ORCID Profile
0000-0002-4364-2682
Current Organisations
Uniwersytet Medyczny im Piastów Śląskich we Wrocławiu
,
University of Oxford
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Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-07-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 31-12-2018
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-02-2007
DOI: 10.1007/S00198-007-0343-Y
Abstract: BMD and clinical risk factors predict hip and other osteoporotic fractures. The combination of clinical risk factors and BMD provide higher specificity and sensitivity than either alone. INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESES: To develop a risk assessment tool based on clinical risk factors (CRFs) with and without BMD. Nine population-based studies were studied in which BMD and CRFs were documented at baseline. Poisson regression models were developed for hip fracture and other osteoporotic fractures, with and without hip BMD. Fracture risk was expressed as gradient of risk (GR, risk ratio/SD change in risk score). CRFs alone predicted hip fracture with a GR of 2.1/SD at the age of 50 years and decreased with age. The use of BMD alone provided a higher GR (3.7/SD), and was improved further with the combined use of CRFs and BMD (4.2/SD). For other osteoporotic fractures, the GRs were lower than for hip fracture. The GR with CRFs alone was 1.4/SD at the age of 50 years, similar to that provided by BMD (GR = 1.4/SD) and was not markedly increased by the combination (GR = 1.4/SD). The performance characteristics of clinical risk factors with and without BMD were validated in eleven independent population-based cohorts. The models developed provide the basis for the integrated use of validated clinical risk factors in men and women to aid in fracture risk prediction.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 29-08-2018
DOI: 10.1136/BMJ.K3225
Abstract: To identify the genetic determinants of fracture risk and assess the role of 15 clinical risk factors on osteoporotic fracture risk. Meta-analysis of genome wide association studies (GWAS) and a two-s le mendelian randomisation approach. 25 cohorts from Europe, United States, east Asia, and Australia with genome wide genotyping and fracture data. A discovery set of 37 857 fracture cases and 227 116 controls with replication in up to 147 200 fracture cases and 150 085 controls. Fracture cases were defined as in iduals (>18 years old) who had fractures at any skeletal site confirmed by medical, radiological, or questionnaire reports. Instrumental variable analyses were performed to estimate effects of 15 selected clinical risk factors for fracture in a two-s le mendelian randomisation framework, using the largest previously published GWAS meta-analysis of each risk factor. Of 15 fracture associated loci identified, all were also associated with bone mineral density and mapped to genes clustering in pathways known to be critical to bone biology (eg, This large scale GWAS meta-analysis for fracture identified 15 genetic determinants of fracture, all of which also influenced bone mineral density. Among the clinical risk factors for fracture assessed, only bone mineral density showed a major causal effect on fracture. Genetic predisposition to lower levels of vitamin D and estimated calcium intake from dairy sources were not associated with fracture risk.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-09-2015
DOI: 10.1038/NATURE14878
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-01-2014
DOI: 10.1002/JBMR.2101
Abstract: During early menopause, steady-state bone remodeling is perturbed the number of basic multicellular units (BMUs) excavating cavities upon the endosteal surface exceeds the number (generated before menopause) concurrently refilling. Later in menopause, steady-state is restored the many BMUs generated in early menopause refill as similarly large numbers of BMUs concurrently excavate new cavities. We hypothesized that risedronate reduces the number of cavities excavated. However, in younger postmenopausal women, the fewer cavities excavated will still exceed the fewer BMUs now refilling, so net porosity increases, but less than in controls. In older postmenopausal women, the fewer cavities excavated during treatment will be less than the many (generated during early menopause) now refilling, so net porosity decreases and trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) increases. We recruited 324 postmenopausal women in two similarly designed double-blind placebo-controlled studies that included 161 younger (Group 1, ≤ 55 years) and 163 older (Group 2, ≥ 55 years) women randomized 2:1 to risedronate 35 mg/week or placebo. High-resolution peripheral computed tomography was used to image the distal radius and tibia. Cortical porosity was quantified using the StrAx1.0 software. Risedronate reduced serum carboxyterminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 bone collagen (CTX-1) and serum amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP) by ∼50%. In the younger group, distal radius compact-appearing cortex porosity increased by 4.2% ± 1.6% (p = 0.01) in controls. This was prevented by risedronate. Trabecular vBMD decreased by 3.6% ± 1.4% (p = 0.02) in controls and decreased by 1.6% ± 0.6% (p = 0.005) in the risedronate-treated group. In the older group, changes did not achieve significance apart from a reduction in compact-appearing cortex porosity in the risedronate-treated group (0.9% ± 0.4%, p = 0.047). No between-group differences reached significance. Results were comparable at the distal tibia. Between-group differences were significant for compact-appearing cortex porosity (p = 0.005). Risedronate slows microstructural deterioration in younger and partly reverses it in older postmenopausal women, features likely to contribute to antifracture efficacy.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2002
DOI: 10.1016/S0009-8981(02)00164-X
Abstract: In the European Prospective Osteoporosis Study (EPOS), a past spine fracture increased risk of an incident fracture 3.6 - 12-fold even after adjusting for BMD. We examined the possibility that biochemical marker levels were associated with this unexplained BMD-independent element of fracture risk. Each of 182 cases in EPOS of spine or non-spine fracture that occurred in 3.8 years of follow-up was matched by age, sex and study centre with two randomly assigned never-fractured controls and one case of past fracture. Analytes measured blind were: osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, total alkaline phosphatase, serum creatinine, calcium, phosphate and albumin, together with the collagen cross-links degradation products serum CTS and urine CTX. Most subjects also had bone density measured by DXA. Cases who had recent fractures did not differ in marker levels from cases who had their last fracture more than 3 years previously. No statistically significant effect of recent fracture was found for any marker except osteocalcin, which was 17.6% lower in recent peripheral cases compared to unfractured controls (p<0.05) and this was independent of BMD. Past fracture as a risk indicator for future fracture is not strongly mediated through increased bone turnover.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-04-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41588-019-0415-X
Abstract: In the version of this article initially published, in Fig. 5a, the data in the right column of 'DAAM2 gRNA1' were incorrectly plotted as circles indicating 'untreated' rather than as squares indicating 'treated'. The error has been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1983
DOI: 10.1007/BF02405109
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the early stages of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and the risk of locomotive syndrome, as well as its effect upon muscle strength of the back, upper extremities, and lower extremities. LSS was diagnosed with a self-administered, self-reported history questionnaire. Participants (n=113) who agreed to be tested by the diagnostic support tool for LSS underwent three risk tests for locomotive syndrome: a stand-up test, a two-step test, and a 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25), as well as measurements of the strength of their grip, back extensor, hip flexor, and knee extensor muscles. Twenty-three participants were diagnosed with LSS by the questionnaire. Results of the stand-up test in the LSS group were significantly worse than those in the no-LSS group ( LSS diagnosed using the self-reported support tool worsened the stage of locomotive syndrome in older people. Furthermore, participants with LSS had significant lower extremity weakness.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2014
Location: Poland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Jonathan Reeve.