ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8956-5953
Current Organisations
University of Oxford
,
Sorbonne Université
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Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 23-08-2023
DOI: 10.1093/EURHEARTJ/EHAD535
Abstract: Effervescent formulations of paracetamol containing sodium bicarbonate have been reported to associate with increased blood pressure and a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. Given the major implications of these findings, the reported associations were re-examined. Using linked electronic health records data, a cohort of 475 442 UK in iduals with at least one prescription of paracetamol, aged between 60 and 90 years, was identified. Outcomes in patients taking sodium-based paracetamol were compared with those taking non–sodium-based formulations of the same. Using a deep learning approach, associations with systolic blood pressure (SBP), major cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke), and all-cause mortality within 1 year after baseline were investigated. A total of 460 980 and 14 462 patients were identified for the non–sodium-based and sodium-based paracetamol exposure groups, respectively (mean age: 74 years 64% women). Analysis revealed no difference in SBP [mean difference −0.04 mmHg (95% confidence interval −0.51, 0.43)] and no association with major cardiovascular events [relative risk (RR) 1.03 (0.91, 1.16)]. Sodium-based paracetamol showed a positive association with all-cause mortality [RR 1.46 (1.40, 1.52)]. However, after further accounting of other sources of residual confounding, the observed association attenuated towards the null [RR 1.08 (1.01, 1.16)]. Exploratory analyses revealed dysphagia and related conditions as major sources of uncontrolled confounding by indication for this association. This study does not support previous suggestions of increased SBP and an elevated risk of cardiovascular events from short-term use of sodium bicarbonate paracetamol in routine clinical practice.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 20-01-2022
DOI: 10.1136/HEARTJNL-2021-320171
Abstract: Evidence from randomised trials of pharmacological treatments on long-term blood pressure (BP) reduction is limited. We investigated the antihypertensive drug effects on BP over time and across different participant characteristics. We conducted an in idual patient-level data meta-analysis of 52 large-scale randomised clinical trials in the Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration using mixed models to examine treatment effects on BP over 4 years of mean follow-up. There were 363 684 participants (42% women), with baseline mean age=65 years and mean systolic/diastolic BP=152/87 mm Hg, and among whom 19% were current smokers, 49% had cardiovascular disease, 28% had diabetes and 69% were taking antihypertensive treatment at baseline. Drugs were effective in lowering BP showing maximal effect after 12 months and gradually attenuating towards later years. Based on measures taken ≥12 months postrandomisation, mean systolic/diastolic BP difference (95% CI) between more and less intense BP-lowering treatment was −11.1 (−11.3 to −10.8)/−5.6 (−5.7 to −5.4) mm Hg between active treatment and placebo was −5.1 (−5.3 to −5.0)/−2.3 (−2.4 to −2.2) mm Hg and between active and control arms for drug comparison trials was −1.4 (−1.5 to −1.3)/−0.6 (−0.7 to −0.6) mm Hg. BP reductions were observed across different baseline BP values and ages, and by sex, history of cardiovascular disease and diabetes and prior antihypertensive treatment use. These findings suggest that BP-lowering pharmacotherapy is effective in lowering BP, up to 4 years on average, in people with different characteristics. Appropriate treatment strategies are needed to sustain substantive long-term BP reductions.
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Date: 1984
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-01-2013
Abstract: Suicide, a social phenomenon, is a major health problem in most countries. Yet data relating to the role social factors play in the development of this condition are lacking, with some factors shrouded in greater ambiguity than others. As such, this review aimed to determine the prevalence of social-related factors resulting in suicide and to present these findings through meta-analyses, allowing for causes of heterogeneity to be examined. Scientific databases including PubMed and Science direct were searched using sensitive keywords. Two researchers reviewed the eligibility of studies and extracted data. Meta-regression with the Mantel-Haenszel method was conducted using a random effect model, in addition to subgroup analysis and Egger’s test. A total of 2,526 articles were retrieved through the initial search strategy, producing 20 studies from 16 provinces for analysis. The most frequent cause of attempted suicide among the 20 analyzed articles was family conflict with 32% (95% CI: 26–38). Other related factors included marital problems (26% 95% CI: 20–33), economic constrains (12% 95% CI: 8–15) and educational failures (5% 95% CI: 3–8). Results of meta-regression analysis found that s le size significantly affects heterogeneity for the factor ‘family conflict’. Social factors such as family conflicts and marital problems have a noticeable role in Iranian suicidology.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 25-11-2011
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-12-2004
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 21-10-2009
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 07-2001
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 1997
DOI: 10.1071/AS97125
Abstract: The DEep Near-Infrared Survey of the southern sky (DENIS) will produce an important by-product: a clean, complete view of the local Universe to z ∼ 0·07 for 10 5 galaxies. We identify the FLAIR multi-fibre system on the UKST as an extremely competitive facility to undertake follow-up spectroscopy for this s le due to the need to cover wide areas of sky and observe thousands of objects to a relatively bright ( B 17·5) magnitude.
Publisher: American Astronomical Society
Date: 08-08-2018
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 02-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2013.09.013
Abstract: Tramadol hydrochloride is a common prescription pain reliever that is structurally similar to morphine and codeine with its analgesic effects identified as a mu-receptor agonist. Due to its opioid-like stimulant effects, the potential for tramadol misuse is a public health concern. As such, the aim of this investigation is to estimate the prevalence of tramadol misuse in a s le of Iranian adolescents and to assess the relationship between tramadol misuse and other substance use. This is the first phase of a prospective survey examining the prevalence of adolescent smoking status, substances use and related factors in Ilam city, Iran. Grade 10 male and female students (n=2000) were recruited using multistage s ling. Self-administered multiple-choice questionnaires were conducted with data analysed using cross tabulations and logistic regression models. The prevalence of lifetime tramadol misuse was 4.8% (7.6% males 1.8% females). Adjusted odds ratios and confidence intervals for lifetime tramadol misusers reporting substance use during the past month were 2.2 (1.1-4.4) for alcohol, 5.0 (1.5-21.9) for cannabis, 8.9 (2.7-29.4) for ecstasy, 0.5 (0.03-7.0) for meth hetamine and 2.3 (0.7-7.4) for opium. Tramadol could be a related factor or co-factor for adolescent alcohol, cannabis and ecstasy use. We recommend future longitudinal studies to investigate the possible role of tramadol as a gateway drug in the development of substance abuse.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 16-09-2016
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
Date: 12-2002
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Date: 2001
Location: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Location: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Location: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Location: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: Iran (Islamic Republic of)
Location: United States of America
No related grants have been discovered for Gary Mamon.