ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7008-4903
Current Organisations
University of Melbourne
,
Monash University
,
University of Tokyo
,
Australian Catholic University
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-06-2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-11-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.JANXDIS.2012.03.002
Abstract: Although comorbid depression is a predictor of poor treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), there is limited understanding of factors that contribute to depression severity in OCD. The current study examines the influence of OCD-related factors (autogenous obsessions and obsessional beliefs) and non-specific factors (avoidance and anxiety) on depression severity in a s le of OCD patients. There were 56 participants with only OCD and 46 with OCD and comorbid depression. Self-report questionnaires measuring depression, OCD-related factors, and non-specific factors were completed. Although there were no significant differences between the two groups on these variables, depression severity was positively correlated with anxiety, avoidance, obsessional beliefs, and autogenous obsessions in the whole s le. When entered into a multiple regression model to predict depression severity, these factors accounted for 51% of the variance. While OCD-related factors remained significant predictors after controlling for non-specific factors, the non-specific factors made the most significant contributions to the model. Our findings suggest that in addition to dealing with autogenous obsessions, addressing anxiety and avoidance might lead to improvements in the treatment of OCD with comorbid depression.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2013
DOI: 10.1111/AJPY.12025
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-02-2011
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-01-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.COMPPSYCH.2018.06.011
Abstract: Recent evidence suggests that avoiding waste may be a prominent motive to save in hoarding disorder. Such beliefs are reminiscent of scrupulosity obsessions in OCD. This paper reports on three studies examining scrupulosity-like beliefs in hoarding and the development and validation of a measure of material scrupulosity. Study one examined the reliability and validity of a measure of material scrupulosity (MOMS) and its relationship to hoarding in a college student s le, as well as the relationship between hoarding and OCD-base scrupulosity. Study 2 examined the psychometric properties of the MOMS in a replication of study 1 with a s le of people with hoarding problems. Study 3 examined the reliability and validity of the MOMS in a large nonclinical/community s le. Findings across the studies provided evidence for the reliability and validity of the MOMS. It was highly correlated with hoarding symptoms, especially difficulty discarding, and hoarding related beliefs, especially responsibility beliefs. It accounted for significant variance in hoarding symptoms independent of other correlates, including other hoarding beliefs. OCD-based scrupulosity was correlated with hoarding in s le 1, but not in the hoarding s le in study 2. Material Scrupulosity refers to an exaggerated sense of duty or moral/ethical responsibility for the care and disposition of possessions to prevent their being harmed or wasted. It appears to be distinct from other hoarding-related beliefs and a significant predictor of hoarding symptoms. The MOMS appears to possess good reliability and validity in both clinical and nonclinical s les.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2012
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Date: 26-12-2022
Abstract: Objectives: This study examined the role of ‘self-other harmony’ in the relations between self-compassion, other-compassion, and well-being. Past research has shown self- and other-compassion to be positively related. But we hypothesized that self-compassion can be perceived as incompatible with other-compassion, and that self-compassion and other-compassion might be uncorrelated or negatively correlated in daily life for some in iduals. We termed this pattern lack of ‘self-other harmony’ in compassion and hypothesized that it would undermine the benefits of compassion. Method: Using an experience s ling method in patients (n=154) with a variety of diagnoses, we measured self-compassion, other-compassion, life-satisfaction, mood, and contextual variables six times per day for 42 time points. Results: For most participants, self-compassion was positively associated with other-compassion. However, there was substantial heterogeneity in this effect. The degree of self-other harmony moderated the link between compassion directed towards self or other and well-being. Higher levels of compassion were associated with higher levels of well-being, but only for those who experienced the harmony. When the two forms of compassion were not in harmony, levels of self/other-compassion were largely unrelated to well-being. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the importance of personalized compassion interventions rather than a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach. Increasing self-compassion or other-compassion is likely to improve well-being for most people. However, for a minority lacking the self-other harmony, it may be necessary to assess their interpretation of self- and other-compassion, then work with them to promote the compassion balance optimal for their well-being.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-05-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S12671-022-01897-5
Abstract: Although research in self-compassion has been rapidly growing, there is still substantial controversy about its meaning and measurement. The controversy centers on Neff’s popular Self- Compassion Scale (SCS) and the argument that compassionate self-responding (CSR) and uncompassionate self-responding (UCS) are a single dimension versus the argument that they are two semi-independent, unipolar dimensions, with UCS not reflective of “true” self-compassion. We review the evidence for both positions and conclude that the data cannot yet resolve the debate. Neither position is proven to be right or wrong. We recommend the way forward is to let go of traditional factor analytic approaches and examine self-compassionate behavior as a dynamic network of interacting processes that are influenced by context. This leads us to three classes of testable hypotheses. The link between CS and UCS will depend on the timeframe of measurement, current circumstances, and in idual differences. We propose a middle ground to the SCS debate rather than supporting the single total score, 2-factor score (CSR and UCS) or the 6-factor score (the six subscales of the SCS), we argue these constructs interact dynamically, and the decision of which scoring method to use should depend on the three testable contextual hypotheses.
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 29-11-2021
DOI: 10.1029/2021EA001887
Abstract: The third stage of the Saturn IV rocket used in the five Apollo missions made craters on the Moon ∼30 m in diameter. Their initial impact conditions were known, so they can be considered controlled impacts. Here, we used the iSALE‐2D shock physics code to numerically simulate the formation of these craters, and to calculate the vertical component of seismic moment (∼4 × 10 10 Nm) and seismic efficiency (∼10 −6 ) associated with these impacts. The irregular booster shape likely caused the irregular crater morphology observed. To investigate this, we modeled six projectile geometries, with footprint area between 3 and 105 m 2 , keeping the mass and velocity of the impactor constant. We showed that the crater depth and diameter decreased as the footprint area increased. The central mound observed in lunar impact sites could be a result of layering of the target and/or low density of the projectile. Understanding seismic signatures from impact events is important for planetary seismology. Calculating seismic parameters and validating them against controlled experiments in a planetary setting will help us understand the seismic data received, not only from the Moon, but also from the InSight Mission on Mars and future seismic missions.
Publisher: Akademiai Kiado Zrt.
Date: 21-05-2019
Abstract: The appetitive aspects of hoarding disorder, such as the compulsive acquisition and saving of objects, are akin to other behavioral addictions. Underpinning these appetitive features is the strong emotional and sentimental attachments that hoarding sufferers have for their possessions. Different facets of object attachment have been identified including anthropomorphism, insecure object attachment, possessions as an extension of identity, possessions as a repository of autobiographical memories, and possessions as a source of comfort and safety. The aim of this study was to examine the association between each of these facets and hoarding symptoms independent of non-sentimental hoarding beliefs, depression, and anxiety. Participants were 532 in iduals recruited via Turkprime who completed online self-report questionnaires on hoarding symptoms, hoarding beliefs, depression, anxiety, and the facets of object attachment. Pearson’s correlations and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted. The results showed that all facets of object attachment were positively correlated with hoarding symptoms. After accounting for other non-sentimental hoarding beliefs, depression, and anxiety, three facets made significant unique contributions to hoarding symptoms: insecure object attachment, anthropomorphism, and possessions as a repository of autobiographical memories. Based on these findings, we propose a compensatory model to explain how the different facets of object attachment may be implicated in hoarding. Further research into ways of reducing anthropomorphism, insecure object attachment, and possessions as memories are warranted.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 21-02-2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-07-2023
DOI: 10.1002/CPP.2881
Abstract: Gaining awareness of psychosis (i.e., insight) is linked to depression, particularly in the post‐acute phase of psychosis. Informed by social rank theory, we examined whether the insight–depression relationship is explained by reduced social rank related to psychosis and whether self‐compassion (including uncompassionate self‐responding [UCS] and compassionate self‐responding [CSR]) and mindfulness buffered the relationship between social rank and depression in in iduals with first episode psychosis during the post‐acute phase. Participants were 145 young people ( M age = 20.81 female = 66) with first episode psychosis approaching discharge from an early psychosis intervention centre. Questionnaires and interviews assessed insight, depressive symptoms, perceived social rank, self‐compassion, mindfulness and illness severity. Results showed that insight was not significantly associated to depression and thus no mediation analysis was conducted. However, lower perceived social rank was related to higher depression, and this relationship was moderated by self‐compassion and, more specifically, UCS. Mindfulness was related to depression but had no moderating effect on social rank and depression. Results supported previous findings that depressive symptoms are common during the post‐acute phase. The role of insight in depression for this s le is unclear and may be less important during the post‐acute phase than previously considered. Supporting social rank theory, the results suggest that low perceived social rank contributes to depression, and reducing UCS may ameliorate this effect. UCS, social rank and possibly mindfulness may be valuable intervention targets for depression intervention and prevention efforts in the recovery of psychosis.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 10-2002
DOI: 10.1177/002580240204200411
Abstract: Sexual assaults vary in terms of severity from molestation, which involves touching, stroking, fondling or grabbing of any part of the victim's body, to rape, where victims have been known to suffer severe emotional trauma. The aim of the study is to compare molesters with rapists using hypotheses that molesters and rapists commit their offences at different times of the day, at differing locations and with differing relationships with their victims. The influence of alcohol on both groups was also studied. Convicted molesters and rapists were given a semi-structured interview in prison. Demographic information and details of each offence were obtained from prison records. Comparisons were made of the demography, time, place, reasons for assault, relationship of offender to victims and the role of alcohol and drugs consumed by the perpetrators. Molesters and rapists were of similar age and ethnicity, but differed in that rapists had attained a lower educational level and were more likely to be single. Rapists were more likely to report having drunk alcohol, committing rape after midnight and in secluded places. Molesters struck in the afternoon hours and usually in crowded places. Victims of molesters tended to be relatives whereas victims of rapists were more likely to be ex-spouses or ex-lovers. Molesters tended to give other reasons for their offences. Differences between molesters and rapists could lead to intervention strategies chiefly targeting the issues of poor socialisation skills in molesters and alcohol counselling for rapists.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-12-2018
DOI: 10.1002/CPP.2164
Abstract: The cognitive-behavioural model of hoarding disorder incorporates information processing difficulties, maladaptive attachment to possessions, erroneous beliefs about the nature of possessions, and mood problems as etiologically significant factors, although developmental experiences such as a compromised early family environment have also been proposed in an augmented model. This study examined the specificity and relevance of variables highlighted in the augmented cognitive-behavioural model. Various clinical participants (n = 89) and community controls (n = 20) were assessed with structured clinical interviews to verify diagnosis. Participants completed self-report measures of hoarding severity, cognitions, meta-memory, and early developmental experiences (e.g., memories of warmth and security in one's family). Hoarding cohorts (with and without obsessive-compulsive disorder) reported poor confidence in memory, but relative to other groups (obsessive-compulsive disorder without hoarding disorder, anxiety disorders, and healthy controls), hoarding-relevant cognitions, need to keep possessions in view, and concerns about the consequences of forgetting were significantly higher. Hoarding groups reported the lowest recollections of warmth in their family, although no differences were found between hoarding and non hoarding clinical cohorts for uncertainty about self and others. Nonetheless, clinical cohorts reported generally higher scores of uncertainty than healthy controls. When predicting hoarding severity, after controlling for age and mood, recollections of lack of warmth in one's family was a significant predictor of hoarding severity, with hoarding-related cognitions and fears about decision-making being additional unique predictors. The study supports the augmented cognitive-behavioural model of hoarding, inclusive of the importance of early developmental influences in hoarding.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2017
DOI: 10.1111/CP.12057
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-01-2016
DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2015.1125941
Abstract: The Bivalent Fear of Evaluation (BFOE) model of social anxiety proposes that fear of negative evaluation (FNE) and fear of positive evaluation (FPE) play distinct roles in social anxiety. Research is however lacking in terms of how FPE is related to perfectionism and how these constructs interact to predict social anxiety. Participants were 382 in iduals from the general community and included an overs ling of in iduals with social anxiety. Measures of FPE, FNE, perfectionism, and social anxiety were administered. Results were mostly consistent with the predictions made by the BFOE model and showed that accounting for confounding variables, FPE correlated negatively with high standards but positively with maladaptive perfectionism. FNE was also positively correlated with maladaptive perfectionism, but there was no significant relationship between FNE and high standards. Also consistent with BFOE model, both FNE and FPE significantly moderated the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and social anxiety with the relationship strengthened at high levels of FPE and FNE. These findings provide additional support for the BFOE model and implications are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2002
Abstract: This report studies the personality of in iduals who suffer from dissociative trance disorder and examines whether the personality profiles could predict the in idual's frequency of trance states. A total of 58 cases were given the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and their personal information harvested from the case notes and through subsequent interviews. The subjects were also reassessed 1 year later to obtain their frequency of trance states. For both sexes, there were lower extraversion scores and higher psychoticism, neuroticism, and lie scores in the s le compared to the Singapore norms. Of the 47 subjects traced, total episodes of trances that occurred over the 1-year period was positively correlated with neuroticism and negatively with extraversion scores. The high lie scores in in iduals with dissociative trance disorder could be a reflection of their concern of how others perceive them. The motivation could be that of restoration of self-esteem or "face." The profiles in the EPQ could be used to predict the in idual's frequency of trance states. Subjects with personality traits like nervousness, excitability, and emotional instability were more likely to have a higher frequency of trance states.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 07-2000
DOI: 10.1177/002580240004000310
Abstract: Outrage of modesty (OOM) offenders cause considerable annoyance and distress to their victims. The offending behaviours include touching, grabbing or fondling of erogenous or non-erogenous parts of the victim's body. The purpose of this study is to examine a prison cohort of OOM offenders and to compare them with a group of OOM offenders who had been remanded in a state mental hospital. All prisoners serving sentence over a two-year study period were interviewed. They were of similar mean age to the hospital cohort but were better educated, more likely to be married and most were working. Victims tended to be young females with an average age of 19 years. Psychotic disorders were rarely present, although 15% had a dissocial personality disorder. Those with previous OOM convictions were likely to have had past psychiatric consultations and were more likely to be unmarried. However, there were no statistically significant differences between convicted first-time offenders and repeat offenders with respect to age, educational level, nature of offences and alcohol consumption. The prisoners were less inclined to commit their offences in the mornings. Breasts and genitalia were the favoured targets for molest action, irrespective of time or place or whether the offence was committed by a first or repeat offender. The offences were often committed along staircases, corridors and in crowded public places. CONCLUSION: Interesting differences emerged when a cohort of prisoners was compared with another cohort of molesters remanded in a psychiatric hospital. The prison cohort contained fewer in iduals with psychiatric illness, whereas the converse was true for the hospital cohort. Although it is thought that sexual offences are typically committed by those with no psychiatric disorders, much depends on the type of study population being evaluated. If the study population is from a prison setting, fewer mentally ill in iduals would be expected. In these situations the Dissocial Personality Disorders are expected to be more prevalent. The surprising finding that the prison group comprised those who were fairly well educated with high employment contrasted with an age-old concept of the criminal population as a whole. While mental illnesses tended to be found in a minority of the prisoners, there seemed to be an indication that those who had committed repeat offences were in some way more psychologically impaired than those who had molested for the first time. Such impairments were probably responsible for problems in forming intimate relationships leading up to marriage.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2014
DOI: 10.1111/AJPY.12045
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-03-2021
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-08-2021
DOI: 10.1002/CPP.2497
Abstract: There are good theoretical and empirical grounds to suggest that personal practices (PPs e.g., self‐practice/self‐reflection [SP/SR] programmes, meditation programmes and personal therapy) can have a positive impact on therapist skills and client outcomes. However, to date, a weakness in many PP studies is the lack of cohort control groups. The two pilot studies reported in this paper examined SP/SR programmes integrated into postgraduate psychology training and are the first to include cohort control groups. Study 1 compared outcomes of students assigned to either SP/SR ( n = 17) or a cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) book study group ( n = 13) during their first clinical placement. Study 2 compared outcomes of students who completed the SP/SR programme as part of CBT training ( n = 12) with participants who completed the same CBT training in the previous year without an SP/SR programme ( n = 17). Significant improvements in therapist confidence for the SP/SR groups were found in both studies. Study 2 also showed significantly higher therapist self‐awareness and lower burnout scores in the SP/SR group. These studies are limited by their small s le size and the lack of random allocation. Nevertheless, they provide preliminary empirical evidence demonstrating large effects of PP on trainees' personal and therapist selves and offer a basis for further research using randomized controlled designs with larger s le sizes.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-11-2018
DOI: 10.1002/JCLP.22553
Abstract: Emotion regulation difficulties are implicated in psychological disorders but their role in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is unclear. Two studies examining these difficulties in OCD are presented. A community s le (Study 1 n = 306) and a clinical OCD s le (Study 2 n = 59) completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and measures of depression, anxiety, and OCD. In Study 2, the OCD s le was compared to a matched control group (n = 59, selected from Study 1). In Study 1, OCD was positively correlated with DERS total and subscale scores, and the DERS significantly predicted OCD severity even after accounting for age, gender, depression, and anxiety. In Study 2, emotion regulation difficulties were significantly higher in the clinical s le compared to the matched control group, even after accounting for depression and anxiety. Results showed that emotion regulation difficulties in OCD cannot simply be attributed to mood difficulties. Theoretical and treatment implications are discussed.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 04-2002
DOI: 10.1177/002580240204200208
Abstract: Outrage of modesty (OOM) is considered a serious crime in Singapore and offenders are often charged with a period of imprisonment with or without a fine and caning. Previous studies have indicated that non-violent sexual offenders tend to have a socially inhibited personality. No published study has yet been conducted to investigate the personality of OOM offenders. The purpose of the current study was to assess the personality of males charged with outrage of modesty and compare them to a group of males charged with theft using the 16 Personality Factors questionnaire (16PF Cattell, Eber, and Tatsuoka, 1970). Participants were selected over a two-year study period from a cohort of prisoners serving sentence at Changi Prison. A total of 30 OOM and 22 theft offenders completed the 16PF. All OOM subjects had been charged for molesting an adult female. Unexpectedly, planned comparisons revealed that OOM subjects had marginally higher scores on Factor H (boldness) compared to theft subjects. Exploratory analyses revealed no other significant differences between OOM and theft subjects. Implications of findings and limitations of the study are discussed.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-10-2023
DOI: 10.1111/BJC.12392
Abstract: Due to rumination and self‐criticism over unwanted obsessions and repetitive rituals, shame is a common emotion experienced by in iduals with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Shame is also theorized to have relevance to unacceptable thoughts in OCD. However, empirical research looking at the relationship between OCD and shame is still emerging and findings have been mixed. Our review systematically examines the association of shame with OCD and unacceptable thoughts. The last updated search was conducted across five databases between 27 and 29 February 2022. The final selection included 20 papers, 18 of which were used in the primary meta‐analysis to calculate pooled effect sizes between OCD and shame measures using a random effects model. In a separate analysis, three papers were used to calculate pooled effect sizes between shame and OCD symptom dimensions also using a random effects model. The meta‐analyses identified a significant, moderate and positive correlation between total OCD and shame scores r = .352, 95% CI [0.260, 0.438]. In addition, significant, weak and positive relationships were found between shame and three OCD symptom dimensions: unacceptable thoughts r = .252, 95% CI [−0.467, 0.9708], harm obsessions r = .224, CI [−0.190, 0.638] and symmetry concerns r = .200, CI [−0.108, 0.509]. Shame measures in the reviewed studies were not specific to OCD, and between‐study variance in the analyses examining unacceptable thoughts was significant. Our findings support a medium positive relationship between shame and OCD. As shame in OCD can be a barrier to seeking treatment and impair quality of life, it is imperative to address this emotion through psychoeducation, assessment and treatment.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2023
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-10-2019
DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2018.1517389
Abstract: Third-wave behavioural interventions are increasingly popular for treating and preventing mental health conditions. Recently, researchers have begun testing whether these interventions can effectively targeting eating disorder risk factors (disordered eating, body image concerns). This meta-analysis examined whether third-wave behavioural interventions (acceptance and commitment therapy dialectical behaviour therapy mindfulness-based interventions compassion-focused therapy) show potential for being effective eating disorder prevention programs, by testing their effects on eating disorder risk factors in s les without an eating disorder. Twenty-four studies (13 randomized trials) were included. Most studies delivered selective prevention programs (i.e. participants who reported elevated risk factor). Third-wave interventions led to significant pre-post (g = 0.59 95% CI = 0.43, 0.75) and follow-up (g = 0.83 95% CI = 0.38, 1.28) improvements in disordered eating, and significant pre-post improvements in body image (g = 0.35 95% CI = 0.13, 0.56). DBT-based interventions were associated with the largest effects. Third-wave interventions were also significantly more efficacious than wait-lists (g = 0.39 95% CI = 0.09, 0.69) in reducing disordered eating, but did not differ to other interventions (g = 0.25 95% CI = -0.06, 0.57). Preliminary evidence suggests that third-wave interventions may have a beneficial effect in ameliorating eating disorder risk.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 10-2000
DOI: 10.1177/002580240004000404
Abstract: To gain better understanding into the causes of molesting behaviour in males, we examined a prison cohort of molesters and compared them with a control group comprising thieves. The molesters were older, had attained a higher educational level and were more likely to be married. They had their initial sexual intercourse at an older age but tended to have multiple sexual relationships and were less likely to report having viewed pornographic material. Three months prior to committing their offences, molesters seemed to engage in less sexual activity. The implications are that molesters had a need for more explicit sexual contact but were unable to sustain ongoing, stable, intimate sexual relationships.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2018.04.018
Abstract: An inability to identify or describe internal emotional experience has been linked to a range of affective disorders. Despite burgeoning research on mindfulness-based interventions and their possible effects on emotion regulation, the effects of such interventions on emotional clarity is unclear. This review examines the evidence for the effect of mindfulness-based interventions on self-reported emotional clarity. Published studies indexed by PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus, as available in April 2017, were systematically reviewed. Interventions that included mindfulness practice or philosophy, and reported a suitable measure of emotional clarity at pre- and post-intervention were selected. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Subgroup comparisons were also conducted to test for differences between clinical and non-clinical s les, between specific and approximate measures of emotional clarity, and between controlled and uncontrolled trials. Seventeen studies met the criteria for inclusion. The overall estimated effect size for pre- to post-intervention was small to moderate, Hedges' g = 0.42, 95% CI [0.25, 0.59] and for between groups results was small to large, Hedges' g = 0.52, 95% CI [0.15, 0.90]. Studies varied substantially in design quality and study characteristics. Furthermore, while interventions in the reviewed studies all had mindfulness components, many had other components in addition to mindfulness. Consequently, this review is limited by the heterogeneity of studies and results should be interpreted with caution. There is preliminary evidence to suggest that mindfulness-based interventions may increase emotional clarity. However, more homogenous and targeted experiments are required to confirm these initial findings.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-10-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2022
DOI: 10.1016/J.PSYCHRES.2022.114631
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the use of video-teleconferencing (VTC) for psychological treatments but VTC effectiveness studies are sparse. We examined treatment outcomes for a modified Buried in Treasures (BIT) group program for hoarding disorder (HD) delivered via VTC. Participants were 10 in iduals with HD. Hoarding severity was evaluated at pre, mid, post, and six-month follow-up. Results showed significant decrease in hoarding symptoms over time (with an average decrease of 32%). The dropout rate was low (9%) and 30% of participants were fully recovered at follow-up. These results support the adaptation of in-person BIT for HD into a VTC format.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2020
DOI: 10.1111/AP.12438
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-07-2021
Publisher: Hogrefe Publishing Group
Date: 05-2021
DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/A000713
Abstract: Abstract. Psychiatric hospitalization can cause significant distress for patients. Research has shown that to cope with the stress, patients sometimes resort to self-harm. Given the paucity of research on self-harm among psychiatric inpatients, a better understanding of transdiagnostic processes as predictors of self-harm during psychiatric hospitalization is needed. The current study examined whether coping styles predicted self-harm after controlling for commonly associated factors, such as age, gender, and borderline personality disorder. Participants were 72 patients (mean age = 39.32 years, SD = 12.29, 64% male) admitted for inpatient treatment at a public psychiatric hospital in Sydney, Australia. Participants completed self-report measures of coping styles and ward-specific coping behaviors, including self-harm, in relation to coping with the stress of acute hospitalization. Results showed that younger age, diagnosis of borderline personality disorder, and higher emotion-oriented coping were associated with self-harm. After controlling for age and borderline personality disorder, higher levels of emotion-oriented coping were found to be a significant predictor of self-harm. Findings were partially consistent with hypotheses emotion-oriented but not avoidance-oriented coping significantly predicted self-harm. This finding may help to identify and provide psychiatric inpatients who are at risk of self-harm with appropriate therapeutic interventions.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-08-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S12144-022-03408-0
Abstract: Self-compassion, a healthy way of relating to oneself, may promote psychological resilience during adolescence. How adolescents engage with self-compassion, and whether they have distinct self-compassionate or uncompassionate psychological profiles, is unclear. This study investigated potential self-compassion profiles based on responses to the Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS-SF) and examined their relationship with a range of mental health symptoms and cognitive and emotional tendencies. A large cross-sectional s le of high school students ( N = 950 M age = 13.70 years, SD age = 0.72, range = 12 to 16 years 434 female and 495 male) completed several online self-report measures including the SCS-SF. Latent profile analysis identified parsimonious self-compassion profiles by gender using the six SCS-SF subscales. Five female profiles included ‘Low Self-Relating’, ‘Uncompassionate’, ‘High Self-Relating’, ‘Moderately Compassionate’ and ‘Highly Compassionate’. Comparatively, two male profiles included ‘Low Self-Relating’ and ‘Moderately Self-Relating’. Low Self-Relating involved low levels of both compassionate and uncompassionate responding, and Moderately Self-Relating involved higher levels of both. Low Self-Relating and Highly Compassionate profiles for females consistently reported lower levels of anxiety and depression symptoms, maladaptive perfectionism, intolerance of uncertainty, repetitive thinking and avoidance-fusion thinking patterns compared to the other female profiles. Low Self-Relating males reported more adaptive outcomes compared to Moderate Self-Relating males. These findings illustrate important adolescent gender differences in compassionate and uncompassionate self-response profiles. Results suggest self-compassion is an important psychological construct with erse mental health benefits for females, whereas for males a lack of attachment to either response styles are linked with better psychological outcomes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.JPUROL.2013.08.008
Abstract: To explore the effectiveness of the enuresis alarm with overlearning for treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE). A key objective was to explore the effect of overlearning on treatment gains, and its impact on relapse. The RMIT University Psychology Clinic has been treating PNE in the community for more than 20 years following a standardized treatment protocol. The study analysed archival data of 126 participants, aged ≥ 5 years, presenting with PNE. A mean wetting frequency of 5.13 wet nights per week was observed at baseline. Treatment significantly reduced mean wetting from baseline levels during both treatment and overlearning phases, F(1.41, 176.10) = 588.54, p < 0.001, r(2) = 0.77, 95% CI (0.74-0.81). Wet nights per week reduced from a mean of 5.13 (SD = 1.77) during baseline to 1.88 (SD = 0.85) during treatment, and 0.64 (SD = 0.60) during overlearning. Alarm treatment with overlearning produced a treatment response of 87%, compared with 59% for alarm treatment only. Evidence of improved treatment response with the addition of overlearning suggests overlearning should be considered as a potentially useful adjunct to alarm treatment for PNE. Overlearning was not unreasonably onerous for participants. Further research is required to explore the impact overlearning has on reducing relapse rates.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 09-08-2021
DOI: 10.3389/FEDUC.2021.653269
Abstract: In training to become a registered psychologist in Australia, as with many other countries, there is a requirement for students to attend placements, where they work with clients in an apprenticeship model under the guidance of qualified supervisors. In the context of COVID-19, tertiary sector psychology educators responsible for facilitating these placements, which typically require face-to-face client work, have been challenged to arrange or maintain practica. During the pandemic, across Australia, most placements have been affected through cancellation, postponement, or modification (e.g., using telehealth, supported by the Australian Federal Government). In this paper we describe a collaborative initiative by members of the psychology profession across 15 providers of Australian postgraduate professional training programs. The initiative aimed to identify ways in which to develop and innovate psychological placement offerings, specifically using simulation-based learning. Although simulation-based learning in psychology training programs in Australia is a widely employed pedagogy for the scaffolding of theory into psychological practice, there is paucity of clear and comprehensive guidelines for the use of simulation to both optimize competency-based training and ensure public and student safety. The overarching aim of the group, and the focus of this paper, is to provide standardized guidelines for the inclusion of simulation-based learning in psychology training in Australia both during and post-COVID 19. Such guidelines may be equally valuable for psychology training programs globally.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2022
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 08-2020
DOI: 10.1029/2020JE006382
Location: Japan
Location: Japan
No related grants have been discovered for Keong Yap.