ORCID Profile
0000-0003-3969-2756
Current Organisations
Brock University
,
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
,
University of Toronto
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Publisher: CMA Joule Inc.
Date: 28-06-2010
DOI: 10.1503/CMAJ.091454
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.RIDD.2010.12.025
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to describe the motor, attention and intellectual characteristics of a population-based s le of children first screened for motor impairment and to discuss the recruitment and identification methods employed. A two stage cross-sectional, school-based survey was conducted to screen for children with motor coordination difficulties and to identify children with an existing diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/attention deficit disorder (ADHD/ADD). The identified children, and a random s le of typically developing children, were assessed to confirm or rule out the presence of developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Six thousand four hundred and seventy five children were invited to participate 2943 children, with parental consent, completed the initial screening process. Two hundred eighty four children with possible motor impairment were identified. The parents of 113 children consented to a full assessment. Sixty eight children of the 113 children met diagnostic criteria for DCD, and 26 also had ADHD. Twenty eight of the 55 children who screened in with a diagnosis of ADHD were subsequently found to have DCD. The total number of children with confirmed characteristics of DCD was reduced after application of DCD diagnostic criteria. This study differs from others with regard to the additional screening for children with ADHD/ADD. The second stage assessment notably increased the number of children identified with both ADHD and DCD.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.RIDD.2017.02.006
Abstract: Caregiver-completed screening questionnaires are a common first step in the identification of developmental delay. A caregiver's mood and anxiety level, however, may affect how he or she perceives and reports possible problems. In this article, we consider the association between caregiver distress and the accuracy of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), a widely-used screen. Our s le includes 857 parent-child dyads drawn from the Psychometric Assessment of the NDDS Study (PANS) and the NDDS Alternate Responses Study (NARS). Parents completed the ASQ and the K6, a brief measure of generalized distress. Children were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Child Development (BSID). We ided children on BSID result and used logistic regression to examine how distress influenced the ASQ's accuracy in each group. Of our 857 children, 9% had at least one domain below -2 standard deviations on the BSID, and 17.3% had positive ASQ results. Caregiver distress predicted a positive ASQ substantially and significantly more strongly among BSID-positive children than among others. This translates into slightly reduced ASQ specificity but greatly improved sensitivity among caregivers with higher distress. At low to moderate levels of distress, greater distress is associated with greater ASQ accuracy.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-06-2011
Abstract: To compare the longitudinal trajectories of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in children with probable developmental coordination disorder (DCD) with those of typically developing children. School-based study, conducted in a large region of Ontario, Canada. 75 out of a possible 92 schools (83%) consented to participate. A cohort of children, enrolled in grade 4 (mean 9 years 11 months SD 0.05) at baseline (n=2278) were followed twice-yearly over a 2-year period. The short form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency was used to identify children with probable DCD and the Leger shuttle run to measure maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2)max). Mixed-effects modelling was used to estimate the change over time in predicted VO(2)max for both children with probable DCD and typically developing children. For all children, VO(2)max declined over time. Children (boys and girls) with probable DCD not only had lower VO(2)max at baseline compared with typically developing children, VO(2)max declined among these children at a much steeper rate. Although previous research has found children with DCD to have poor CRF compared with typically developing children, most of this work has relied on cross-sectional designs to examine group differences. The results of this study confirm that differences in CRF between children with and without probable DCD persist over time, highlighting the concern that DCD is a risk factor for poor cardiovascular health in children.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/CCH.12459
Abstract: The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) uses age-grouped scoring, which will result in relative motor functioning being overestimated for some children and underestimated for others. In this paper, we measure these errors and discuss their consequences. We pool data from two validation studies to obtain a s le of 278 children assessed with the MABC-2 (mean (SD) age: 5 years, 0 months (9.6 months) 142 female). We used regression to measure the association between standard score and relative age, and used these results to estimate misclassification rates at the MABC-2's recommended thresholds. Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 scores were distributed as expected (mean (SD) = 10.4 (2.8)). We estimated that the standard score varied by 2.76 units (0.92 SDs) per year of relative age. Depending on threshold and age bandwidth, this implies overall misclassification rates from 9% to 23%. Relative age differences in MABC-2 scores led to substantial systematic error for young children. These errors can affect MABC-2 validity, longitudinal stability and agreement with other tools, which may reduce the appropriateness of care offered to children. Scoring approaches that may reduce or eliminate these errors are outlined.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 22-03-2007
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.HUMOV.2008.02.001
Abstract: We examined the effectiveness of a teacher-based rating scale called the teacher estimation of activity form (TEAF) to screen for developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in children. A random selection of 15 of 75 schools from the District School Board of Niagara in Ontario, Canada was chosen for this study. Every consented child in Grade 4 (n=502) was evaluated for probable DCD (pDCD) in school using the short form Bruininks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency (BOTMP-SF). Each student also completed the children's self perceptions of adequacy in and predilection toward physical activity (CSAPPA) scale, participation questionnaire, and Léger 20-meter shuttle run, and had their height and weight measured. The 27 children (5.1%) who scored below the 5th percentile on BOTMP-SF were designated as pDCD cases and the 475 children who scored above the 5th percentile served as controls. Results showed that mean TEAF scores were significantly lower for pDCD children than controls (p<.001). Total TEAF scores ranging from 28 to 32 were preferred in maintaining good sensitivity (.74, 95% CI=.55-.87 to .85, 95% CI=.68-.94). The area under the ROC curve was .77 (95% CI, .68-.86) for the TEAF total score, and some in idual items performed approximately as well as the full scale. The TEAF was positively correlated with measures of physical activity and fitness. The TEAF appears to be an effective tool in screening for DCD, particularly in a population setting. Considering the brevity of the TEAF and the discriminative power of in idual items, this instrument would be effective in an abbreviated version.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2010.02.118
Abstract: Many people with bipolar disorder (BD) in the community are misdiagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). A probabilistic model has been proposed to assist in the identification of BD among patients with depressive symptoms, however there are limited population-based data on the key distinguishers of BD from MDD. The objective of this study was to identify distinguishers of BD from MDD in a population-based s le. Population-based data were extracted from the Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being. Sociodemographic variables, clinical variables, and depressive symptomatology were compared between subjects with BD (N=467) and MDD (N=4145). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant correlates of BD, and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were determined for each model. BD and MDD subjects differed across a number of characteristics. Clinical variables significantly associated with BD included greater number of lifetime depressive episodes, earlier age of first depressive episode, lifetime anxiety disorder, problematic substance use, and lifetime suicide attempt. Symptoms significantly more common during a major depressive episode among BD subjects included agitation, suicidal ideation, anxious symptoms, and irritability. AUCs for these models ranged from 0.72 to 0.81. Data were not available for all potential distinguishers subgroups of BD could not be determined cross-sectional data. These population-based results reinforce the effort to establish a generalizable probabilistic model that incorporates clinical and symptom variables in order to assist clinicians in the diagnostic assessment of BD.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSAMS.2016.08.025
Abstract: Previous research has shown children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) have lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) than typically developing (TD) children. This has been hypothesized to be due to an activity deficit, whereby poor motor functioning discourages children from participating in physical activities, but this hypothesis has not been directly tested. In this study, we use longitudinal data to measure the extent to which physical activity explains differences in CRF between children with and without motor coordination deficits. Longitudinal observational study. The study s le is an open cohort of children, numbering 2278 at baseline (age 9-10), that was followed for up to 5 years (to age 13-14). Motor skills were assessed once over the study period. Children scoring at or below the 5th percentile (n=103) on the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Short Form were considered to have possible DCD (pDCD). CRF (estimated peak VO Children with pDCD had significantly lower CRF than their TD peers at each time point. CRF declined for both groups, but this decline was steeper for children with pDCD. Physical activity explained only a small part of the difference in CRF. The activity deficit did not contribute to the persistent and gradually widening gap in CRF between children with and without possible DCD. Possible reasons for this and future directions are discussed.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-06-2009
DOI: 10.1007/S10597-009-9205-8
Abstract: Using data from a national survey, this study examined different factors and their association with mental health service use in youth aged 15-24 with depression and/or suicidality. Our s le consisted of 1,252 youth with depression and/or suicidality. In youth aged 15-18 years old, two factors influenced service use: (1) co-occurrence of depression and suicidality (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.43, 7.32) and (2) chronic health condition (OR 2.44, 95% CI 1.22, 4.84). Several factors were associated with service use in youth aged 19-24 including gender (female) (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.14, 2.76), and low income (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.11, 3.23). The findings suggest differences in the factors associated with mental health service use between youth aged 15-18 and 19-24 with depression and/or suicidality.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: American Public Health Association
Date: 05-2008
Abstract: Objectives. We sought to establish the prevalence of physical activity among smokers, whether or not physically active smokers were more likely to attempt cessation, and who these physically active smokers were. Methods. We used logistic regression to contrast physically active and inactive smokers in a secondary data analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey Cycle 1.1. Results. Physically active smokers represented almost one quarter of the smoking population. Compared with physically inactive smokers, physically active smokers were more likely to have attempted cessation in the past year. Physically active smokers were more likely to be young, single, and men compared with their inactive counterparts. Income had no influence in distinguishing physically active and inactive smokers. Conclusions. Skepticism persists regarding the practicality and potential risks of promoting physical activity as a harm-reduction strategy for tobacco use. We found that a modest proportion of the daily smoking population was physically active and that engagement in this behavior was related to greater cessation attempts. Interventions could be developed that target smokers who are likely to adopt physical activity.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 04-10-2013
Abstract: Fewer than half of in iduals with a mental disorder seek formal care in a given year. Much research has been conducted on the factors that influence service use in this population, but the methods generally used cannot easily identify the complex interactions that are thought to exist. In this paper, we examine predictors of subsequent service use among respondents to a population health survey who met criteria for a past-year mood, anxiety or substance-related disorder. To determine service use, we use an administrative database including all physician consultations in the period of interest. To identify predictors, we use classification tree (CART) analysis, a data mining technique with the ability to identify unsuspected interactions. We compare results to those from logistic regression models. We identify 1213 in iduals with past-year disorder. In the year after the survey, 24% (n=312) of these had a mental health-related physician consultation. Logistic regression revealed that age, sex and marital status predicted service use. CART analysis yielded a set of rules based on age, sex, marital status and income adequacy, with marital status playing a role among men and by income adequacy important among women. CART analysis proved moderately effective overall, with agreement of 60%, sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 53%. Results highlight the potential of data-mining techniques to uncover complex interactions, and offer support to the view that the intersection of multiple statuses influence health and behaviour in ways that are difficult to identify with conventional statistics. The disadvantages of these methods are also discussed.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2013
DOI: 10.1111/DMCN.12308
Abstract: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a common, neurodevelopmental disorder of children that results in significant impairment in everyday activities of living. Over the past two decades, a large body of work has documented associations between DCD, physical inactivity, and poor health-related fitness. The exact nature of these relations, however, has been relatively little studied. In this paper, we ask whether the balance of evidence supports the proposition that DCD is a fundamental cause of inactivity and poor fitness. To address this question, we apply Hill's criteria for causation. We conclude that the evidence is consistent with, and reasonably supportive of, this proposition, but does not exclude alternative explanations.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-07-2015
DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2014.934708
Abstract: When children or adolescents are grouped by age or year of birth, older in iduals tend to outperform younger ones. These phenomena are known as relative age effects (RAEs). RAEs may result directly from differences in maturation, but may also be associated with psychological, pedagogic or other factors. In this article, we attempt to quantify RAEs in a simple fitness task and to identify the mechanisms operating. Data come from a 5-year study of 2278 in iduals that included repeated administrations of the 20 m shuttle run. We use mixed-effect modelling to characterise change over time and then examine residuals from these models for evidence of an effect for age relative to peers or for season of birth. Age alone appears to account for RAEs in our s le, with no effects for age relative to peers or month of birth. Age grouping produces large disparities for girls under 12, moderate ones for boys of all ages and negligible ones for girls between 12 and 15. RAEs for this task and population appear to arise from simple age differences. Similar methods may be useful in determining whether other explanations of RAEs are necessary in other contexts. Evaluation processes that take age into account have the potential to mitigate RAEs in general settings.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-10-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACAP.2014.08.002
Abstract: Developmental delay is relatively common and produces serious impairment. Efforts to screen for delay often include parent-completed instruments. We evaluated the agreement between the most popular such instrument, the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) and the third edition of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-III). We analyzed a community s le of 587 children aged 1 month to 36 months who received both the ASQ and the BSID-III. We calculate sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. Because published BSID-III norms produced unexpectedly low prevalences, we also derived a set of distribution-based thresholds using quantile regression, and we repeated the validation analysis using these results. BSID-III prevalence was 2.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-4.6) with published norms and 7.7% (95% CI 5.6-10.1) with distribution-based thresholds, while 18.2% (95% CI 15.2-21.6) of children were positive on the ASQ. For published BSID-III norms, sensitivity was 41% (95% CI 18-67) and specificity 82% (95% CI 79-85). Results with distribution-based thresholds were essentially identical. Performance was somewhat better among children over 1 year (sensitivity 50%, specificity 87%). For subscales, sensitivities were generally lower (range 0-50%) and specificities higher (range 92-96%). Agreement between the ASQ and BSID-III was relatively poor. Previous studies have reported somewhat better agreement. There are numerous possible explanations for differences, including the age ranges used, the risk profile of children, and differences in the ASQ administration. Results raise concerns about the performance of this instrument in primary care and community settings.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2010.02.120
Abstract: Over the past decade, the clinical recognition and treatment of bipolar disorder (BD) in youth have increased significantly however, little is known about prevalence of and service use for this disorder at a population level. The objective of this study was to measure the lifetime prevalence of BD, and to describe the socio-demographics, comorbidities, and use of mental health services among 15-24-year-olds with BD. Data were extracted from the Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-being (CCHS 1.2), a representative population-based survey of 36,984 people age 15 and older. Among subjects age 15-18 and 19-24 (N=5673), we calculated lifetime prevalence rates of BD and report the demographic and clinical characteristics and rates of service use of this s le. The weighted lifetime prevalence of BD was 3.0% among 15-24-year-olds (N=191): 2.1% among 15-18-year-olds, and 3.8% among 19-24-year-olds. Rates of psychiatric comorbidity were high, with anxiety disorders, problematic substance use, and suicidality present among nearly half of the s le. Mental health services were accessed in the previous 12 months by 56.1% of youth with BD. The questionnaire used in CCHS 1.2 relied on self-report, limiting its applicability to this younger s le. BD is particularly common among young adults and there are specific factors associated with BD in youth. Nearly half of all youth with BD have never used mental health services, suggesting that clinicians should be more vigilant about the signs and symptoms of BD in young people.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-05-2014
DOI: 10.1002/AJHB.22550
Abstract: When in iduals of different ages are combined into a single group and an ability that varies with age is measured, younger in iduals are disadvantaged. This phenomenon is known as a relative age effect (RAE) and has been shown to be widespread in sport and education. In this article, we examine RAEs in a large group of children tested repeatedly on the 20-m shuttle run, a common test of cardiorespiratory fitness. Following up on an earlier study that measured change with age, we add a growth curve model for change in variance, which makes it possible to derive RAEs for in iduals of different ages and ability levels. Results show that a 1-year difference in age is associated with a change in performance of about 0.2 standard deviations. For 1-year age groups, this gives rise to ranking errors of 4 percentile ranks or less. We also show, however, that these relatively small ranking errors are capable of producing large age differences within groups identified as exceptional. Depending on the level of ability required for selection, children born in the first quarter of the year can be expected to outnumber those born in the last by 1.5 times, 2 times, or more. This finding is consistent with previously reported variation in RAEs at different performance levels. Results imply that RAEs are likely to be of relatively minor concern when people are graded or ranked but can produce substantial inequities and misclassifications when people with extremely high or extremely low ability levels undergo selection.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.HUMOV.2008.04.002
Abstract: In this study, we examine several key psychometric properties (reliability, construct validity, concurrent validity) of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCD-Q) using a large, school-based s le of children (n=523) and their parents. Children completed the Children's Self-perceptions of Adequacy in and Predilection toward Physical Activity (CSAPPA) and parents completed the DCD-Q. The internal reliability of the DCD-Q was high for both the full scale and the subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis established that the scale was multifactorial, but the fit of the hypothesized factor structure was poor. Finally, moderate correlations were observed between the CSAPPA and the DCD-Q, with the strongest correlation found between the "perceived adequacy" subscale of the CSAPPA and "control during movement" subscale of the DCD-Q. Implications for screening and further research are discussed in relation to both instruments.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.RIDD.2014.01.007
Abstract: This study explored whether or not a population-based s le of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD), with and without comorbid attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), experienced higher levels of psychological distress than their peers. A two-stage procedure was used to identify 244 children: 68 with DCD only, 54 with ADHD only, 31 with comorbid DCD and ADHD, and 91 randomly selected typically developing (TD) children. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were measured by child and parent report. Child sex and caregiver ethnicity differed across groups, with a higher ratio of boys to girls in the ADHD only group and a slightly higher proportion of non-Caucasian caregivers in the TD group. After controlling for age, sex, and caregiver ethnicity, there was significant variation across groups in both anxiety (by parent report, F(3,235)=8.9, p<0.001 by child report, F(3,236)=5.6, p=0.001) and depression (parent report, F(3,236)=23.7, p<0.001 child report, F(3,238)=9.9, p<0.001). In general, children in all three disorder groups had significantly higher levels of symptoms than TD children, but most pairwise differences among those three groups were not significant. The one exception was the higher level of depressive symptoms noted by parent report in the ADHD/DCD group. In conclusion, children identified on the basis of motor coordination problems through a population-based screen showed significantly more symptoms of depression and anxiety than typically developing children. Children who have both DCD and ADHD are particularly at heightened risk of psychological distress.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2009
DOI: 10.1002/PDS.1702
Abstract: Benzodiazepines and related drugs (BZDs) are widely used for the treatment of anxiety, insomnia and other conditions. The combination of BZDs with alcohol increases risk for oversedation, abuse, dependence and accidents. This study examines drinking behaviour among Canadians taking BZDs. We use data from cycle 1.2 of the Canadian Community Health Survey, a large (n = 36,984) population survey conducted in 2002 by Statistics Canada. We use bivariate methods and logistic regression to test the independent association between BZD use and 2 levels of recent drinking in the general population, and then examine associations between drinking and sociodemographic factors within the group of BZD users. Any drinking and heavy drinking are less common among users of BZDs than among other respondents, but these differences are small (any drinking, OR = 0.77, p = 0.02 heavy drinking, OR = 0.81, p = 0.13) when differences in respondent characteristics are controlled statistically. Among BZD users, any drinking is associated with male sex, younger age and not meeting criteria for a past-year anxiety disorder. Heavy drinking is associated only with younger age. Heavy alcohol use is uncommon among users of BZDs, and the combination of alcohol and BZD use is rare in the general population. Differences between BZD users and others are not large when other factors are taken into account, however, which may call into question the effectiveness of physician and pharmacist warnings against this combination. People treated for an anxiety disorder with BZDs may be less likely to use alcohol than those taking them for other indications.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 04-2018
Publisher: Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc
Date: 15-03-2006
DOI: 10.4088/JCP.V67N0308
Abstract: This study examined characteristics of treatment utilization in a large general population-based s le of bipolar subjects. Data source was the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health and Well-Being, a nationally representative, community mental health survey of over 36,000 in iduals conducted from May to December 2002. Subjects who met study criteria for a current or past manic episode were classified as having bipolar disorder. Sociodemographic and illness-related factors influencing likelihood of accessing treatment, delay to contact with treatment services, and use of pharmacotherapy among bipolar subjects were determined. Among the 852 bipolar subjects, 45.2% had never accessed treatment services. Male gender (p = .001), lower level of education (p = .003), and immigrant status (p < .001) were each significantly negatively correlated with use of treatment services. Mean delay from illness onset to contact with any treatment services was 3.1 years. Sixty-six percent of bipolar subjects had not taken a mood stabilizer or antidepressant medication in the past year, and 22% used antidepressants without a mood stabilizer. Female bipolar subjects were significantly more likely than male subjects to be prescribed an antidepressant medication (OR = 1.99, p = .01), even in the absence of higher frequency of recent depressions. Many in iduals with bipolar disorder never receive any form of mental health treatment, and, among those that do, use of pharmacotherapy is not consistent with guideline-based recommendations. These findings reinforce the importance of continued efforts to better identify bipolar in iduals early in their course of illness, and the need for further educational focus on bipolar disorder for all mental health treatment providers.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-04-2009
DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-2214.2009.00957.X
Abstract: Aim Despite its widespread current use in research and its potential for future application, the validity of the short form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP-SF) when administered by trained lay assessors is not known. This paper reports the results of case identification using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M-ABC) in a group of children scoring below the sixth percentile on the BOTMP-SF. Methods The BOTMP-SF was administered by trained research assistants to 2058 children. In total, 24 of 128 children aged 10 (n = 10), 11 (n = 10) or 12 (n = 4) scoring below the sixth percentile were randomly selected for further assessment by a paediatric occupational therapist using the M-ABC and the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test. Results Twenty-one of 24 children positive for motor co-ordination problems on the BOTMP-SF scored below the 15th percentile of the M-ABC, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.69 to 0.96]. Fifteen of these children were below the fifth percentile (PPV = 0.63 95% CI = 0.43 to 0.79). Conclusions The BOTMP-SF seems to be a reasonable alternative to case identification when clinical assessment with the M-ABC is not feasible. Further research is needed to examine the sensitivity and specificity of the short form when used for this purpose.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-03-2016
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 19-03-2007
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 04-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.RIDD.2010.10.011
Abstract: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a neuro-developmental disorder characterized by poor fine and/or gross motor coordination. Children with DCD are hypothesized to be at increased risk for overweight and obesity from inactivity due to their motor coordination problems. Although previous studies have found evidence to support this hypothesis, their reliance on field-based measures, most notably body mass index (BMI), to determine body composition is problematic. Moreover, there has been no research to date that has examined whether THERE ARE differences in lean tissue mass between children with and without coordination. Differences in muscle mass, the main component of lean tissue, may be a contributing factor to both coordination problems and the development of overweight and obesity, but has only been indirectly examined at this time. In this study, whole-body air displacement using a dual chamber plethysmograph was used to estimate fat mass, fat free mass and body fat in children with probable DCD (pDCD) and a group of typically developing children. Consistent with previous research using field-based assessments of relative body weight, the results show that children with pDCD have much higher body fat than their peers, and that this difference increases with the severity of observed motor coordination difficulties. There was no difference in lean tissue mass between groups. The demonstration of an association between pDCD and body fat using a more sensitive measure of body composition, and evidence showing a dose-response in this relationship, further supports the hypothesis that DCD may be a risk factor for obesity in children.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-02-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1469-8749.2009.03520.X
Abstract: Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are known to participate in active play less than typically developing children. However, it is not known whether the activity deficit between children with and without DCD widens or diminishes over time. Data were obtained from a large, prospective cohort study of children (baseline n=2278, total n=2470). Motor coordination was assessed for 2083 students using the short form of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency. Participation in organized and free-play activities was assessed using a participation questionnaire on five occasions over 3 years. Mixed-effects modelling was used to examine differences in participation over time between children with probable DCD (pDCD, n=111, 46 males, 65 females) and their typically developing peers (n=1972, 1016 males, 956 females). The mean age for the whole s le was 9 years 11 months (SD 5 mo) at assessment 1, 10 years 5 months (SD 5 mo) at assessment 2, 10 years 11 months (SD 5 mo) at assessment 3, 11 years 4 months (SD 4 mo) at assessment 4, and 11 years 11 months (SD 4 mo) at assessment 5. Children with pDCD reported less participation in organized and free-play activities than their typically developing peers, and these differences persisted over time. Among males, the gap in participation in free-play activities between those with DCD and typically developing children diminished substantially over time among females, it increased slightly. DCD is associated with a persistent activity deficit in children. Its effect on participation appears to be particularly serious among females but may diminish with time among males.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-08-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.RIDD.2010.07.008
Abstract: Oxygen consumption at peak physical exertion (VO(2) maximum) is the most widely used indicator of cardiorespiratory fitness. The purpose of this study was to compare two protocols for its estimation, cycle ergometer testing and the 20 m shuttle run, among children with and without probable developmental coordination disorder (pDCD). The shuttle run test was conducted during regular school hours, usually in the gymnasium. Children were then invited to a lab to complete the cycle ergometer protocol. Children were categorized as possible cases of DCD using the Movement-ABC-2. The analysis was performed using cut-points at both the 5th (n=38) and 15th (n=51) percentiles. The average age of children in the study was 12 years (SD=0.5). Children with pDCD had poorer VO(2) maximum when compared to typically developing children based on both the shuttle run and the cycle ergometer. The correlation between tests is in the moderate to high range (r=0.71, p<0.001) 0.78 for girls, and 0.73 for boys. The overall difference in correlations between typically developing children and children with pDCD based on the 15th percentile was 0.12 (p=0.27). For children with pDCD based on the 5th percentile however, the difference between groups was larger (difference in r=0.25), and was statistically significant (p=0.02). In multivariate analyses, there was no difference in the effect of the shuttle run results in predicting VO(2) maximum obtained through the cycle ergometer test for children with pDCD compared to those without the condition. Regardless of the test, the patterns of association between children with pDCD and typically developing children were the same reinforcing the findings of previous field-based reports. Moderate to good correlations, at the 15th percentile cut-point, between tests suggests that the shuttle run test is a reliable substitute in this population when lab based assessments of VO(2) maximum are not feasible.
No related grants have been discovered for Scott Veldhuizen.