Jayson Semmens

Early post-settlement mortality of the scallop Pecten fumatus and the role of algal mats as a refuge from predation

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 28-05-2015

DOI: 10.1093/ICESJMS/FSV095

Abstract: Early post-settlement mortality is one of the main processes determining distribution and abundance patterns of marine benthic invertebrates. Most scallops have an attached phase as spat before they release the byssus and move onto the soft sediments. Thus, spat differ from other stages of life in their use of microhabitat, lack of mobility, and therefore in their vulnerability to mortality processes such as predation. However, the contribution of predation to explain levels of mortality experienced by spat and early juvenile scallops is unknown. Complex habitats such as seagrasses and algae provide a substrate upon which spat can attach and might confer an advantage as a refuge from predation. This study investigates the contribution of early post-settlement predation on abundance of Pecten fumatus and determines the role of the algae Hincksia sordida as a refuge from predation. Data were collected using field observations, a predator exclusion experiment, and tethering techniques. Mortality of up to 85% during the first weeks after settlement appeared to have prevented the establishment of an adult population at our study site. Mats of the macroalgae H. sordida provided a settlement substrate for P. fumatus spat. However, increased algal biomass did not provide greater protection from predation to juvenile scallops than lower algal biomass. Our study suggests that prey survival in submersed vegetation is likely to be dynamic among years, and affected by prey behaviour and density as well as the characteristics of the submerged vegetation.

Stirred but not shaken: population and recruitment genetics of the scallop (Pecten fumatus) in Bass Strait, Australia

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 08-05-2016

DOI: 10.1093/ICESJMS/FSW068

Abstract: We report population genetic structure and fine-scale recruitment processes for the scallop beds (Pecten fumatus) in Bass Strait and the eastern coastline of Tasmania in southern Australia. Conventional population pairwise FST analyses are compared with novel discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) to assess population genetic structure using allelic variation in 11 microsatellite loci. Fine-scale population connectivity was compared with oceanic features of the s led area. Disjunct scallop beds were genetically distinct, but there was little population genetic structure between beds connected by tides and oceanic currents. To identify recruitment patterns among and within beds, pedigree analyses determined the distribution of parent–offspring and sibling relationships in the s led populations. Beds in northeastern Bass Strait were genetically distinct to adjacent beds (FST 0.003–0.005) and may not contribute to wider recruitment based on biophysical models of larval movement. Unfortunately, pedigree analyses lacked power to further dissect fine-scale recruitment processes including self-recruitment. Our results support the management of disjunct populations as separate stocks and the protection of source populations among open water beds. The application of DAPC and parentage analyses in the current study provided valuable insight into their potential power to determine population connectivity in marine species with larval dispersal.

Motivation and harvesting behaviour of fishers in a specialized fishery targeting a top predator species at risk

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 02-2019

DOI: 10.1002/PAN3.9

Life history traits and conservation actions for the Maugean skate (Zearaja maugeana), an endangered species occupying an anthropogenically impacted estuary

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-03-2021

DOI: 10.1002/AQC.3579

Abstract: The Maugean skate, Zearaja maugeana , is endemic to two isolated western Tasmanian (Australia) estuaries. The species' persistence in one of these estuaries (Bathurst Harbour) is uncertain, while the other estuary (Macquarie Harbour), potentially the remaining stronghold for the species, is an anthropogenically impacted system. Key life‐history parameters were studied to inform conservation actions for this species. Reproductive information was obtained using non‐lethal methodologies, circulating concentrations of sex steroids and ultrasonography. Growth and age parameters were estimated based on vertebral sections from a small s le of in iduals. Females and males reached 870 and 760 mm total length, respectively. The species reached a maximum age of at least 10 years. Females and males attained 50% sexual maturity at 665 and 633 mm total length, respectively, probably maturing somewhere between four and six years of age. Females displayed an asynchronous, discontinuous reproductive cycle, being able to reproduce throughout the year, with a probable decline in reproductive activity during summer. No egg cases were observed in‐utero . Males produce sperm all year round, with a peak in testosterone production during spring–autumn. Conservation strategies for Z . maugeana will need to focus on reducing anthropogenic impacts on the environmental health, the primary impacts being altered river flows associated with the production of hydroelectricity and increased nutrient load associated with salmonid aquaculture. There is a need to better understand how reproductive success, egg survival and recruitment are affected by these environmental challenges if the future well‐being of this species is to be secured.

Cleaner seas: reducing marine pollution

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 02-08-2021

DOI: 10.1007/S11160-021-09674-8

A general swimming response in exhausted obligate swimming fish

Publisher: The Royal Society

Date: 09-2022

DOI: 10.1098/RSOS.211869

Abstract: Marine organisms normally swim at elevated speeds relative to cruising speeds only during strenuous activity, such as predation or escape. We measured swimming speeds of 29 ram ventilating sharks from 10 species and of three Atlantic bluefin tunas immediately after exhaustive exercise (fighting a capture by hook-and-line) and unexpectedly found all in iduals exhibited a uniform mechanical response, with swimming speed initially two times higher than the cruising speeds reached approximately 6 h later. We hypothesized that elevated swimming behaviour is a means to increase energetic demand and drive the removal of lactate accumulated during capture via oxidation. To explore this hypothesis, we estimated the mechanical work that must have been spent by an animal to elevate its swim speed and then showed that the amount of lactate that could have been oxidized to fuel it comprises a significant portion of the amount of lactate normally observed in fishes after exhaustive exercise. An estimate for the full energetic cost of the catch-and-release event ensued.

Bioenergetic Model Sensitivity to Diet Diversity Across Space, Time and Ontogeny

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Date: 18-08-2021

DOI: 10.3389/FMARS.2021.625855

Abstract: Consumption is the primary trophic interaction in ecosystems and its accurate estimation is required for reliable ecosystem modeling. When estimating consumption, species’ diets are commonly assumed to be the average of those that occur among habitats, seasons, and life stages which introduces uncertainty and error into consumption rate estimates. We present a case study of a teleost (Yellowfin Bream Acanthopagrus australis ) that quantifies the potential error in consumption (in mass) and growth rate estimates when using diet data from different regions and times and ignoring ontogenetic variability. Ontogenetic diet trends were examined through gut content analysis ( n = 1,130 fish) and incorporated into a bioenergetic model (the “primary” model) that included diet variability ( n = 144 prey sources) and ontogenetic changes in metabolism (1–7 year) to estimate lifetime consumption. We quantified error by building nine model scenarios that each incorporated different spatiotemporal diet data of four published studies. The model scenarios produced in idual lifetime consumption estimates that were between 25% lower and 15% higher than the primary model (maximum difference was 53%, range 11.7–17.8 kg). When consumption (in mass) was held constant, differences in diet quality among models caused a several-fold range in growth rate (0.04–1.07 g day –1 ). Our findings showcase the large uncertainty in consumption rate estimates due to diet ersity, and illustrate that caution is required when considering bioenergetic results among locations, times, and ontogeny.

Using stylet elemental signatures to determine the population structure of Octopus maorum

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 22-05-2008

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS07389

High survivorship after catch-and-release fishing suggests physiological resilience in the endothermic shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus)

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 2015

DOI: 10.1093/CONPHYS/COV044

Dive characteristics can predict foraging success in Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) as validated by animal-borne video

Publisher: The Company of Biologists

Date: 12-02-2016

DOI: 10.1242/BIO.016659

Abstract: Dive characteristics and e shape are often used to infer foraging success in pinnipeds. However, these inferences have not been directly validated in the field with video, and it remains unclear if this method can be applied to benthic foraging animals. This study assessed the ability of e characteristics from time-depth recorders (TDR) to predict attempted prey capture events (APC) that were directly observed on animal-borne video in Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus, n=11). The most parsimonious model predicting the probability of a e with ≥1 APC on video included only descent rate as a predictor variable. The majority (94%) of the 389 total APC were successful, and the majority of the es (68%) contained at least one successful APC. The best model predicting these successful es included descent rate as a predictor. Comparisons of the TDR model predictions to video yielded a maximum accuracy of 77.5% in classifying es as either APC or non-APC or 77.1% in classifying es as successful verses unsuccessful. Foraging intensity, measured as either total APC per e or total successful APC per e, was best predicted by bottom duration and ascent rate. The accuracy in predicting total APC per e varied based on the number of APC per e with maximum accuracy occurring at 1 APC for both total (54%) and only successful APC (52%). Results from this study linking verified foraging es to e characteristics potentially opens the door to decades of historical TDR datasets across several otariid species.

Climate change alters stability and species potential interactions in a large marine ecosystem

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-10-2017

DOI: 10.1111/GCB.13891

Abstract: We have little empirical evidence of how large-scale overlaps between large numbers of marine species may have altered in response to human impacts. Here, we synthesized all available distribution data (>1 million records) since 1992 for 61 species of the East Australian marine ecosystem, a global hot spot of ocean warming and continuing fisheries exploitation. Using a novel approach, we constructed networks of the annual changes in geographical overlaps between species. Using indices of changes in species overlap, we quantified changes in the ecosystem stability, species robustness, species sensitivity and structural keystone species. We then compared the species overlap indices with environmental and fisheries data to identify potential factors leading to the changes in distributional overlaps between species. We found that the structure of the ecosystem has changed with a decrease in asymmetrical geographical overlaps between species. This suggests that the ecosystem has become less stable and potentially more susceptible to environmental perturbations. Most species have shown a decrease in overlaps with other species. The greatest decrease in species overlap robustness and sensitivity to the loss of other species has occurred in the pelagic community. Some demersal species have become more robust and less sensitive. Pelagic structural keystone species, predominately the tunas and billfish, have been replaced by demersal fish species. The changes in species overlap were strongly correlated with regional oceanographic changes, in particular increasing ocean warming and the southward transport of warmer and saltier water with the East Australian Current, but less correlated with fisheries catch. Our study illustrates how large-scale multispecies distribution changes can help identify structural changes in marine ecosystems associated with climate change.

Response of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar to temperature and dissolved oxygen extremes established using animal-borne environmental sensors

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 03-07-2017

DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-04806-2

Abstract: Understanding how aquatic species respond to extremes of DO and temperature is crucial for determining how they will be affected by climate change, which is predicted to increasingly expose them to levels beyond their optima. In this study we used novel animal-borne DO, temperature and depth sensors to determine the effect of extremes of DO and temperature on the vertical habitat use of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in aquaculture cages. Salmon showed a preference for temperatures around 16.5 to 17.5 °C, however, selection of preferred temperatures was trumped by active avoidance of low DO ( % saturation) at the bottom of the cage. In addition to low DO, salmon also avoided warm surface waters ( .1 ° C), which led to a considerable contraction in the available vertical habitat. Despite their avoidance behavior, fish spent a large amount of time in waters with suboptimal DO ( % saturation). These results show that vertical habitat contraction could likely be a significant consequence of climate change if the reduction in DO outpaces the increase in hypoxia tolerance through local adaptation. They furthermore highlight that site-specific environmental conditions and stock-specific tolerance thresholds may need to be considered when determining stocking densities.

Global spatial risk assessment of sharks under the footprint of fisheries

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 06-2013

DOI: 10.1038/S41586-019-1444-4

Abstract: Effective ocean management and the conservation of highly migratory species depend on resolving the overlap between animal movements and distributions, and fishing effort. However, this information is lacking at a global scale. Here we show, using a big-data approach that combines satellite-tracked movements of pelagic sharks and global fishing fleets, that 24% of the mean monthly space used by sharks falls under the footprint of pelagic longline fisheries. Space-use hotspots of commercially valuable sharks and of internationally protected species had the highest overlap with longlines (up to 76% and 64%, respectively), and were also associated with significant increases in fishing effort. We conclude that pelagic sharks have limited spatial refuge from current levels of fishing effort in marine areas beyond national jurisdictions (the high seas). Our results demonstrate an urgent need for conservation and management measures at high-seas hotspots of shark space use, and highlight the potential of simultaneous satellite surveillance of megafauna and fishers as a tool for near-real-time, dynamic management.

Swimming strategies and energetics of endothermic white sharks during foraging

Publisher: The Company of Biologists

Date: 15-02-2019

DOI: 10.1242/JEB.185603

Abstract: Some fishes and sea turtles are distinct from ectotherms by having elevated core body temperatures and metabolic rates. Quantifying the energetics and activity of the regionally endothermic species will help us understand how a fundamental biophysical process (i.e. temperature-dependent metabolism) shapes animal ecology however, such information is limited owing to difficulties in studying these large, highly active animals. White sharks, Carcharodon carcharias, are the largest fish with regional endothermy, and potentially among the most energy-demanding fishes. Here, we deployed multi-sensor loggers on eight white sharks aggregating near colonies of long-nosed fur seals, Arctocephalus forsteri, off the Neptune Islands, Australia. Simultaneous measurements of depth, swim speed (a proxy for swimming metabolic rate) and body acceleration (indicating when sharks exhibited energy-efficient gliding behaviour) revealed their fine-scale swimming behaviour and allowed us to estimate their energy expenditure. Sharks repeatedly ed (mean swimming depth, 29 m) and swam at the surface between deep es (maximum depth, 108 m). Modal swim speeds (0.80–1.35 m s−1) were slower than the estimated speeds that minimize cost of transport (1.3–1.9 m s−1), a pattern analogous to a ‘sit-and-wait’ strategy for a perpetually swimming species. All but one shark employed unpowered gliding during descents, rendering deep (& m) es 29% less costly than surface swimming, which may incur additional wave drag. We suggest that these behavioural strategies may help sharks to maximize net energy gains by reducing swimming cost while increasing encounter rates with fast-swimming seals.

Mechanisms of Population Structuring in Giant Australian Cuttlefish Sepia apama

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 11-03-2013

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0058694

Reply to: Caution over the use of ecological big data for conservation

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 07-07-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41586-021-03464-9

Interpreting diel activity patterns from acoustic telemetry: the need for controls

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 30-11-2010

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS08864

The effect of marine seismic surveys on the movement, abundance and community structure of demersal fish assemblages on the North West Shelf

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.1071/AJ19113

Abstract: In 2018, the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) and its partners, conducted an experiment to investigate the effect of exposure to a 3D seismic survey on demersal fishes. The experiment involved the use of a commercial seismic vessel equipped with a 2600 cubic inch air-gun array, sailing a racetrack pattern with eight operational (high exposure zone) and eight inactive (vessel control zone) sail lines, with a 500 m sequential line separation and ≈18 m shot point spacing. The high exposure and vessel control lines were separated by 35 km. Demersal fishes were observed in five s ling surveys over a 6-month period (three surveys before and two after exposure), using acoustic telemetry and stereo baited remote underwater videos systems (BRUVS). The telemetry component included the capture, tagging with acoustic transmitters and release of 387 red emperor (Lutjanus sebae) within two telemetry receiver arrays. These arrays, one in each zone, comprised 37 and 39 acoustic receivers over ≈32 km2, to record movements of tagged fish. The receivers provided near-continuous data on tag locations, and, hence, movement of fish in the area, until removal in December 2018. During each s ling survey, BRUVS were deployed at various distances from the area of the seismic survey. Study results are currently being finalised for presentation.

Digital smartphone intervention to recognise and manage early warning signs in schizophrenia to prevent relapse: the EMPOWER feasibility cluster RCT

Publisher: National Institute for Health and Care Research

Date: 05-2022

DOI: 10.3310/HLZE0479

Abstract: Relapse is a major determinant of outcome for people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Early warning signs frequently precede relapse. A recent Cochrane Review found low-quality evidence to suggest a positive effect of early warning signs interventions on hospitalisation and relapse. How feasible is a study to investigate the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a digital intervention to recognise and promptly manage early warning signs of relapse in schizophrenia with the aim of preventing relapse? A multicentre, two-arm, parallel-group cluster randomised controlled trial involving eight community mental health services, with 12-month follow-up. Glasgow, UK, and Melbourne, Australia. Service users were aged 16 years and had a schizophrenia spectrum disorder with evidence of a relapse within the previous 2 years. Carers were eligible for inclusion if they were nominated by an eligible service user. The Early signs Monitoring to Prevent relapse in psychosis and prOmote Wellbeing, Engagement, and Recovery (EMPOWER) intervention was designed to enable participants to monitor changes in their well-being daily using a mobile phone, blended with peer support. Clinical triage of changes in well-being that were suggestive of early signs of relapse was enabled through an algorithm that triggered a check-in prompt that informed a relapse prevention pathway, if warranted. The main outcomes were feasibility of the trial and feasibility, acceptability and usability of the intervention, as well as safety and performance. Candidate co-primary outcomes were relapse and fear of relapse. We recruited 86 service users, of whom 73 were randomised (42 to EMPOWER and 31 to treatment as usual). Primary outcome data were collected for 84% of participants at 12 months. Feasibility data for people using the smartphone application (app) suggested that the app was easy to use and had a positive impact on motivations and intentions in relation to mental health. Actual app usage was high, with 91% of users who completed the baseline period meeting our a priori criterion of acceptable engagement ( 33%). The median time to discontinuation of 33% app usage was 32 weeks (95% confidence interval 14 weeks to ∞). There were 8 out of 33 (24%) relapses in the EMPOWER arm and 13 out of 28 (46%) in the treatment-as-usual arm. Fewer participants in the EMPOWER arm had a relapse (relative risk 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.26 to 0.98), and time to first relapse (hazard ratio 0.32, 95% confidence interval 0.14 to 0.74) was longer in the EMPOWER arm than in the treatment-as-usual group. At 12 months, EMPOWER participants were less fearful of having a relapse than those in the treatment-as-usual arm (mean difference –4.29, 95% confidence interval –7.29 to –1.28). EMPOWER was more costly and more effective, resulting in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £3041. This incremental cost-effectiveness ratio would be considered cost-effective when using the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence threshold of £20,000 per quality-adjusted life-year gained. This was a feasibility study and the outcomes detected cannot be taken as evidence of efficacy or effectiveness. A trial of digital technology to monitor early warning signs that blended with peer support and clinical triage to detect and prevent relapse is feasible. A main trial with a s le size of 500 (assuming 90% power and 20% dropout) would detect a clinically meaningful reduction in relapse (relative risk 0.7) and improvement in other variables (effect sizes 0.3–0.4). This trial is registered as ISRCTN99559262. This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment Vol. 26, No. 27. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. Funding in Australia was provided by the National Health and Medical Research Council (APP1095879).

Reproductive strategies and energy sources fuelling reproductive growth in a protracted spawner

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 2016

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-015-2785-7

Examining the functional role of current area closures used for the conservation of an overexploited and highly mobile fishery species

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 08-05-2015

DOI: 10.1093/ICESJMS/FSV079

Abstract: Protecting essential habitats through the implementation of area closures has been recognized as a useful management tool for rebuilding overfished populations and minimizing habitat degradation. School shark (Galeorhinus galeus) have suffered significant stock declines in Australia however, recent stock assessments suggest the population may have stabilized and the protection of closed nursery areas has been identified as a key management strategy to rebuilding their numbers. Young-of-the-year (YOY) and juvenile G. galeus were acoustically tagged and monitored to determine ontogenetic differences in residency and seasonal use of an important protected nursery area (Shark Refuge Area or SRA) in southeastern Tasmania. Both YOY and juvenile G. galeus showed a distinct seasonal pattern of occurrence in the SRA with most departing the area during winter and only a small proportion of YOY (33%) and no juveniles returning the following spring, suggesting areas outside the SRA may also be important during these early life-history stages. While these behaviors confirm SRAs continue to function as essential habitat during G. galeus early life history, evidence of YOY and juveniles emigrating from these areas within their first 1–2 years and the fact that few YOY return suggest that these areas may only afford protection for a more limited amount of time than previously thought. Determining the importance of neighbouring coastal waters and maintaining the use of traditional fisheries management tools are therefore required to ensure effective conservation of G. galeus during early life history.

Site fidelity and sex-specific migration in a mobile apex predator: Implications for conservation and ecosystem dynamics

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2011

DOI: 10.1016/J.ANBEHAV.2011.02.011

Assessing the stock status of holobenthic octopus fisheries: Is catch per unit effort sufficient?

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 16-01-2009

DOI: 10.1093/ICESJMS/FSN224

Abstract: Leporati, S. C., Ziegler, P. E., and Semmens, J. M. 2009. Assessing the stock status of holobenthic octopus fisheries: is catch per unit effort sufficient? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 478–487. Holobenthic and merobenthic octopus fisheries are commonly treated as biological equivalents, regardless of their contrasting life-history strategies. This is the consequence of a lack of species identification and relevant biological information for many species, which has led to a reliance on catch per unit effort (cpue) data for stock status assessments. Using the commercial Octopus pallidus fishery in southeast Australian waters as a case study, the reliability of commercial cpue data as an indicator of stock status for holobenthic octopus fisheries was assessed. To achieve this, cpue and biological information from a fixed position experimental research line were investigated for consistency in stock status patterns and compared with commercial fishery cpue trends. Research line results revealed that cpue could remain stable regardless of size-selective fishing mortality potentially impacting recruitment. The cpue in the commercial fishery was very seasonal and dominated by females during autumn, when both cpue and spawning periods peaked, so increasing the potential for negative fishery impacts on egg production. The inability of cpue to account for the effects of continual fishing pressure on recruitment or seasonal changes in sex-specific catchability, however, indicates that cpue alone cannot provide sufficient information on the status of a holobenthic octopus fishery.

Testing optimal foraging theory models on benthic divers

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 02-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.ANBEHAV.2015.11.028

Functional traits explain trophic allometries of cephalopods

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 28-09-2020

DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13333

Feeding requirements of white sharks may be higher than originally thought

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 18-03-2013

DOI: 10.1038/SREP01471

Abstract: Quantifying the energy requirements of animals in nature is critical for understanding physiological, behavioural and ecosystem ecology however, for difficult-to-study species such as large sharks, prey intake rates are largely unknown. Here, we use metabolic rates derived from swimming speed estimates to suggest that feeding requirements of the world's largest predatory fish, the white shark ( Carcharodon carcharias ), are several times higher than previously proposed. Further, our estimates of feeding frequency identify a clear benefit in seasonal selection of pinniped colonies - a white shark foraging strategy seen across much of their range.

Fine-Scale Movements of the Broadnose Sevengill Shark and Its Main Prey, the Gummy Shark

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 03-12-2010

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0015464

Quantification of the age-pigment lipofuscin in known-age octopus (Octopus pallidus): A potential tool for age determination

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2011

DOI: 10.1016/J.JEMBE.2010.11.010

Observations of marine wildlife tourism effects on a non‐focal species

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 30-07-2017

DOI: 10.1111/JFB.13389

Abstract: A radio-acoustic positioning system was used to assess the effects of shark cage- ing operators (SCDO) on the fine-scale movements of a non-focal species, the smooth stingray Bathytoshia brevicaudata. The results revealed that the time spent in the array was in idually variable, but generally increased when SCDO were present and that the presence of SCDO may have the capacity to elicit changes in the space use of B. brevicaudata. These results indicate that the effects of marine wildlife tourism may extend beyond the focal species of interest.

Role of density in aggregation patterns and synchronization of spawning in the hermaphroditic scallop Pecten fumatus

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 09-10-2014

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-014-2551-2

Application of environmental DNA to detect an endangered marine skate species in the wild

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 07-06-2017

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0178124

Partial female migration and cool-water migration pathways in an overfished shark

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 05-12-2018

DOI: 10.1093/ICESJMS/FSY181

Abstract: Knowledge about reproductive movements can be of important conservation value for over-exploited species that are vulnerable when moving between and within key reproductive habitats. Lack of knowledge persists around such movements in the overfished school shark Galeorhinus galeus in Australia. Management assumes all pregnant females migrate between adult aggregations in the Great Australian Bight, South Australia, and nursery areas around Bass Strait and Tasmania. We tracked 14 late-term pregnant females tagged in South Australia using satellite-linked pop-up archival tags to investigate extent, timing, and routes of migrations. We found partial migration, with some females (n = 7) remaining near aggregating areas throughout the pupping season, some migrating to known nursery areas (n = 3), and one migrating ∼3 000 km to New Zealand. We conclude female movements and pupping habitats are less spatially constrained than assumed and propose females use cool-water routes along the shelf break to reduce energy costs of migration. Migrating females using these routes faced greater fishing pressure than sharks in inshore areas and were not protected by inshore shark fishing closures designed to protect them. This study demonstrates the complexity of reproductive movements that can occur in wide-ranging species and highlights the value of explicit movement data.

Trophic Structure and Diet of Predatory Teleost Fishes in a Tropical Demersal Shelf Ecosystem

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Date: 30-06-2022

DOI: 10.3389/FMARS.2022.871611

Abstract: Predatory fishes are a major component of many tropical fisheries, although little is known about their diet and trophic structure, which can hinder effective management. We used stable isotopes δ 15 N and δ 13 C in conjunction with dietary prey items of five fishes ( Lutjanus sebae , Lethrinus punctulatus , Epinephelus areolatus , Epinephelus multinotatus , and Plectropomus maculatus ) to describe the diet and trophic structure across this assemblage. A total of 153 isotope and 87 stomach content s les were collected at two locations that were ≈30 km apart, over two s ling trips, separated by three months. There was clear separation of species’ mean δ 15 N and δ 13 C values in isotopic space the highest mean δ 15 N was exhibited by E. multinotatus (13.50 ± 0.11 SE) and the lowest was L. punctulatus (11.05 ± 0.13). These two species had the lowest overlap of isotopic niche space, whereas the highest overlap occurred between L. sebae and P. maculatus . δ 15 N increased with fish body size for all species. However, body size was not significantly related to δ 13 C values for any species. There was a notable shift in both δ 15 N and δ 13 C between s ling trips, with δ 13 C being more depleted in the second trip. There was also a difference in δ 13 C between locations for all species, suggesting localised foraging. A multiple tissue comparison for L. sebae indicated positive relationships for both δ 15 N and δ 13 C between dorsal fin and muscle tissue. Mean δ 15 N values were the same for both fin (12.1 ± 0.10 SE) and muscle tissue (12.1 ± 0.09 SE), although δ 13 C was more enriched in fin (-15.6 ± 0.14 SE) compared to muscle tissue (-17.3 ± 0.11 SE). The most common dietary items across species were teleosts and crustaceans, which was consistent with isotope data indicating a reliance on a demersal food web (δ 13 C values ranging from -18 to -15‰). The results from our study indicate a dynamic spatio-temporal trophic structure and diet for commercially important demersal species and highlight the benefits of a multi-facetted s ling approach.

Grow or go? Energetic constraints on shark pup dispersal from pupping areas

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 2021

DOI: 10.1093/CONPHYS/COAB017

Abstract: Many sharks and other marine taxa use natal areas to maximize survival of young, meaning such areas are often attributed conservation value. The use of natal areas is often linked to predator avoidance or food resources. However, energetic constraints that may influence dispersal of young and their use of natal areas are poorly understood. We combined swim-tunnel respirometry, calorimetry, lipid class analysis and a bioenergetics model to investigate how energy demands influence dispersal of young in a globally distributed shark. The school shark (a.k.a. soupfin, tope), Galeorhinus galeus, is Critically Endangered due to overfishing and is one of many sharks that use protected natal areas in Australia. Energy storage in neonate pups was limited by small livers, low overall lipid content and low levels of energy storage lipids (e.g. triacylglycerols) relative to adults, with energy stores sufficient to sustain routine demands for 1.3–4 days (mean ± SD: 2.4 ± 0.8 days). High levels of growth-associated structural lipids (e.g. phospholipids) and high energetic cost of growth suggested large investment in growth during residency in natal areas. Rapid growth (~40% in length) between birth in summer and dispersal in late autumn–winter likely increased survival by reducing predation and improving foraging ability. Delaying dispersal may allow prioritization of growth and may also provide energy savings through improved swimming efficiency and cooler ambient temperatures (daily ration was predicted to fall by around a third in winter). Neonate school sharks are therefore ill-equipped for large-scale dispersal and neonates recorded in the northwest of their Australian distribution are likely born locally, not at known south-eastern pupping areas. This suggests the existence of previously unrecorded school shark pupping areas. Integrated bioenergetic approaches as applied here may help to understand dispersal from natal areas in other taxa, such as teleost fishes, elasmobranchs and invertebrates.

Identifying important species that amplify or mitigate the interactive effects of human impacts on marine food webs

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 25-10-2018

DOI: 10.1111/COBI.13202

Abstract: Some species may have a larger role than others in the transfer of complex effects of multiple human stressors, such as changes in biomass, through marine food webs. We devised a novel approach to identify such species. We constructed annual interaction-effect networks (IENs) of the simulated changes in biomass between species of the southeastern Australian marine system. Each annual IEN was composed of the species linked by either an additive (sum of the in idual stressor response), synergistic (lower biomass compared with additive effects), or antagonistic (greater biomass compared with additive effects) response to the interaction effect of ocean warming, ocean acidification, and fisheries. Structurally, over the simulation period, the number of species and links in the synergistic IENs increased and the network structure became more stable. The stability of the antagonistic IENs decreased and became more vulnerable to the loss of species. In contrast, there was no change in the structural attributes of species linked by an additive response. Using indices common in food-web and network theory, we identified the species in each IEN for which a change in biomass from stressor effects would disproportionately affect the biomass of other species via direct and indirect local, intermediate, and global predator-prey feeding interactions. Knowing the species that transfer the most synergistic or antagonistic responses in a food-web may inform conservation under increasing multiple-stressor impacts.

Physiological mechanisms linking cold acclimation and the poleward distribution limit of a range-extending marine fish

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 2020

DOI: 10.1093/CONPHYS/COAA045

Abstract: Extensions of species’ geographical distributions, or range extensions, are among the primary ecological responses to climate change in the oceans. Considerable variation across the rates at which species’ ranges change with temperature hinders our ability to forecast range extensions based on climate data alone. To better manage the consequences of ongoing and future range extensions for global marine bio ersity, more information is needed on the biological mechanisms that link temperatures to range limits. This is especially important at understudied, low relative temperatures relevant to poleward range extensions, which appear to outpace warm range edge contractions four times over. Here, we capitalized on the ongoing range extension of a teleost predator, the Australasian snapper Chrysophrys auratus, to examine multiple measures of ecologically relevant physiological performance at the population’s poleward range extension front. Swim tunnel respirometry was used to determine how mid-range and poleward range edge winter acclimation temperatures affect metabolic rate, aerobic scope, swimming performance and efficiency and recovery from exercise. Relative to ‘optimal’ mid-range temperature acclimation, subsequent range edge minimum temperature acclimation resulted in absolute aerobic scope decreasing while factorial aerobic scope increased efficiency of swimming increased while maximum sustainable swimming speed decreased and recovery from exercise required a longer duration despite lower oxygen payback. Cold-acclimated swimming faster than 0.9 body lengths sec−1 required a greater proportion of aerobic scope despite decreased cost of transport. Reduced aerobic scope did not account for declines in recovery and lower maximum sustainable swimming speed. These results suggest that while performances decline at range edge minimum temperatures, cold-acclimated snapper are optimized for energy savings and range edge limitation may arise from suboptimal temperature exposure throughout the year rather than acute minimum temperature exposure. We propose incorporating performance data with in situ behaviour and environmental data in bioenergetic models to better understand how thermal tolerance determines range limits.

Identification of essential habitats: Including chimaeras into current shark protected areas

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 06-05-2019

DOI: 10.1002/AQC.3087

Automated acoustic tracking of aquatic animals: Scales, design and deployment of listening station arrays

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2006

DOI: 10.1071/MF05091

Abstract: The recent introduction of low-cost, moored data-logging acoustic receivers has provided opportunities for tracking marine organisms over small (hundreds of metres) and large scales (hundreds of kilometres). Acoustic receivers have been deployed in many different environments to examine specific hypotheses regarding the movement of aquatic species. This technology provides many advantages for studying aquatic animal movement patterns, but also has limitations and provides unique difficulties for users. Study design, applications, advantages and limitations are discussed with ex les from past and current studies. Data management and analysis techniques are in their infancy and few standardised techniques exist. Complications with data management and potential data analysis techniques are discussed. Ex les from the literature are utilised wherever possible to provide useful references.

Reproductive capacity of a marine species (Octopus tetricus) within a recent range extension area

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2015

DOI: 10.1071/MF14126

Abstract: To persist in the face of environmental change, species must adjust to the new conditions or change their geographical distribution, e.g. by range extension. Success for in iduals within a zone of range extension requires the new environment to support their capacity to produce viable gametes and survival of the offspring. Reproductive characteristics of the polewards range-shifting Octopus tetricus were examined within the new range off north-eastern Tasmania, Australia, to assess whether it is likely to successfully establish in this extended area of its range. Approximately 44% of captured males and 14% of captured females were mature. Mature females with developing eggs were found throughout the year. Greater numbers of mature females were observed during the austral summer and spring, whereas mature males were observed all year round. Fecundity was high and developing embryos appeared to be viable. Our results suggest that O. tetricus is successfully reproducing beyond its historical range, the reproductive cycle is timed to favourable environmental conditions, and the population has the potential to be self-sustainable. The reproductive biology of O. tetricus may thus facilitate the establishment and prevalence of the population into new environments beyond the known historical distribution.

The impact of seismic survey exposure on the righting reflex and moult cycle of Southern Rock Lobster (Jasus edwardsii) puerulus larvae and juveniles

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2022

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2022.119699

Abstract: Anthropogenic aquatic noise is recognised as an environmental pollutant with the potential to negatively affect marine organisms. Seismic surveys, used to explore subseafloor oil reserves, are a common source of aquatic noise that have garnered attention due to their intense low frequency inputs and their frequent spatial overlap with coastal fisheries. Commercially important Southern Rock Lobster (Jasus edwardsii) adults have previously shown sensitivity to signals from a single seismic air gun. Here, the sensitivity of J. edwardsii juveniles and puerulus to the signals of a full-scale seismic survey were evaluated to determine if early developmental stages were affected similarly to adults, and the range of impact. To quantify impact, lobster mortality rates, dorsoventral righting reflex and progression through moult cycle were evaluated following exposure. Exposure did not result in mortality in either developmental stage, however, air gun signals caused righting impairment to at least 500 m in lobsters s led immediately following exposure, as had previously been reported in adults with corresponding sensory system damage following exposure. Impairment resulting from close range (0 m) exposure appeared to be persistent, as previously reported in adults, whereas juveniles exposed at a more distant range (500 m) showed recovery, indicating that exposure at a range of 500 m may not cause lasting impairment to righting. Intermoult duration was (time between moults) significantly increased in juveniles exposed at 0 m from the source, indicating the potential for slowed development, growth, and physiological stress. These results demonstrate that exposure to seismic air gun signals have the potential to negatively impact early life history stages of Southern Rock Lobsters. The similarity of both the impacts and the sound exposure levels observed here compared to previous exposure using a single air gun offer validation for the approach, which opens the potential for accessible field-based experimental work into the impact of seismic surveys on marine invertebrates.

Endothermy makes fishes faster but does not expand their thermal niche

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 30-06-2021

DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13869

Abstract: Regional endothermy has evolved several times in marine fishes, and two competing hypotheses are generally proposed to explain the evolutionary drivers behind this trait: thermal niche expansion and elevated cruising speeds. Evidence to support either hypothesis is equivocal, and the ecological advantages conferred by endothermy in fishes remain debated. By compiling published biologging data and collecting precise speed measurements from free‐swimming fishes in the wild, we directly test whether endothermic fishes encounter broader temperature ranges, swim faster or both. Our analyses avoid several complications associated with earlier tests of these hypotheses, as we use precise measurements of the thermal experience and speed of in idual fish. Phylogenetically‐informed analyses of 89 studies reporting temperature ranges encountered by tagged fishes reveal that endotherms do not encounter broader temperature ranges than their ectothermic counterparts. In contrast, speed measurements from 45 in iduals (16 species, of which four were regional endotherms) show that endothermic fishes cruise ~1.6 times faster than ectotherms, after accounting for the influence of body temperature and body mass on speed. Our study shows that regionally endothermic fishes—those with the ability to conserve metabolically derived heat through vascular countercurrent heat exchangers and elevate the temperature of internal tissues—swim at elevated cruising speeds, although not as fast as previously thought. Contrary to previous studies of endothermy's role in thermal niche expansion, our results suggest the significance of endothermy in fishes lies in the advantages it confers to swimming performance rather than facilitating the occupation of broader thermal niches. Given speed's major influence on metabolic rate, our updated speed estimates imply endotherms have lower routine energy requirements than current estimates. Our findings shed light on the evolutionary drivers of regional endothermy in fishes and question the view that the trait confers resilience to climate change through broader thermal tolerance than that of ectotherms. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

Impacts of exposure to a seismic source survey on silverlip pearl oysters (

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 13-05-2022

DOI: 10.1071/AJ21093

Abstract: Between 2018 and 2021, AIMS and its partners conducted a large-scale experiment to investigate the effect of exposure to a 3D seismic survey on pearl oysters. In August 2018, ≈11 000 adult wild silverlip pearl oysters (Pinctada maxima) were collected and attached to bottom culture lines to acclimatise for 1 month at a holding lease site, 40 km off Broome, WA. These oysters were split across rows configured parallel to each other at seven horizontal distances up to 6000 m from a ‘zero line’. In September 2018, we sailed a commercial seismic vessel along one 20 km-long inactive (vessel control) sail line along the zero line, followed by six operational (exposure) sail lines, at increasing distances from the zero line, with each line separated in time by either 12 or 24 h. This design resulted in groups of pearl oysters with 35 different exposure histories (seven distances, five exposure distances) that were then transferred to undergo either lethal biophysical s ling or pearl seeding for a ‘grow-out’ study of pearl production. Biophysical s ling included immunology tests, primarily using flow cytometry and gene expression changes in nacre- and stress-associated genes. Audits of oyster growth and condition were conducted at various time points between the exposure period and harvesting of the seeded oysters. The number and quality of pearls produced by each exposure group was assessed 2 years after exposure (December 2020). The results of these analyses are being finalised for presentation.

Quantitative elemental imaging of octopus stylets using PIXE and the nuclear microprobe

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2008

DOI: 10.1016/J.NIMB.2007.10.027

Assessing the validity of stylets as ageing tools in Octopus pallidus

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 10-2006

DOI: 10.1016/J.JEMBE.2006.06.027

From video recordings to whisker stable isotopes: a critical evaluation of timescale in assessing individual foraging specialisation in Australian fur seals

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 02-08-2015

DOI: 10.1007/S00442-015-3407-2

Abstract: Estimating the degree of in idual specialisation is likely to be sensitive to the methods used, as they record in iduals' resource use over different time-periods. We combined animal-borne video cameras, GPS/TDR loggers and stable isotope values of plasma, red cells and sub-s led whiskers to investigate in idual foraging specialisation in female Australian fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) over various timescales. Combining these methods enabled us to (1) provide quantitative information on in iduals' diet, allowing the identification of prey, (2) infer the temporal consistency of in idual specialisation, and (3) assess how different methods and timescales affect our estimation of the degree of specialisation. Short-term inter-in idual variation in diet was observed in the video data (mean pairwise overlap = 0.60), with the s led population being composed of both generalist and specialist in iduals (nested network). However, the brevity of the temporal window is likely to artificially increase the level of specialisation by not recording the entire diet of seals. Indeed, the correlation in isotopic values was tighter between the red cells and whiskers (mid- to long-term foraging ecology) than between plasma and red cells (short- to mid-term) (R(2) = 0.93-0.73 vs. 0.55-0.41). δ(13)C and δ(15)N values of whiskers confirmed the temporal consistency of in idual specialisation. Variation in isotopic niche was consistent across seasons and years, indicating long-term habitat (WIC/TNW = 0.28) and dietary (WIC/TNW = 0.39) specialisation. The results also highlight time-averaging issues (under-estimation of the degree of specialisation) when calculating in idual specialisation indices over long time-periods, so that no single timescale may provide a complete and accurate picture, emphasising the benefits of using complementary methods.

The effects of cage-diving activities on the fine-scale swimming behaviour and space use of white sharks

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 18-06-2013

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-013-2277-6

Determining effective acoustic array design for monitoring presence of white sharks Carcharodon carcharias in nearshore habitats

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 22-03-2021

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-021-03850-X

Microsatellite DNA markers and morphometrics reveal a complex population structure in a merobenthic octopus species (Octopus maorum) in south-east Australia and New Zealand

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 28-02-2009

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-009-1160-Y

Remote bioenergetics measurements in wild fish: Opportunities and challenges

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.CBPA.2016.03.022

Abstract: The generalized energy budget for fish (i.e., Energy Consumed=Metabolism+Waste+Growth) is as relevant today as when it was first proposed decades ago and serves as a foundational concept in fish biology. Yet, generating accurate measurements of components of the bioenergetics equation in wild fish is a major challenge. How often does a fish eat and what does it consume? How much energy is expended on locomotion? How do human-induced stressors influence energy acquisition and expenditure? Generating answers to these questions is important to fisheries management and to our understanding of adaptation and evolutionary processes. The advent of electronic tags (transmitters and data loggers) has provided biologists with improved opportunities to understand bioenergetics in wild fish. Here, we review the growing ersity of electronic tags with a focus on sensor-equipped devices that are commercially available (e.g., heart rate/electrocardiogram, electromyogram, acceleration, image capture). Next, we discuss each component of the bioenergetics model, recognizing that most research to date has focused on quantifying the activity component of metabolism, and identify ways in which the other, less studied components (e.g., consumption, specific dynamic action component of metabolism, somatic growth, reproductive investment, waste) could be estimated remotely. We conclude with a critical but forward-looking appraisal of the opportunities and challenges in using existing and emerging electronic sensor-tags for the study of fish energetics in the wild. Electronic tagging has become a central and widespread tool in fish ecology and fisheries management the growing and increasingly affordable toolbox of sensor tags will ensure this trend continues, which will lead to major advances in our understanding of fish biology over the coming decades.

Bottom trawl fishing footprints on the world’s continental shelves

Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Date: 08-10-2018

DOI: 10.1073/PNAS.1802379115

Abstract: We conducted a systematic, high-resolution analysis of bottom trawl fishing footprints for 24 regions on continental shelves and slopes of five continents and New Zealand. The proportion of seabed trawled varied -fold among regions (from 0.4 to 80.7% of area to a depth of 1,000 m). Within 18 regions, more than two-thirds of seabed area remained untrawled during study periods of 2–6 years. Relationships between metrics of total trawling activity and footprint were strong and positive, providing a method to estimate trawling footprints for regions where high-resolution data are not available. Trawling footprints were generally smaller in regions where fisheries met targets for exploitation rates, implying collateral environmental benefits of effective fisheries management.

Modelling size-at-age in wild immature female octopus: a bioenergetics approach

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 24-02-2029

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS08035

A multilevel approach to examining cephalopod growth usingOctopus pallidusas a model

Publisher: The Company of Biologists

Date: 15-08-2011

DOI: 10.1242/JEB.051631

Abstract: Many aspects of octopus growth dynamics are poorly understood, particularly in relation to sub-adult or adult growth, muscle fibre dynamics and repro-somatic investment. The growth of 5 month old Octopus pallidus cultured in the laboratory was investigated under three temperature regimes over a 12 week period: seasonally increasing temperatures (14–18°C) seasonally decreasing temperatures (18–14°C) and a constant temperature mid-way between seasonal peaks (16°C). Differences in somatic growth at the whole-animal level, muscle tissue structure and rate of gonad development were investigated. Continuous exponential growth was observed, both at a group and at an in idual level, and there was no detectable effect of temperature on whole-animal growth rate. Juvenile growth rate (from 1 to 156 days) was also monitored prior to the controlled experiment exponential growth was observed, but at a significantly faster rate than in the older experimental animals, suggesting that O. pallidus exhibit a double-exponential two-phase growth pattern. There was considerable variability in size-at-age even between in iduals growing under identical thermal regimes. Animals exposed to seasonally decreasing temperatures exhibited a higher rate of gonad development compared with animals exposed to increasing temperatures however, this did not coincide with a detectable decline in somatic growth rate or mantle condition. The ongoing production of new mitochondria-poor and mitochondria-rich muscle fibres (hyperplasia) was observed, indicated by a decreased or stable mean muscle fibre diameter concurrent with an increase in whole-body size. Animals from both seasonal temperature regimes demonstrated higher rates of new mitochondria-rich fibre generation relative to those from the constant temperature regime, but this difference was not reflected in a difference in growth rate at the whole-body level. This is the first study to record ongoing hyperplasia in the muscle tissue of an octopus species, and provides further insight into the complex growth dynamics of octopus.

Age determination in merobenthic octopuses using stylet increment analysis: assessing future challenges using Macroctopus maorum as a model

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 16-08-2011

DOI: 10.1093/ICESJMS/FSR135

Abstract: Doubleday, Z. A., White, J., Pecl, G. T., and Semmens, J. M. 2011. Age determination in merobenthic octopuses using stylet increment analysis: assessing future challenges using Macroctopus maorum as a model. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 2059–2063. Stylet increment analysis (SIA) is a method recently developed to age octopuses it involves the enumeration of daily growth increments within stylets (an internal shell). To examine the potential of SIA in a merobenthic octopus species, SIA was applied to Macroctopus maorum collected from southeast Australia and New Zealand (n = 147). The stylets had clear concentric growth increments and a core-like region. However, low increment counts (≤224 d) produced non-feasibly high (≤21.7% body weight per day) instantaneous growth rates, based on the assumption that increment number relates to age (d). In the light of these results, the issues surrounding the application of SIA to merobenthic octopuses is discussed, particularly in relation to the lack of understanding in regard to stylet development in the early life history stages and the importance of validating age at first increment formation.

Using Age-Based Life History Data to Investigate the Life Cycle and Vulnerability of Octopus cyanea

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 17-08-2012

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0043679

Lobsters with pre-existing damage to their mechanosensory statocyst organs do not incur further damage from exposure to seismic air gun signals

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 12-2020

DOI: 10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2020.115478

Preparing to launch: biologging reveals the dynamics of white shark breaching behaviour

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 22-06-2019

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-019-3542-0

Ecotourism increases the field metabolic rate of whitetip reef sharks

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 07-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOCON.2016.05.009

A large-scale experiment finds no evidence that a seismic survey impacts a demersal fish fauna

Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Date: 19-07-2021

DOI: 10.1073/PNAS.2100869118

Abstract: Seismic surveys are used to locate deposits of oil and gas in seabeds throughout the world’s oceans. There are conflicting views on the impact of these surveys on fish fauna and whether they harm commercial catches. To resolve this issue, we conducted an experimental seismic survey and monitored the composition, abundance, behavior, and movement of an assemblage of commercially important demersal fishes on a shelf habitat using acoustic telemetry and underwater video. We found that the seismic survey did not alter fish abundance or behavior in multiple before-after-control-impact and dose–response experimental frameworks. Our work may allay some of the concerns of stakeholders about the negative impacts of seismic surveys on demersal fishes in tropical shelf environments.

Cephalopod hatchling growth: the effects of initial size and seasonal temperatures

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 19-12-2006

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-006-0575-Y

Safeguarding marine life: conservation of biodiversity and ecosystems

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 03-2022

DOI: 10.1007/S11160-022-09700-3

Abstract: Marine ecosystems and their associated bio ersity sustain life on Earth and hold intrinsic value. Critical marine ecosystem services include maintenance of global oxygen and carbon cycles, production of food and energy, and sustenance of human wellbeing. However marine ecosystems are swiftly being degraded due to the unsustainable use of marine environments and a rapidly changing climate. The fundamental challenge for the future is therefore to safeguard marine ecosystem bio ersity, function, and adaptive capacity whilst continuing to provide vital resources for the global population. Here, we use foresighting/hindcasting to consider two plausible futures towards 2030: a business-as-usual trajectory (i.e. continuation of current trends), and a more sustainable but technically achievable future in line with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. We identify key drivers that differentiate these alternative futures and use these to develop an action pathway towards the desirable, more sustainable future. Key to achieving the more sustainable future will be establishing integrative (i.e. across jurisdictions and sectors), adaptive management that supports equitable and sustainable stewardship of marine environments. Conserving marine ecosystems will require recalibrating our social, financial, and industrial relationships with the marine environment. While a sustainable future requires long-term planning and commitment beyond 2030, immediate action is needed to avoid tipping points and avert trajectories of ecosystem decline. By acting now to optimise management and protection of marine ecosystems, building upon existing technologies, and conserving the remaining bio ersity, we can create the best opportunity for a sustainable future in 2030 and beyond.

Seasonal occurrence and population structure of the broadnose sevengill shark Notorynchus cepedianus in coastal habitats of south-east Tasmania

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 21-10-2010

DOI: 10.1111/J.1095-8649.2010.02810.X

Abstract: Research longline s ling was conducted seasonally from December 2006 to February 2009 to investigate the occurrence and population structure of the broadnose sevengill shark Notorynchus cepedianus in coastal areas of south-east Tasmania. Notorynchus cepedianus showed a consistent temporal trend in seasonal occurrence in Norfolk Bay characterized by high abundances in summer to near absence in winter. This pattern was less pronounced in the Derwent Estuary, where fish were still caught during winter. The absence of smaller total length (L(T) ) classes (<80 cm) from the catches suggests that N. cepedianus are not using these coastal habitats as nursery areas. Of the 457 in iduals tagged, 68 (15%) were recaptured. Time at liberty ranged from 6 days to almost 4 years and all but one of the recaptures were caught in its original tagging location, suggesting site fidelity. The large number of N. cepedianus in these coastal systems over summer indicates that these areas are important habitats for this species and that N. cepedianus may have a significant influence on community dynamics through both direct and indirect predator-prey interactions.

Population genetics of the endangered Maugean skate (Zearaja maugeana) in Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 30-10-2018

DOI: 10.1007/S10592-018-1117-0

Accelerometry estimates field metabolic rate in giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama during breeding

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 28-09-2010

DOI: 10.1111/J.1365-2656.2010.01758.X

Abstract: 1. Estimating the metabolic rate of animals in nature is central to understanding the physiological, behavioural and evolutionary ecology of animals. Doubly labelled water and heart-rate methods are the most commonly used approaches, but both have limitations that preclude their application to some systems. 2. Accelerometry has emerged as a powerful tool for estimating energy expenditure in a range of animals, but is yet to be used to estimate field metabolic rate in aquatic taxa. We combined two-dimensional accelerometry and swim-tunnel respirometry to estimate patterns of energy expenditure in giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama during breeding. 3. Both oxygen consumption rate (Vo2) and swimming speed showed strong positive associations with body acceleration, with coefficients of determination comparable to those using similar accelerometers on terrestrial vertebrates. Despite increased activity during the day, field metabolic rate rarely approached Vo2, and night-time Vo2 was similar to that at rest. 4. These results are consistent with the life-history strategy of this species, which has a poor capacity to exercise anaerobically, and a mating strategy that is visually based. With the logistical difficulties associated with observation in aquatic environments, accelerometry is likely to prove a valuable tool for estimating energy expenditure in aquatic animals.

Blue blood on ice: modulated blood oxygen transport facilitates cold compensation and eurythermy in an Antarctic octopod

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 11-03-2015

DOI: 10.1186/S12983-015-0097-X

Widely used marine seismic survey air gun operations negatively impact zooplankton

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 22-06-2017

DOI: 10.1038/S41559-017-0195

Abstract: Zooplankton underpin the health and productivity of global marine ecosystems. Here we present evidence that suggests seismic surveys cause significant mortality to zooplankton populations. Seismic surveys are used extensively to explore for petroleum resources using intense, low-frequency, acoustic impulse signals. Experimental air gun signal exposure decreased zooplankton abundance when compared with controls, as measured by sonar (~3-4 dB drop within 15-30 min) and net tows (median 64% decrease within 1 h), and caused a two- to threefold increase in dead adult and larval zooplankton. Impacts were observed out to the maximum 1.2 km range s led, which was more than two orders of magnitude greater than the previously assumed impact range of 10 m. Although no adult krill were present, all larval krill were killed after air gun passage. There is a significant and unacknowledged potential for ocean ecosystem function and productivity to be negatively impacted by present seismic technology.

Elemental uptake via immersion: a mass-marking technique for the early life-history stages of ­cephalopods

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 31-08-2011

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS09235

Normalisation models for accounting for fat content in stable isotope measurements in salmonid muscle tissue

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 08-09-2012

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-011-1789-1

Examining trends in abundance of an overexploited elasmobranch species in a nursery area closure

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2017

DOI: 10.1071/MF17130

Abstract: Determining the dynamics of ecological communities following periods of anthropogenic change is critical to assessing the effectiveness of management strategies. Several coastal areas in south-eastern Australia were proclaimed shark refuge areas (SRAs) following overfishing of the school shark (Galeorhinus galeus) during the 1940s and 1950s. In conjunction with catch reduction measures, these areas provide spatial protection for juvenile G. galeus. In the present study, we compared recent (2012–14) and historic (1991–97) longline catch rates to determine whether young-of-year (YOY) and juvenile G. galeus continue to use these nursery areas (42°47′60.00″S, 147°30′0.00″E). Our data suggest that YOY abundances in the SRAs may have increased, or at least have remained stable, since the 1990s. Data from research fishing conducted from 1947 to 1956 showed that YOY abundance in the SRA correlated well with overall stock abundance in the past. If this relationship still holds, our longline data indicate that the stock may be showing signs of recovery. However, the present-day importance of the SRA to overall stock recruitment, as well as the relationship between YOY abundance in the SRA and stock health, need to be resolved before monitoring of YOY abundance in the SRA can be used as a fisheries-independent stock-assessment tool.

Effects of temperature on energetics and the growth pattern of benthic octopuses

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 13-01-2009

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS07736

Rain reverses diel activity rhythms in an estuarine teleost

Publisher: The Royal Society

Date: 07-01-2013

DOI: 10.1098/RSPB.2012.2363

Abstract: Activity rhythms are ubiquitous in nature, and generally synchronized with the day–night cycle. Several taxa have been shown to switch between nocturnal and diurnal activity in response to environmental variability, and these relatively uncommon switches provide a basis for greater understanding of the mechanisms and adaptive significance of circadian (approx. 24 h) rhythms. Plasticity of activity rhythms has been identified in association with a variety of factors, from changes in predation pressure to an altered nutritional or social status. Here, we report a switch in activity rhythm that is associated with rainfall. Outside periods of rain, the estuarine-associated teleost Acanthopagrus australis was most active and in shallower depths during the day, but this activity and depth pattern was reversed in the days following rain, with diurnality restored as estuarine conductivity and turbidity levels returned to pre-rain levels. Although representing the first ex le of a rain-induced reversal of activity rhythm in an aquatic animal of which we are aware, our results are consistent with established models on the trade-offs between predation risk and foraging efficiency.

Approaches to resolving cephalopod movement and migration patterns

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 16-03-2007

DOI: 10.1007/S11160-007-9048-8

Integrating acoustic telemetry into mark–recapture models to improve the precision of apparent survival and abundance estimates

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 06-03-2015

DOI: 10.1007/S00442-015-3280-Z

Abstract: Capture-mark-recapture models are useful tools for estimating demographic parameters but often result in low precision when recapture rates are low. Low recapture rates are typical in many study systems including fishing-based studies. Incorporating auxiliary data into the models can improve precision and in some cases enable parameter estimation. Here, we present a novel application of acoustic telemetry for the estimation of apparent survival and abundance within capture-mark-recapture analysis using open population models. Our case study is based on simultaneously collecting longline fishing and acoustic telemetry data for a large mobile apex predator, the broadnose sevengill shark (Notorhynchus cepedianus), at a coastal site in Tasmania, Australia. Cormack-Jolly-Seber models showed that longline data alone had very low recapture rates while acoustic telemetry data for the same time period resulted in at least tenfold higher recapture rates. The apparent survival estimates were similar for the two datasets but the acoustic telemetry data showed much greater precision and enabled apparent survival parameter estimation for one dataset, which was inestimable using fishing data alone. Combined acoustic telemetry and longline data were incorporated into Jolly-Seber models using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. Abundance estimates were comparable to those with longline data only however, the inclusion of acoustic telemetry data increased precision in the estimates. We conclude that acoustic telemetry is a useful tool for incorporating in capture-mark-recapture studies in the marine environment. Future studies should consider the application of acoustic telemetry within this framework when setting up the study design and s ling program.

Improving the biological realism of predator–prey size relationships in food web models alters ecosystem dynamics

Publisher: The Royal Society

Date: 10-2023

DOI: 10.1098/RSBL.2023.0142

Use of anthropogenic sea floor structures by Australian fur seals: Potential positive ecological impacts of marine industrial development?

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 07-2015

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0130581

Body Size, Growth and Life Span: Implications for the Polewards Range Shift of Octopus tetricus in South-Eastern Australia

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 04-08-2014

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0103480

Seismic air guns damage rock lobster mechanosensory organs and impair righting reflex

Publisher: The Royal Society

Date: 24-07-2019

DOI: 10.1098/RSPB.2019.1424

Abstract: The effects of anthropogenic aquatic noise on marine invertebrates are poorly understood. We investigated the impact of seismic surveys on the righting reflex and statocyst morphology of the palinurid rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii , using field-based exposure to air gun signals. Following exposure equivalent to a full-scale commercial assay passing within 100–500 m, lobsters showed impaired righting and significant damage to the sensory hairs of the statocyst. Reflex impairment and statocyst damage persisted over the course of the experiments—up to 365 days post-exposure and did not improved following moulting. These results indicate that exposure to air gun signals caused morphological damage to the statocyst of rock lobsters, which can in turn impair complex reflexes. This damage and impairment adds further evidence that anthropogenic aquatic noise has the potential to harm invertebrates, necessitating a better understanding of possible ecological and economic impacts.

Breeding durations as estimators of adult sex ratios and population size

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 29-07-2010

DOI: 10.1007/S00442-010-1729-7

Abstract: Adult sex ratios (ASRs) and population size are two of the most fundamental parameters in population biology, as they are the main determinants of genetic and demographic viability, and vulnerability of a population to stochastic events. Underpinning the application of population viability analysis for predicting the extinction risk of populations is the need to accurately estimate parameters that determine the viability of populations (i.e. the ASR and population size). Here we demonstrate that a lack of temporal information can confound estimation of both parameters. Using acoustic telemetry, we compared differences in breeding durations of both sexes for a giant Australian cuttlefish Sepia apama breeding aggregation to the strongly male-biased operational sex ratio (4:1), in order to estimate the population ASR. The ratio of breeding durations between sexes was equal to the operational sex ratio, suggesting that the ASR is not strongly male-biased, but balanced. Furthermore, the short residence times of in iduals at the breeding aggregation suggests that previous density-based abundance estimates have significantly underestimated population size. With the current wide application of population viability analysis for predicting the extinction risk of populations, tools to improve the accuracy of such predictions are vital. Here we provide a new approach to estimating the fundamental ASR parameter, and call for temporal considerations when estimating population size.

Non-lethal method to obtain stomach samples from a large marine predator and the use of DNA analysis to improve dietary information

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 09-2010

DOI: 10.1016/J.JEMBE.2010.07.022

Scaling of Activity Space in Marine Organisms across Latitudinal Gradients

Publisher: University of Chicago Press

Date: 04-2023

DOI: 10.1086/723405

Stylet elemental signatures indicate population structure in a holobenthic octopus species, Octopus pallidus

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 19-11-2008

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS07722

Predator–prey relationships and foraging ecology of a marine apex predator with a wide temperate distribution

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 14-10-2010

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS08778

Tolerance limit for fish growth exceeded by warming waters

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 17-04-2011

DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1084

Do exotic salmonids feed on native fauna after escaping from aquaculture cages in Tasmania, Australia?

Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing

Date: 09-2011

DOI: 10.1139/F2011-057

Abstract: Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar , and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss , are farmed in Tasmania, Australia, where fish sometimes escape into the natural environment. If escapees are able to survive and feed on native fauna, it is likely that they will have ecosystem impacts. Stomach content, body condition (muscle lipid content and Fulton’ K), stable isotope, and fatty acid analysis were used to determine if escaped salmonids feed on native fauna. Results indicate that, in general, escaped salmonids do not feed on native fauna. Salmonids loose condition after escaping, and escapee stomachs were mostly empty or contained non-nutritious material or feed pellets. Nevertheless, almost a quarter of rainbow trout stomachs contained native fauna. The majority of escapees had biochemical composition similar to caged animals, indicating that these fish had not switched to feed on local food sources. However, a small fraction of escapees conclusively showed changes in biochemical parameters indicative of a shift to feeding on native fauna. Given the numbers and frequency of escapes, this can have an important impact on native species and on the ecology of Macquarie Harbour.

Interacting with wildlife tourism increases activity of white sharks

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 2018

DOI: 10.1093/CONPHYS/COY019

Effects of an Electric Field on White Sharks: In Situ Testing of an Electric Deterrent

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 02-05-2013

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0062730

Global proliferation of cephalopods

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 05-2016

DOI: 10.1016/J.CUB.2016.04.002

Abstract: Human activities have substantially changed the world's oceans in recent decades, altering marine food webs, habitats and biogeochemical processes [1]. Cephalopods (squid, cuttlefish and octopuses) have a unique set of biological traits, including rapid growth, short lifespans and strong life-history plasticity, allowing them to adapt quickly to changing environmental conditions [2-4]. There has been growing speculation that cephalopod populations are proliferating in response to a changing environment, a perception fuelled by increasing trends in cephalopod fisheries catch [4,5]. To investigate long-term trends in cephalopod abundance, we assembled global time-series of cephalopod catch rates (catch per unit of fishing or s ling effort). We show that cephalopod populations have increased over the last six decades, a result that was remarkably consistent across a highly erse set of cephalopod taxa. Positive trends were also evident for both fisheries-dependent and fisheries-independent time-series, suggesting that trends are not solely due to factors associated with developing fisheries. Our results suggest that large-scale, directional processes, common to a range of coastal and oceanic environments, are responsible. This study presents the first evidence that cephalopod populations have increased globally, indicating that these ecologically and commercially important invertebrates may have benefited from a changing ocean environment.

Comparison of population structuring in sympatric octopus species with and without a pelagic larval stage

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 12-07-2013

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS10330

Reply to: Shark mortality cannot be assessed by fishery overlap alone

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 07-07-2021

DOI: 10.1038/S41586-021-03397-3

Application of the Acoustic Propagation Model to a deep‐water cross‐shelf curtain

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 08-06-2017

DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.12806

Habitat Characteristics Predicting Distribution and Abundance Patterns of Scallops in D'Entrecasteaux Channel, Tasmania

Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Date: 13-01-2014

DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0085895

Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology.

Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Date: 19-08-2022

DOI: 10.1126/SCIADV.ABO1754

Abstract: Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and share similar risk to anthropogenic threats that vary on a vertical gradient. We highlight the critical next steps toward incorporating vertical movement into global management and monitoring strategies for elasmobranchs, emphasizing the need to address geographic and taxonomic biases in deployments and to concurrently consider both horizontal and vertical movements.

Simulation-based evaluation of reserve network performance for Centrophorus zeehaani (Centrophoridae): a protected deep-sea gulper shark

Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)

Date: 29-05-2019

DOI: 10.1093/ICESJMS/FSZ087

Abstract: Resource use and conservation objectives can conflict where protected species and commercially fished species occur together. We tested the potential for a previously overfished deep-sea shark (Centrophorus zeehaani) with very low biological productivity to recover in a network of three reserves. An in idual-based simulation model was developed and applied using reproduction and movement data. Without any reserves or reductions in fishing mortality the population will never recover and will fail in 27.9 ± 6.1 years. With three reserves, recovery from 8% of initial numbers to a target of 20% would take 63.1 ± 3.1 years with the network in place. Length of the female cycle, natural mortality, and density dependent female dispersal are uncertain, but could delay recovery time by an additional 16.5, 98.3, or 61.9 years, respectively. Effectiveness of the reserve network was particularly sensitive to location and patchiness of the population. Doubling the size of a reserve where C. zeehaani are abundant would reduce recovery time by 12.5 years halving it would increase recovery time by 12.0 years. Future re-opening of orange roughy fishing in waters deeper than 750 m would delay recovery of C. zeehaani by 45.9 years. The methods developed here can be used to explore co-management options for target species and protected species in fisheries.

Continental‐scale acoustic telemetry and network analysis reveal new insights into stock structure

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 05-05-2021

DOI: 10.1111/FAF.12565

Abstract: Delineation of population structure (i.e. stocks) is crucial to successfully manage exploited species and to address conservation concerns for threatened species. Fish migration and associated movements are key mechanisms through which discrete populations mix and are thus important determinants of population structure. Detailed information on fish migration and movements is becoming more accessible through advances in telemetry and analysis methods however such information is not yet used systematically in stock structure assessment. Here, we described how detections of acoustically tagged fish across a continental‐scale array of underwater acoustic receivers were used to assess stock structure and connectivity in seven teleost and seven shark species and compared to findings from genetic and conventional tagging. Network analysis revealed previously unknown population connections in some species, and in others bolstered support for existing stock discrimination by identifying nodes and routes important for connectivity. Species with less variability in their movements required smaller s le sizes (45–50 in iduals) to reveal useful stock structure information. Our study shows the power of continental‐scale acoustic telemetry networks to detect movements among fishery jurisdictions. We highlight methodological issues that need to be considered in the design of acoustic telemetry studies for investigating stock structure and the interpretation of the resulting data. The advent of broad‐scale acoustic telemetry networks across the globe provides new avenues to understand how movement informs population structure and can lead to improved management.

Hunting behaviour of white sharks recorded by animal-borne accelerometers and cameras

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 04-07-2019

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS12981

Sequential movement into coastal habitats and high spatial overlap of predator and prey suggest high predation pressure in protected areas

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 23-01-2012

DOI: 10.1111/J.1600-0706.2011.20000.X

Understanding octopus growth: patterns, variability and physiology

Publisher: CSIRO Publishing

Date: 2004

DOI: 10.1071/MF03155

Abstract: Octopuses are generally characterised by rapid non-asymptotic growth, with high in idual variability. However, in situ octopus growth is not well understood. The lack of an ageing method has resulted in the majority of our understanding of octopus growth coming from laboratory studies. Despite not being applicable to cephalopods, Modal Progression Analysis (MPA) of length–frequency data is the most common method for examining in situ octopus growth. Recently, counting growth increments in beaks and vestigial shells, and quantifying lipofuscin in brain tissue, have all shown promise for the ageing octopus. Octopuses generally demonstrate two-phase growth in the laboratory, with physiological changes possibly associated with the switch between an initial rapid exponential phase and a slower power growth phase. Temperature and food ration and quality are key factors influencing the initial growth phase. Temperature, however, does not appear to affect the second phase in any consistent way, perhaps because maturity stage can influence the growth response. There may be basic differences in the mechanisms of octopus muscle growth compared with that of other cephalopods. Furthermore, higher relative maintenance energy expenditure, along with the low energy content of their prey, may account for the relatively slow growth of deep-sea octopuses compared to littoral species.

Natural tags reveal populations of Conservation Dependent school shark use different pupping areas

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 12-07-2018

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS12626

Determining the age and growth of wild octopus using stylet increment analysis

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 11-09-2008

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS07558

A new method for resolving uncertainty of energy requirements in large water breathers: the ‘mega‐flume’ seagoing swim‐tunnel respirometer

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 14-03-2015

DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.12358

Use of acoustic telemetry for spatial management of southern calamary Sepioteuthis australis, a highly mobile inshore squid species

Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center

Date: 20-12-2006

DOI: 10.3354/MEPS328001

Reproductive status of Octopus pallidus, and its relationship to age and size

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 05-08-2008

DOI: 10.1007/S00227-008-1033-9

Early life-history processes in benthic octopus: Relationships between temperature, feeding, food conversion, and growth in juvenile Octopus pallidus

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2008

DOI: 10.1016/J.JEMBE.2007.10.008

University Of Aberdeen

Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

View Organisation

Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment And Facilities - Grant ID: LE0237912

Start Date: 2001

End Date: 12-2002

Amount: $200,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP110102065

Start Date: 06-2011

End Date: 06-2014

Amount: $190,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council

Linkage Projects - Grant ID: LP0347556

Start Date: 2003

End Date: 12-2007

Amount: $295,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council