ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3760-0822
Current Organisations
Queensland University of Technology
,
Metro North Hospital and Health Service
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Public Health and Health Services | Health Information Systems (Incl. Surveillance) | Public Health And Health Services Not Elsewhere Classified | Health Information Systems (incl. Surveillance) | Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified | Primary Health Care | Health Care Administration | Epidemiology | Comparative Law | Pattern Recognition and Data Mining
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Injury control | Injury Control | Health policy evaluation | Public Health (excl. Specific Population Health) not elsewhere classified | Clinical health not specific to particular organs, diseases and conditions | Child Health | Health and support services not elsewhere classified | Public health not elsewhere classified | Expanding Knowledge in the Information and Computing Sciences | Law, Politics and Community Services not elsewhere classified | Health education and promotion | Child health |
Related Links
Publications
The epidemiology of sports and leisure-related injury hospitalisations in Queensland: A five-year review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Community Opioid Dispensing After Injury (CODI): Protocol for a Population-Based Data Linkage Study (Preprint)
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 13-01-2022
Abstract: here is an urgent need to reduce preventable deaths and hospitalizations from prescription opioid harms and minimize the negative effect opioid misuse can have on injured in iduals, families, and the wider community. Data linkage between administrative hospitalization records for injured patients and community opioid dispensing can improve our understanding of the health and surgical trajectories of injured persons and generate insights into corresponding opioid dispensing patterns. he Community Opioid Dispensing after Injury (CODI) study aims to link inpatient hospitalization data with opioid dispensing data to examine the distribution and predictive factors associated with high or prolonged community opioid dispensing among adults, for 2 years following an injury-related hospital admission. his is a retrospective population-based cohort study of adults aged 18 years or older hospitalized with an injury in Queensland, Australia. The study involves the linkage of statewide hospital admissions, opioid prescription dispensing, and mortality data collections. All adults hospitalized for an injury between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015, will be included in the cohort. Demographics and injury factors are recorded at the time of the injury admission. Opioid dispensing data will be linked and extracted for 3 months prior to the injury admission date to 2 years after the injury separation date (last date December 31, 2017). Deaths data will be extracted for the 2-year follow-up period. The primary outcome measure will be opioid dispensing (frequency and quantity) in the 2 years following the injury admission. Patterns and factors associated with community opioid dispensing will be examined for different injury types, mechanisms, and population subgroups. Appropriate descriptive statistics will be used to describe the cohort. Regression models will be used to examine factors predictive of levels and duration of opioid use. Nonparametric methods will be applied when the data are not normally distributed. he project is funded by the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Foundation. As of November 2021, all ethics and data custodian approvals have been granted. Data extraction and linkage has been completed. Data management and analysis is underway with results relating to an analysis for blunt chest trauma patients expected to be published in 2022. ittle is currently known of the true prevalence or patterns of opioid dispensing following injury across Queensland. This study will provide new insights about factors associated with high and long-term opioid dispensing at a population level. This information is essential to inform targeted public policy and interventions to reduce the risk of prolonged opioid use and dependence for those injured. The novel work undertaken for this project will be vital to planning, delivering, monitoring, and evaluating health care services for those injured. The findings of this study will be used to inform key stakeholders as well as clinicians and pain management services. R1-10.2196/36357
Electric personal MObility DEvices Surveillance (E-MODES) study: Injury presentations to emergency departments in Brisbane, Queensland
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Impact of ladder‐related falls on the emergency department and recommendations for ladder safety
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-09-2018
Abstract: To describe the characteristics of patients who presented to the ED from a ladder-related fall and their injuries, highlight the impact of ladder-related falls on the ED, identify contributing factors of ladder falls and draw recommendations to improve ladder safety. A prospective observational study was conducted in two EDs. Patients' demographics and ED services used were obtained from medical records. A 53-item questionnaire was used to gather information about the type of ladder used, ladder activity, circumstances of the fall, contributing factors and future recommendations. A total of 177 patients were recruited for this study. The typical patient was male, over the age of 50 and using a domestic ladder. The ED length of stay was between 30 min and 16 h, and was longer if patients were transferred to the short stay unit. Services most utilised in the ED included diagnostic tests, procedures and referrals to other healthcare teams. Most falls occurred because of ladder movement and slips or misstep. The major contributing factors identified were a combination of user features and flaws in ladder setup. Ladder-related falls carry a considerable burden to the ED. Recommendations include ladder safety interventions that target ladder users most at risk of falls: men, ≥50 years old and performing domestic tasks. Safety interventions should emphasise task avoidance, education and training, utilisation of safety equipment and appropriate ladder setup.
A comparison of methods to identify alcohol involvement in youth injury-related emergency department presentation data
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-05-2013
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.12051
Abstract: The study aims to compare methods for identifying alcohol involvement in injury-related emergency department (ED) presentation in Queensland youth, and explore alcohol terminology used in triage text. ED Information System data were provided for patients aged 12-24 years with an injury-related diagnosis code for a 5-year period 2006-2010 presenting to a Queensland ED (n=348,895). Three approaches were used to estimate alcohol involvement: (i) analysis of coded data (ii) mining of triage text and (iii) estimation using an adaptation of alcohol attributable fractions. Around 6.4% of these injury presentations overall had some documentation of alcohol involvement, with higher proportions of alcohol involvement documented for 18 to 24-year-olds, females, indigenous youth, where presentations occurred on a Saturday or Sunday, and where presentations occurred between midnight and 5 am. The most common alcohol terms identified for all subgroups were generic alcohol terms (e.g. ethanol or alcohol), with almost half of the cases where alcohol involvement was documented having a generic alcohol term recorded in the triage text. ED data are useful sources of information for identification of high-risk sub-groups to target intervention opportunities, though it is not a reliable source of data for incidence or trend estimation in its current unstandardised form. Improving the accuracy and consistency of identification, documenting and coding of alcohol involvement at the point of data capture in the ED is the most desirable long-term approach to produce a more solid evidence base to support policy and practice in this field.
Injury narrative text classification: A preliminary study
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-11-2014
Applying a public health approach to identify priorities for regulating child product safety
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
Alcohol-related emergency department injury presentations in Queensland adolescents and young adults over a 13-year period.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-10-2014
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.12218
Abstract: The rate of alcohol-related emergency department (ED) presentations in young people has increased dramatically in recent decades. Injuries are the most common type of youth alcohol-related ED presentation, yet little is known about these injuries in young people. This paper describes the characteristics of alcohol-related ED injury presentations in young people over a 13-year period and determines if they differ by gender and/or age group (adolescents: 12-17 years young adults: 18-24 years). The Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit (QISU) database collects injury surveillance data at triage in participating EDs throughout Queensland, Australia. A total of 4667 cases of alcohol-related injuries in young people (aged 12-24 years) were identified in the QISU database between January 1999 and December 2011, using an injury surveillance code and nursing triage text-based search strategy. Overall, young people accounted for 38% of all QISU alcohol-related ED injury presentations in patients aged 12 years or over. The majority of young adults presented with injuries due to violence and falls, whereas adolescents presented due to self-harm or intoxication without other injury. Males presented with injuries due to violence, whereas females presented with alcohol-related self-harm and intoxication. There is a need for more effective ways of identifying the degree of alcohol involvement in injuries among young people presenting to EDs.
Global Political Marketing
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 16-10-2009
Factors associated with higher alcohol concentrations in emergency department presentations: PACE study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 13-09-2023
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13744
Causes of injuries resulting in hospitalisation in Australia: Assessing coder agreement on external causes
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-2009
Abstract: To assess extent of coder agreement for external causes of injury using ICD-10-AM for injury-related hospitalisations in Australian public hospitals. A random s le of 4850 discharges from 2002 to 2004 was obtained from a stratified random s le of 50 hospitals across four states in Australia. On-site medical record reviews were conducted and external cause codes were assigned blinded to the original coded data. Code agreement levels were grouped into the following agreement categories: block level, 3-character level, 4-character level, 5th-character level, and complete code level. At a broad block level, code agreement was found in over 90% of cases for most mechanisms (eg, transport, fall). Percentage disagreement was 26.0% at the 3-character level agreement for the complete external cause code was 67.6%. For activity codes, the percentage of disagreement at the 3-character level was 7.3% and agreement for the complete activity code was 68.0%. For place of occurrence codes, the percentage of disagreement at the 4-character level was 22.0% agreement for the complete place code was 75.4%. With 68% agreement for complete codes and 74% agreement for 3-character codes, as well as variability in agreement levels across different code blocks, place and activity codes, researchers need to be aware of the reliability of their specific data of interest when they wish to undertake trend analyses or case selection for specific causes of interest.
Communicating consequences with costs: A commentary on Corso et al’s cost of injury
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 26-10-2015
Machine learning approaches to analysing textual injury surveillance data: A systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2015.03.018
Abstract: To synthesise recent research on the use of machine learning approaches to mining textual injury surveillance data. Systematic review. The electronic databases which were searched included PubMed, Cinahl, Medline, Google Scholar, and Proquest. The bibliography of all relevant articles was examined and associated articles were identified using a snowballing technique. For inclusion, articles were required to meet the following criteria: (a) used a health-related database, (b) focused on injury-related cases, AND used machine learning approaches to analyse textual data. The papers identified through the search were screened resulting in 16 papers selected for review. Articles were reviewed to describe the databases and methodology used, the strength and limitations of different techniques, and quality assurance approaches used. Due to heterogeneity between studies meta-analysis was not performed. Occupational injuries were the focus of half of the machine learning studies and the most common methods described were Bayesian probability or Bayesian network based methods to either predict injury categories or extract common injury scenarios. Models were evaluated through either comparison with gold standard data or content expert evaluation or statistical measures of quality. Machine learning was found to provide high precision and accuracy when predicting a small number of categories, was valuable for visualisation of injury patterns and prediction of future outcomes. However, difficulties related to generalizability, source data quality, complexity of models and integration of content and technical knowledge were discussed. The use of narrative text for injury surveillance has grown in popularity, complexity and quality over recent years. With advances in data mining techniques, increased capacity for analysis of large databases, and involvement of computer scientists in the injury prevention field, along with more comprehensive use and description of quality assurance methods in text mining approaches, it is likely that we will see a continued growth and advancement in knowledge of text mining in the injury field.
Using routinely collected hospital data for child maltreatment surveillance: Issues, methods and patterns
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-01-2011
Injury narrative text classification using factorization model
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-05-2015
Reliability of routinely collected hospital data for child maltreatment surveillance
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-01-2011
Identification of alcohol involvement in injury‐related hospitalisations using routine data compared to medical record review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2010
DOI: 10.1111/J.1753-6405.2010.00499.X
Abstract: To quantify the extent that alcohol related injuries are adequately identified in hospitalisation data using ICD-10-AM codes indicative of alcohol involvement. A random s le of 4,373 injury-related hospital separations from 1 July 2002 to 30 June 2004 were obtained from a stratified random s le of 50 hospitals across four states in Australia. From this s le, cases were identified as involving alcohol if they contained an ICD-10-AM diagnosis or external cause code referring to alcohol, or if the text description extracted from the medical records mentioned alcohol involvement. Overall, identification of alcohol involvement using ICD codes detected 38% of the alcohol-related s le, while almost 94% of alcohol-related cases were identified through a search of the text extracted from the medical records. The resultant estimate of alcohol involvement in injury-related hospitalisations in this s le was 10%. Emergency department records were the most likely to identify whether the injury was alcohol-related with almost three-quarters of alcohol-related cases mentioning alcohol in the text abstracted from these records. The current best estimates of the frequency of hospital admissions where alcohol is involved prior to the injury underestimate the burden by around 62%. This is a substantial underestimate that has major implications for public policy, and highlights the need for further work on improving the quality and completeness of routine administrative data sources for identification of alcohol-related injuries.
[Letter] Use of routine health data to complement monitoring of consumer product-related injuries
Publisher: AMPCo
Date: 11-2011
DOI: 10.5694/MJA11.11095
Applying services marketing principles to postgraduate supervision
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 26-09-2008
DOI: 10.1108/09684880810906481
Abstract: The paper aims to describe the application of two key service quality frameworks for improving the delivery of postgraduate research supervision. The services quality frameworks are used to identify key areas of overlap between services marketing practice and postgraduate supervision that can be used by the supervisor to improve research supervision outcomes for the student. The paper is a conceptual and theoretical examination of the two streams of literature that proposes a supervision gap model based on the services gap literature, and the application of services delivery frameworks of co‐creation and service quality. Services marketing literature can inform the process of designing and delivering postgraduate research supervision by clarifying student supervisor roles, setting parameters and using quality assurance frameworks for supervision delivery. The five services quality indicators can be used to examine overlooked areas of supervision delivery, and the co‐creation approach of services marketing can be used to empower student design and engaged in the quality of the supervision experience. As a conceptual paper based on developing a theoretical structure for applying services marketing theory into the research supervision context, the paper is limited to suggesting potential applications. Further research studies will be necessary to test the field implementation of the approach. The practical implications of the paper include implementation suggestions for applying the supervisor gaps for assessing areas of potential breakdown in the supervision arrangement. The paper draws on two erse areas of theoretical work to integrate the experience, knowledge and frameworks of commercial services marketing into the postgraduate research supervision literature.
Exploring the First Year Academic Achievement of School Leavers and Mature-Age Students Through Structural Equation Modelling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2004
Classifying the narrated #selfie: genre typing human-branding activity
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 12-09-2016
Abstract: This paper explores the purposive use of the selfie in the construction of personal narratives that develop and support an in idual’s human brand. Selfies were ided into archetypical clusters of “genres” that reflected the combined story told through Instagram image and accompanying text captions. The analysis drew a randomized s le of 1,000 images with accompanying text from a large capture of 3,300 English language captioned selfies. Coding for semantic and semiotic data used a three-wave technique to overcome interpretive limitations. Based on their structural characteristics, seven genre types emerged from the coded s le set. These primary genres of selfie meta-narratives are autobiography, parody, propaganda, romance, self-help, travel diary and coffee-table book. The research is limited in generalization to the Instagram photo-sharing app platform by design. S les were taken from the app due both to its popularity and its capacity to annotate images. Selfies conducted in non-public, non-annotation-based apps may produce alternative genres and classifications. The paper presents a genre classification to examine how selfies are used to “show, not tell” a portion of the consumer’s life story. Brands, firms and marketers can apply genres to examine the selfie types that best connect with the identity of their brands and consumers, based on how their consumers communicate within the Instagram network. Selfies are an oft pathologized and moralized aspect of consumer conduct. We present a view of the selfie as a deliberate, consciously considered communication approach to maintaining social bonds between friends, family and wider audience. Selfies are presented as a combined effect of consumption of a social media service (Instagram) and the co-production of valued content (the selfie) that recognizes the in idual as an active constructor of their digital self. The paper outlines a novel framework of selfie genres to classify the deliberate human-brand narratives expressed in selfies. By taking a narrative perspective to the Instagram selfie practice, the genre type captures the combined effect of the mimesis and diegesis, where the mimesis showing of self is contextualized with the diegesis of the provided captions to capture an intentional storytelling act of image and text.
Current profile of cycling injuries: A retrospective analysis of a trauma centre level 1 in Queensland
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-11-2016
Abstract: One out of 50 injury-related presentations to an ED is a transport-related cycling injury. Detailed information about the most frequent mechanism of cycling injuries, sustained injuries and patterns are under-reported. The objective of this research was to examine the pattern of injuries sustained by cyclists at a level 1 trauma centre. A retrospective review of data of injured cyclists admitted and treated at a level 1 trauma centre between 2011 and 2012 evaluated demographic data, mechanism of injury, injury pattern, economic costs and outcome. Data of 261 patients (mean age of 39 years) were reviewed, of which 88% was male patients with an average age of 38 years. Non-collision cycling injuries were reported in 55% of cases followed by collisions with other motor vehicles in 25.6% of cases. The mean injury severity score (ISS) was 9, but an ISS ≥ 12 was documented in 24%. Predominantly upper limb injuries (24.8%) were found, followed by injuries to the head and lower limb (each with 16.8%). Traumatic brain and chest injuries were equally seen in 8%. The overall length of stay was 4 days, and survival rate was 98%. This current data review reveals that non-collision traffic crashes accounted for the majority of injuries in cyclists treated in this facility, and the upper limb has replaced the head as the most injured body part. With a growing number of cyclists, this information contributes to considerations to improve road safety and trauma management.
The use of narrative text for injury surveillance research: A systematic review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2009.09.020
Abstract: To summarise the extent to which narrative text fields in administrative health data are used to gather information about the event resulting in presentation to a health care provider for treatment of an injury, and to highlight best practise approaches to conducting narrative text interrogation for injury surveillance purposes. Systematic review. Electronic databases searched included CINAHL, Google Scholar, Medline, Proquest, PubMed and PubMed Central. Snowballing strategies were employed by searching the bibliographies of retrieved references to identify relevant associated articles. Papers were selected if the study used a health-related database and if the study objectives were to a) use text field to identify injury cases or use text fields to extract additional information on injury circumstances not available from coded data or b) use text fields to assess accuracy of coded data fields for injury-related cases or c) describe methods/approaches for extracting injury information from text fields. The papers identified through the search were independently screened by two authors for inclusion, resulting in 41 papers selected for review. Due to heterogeneity between studies meta-analysis was not performed. The majority of papers reviewed focused on describing injury epidemiology trends using coded data and text fields to supplement coded data (28 papers), with these studies demonstrating the value of text data for providing more specific information beyond what had been coded to enable case selection or provide circumstantial information. Caveats were expressed in terms of the consistency and completeness of recording of text information resulting in underestimates when using these data. Four coding validation papers were reviewed with these studies showing the utility of text data for validating and checking the accuracy of coded data. Seven studies (9 papers) described methods for interrogating injury text fields for systematic extraction of information, with a combination of manual and semi-automated methods used to refine and develop algorithms for extraction and classification of coded data from text. Quality assurance approaches to assessing the robustness of the methods for extracting text data was only discussed in 8 of the epidemiology papers, and 1 of the coding validation papers. All of the text interrogation methodology papers described systematic approaches to ensuring the quality of the approach. Manual review and coding approaches, text search methods, and statistical tools have been utilised to extract data from narrative text and translate it into useable, detailed injury event information. These techniques can and have been applied to administrative datasets to identify specific injury types and add value to previously coded injury datasets. Only a few studies thoroughly described the methods which were used for text mining and less than half of the studies which were reviewed used/described quality assurance methods for ensuring the robustness of the approach. New techniques utilising semi-automated computerised approaches and Bayesian/clustering statistical methods offer the potential to further develop and standardise the analysis of narrative text for injury surveillance.
Exploring Catholic Social Teaching in a Social Marketing Context
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 26-07-2016
Abstract: Social change through the use of social marketing has often grappled with the principle of “social good”. Building on the tradition of Klein and Laczniak (2009, 2012) in applying Catholic Social Teaching (CST) to commercial marketing, this paper outlines the points of similarity and ergence of contemporary social marketing frameworks with CST. As social marketing theory and practice moves away from its marketing parent discipline roots, this paper argues that CST with its focus on human dignity, subsidiary and the common good provides an increasingly relevant and compatible framework with which to evaluate ethical issues emerging in the social marketing domain. There is potential for social marketers to draw on the intellectual work underpinning CST to inform social marketing practice in engaging in the delivery of social benefit independent of the religious tradition.
Exploring first‐year academic achievement through structural equation modelling
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-2004
Application of a Machine Learning-Based Decision Support Tool to Improve an Injury Surveillance System Workflow
Publisher: Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Date: 05-2022
DOI: 10.1055/A-1863-7176
Abstract: Background Emergency department (ED)-based injury surveillance systems across many countries face resourcing challenges related to manual validation and coding of data. Objective This study describes the evaluation of a machine learning (ML)-based decision support tool (DST) to assist injury surveillance departments in the validation, coding, and use of their data, comparing outcomes in coding time, and accuracy pre- and postimplementations. Methods Manually coded injury surveillance data have been used to develop, train, and iteratively refine a ML-based classifier to enable semiautomated coding of injury narrative data. This paper describes a trial implementation of the ML-based DST in the Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit (QISU) workflow using a major pediatric hospital's ED data comparing outcomes in coding time and pre- and postimplementation accuracies. Results The study found a 10% reduction in manual coding time after the DST was introduced. The Kappa statistics analysis in both DST-assisted and -unassisted data shows increase in accuracy across three data fields, that is, injury intent (85.4% unassisted vs. 94.5% assisted), external cause (88.8% unassisted vs. 91.8% assisted), and injury factor (89.3% unassisted vs. 92.9% assisted). The classifier was also used to produce a timely report monitoring injury patterns during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Hence, it has the potential for near real-time surveillance of emerging hazards to inform public health responses. Conclusion The integration of the DST into the injury surveillance workflow shows benefits as it facilitates timely reporting and acts as a DST in the manual coding process.
Accuracy of external cause-of-injury coding in hospital records
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 02-2009
Abstract: To appraise the published evidence regarding the accuracy of external cause-of-injury codes in hospital records. Systematic review. Electronic databases searched included PubMed, PubMed Central, Medline, CINAHL, Academic Search Elite, Proquest Health and Medical Complete, and Google Scholar. Snowballing strategies were used by searching the bibliographies of retrieved references to identify relevant associated articles. Studies were included in the review if they assessed the accuracy of external cause-of-injury coding in hospital records via a recoding methodology. The papers identified through the search were independently screened by two authors for inclusion. Because of heterogeneity between studies, meta-analysis was not performed. Very limited research on the accuracy of external cause coding for injury-related hospitalisation using medical record review and recoding methodologies has been conducted, with only five studies matching the selection criteria. The accuracy of external cause coding using ICD-9-CM ranged from approximately 64% when exact code agreement was examined to approximately 85% when agreement for broader groups of codes was examined. Although broad external cause groupings coded in ICD-9-CM can be used with some confidence, researchers should exercise caution for very specific codes until further research is conducted to validate these data. As all previous studies have been conducted using ICD-9-CM, research is needed to quantify the accuracy of coding using ICD-10-AM, and validate the use of these data for injury surveillance purposes.
Long term impact of ladder-related injuries as measured by the AQoL instrument
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-06-2020
Benchmarking Road Safety Success: Issues to Consider
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.AUSMJ.2009.06.004
Abstract: Success in social marketing is rarely clear cut and even more rarely believed to have been achieved. Social marketing practitioners are under increasing scrutiny to benchmark efficiencies of social change programs to achieve ‘success’ outcomes. Using road safety as a case study, this paper addresses the complex nature of success within a social marketing context. First, we discuss the conundrum facing road safety in articulating ‘success’ when at policy level success is quantified objectively, yet at a community level perceptions of system failure are equated with in idual death. Methodologically we apply comparative empirical approaches to examine perceptual versus objective road safety outcomes. The paper concludes with a discussion and proposal of alternate strategies for measuring programmatic success, and raise issues concerning the longevity of developing competitive and sustainable benchmarks.
Capturing and Analyzing Social Media Composite Content: The Instagram Selfie
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited
Date: 28-11-2016
Reaffirming the Neutrality of the Social Marketing Tool Kit: Social Marketing as a Hammer, and Social Marketers as Hired Guns
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 03-2007
DOI: 10.1080/15245000601158390
Abstract: Social marketing has been a discipline founded on the open and robust exchange of ideas regarding the nature of social change, the adaptation and adoption of commercial marketing, and the ethics of influencing behavior for beneficial outcomes. As a practical discipline, with a strong theoretical and philosophical framework, it also relies on the open communication between academic and practitioner to ensure those researching and those implementing are speaking the same social marketing language. In early 2006, the international social marketing mailing list (SOC-MKT) was subject to a short, albeit critical, debate on the ethics and nature of social marketing, the social marketing tool kit, and the role of social marketers. This article reports on the summary and implications of the debate among academics, practitioners, and founders of the social marketing discipline.
Development of a standardized minimum dataset for including low-severity trauma patients in trauma registry collections in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2023
DOI: 10.1111/ANS.18326
Improving autocoding performance of rare categories in injury classification: Is more training data or filtering the solution?
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2017.10.020
Abstract: Classical Machine Learning (ML) models have been found to assign the external-cause-of-injury codes (E-codes) based on injury narratives with good overall accuracy but often struggle with rare categories, primarily due to lack of enough training cases and heavily skewed nature of injurdata. In this paper, we have: a) studied the effect of increasing the size of training data on the prediction performance of three classical ML models: Multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Logistic Regression (LR), and b) studied the effect of filtering based on prediction strength of LR model when the model is trained on very-small (10,000 cases) and very-large (450,000 cases) training sets. Data from Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit from years 2002-2012, which was categorized into 20 broad E-codes was used for this study. Eleven randomly chosen training sets of size ranging from 10,000 to 450,000 cases were used to train the ML models, and the prediction performance was analyzed on a prediction set of 50,150 cases. Filtering approach was tested on LR models trained on smallest and largest training datasets. Sensitivity was used as the performance measure for in idual categories. Weighted average sensitivity (WAvg) and Unweighted average sensitivity (UAvg) were used as the measures of overall performance. Filtering approach was also tested for estimating category counts and was compared with approaches of summing prediction probabilities and counting direct predictions by ML model. The overall performance of all three ML models improved with increase in the size of training data. The overall sensitivities with maximum training size for LR and SVM models were similar (∼82%), and higher than MNB (76%). For all the ML models, the sensitivities of rare categories improved with increasing training data but they were considerably less than sensitivities of larger categories. With increasing training data size, LR and SVM exhibited diminishing improvement in UAvg whereas the improvement was relatively steady in case of MNB. Filtering based on prediction strength of LR model (and manual review of filtered cases) helped in improving the sensitivities of rare categories. A sizeable portion of cases still needed to be filtered even when the LR model was trained on very large training set. For estimating category counts, filtering approach provided best estimates for most E-codes and summing prediction probabilities approach provided better estimates for rare categories. Increasing the size of training data alone cannot solve the problem of poor classification performance on rare categories by ML models. Filtering could be an effective strategy to improve classification performance of rare categories when large training data is not available.
The population approach to falls injury prevention in older people: Findings of a two community trial
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-02-2010
Prevalence of alcohol consumption in emergency presentations
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-08-2023
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13534
Abstract: The aim was to determine the prevalence of alcohol‐related presentations to an emergency department (ED) in a major Australian hospital, through a novel surveillance approach using two biomarkers, blood ethanol and phosphatidylethanol (PEth). Observational study using secondary testing of blood s les collected during routine clinical care of ED patients presenting to the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital in Queensland, Australia, between 22 January and 2 February 2021. Data were collected from 1160 patients during the 10‐day study period. The main outcomes were the prevalence of acute alcohol intake, as determined by blood ethanol, and recent use over 2–4 weeks, as determined by PEth concentrations, for all ED presentations and different diagnostic groups. The overall prevalence for blood ethanol was 9.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.8%, 11.1%), 5.3% for general medical presentations, increasing four‐fold to 22.2% for injury presentations. The overall prevalence of PEth positive s les was 32.5% (95% CI 29.9%, 35.3%) and 41.4% for injury presentations. There were 263 (25.3%) cases that tested negative for acute blood ethanol but positive for PEth concentrations indicative of significant to heavy medium‐term alcohol consumption. This novel surveillance approach demonstrates that using blood ethanol tests in isolation significantly underestimates the prevalence of medium‐term alcohol consumption in ED presentations. Prevalence of alcohol use was higher for key diagnostic groups such as injury presentations. Performing periodic measurement of both acute and medium‐term alcohol consumption accurately and objectively in ED presentations, would be valuable for informing targeted public health prevention and control strategies.
Bandaids are not the fix: Examining the patterns of injury‐related emergency department presentations in Australian children
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-09-2022
Abstract: To provide an epidemiological understanding of the types of injuries treated in ED in Australian children, describe the impact of these injuries in volume and severity, and assess the patterns by demographic and temporal factors. ED data from six major paediatric hospitals in four Australian states over the period 2011–2017 were analysed to identify childhood injury patterns by nature of injury and body region, as well as sex, age group and temporal factors. A total of 486 762 ED presentations for injury in children aged 0–14 years were analysed. The most common injuries for all age groups were fractures of the upper extremities. Leading injury diagnosis groups varied by age groups and sex. Overall, children aged 1–2 years had the highest number of ED presentations for injury, and from birth more males than females presented to ED with injuries with the highest absolute sex difference observed for 10‐ to 14‐year‐olds. Seventeen percent of children who presented to ED were admitted to hospital with the leading type of hospitalised injury being fractures. Little monthly variation in ED presentations was observed, except for higher presentations for drowning in summer months, and for most injury types, ED presentations were higher during weekends and daytime. This is the first large‐scale quantification of paediatric injury‐related ED presentation patterns in Australia since the conclusion of the National Injury Surveillance and Prevention Program about 30 years ago. It provides valuable information to inform paediatric ED resourcing decisions as well as important evidence for injury prevention practitioners.
Challenges to trauma care delivery for Australian and New Zealand trauma clinicians
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.INJURY.2020.01.003
Abstract: The availability and implementation of evidence-based care is essential to achieving safe, quality trauma patient outcomes. Little is documented, however, about the challenges trauma clinicians face in their day-to day practice, or their views on the availability of evidence. This paper presents the most significant clinical practice challenges reported by multidisciplinary trauma care professionals in Australia and New Zealand, in particular those that may be resolved with focussed research or enhanced implementation activity. An exploratory survey of trauma professionals from relevant Australia and New Zealand professional organisations was conducted between September 2018 and February 2019 using the Snowballing Method. Participants were recruited via a non-random s ling technique to complete an online survey. Thematic analyses were conducted. There were nine significant clinical practice challenge themes in trauma care, arising from 287 in idual clinical practice challenges reported. The most reported being clinical management (bleeding, spinal, older patients) and operationalisation of the trauma system. There was no consensus as to the availability of evidence to guide each theme. Future research should seek to address the clinical practice challenge of Australian and New Zealand trauma community to enable safe, quality trauma patient outcomes.
Classifying External Causes of Injury: History, Current Approaches, and Future Directions
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 11-2011
Abstract: The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is used to categorize diseases, injuries, and external causes of injury, and it is a key epidemiologic tool enabling storage and retrieval of data from health and vital records to produce core international mortality and morbidity statistics. The ICD is updated periodically to ensure the classification system remains current, and work is now under way to develop the next revision, ICD-11. It has been almost 20 years since the last ICD edition was published and over 60 years since the last substantial structural revision of the external causes chapter. Revision of such a critical tool requires transparency and documentation to ensure that changes made to the classification system are recorded comprehensively for future reference. In this paper, the authors provide a history of the development of external causes classification and outline the external cause structure. They discuss approaches to manage ICD-10 deficiencies and outline the ICD-11 revision approach regarding the development of, rationale for, and implications of proposed changes to the chapter. Through improved capture of external cause concepts in ICD-11, a stronger evidence base will be available to inform injury prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and policy initiatives to ultimately contribute to a reduction in injury morbidity and mortality.
Leveraging Data Quality to Better Prepare for Process Mining: An Approach Illustrated Through Analysing Road Trauma Pre-Hospital Retrieval and Transport Processes in Queensland
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-03-2019
Abstract: While noting the importance of data quality, existing process mining methodologies (i) do not provide details on how to assess the quality of event data (ii) do not consider how the identification of data quality issues can be exploited in the planning, data extraction and log building phases of any process mining analysis, (iii) do not highlight potential impacts of poor quality data on different types of process analyses. As our key contribution, we develop a process-centric, data quality-driven approach to preparing for a process mining analysis which can be applied to any existing process mining methodology. Our approach, adapted from elements of the well known CRISP-DM data mining methodology, includes conceptual data modeling, quality assessment at both attribute and event level, and trial discovery and conformance to develop understanding of system processes and data properties to inform data extraction. We illustrate our approach in a case study involving the Queensland Ambulance Service (QAS) and Retrieval Services Queensland (RSQ). We describe the detailed preparation for a process mining analysis of retrieval and transport processes (ground and aero-medical) for road-trauma patients in Queensland. S le datasets obtained from QAS and RSQ are utilised to show how quality metrics, data models and exploratory process mining analyses can be used to (i) identify data quality issues, (ii) anticipate and explain certain observable features in process mining analyses, (iii) distinguish between systemic and occasional quality issues, and (iv) reason about the mechanisms by which identified quality issues may have arisen in the event log. We contend that this knowledge can be used to guide the data extraction and pre-processing stages of a process mining case study to properly align the data with the case study research questions.
Ambulance Use Is associated with higher self-rated illness seriousness: User attitudes and perceptions
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2013
DOI: 10.1111/ACEM.12149
Abstract: The objective was to study the role and effect of patients' perceptions on reasons for using ambulance services in Queensland, Australia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted of patients (n = 911) presenting via ambulance or self-transport at eight public hospital emergency departments (EDs). The survey included perceived illness severity, attitudes toward ambulance, and reasons for using ambulance. A theoretical framework was developed to inform this study. Ambulance users had significantly higher self-rated perceived seriousness, urgency, and pain than self-transports. They were also more likely to agree that ambulance services are for everyone to use, regardless of the severity of their conditions. In compared to self-transports, likelihood of using an ambulance increased by 26% for every unit increase in perceived seriousness and patients who had not used an ambulance in the 6 months prior to the survey were 66% less likely to arrive by ambulance. Patients who had presented via ambulance stated they considered the urgency (87%) or severity (84%) of their conditions as reasons for calling the ambulance. Other reasons included requiring special care (76%), getting higher priority at the ED (34%), not having a car (34%), and financial concerns (17%). Understanding patients' perceptions is essential in explaining their actions and developing safe and effective health promotion programs. In iduals use ambulances for various reasons and justifications according to their beliefs, attitudes, and sociodemographic conditions. Policies to reduce and manage demand for such services need to address both general opinions and specific attitudes toward emergency health services to be effective.
Identifying work related injuries: comparison of methods for interrogating text fields
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-04-2010
Adaptation and adoption of the American Marketing Association (2007) definition for social marketing
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 27-05-2008
DOI: 10.1080/15245000802034739
Abstract: Social marketing has traditionally been the adaptation and adoption of commercial marketing. With the release of the American Marketing Association (2007) definition, commercial marketing may well have become the adaptation of social marketing with the new commercial marketing definition recognizing the role of non-profit and social marketing with “clients” as one of the four beneficiaries of marketing activities. The revised definition also includes indirect benefit in the form of value for customers, consumers, and society at large in an update that makes the contemporary definition of marketing extremely compatible with existing social marketing theory and practice. This article examines how social marketing theory and practice fit into the revised understanding of commercial marketing. It also discusses how the new AMA definition resolves several of the problems encountered with the AMA 2004 definition of marketing. In summary, AMA (2007) presents an opportunity for the mainstreaming of social marketing within the core understanding of marketing practice, while also creating the opportunity for social marketers to adopt the commercial marketing approach of creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings of value to improve the welfare of the in idual and that of society.
Facilitating Co-Creation Experience in the Classroom with Lego Serious Play
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 05-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.AUSMJ.2018.05.013
Abstract: Lego Serious Play was founded within the Lego Corporation in the mid-90s as a response to an unusual problem why a company that sold creativity by the kilo was struggling for market share, profit and new thinking. Built from the ground up as a make-or-break proposition, the LSP process is an industry strength business solution designed to create conducive conditions for problem recognition, knowledge creation, and shared understanding. Based on these condition, and the 2010 open source licence of the protocol, this paper outlines the Lego Serious Play process, the history and origin of the method, and the seven principles underpinning its operation. The paper then outlines the adaptation of the LSP method from industry to academy, to showcase how to bring the technique into the classroom. Educators can use the step by step guide to construct a classroom activity that draws on Lego Serious Play to further promote key graduate outcomes of communication, creativity and shared understanding.
The reliability of information on work-related injuries available from hospitalisation data in Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
DOI: 10.1111/J.1753-6405.2009.00404.X
Abstract: To examine the reliability of work-related activity coding for injury-related hospitalisations in Australia. A random s le of 4,373 injury-related hospital separations from 1 July 2002 to 30 June 2004 were obtained from a stratified random s le of 50 hospitals across four states in Australia. From this s le, cases were identified as work-related if they contained an ICD-10-AM work-related activity code (U73) allocated by either: (i) the original coder (ii) an independent auditor, blinded to the original code or (iii) a research assistant, blinded to both the original and auditor codes, who reviewed narrative text extracted from the medical record. The concordance of activity coding and number of cases identified as work-related using each method were compared. Of the 4,373 cases s led, 318 cases were identified as being work-related using any of the three methods for identification. The original coder identified 217 and the auditor identified 266 work-related cases (68.2% and 83.6% of the total cases identified, respectively). Around 10% of cases were only identified through the text description review. The original coder and auditor agreed on the assignment of work-relatedness for 68.9% of cases. The best estimates of the frequency of hospital admissions for occupational injury underestimate the burden by around 32%. This is a substantial underestimate that has major implications for public policy, and highlights the need for further work on improving the quality and completeness of routine, administrative data sources for a more complete identification of work-related injuries.
Rehabilitation professionals’ views on social media use in traumatic brain injury rehabilitation: gatekeepers to participation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-11-2021
DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1685604
Abstract: Rehabilitation professionals support people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to return to meaningful participation in life and society - which now includes the use of social media. However, the role of health professionals in supporting the use of social media by adults with TBI is not yet known. This study aimed to investigate the experiences and views of rehabilitation professionals on the use of social media by people with TBI during rehabilitation. Two focus groups were conducted and analysed qualitatively for content themes. Eleven rehabilitation professionals, including allied health, recreational therapy, and service management, took part in this study. Participants identified potential benefits to people with TBI using social media, including reduced social isolation. However, they expressed concerns about social media risks relating to the vulnerability, exploitation, and reputation management for people with TBI. Rehabilitation professionals viewed their role as being to protect people from these risks of harm, either through imposing restrictions on social media use or responding to problems after these occurred. A knowledge translation approach might help guide and support rehabilitation professionals in enabling adults with TBI to safely access and experience the benefits of meaningful engagement in social media during rehabilitation.Implications for rehabilitationRehabilitation professionals can start addressing social media use during collaborative goal setting, in order to support people with traumatic brain injury to use social media successfully during rehabilitation and beyond. To do this, professionals can inquire as to the person's previous social media use and identify priority areas for the person for short- and long-term goals.Rehabilitation targeting social media use should include instruction for participation in social media platforms, providing education and feedback that is positive and constructive, as well as risk management education.Policy and guidance is needed for rehabilitation professionals to more actively support people with traumatic brain injury to access social media for improved participation and inclusion in online communities.Addressing social media goals in rehabilitation should be informed by existing successful traumatic brain injury rehabilitation approaches (e.g., functional rehabilitation) and adopting strategies used in rehabilitation supporting other higher risk goals (e.g., return to driving).
Progress and challenges in the implementation of Electronic Medical Records in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review
Publisher: Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC)
Date: 31-05-2014
Assessing the concordance of health and child protection data for ‘maltreated’ and ‘unintentionally injured’ children
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 06-06-2011
Abstract: To quantify the concordance of hospital child maltreatment data with child protection service (CPS) records, and identify factors associated with linkage. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted following retrospective medical record review and database linkage of 884 child records from 20 hospitals and the CPS in Queensland, Australia. Nearly all children with hospital assigned maltreatment codes (93.1%) had a CPS record. Of these, 85.1% had a recent notification. 29% of the linked maltreatment group (n=113) were not known to the CPS prior to the hospital presentation. Almost one third of children with unintentional injury hospital codes were known to the CPS. Just over 24% of the linked unintentional injury group (n=34) were not known to the CPS prior to the hospital presentation but became known during or after discharge from hospital. These estimates are higher than the 2006/2007 annual rate of 2.39% of children being notified to the CPS. Rural children were more likely to link to the CPS, and children were over three times more likely to link if the index injury documentation included additional diagnoses or factors affecting their health. The system for referring maltreatment cases to the CPS is generally efficient, although up to 1 in 15 children had codes for maltreatment but could not be linked to CPS data. The high proportion of children with unintentional injury codes who linked to CPS suggests that clinicians and hospital-based child protection staff should be supported by further education and training to ensure children at risk are being detected by the child protection system.
Review of the literature on the use of social media by people with traumatic brain injury (TBI)
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-05-2015
DOI: 10.3109/09638288.2015.1045992
Abstract: To review the literature relating to use of social media by people with a traumatic brain injury (TBI), specifically its use for social engagement, information exchange or rehabilitation. A systematic review with a qualitative meta-synthesis of content themes was conducted. In June 2014, 10 databases were searched for relevant, peer-reviewed research studies in English that related to both TBI and social media. Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria, with Facebook™ and Twitter™ being the most common social media represented in the included studies. Content analysis identified three major categories of meaning in relation to social media and TBI: (1) risks and benefits (2) barriers and facilitators and (3) purposes of use of social media. A greater emphasis was evident regarding potential risks and apparent barriers to social media use, with little focus on facilitators of successful use by people with TBI. Research to date reveals a range of benefits to the use of social media by people with TBI however there is little empirical research investigating its use. Further research focusing on ways to remove the barriers and increase facilitators for the use of social media by people with TBI is needed.
Semi-automated text mining strategies for identifying rare causes of injuries from emergency room triage data
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 25-03-2019
Hazardous children’s products on the Australian and US market 2011–2017: an empirical analysis of child-related product safety recalls
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 08-08-2019
DOI: 10.1136/INJURYPREV-2019-043267
Abstract: While there is evidence that unsafe children’s products are entering the Australian market, with increasing product safety recalls, no research has examined the nature of recalls or their trends over time. This research analyses Australian and US child-related product safety recall data to better understand the frequency and nature of unsafe children’s products, emerging hazard trends and cross-jurisdictional similarities and differences. Results can inform improved childhood injury prevention policy and regulation strategies in Australia. Empirical analysis of child-related product safety recalls in Australia and the USA over the period 2011–2017. Cross-jurisdictional comparison revealed similarities in Australia and the USA, with over 80% of recalled products occurring in four industry segments (toys/games, household furniture/furnishings, clothing and sports equipment) and a common leading hazard of choking. Australia and the USA also had a similar number of child-related recalls over the study period (Australia: 652, USA: 668). Disparate trends included a 21% decrease in US child-related recalls over the study period, with most recalled products still complying with mandated safety requirements. In contrast, Australian child-related recalls increased by 88% over the study period, with the majority of recalled products failing to comply with mandated safety requirements. Based on US child-related recall data, the leading cause of injuries was the child falling, the most severe injuries related to furniture/furnishings and the most frequent injuries related to sports equipment. Analysing recall data provides new insights into hazardous children’s products. Cross-jurisdictional comparison of data on recalls highlights disparities and indicates a need for reforms to improve regulation of children’s products in Australia.
Trauma by‐pass guideline: A data‐driven conformance analysis for road trauma cases in Queensland
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-05-2021
Abstract: Study objectives were to (i) develop and test a whole‐of‐system method for identifying patients who meet a major trauma by‐pass guideline definition (ii) apply this method to assess conformance to the current 2006 guideline for a road trauma cohort and (iii) leverage relevant findings to propose improvements to the guideline. Retrospective analysis of existing, routinely collected data relating to Queensland road trauma patients July 2015 to June 2017. Data from ambulance, aero‐medical retrievals, ED, hospital and death registers were linked and used for analysis. Processes of care measured included: frequency of pre‐hospital triage criteria, distribution of destination (trauma service level), compliance with guideline (recommended vs actual destination), trauma service level by threat to life (injury severity) (all modes of transport and aero‐medical in particular), proportion of patients requiring only ED, transport pathway (direct vs inter‐hospital transfer). 3847 cases were identified from data as meeting criteria for major trauma by‐pass. The top five most frequently used criteria for qualifying patients as meeting the major trauma by‐pass guideline were pulse rate, vehicle rollover, possible spinal cord injury, respiration rate and entrapment. The study demonstrates a 65% conformance to the clinical guideline. Overtriaged patients (transported to higher trauma service than recommended) generally reveal International Classification of Disease Injury Severity Score representing a high threat to life. Overall, the present study found good conformance, with overtriage rate as expected by clinicians. It is recommended to include data values to capture paramedics assessment of trauma level to enable more accurate assessment of conformance to guideline and future revision of the thresholds.
Benchmarking Micro-Blog Performance
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-8408-9.CH014
Abstract: This chapter outlines a content classification framework designed to categorize content from in idual and group Twitter activity. Measurement of Twitter at the in idual account level can support the analysis of in idual use of Twitter, and, guide the use of the platform for commercial operations. Applying a pre-existing content classification framework allows for the consistent coding of Twitter timelines into one of the five categories, with an option to further refine into a series of sub-categories. This coding approach allows for the ongoing longitudinal measurement, benchmark and analysis of how in iduals or groups use their social media accounts. This chapter also outlines the potential use of the classification framework as a planning tool for guiding content creation. This approach creates a two-stage process of planned content engagement and consistent content measurement metrics from a single framework.
A needle in a haystack: The use of routinely collected emergency department injury surveillance data to help identify physical child abuse
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-06-2014
DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2013.806558
Abstract: A retrospective, descriptive analysis of a s le of children under 18 years presenting to a hospital emergency department (ED) for treatment of an injury was conducted. The aim was to explore characteristics and identify differences between children assigned abuse codes and children assigned unintentional injury codes using an injury surveillance database. Only 0.1% of children had been assigned the abuse code and 3.9% a code indicating possible abuse. Children between 2 and 5 years formed the largest proportion of those coded to abuse. Superficial injury and bruising were the most common types of injury seen in children in the abuse group and the possible abuse group (26.9% and 18.8%, respectively), whereas those with unintentional injury were most likely to present with open wounds (18.4%). This study demonstrates that routinely collected injury surveillance data can be a useful source of information for describing injury characteristics in children assigned abuse codes compared to those assigned no abuse codes.
Political marketing and stakeholder engagement
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-2009
Abstract: Political marketing theory has developed and evolved in conjunction with advancements in political science and commercial marketing. Commercial marketing has been increasingly interested in developing marketing mechanisms which allows it to satisfy the core customer groups while also meeting the broader needs of the community and other stakeholders. Political marketing has the opportunity to build a marketing framework that focuses on delivering value to a core target market (voters, supporters) and addressing the needs of society at large. The paper outlines a new definition of political marketing to meet the challenges of addressing the needs of the political marketplace, political party stakeholders, and the broader social agenda.
Twitter Data Acquisition and Analysis
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-8408-9.CH012
Abstract: Social media data collection is often treated as tacit knowledge with the collation of tweets reduced to a single sentence without explanation as to means, mechanisms or relative merit of the approach. This chapter describes methods and techniques for the capture of Twitter timeline data, inclusive of first person and third party methods for data capture from personal accounts, public accounts, and keyword searches. The chapter takes a practical approach to acquiring Twitter data with a focus on in idual timelines, and small to medium scale search sets. The emphasis is on being able to obtain, examine, and convert Twitter data into knowledge quickly, and with limited requirement for technical skills. This type of data collection assumes no prior programming knowledge. The chapter explains how to retrieve Twitter data from three sources: personally controlled timelines, third party timelines and ongoing search results. Finally, the chapter describes preliminary analysis that can be performed to ascertain content creation patterns, without recourse to analysis of in idual tweets.
External causes of emergency department presentations: A missing piece to understanding unintentional childhood injury in Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-06-2023
Abstract: To identify external causes of unintentional childhood injury presenting to Australian EDs. Six major paediatric hospitals in four Australian states supplied de‐identified ED data for 2011–2017 on age, sex, attendance time/date, presenting problem, injury diagnosis, triage category and mode of separation. Three hospitals supplied data on external cause and intent of injury. A machine classifier tool was used to supplement the missing external cause coding in the remaining hospitals to enable the compilation of a standardised dataset for childhood injury causes analysis. A total of 486 762 ED presentations for unintentional injury in children aged 0–14 years were analysed. The leading specified cause of ED presentations was low fall (35.0%) followed by struck/collision with an object (13.8%) with little sex difference observed. Males aged 10–14 years had higher rates of motorcycle, pedal cycle and fire/flame‐related injury and lower rates of horse‐related injury and drug/medicinal substance poisoning compared with females. The leading specified external cause resulting in hospitalisation was low fall (32.2%) followed by struck/collision with an object (11.1%). The injuries with the highest proportion of children being hospitalised were drownings (64.4%), pedestrian (53.4%), motorcycle (52.7%) and horse‐related injuries (50.0%). This is the first large‐scale study since the 1980s to explore external causes of unintentional childhood injury presenting to Australian paediatric EDs. It demonstrates a hybrid human–machine learning approach to create a standardised database to overcome data deficiencies. The results supplement existing knowledge of hospitalised paediatric injury to better understand the causes of childhood injury by age and sex, which require health service utilisation.
Three Es of linked injury data: Episodes, Encounters and Events
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 28-04-2021
DOI: 10.1136/INJURYPREV-2020-044098
Abstract: Treatment and recovery times following injury can be lengthy, comprising multiple interactions with the hospital system for initial acute care, subsequent rehabilitation and possible re-presentation due to complications. This article aims to promote the use of consistent terminology in injury data linkage studies, suggest important factors to consider when managing linked injury data, and encourage thorough documentation and a robust discourse around different approaches to data management to ensure reproducibility, consistency and comparability of analyses arising from linked injury data. This paper is presented in sections describing: (1) considerations for identifying injury cohorts, (2) considerations for grouping Episodes into Encounters and (3) considerations for grouping Encounters into Events. Summary tools are provided to aid researchers in the management of linked injury data. Careful consideration of decisions made when identifying injury cohorts and grouping data into units of analysis (Episodes/Encounters/Events) is essential when using linked injury data. Choices made have the potential to significantly impact the epidemiological and clinical findings derived from linked injury data studies, which ultimately affect the quality of injury prevention initiatives and injury management policy and practice. It is intended that this paper will act as a call to action for injury linkage methodologists, and those using linked data, to critique approaches, share tools and engage in a robust discourse to further advance the use of linked injury data, and ultimately enhance the value of linked injury data for clinicians and health and social policymakers.
The utility and challenges of using ICD codes in child maltreatment research: A review of existing literature
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.CHIABU.2009.08.005
Abstract: The objectives of this article are to explore the extent to which the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) has been used in child abuse research, to describe how the ICD system has been applied, and to assess factors affecting the reliability of ICD coded data in child abuse research. PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo and Google Scholar were searched for peer reviewed articles written since 1989 that used ICD as the classification system to identify cases and research child abuse using health databases. Snowballing strategies were also employed by searching the bibliographies of retrieved references to identify relevant associated articles. The papers identified through the search were independently screened by two authors for inclusion, resulting in 47 studies selected for the review. Due to heterogeneity of studies meta-analysis was not performed. This paper highlights both utility and limitations of ICD coded data. ICD codes have been widely used to conduct research into child maltreatment in health data systems. The codes appear to be used primarily to determine child maltreatment patterns within identified diagnoses or to identify child maltreatment cases for research. A significant impediment to the use of ICD codes in child maltreatment research is the under ascertainment of child maltreatment by using coded data alone. This is most clearly identified and, to some degree, quantified, in research where data linkage is used. The importance of improved child maltreatment identification will assist in identifying risk factors and creating programs that can prevent and treat child maltreatment and assist in meeting reporting obligations under the CRC.
Comparing the accuracy of ICD-based severity estimates to trauma registry-based injury severity estimates for predicting mortality outcomes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Who Succeeds at University? Factors predicting academic performance in first year Australian university students
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-2001
Sources of coding discrepancies in injury morbidity data: Implications for injury surveillance
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2010
DOI: 10.1080/17457300903308324
Abstract: The aim of this study is to examine the sources of coding discrepancy for injury morbidity data and explore the implications of these sources for injury surveillance. An on-site medical record review and recoding study was conducted for 4373 injury-related hospital admissions across Australia. Codes from the original dataset were compared with the recoded data to explore the reliability of coded data and sources of discrepancy. The most common reason for differences in coding overall was assigning the case to a different external cause category with 9.5% assigned to a different category. Differences in the specificity of codes assigned within a category accounted for 7.8% of coder difference. Differences in intent assignment accounted for 3.7% of the differences in code assignment. In the situation where 8% of cases are misclassified by major category, the setting of injury targets on the basis of extent of burden is a somewhat blunt instrument. Monitoring the effect of prevention programs aimed at reducing risk factors is not possible in datasets with this level of misclassification error in injury cause subcategories. Future research is needed to build the evidence base around the quality and utility of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) classification system and the application of use of this for injury surveillance in the hospital environment.
Pre-hospital Retrieval and Transport of Road Trauma Patients in Queensland
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Letter to the editor: Some issues to consider when assessing concordance of death certificates with registry reports
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2004
Value of emergency department triage data to describe and understand patterns and mechanisms of cycling injuries
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-07-2019
Abstract: To characterise patients presenting to EDs for a bicycle-related injury, identify contributing factors to the injuries and describe the data gaps. A retrospective study of bicycle-related injury presentations over the 5 year period 2010-2014 to two major metropolitan EDs. Data collected from the emergency presentation database consisted of patient demographics, presenting complaint, discharge diagnosis and details about the circumstances and mechanism of the accident. Bicycle injuries (n = 4144) increased from 20.0 to 25.2 per 1000 injury presentations over 5 years. Patients were 80% male across all age groups and 35% of presentations occurred at the weekend. Fractures accounted for one-third (34%) of all injuries, while injuries to the upper extremities and head resulted in 36% and 19% of cases, respectively. Admission rate was 17%. The number of falls exceeded collisions (1611 vs 937), and in the 13.3% of the fall cases where documentation was present for which how the fall occurred, over half were attributed to bike handling errors. Information related to type of bicycle, accident location, type of activity, protective clothing worn (including helmets) and visibility aids was not recorded for over 95% of the cases. Bicycle injuries carry a considerable burden to the ED and the incidence of presentations appears to be rising. The current triage data, designed to provide a rapid assessment for medical urgency, are limited to describing broad demographics, trends and causes.
A Comparative Process Mining Analysis of Road Trauma Patient Pathways
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-05-2020
Abstract: In this paper we report on key findings and lessons from a process mining case study conducted to analyse transport pathways discovered across the time-critical phase of pre-hospital care for persons involved in road traffic crashes in Queensland (Australia). In this study, a case is defined as being an in idual patient’s journey from roadside to definitive care. We describe challenges in constructing an event log from source data provided by emergency services and hospitals, including record linkage (no standard patient identifier), and constructing a unified view of response, retrieval, transport and pre-hospital care from interleaving processes of the in idual service providers. We analyse three separate cohorts of patients according to their degree of interaction with Queensland Health’s hospital system (C1: no transport required, C2: transported but no Queensland Health hospital, C3: transported and hospitalisation). Variant analysis and subsequent process modelling show high levels of variance in each cohort resulting from a combination of data collection, data linkage and actual differences in process execution. For Cohort 3, automated process modelling generated ’spaghetti’ models. Expert-guided editing resulted in readable models with acceptable fitness, which were used for process analysis. We also conduct a comparative performance analysis of transport segment based on hospital ‘remoteness’. With regard to the field of process mining, we reach various conclusions including (i) in a complex domain, the current crop of automated process algorithms do not generate readable models, however, (ii) such models provide a starting point for expert-guided editing of models (where the tool allows) which can yield models that have acceptable quality and are readable by domain experts, (iii) process improvement opportunities were largely suggested by domain experts (after reviewing analysis results) rather than being directly derived by process mining tools, meaning that the field needs to become more prescriptive (automated derivation of improvement opportunities).
Characteristics of accidental injuries from power tools treated at two emergency departments in Queensland
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-11-2018
Abstract: Injuries are a major burden on the Australian healthcare system. Power tool usage is a common cause of accidental injury. A better understanding of the trends of power tool injuries will inform prevention strategies and potentially mitigate costs. The ED databases from two level 1 hospitals were reviewed for presentations between 2005 and 2015 resulting from accidental injury with power tools. A subgroup of patients presenting to one hospital between 2016 and 2017 were interviewed about the activities and circumstances that led to their injuries, and followed up 3 months later to assess outcomes. A total of 4057 cases of accidental injury from power tool use were identified. Power saws and grinders contributed to 54% of injuries. Most injuries were located on an upper limb (48%) or the head and neck (30%). Over half (54%) of all head injuries were associated with metal and wood fragments to the eye from grinders, drills and saws. Hospital admission rates were highest for patients aged >60 years. Injuries to females were 3 months were common. Accidental injuries from power tool use have a considerable impact on ED resources and can affect the long-term quality of life of those injured. Effective education about safe usage and protection may prevent many injuries.
Infant product-related injuries: Comparing specialised injury surveillance and routine emergency department data
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
Abstract: To explore the potential for using a basic text search of routine emergency department data to identify product-related injury in infants and to compare the patterns from routine ED data and specialised injury surveillance data. Data was sourced from the Emergency Department Information System (EDIS) and the Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit (QISU) for all injured infants between 2009 and 2011. A basic text search was developed to identify the top five infant products in QISU. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value were calculated and a refined search was used with EDIS. Results were manually reviewed to assess validity. Descriptive analysis was conducted to examine patterns between datasets. The basic text search for all products showed high sensitivity and specificity, and most searches showed high positive predictive value. EDIS patterns were similar to QISU patterns with strikingly similar month-of-age injury peaks, admission proportions and types of injuries. This study demonstrated a capacity to identify a s le of valid cases of product-related injuries for specified products using simple text searching of routine ED data. As the capacity for large datasets grows and the capability to reliably mine text improves, opportunities for expanded sources of injury surveillance data increase. This will ultimately assist stakeholders such as consumer product safety regulators and child safety advocates to appropriately target prevention initiatives.
Coding External Causes of Injuries: Problems and Solutions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2007.09.008
Abstract: Complete and accurate information about hospitalised injuries is essential for injury risk and outcome research, though the accuracy and reliability of hospital data for injury surveillance are often questioned. To ascertain clinical coders' views of the reasons for a lack of specificity in external cause code usage and ways to improve external cause coding, a nationwide survey of coders was conducted in Australia in 2006. Four hundred and two coders participated in the questionnaire. The results of this study show that discharge summaries and doctors' notes were the poorest source of information regarding external causes, place of injury occurrence, and activity at the time of injury. Coders viewed missing external cause information and missing documentation as having the greatest impact on the quality of external cause coding. A large majority of coders suggested that improving clinical documentation in the emergency department and introducing a centralised structured form for external cause information would improve the quality of external cause coding. Clinical coders are a valuable source of information regarding problems with, and solutions to the collection of high quality data and this research has highlighted several areas where improvements can be made and further research is needed.
Artificial intelligence or manufactured stupidity? The need for injury informaticians in the big data era
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 21-07-2020
DOI: 10.1136/INJURYPREV-2019-043393
Abstract: The volume, velocity and variety of data collected about in iduals have increased exponentially over the last decade, presenting new injury surveillance opportunities to identify risk factors, monitor trends, and evaluate the efficacy of interventions. But does the hype around big data and artificial intelligence (AI) apply to the injury prevention space, and how veracious is surveillance in this era? This commentary discusses the digital transformation of health as applied to injury prevention, but cautions on the challenges of maintaining data quality in integrated systems and discusses the need for an injury informatics strategy moving forward.
Why do Queenslanders seek care in emergency departments? A population study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-09-2015
Abstract: The present study aims to identify the main reasons for which first time and multiple users seek medical care through Queensland EDs. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at eight public EDs among presenting patients (n = 911). The questions measured the sociodemographic characteristics of patients, their beliefs and attitudes towards ED services, and perceptions of health status. Bivariate and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the differences between first time and multiple users of EDs. First time and multiple users accounted for 55.5% and 44.5%, respectively. Multiple users themselves were believed to be sicker, have poorer health status, and additional and/or chronic health conditions. Multiple users more strongly believed that their condition required treatment at an ED and perceived their condition as being very serious. Multiple users reported weekly household incomes below $600, and half of the multiple users were not working as compared with 35% first time users. Multivariate analysis showed that multiple use was significantly associated with the existence of additional health problems, having chronic condition, lower self-efficacy and need for ED treatment. Patients who sought care for multiple times at EDs more often than first time users suffered from additional and chronic conditions. Their opinion of an ED as the most suitable place to address their current health problem was stronger than first time users. Any proposed demand management strategies need to address these beliefs together with the reasoning of patients to provide effective and appropriate care outside or within ED services.
Age-related trends in injury and injury severity presenting to emergency departments in New South Wales Australia: Implications for major injury surveillance and trauma systems
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1016/J.INJURY.2016.08.005
Abstract: To describe population based trends and clinical characteristics of injury related presentations to Emergency Departments (EDs). A retrospective, descriptive analysis of de-identified linked ED data across New South Wales, Australia over five calendar years, from 2010 to 2014. Patients were included in this analysis if they presented to an Emergency Department and had an injury related diagnosis. Injury severity was categorised into critical (triage category 1-2 and admitted to ICU or operating theatre, or died in ED), serious (admitted as an in-patient, excluding above critical injuries) and minor injuries (discharged from ED). The outcomes of interest were rates of injury related presentations to EDs by age groups and injury severity. A total of 2.09 million injury related ED presentations were analysed. Minor injuries comprised 85.0%, and 14.1% and 1.0% were serious and critical injuries respectively. There was a 15.8% per annum increase in the rate of critical injuries per 1000 population in those 80 years and over, with the most common diagnosis being head injuries. Around 40% of those with critical injuries presented directly to a major trauma centre. Critical injuries in the elderly have risen dramatically in recent years. A minority of critical injuries present directly to major trauma centres. Trauma service provision models need revision to ensure appropriate patient care. Injury surveillance is needed to understand the external causes of injury presenting to hospital.
Quantity of documentation of maltreatment risk factors in injury-related paediatric hospitalisations
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-07-2012
Understanding compensable and non-compensable patient profiles, pathways and physical outcomes for transport and work-related injuries in Queensland, Australia through data linkage
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2022-065608
Abstract: In many jurisdictions, people experiencing an injury often pursue compensation to support their treatment and recovery expenses. Healthcare costs form a significant portion of payments made by compensation schemes. Compensation scheme regulators need accurate and comprehensive data on injury severity, treatment pathways and outcomes to enable scheme modelling, monitoring and forecasting. Regulators routinely rely on data provided by insurers which have limited healthcare information. Health data provide richer information and linking health data with compensation data enables the comparison of profiles, patterns, trends and outcomes of injured patients who claim and injured parties who are eligible but do not claim. This is a retrospective population-level epidemiological data linkage study of people who have sought ambulatory, emergency or hospital treatment and/or made a compensation claim in Queensland after suffering a transport or work-related injury, over the period 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2021. It will use person-linked data from nine statewide data sources: (1) Queensland Ambulance Service, (2) Emergency Department, (3) Queensland Hospital Admitted Patients, (4) Retrieval Services, (5) Hospital Costs, (6) Workers’ Compensation, (7) Compulsory Third Party Compensation, (8) National Injury Insurance Scheme and (9) Queensland Deaths Registry. Descriptive, parametric and non-parametric statistical methods and geospatial analysis techniques will be used to answer the core research questions regarding the patient’s health service use profile, costs, treatment pathways and outcomes within 2 years postincident as well as to examine the concordance and accuracy of information across health and compensation databases. Ethics approval was obtained from the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee, and governance approval was obtained via the Public Health Act 2005, Queensland. The findings of this study will be used to inform key stakeholders across the clinical, research and compensation regulation area, and results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations and reports/seminars with key stakeholders.
The Extent of Consumer Product Involvement in Paediatric Injuries
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-07-2016
The need for an Australasian burns critical care standardised data collection tool
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
DOI: 10.51893/2021.4.POV
Social Media and People With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Metasynthesis of Research Informing a Framework for Rehabilitation Clinical Practice, Policy, and Training
Publisher: American Speech Language Hearing Association
Date: 27-01-2021
DOI: 10.1044/2020_AJSLP-20-00211
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the experiences of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and rehabilitation professionals in use of social media after TBI. Metasynthesis of a multilevel mixed-methods research design was used in the study. A qualitative metasynthesis of (a) evidence in the literature regarding the use of communication technologies and social media after TBI, (b) Twitter data and network analysis, (c) interviews with people with TBI ( n = 13), (d) focus groups with TBI rehabilitation professionals ( n = 11), and (e) a review of current guidance on safe use of social media was conducted. People with TBI adopt a trial-and-error approach to using social media. Their meaningful use and a sense of connection enable them to develop social media mastery. TBI rehabilitation professionals' concerns regarding potential risks associated with using social media might lead them to restrict social media use during rehabilitation. Access to proactive training in social media use and a supportive network of rehabilitation professionals, family, and friends can enable people with TBI to develop social media mastery through working collaboratively on social media goals. This metasynthesis of research culminates in an evidence-based protocol for assessing and supporting a person with TBI's social media goals to guide clinical practice and future research in the field.
Falls from ladders in Australia: comparing occupational and non-occupational injuries across age groups
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Identifying the priority challenges in trauma care delivery for Australian and New Zealand trauma clinicians
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Estimating under-reporting of road crash injuries to police using multiple linked data collections
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.AAP.2015.06.011
Abstract: The reliance on police data for the counting of road crash injuries can be problematic, as it is well known that not all road crash injuries are reported to police which under-estimates the overall burden of road crash injuries. The aim of this study was to use multiple linked data sources to estimate the extent of under-reporting of road crash injuries to police in the Australian state of Queensland. Data from the Queensland Road Crash Database (QRCD), the Queensland Hospital Admitted Patients Data Collection (QHAPDC), Emergency Department Information System (EDIS), and the Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit (QISU) for the year 2009 were linked. The completeness of road crash cases reported to police was examined via discordance rates between the police data (QRCD) and the hospital data collections. In addition, the potential bias of this discordance (under-reporting) was assessed based on gender, age, road user group, and regional location. Results showed that the level of under-reporting varied depending on the data set with which the police data was compared. When all hospital data collections are examined together the estimated population of road crash injuries was approximately 28,000, with around two-thirds not linking to any record in the police data. The results also showed that the under-reporting was more likely for motorcyclists, cyclists, males, young people, and injuries occurring in Remote and Inner Regional areas. These results have important implications for road safety research and policy in terms of: prioritising funding and resources targeting road safety interventions into areas of higher risk and estimating the burden of road crash injuries.
DINED (Delivery‐related INjuries in the Emergency Department) part 2: A chart review of risk factors and injuries affecting food delivery riders
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-04-2022
Abstract: This study aimed to examine patterns of injury, the impact of these injuries on patients and identification of potentially modifiable contributing factors through industry regulation reforms and education. Food delivery rider (FDR)‐related presentations to the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Emergency and Trauma Centre for a year from September 2020 were identified. Data collected included patient and incident demographics: time, type and location of injuries, investigations and care required, length of stay, admission requirements and follow up. The cohort included 81.8% male with a mean age of 25.2 years. Most injuries occurred on the road from a collision with a vehicle. The most common injury was fractures. Incidence increased on weekends and during the evening. More than half the cohort were admitted to hospital. Only 22.7% of patients were eligible for workers compensation and less than half were covered by Medicare. The majority (72.7%) of cases involved non‐resident riders from other countries. The majority of FDRs presenting with injuries are not Australian citizens and less than half were Medicare eligible potentially contributing to inadequate access to care especially fracture follow up. There were spikes in injuries occurring at night, weekends and during periods of pandemic associated lockdowns demonstrating an increased usage of delivery services during these times. Results highlight injury patterns experienced by delivery riders and potentially modifiable risk factors for this rapidly growing area of employment within the gig economy.
Redefining social marketing with contemporary commercial marketing definitions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Harnessing information from injury narratives in the ‘big data’ era: understanding and applying machine learning for injury surveillance
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 04-01-2016
Social media and social marketing in relation to facilitated communication: Harnessing the affordances of social media for knowledge translation
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-10-2014
Evaluating the Specificity of Community Injury Hospitalization Data over Time
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-02-2016
Priorities for trauma quality improvement and registry use in Australia and New Zealand
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1016/J.INJURY.2019.09.033
Abstract: The Australia New Zealand Trauma Registry enables the collection and analysis of standardised data about trauma patients and their care for quality improvement, injury prevention and benchmarking. Little is known, however, about the needs of providers and clinicians in relation to these data, or their views on trauma quality improvement priorities. As clinical experts, trauma clinicians should have input to these as ultimately their practice may be influenced by report findings. This paper presents the perspectives of multidisciplinary trauma care professionals in Australia and New Zealand about the use of the Australia New Zealand Trauma Registry data and trauma quality improvement priorities. An exploratory survey of trauma professionals from relevant Australia and New Zealand professional organisations was conducted using the Snowballing Method between September 2018 and February 2019. Participants were recruited via a non-random s ling technique to complete an online survey. Descriptive statistical and content analyses were conducted. The data use priorities identified by 102 trauma professionals from a range of locations participated were clinical improvement and system rocess improvement (86.3%). Participants reported that access to trauma data should primarily be for clinicians (93.1%) and researchers (87.3%). Having a standardised approach to review trauma cases across hospitals was a priority in trauma quality improvement. Trauma registry data are under-utilised and their use to drive clinical improvement and system rocess improvement is fundamental to trauma quality improvement in Australia and New Zealand.
Community Opioid Dispensing After Injury (CODI): Protocol for a Population-Based Data Linkage Study
Publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
Date: 12-04-2022
DOI: 10.2196/36357
Abstract: There is an urgent need to reduce preventable deaths and hospitalizations from prescription opioid harms and minimize the negative effect opioid misuse can have on injured in iduals, families, and the wider community. Data linkage between administrative hospitalization records for injured patients and community opioid dispensing can improve our understanding of the health and surgical trajectories of injured persons and generate insights into corresponding opioid dispensing patterns. The Community Opioid Dispensing after Injury (CODI) study aims to link inpatient hospitalization data with opioid dispensing data to examine the distribution and predictive factors associated with high or prolonged community opioid dispensing among adults, for 2 years following an injury-related hospital admission. This is a retrospective population-based cohort study of adults aged 18 years or older hospitalized with an injury in Queensland, Australia. The study involves the linkage of statewide hospital admissions, opioid prescription dispensing, and mortality data collections. All adults hospitalized for an injury between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2015, will be included in the cohort. Demographics and injury factors are recorded at the time of the injury admission. Opioid dispensing data will be linked and extracted for 3 months prior to the injury admission date to 2 years after the injury separation date (last date December 31, 2017). Deaths data will be extracted for the 2-year follow-up period. The primary outcome measure will be opioid dispensing (frequency and quantity) in the 2 years following the injury admission. Patterns and factors associated with community opioid dispensing will be examined for different injury types, mechanisms, and population subgroups. Appropriate descriptive statistics will be used to describe the cohort. Regression models will be used to examine factors predictive of levels and duration of opioid use. Nonparametric methods will be applied when the data are not normally distributed. The project is funded by the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Foundation. As of November 2021, all ethics and data custodian approvals have been granted. Data extraction and linkage has been completed. Data management and analysis is underway with results relating to an analysis for blunt chest trauma patients expected to be published in 2022. Little is currently known of the true prevalence or patterns of opioid dispensing following injury across Queensland. This study will provide new insights about factors associated with high and long-term opioid dispensing at a population level. This information is essential to inform targeted public policy and interventions to reduce the risk of prolonged opioid use and dependence for those injured. The novel work undertaken for this project will be vital to planning, delivering, monitoring, and evaluating health care services for those injured. The findings of this study will be used to inform key stakeholders as well as clinicians and pain management services. RR1-10.2196/36357
Identifying foci for safety messages targeting child injury from driving quad bikes: A critical beliefs analysis of parental beliefs in Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2023
Prevalence of Alcohol Consumption in Emergency department presentations (PACE) in Queensland, Australia, using alcohol biomarkers ethanol and phosphatidylethanol: An observational study protocol
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-2021
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2020-047887
Abstract: Alcohol use in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) is a significant problem in many countries. There is a need for valid and reliable surveillance of the prevalence of alcohol use in patients presenting to the ED, to provide a more complete picture of the risk factors and inform targeted public health interventions. This PACE study will use two biomarkers, blood ethanol and phosphatidylethanol (PEth), to determine the patterns, presence and level of alcohol use in patients presenting to an Australian ED. This is an observational prevalence study involving the secondary use of routinely collected blood s les from patients presenting to the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital (RBWH) Emergency and Trauma Centre (ETC). S les will be tested for acute and medium-term alcohol intake using the two biomarkers blood ethanol and PEth respectively, over one collection period of 10–12 days. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, means, SD, medians and IQRs, will be used to describe the prevalence, pattern and distribution of acute and medium-term alcohol intake in the study s le. The correlation between acute and medium-term alcohol intake levels will also be examined. This study has been approved by the RBWH Human Research Ethics Committee (reference, LNR/2019/QRBW/56859). Findings will be disseminated to key stakeholders such as RBWH ETC, Australasian College for Emergency Medicine, Royal Australasian College of Surgeons, Statewide Clinical Networks, and used to inform clinicians and hospital services. Findings will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and presentation at appropriate conferences.
Intelligent human-machine approaches for assigning groups of injury codes to accident narratives
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Designing a Visual Tool for Teaching and Learning Front-End Innovation
Publisher: Carleton University
Date: 09-2020
The Proportion of Injury Deaths with Unspecified External Cause Codes: A Comparison of Australia, Sweden, Taiwan and the US
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 08-2007
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