ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4572-0322
Current Organisation
Xi'an Jiaotong University
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Physical Chemistry of Materials | Functional Materials | Materials Engineering
Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences | Environmentally Sustainable Manufacturing not elsewhere classified | Ceramics |
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 20-12-2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3529952
Abstract: The temperature dependence of the shear piezoelectric responses in relaxor-PbTiO3 based perovskite crystals with rhombohedral, orthorhombic, and tetragonal phases were investigated. Based on thermodynamic analysis, high shear piezoelectric coefficients (d24) and good thermal stability were predicted in orthorhombic crystals, owing to the “vertical” orthorhombic-rhombohedral phase boundary. By resonance measurements, shear piezoelectric coefficient d24 was found to be on the order of ∼2100 pC/N at room temperature, maintaining same value over the temperature range of −50–100 °C. In contrast, the shear piezoelectric coefficients d15, with values of 3300, 3600, and 2000 pC/N at room temperature for rhombohedral, orthorhombic, and tetragonal crystals, respectively, exhibited strong temperature dependent behavior due to their respective ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transitions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-12-2016
DOI: 10.1038/NCOMMS13807
Abstract: The discovery of ultrahigh piezoelectricity in relaxor-ferroelectric solid solution single crystals is a breakthrough in ferroelectric materials. A key signature of relaxor-ferroelectric solid solutions is the existence of polar nanoregions, a nanoscale inhomogeneity, that coexist with normal ferroelectric domains. Despite two decades of extensive studies, the contribution of polar nanoregions to the underlying piezoelectric properties of relaxor ferroelectrics has yet to be established. Here we quantitatively characterize the contribution of polar nanoregions to the dielectric iezoelectric responses of relaxor-ferroelectric crystals using a combination of cryogenic experiments and phase-field simulations. The contribution of polar nanoregions to the room-temperature dielectric and piezoelectric properties is in the range of 50–80%. A mesoscale mechanism is proposed to reveal the origin of the high piezoelectricity in relaxor ferroelectrics, where the polar nanoregions aligned in a ferroelectric matrix can facilitate polarization rotation. This mechanism emphasizes the critical role of local structure on the macroscopic properties of ferroelectric materials.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 11-0008
DOI: 10.1063/1.4893316
Abstract: The (Nb + In) co-doped TiO2 ceramics recently attracted considerable attention due to their colossal dielectric permittivity (CP) (∼100,000) and low dielectric loss (∼0.05). In this research, the 0.5 mol. % In-only, 0.5 mol. % Nb-only, and 0.5–7 mol. % (Nb + In) co-doped TiO2 ceramics were synthesized by standard conventional solid-state reaction method. Microstructure studies showed that all s les were in pure rutile phase. The Nb and In ions were homogeneously distributed in the grain and grain boundary. Impedance spectroscopy and I-V behavior analysis demonstrated that the ceramics may compose of semiconducting grains and insulating grain boundaries. The high conductivity of grain was associated with the reduction of Ti4+ ions to Ti3+ ions, while the migration of oxygen vacancy may account for the conductivity of grain boundary. The effects of annealing treatment and bias filed on electrical properties were investigated for co-doped TiO2 ceramics, where the electric behaviors of s les were found to be susceptible to the annealing treatment and bias field. The internal-barrier-layer-capacitance mechanism was used to explain the CP phenomenon, the effect of annealing treatment and nonlinear I-V behavior for co-doped rutile TiO2 ceramics. Compared with CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics, the high activation energy of co-doped rutile TiO2 (3.05 eV for grain boundary) was thought to be responsible for the low dielectric loss.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 09-06-2014
DOI: 10.1063/1.4882060
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 18-08-2016
DOI: 10.1063/1.4961202
Abstract: The electromechanical properties of [111]-oriented tetragonal Pb(In1/2Nb1/2O3)-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3O3)-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) crystals were investigated for potential high frequency ultrasonic transducers. The domain-engineered tetragonal crystals exhibit an ultrahigh free dielectric permittivity ε33T & 10 000 with a moderate electromechanical coupling factor k33 ∼ 0.79, leading to a high cl ed dielectric permittivity ε33S of 2800, significantly higher than those of the rhombohedral relaxor-PT crystals and high-K (dielectric permittivity) piezoelectric ceramics. Of particular significance is that the [111]-oriented tetragonal crystals were found to possess high elastic stiffness, with frequency constant N33 of ∼2400 Hz m, allowing relatively easy fabrication of high-frequency transducers. In addition, no scaling effect of piezoelectric and dielectric properties was observed down to thickness of 0.1 mm, corresponding to an operational frequency of ∼24 MHz. These advantages of [111]-oriented tetragonal PIN-PMN-PT crystals will benefit high-frequency ultrasonic array transducers, allowing for high sensitivity, broad bandwidth, and reduced noise/crosstalk.
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 22-04-2022
Abstract: Relaxor-lead titanate (PbTiO 3 ) crystals, which exhibit extremely high piezoelectricity, are believed to possess high electro-optic (EO) coefficients. However, the optical transparency of relaxor-PbTiO 3 crystals is severely reduced as a result of light scattering and reflection by domain walls, limiting electro-optic applications. Through synergistic design of a ferroelectric phase, crystal orientation, and poling technique, we successfully removed all light-scattering domain walls and achieved an extremely high transmittance of 99.6% in antireflection film–coated crystals, with an ultrahigh EO coefficient r 33 of 900 picometers per volt (pm V −1 ), times as high as that of conventionally used EO crystals. Using these crystals, we fabricated ultracompact EO Q-switches that require very low driving voltages, with superior performance to that of commercial Q-switches. Development of these materials is important for the portability and low driving voltage of EO devices.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 29-10-2018
DOI: 10.1063/1.5045716
Abstract: In this letter, we report on significant flexoelectric fatigue in lead-free (K,Na,Li)(Nb,Sb)O3 (KNNLS) ceramics. In the ferroelectric phase of KNNLS, the observed effective transverse flexoelectric coefficient, which is initially as high as 1 μC/m, decreases nonlinearly with increasing cycles of strain gradient, and the fatigue regulation is well reproduced by a stretched exponential function. By comparing the time dependence of dielectric permittivity and ferroelectricity in KNNLS ceramics, we conclude that large flexoelectric and flexocoupling coefficients in the ferroelectric phase originate mainly from ferroelectricity and that the related flexoelectric fatigue is likely due to the pinning effect of ferroelectric domains.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3466978
Abstract: The piezoelectric response of [001] poled domain engineered (1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−xPbTiO3 (PMN-PT) crystals was investigated as a function of composition and phase using Rayleigh analysis. The results revealed that the intrinsic (reversible) contribution plays a dominant role in the high piezoelectric activity for PMN-PT crystals. The intrinsic piezoelectric response of the monoclinic (MC) PMN−xPT crystals, 0.31≤x≤0.35, exhibited peak values for compositions close to R-MC and MC-T phase boundaries, however, being less than 2000 pC/N. In the rhombohedral phase region, x≤0.30, the intrinsic piezoelectric response was found to increase as the composition approached the rhombohedral-monoclinic (R-MC) phase boundary. The maximum piezoelectric response was observed in rhombohedral PMN-0.30PT crystals, being on the order of 2500 pC/N. This ultrahigh piezoelectric response was determined to be related to the high shear piezoelectric activity of single domain state, corresponding to an ease in polarization rotation, for compositions close to a morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). The role of monoclinic phase is only to form a MPB with R phase, but not directly contribute to the ultrahigh piezoelectric activity in rhombohedral PMN-0.30PT crystals. The extrinsic contribution to piezoelectric activity was found to be less than 5% for the compositions away from R-MC and MC-T phase boundaries, due to a stable domain engineered structure. As the composition approached MPBs, the extrinsic contribution increased slightly (& %), due to the enhanced motion of phase boundaries.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-04-2011
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 10-2020
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 21-09-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 22-09-2014
DOI: 10.1063/1.4896578
Abstract: The electric-field-induced polarization and strain of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PMN) and Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.27PbTiO3 (PMN-0.27PT) crystals were investigated at temperatures above their respective maximum permittivity temperatures Tm, where the macro-polarizations vanish while polar nanoregions (PNRs) still persist. The local structure of PNRs was proved to be of rhombohedral phase in PMN, while the local phase was unstable for PMN-0.27PT, leading to the isotropic spontaneous polarization of PNRs and strong anisotropic electric-field-induced strain. The electrostrictive coefficient Q33 was determined as functions of temperature and E-field, with 50% increment over temperature range of 20 ∼120 °C for PMN, being attributed to the decrease of spontaneous polarization of PNRs with increasing temperature. The results presented in this paper indicate that the local structure and spontaneous polarization of PNRs play important roles on electromechanical properties of relaxor ferroelectrics.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 02-05-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3584851
Abstract: Poling relaxor-PbTiO3 single crystals along pseudocubic [011] results in a macroscopic symmetry of mm2, enabling a large face shear d36 in Zt±45° cut crystals. In order to allow the determination of electrical properties by the resonance method, square s les are required. Using Pb(In0.5Nb0.5)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 crystals, piezoelectric d36 coefficients were determined to be in the range of 2000–2500 pC/N, with electromechanical coupling factor k36∼0.80–0.83. Mechanical quality factor Q∼180 and ultralow frequency constant of ∼500 Hz m were obtained. Together with the wide temperature usage range (up to ∼110 °C) and high ac driving field stability (∼5 kV/cm), such face shear crystals have a promising potential for ultralow-frequency-transducer applications.
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 09-08-2019
Abstract: Dielectrics help hold charge as capacitors and are fundamental energy storage components. Improving energy density and other properties may help these materials be more competitive with batteries for energy storage applications. Pan et al. introduced a specific type of nanodomain structure in a BiFeO 3 -BaTiO 3 -SrTiO 3 solid solution that dramatically increased the energy density. The nanodomains were organized so as to minimize energy loss during polarization switching. The enhancement in the dielectric properties suggests that the strategy may be useful for designing high-performance dielectrics. Science , this issue p. 578
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-04-2010
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 10-05-2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3430059
Abstract: The piezoelectric activity in [001] poled Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 crystals was investigated as a function of composition and temperature. The level of intrinsic and/or extrinsic contribution to the total piezoelectric activity was analyzed using Rayleigh method. The results revealed that though 95% of the observed piezoelectric activity in rhombohedral crystals was intrinsic (lattice), the properties decreased significantly with decreasing temperature. At −150 °C, the piezoelectric response decreased by 40%–55% for the compositions close to a morphotropic phase boundary (rhombohedral-monoclinic or monoclinic-tetragonal), while decreasing only 20%–30% for the compositions in the rhombohedral region. The piezoelectric properties of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 polycrystalline ceramics were found to decrease by 75%, showing both intrinsic and extrinsic contributions play important role in the reduction in piezoelectricity at cryogenic temperatures for ceramics.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 29-04-2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4803183
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-02-2015
DOI: 10.1038/SREP08295
Abstract: The (Nb + In) co-doped TiO 2 ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid-state sintering (CSSS) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) methods. The phases and microstructures were studied by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, indicating that both s les were in pure rutile phase while showing significant difference in grain size. The dielectric and I–V behaviors of SPS and CSSS s les were investigated. Though both possess colossal permittivity (CP), the SPS s les exhibited much higher dielectric permittivity/loss factor and lower breakdown electric field when compared to their CSSS counterparts. To further explore the origin of CP in co-doped TiO 2 ceramics, the I–V behavior was studied on single grain and grain boundary in CSSS s le. The nearly ohmic I–V behavior was observed in single grain, while GBs showed nonlinear behavior and much higher resistance. The higher dielectric permittivity and lower breakdown electric field in SPS s les, thus, were thought to be associated with the feature of SPS, by which reduced space charges and/or impurity segregation can be achieved at grain boundaries. The present results support that the grain boundary capacitance effect plays an important role in the CP and nonlinear I–V behavior of (Nb + In) co-doped TiO 2 ceramics.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-03-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41563-018-0034-4
Abstract: Piezoelectric materials, which respond mechanically to applied electric field and vice versa, are essential for electromechanical transducers. Previous theoretical analyses have shown that high piezoelectricity in perovskite oxides is associated with a flat thermodynamic energy landscape connecting two or more ferroelectric phases. Here, guided by phenomenological theories and phase-field simulations, we propose an alternative design strategy to commonly used morphotropic phase boundaries to further flatten the energy landscape, by judiciously introducing local structural heterogeneity to manipulate interfacial energies (that is, extra interaction energies, such as electrostatic and elastic energies associated with the interfaces). To validate this, we synthesize rare-earth-doped Pb(Mg
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 07-11-2022
DOI: 10.1063/5.0097238
Abstract: Flexoelectricity of semiconductors usually exhibits large flexoelectric coefficients due to their significantly enhanced surface piezoelectricity caused by surface symmetry breaking. In this Letter, we reported a general paradigm to tune the semiconductor flexoelectricity through interface engineering. We selected Nb-SrTiO3 (Nb-STO) single crystals as the targets and tuned their surface piezoelectricity through depositing TiO2-terminated and SrO-terminated ultra-thin BaTiO3 (BTO) films. The results suggested that the deposition of TiO2-terminated and SrO-terminated ultra-thin BaTiO3 films to Nb-STO can induce a downward and upward out-of-plane surface polarization, respectively, thereby significantly increasing/decreasing the apparent flexoelectric coefficients of Nb-STO single crystals. Our work proves the feasibility of interface engineering in the application of flexoelectricity and also provides a possible route to achieve the large apparent flexoelectricity of semiconductor materials.
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 07-04-2023
Abstract: The piezoelectric properties of lead zirconate titanate [Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 or PZT] ceramics could be enhanced by fabricating textured ceramics that would align the crystal grains along specific orientations. We present a seed-passivated texturing process to fabricate textured PZT ceramics by using newly developed Ba(Zr,Ti)O 3 microplatelet templates. This process not only ensures the template-induced grain growth in titanium-rich PZT layers but also facilitates desired composition through interlayer diffusion of zirconium and titanium. We successfully prepared textured PZT ceramics with outstanding properties, including Curie temperatures of 360°C, piezoelectric coefficients d 33 of 760 picocoulombs per newton and g 33 of 100 millivolt meters per newton, and electromechanical couplings k 33 of 0.85. This study addresses the challenge of fabricating textured rhombohedral PZT ceramics by suppressing the otherwise severe chemical reaction between PZT powder and titanate templates.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 27-04-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2010
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-06-2018
Abstract: The utilization of antiferroelectric (AFE) materials is thought to be an effective approach to enhance the energy density of dielectric capacitors. However, the high energy dissipation and inferior reliability that are associated with the antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition are the main issues that restrict the applications of antiferroelectric ceramics. Here, simultaneously achieving high energy density and efficiency in a dielectric ceramic is proposed by combining antiferroelectric and relaxor features. Based on this concept, a lead-free dielectric (Na
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-04-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 03-2014
DOI: 10.1063/1.4861260
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 02-2012
DOI: 10.1063/1.3679521
Abstract: Ferroelectrics are essential components in a wide range of applications, including ultrasonic transducers, sensors, and actuators. In the single crystal form, relaxor-PbTiO3 (PT) piezoelectric materials have been extensively studied due to their ultrahigh piezoelectric and electromechanical properties. In this article, a perspective and future development of relaxor-PT crystals are given. Initially, various techniques for the growth of relaxor-PT crystals are reviewed, with crystals up to 100 mm in diameter and 200 mm in length being readily achievable using the Bridgman technique. Second, the characterizations of dielectric and electromechanical properties are surveyed. Boundary conditions, including temperature, electric field, and stress, are discussed in relation to device limitations. Third, the physical origins of the high piezoelectric properties and unique loss characteristics in relaxor-PT crystals are discussed with respect to their crystal structure, phase, engineered domain configuration, macrosymmetry, and domain size. Finally, relaxor-PT single crystals are reviewed with respect to specific applications and contrasted to conventional piezoelectric ceramics.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 08-2013
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-09-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3638691
Abstract: The face (contour) shear piezoelectric properties of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PMNT) single crystals were experimentally determined by the impedance method. Zt ± 45° cut s les with various aspect ratios were investigated based on Bechmann’s zero-order approximate solution. Square plates were found to exhibit a clean face shear vibration mode and the experimental data were in good agreement with the rotated matrix calculations and finite element method simulations. The piezoelectric coefficients d36 were determined to be in the range of 1600-2800 pC/N, depending on the compositional variations, with an ultralow frequency constant N36, in the range of 490–630 Hz.m. In contrast to conventional thickness shear modes, the mechanical quality factors of face shear vibrations are relatively high, with Q values being on the order of ∼100-450, demonstrate promising for low frequency transducer applications.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 08-04-2010
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1039/C5RA20461E
Abstract: SiO 2 –Ti 0.98 In 0.01 Nb 0.01 O 2 (SiO 2 –TINO) composite ceramics were synthesized by solid-state sintering methods, where the lower dielectric loss and enhanced breakdown electric field were achieved.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 03-2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3331407
Abstract: The ferroelectric, dielectric, elastic, piezoelectric, and electromechanical properties of tetragonal Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3−Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3 (PIN–PMN–PT) crystals were investigated. The single domain piezoelectric coefficients d33, d15, and d31 were found to be 530, 2350, and −200 pC/N, respectively, with electromechanical coupling factors k33, k15, and k31 being on the order of 0.84, 0.85, and 0.58. The mechanical quality factor Q for longitudinal mode was found to be & , with high coercive field (Ec) being on the order of 10 kV/cm. The temperature and dc bias electric-field characteristics of single domain tetragonal PIN–PMN–PT crystals were also investigated. In contrast to [001] oriented domain engineered rhombohedral crystals, tetragonal PIN–PMN–PT crystals exhibited broader temperature usage range and higher thermal/electric field stability, with improved coercive field and mechanical quality factor.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-08-2019
DOI: 10.1063/1.5089477
Abstract: The solid solution of (100 − x)%Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-x%PbTiO3 (PMN-xPT) exhibits ultrahigh piezoelectric and dielectric properties near the morphotropic phase boundary compositions and, thus, has been extensively studied in recent years. Recently, 2.5 mol. % Sm-doped PMN-29PT polycrystalline ceramics were reported to possess the highest piezoelectric coefficients (∼1500 pC/N) among all reported piezoceramics, but the atomic-scale mechanisms for such high piezoelectric properties are not yet clear. In this paper, in situ X-ray diffraction and X-ray total scattering measurements during the application of an electric field, together with in situ total scattering measurement at different temperatures, were conducted for 2.5 mol. % Sm-doped PMN-29.5PT (2.5Sm-PMN-29.5PT). Both the largest field-induced strain and the piezoelectric response were found in the crystallites oriented with their ⟨100⟩PC directions parallel to the applied field. The local Pb displacement was analyzed using the reverse Monte Carlo method based on the pair distribution functions at different temperatures, where a temperature-induced directional change of Pb displacement was observed. Based on the experimental observations, a field-induced polarization rotation is suggested to be the dominant mechanism for the ultrahigh piezoelectricity of the 2.5Sm-PMN-29.5PT ceramic, while the ease of polarization rotation is possibly attributed to the temperature-induced metastable local monoclinic symmetries with their polar axes close to ⟨111⟩PC.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-03-2017
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1063/5.0079737
Abstract: Low driving voltage is important for miniaturization and untethered service of millirobots made of piezoelectric materials. In this research, we designed a bio-inspired bimorph-structured millirobot with a transparent relaxor ferroelectric crystal. Due to the ultrahigh piezoelectricity of the relaxor ferroelectric crystals and the optimized bimorph-based structure, the millirobot shows a maximum moving speed up to 9.22 b s−1 (body length per second) at 100 V, while the minimum driving voltage for initial movement can be as low as 3 V, which is more than two orders of magnitude smaller than that of millirobot based on dielectric elastomers. The maximum and minimum power consumptions of the millirobot are 71.6 mW and 85.9 μW, respectively. The robustness of the millirobot is reflected in its mechanical load stability carrying a 78 g mass (97.5 times of its weight) and its cryogenic tolerance. This work is believed to be beneficial to the design of various robust electromechanical devices with low driving voltage.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 23-06-2014
DOI: 10.1063/1.4885675
Abstract: The piezoelectric activity of lead-free Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-x(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (BZT-xBCT) ceramics has been investigated as a function of composition by using Rayleigh analysis under subswitching-electric-field in combination with large-electric-field strain measurement. The result shows that the intrinsic piezoelectric response exhibits peak values in the vicinity of composition-induced R (rhombohedral)-MPB (morphotropic phase boundary) and MPB-T (tetragonal) phase transitions, but being much less than total d33 value. On the other hand, the extrinsic piezoelectric response, especially the one associated with reversible domain wall motion, has been greatly enhanced in the phase instability regime. Our results indicate that the extrinsic piezoelectric activity is the major contributor to the high piezoelectricity in BZT-xBCT ceramics.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 07-05-2012
DOI: 10.1063/1.4712129
Abstract: The shear piezoelectric behavior of [001] poled tetragonal and [011] poled rhombohedral Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) crystals, with “1T” and “2R” domain configurations, respectively, were investigated under uniaxial stress perpendicular to polar direction. The shear piezoelectric coefficient d15 was found to decrease with increasing compressive stress for both “1T” and “2R” crystals. Based on thermodynamic analysis, the phase structure can be stabilized by applying compressive stress perpendicular to polar direction, resulting in a “harder” polarization rotation process, accounts for the reduced shear piezoelectric coefficient. Of particular importance is that the allowable drive electric field was greatly increased and transverse dielectric loss was drastically reduced under compressive stress, leading to the improved maximum-shear-strain.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.1039/C3CE40770E
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 30-09-2019
DOI: 10.1063/1.5115561
Abstract: Flexoelectricity yields electric polarization through graded strains and exists in various kinds of solid dielectrics but usually with a weak coupling response. In this letter, several Bi-doped Pb(Mg2/3Nb1/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-xPT) ferroelectric ceramics were prepared and the interplay of their piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity was systematically investigated. The largest flexoelectric response (∼300 μC/m) was 30 times larger than that of pure PMN-PT and was observed in the Bi-doped PMN-32PT, where the after poling piezoelectric coefficients were also the largest (990 pC/N) among all the compositions. This suggests that the apparent flexoelectricity in ferroelectrics is highly related to the bulk piezoelectricity. Therefore, introducing a local structural heterogeneity is considered as a feasible approach to achieve an ultrahigh piezoelectric response while also providing an ultrahigh flexoelectricity.
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 16-10-2020
Abstract: Ferroelectricity is engineered by dimension in nanoscale single-crystal ferroelectrics.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-2016
Abstract: The electrostrictive effect has some advantages over the piezoelectric effect, including temperature stability and hysteresis-free character. In the present work, we report the diffuse phase transitions and electrostrictive properties in lead-free Fe
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-05-2013
DOI: 10.1111/JACE.12389
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-03-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-021-21673-8
Abstract: The figure-of-merits of ferroelectrics for transducer applications are their electromechanical coupling factor and the operable temperature range. Relaxor-PbTiO 3 ferroelectric crystals show a much improved electromechanical coupling factor k 33 (88~93%) compared to their ceramic counterparts (65~78%) by taking advantage of the strong anisotropy of crystals. However, only a few relaxor-PbTiO 3 systems, for ex le Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 -Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 , can be grown into single crystals, whose operable temperature range is limited by their rhombohedral-tetragonal phase transition temperatures ( T rt : 60~120 °C). Here, we develop a templated grain-growth approach to fabricate -textured Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 -Pb(Sc 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PIN-PSN-PT) ceramics that contain a large amount of the refractory component Sc 2 O 3 , which has the ability to increase the T rt of the system. The high k 33 of 85~89% and the greatly increased T rt of 160~200 °C are simultaneously achieved in the textured PIN-PSN-PT ceramics. The above merits will make textured PIN-PSN-PT ceramics an alternative to single crystals, benefiting the development of numerous advanced piezoelectric devices.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 16-10-2017
DOI: 10.1063/1.5001265
Abstract: Flexoelectricity couples strain gradient to polarization and usually exhibits a large coefficient in the paraelectric phase of the ferroelectric perovskites. In this study, we employed the relaxor 0.3Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-0.35Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.35PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) single crystals to study the relationship between flexoelectric coefficients and the crystal structure. The flexoelectric coefficients in PIN-PMN-PT single crystal are found to vary from 57 μC/m at orthorhombic/monoclinic phase to 135 μC/m at tetragonal phase, and decreases to less than 27 μC/m in the temperature above Tm. This result discloses that ferroelectricity can significantly enhance the flexoelectricity in this kind of perovskite.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2015
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3530617
Abstract: The Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) crystals were studied as function of phase and orientation. The properties, including the Curie temperature TC, ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition temperature TR/O-T, coercive field, and piezoelectric/dielectric responses, were systematically investigated with respect to the composition of PIN-PMN-PT crystals. The Curie temperature TC was found to increase from 160 to 220 °C with ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition temperature TR-T and TO-T being in the range of 120–105 °C and 105–50 °C, respectively. The piezoelectric activity of PIN-PMN-PT crystals was analyzed by Rayleigh approach. The ultrahigh piezoelectric response for domain engineered [001] (1600–2200 pC/N) and [011] (830–1550 pC/N) crystals was believed to be mainly from the intrinsic contribution, whereas the enhanced level of piezoelectric and dielectric losses at the compositions around morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs) was attributed to the phase boundaries motion.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2010
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 19-09-2022
DOI: 10.1063/5.0101775
Abstract: Texture engineering offers an approach for achieving enhanced properties in bulk ceramics by introducing crystallographic anisotropy. Recent developments on texture engineering have enabled the fabrication of highly aligned ferroelectric ceramics with single-crystal-like electromechanical properties. In this paper, we review the history and recent progress of texture-engineered ferroelectric ceramics. We expect that more explorations on template-related issues, including orientation mismatch, physical models of the textured grain growth, and micromorphology–property relationship, will advance the development of texture-engineered ferroelectric ceramics with further improved properties.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 27-09-2010
DOI: 10.1063/1.3494532
Abstract: The piezoelectric properties of Pb(In0.5Nb0.5)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 crystals with various engineered domain configurations were investigated. Rhombohedral and monoclinic/orthorhombic crystals poled along their crystallographic [011] directions were found to possess macroscopic mm2 symmetry, with “2R” and “1O” domain, respectively. Crystals with the “2R” domain configuration were found to exhibit high extensional piezoelectric coefficients d33 (∼1300 pC/N) and d32 (∼−1680 pC/N), while crystals with the “1O” configuration possessed high shear coefficients d15 (∼3500 pC/N) and d24 (∼2070 pC/N), with relatively low extensional piezoelectric coefficients d33 (∼340 pC/N) and d32 (∼−260 pC/N). The observed results were explained by “polarization rotation” model, as related to their respective domain configurations.
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Date: 19-04-2019
Abstract: Piezoelectric materials produce electric charge in response to changes in stress and are thus good sensor materials. One challenge has been growing single-crystal piezoelectrics with uniform properties. As of now, much of the crystal is discarded because of compositional variations. Li et al. synthesized single crystals of samarium-doped Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 that have uniform and extremely high piezoelectric properties (see the Perspective by Hlinka). These crystals are ideal for a variety of sensing applications and could reduce cost by eliminating waste. Science , this issue p. 264 see also p. 228
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-04-2013
DOI: 10.1063/1.4802792
Abstract: The electrostrictive effect was investigated in Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-xPT) relaxor ferroelectric crystal, a representative high performance piezoelectric material, with respect to orientation, temperature, and composition. The electrostrictive coefficients Q11C, Q12C, and Q44C of PMN-xPT (x = 0.25−0.37) crystals were found to be on the order of 0.055, −0.024, and 0.020 m4/C2, respectively. The maximum and minimum Q33* were found to be along 〈100〉 and 〈111〉 directions, being about 0.055 and 0.014 m4/C2, respectively, showing a strong anisotropic behavior, which is inherently associated with the oxygen-octahedra structure. In contrast to piezoelectric and dielectric responses, the electrostrictive coefficients Q are found to be insensitive to the ferroelectric phase transition, no matter it is induced by the temperature or composition.
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 29-09-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-04-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-021-22355-1
Abstract: Failure of polarization reversal, i.e., ferroelectric degradation, induced by cyclic electric loadings in ferroelectric materials, has been a long-standing challenge that negatively impacts the application of ferroelectrics in devices where reliability is critical. It is generally believed that space charges or injected charges dominate the ferroelectric degradation. However, the physics behind the phenomenon remains unclear. Here, using in-situ biasing transmission electron microscopy, we discover change of charge distribution in thin ferroelectrics during cyclic electric loadings. Charge accumulation at domain walls is the main reason of the formation of c domains, which are less responsive to the applied electric field. The rapid growth of the frozen c domains leads to the ferroelectric degradation. This finding gives insights into the nature of ferroelectric degradation in nanodevices, and reveals the role of the injected charges in polarization reversal.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-02-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-021-21202-7
Abstract: (K,Na)NbO 3 based ceramics are considered to be one of the most promising lead-free ferroelectrics replacing Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 . Despite extensive studies over the last two decades, the mechanism for the enhanced piezoelectricity in multi-elements doped (K,Na)NbO 3 ceramics has not been fully understood. Here, we combine temperature-dependent synchrotron x-ray diffraction and property measurements, atomic-scale scanning transmission electron microscopy, and first-principle and phase-field calculations to establish the dopant–structure–property relationship for multi-elements doped (K,Na)NbO 3 ceramics. Our results indicate that the dopants induced tetragonal phase and the accompanying high-density nanoscale heterostructures with low-angle polar vectors are responsible for the high dielectric and piezoelectric properties. This work explains the mechanism of the high piezoelectricity recently achieved in (K,Na)NbO 3 ceramics and provides guidance for the design of high-performance ferroelectric ceramics, which is expected to benefit numerous functional materials.
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 15-10-2011
DOI: 10.1063/1.3654137
Abstract: The effect of domain size on the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of [111]-oriented tetragonal Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 crystals was investigated. The dielectric permittivity (ɛ33 T/ɛ0) and piezoelectric coefficient (d33) were found to be on the order of 13 800 and 1630 pC/N, respectively, for s les with domain size of ∼500 nm, a 3-fold increase to crystals with domain size of ∼50 μm. Rayleigh analysis revealed that the extrinsic contribution to the piezoelectric response increased from ∼8% to 30% with decreasing domain size, due to the increased domain wall density and associated irreversible domain wall motion. The enhanced properties were thought to relate to the fine domain structures, however, showing a poor electric field and temperature stabilities with domain size of 500 nm. Of particular significance is that s les with domain size being on the order of 5 μm exhibit field and temperature stabilities, with yet high piezoelectric properties, make it potential for transducer applications.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-12-2013
DOI: 10.1111/JACE.12773
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-06-2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3CE42330A
Abstract: Single domain relaxor-PT crystals are important from both fundamental and application viewpoints.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-06-2014
DOI: 10.1111/JACE.13028
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-07-2018
Start Date: 08-2018
End Date: 08-2018
Amount: $359,446.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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