ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5816-6738
Current Organisation
UNSW Sydney
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: University of New South Wales
Date: 13-05-2022
DOI: 10.31646/GBIO.159
Abstract: In February and March 2022, an outbreak of Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) was detected in piggeries in southern Queensland, NSW, Victoria and South Australia. Subsequently, human cases of JEV have been confirmed in each of the affected states, with 35 confirmed or probable cases and 3 deaths as of 7 April 2022. This is the first JEV outbreak in mainland Australia. JEV has not been detected in mosquitos, animals or humans in south-Eastern Australia previously and question remain about how it became established, and whether it will become endemic to this region. The majority of cases are occurring around the affected piggeries where there is exposure to mosquitoes, particularly in the older age group, and vaccination has commenced in this population.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.IJCARD.2022.04.069
Abstract: Cardiac arrest is the least preventable burden of cardiovascular disease, as treatment depends on timely resuscitation. The incidence of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is high, contributing 10-20% of cardiovascular mortality globally. The influenza vaccine reduces the risk of acute cardiovascular events. Little is known about the relationship of influenza infection to cardiac arrest. This study aimed to determine the estimated rate of SCA hospitalisations attributable to influenza in Australian adults. A generalised-additive statistical model was applied in the study. Weekly counts of laboratory-confirmed influenza notifications were used as independent variables in the model. Our estimates showed that the yearly rate of SCA hospitalisations varied, and a significant association with influenza was observed in some years in older adults aged 65 years and over. On average, the annual estimated SCA hospitalisations rate due to influenza in adults aged 50-64 years and ≥ 65 years were 0.7 (95%CI: 0.4, 1.1) and 5.3 (95%CI: 4.4, 6.2) per 100,000 population, respectively. The association between influenza and SCA is evident in adults and the disease burden is significant in older people. Prevention of influenza by vaccination may reduce SCA.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 14-09-2023
DOI: 10.1155/2023/1806909
Publisher: University of New South Wales
Date: 20-10-2022
DOI: 10.31646/GBIO.164
Abstract: Objective: Vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) remains a significant barrier to global poliomyelitis eradication. Following 18 years of polio-free status, an epidemic of circulating VDPV type 1 (cVDPV1) occurred in Papua New Guinea (PNG) in 2018. We describe the epidemiology of the 2018 cVDPV1 epidemic in PNG, and identify risk factors which may aid future policy and control efforts.Methods: Data pertaining to the 2018 PNG epidemic were extracted from EPIWATCH and supplemented with data from other sources, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), and published literature. Descriptive analyses were undertaken, and key risk factors identified.Results: 26 cases of cVDPV1 were confirmed throughout the duration of the epidemic (April to October 2018) in nine provinces. Of the 26 cases, 19 (73%) were males and 7 (27%) were females, and most of the cases (73%) occurred in children under the age of five. Population immunization coverage of three doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV3) was found to fluctuate between 60- 80% between 2000 and 2018. Nonpolio Acute Flaccid Paralysis (NPAFP) surveillance rates were also found to be suboptimal over this period.Discussion: A combination of low routine immunization coverage, lacking supplementary immunization activities, and ineffective surveillance systems, in the context of a struggling health system, culminated in this epidemic. To prevent future poliomyelitis epidemics in PNG, emphasis must be placed on supporting the health system to maintain high vaccination coverage, in conjunction with robust and effective surveillance systems.
No related grants have been discovered for Danielle Hutchinson.