ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7266-2503
Current Organisation
University of Wollongong
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Innovation and Technology Management | Pyrometallurgy | Materials Engineering | Metals and Alloy Materials |
Basic Iron and Steel Products | Coated Metal and Metal-Coated Products
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 05-2003
DOI: 10.1243/095440803766612801
Abstract: Drugs are critical elements in health care. They must be manufactured to the highest quality levels. End-product testing by itself does not guarantee the quality of the product. Quality assurance techniques must be used. In the pharmaceutical industry, process validation performs this task, ensuring that the process does what it purports to do. It is also a regulatory requirement. This paper presents an introduction and general overview of this process, with special reference to the requirements stipulated by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Publisher: Civil-Comp Press
Date: 1997
DOI: 10.4203/CCP.49.12.2
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 16-04-2014
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 03-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.GHEART.2015.12.015
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Approximately three-quarters of people with diabetes live in low- and middle-income countries, and these countries are projected to experience the greatest increase in diabetes burden. We sought to compare the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of diabetes in 3 urban and periurban regions: the Southern Cone of Latin America and Peru, South Asia, and South Africa. In addition, we examined the relationship between diabetes and pre-diabetes with known cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. A total of 26,680 participants (mean age, 47.7 ± 14.0 years 45.9% male) were enrolled in 4 sites (Southern Cone of Latin America = 7,524 Peru = 3,601 South Asia = 11,907 South Africa = 1,099). Detailed demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected. Diabetes and pre-diabetes were defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dl and 100 to 125 mg/dl, respectively. Diabetes control was defined as fasting plasma glucose <130 mg/dl. The prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes was 14.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.2% to 14.8%) and 17.8% (95% CI: 17.0% to 18.7%) in the Southern Cone of Latin America, 9.8% (95% CI: 8.8% to 10.9%) and 17.1% (95% CI: 15.9% to 18.5%) in Peru, 19.0% (95% CI: 18.4% to 19.8%) and 24.0% (95% CI: 23.2% to 24.7%) in South Asia, and 13.8% (95% CI: 11.9% to 16.0%) and 9.9% (95% CI: 8.3% to 11.8%) in South Africa. The age- and sex-specific prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes for all countries increased with age (p < 0.001). In the Southern Cone of Latin America, Peru, and South Africa the prevalence of pre-diabetes rose sharply at 35 to 44 years. In South Asia, the sharpest rise in pre-diabetes prevalence occurred younger at 25 to 34 years. The prevalence of diabetes rose sharply at 45 to 54 years in the Southern Cone of Latin America, Peru, and South Africa, and at 35 to 44 years in South Asia. Diabetes and pre-diabetes prevalence increased with body mass index. South Asians had the highest prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes for any body mass index and normal-weight South Asians had a higher prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes than overweight and obese in iduals from other regions. Across all regions, only 79.8% of persons with diabetes were aware of their diagnosis, of these only 78.2% were receiving treatment, and only 36.6% were able to attain glycemic control. The prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes is alarmingly high among urban and periurban populations in Latin America, South Asia, and South Africa. Even more alarming is the propensity for South Asians to develop diabetes and pre-diabetes at a younger age and lower body mass index compared with in iduals from other low and middle income countries. It is concerning that one-fifth of all people with diabetes were unaware of their diagnosis and that only two-thirds of those under treatment were able to attain glycemic control. Health systems and policy makers must make concerted efforts to improve diabetes prevention, detection, and control to prevent long-term consequences.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-09-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: Civil-Comp Press
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.4203/CCP.92.27
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-09-2023
Publisher: Civil-Comp Press
Date: 1995
DOI: 10.4203/CCP.31.9.1
Publisher: Thomas Telford Ltd.
Date: 10-2010
DOI: 10.1680/MACR.2010.62.10.741
Abstract: Significant research efforts have been devoted in recent years to the development of displacement-based seismic assessment and design methodology, recognising the shortcomings of traditional, code-specified force-based procedures. Recent advances in direct displacement-based seismic design of columns rely on the estimates of yield curvature for determining seismic design forces to satisfy the specified seismic performance levels. This paper presents simple expressions for estimating the effective yield curvature for normal- and high-strength circular reinforced concrete columns based on moment–curvature analyses of a large number of column sections. Such expressions can be programmed into spreadsheet format and can be used for the direct displacement-based design of circular reinforced concrete columns. Influences of different parameters on the effective yield curvature have been quantified. Effective yield curvature is presented in terms of the gross diameter of the section and the yield strain of longitudinal reinforcement together with three modification factors that take into account the effects of the strength of concrete, axial load ratio and the amount of longitudinal reinforcement. An ex le illustrating the preliminary design of bridge columns based on the developed expressions is presented.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2011
Publisher: Research in Enineering Education Network (REEN)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.52202/066488-0055
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers
Date: 04-08-2000
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-07-2022
DOI: 10.1002/BIT.28184
Abstract: Regular monitoring and timely repair of concrete cracks are required to minimize further deterioration. Self‐healing of cracks has been proposed as an alternative to the crack maintenance procedures. One of the proposed techniques is to use axenic cultures to exploit microbial‐induced calcite precipitation (MICP). However, such healing agents are not cost‐effective for in situ use. As the market for bio‐based self‐healing concrete necessitates a low‐cost bio‐agent, nonaxenic sulfate reducing bacterial (SRB) granules were investigated in this study through cultivation in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. The compact granules can protect the bacteria from adverse conditions without encapsulation. This study investigated the microbial activities of SRB granules at different temperatures, pH, and chemical oxygen demand concentrations which the microbes would experience during the concrete casting and curing process. The attenuation and recovery of microbial activities were measured before and after the exposure. Moreover, the MICP yield was also tested for a possible use in self‐healing bioconcrete. The results consistently showed that SRB granules were able to survive starvation, high temperature (50–60°C), and high pH (12), together with scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectrometry/X‐ray diffraction analysis evidence. Microbial staining analysis demonstrated the formation of spores in the granules during their exposure to harsh conditions. SRB granule was thus demonstrated to be a viable self‐healing nonaxenic agent for low‐cost bioconcrete.
Publisher: Civil-Comp Press
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.4203/CCP.87.9
Publisher: Civil-Comp Press
Date: 1989
DOI: 10.4203/CCP.11.7.8
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 03-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.GHEART.2015.12.003
Abstract: Cost-effective primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in low- and middle-income countries requires accurate risk assessment. Laboratory-based risk tools currently used in high-income countries are relatively expensive and impractical in many settings due to lack of facilities. This study sought to assess the correlation between a non-laboratory-based risk tool and 4 commonly used, laboratory-based risk scores in 7 countries representing nearly one-half of the world's population. We calculated 10-year CVD risk scores for 47,466 persons with cross-sectional data collected from 16 different cohorts in 9 countries. The performance of the non-laboratory-based risk score was compared with 4 laboratory-based risk scores: Pooled Cohort Risk Equations (ASCVD [Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease]), Framingham, and SCORE (Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation) for high- and low-risk countries. Rankings of each score were compared using Spearman rank correlations. Based on these correlations, we measured concordance between in idual absolute CVD risk as measured by the Harvard NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) risk score, and the 4 laboratory-based risk scores, using both the conventional Framingham risk thresholds of >20% and the recent ASCVD guideline threshold of >7.5%. The aggregate Spearman rank correlations between the non-laboratory-based risk score and the laboratory-based scores ranged from 0.915 to 0.979 for women and from 0.923 to 0.970 for men. When applying the conventional Framingham risk threshold of >20% over 10 years, 92.7% to 96.0% of women and 88.3% to 92.8% of men were equivalently characterized as "high" or "low" risk. Applying the recent ASCVD guidelines risk threshold of >7.5% resulted in risk characterization agreement for women ranging from 88.1% to 94.4% and from 89.0% to 93.7% for men. The correlation between non-laboratory-based and laboratory-based risk scores is very high for both men and women. Potentially large numbers of high-risk in iduals could be detected with relatively simple tools.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-12-2023
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-02-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-09-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Date: 31-08-2023
DOI: 10.2337/DC23-0696
Abstract: To examine whether the effect of conventional lifestyle interventions on type 2 diabetes incidence differs by glucose-defined prediabetes phenotype. We searched multiple databases until 1 April 2023 for randomized controlled trials that recruited people with isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT), and impaired fasting glucose plus impaired glucose tolerance (IFG+IGT). In idual-participant data were pooled from relevant trials and analyzed through random-effects models with use of the within-trial interactions approach. Four trials with 2,794 participants (mean age 53.0 years, 60.7% men) were included: 1,240 (44.4%), 796 (28.5%), and 758 (27.1%) had i-IFG, i-IGT, and IFG+IGT, respectively. After a median of 2.5 years, the pooled hazard ratio for diabetes incidence in i-IFG was 0.97 (95% CI 0.66, 1.44), i-IGT 0.65 (0.44, 0.96), and IFG+IGT 0.51 (0.38, 0.68 Pinteraction = 0.01). Conventional lifestyle interventions reduced diabetes incidence in people with IGT (with or without IFG) but not in those with i-IFG.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 30-07-2013
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2015
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.015373
Abstract: In rural areas in China and India, the cardiovascular disease burden is high but economic and healthcare resources are limited. This study (the Simplified Cardiovascular Management Study [SimCard]) aims to develop and evaluate a simplified cardiovascular management program delivered by community health workers with the aid of a smartphone-based electronic decision support system. The SimCard study was a yearlong cluster-randomized, controlled trial conducted in 47 villages (27 in China and 20 in India). Recruited for the study were 2086 in iduals with high cardiovascular risk (aged ≥40 years with self-reported history of coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and/or measured systolic blood pressure ≥160 mm Hg). Participants in the intervention villages were managed by community health workers through an Android-powered app on a monthly basis focusing on 2 medication use and 2 lifestyle modifications. In comparison with the control group, the intervention group had a 25.5% ( P .001) higher net increase in the primary outcome of the proportion of patient-reported antihypertensive medication use pre- and post-intervention. There were also significant differences in certain secondary outcomes: aspirin use (net difference: 17.1% P .001) and systolic blood pressure (–2.7 mm Hg P =0.04). However, no significant changes were observed in the lifestyle factors. The intervention was culturally tailored, and country-specific results revealed important differences between the regions. The results indicate that the simplified cardiovascular management program improved quality of primary care and clinical outcomes in resource-poor settings in China and India. Larger trials in more places are needed to ascertain the potential impacts on mortality and morbidity outcomes. URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01503814.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2022
Abstract: Millions of tons of waste glass are produced globally. The use of waste glass in concrete is an environmentally friendly solution, contributing to sustainable construction practices. This study investigates the potential of using recycled waste glass powder ( RWGP ) in foamed concrete nonload bearing wall panels as acoustic barriers. This study investigates the axial and flexural behavior of wall panels constructed with foamed concrete incorporating RWGP . A total of ten 900 mm long and 700 mm wide wall panels of foamed concrete with RWGP reinforced with 7.6 mm diameter steel mesh were cast and tested. Five wall panels were 75 mm thick and reinforced with one layer of steel mesh and the other five wall panels were 120 mm thick and reinforced with two layers of steel mesh. The experimental results exhibited that 120 mm thick wall panels sustained significantly higher peak axial and flexural loads, bending moments, axial deformations at peak axial load and midspan deflections at peak flexural load than 75 mm thick wall panels. The available design codes of masonry structures underestimated the peak axial loads and the bending moments of wall panels by about 9% and 17%, respectively.
Publisher: ASMEDC
Date: 2004
Abstract: It is said that nature attempts to solve the ‘problem of life’ through evolution. ‘Solutions’ are proposed which are then tested in the world around us. Natural selection ensures that the best characteristics are inherited by subsequent generations. This paper gives details of a new method of automated riser design and optimization using techniques based on evolutionary theory. Genetic algorithms are a subset of evolutionary computation which rely on natural selection to evolve good designs. A given design (e.g. riser system) is represented by a ‘genome’ in which the design variables are encoded in the form of ‘genes’. The optimization software interfaces with an industry standard marine simulation package for design evaluation which gives rise to a great deal of flexibility and few limitations on model complexity. The software can be used for whole system design including multiple risers or as an assistant for the optimization of specific design variables. The software is capable of evaluating systems using both static and dynamic simulations for any number of loadcase scenarios. The design of a titanium catenary gas export riser intended for Statoil’s Kristin semi-submersible platform in the North Sea is used to illustrate the method. The design created by the evolutionary software is a significant improvement on the design created using a traditional approach. The results demonstrate improvements in dynamic response together with a reduction in the riser bill of materials cost of approximately one-third, whilst the time spent on design was reduced by nearly an order of magnitude.
Publisher: Avestia Publishing
Date: 04-2018
DOI: 10.11159/ICSENM18.1
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1994
Publisher: CRC Press
Date: 26-11-2013
DOI: 10.1201/B15320-180
Publisher: Civil-Comp Press
Date: 1994
DOI: 10.4203/CCP.27.1.9
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/KEM.426-427.403
Abstract: The bond and anti-abrasion performance of repair materials are the key factors for successful repair of hydraulic concrete. Acrylic acid emulsion (AAE) mortar, silica fume (SF) mortar, high strength (HS) mortar, polypropylene (PP) fiber mortar and basalt fiber (BF) mortar were prepared and their direct tensile bond strength, splitting tensile bond strength, abrasion resistance and SEM analysis of bond interface are studied in this paper. The results show that the highest direct tensile bond strength was recorded for fiber mortar. But compared to homogenous specimen’s tensile strength, AAE mortar showed the highest direct tensile bond strength. The anti-abrasion properties of repair mortars were tested with decreasing performance recorded in the following order: PP fiber mortar, SF mortar, BF mortar, HS mortar and AAE mortar. Compared with the HS mortar without fiber, the wear rate of PP fiber mortar was decreased by 29.2 % and the anti-abrasion strength was increased by 37.7%. This shows that adding fiber can greatly improve the anti-abrasion property. SEM analysis showed that addition of PP fiber and BF into repair mortar did not change the type of hydrates. The interface of AAE mortar was level and dense. The bond interface of SF mortar was uniform without big porosity. Addition of super plasticizer, the bond interface of HS mortar presented a large quantity of fibrous the CSH gel and less porosity which could improve the mortar bond effect effectively.
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/KEM.426-427.93
Abstract: This paper presents initial work with the application of basalt fiber (BF) in the field of reinforced cement composites. Effect of BF on mortar drying shrinkage, mechanical prosperities and bond performance were studied. The results showed that adding of BF reduced markedly dry shrinkage of mortar especially at early ages. BF mortar had a greater compressive and flexural strength at early hydration period,but had a little less strength at the age of 28-days than mortar without fiber. Four point bending tests shows that addition of BF increased effectively toughness of mortar specimen at 28-days at the same loading, but had not a remarkable effect on fracture strength. A good bond was observed between BF and mortar matrix interface zone by SEM in early ages and there was debonding phenomenon between BF and mortar matrix in the long-term ages.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1996
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 07-2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/KEM.569-570.1257
Abstract: The offshore hydrocarbon industry operates in more hostile environments as more of marginal fields become economically viable. This means that more floating production systems and economical mooring systems will be needed. With this increase in the use of marginal fields goes the need to re-use vessels and moorings. Floating production systems, such as FPSOs, need to survive extreme events and extreme damage conditions. When one mooring line is damaged, the remaining ones must be sufficient to avoid a complete failure and still protect critical components such as the riser. This paper looks into applying an evolutionary optimisation technique, namely multiple objective particle swarm optimisation, to the damaged mooring design and analysis. The evaluation of offshore objective functions is computationally expensive since it requires use of complex simulations. When the number of objective function evaluations is large, as is the case with evolutionary methods, even a fast computer takes undesirably long to complete the job. Hence, a robust optimisation algorithm with great efficiency is required to minimise the number of total runs.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: College Publishing
Date: 06-2016
Abstract: This research concerns the delivery of sustainable building projects. These projects are defined as those which either attempt to achieve green ratings or are claimed to address certain sustainability issues. A key focus is to examine how the client's vision for sustainability is achieved or compromised by the practicality of construction. Two sustainability rating systems, the Australian Green Star and the Living Building Challenge from the U.S. are discussed. This research examines two projects one university multipurpose building (SMART Infrastructure Facility) and an advanced research facility, the Sustainable Buildings Research Centre (SBRC). The methodology used is semi-structured interviews of key participants and stakeholders for the two university building. The outcome of this research indicates that environmental rating systems are useful tools to construct reasonably sustainable buildings. Many interviewees, however, believe that for their next projects the concern would be to continue to construct sustainable buildings but not necessarily by following the strict criteria and reporting requirements of the environmental rating system.
Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-07-2019
Abstract: Hanging is a common method of suicide in several countries. Even as global suicide rates decrease, there is no evidence of suicides by hanging declining. There is limited research by type of hanging, and only a few papers present suicide by hanging from ceiling fans. Our paper proposes a research agenda that will: specify the size of the problem of hanging by ceiling fan (Stage 1: Surveillance), use standard engineering product development processes to modify ceiling fans for reducing their lethal capacity (Stage 2: Design Testing and Redevelopment), and examine the resulting beta- and release-build fans for safety and potential to reduce suicide in community s les (Stage 3: Evaluation).
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1111/JLME.12183
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-2003
DOI: 10.1243/095440803322611651
Abstract: This paper briefly describes the current approach to validation in good manufacturing practice (GMP) and postulates that the main difficulty with the process is determining how much validation is enough. It asserts that the current methodology is focused on documentation rather than verification, and furthermore that the inherent problems of document management are inhibiting resolution of the main difficulty. The paper argues that a data-driven approach instead of a document-driven approach to information management has the capability of removing the document management problems and thus enabling an improvement in verification. It further argues that such an approach is timely because of the increased use of computer applications and databases in design, construction, commissioning and operations, and available standards and implementations. It is also timely because of the recent interest of the US regulatory authority (FDA) in the regulation of electronic records [1]. Furthermore, a migration path exists where documents can be produced as necessary but no longer are the master information source. Opportunities for further research are identified.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 13-02-2017
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 04-09-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Publisher: Saxe-Coburg Publications
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.4203/CSETS.8.3
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-08-2004
DOI: 10.1007/S00125-004-1485-5
Abstract: Diabetes is a rapidly rising independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and serious illness. This risk can be reduced by lifestyle changes and/or various drugs. Novel therapies to prevent diabetes, as well as new risk factors for diabetes, atherosclerosis and obesity require testing and identification. People with impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance were randomised to ramipril (15 mg/day) or placebo and rosiglitazone (8 mg/day) or placebo with a 2x2 factorial design. They are assessed semi-annually for the primary outcome (diabetes or death). Diabetes is diagnosed if two consecutive plasma glucose levels exceed diagnostic thresholds (i.e. fasting >/=7.0 mmol/l or 2-h >/=11.1 mmol/l) within a 3-month period. Assuming an annual primary outcome incidence of 5%, there is more than 90% power to detect a 22% reduction. Approximately 20% of participants are having annual carotid ultrasounds to assess the effects on atherosclerosis. Patients screened but not randomised are being followed prospectively to identify determinants of obesity, diabetes and related disorders. A total of 24,872 in iduals in 21 countries were screened over 2 years and are eligible for follow-up. Of these, 5269 were randomised: 1835 (35%) had isolated impaired glucose tolerance, 739 (14%) had isolated impaired fasting glucose, and 2692 (51%) had both disorders. Annual carotid ultrasounds are currently being performed in 1406 randomised in iduals. The DREAM trial and related studies will determine if ramipril or rosiglitazone reduces the number of cases of diabetes and atherosclerosis, and will identify novel risk factors for diabetes.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Start Date: 10-2014
End Date: 06-2020
Amount: $5,000,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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