ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3518-4060
Current Organisations
North-West University
,
National Institute of Biology
,
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens - Faculty of Medicine
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Publications
Telbivudine Improves Renal Function in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1053/J.GASTRO.2013.09.031
Abstract: There is a close relationship between chronic hepatitis B virus infection and chronic renal disease. We analyzed changes in renal function using different markers of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in multiple studies of telbivudine treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. We used serum creatinine-based equations (ie, Cockcroft-Gault, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease, and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) to estimate GFR (eGFR) in adults with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and compensated liver disease who participated in a phase III, randomized, double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of telbivudine (600 mg/d) and lamivudine (100 mg/d) for 2 years (the GLOBE study) and in long-term extension studies (4-6 years), as well as in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (2 years). eGFRs calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease, and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equations were concordant, indicating improved renal function in telbivudine-treated patients during the 2-year GLOBE study (there was an 8.5% increase in mean eGFR, based on the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation). Improved renal function was maintained for 4-6 years. Increased eGFR with telbivudine treatment was also observed in patients at increased risk for renal impairment: patients with baseline eGFRs of 60-89 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (+17.2%), older than 50 years (+11.4%), and with liver fibrosis/cirrhosis (+7.2% for patients with Ishak fibrosis score at 5-6). In decompensated patients with high renal risk, eGFR was also improved on telbivudine (+2.0%). In global trials of patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis, long-term telbivudine therapy was associated with a sustained improvement of renal function-particularly among patients with increased risk of renal impairment. The mechanisms of this renal protective effect remain to be determined.
Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Range of Normal Liver Stiffness and Factors Associated With Increased Stiffness Measurements in Apparently Healthy Individuals
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.CGH.2018.08.069
Abstract: Transient elastography (TE) is a noninvasive technique used to measure liver stiffness to estimate the severity of fibrosis. The range of liver stiffness measurements (LSMs) in healthy in iduals is unclear. We performed a systematic review to determine the range of LSMs, examined by TE, in healthy in iduals and in iduals who are susceptible to fibrosis. We collected data from 16,082 in iduals, in 26 cohorts, identified from systematic searches of Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for studies of liver stiffness measurements. Studies analyzed included apparently healthy adults (normal levels of liver enzymes, low-risk alcohol use patterns, and negative for markers of viral hepatitis). The presence of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, or steatosis, based on ultrasound examination, was known for most participants. We performed a meta-analysis of data from in idual participants. The cohort was ided into 4 groups participants with a body mass index <30 kg/m We established LSM ranges for healthy in iduals measured with both probes-these did not change significantly in sensitivity analyses of in iduals with platelets ≥150,000/mm In a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from in idual participants, we established a comprehensive set of LSM ranges, measured by TE in large cohorts of healthy in iduals and persons susceptible to hepatic fibrosis. Regression analyses identified factors associated with increased LSMs obtained by TE with the medium and extra-large probes.
Environmental temperatures shape thermal physiology as well as diversification and genome-wide substitution rates in lizards
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-09-2019
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-019-11943-X
Abstract: Climatic conditions changing over time and space shape the evolution of organisms at multiple levels, including temperate lizards in the family Lacertidae. Here we reconstruct a dated phylogenetic tree of 262 lacertid species based on a supermatrix relying on novel phylogenomic datasets and fossil calibrations. Diversification of lacertids was accompanied by an increasing disparity among occupied bioclimatic niches, especially in the last 10 Ma, during a period of progressive global cooling. Temperate species also underwent a genome-wide slowdown in molecular substitution rates compared to tropical and desert-adapted lacertids. Evaporative water loss and preferred temperature are correlated with bioclimatic parameters, indicating physiological adaptations to climate. Tropical, but also some populations of cool-adapted species experience maximum temperatures close to their preferred temperatures. We hypothesize these species-specific physiological preferences may constitute a handicap to prevail under rapid global warming, and contribute to explaining local lizard extinctions in cool and humid climates.
Predictors of response to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate plus peginterferon alfa‐2a combination therapy for chronic hepatitis B
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-09-2016
DOI: 10.1111/APT.13779
Abstract: In patients with chronic hepatitis B, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) plus pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) for 48-weeks results in higher rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss than either monotherapy. To identify baseline and on-treatment factors associated with HBsAg loss at Week 72 and provide a model for predicting HBsAg loss in patients receiving combination therapy for 48 weeks. A secondary analysis of data from an open-label study where patients were randomised to TDF (300 mg/day, oral) plus PEG-IFN (PI, 180 μg/week, subcutaneous) for 48 weeks (TDF/PI-48w) TDF plus PEG-IFN for 16 weeks, TDF for 32 weeks (TDF/PI-16w+TDF-32w) TDF for 120 weeks (TDF-120w) or PEG-IFN for 48 weeks (PI-48w). Logistic regression methods were used to identify models that best predicted HBsAg loss at Week 72. Rates of HBsAg loss at Week 72 were significantly higher in the TDF/PI-48w group (6.5%) than in the TDF/PI-16w+TDF-32w (0.5%), TDF-120w (0%) and PI-48w (2.2%) groups (P = 0.09). The only baseline factor associated with response was genotype A. HBsAg decline at Week 12 or 24 of treatment was associated with HBsAg loss at Week 72 (P 3.5 log HBsAg decline at Week 24 of TDF plus PEG-IFN combination therapy may identify patients who, after completing 48 weeks of treatment, have a better chance of achieving HBsAg loss at Week 72.
Combination of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate and Peginterferon α-2a Increases Loss of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1053/J.GASTRO.2015.09.043
Abstract: Patients chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus rarely achieve loss of serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with the standard of care. We evaluated HBsAg loss in patients receiving the combination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and peginterferon α-2a (peginterferon) for a finite duration in a randomized trial. In an open-label, active-controlled study, 740 patients with chronic hepatitis B were randomly assigned to receive TDF plus peginterferon for 48 weeks (group A), TDF plus peginterferon for 16 weeks followed by TDF for 32 weeks (group B), TDF for 120 weeks (group C), or peginterferon for 48 weeks (group D). The primary end point was the proportion of patients with serum HBsAg loss at week 72. At week seventy-two, 9.1% of subjects in group A had HBsAg loss compared with 2.8% of subjects in group B, none of the subjects in group C, and 2.8% of subjects in group D. A significantly higher proportion of subjects in group A had HBsAg loss than in group C (P < .001) or group D (P = .003). However, the proportions of subjects with HBsAg loss did not differ significantly between group B and group C (P = .466) or group D (P = .883). HBsAg loss in group A occurred in hepatitis B e antigen-positive and hepatitis B e antigen-negative patients with all major viral genotypes. The incidence of common adverse events (including headache, alopecia, and pyrexia) and treatment discontinuation due to adverse events was similar among groups. A significantly greater proportion of patients receiving TDF plus peginterferon for 48 weeks had HBsAg loss than those receiving TDF or peginterferon alone. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01277601.
Time-Dependent Changes in Urinary Metabolome Before and After Intensive Phase Tuberculosis Therapy: A Pharmacometabolomics Study
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 11-2019
Abstract: Pharmacometabolomics is a rapidly emerging omics science signaling the convergence of clinical pharmacology, metabolomics, precision medicine, and biomarker research. Tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes have complex biological, environmental, and social determinants and thus, represent a promising application of pharmacometabolomics. In s les of 23 patients undergoing intensive phase TB therapy for 4 weeks, we identified drug-induced host-metabolome variations before and at repeated time intervals post-treatment: (1) an overall reduction in the oxidative stress levels over the course of TB treatment (2) a time-dependent induction and inhibition of several enzymes in response to the drugs (CYP2E1, CYP3A4, alcohol dehydrogenase, and aminocarboxymuconate-semialdehyde decarboxylase), and altered oxidative stress levels (aconitase, formylglycine-generating enzyme, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase) (3) an upregulated urea cycle and (4) altered insulin production. This is the first study of its kind to indicate changes to the host metabolome in response to intensive TB treatment, at different time intervals during the course of treatment. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms of TB drug metabolism, drug action, and drug-related side effects, thereby paving the way for the development of improved therapeutic approaches for the disease, and perhaps more importantly, also for monitoring treatment progression.
Transjugular liver biopsy in the 1990s: a 2-year audit.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-1999
DOI: 10.1046/J.1365-2036.1999.00514.X
Abstract: In view of the changing nature of transjugular liver biopsy, we performed an audit of the safety, adequacy and clinical impact of such biopsies in our centre over a 2-year period from 1995 to 1997. One hundred and fifty-seven transjugular biopsies were carried out in 145 patients, with prothrombin time >5 s over control and/or platelet count <50 x 10(9)/L and/or gross ascites. Major complications were two (1.3%) capsular perforations, which were easily plugged with coils without sequelae. Biopsy s le was adequate for histological diagnosis in 90%, inadequate in 6% and technically unsuccessful in 4% of cases. Mean biopsy size was 14.8+/-7.7 (1-51) mm. Adequacy did not differ between cases with and without cirrhosis. Transjugular biopsy had a clinical impact (specific diagnosis or influence on patient's management) in 50% of acute liver disease, 62% of chronic liver disease and 87% of transplant patients (P<0.001). In chronic liver disease, it had a significantly greater clinical impact in cases trying to establish the stage rather than diagnosis (84% vs. 35%, P<0.001). Transjugular liver biopsy is a safe procedure for high-risk patients providing an adequate liver s le even in cirrhosis. It has a clinical impact in more than 80% of transplant patients and for staging chronic liver disease, but in only 50% (acute) or 35% (chronic) of liver disease when a diagnosis is sought.
Letters to the Editor
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 2007
Related Organisations
CIBIO Research Centre In Biodiversity And Genetic Resources, InBIO, University Of Porto
Location: Portugal
National And Kapodistrian University Of Athens - Faculty Of Medicine
Location: Greece
Related Funding Activities
No related grants have been discovered for George Papatheodoridis.