditions. Secondary aims were to evaluate the sleep/wake thresholds for each activity monitor and to compare the three devices. To achieve these aims, two nights of sleep were recorded simultaneously with polysomnography (PSG), two activity monitors, and a partial-PSG system in a sleep laboratory. Agreement with PSG was evaluated epoch by epoch and with summary measures including total sleep time (TST) and wake after sleep onset (WASO). All of the devices had high agreement rates for identifying sleep and wake, but the partial-PSG system was the best, with an agreement of 91.6% ± 5.1%. At their best thresholds, the sleep/wake monitor (medium threshold, 87.7% ± 7.6%) and the energy expenditure monitor (very low threshold, 86.8% ± 8.6%) had similarly high rates of agreement. The summary measures were similar to those determined by PSG, but the partial-PSG system provided the most consistent estimates. Although the partial-PSG system was the most accurate device, both activity monitors were also valid for sleep estimation, provided that appropriate thresholds were selected. Each device has advantages, so the primary consideration for researchers will be to determine which best suits a given research design.
Physiological Effects Associated with Quinoa Consumption and Implications for Research Involving Humans: a Review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-08-2015
Another shipment of six short-period giant planets from TESS
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 28-02-2023
Abstract: We present the discovery and characterization of six short-period, transiting giant planets from NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) -- TOI-1811 (TIC 376524552), TOI-2025 (TIC 394050135), TOI-2145 (TIC 88992642), TOI-2152 (TIC 395393265), TOI-2154 (TIC 428787891), and TOI-2497 (TIC 97568467). All six planets orbit bright host stars (8.9 & G & 11.8, 7.7 & K & 10.1). Using a combination of time-series photometric and spectroscopic follow-up observations from the TESS Follow-up Observing Program Working Group, we have determined that the planets are Jovian-sized (RP = 0.99--1.45 RJ), have masses ranging from 0.92 to 5.26 MJ, and orbit F, G, and K stars (4766 ≤ Teff ≤ 7360 K). We detect a significant orbital eccentricity for the three longest-period systems in our s le: TOI-2025 b (P = 8.872 d, 0.394$^{+0.035}_{-0.038}$), TOI-2145 b (P = 10.261 d, e = $0.208^{+0.034}_{-0.047}$), and TOI-2497 b (P = 10.656 d, e = $0.195^{+0.043}_{-0.040}$). TOI-2145 b and TOI-2497 b both orbit subgiant host stars (3.8 & log g & .0), but these planets show no sign of inflation despite very high levels of irradiation. The lack of inflation may be explained by the high mass of the planets $5.26^{+0.38}_{-0.37}$ MJ (TOI-2145 b) and 4.82 ± 0.41 MJ (TOI-2497 b). These six new discoveries contribute to the larger community effort to use TESS to create a magnitude-complete, self-consistent s le of giant planets with well-determined parameters for future detailed studies.
No Effect of Chronotype on Hunger or Snack Consumption during a Night Shift with Acute Sleep Deprivation
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-03-2022
DOI: 10.3390/NU14071324
Abstract: Night shift workers experience circadian misalignment and sleep disruption, which impact hunger and food consumption. The study aim was to assess the impact of chronotype on hunger and snack consumption during a night shift with acute sleep deprivation. Seventy-two (36f, 36m) healthy adults participated in a laboratory study. A sleep opportunity (03:00–12:00) was followed by a wake period (12:00–23:00) and a simulated night shift (23:00–07:00). Subjective measures of hunger, prospective consumption, desire to eat fruit, and desire to eat fast food were collected before (12:20, 21:50) and after (07:20) the night shift. Snack opportunities were provided before (15:10, 19:40) and during (23:50, 03:30) the night shift. A tertile split of the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) distribution defined early (20:24 ± 0:42 h), intermediate (21:31 ± 0:12 h), and late chronotype (22:56 ± 0:54 h) categories. There were no main effects of chronotype on any subjective measure (p = 0.172–0.975), or on snack consumption (p = 0.420), and no interactions between chronotype and time of day on any subjective measure (p = 0.325–0.927) or on snack consumption (p = 0.511). Differences in circadian timing between chronotype categories were not associated with corresponding differences in hunger, prospective consumption, desire to eat fruit, desire to eat fast food, or snack consumption at any measurement timepoint.
HATS-6b: A WARM SATURN TRANSITING AN EARLY M DWARF STAR, AND A SET OF EMPIRICAL RELATIONS FOR CHARACTERIZING K AND M DWARF PLANET HOSTS
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 28-04-2015
Wellness, fatigue and physical performance acclimatisation to a 2-week soccer camp at 3600 m (ISA3600)
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 26-11-2013
The chronotype of elite athletes
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 12-2016
Abstract: The aims of this study were (i) to compare the chronotype distribution of elite athletes to a young adult population and (ii) to determine if there was a tendency for athletes to select and/or participate in sports which suited their chronotype. A total of 114 elite athletes from five sports (cricket, cycling, hockey, soccer and triathlon) participated in this study. The participants’ chronotype, sleepiness, sleep satisfaction and sleep quality were determined using the Horne and Östberg Morningness and Eveningness questionnaire, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and questions concerning their sleep satisfaction and quality. All questionnaires were administered during a typical training phase that was not in the lead up to competition and/or post competition. No differences between chronotype group for sleepiness, sleep satisfaction or sleep quality were found. There was a significantly higher proportion of triathletes that were morning and intermediate types compared to the control group χ 2 (2) = 7.5, p = 0.02. A significant relationship between sport and chronotype group (χ 2 (4)=15.9, p = 0.04) was observed, with a higher frequency of morning types involved in sports that required morning training. There was a clear indication that athletes tended to select and pursue sports that suited their chronotype. This was evident by the amount of morning types involved in morning sports. Given that athletes are more likely to pursue and excel in sports which suit their chronotype, it is recommended that coaches consider the athlete’s chronotype during selection processes or if possible design and implement changes to training schedules to either suit the athletes’ chronotype or the timing of an upcoming competition.
How Tired is Too Tired to Drive? A Systematic Review Assessing the Use of Prior Sleep Duration to Detect Driving Impairment
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-2023
DOI: 10.2147/NSS.S392441
Impact of short- compared to long-haul international travel on the sleep and wellbeing of national wheelchair basketball athletes
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-11-2018
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1398883
Abstract: Currently, very little is known about the impact of short- or long-haul air travel on the sleep and wellbeing of wheelchair basketball athletes. Eleven national wheelchair basketball athletes wore actigraphy monitors prior, during, and after air travel to the United Kingdom. Upon arrival, participants rated their subjective jet-lag, fatigue, and vigor. In iduals traveled to the United Kingdom from different locations in Australia, the United States, and Europe and were categorised according to travel length [LONG (up to 30.2 h) or SHORT (up to 6.5 h)]. Linear mixed models determined effects of travel length on sleep and subjective ratings of jet-lag, fatigue, and vigor. During competition, subjective fatigue and jet-lag were substantially higher (ES = 0.73 ±0.77) and (ES = 0.57 ±0.60), subjective vigor was lower (ES = 1.94 ±0.72), and get-up time was earlier (ES = 0.57 ±0.60) for LONG when compared to SHORT. Travelling greater distances by airplane had a larger effect on subjective ratings of jet-lag, fatigue and vigor, rather than sleep. Irrespective of travel group, sleep and subjective responses were compromised, reflecting the travel requirements, competition-mediated influences, and/or due to a change in environment.
Dietetic practice in appetite research – acute meal test studies
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-2007
The impact of training schedules on the sleep and fatigue of elite athletes
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-09-2014
DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.957306
Abstract: In any sport, successful performance requires a planned approach to training and recovery. While sleep is recognized as an essential component of this approach, the amount and quality of sleep routinely obtained by elite athletes has not been systematically evaluated. Data were collected from 70 nationally ranked athletes from seven different sports. Athletes wore wrist activity monitors and completed self-report sleep/training diaries for 2 weeks during normal training. The athletes also recorded their fatigue level prior to each training session using a 7-point scale. On average, the athletes spent 08:18 ± 01:12 h in bed, fell asleep at 23:06 ± 01:12 h, woke at 6:48 ± 01:30 h and obtained 06:30 ± 01:24 h of sleep per night. There was a marked difference in the athletes' sleep/wake behaviour on training days and rest days. Linear mixed model analyses revealed that on nights prior to training days, time spent in bed was significantly shorter (p = 0.001), sleep onset and offset times were significantly earlier (p < 0.001) and the amount of sleep obtained was significantly less (p = 0.001), than on nights prior to rest days. Moreover, there was a significant effect of sleep duration on pre-training fatigue levels (p ≤ 0.01). Specifically, shorter sleep durations were associated with higher levels of pre-training fatigue. Taken together, these findings suggest that the amount of sleep an elite athlete obtains is dictated by their training schedule. In particular, early morning starts reduce sleep duration and increase pre-training fatigue levels. When designing schedules, coaches should be aware of the implications of the timing of training sessions for sleep and fatigue. In cases where early morning starts are unavoidable, countermeasures for minimizing sleep loss - such as strategic napping during the day and correct sleep hygiene practices at night - should be considered.
An Individualized Intervention Increases Sleep Duration in Professional Athletes
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 23-09-2021
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004138
Abstract: Sargent, C, Lastella, M, Schwerdt, S, and Roach, GD. An in idualized intervention increases sleep duration in professional athletes. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3407–3413, 2021—Athletes typically obtain less sleep than is generally recommended for healthy adults. The aim of this study was to determine whether in idualized feedback could increase sleep duration in professional cricket players in the 3 weeks before the start of the domestic season. Players were randomly assigned to a control group (i.e., no in idual feedback n = 8) or an intervention group (i.e., in idual feedback about bedtime, wake time, and sleep duration n = 7). Night-time sleep and daytime naps were monitored using wrist activity monitors in conjunction with self-report sleep diaries for 1 week before, and 1 week after, the feedback intervention. Cumulative sleep duration was calculated as the sum of the sleep duration for a night-time sleep episode and any naps that occurred on the following day. Differences in cumulative sleep duration before and after the intervention were examined using a mixed-effects analysis of variance. There was an interaction between group and week for cumulative sleep duration ( p = 0.039 η 2 = 0.6 large). The average cumulative sleep duration was longer (+36 minutes) in the intervention group in week 2 compared with week 1. In idualized feedback can be used to increase sleep duration in professional cricket players. In future, it will be important to determine whether improvements in sleep duration can be maintained throughout the season.
Implementing a Circadian Adaptation Schedule after Eastward Flight in Young Male Athletes
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 25-10-2021
DOI: 10.3390/APP11219962
Abstract: This study examined the effectiveness of a circadian adaptation schedule in male cricketers after an 8.5 h eastward time zone change. Ten participants (aged 18.7 ± 0.9 y) were randomly assigned to a control group or an intervention group. Participants in the intervention group followed a light exposure schedule in which they were instructed to seek light in the three hours preceding, and avoid light in the three hours following their estimated core body temperature minimum. The rate of adaptation was assessed using the nightly excretion rate of urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin (aMT6s). General linear mixed models were conducted to assess the effect of condition (i.e., control and light intervention) on nocturnal secretion of aMT6s. Significant main effects of day (F(7, 35) = 10.4, p 0.001) were reflected by an increase in nocturnal melatonin excretion (i.e., all participants gradually adapted to the destination time zone). Subjective jet lag decreased by day (F(7, 54) = 22.9, p 0.001), bedtime was delayed by day (F(7, 54) = 3.1, p = 0.007) and get up time was earlier by day (F(7, 35) = 5.4, p 0.001). On average, it took 7 days for all participants to return to baseline levels following transmeridian travel. Similarly, it took 7 days for subjective jet lag to alleviate. In the initial 4 days of the protocol, the intervention group registered higher levels of nocturnal urinary melatonin, however, there was no significant differences in the rate of adaptation between the groups. It is possible that participants did not adhere to the intervention or that they followed the intervention but it was ineffective.
Does breaking up prolonged sitting when sleep restricted affect postprandial glucose responses and subsequent sleep architecture? – a pilot study
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-05-2018
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1466789
Abstract: This pilot study investigated the impact of breaking up prolonged sitting with light-intensity walking on postprandial glucose responses and sleep architecture. In a randomized, counterbalanced, crossover design, six healthy males completed a sitting condition and an active condition (sitting interrupted with light-intensity walking) for three consecutive days, following 5-h sleep opportunities at night. Postprandial glucose response and sleep (time spent in all stages) was assessed. Breaking up prolonged sitting with light-intensity walking did not affect postprandial glucose responses in sleep-restricted participants however a small increase (~9 min) in slow-wave sleep was observed.
OGLE-2014-BLG-1186: gravitational microlensing providing evidence for a planet orbiting the foreground star or for a close binary source?
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 29-01-2019
DOI: 10.1093/MNRAS/STZ306
A Validation of Six Wearable Devices for Estimating Sleep, Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Adults
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-08-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22166317
Abstract: The primary aim of this study was to examine the validity of six commonly used wearable devices, i.e., Apple Watch S6, Garmin Forerunner 245 Music, Polar Vantage V, Oura Ring Generation 2, WHOOP 3.0 and Somfit, for assessing sleep. The secondary aim was to examine the validity of the six devices for assessing heart rate and heart rate variability during, or just prior to, night-time sleep. Fifty-three adults (26 F, 27 M, aged 25.4 ± 5.9 years) spent a single night in a sleep laboratory with 9 h in bed (23:00–08:00 h). Participants were fitted with all six wearable devices—and with polysomnography and electrocardiography for gold-standard assessment of sleep and heart rate, respectively. Compared with polysomnography, agreement (and Cohen’s kappa) for two-state categorisation of sleep periods (as sleep or wake) was 88% (κ = 0.30) for Apple Watch 89% (κ = 0.35) for Garmin 87% (κ = 0.44) for Polar 89% (κ = 0.51) for Oura 86% (κ = 0.44) for WHOOP and 87% (κ = 0.48) for Somfit. Compared with polysomnography, agreement (and Cohen’s kappa) for multi-state categorisation of sleep periods (as a specific sleep stage or wake) was 53% (κ = 0.20) for Apple Watch 50% (κ = 0.25) for Garmin 51% (κ = 0.28) for Polar 61% (κ = 0.43) for Oura 60% (κ = 0.44) for WHOOP and 65% (κ = 0.52) for Somfit. Analyses regarding the two-state categorisation of sleep indicate that all six devices are valid for the field-based assessment of the timing and duration of sleep. However, analyses regarding the multi-state categorisation of sleep indicate that all six devices require improvement for the assessment of specific sleep stages. As the use of wearable devices that are valid for the assessment of sleep increases in the general community, so too does the potential to answer research questions that were previously impractical or impossible to address—in some way, we could consider that the whole world is becoming a sleep laboratory.
THE SPITZER MICROLENSING PROGRAM AS A PROBE FOR GLOBULAR CLUSTER PLANETS: ANALYSIS OF OGLE-2015-BLG-0448
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 23-05-2016
Finding DLMO: estimating dim light melatonin onset from sleep markers derived from questionnaires, diaries and actigraphy
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-09-2020
The likelihood of crashing during a simulated post-work commute decreases across a week of consecutive night shifts
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 24-08-2020
HATS-74Ab, HATS-75b, HATS-76b, and HATS-77b: Four Transiting Giant Planets Around K and M Dwarfs*
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 11-02-2022
Abstract: The relative rarity of giant planets around low-mass stars compared with solar-type stars is a key prediction from the core-accretion planet formation theory. In this paper we report on the discovery of four gas giant planets that transit low-mass late K and early M dwarfs. The planets HATS-74Ab (TOI 737b), HATS-75b (TOI 552b), HATS-76b (TOI 555b), and HATS-77b (TOI 730b) were all discovered from the HATSouth photometric survey and follow-up using TESS and other photometric facilities. We use the new ESPRESSO facility at the VLT to confirm systems and measure their masses. We find that these planets have masses of 1.46 ± 0.14 M J, 0.491 ± 0.039 M J, 2.629 ± 0.089 M J, and 1.374 − 0.074 + 0.100 M J, respectively, and radii of 1.032 ± 0.021 R J, 0.884 ± 0.013 R J, 1.079 ± 0.031 R J, and 1.165 ± 0.021 R J, respectively. The planets all orbit close to their host stars with orbital periods ranging from 1.7319 days to 3.0876 days. With further work, we aim to test core-accretion theory by using these and further discoveries to quantify the occurrence rate of giant planets around low-mass host stars.
HATS-18B: AN EXTREME SHORT-PERIOD MASSIVE TRANSITING PLANET SPINNING UP ITS STAR
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 20-10-2016
The time-of-day that breaks occur between consecutive duty periods affects the sleep strategies used by shiftworkers
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-04-2016
DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2016.1167716
Abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the sleep strategies used in breaks between consecutive shifts. For two weeks, 253 shiftworkers collected data regarding the timing of all shifts and sleeps. The final dataset included 395 between-shift breaks that had a standard duration (i.e. ~16 h). If a break included an entire night, participants had a single sleep on 80-93% of occasions, but if a break occurred predominantly during the daytime, participants had more than one sleep on 41-50% of occasions. These data indicate that the sleep strategy employed is influenced by the time-of-day that a break occurs.
Sleep duration is reduced in elite athletes following night-time competition
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-04-2016
DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2016.1167715
Abstract: This study examined the impact of competition on the sleep/wake behaviour of elite athletes. The sleep/wake behaviour of Australian Rules Football players was assessed with wrist activity monitors on the night immediately before, and the night immediately after, a day game and an evening game. The time of day that a game occurred had a marked influence on sleep/wake behaviour later that night. After the evening game, sleep onset was later, time in bed was shorter and total sleep obtained was less than after the day game. It is yet to be determined whether a reduction in sleep after evening games impairs recovery.
HATS-70b: A 13 MJ Brown Dwarf Transiting an A Star
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 02-01-2019
HATSouth: A Global Network of Fully Automated Identical Wide-Field Telescopes1
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 02-2013
DOI: 10.1086/669529
Changes in food choice patterns in a weight loss intervention
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-04-2015
HATS-8b: A LOW-DENSITY TRANSITING SUPER-NEPTUNE
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 17-07-2015
HATS-1b: THE FIRST TRANSITING PLANET DISCOVERED BY THE HATSouth SURVEY
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 21-11-2012
Cholesterol-lowering effects of oat β-glucan: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
TOI-1842b: A Transiting Warm Saturn Undergoing Reinflation around an Evolving Subgiant
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 21-01-2022
Abstract: The imminent launch of space telescopes designed to probe the atmospheres of exoplanets has prompted new efforts to prioritize the thousands of transiting planet candidates for follow-up characterization. We report the detection and confirmation of TOI-1842b, a warm Saturn identified by TESS and confirmed with ground-based observations from M inerva -Australis, NRES, and the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope. This planet has a radius of 1.04 − 0.05 + 0.06 R J , a mass of 0.214 − 0.038 + 0.040 M J , an orbital period of 9.5739 − 0.0001 + 0.0002 days, and an extremely low density ( ρ = 0.252 ± 0.091 g cm −3 ). TOI-1842b has among the best known combinations of large atmospheric scale height (893 km) and host-star brightness ( J = 8.747 mag), making it an attractive target for atmospheric characterization. As the host star is beginning to evolve off the main sequence, TOI-1842b presents an excellent opportunity to test models of gas giant reinflation. The primary transit duration of only 4.3 hr also makes TOI-1842b an easily-schedulable target for further ground-based atmospheric characterization.
Driving when distracted and sleepy: The effect of phone and passenger conversations on driving performance
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-06-2018
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1466799
Abstract: This study investigates the effect of passenger and phone conversations on sleep-restricted driving. Six volunteers (50% male, mean age 24.8 ± 4.3 years) had their sleep restricted to 4 h in bed followed by a 20-min simulated drive on three separate occasions. Each drive included either a passenger conversation, a mobile phone conversation or a quiet passenger. The effect size of a phone conversation on lane deviation was large while passenger conversation was small. The main effect of conversation on lane deviation was non-significant (F(2,10) = 2.57, p = 0.126). Combining sleep-restricted driving with conversations warrants further investigation.
The relative contributions of the homeostatic and circadian processes to sleep regulation under conditions of severe sleep restriction
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 07-2012
DOI: 10.5665/SLEEP.1956
The evidence that cyclic alternating pattern subtypes affect cognitive functioning is very weak
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2010
Two Massive Jupiters in Eccentric Orbits from the TESS Full-frame Images
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 13-12-2021
Abstract: We report the discovery of two short-period massive giant planets from NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Both systems, TOI-558 (TIC 207110080) and TOI-559 (TIC 209459275), were identified from the 30 minute cadence full-frame images and confirmed using ground-based photometric and spectroscopic follow-up observations from TESS’s follow-up observing program working group. We find that TOI-558 b, which transits an F-dwarf ( M * = 1.349 − 0.065 + 0.064 M ⊙ , R * = 1.496 − 0.040 + 0.042 R ⊙ , T eff = 6466 − 93 + 95 K, age 1.79 − 0.73 + 0.91 Gyr) with an orbital period of 14.574 days, has a mass of 3.61 ± 0.15 M J , a radius of 1.086 − 0.038 + 0.041 R J , and an eccentric ( e = 0.300 − 0.020 + 0.022 ) orbit. TOI-559 b transits a G dwarf ( M * = 1.026 ± 0.057 M ⊙ , R * = 1.233 − 0.026 + 0.028 R ⊙ , T eff = 5925 − 76 + 85 K, age 6.8 − 2.0 + 2.5 Gyr) in an eccentric ( e = 0.151 ± 0.011) 6.984 days orbit with a mass of 6.01 − 0.23 + 0.24 M J and a radius of 1.091 − 0.025 + 0.028 R J . Our spectroscopic follow up also reveals a long-term radial velocity trend for TOI-559, indicating a long-period companion. The statistically significant orbital eccentricity measured for each system suggests that these planets migrated to their current location through dynamical interactions. Interestingly, both planets are also massive ( M J ), adding to the population of massive giant planets identified by TESS. Prompted by these new detections of high-mass planets, we analyzed the known mass distribution of hot and warm Jupiters but find no significant evidence for multiple populations. TESS should provide a near magnitude-limited s le of transiting hot Jupiters, allowing for future detailed population studies.
Campaign 9 of theK2Mission: Observational Parameters, Scientific Drivers, and Community Involvement for a Simultaneous Space- and Ground-based Microlensing Survey
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 25-10-2016
Oat β-glucan supplementation does not enhance the effectiveness of an energy-restricted diet in overweight women
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 24-11-2010
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114509992856
Abstract: Epidemiological evidence shows an inverse relationship between dietary fibre intake and body weight gain. Oat β-glucan, a soluble fibre alters appetite hormones and subjective satiety in acute meal test studies, but its effects have not been demonstrated with chronic consumption. The present study aimed to test the effects in women of two different doses of oat β-glucan on weight loss and hormones associated with appetite regulation. In a 3-month parallel trial, sixty-six overweight females were randomised into one of three 2 MJ energy-deficit diets: a control and two interventions including 5–6 g or 8–9 g β-glucan. Anthropometric and metabolic variables (blood glucose level, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), LDL, HDL, TAG and leptin), together with markers of appetite regulation (cholecystokinin (CCK), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY) and PYY 3-36 ) were measured at baseline and at 3 months. After 3 months, all groups lost weight ( P 0·001) and showed a reduced waist circumference ( P 0·001). The study s le also showed reductions in TC, LDL, HDL, leptin, PYY, GLP-1 values (all P 0·001) and an increase in CCK levels ( P 0·001). No significant differences were noted between the groups for all outcome values except PYY levels ( P = 0·018). In broad terms, the addition of oat β-glucan did not enhance the effect of energy restriction on weight loss in mildly overweight women, although wide variations in observed results suggests that in idual responsiveness may be an issue.
Yin and yang, or peas in a pod? Individual-sport versus team-sport athletes and altitude training
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 19-11-2013
SPITZEROBSERVATIONS OF OGLE-2015-BLG-1212 REVEAL A NEW PATH TOWARD BREAKING STRONG MICROLENS DEGENERACIES
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 22-03-2016
A sub-Neptune transiting the young field star HD 18599 at 40 pc
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 27-03-2023
Abstract: Transiting exoplanets orbiting young nearby stars are ideal laboratories for testing theories of planet formation and evolution. However, to date only a handful of stars with age & Gyr have been found to host transiting exoplanets. Here we present the discovery and validation of a sub-Neptune around HD 18599 , a young (300 Myr), nearby (d = 40 pc) K star. We validate the transiting planet candidate as a bona fide planet using data from the TESS , Spitzer , and Gaia missions, ground-based photometry from IRSF , LCO , PEST , and NGTS , speckle imaging from Gemini, and spectroscopy from CHIRON , NRES , FEROS , and Minerva-Australis . The planet has an orbital period of 4.13 d , and a radius of 2.7 R⊕ . The RV data yields a 3-σ mass upper limit of 30.5 M⊕ which is explained by either a massive companion or the large observed jitter typical for a young star. The brightness of the host star (V∼9 mag) makes it conducive to detailed characterization via Doppler mass measurement which will provide a rare view into the interior structure of young planets.
Wrist-Based Photoplethysmography Assessment of Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability: Validation of WHOOP
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-05-2021
DOI: 10.3390/S21103571
Abstract: Heart rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) infer readiness to perform exercise in athletic populations. Technological advancements have facilitated HR and HRV quantification via photoplethysmography (PPG). This study evaluated the validity of WHOOP’s PPG-derived HR and HRV against electrocardiogram-derived (ECG) measures. HR and HRV were assessed via WHOOP 2.0 and ECG over 15 opportunities during October–December 2018. WHOOP-derived pulse-to-pulse (PP) intervals were edited with WHOOP’s proprietary filter, in addition to various filter strengths via Kubios HRV software. HR and HRV (Ln RMSSD) were quantified for each filter strength. Agreement was assessed via bias and limits of agreement (LOA), and contextualised using smallest worthwhile change (SWC) and coefficient of variation (CV). Regardless of filter strength, bias (≤0.39 ± 0.38%) and LOA (≤1.56%) in HR were lower than the CV (10–11%) and SWC (5–5.5%) for this parameter. For Ln RMSSD, bias (1.66 ± 1.80%) and LOA (±5.93%) were lowest for a 200 ms filter and WHOOP’s proprietary filter, which approached or exceeded the CV (3–13%) and SWC (1.5–6.5%) for this parameter. Acceptable agreement was found between WHOOP- and ECG-derived HR. Bias and LOA in Ln RMSSD approached or exceeded the SWC/CV for this variable and should be interpreted against its own level of bias precision.
Changes in blood gas transport of altitude native soccer players near sea-level and sea-level native soccer players at altitude (ISA3600)
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 26-11-2013
Nutrition & Dietetics: Gaining momentum, moving forward
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-02-2012
Poor diet quality in childhood cancer patients during treatment: A target for nutrition interventions
Publisher: Authorea, Inc.
Date: 16-07-2020
How well does a commercially available wearable device measure sleep in young athletes?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-05-2018
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1466800
Abstract: The validity of a commercially available wearable device for measuring total sleep time was examined in a s le of well-trained young athletes during night-time sleep periods and daytime naps. Participants wore a FitBit HR Charge on their non-dominant wrist and had electrodes attached to their face and scalp to enable polysomnographic recordings of sleep in the laboratory. The FitBit automatically detected 24/30 night-time sleep periods but only 6/20 daytime naps. Compared with polysomnography, the FitBit overestimated total sleep time by an average of 52 ± 152 min for night-time sleep periods, and by 4 ± 8 min for daytime naps. It is important for athletes and practitioners to be aware of the limitations of wearable devices that automatically detect sleep duration.
Flat-out napping: The quantity and quality of sleep obtained in a seat during the daytime increase as the angle of recline of the seat increases
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-06-2018
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1466801
Abstract: Some shiftwokers in the long-haul transportation industries (i.e. road, rail, sea, air) have the opportunity to sleep in on-board rest facilities during duty periods. These rest facilities are typically fitted with a seat with a maximum back angle to the vertical of 20°, 40°, or 90°. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of "back angle" on the quantity and quality of sleep obtained in a seat during a daytime nap. Six healthy adults (3 females aged 27.0 years and 3 males aged 22.7 years) each participated in three conditions. For each condition, participants had a 4-h sleep opportunity in a bed (02:00-06:00 h) followed by a 4-h sleep opportunity in a seat (13:00-17:00 h). The only difference between conditions was in the back angle of the seat to the vertical during the seat-based sleep periods: 20° (upright), 40° (reclined), and 90° (flat). Polysomnographic data were collected during all sleep episodes. For the seat-based sleep episodes, there was a significant effect of back angle on three of four measures of sleep quantity, i.e. total sleep time, slow-wave sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and three of four measures of sleep quality, i.e. latency to REM sleep, arousals, and stage shifts. In general, the quantity and quality of sleep obtained in the reclined and flat seats were better than those obtained in the upright seat. In particular, compared to the flat seat, the reclined seat resulted in similar amounts of total sleep and slow-wave sleep, but 37% less REM sleep and the upright seat resulted in 29% less total sleep, 30% less slow-wave sleep, and 79% less REM sleep. There are two main mechanisms that may explain the results. First, it is difficult to maintain the head in a comfortable position for sleep when sitting upright, and this is likely exacerbated during REM sleep, when muscle tone is very low. Second, an upright posture increases sympathetic activity and decreases parasympathetic activity, resulting in a heightened level of physiological arousal.
HATS-22b, HATS-23b and HATS-24b: three new transiting super-Jupiters from the HATSouth project
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 28-02-2017
DOI: 10.1093/MNRAS/STX500
External Activity Demands Differ Between Referees and Players During a Sub-Elite, Men’s Basketball Match
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-09-2019
DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1645268
Abstract: Match activity demands of basketball players have been well reported but little exists in terms of quantifying the demands encountered by referees during match-play. Potential differences between referees and players may identify different fitness capacities and subsequent need for different training regimes.
Athletes' precompetitive sleep behaviour and its relationship with subsequent precompetitive mood and performance
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-03-2014
DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2012.660505
Abstract: This investigation examined precompetitive sleep behaviour of 103 athletes and how it relates to precompetitive mood and subsequent performance. Results revealed that on the night before competition athletes slept well under the recommended target of eight hours of sleep for healthy adults, with almost 70% of athletes experiencing poorer sleep than usual. It was found that anxiety, noise, the need to use the bathroom and early event times were amongst the most commonly reported causes of disrupted sleep in athletes on the night prior to competition. The negative moods of fatigue and tension were both significantly negatively correlated with precompetitive relative sleep quality (r = -0.28, P = 0.004, r = -0.21, P = 0.030, respectively) and total sleep time (r = -0.23, P = 0.023, r = -0.20, P = 0.044, respectively). Additionally, tension was positively correlated with number of awakenings (r = -0.20, P = 0.045). Vigour was seen to be significantly positively associated with relative sleep quality (r = 0.24, P=0.013). The relationships between relative sleep quality and fatigue, tension and vigour accounted for approximately 4 - 5% of the variance in mood scores. Disrupted sleep did not demonstrate any significant relationship with relative sporting performance. Conclusions from the present investigation are that athletes may be at particular risk of disrupted sleep on the night prior to competition, and this disruption can negatively relate to an athlete's precompetitive mood states.
TOI-481 b and TOI-892 b: Two Long-period Hot Jupiters from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 29-10-2020
Abstract: We present the discovery of two new 10 day period giant planets from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission, whose masses were precisely determined using a wide ersity of ground-based facilities. TOI-481 b and TOI-892 b have similar radii (0.99 ± 0.01 R J and 1.07 ± 0.02 R J , respectively), and orbital periods (10.3311 days and 10.6266 days, respectively), but significantly different masses (1.53 ± 0.03 M J versus 0.95 ± 0.07 M J , respectively). Both planets orbit metal-rich stars ( [ Fe / H ] = + 0.26 ± 0.05 dex and [ Fe / H ] = + 0.24 ± 0.05 for TOI-481 and TOI-892, respectively) but at different evolutionary stages. TOI-481 is a M ⋆ = 1.14 ± 0.02 M ⊙ , R ⋆ = 1.66 ± 0.02 R ⊙ G-type star ( T eff = 5735 ± 72 K), that with an age of 6.7 Gyr, is in the turn-off point of the main sequence. TOI-892 on the other hand, is a F-type dwarf star ( T eff = 6261 ± 80 K), which has a mass of M ⋆ = 1.28 ± 0.03 M ⊙ and a radius of R ⋆ = 1.39 ± 0.02 R ⊙ . TOI-481 b and TOI-892 b join the scarcely populated region of transiting gas giants with orbital periods longer than 10 days, which is important to constrain theories of the formation and structure of hot Jupiters.
Athletes underestimate sleep quantity during daytime nap opportunities
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 29-05-2018
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1466787
Abstract: This study examined the difference between athletes' self-reported and objective sleep durations during two nap opportunities. Twelve well-trained male soccer players' sleep durations were assessed using polysomnography and a self-report question during a 60- and 120-min nap opportunity. Participants underestimated sleep compared to objective sleep assessments for both the 60-min nap opportunity (p = 0.004) and 120-min nap opportunity (p = 0.001). Soccer players underestimated their sleep duration by approximately 10 min per hour of nap opportunity. It is yet to be determined if athletes are likely to underestimate sleep duration during their main nighttime sleep period.
HATS-7b: A HOT SUPER NEPTUNE TRANSITING A QUIET K DWARF STAR
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 04-11-2015
Position statement-Altitude training for improving team-Sport players' performance: Current knowledge and unresolved issues
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 26-11-2013
HATS-47b, HATS-48Ab, HATS-49b, and HATS-72b: Four Warm Giant Planets Transiting K Dwarfs
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 26-03-2020
Sleep/wake behaviours of elite athletes from individual and team sports
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 04-07-2015
DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2014.932016
Abstract: Sleep is an essential component for athlete recovery due to its physiological and psychological restorative effects, yet few studies have explored the habitual sleep/wake behaviour of elite athletes. The aims of the present study were to investigate the habitual sleep/wake behaviour of elite athletes, and to compare the differences in sleep between athletes from in idual and team sports. A total of 124 (104 male, 20 female) elite athletes (mean ± s: age 22.2 ± 3.0 years) from five in idual sports and four team sports participated in this study. Participants' sleep/wake behaviour was assessed using self-report sleep diaries and wrist activity monitors for a minimum of seven nights (range 7-28 nights) during a typical training phase. Mixed-effects analyses of variances were conducted to compare the differences in the sleep/wake behaviour of athletes from two sport types (i.e. in idual and team). Overall, this s le of athletes went to bed at 22:59 ± 1.3, woke up at 07:15 ± 1.2 and obtained 6.8 ± 1.1 h of sleep per night. Athletes from in idual sports went to bed earlier, woke up earlier and obtained less sleep (in idual vs team 6.5 vs 7.0 h) than athletes from team sports. These data indicate that athletes obtain well below the recommended 8 h of sleep per night, with shorter sleep durations existing among athletes from in idual sports.
Glucose Concentrations from Continuous Glucose Monitoring Devices Compared to Those from Blood Plasma during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Healthy Young Adults
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-12-2021
Abstract: Continuous glucose monitoring devices measure glucose in interstitial fluid. The devices are effective when used by patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes but are increasingly being used by researchers who are interested in the effects of various behaviours of glucose concentrations in healthy participants. Despite their more frequent application in this setting, the devices have not yet been validated for use under such conditions. A total of 124 healthy participants were recruited to a ten-day laboratory study. Each participant underwent four oral glucose tolerance tests, and a total of 3315 out of a possible 4960 paired s les were included in the final analysis. Bland–Altman plots and mean absolute relative differences were used to determine the agreement between the two methods. Bland–Altman analyses revealed that the continuous glucose monitoring devices had proportional bias (R = 0.028, p 0.001) and a mean bias of −0.048 mmol/L, and device measurements were more variable as glucose concentrations increased. Ninety-nine per cent of paired values were in Zones A and B of the Parkes Error Grid plot, and there was an overall mean absolute relative difference of 16.2% (±15.8%). There was variability in the continuous glucose monitoring devices, and this variability was higher when glucose concentrations were higher. If researchers were to use continuous glucose monitoring devices to measure glucose concentrations during an oral glucose tolerance test in healthy participants, this variability would need to be considered.
Soccer activity profile of altitude versus sea-level natives during acclimatisation to 3600 m (ISA3600)
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 26-11-2013
HATS-60b–HATS-69b: 10 Transiting Planets from HATSouth
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 18-01-2019
Mild to Moderate Sleep Restriction Does Not Affect the Cortisol Awakening Response in Healthy Adult Males
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 25-11-2022
DOI: 10.3390/CLOCKSSLEEP4040054
Abstract: The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is a distinct rise in cortisol that occurs upon awakening that is thought to contribute to arousal, energy boosting, and anticipation. There is some evidence to suggest that inadequate sleep may alter the CAR, but the relationship between sleep duration and CAR has not been systematically examined. Healthy males (n = 111 age: 23.0 ± 3.6 yrs) spent 10 consecutive days/nights in a sleep laboratory. After a baseline night (9 h time in bed), participants spent either 5 h (n = 19), 6 h (n = 23), 7 h (n = 16), 8 h (n = 27), or 9 h (n = 26) in bed for seven nights, followed by a 9 h recovery sleep. The saliva s les for cortisol assay were collected at 08:00 h, 08:30 h and 08:45 h at baseline, on experimental days 2 and 5 and on the recovery day. The primary dependent variables were the cortisol concentration at awakening (08:00 h) and the cortisol area under the curve (AUC). There was no effect of time in bed on either the cortisol concentration at awakening or cortisol AUC. In all the time in bed conditions, the cortisol AUC tended to be higher at baseline and lower on experimental day 5. Five consecutive nights of mild to moderate sleep restriction does not appear to affect the CAR in healthy male adults.
Pork, beef and chicken have similar effects on acute satiety and hormonal markers of appetite
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2011
A Transiting Super-Earth in the Radius Valley and an Outer Planet Candidate Around HD 307842
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 27-06-2023
Abstract: We report the confirmation of a TESS-discovered transiting super-Earth planet orbiting a mid-G star, HD 307842 (TOI-784). The planet has a period of 2.8 days, and the radial velocity (RV) measurements constrain the mass to be 9.67 − 0.82 + 0.83 M ⊕ . We also report the discovery of an additional planet candidate on an outer orbit that is most likely nontransiting. The possible periods of the planet candidate are approximately 20–63 days, with the corresponding RV semi litudes expected to range from 3.2 to 5.4 m s −1 and minimum masses from 12.6 to 31.1 M ⊕ . The radius of the transiting planet (planet b) is 1.93 − 0.09 + 0.11 R ⊕ , which results in a mean density of 7.4 − 1.2 + 1.4 g cm − 3 suggesting that TOI-784 b is likely to be a rocky planet though it has a comparable radius to a sub-Neptune. We found TOI-784 b is located at the lower edge of the so-called “radius valley” in the radius versus insolation plane, which is consistent with the photoevaporation or core-powered mass-loss prediction. The TESS data did not reveal any significant transit signal of the planet candidate, and our analysis shows that the orbital inclinations of planet b and the planet candidate are 88.60 ° − 0.86 + 0.84 and ≤88.°3–89.°2, respectively. More RV observations are needed to determine the period and mass of the second object, and search for additional planets in this system.
Methods of the international study on soccer at altitude 3600 m (ISA3600)
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 26-11-2013
HATS-43b, HATS-44b, HATS-45b, and HATS-46b: Four Short-period Transiting Giant Planets in the Neptune–Jupiter Mass Range
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 13-02-2018
Why water birds forage at night: a test using black‐tailed godwits Limosa limosa during migratory periods
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-03-2014
DOI: 10.1111/JAV.00420
TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). III. A Two-planet System in the 400 Myr Ursa Major Group
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 24-09-2020
HATS-39b, HATS-40b, HATS-41b, and HATS-42b: three inflated hot Jupiters and a super-Jupiter transiting F stars
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 20-03-2018
DOI: 10.1093/MNRAS/STY726
The effect of cereal fibre intake on postprandial blood glucose response
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Three low-mass companions around aged stars discovered by TESS
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 15-06-2023
Abstract: We report the discovery of three transiting low-mass companions to aged stars: a brown dwarf (TOI-2336b) and two objects near the hydrogen burning mass limit (TOI-1608b and TOI-2521b). These three systems were first identified using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). TOI-2336b has a radius of 1.05 ± 0.04 RJ, a mass of 69.9 ± 2.3 MJ and an orbital period of 7.71 d. TOI-1608b has a radius of 1.21 ± 0.06 RJ, a mass of 90.7 ± 3.7 MJ and an orbital period of 2.47 d. TOI-2521b has a radius of 1.01 ± 0.04 RJ, a mass of 77.5 ± 3.3 MJ, and an orbital period of 5.56 d. We found all these low-mass companions are inflated. We fitted a relation between radius, mass, and incident flux using the s le of known transiting brown dwarfs and low-mass M dwarfs. We found a positive correlation between the flux and the radius for brown dwarfs and for low-mass stars that is weaker than the correlation observed for giant planets. We also found that TOI-1608 and TOI-2521 are very likely to be spin-orbit synchronized, leading to the unusually rapid rotation of the primary stars considering their evolutionary stages. Our estimates indicate that both systems have much shorter spin-orbit synchronization time-scales compared to their ages. These systems provide valuable insights into the evolution of stellar systems with brown dwarf and low-mass stellar companions influenced by tidal effects.
23rd International Symposium on Shiftwork and Working Time: Towards a Global Consensus
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-06-2018
DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1493690
Abstract: The Working Time Society (WTS), and the International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) Scientific Committee on Shiftwork and Working Time, are twin organisations focused on conducting research, and informing practice, regarding the impact of work hours in general, and shiftwork in particular, on the efficiency, productivity, safety, well-being, health, and biological rhythms, of employees. Every 2-3 years since 1969, the WTS and ICOH have conducted a series of international symposia in Europe, Asia, Australia, North America, and South America. The purpose of these symposia is to provide a forum for the exchange of knowledge, and the discussion of contested issues, with researchers, employee representatives, regulators, and employers. The most recent symposium in this series - the 23rd International Symposium on Shiftwork and Working Time, entitled "Toward a Global Consensus" - was held on 19-23 June 2017, at Yulara, Australia, near Uluru. Since 2004, Chronobiology International has released a special issue after each symposium, and that tradition continues with a special issue that includes 17 contributions based on a selection of the 128 papers that were presented at the most recent symposium. Here, we provide an overview of the papers that comprise the special issue, and we briefly comment on the implications of the findings for shiftworkers and their employers.
Related Organisations
New Jersey Institute Of Technology
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