ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4918-4640
Current Organisations
Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine
,
Universität Hamburg
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-02-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S42003-022-03020-9
Abstract: Merozoite invasion of host red blood cells (RBCs) is essential for survival of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum . Proteins involved with RBC binding and invasion are secreted from dual-club shaped organelles at the apical tip of the merozoite called the rhoptries. Here we characterise P. falciparum Cytosolically Exposed Rhoptry Leaflet Interacting protein 2 (PfCERLI2), as a rhoptry bulb protein that is essential for merozoite invasion. Phylogenetic analyses show that cerli2 arose through an ancestral gene duplication of cerli1 . We show that PfCERLI2 is essential for blood-stage growth and localises to the cytosolic face of the rhoptry bulb. Inducible knockdown of PfCERLI2 led to a proportion of merozoites failing to invade and was associated with elongation of the rhoptry organelle during merozoite development and inhibition of rhoptry antigen processing. These findings identify PfCERLI2 as a protein that has key roles in rhoptry biology during merozoite invasion.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-08-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-021-24954-4
Abstract: The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum replicates inside erythrocytes in the blood of infected humans. During each replication cycle, a small proportion of parasites commits to sexual development and differentiates into gametocytes, which are essential for parasite transmission via the mosquito vector. Detailed molecular investigation of gametocyte biology and transmission has been h ered by difficulties in generating large numbers of these highly specialised cells. Here, we engineer P. falciparum NF54 inducible gametocyte producer (iGP) lines for the routine mass production of synchronous gametocytes via conditional overexpression of the sexual commitment factor GDV1. NF54/iGP lines consistently achieve sexual commitment rates of 75% and produce viable gametocytes that are transmissible by mosquitoes. We also demonstrate that further genetic engineering of NF54/iGP parasites is a valuable tool for the targeted exploration of gametocyte biology. In summary, we believe the iGP approach developed here will greatly expedite basic and applied malaria transmission stage research.
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Date: 26-04-2022
Abstract: Plasmodium falciparum -infected erythrocytes possess multiple compartments with designated membranes. Transporter proteins embedded in these membranes not only facilitate movement of nutrients, metabolites, and other molecules between these compartments, but also are common therapeutic targets and can confer antimalarial drug resistance.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 27-11-2020
DOI: 10.1101/2020.11.26.400549
Abstract: Merozoite invasion of host red blood cells (RBCs) is essential for survival of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum . Proteins involved with RBC binding and invasion are secreted from dual-club shaped organelles at the apical tip of the merozoite called the rhoptries. Here we characterise P. falciparum Cytosolically Exposed Rhoptry Leaflet Interacting protein 2 (PfCERLI2), as a rhoptry bulb protein that is essential for merozoite invasion. Phylogenetic analyses show that cerli2 arose through an ancestral gene duplication of cerli1 , a related cytosolically exposed rhoptry bulb protein. We show that PfCERLI2 is essential for blood-stage growth and localises to the cytosolic face of the rhoptry bulb. Inducible knockdown of PfCERLI2 led to an inhibition of merozoite invasion after tight junction formation. PfCERLI2 knockdown was associated with inhibition of rhoptry antigen processing and a significant elongation of the rhoptries, suggesting that the inability of merozoites to invade is caused by aberrant rhoptry function due to PfCERLI2 deficiency. These findings identify PfCERLI2 as a protein that has key roles in rhoptry biology during merozoite invasion.
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 24-12-2021
DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.21.473770
Abstract: Membrane transport proteins perform crucial roles in cell physiology. The obligate intracellular parasite Plasmodium falciparum , an agent of human malaria, relies on membrane transport proteins for the uptake of nutrients from the host, disposal of metabolic waste, exchange of metabolites between organelles and generation and maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradients for its growth and replication within human erythrocytes. Despite their importance for Plasmodium cellular physiology, the functional roles of a number of membrane transport proteins remain unclear, which is particularly true for orphan membrane transporters that have no or limited sequence homology to transporter proteins in other evolutionary lineages. Therefore, in the current study, we applied endogenous tagging, targeted gene disruption, conditional knockdown and knockout approaches to investigate the subcellular localization and essentiality of six membrane transporters during intraerythrocytic development of P. falciparum parasites. They are localized at different subcellular structures – the food vacuole, the apicoplast, and the parasite plasma membrane – and four out of the six membrane transporters are essential during asexual development. Additionally, the plasma membrane resident transporter 1 (PMRT1, PF3D7_1135300), a unique Plasmodium -specific plasma membrane transporter, was shown to be essential for gametocytogenesis and functionally conserved within the genus Plasmodium . Overall, we reveal the importance of four orphan transporters to blood stage P. falciparum development, which have erse intracellular localizations and putative functions. Plasmodium falciparum -infected erythrocytes possess multiple compartments with designated membranes. Transporter proteins embedded in these membranes do not only facilitate movement of nutrients, metabolites and other molecules between these compartments, but are common therapeutic targets and can also confer antimalarial drug resistance. Orphan membrane transporter in P. falciparum without sequence homology to transporters in other evolutionary lineages and ergent to host transporters may constitute attractive targets for novel intervention approaches. Here, we localized six of these putative transporters at different subcellular compartments and probed into their importance during asexual parasite growth using reverse genetic approaches. In total, only two candidates turned out to be dispensable for the parasite, highlighting four candidates as putative targets for therapeutic interventions. This study reveals the importance of several orphan transporters to blood stage P. falciparum development.
No related grants have been discovered for Arne Alder.