ORCID Profile
0000-0002-8600-5907
Current Organisations
Khoo Teck Puat Hospital
,
Ewha Womans University
,
Macquarie University
,
Kanazawa Daigaku
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Applied Statistics | Condensed Matter Physics | Statistics | Natural Resource Management | Quantum Optics | Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Condensed Matter; Superconductivity | Condensed Matter Modelling and Density Functional Theory | Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
Environmental Management Systems | Expanding Knowledge in the Physical Sciences | Scientific Instruments | Precious (Noble) Metal Ore Exploration | Mining Land and Water Management |
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-03-2019
DOI: 10.3390/ELECTRONICS8040376
Abstract: Smart cities represent a multidiscipline field continuously evolved by the advancement of sensor-based information technology and communication technology [...]
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2007
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0RA04090H
Abstract: Mussel inspired ZIF8 microcarriers with high surface area, biocompatibility, and nanoscale surface roughness are applied to enhance mesenchymal stem cell attachment and proliferation in 3D cell culture.
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2008
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Publisher: The Science and Information Organization
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 1998
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1109/41.824131
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2013
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-08-2021
DOI: 10.3390/S21165554
Abstract: With the advancement of human-computer interaction, robotics, and especially humanoid robots, there is an increasing trend for human-to-human communications over online platforms (e.g., zoom). This has become more significant in recent years due to the Covid-19 pandemic situation. The increased use of online platforms for communication signifies the need to build efficient and more interactive human emotion recognition systems. In a human emotion recognition system, the physiological signals of human beings are collected, analyzed, and processed with the help of dedicated learning techniques and algorithms. With the proliferation of emerging technologies, e.g., the Internet of Things (IoT), future Internet, and artificial intelligence, there is a high demand for building scalable, robust, efficient, and trustworthy human recognition systems. In this paper, we present the development and progress in sensors and technologies to detect human emotions. We review the state-of-the-art sensors used for human emotion recognition and different types of activity monitoring. We present the design challenges and provide practical references of such human emotion recognition systems in the real world. Finally, we discuss the current trends in applications and explore the future research directions to address issues, e.g., scalability, security, trust, privacy, transparency, and decentralization.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2006
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 10-2016
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2005
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2021
Abstract: Deep learning has proved successful in computer-aided detection in interpreting ultrasound images, COVID infections, identifying tumors from computed tomography (CT) scans for humans and animals. This paper proposes applications of deep learning in detecting cancerous cells inside patients via laparoscopic camera on da Vinci Xi surgical robots. The paper presents method for detecting tumor via object detection and classification/localizing using GRAD-CAM. Localization means heat map is drawn on the image highlighting the classified class. Analyzing images collected from publicly available partial robotic nephrectomy videos, for object detection, the final mAP was 0.974 and for classification the accuracy was 0.84.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2019
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-02-2015
DOI: 10.1007/S10916-015-0206-6
Abstract: In this article, a smart wireless sensing non-invasive system for estimating the amount of fluid loss, a person experiences while physical activity is presented. The system measures three external body parameters, Heart Rate, Galvanic Skin Response (GSR, or skin conductance), and Skin Temperature. These three parameters are entered into an empirically derived formula along with the user's body mass index, and estimation for the amount of fluid lost is determined. The core benefit of the developed system is the affluence usage in combining with smart home monitoring systems to care elderly people in ambient assisted living environments as well in automobiles to monitor the body parameters of a motorist.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2020
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 13-10-2022
DOI: 10.1186/S12938-022-01031-5
Abstract: Capacitively coupled electrode (CC electrode), as a non-contact and unobtrusive technology for measuring physiological signals, has been widely applied in sleep monitoring scenarios. The most common implementation is capacitive electrocardiogram (cECG) that could provide useful clinical information for assessing cardiac function and detecting cardiovascular diseases. In the current study, we sought to explore another potential application of cECG in sleep monitoring, i.e., sleep postures recognition. Two sets of experiments, the short-term experiment, and the overnight experiment, were conducted. The cECG signals were measured by a smart mattress based on flexible CC electrodes and sleep postures were recorded simultaneously. Then, a classifier model based on a deep recurrent neural network (RNN) was proposed to distinguish sleep postures (supine, left lateral and right lateral). To verify the reliability of the proposed model, leave-one-subject-out cross-validation was introduced. In the short-term experiment, the overall accuracy of 96.2% was achieved based on 30-s segment, while the overall accuracy was 88.8% using one heart beat segment. For the unconstrained overnight experiment, the accuracy of 91.0% was achieved based on 30-s segment, while the accuracy was 81.4% using one heart beat segment. The results suggest that cECG could render valuable information about sleep postures detection and potentially be helpful for sleep disorder diagnosis.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-06-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-08-2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2016
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-08-0005
Abstract: Delivery drones typically perform delivery by suspending the parcel vertically or landing the drone to drop off the package. However, because of the constrained landing area and the requirement for precise navigation, delivering items to customers who reside in multi-story apartment complexes poses a unique challenge. This research paper proposes a novel drone delivery system for multi-story apartment buildings with balconies that employ two methods for Vertical Grid Screening (VGS), i.e., Grid Screening (GS) and Square Screening (SS), to detect unique markers to identify the precise balcony that needs to receive the product. The developed drone has a frame size of 295 mm and is equipped with a stereo camera and a ranging sensor. The research paper also explores the scanning and trajectory methods required for autonomous flight to accurately approach the marker location. The proposed machine learning system is trained on a YOLOv5 model for image recognition of the marker, and four different models and batch sizes are compared. The 32-batch size with a 960 × 1280 resolution model provides an average of 0.97 confidence for an extended range. This system is tested outdoors and shows an accuracy of 95% for a planned trajectory with 398 ms detection time as a solution for last-mile delivery in urban areas.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 1997
DOI: 10.1109/20.617949
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2014
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 08-07-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22145137
Abstract: This paper presents a substantial review of the deployment of wearable sensors for healthcare applications. Wearable sensors hold a pivotal position in the microelectronics industry due to their role in monitoring physiological movements and signals. Sensors designed and developed using a wide range of fabrication techniques have been integrated with communication modules for transceiving signals. This paper highlights the entire chronology of wearable sensors in the biomedical sector, starting from their fabrication in a controlled environment to their integration with signal-conditioning circuits for application purposes. It also highlights sensing products that are currently available on the market for a comparative study of their performances. The conjugation of the sensing prototypes with the Internet of Things (IoT) for forming fully functioning sensorized systems is also shown here. Finally, some of the challenges existing within the current wearable systems are shown, along with possible remedies.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2014
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-10-2020
DOI: 10.3390/S20205897
Abstract: There has been a tremendous growth in the number of smart devices and their applications (e.g., smart sensors, wearable devices, smart phones, smart cars, etc.) in use in our everyday lives. This is accompanied by a new form of interconnection between the physical and digital worlds, commonly known as the Internet of Things (IoT). This is a paradigm shift, where anything and everything can be interconnected via a communication medium. In such systems, security is a prime concern and protecting the resources (e.g., applications and services) from unauthorized access needs appropriately designed security and privacy solutions. Building secure systems for the IoT can only be achieved through a thorough understanding of the particular needs of such systems. The state of the art is lacking a systematic analysis of the security requirements for the IoT. Motivated by this, in this paper, we present a systematic approach to understand the security requirements for the IoT, which will help designing secure IoT systems for the future. In developing these requirements, we provide different scenarios and outline potential threats and attacks within the IoT. Based on the characteristics of the IoT, we group the possible threats and attacks into five areas, namely communications, device/services, users, mobility and integration of resources. We then examine the existing security requirements for IoT presented in the literature and detail our approach for security requirements for the IoT. We argue that by adhering to the proposed requirements, an IoT system can be designed securely by achieving much of the promised benefits of scalability, usability, connectivity, and flexibility in a practical and comprehensive manner.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2006
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2011
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-10-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2007
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2014
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-06-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22124461
Abstract: A circularly polarized (CP) multi-input multioutput (MIMO) dielectric resonator (DR) antenna (DRA) with compact size and four ports is implemented. CP radiation was achieved using the deformed DR geometry excited with aperture coupled feeding. A CPDRA with a single and two ports is investigated. The defected ground structure (DGS) was incorporated into the antenna for improving the isolation between the ports. The DGS was incorporated in such a way that the required phase difference between the generated orthogonal degenerate modes is preserved. This concept could be utilized in implementing a compact four-port CP antenna. The MIMO antenna provides a 10 dB impedance bandwidth of 38% (8.5–12.5 GHz) and a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 9.32% (9.2–10.1 GHz). The gain of the implemented antenna was around 6 dBi in the band where CP radiation was achieved. The MIMO performance parameters were calculated, and their values remained within the acceptable limits. The implemented antenna could suitably be used in X-band applications.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 08-2015
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2006
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-05-2023
DOI: 10.3390/S23115206
Abstract: As the global population grows, and urbanization becomes more prevalent, cities often struggle to provide convenient, secure, and sustainable lifestyles due to the lack of necessary smart technologies. Fortunately, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a solution to this challenge by connecting physical objects using electronics, sensors, software, and communication networks. This has transformed smart city infrastructures, introducing various technologies that enhance sustainability, productivity, and comfort for urban dwellers. By leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) to analyze the vast amount of IoT data available, new opportunities are emerging to design and manage futuristic smart cities. In this review article, we provide an overview of smart cities, defining their characteristics and exploring the architecture of IoT. A detailed analysis of various wireless communication technologies employed in smart city applications is presented, with extensive research conducted to determine the most appropriate communication technologies for specific use cases. The article also sheds light on different AI algorithms and their suitability for smart city applications. Furthermore, the integration of IoT and AI in smart city scenarios is discussed, emphasizing the potential contributions of 5G networks coupled with AI in advancing modern urban environments. This article contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the tremendous opportunities presented by integrating IoT and AI, paving the way for the development of smart cities that significantly enhance the quality of life for urban dwellers while promoting sustainability and productivity. By exploring the potential of IoT, AI, and their integration, this review article provides valuable insights into the future of smart cities, demonstrating how these technologies can positively impact urban environments and the well-being of their inhabitants.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-06-2016
DOI: 10.3390/S16070976
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2006
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: No publisher found
Date: 2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2020
Abstract: A descriptive guide to develop smart sensor nodes for Internet of Things (IoT) application has been presented in the paper. The current technology of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) which transmits data with low power consumption over a wide area has been illustrated in the scope of this project. An overview of the transition of IoT devices from a limited range personal area network to wide area network is justified. A sensor node has been developed and tested to validate the implementation of a LoRa network, which can be an exemplar for sensor nodes for various applications.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2020
Abstract: A vehicle capable of using sensors to detect and control its driving actions is called an autonomous vehicle. The development of autonomous vehicles caters to many application areas in the technological advancement of society. This research paper shows a demonstration and implementation of an autonomous vehicle based on a convolutional neural network. The vehicle uses a 1/10th scale RC car as its primary base for the system control with the camera as its primary input. For the computing platform, a Raspberry Pi 4 microprocessor board is used. To enhance the capabilities, the ultrasonic sensor has been implemented in the system as well. The unique aspect of this project is the system design, the CAD modeling, and the track built used to train and test the self-driving capability of the car. The CNN model and the software algorithm also are exclusive to this research project. This research has potential in a variety of application areas in education and also for robotics and autonomous car enthusiasts.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 28-10-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-07-2022
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 28-10-2016
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 29-08-2012
DOI: 10.5402/2012/327296
Abstract: This paper provides a new approach to maximize the amount of power generated by the switched reluctance generator (SRG) in the low and medium speed operations. There are many control variables which affect the power generated such as: firing angles, reference current, speed and voltage. It will incur high costs and time consuming to modify the variables using experimental set up. Hence, to minimize time, cost and aid in the manufacturing industry, a simulation model of the overall SRG drive is developed. The objective of the work is to identify the optimal parameters and characterize them under closed loop control. The study indicates that there is an optimal voltage, firing angles and reference current at each speed range. Also, the percentage of the power generated can be categorized as a function of dwell angle and speed at optimal voltage level. The optimal dwell angle is determined using the least square method. Within the closed loop system, the high percentage of power generated can be maintained by adjusting the voltage level. It allows operation in single pulse mode as opposed to the conventional current chopping during the low and medium speed.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2006
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2017
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2002
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 2002
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-05-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2016
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-08-2017
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 29-05-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2010
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology
Date: 25-09-2019
DOI: 10.1049/PBCE122E
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 15-09-2020
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-11-2020
DOI: 10.1002/MDS3.10133
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 31-08-2022
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 07-2002
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2016
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 29-11-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 05-08-2023
DOI: 10.3390/APP13158987
Abstract: This paper presents an experimental characterization of the proposed radio link model for an underground mine sensor network. Power efficiency and range are critical factors to consider when designing a wireless sensor network, particularly for low data rate applications where the goal is to have a long-lasting, low-maintenance network. A ‘deploy and forget’ strategy is desirable because it allows the network to operate autonomously without requiring frequent maintenance or intervention from network operators. DASH7 and IEEE 802.15.4f are both excellent choices for low-power, long-range wireless sensor networking applications. The proposed radio link model was developed and evaluated for 433 MHz DASH7 in underground mines, considering the practical electromagnetic properties of mine walls and the propagation medium, which helps in calculating accurate signal characteristics. Radio wave propagation is a critical factor that needs to be considered when designing a wireless sensor network for complex mine structures. The received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and packet error rate (PER) are two key parameters that are used to measure wave propagation and assess the quality of the radio link between sensor nodes. The radio link design has been optimized for complex mine structures by utilizing these parameters in a model, leading to improved performance and reliability. The measurements were carried out in the world’s second largest salt mine at Khewra, Pakistan, with representative irregular mine structures. The RSSI and PER were measured at different node positions and with variable separation between the nodes. The proposed model allows for the easy placement of nodes on either the rooftop or near the side walls of the mine corridors, with an average variation of 6% in RSSI and 1.9% in PER. The proposed model was validated using off-the-shelf wizzi sensor nodes received from Wizzi Lab, France, and was programmed to measure RSSI and PER while operating under the 433 MHz DASH7 protocol. An agreement between modeled and measured parameters has been noted, making the proposed model a decent method for efficient node deployment in underground mine sensor networks.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 10-2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2014
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-02-2018
DOI: 10.3390/JSAN7010010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 31-10-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 10-2015
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-03-2017
DOI: 10.3390/S17030607
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2014
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2009
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-03-2023
DOI: 10.3390/JSAN12020025
Abstract: The advancement of sensing technologies, embedded systems, wireless communication technologies, nanomaterials, miniaturization, vision sensing and processing speed have made it possible to develop smart technologies that can generate data seamlessly [...]
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 21-07-2022
DOI: 10.3390/BIOS12070551
Abstract: The release of chemicals and microorganisms from various sources, such as industry, agriculture, animal farming, wastewater treatment plants, and flooding, into water systems have caused water pollution in several parts of our world, endangering aquatic ecosystems and in idual health. World Health Organization (WHO) has introduced strict standards for the maximum concentration limits for nutrients and chemicals in drinking water, surface water, and groundwater. It is crucial to have rapid, sensitive, and reliable analytical detection systems to monitor the pollution level regularly and meet the standard limit. Electrochemical biosensors are advantageous analytical devices or tools that convert a bio-signal by biorecognition elements into a significant electrical response. Thanks to the micro/nano fabrication techniques, electrochemical biosensors for sensitive, continuous, and real-time detection have attracted increasing attention among researchers and users worldwide. These devices take advantage of easy operation, portability, and rapid response. They can also be miniaturized, have a long-life span and a quick response time, and possess high sensitivity and selectivity and can be considered as portable biosensing assays. They are of special importance due to their great advantages such as affordability, simplicity, portability, and ability to detect at on-site. This review paper is concerned with the basic concepts of electrochemical biosensors and their applications in various water quality monitoring, such as inorganic chemicals, nutrients, microorganisms' pollution, and organic pollutants, especially for developing real-time/online detection systems. The basic concepts of electrochemical biosensors, different surface modification techniques, bio-recognition elements (BRE), detection methods, and specific real-time water quality monitoring applications are reviewed thoroughly in this article.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 18-01-2023
DOI: 10.1177/09544119221149119
Abstract: Extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) may be performed with a standalone interbody cage, or with the addition of unilateral or bilateral pedicle screws however, decisions regarding supplemental fixation are predominantly based on clinical indicators. This study examines the impact of posterior supplemental fixation on facet micromotions, cage loads and load-patterns at adjacent levels in a L4-L5 XLIF at early and late fusion stages. CT data from an asymptomatic subject were segmented into anatomical regions and digitally stitched into a surface mesh of the lumbosacral spine (L1-S1). The interbody cage and posterior instrumentation (unilateral and bilateral) were inserted at L4-L5. The volumetric mesh was imported into finite element software for pre-processing, running nonlinear static solves and post-processing. Loads and micromotions at the index-level facets reduced commensurately with the extent of posterior fixation accompanying the XLIF, while load-pattern changes observed at adjacent facets may be anatomically dependent. In flexion at partial fusion, compressive stress on the cage reduced by 54% and 72% in unilateral and bilateral models respectively in extension the reductions were 58% and 75% compared to standalone XLIF. A similar pattern was observed at full fusion. Unilateral fixation provided similar stability compared to bilateral, however there was a reduction in cage stress-risers with the bilateral instrumentation. No changes were found at adjacent discs. Posterior supplemental fixation alters biomechanics at the index and adjacent levels in a manner that warrants consideration alongside clinical information. Unilateral instrumentation is a more efficient option where the stability requirements and subsidence risk are not excessive.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-05-2023
DOI: 10.3390/JSAN12030042
Abstract: The current work is an illustration of an empirical investigation conducted on a pharmaceutical water treatment plant that subsequently proposes potential ICT implications for optimizing the plant’s conventional operating procedures and improving production efficiency. Typically, the pilot plant incorporates a standard infrastructure for maintaining quality and production goals. In the study, a schematic of the reverse osmosis section of the pilot treatment plant was developed. A mathematical modeling and process simulation approach was adopted to carry out the linear process investigation and validation of key performance parameters. The study’s findings reveal that the performance and lifecycle of the RO treatment unit are primarily determined via the structured pre-treatment filtering procedures, including critical parameters such as volumetric flowrate, solute concentrations, and differential pressure across the membrane. These operational parameters were also found to be instrumental in increasing plant production and improving equipment efficiency. Based on our results, the study proposes cost-effective ICT implications for plant managers through which pilot organization can substantially save on their annual water and energy consumption.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-11-2021
DOI: 10.3390/ELECTRONICS10222870
Abstract: A simple and compact antenna with a switchable beam for millimeter-wave communication is proposed in this paper. The antenna has a planar structure, and the design evolution is discussed. The beam switching functionality was achieved by incorporating two PIN diodes in the ground plane of the antenna. By switching ON either of the PIN diodes, the inverted L-shaped stub becomes connected to the ground plane and behaves as a cavity, which causes the dispersion of the radiation pattern. Therefore, a wide-angle (±18∘) beam-switching property can be achieved using a simple and low-cost technique, without the necessity to implement additional conventional circuits. The proposed antenna is characterized by a good performance in terms of return loss, bandwidth, measured gain up to 7.95 dB, and radiation efficiency up to 84%, making it a proper candidate for IoT technology and millimeter-wave 5G devices.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1109/20.908944
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 1999
DOI: 10.1109/20.800577
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 31-10-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2008
DOI: 10.1109/SUTC.2008.83
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-01-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22020608
Abstract: Nowadays, there is tremendous growth in the Internet of Things (IoT) applications in our everyday lives. The proliferation of smart devices, sensors technology, and the Internet makes it possible to communicate between the digital and physical world seamlessly for distributed data collection, communication, and processing of several applications dynamically. However, it is a challenging task to monitor and track objects in real-time due to the distinct characteristics of the IoT system, e.g., scalability, mobility, and resource-limited nature of the devices. In this paper, we address the significant issue of IoT object tracking in real time. We propose a system called ‘TrackInk’ to demonstrate our idea. TrackInk will be capable of pointing toward and taking pictures of visible satellites in the night sky, including but not limited to the International Space Station (ISS) or the moon. Data will be collected from sensors to determine the system’s geographical location along with its 3D orientation, allowing for the system to be moved. Additionally, TrackInk will communicate with and send data to ThingSpeak for further cloud-based systems and data analysis. Our proposed system is lightweight, highly scalable, and performs efficiently in a resource-limited environment. We discuss a detailed system’s architecture and show the performance results using a real-world hardware-based experimental setup.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-07-2018
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2003
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-10-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET)
Date: 1999
Publisher: Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.
Date: 2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2003
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 29-07-2016
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 20-03-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2015
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 05-2007
DOI: 10.1524/TEME.2007.74.5.290
Abstract: Inspection and evaluation of conducting, magnetic and dielectric properties of materials without destroying them is very useful in industries. This paper has reported planar electromagnetic sensors, (i) meander, (ii) mesh and (iii) interdigital configuration for nondestructive applications. The characterization of three types of planar sensors has been studied and comparative performance has been evaluated based on their areas of applications and results are presented here.
Publisher: Institution of Engineering and Technology
Date: 25-09-2019
DOI: 10.1049/PBCE122E_CH7
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2014
DOI: 10.1109/MIS.2014.16
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2002
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 23-07-2023
Publisher: University of Illinois Libraries
Date: 07-11-2022
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the challenges and deadly consequences of misinformation circulating across digital platforms. Wikipedia is emerging from that communication crisis as both an effective information site, as well as offering wider lessons for the Internet age derived from the editorial structure that it has created. While Facebook, YouTube and Twitter struggled during the pandemic to contain the spread of misinformation, Wikipedia has shown itself to be a nimble, independent publisher, able to block erroneous content and provide rigorous health information, referenced to credible sources. The ‘anyone-can-edit’ site, is powered by a global community of volunteers, who collectively determine its policies and content, as well as policing the site. In the pandemic’s first year, 97,000 Wikipedia editors collaborated on 6,950 COVID-19 related articles in 188 languages, which were read more than 653 million times. This paper investigates the editorial framework developed by the Wikipedia community, and identifies three key factors as proving successful in the fight against medical misinformation in a global pandemic — the editors, their sources and the technological affordances of the platform.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 08-2006
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 21-09-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 26-02-2018
DOI: 10.3390/S18030694
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 2008
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2014
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 08-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-11-2020
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-2080-3.CH014
Abstract: The chapter presents the design and development of very low cost planar sensors and sensing systems for measuring fat contents in meat, leather quality assessment, food quality, and biomedical application such as cancer detection, agriculture, and RFID based detection systems. The sensors comprise planar passive microwave integrated circuits in the forms of microstrip meander lines, mesh and inter-digital capacitance. The sensors are excited with voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs) and power supply units. A data acquisition system based on a microcontroller and an op- based interfacing circuits complete the sensing system. The results of various characteristics parameters of s les are presented and compared with the results from expensive conventional measurement set up. These low cost sensors bring benefits in the sensing technology with novel and accurate concepts.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-09-2022
DOI: 10.1002/JOR.25166
Abstract: Extreme lateral interbody fusion allows for the insertion of a large‐footprint interbody cage while maintaining the presence of natural stabilizing ligaments and the facets. It is unclear how the load‐distribution mechanisms through these structures alter with temporal changes in the bone graft. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of temporal bone graft changes on load distribution among the cage, graft, and surrounding spinal structures using finite element analysis. Thoracolumbosacral spine computed tomography data from an asymptomatic male subject were segmented into anatomical regions of interest and digitally stitched to generate a surface mesh of the lumbar spine (L1‐S1). The interbody cage was inserted into the L4‐L5 region during surface meshing. A volumetric mesh was generated and imported into finite element software for pre‐processing, running nonlinear static solves, and post‐processing. Temporal stiffening was simulated in the graft region with unbonded (Soft Callus, Temporal Stages 1–3, Solid Graft) and bonded (Partial Fusion, Full Fusion) contact. In flexion and extension, cage stress reduced by 20% from the soft callus to solid graft state. Force on the graft was directly related to its stiffness, and load‐share between the cage and graft improved with increasing graft stiffness, regardless of whether contact was fused with the endplates. Fused contact between the cage‐graft complex and the adjacent endplates shifted load‐distribution pathways from the ligaments and facets to the implant, however, these changes did not extend to adjacent levels. These results suggest that once complete fusion is achieved, the existing load paths are seemingly diminished.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 10-2005
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2010
Publisher: The Science and Information Organization
Date: 2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2009
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2012
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 25-03-2019
DOI: 10.3390/S19061462
Abstract: This paper provides a substantial review of some of the significant research done on the fabrication and implementation of laser-assisted printed flexible sensors. In recent times, using laser cutting to develop printed flexible sensors has become a popular technique due to advantages such as the low cost of production, easy s le preparation, the ability to process a range of raw materials, and its usability for different functionalities. Different kinds of laser cutters are now available that work on s les very precisely via the available laser parameters. Thus, laser-cutting techniques provide huge scope for the development of prototypes with a varied range of sizes and dimensions. Meanwhile, researchers have been constantly working on the types of materials that can be processed, in idually or in conjugation with one another, to form s les for laser-ablation. Some of the laser-printed techniques that are commonly considered for fabricating flexible sensors, which are discussed in this paper, include nanocomposite-based, laser-ablated, and 3D-printing. The developed sensors have been used for a range of applications, such as electrochemical and strain-sensing purposes. The challenges faced by the current printed flexible sensors, along with a market survey, are also outlined in this paper.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-11-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 23-07-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2015
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-1998
DOI: 10.1109/20.706789
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-11-2017
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 29-07-2016
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-1998
DOI: 10.1109/20.706787
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2005
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 29-07-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-07-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2000
DOI: 10.1109/20.908900
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2014
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland
Date: 2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 08-2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-05-2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-07-2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2023
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2020
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.BIOS.2014.08.050
Abstract: Reported research work presents real time non-invasive detection of phthalates in spiked aqueous s les by employing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique incorporating a novel interdigital capacitive sensor with multiple sensing thin film gold micro-electrodes fabricated on native silicon dioxide layer grown on semiconducting single crystal silicon wafer. The sensing surface was functionalized by a self-assembled monolayer of 3-aminopropyltrietoxysilane (APTES) with embedded molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) to introduce selectivity for the di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) molecule. Various concentrations (1-100 ppm) of DEHP in deionized MilliQ water were tested using the functionalized sensing surface to capture the analyte. Frequency response analyzer (FRA) algorithm was used to obtain impedance spectra so as to determine s le conductance and capacitance for evaluation of phthalate concentration in the s le solution. Spectrum analysis algorithm interpreted the experimentally obtained impedance spectra by applying complex nonlinear least square (CNLS) curve fitting in order to obtain electrochemical equivalent circuit and corresponding circuit parameters describing the kinetics of the electrochemical cell. Principal component analysis was applied to deduce the effects of surface immobilized molecular imprinted polymer layer on the evaluated circuit parameters and its electrical response. The results obtained by the testing system were validated using commercially available high performance liquid chromatography diode array detector system.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2005
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2012
DOI: 10.1109/IE.2012.49
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2007
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2002
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 15-09-2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 16-02-2023
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2017
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2009
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2017
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-02-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2015
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 02-2009
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2005
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-07-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22155508
Abstract: This paper presents a new water-level-sensing mechanism based on planar coils fabricated on a printed circuit board (PCB). In addition to level, the sensor detects any relative increase in conductivity compared to that of clean water, which is an indicator of its quality. The sensing mechanism utilizes the eddy current induced in the water column, the corresponding change in the coil inductance, and the change in the turn-to-turn capacitance of the coil in the presence of water. Although several level sensors are available, there is none that gives the level and quality information using a single sensing element. Since both water quantity and quality measurements are fundamental in realizing efficient water and wastewater management, obtaining these two parameters from the same sensor is very beneficial. A scalable, planar coil-based sensor that helps achieve this goal is designed, fabricated, and tested in a laboratory setting. The results illustrate that the reactance of the sensor coil measured at a frequency (1 kHz for the prototype) much lower than the self-resonance of the coil gives reliable information about the level of water, while the measurement made at resonance, using an inductance-to-digital converter, is a clear indicator of its conductivity and, hence, quality.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 09-2010
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2007
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2018
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2005
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-09-2022
DOI: 10.3390/EN15196976
Abstract: This paper presents an efficient and fast fault-tolerant control scheme for a bidirectional Z-source inverter (BiZSI)-fed induction-motor drive system for vehicular applications. The proposed strategy aims for the fault detection, localization and diagnosis of the proposed system during switch failures in the inverter module. Generally, power–semiconductor switch failures in inverter modules occur due to open- and short-circuit faults. An efficient modulation scheme is proposed and design specifications are thoroughly derived to obtain high voltage gains across the BiZSI network. A suitably fast detection and diagnosis scheme to isolate the faulty leg and resume the normal operation is discussed in this paper. The control scheme is provided such that the faulty leg is isolated and the motor phase is fed from a redundant leg to resume the operation. A feasible localization algorithm based on experimentally derived values and switching vectors is implemented. In addition, a fast fault diagnosis method based on current estimation and motor speed variation is designed and implemented. Moreover, the most important advantages of the proposed strategy include lower hardware requirements and less harmonic distortion in the output currents. Finally, the simulation and experimental results are presented to validate the feasibility of the theoretical analysis. An extensive performance evaluation of the proposed system with fault ride-through capabilities is performed to prove its suitability for vehicular applications. To validate its merits, the proposed strategy is compared with similar fault-tolerant schemes currently used in the industry.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-02-2021
DOI: 10.3390/ELECTRONICS10040405
Abstract: In this paper, an end-fire antenna for 28 GHz broadband communications is proposed with its multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) configuration for pattern ersity applications in 5G communication systems and the Internet of Things (IoT). The antenna comprises a simple geometrical structure inspired by a conventional planar helical antenna without utilizing any vias. The presented antenna is printed on both sides of a very thin high-frequency substrate (Rogers RO4003, εr = 3.38) with a thickness of 0.203 mm. Moreover, its MIMO configuration is characterized by reasonable gain, high isolation, good envelope correlation coefficient, broad bandwidth, and high ersity gain. To verify the performance of the proposed antenna, it was fabricated and verified by experimental measurements. Notably, the antenna offers a wide −10 dB measured impedance ranging from 26.25 GHz to 30.14 GHz, covering the frequency band allocated for 5G communication systems with a measured peak gain of 5.83 dB. Furthermore, a performance comparison with the state-of-the-art mm-wave end-fire antennas in terms of operational bandwidth, electrical size, and various MIMO performance parameters shows the worth of the proposed work.
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 04-2016
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 15-11-2016
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 15-11-2016
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-07-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2005
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 08-2019
DOI: 10.3390/S19153374
Abstract: An Internet of Things (IoT) enabled intelligent sensor node has been designed and developed for smart city applications. The fabricated sensor nodes count the number of pedestrians, their direction of travel along with some ambient parameters. The Field of View (FoV) of Fresnel lens of commercially available passive infrared (PIR) sensors has been specially tuned to monitor the movements of only humans and no other domestic animals such as dogs, cats etc. The ambient parameters include temperature, humidity, pressure, Carbon di Oxide (CO2) and total volatile organic component (TVOC). The monitored data are uploaded to the Internet server through the Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) communication system. An intelligent algorithm has been developed to achieve an accuracy of 95% for the pedestrian count. There are a total of 74 sensor nodes that have been installed around Macquarie University and continued working for the last six months.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2017
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-10-2022
DOI: 10.3390/S22218143
Abstract: The proliferation of sensors to capture parametric measures or event data over a myriad of networking topologies is growing exponentially to improve our daily lives. Large amounts of data must be shared on constrained network infrastructure, increasing delays and loss of valuable real-time information. Our research presents a solution for the health, security, safety, and fire domains to obtain temporally synchronous, credible and high-resolution data from sensors to maintain the temporal hierarchy of reported events. We developed a multisensor fusion framework with energy conservation via domain-specific “wake up” triggers that turn on low-power model-driven microcontrollers using machine learning (TinyML) models. We investigated optimisation techniques using anomaly detection modes to deliver real-time insights in demanding life-saving situations. Using energy-efficient methods to analyse sensor data at the point of creation, we facilitated a pathway to provide sensor customisation at the “edge”, where and when it is most needed. We present the application and generalised results in a real-life health care scenario and explain its application and benefits in other named researched domains.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-08-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2022
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 26-06-2015
DOI: 10.3390/S150715067
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-3682-8.CH007
Abstract: Sensors are increasingly being employed to determine different activities of a person living at home. Numerous sensors can be used to obtain a variety of information. While many sensors may be used to make a system, it is important to look into the availability, cost, installation, mechanism, and performance of sensors. This chapter investigates different sensors and their usefulness in a smart home monitoring system. A smart home monitoring system provides a safe, sound, and secure living environment for elderly people. Statistics show that the population of elderly people is increasing around the world and this trend is not going to change in the near future. The authors have developed a smart home that consists of an optimum number of wireless sensors that includes current flow, water flow, and bed usage sensors. The sensors provide information that can be used for monitoring elderly people by detecting abnormal patterns in their daily activities. The system generates and sends an early warning message to the caregiver when an unforeseen abnormal condition occurs.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2012
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-02-2019
DOI: 10.3390/S19040766
Abstract: Background: Ambiguities and anomalies in the Activity of Daily Living (ADL) patterns indicate deviations from Wellness. The monitoring of lifestyles could facilitate remote physicians or caregivers to give insight into symptoms of the disease and provide health improvement advice to residents Objective: This research work aims to apply lifestyle monitoring in an ambient assisted living (AAL) system by diagnosing conduct and distinguishing variation from the norm with the slightest conceivable fake alert. In pursuing this aim, the main objective is to fill the knowledge gap of two contextual observations (i.e., day and time) in the frequent behavior modeling for an in idual in AAL. Each sensing category has its advantages and restrictions. Only a single type of sensing unit may not manage composite states in practice and lose the activity of daily living. To boost the efficiency of the system, we offer an exceptional sensor data fusion technique through different sensing modalities Methods: As behaviors may also change according to other contextual observations, including seasonal, weather (or temperature), and social interaction, we propose the design of a novel activity learning model by adding behavioral observations, which we name as the Wellness indices analysis model Results: The ground-truth data are collected from four elderly houses, including daily activities, with a s le size of three hundred days plus sensor activation. The investigation results validate the success of our method. The new feature set from sensor data fusion enhances the system accuracy to (98.17% ± 0.95) from (80.81% ± 0.68). The performance evaluation parameters of the proposed model for ADL recognition are recorded for the 14 selected activities. These parameters are Sensitivity (0.9852), Specificity (0.9988), Accuracy (0.9974), F1 score (0.9851), False Negative Rate (0.0130).
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2015
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2009
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 09-08-2019
DOI: 10.3390/S19163477
Abstract: The paper presents the design and fabrication of a low-cost and easy-to-fabricate laser-induced graphene sensor together with its implementation for multi-sensing applications. Laser-irradiation of commercial polymer film was applied for photo-thermal generation of graphene. The graphene patterned in an interdigitated shape was transferred onto Kapton sticky tape to form the electrodes of a capacitive sensor. The functionality of the sensor was validated by employing them in electrochemical and strain-sensing scenarios. Impedance spectroscopy was applied to investigate the response of the sensor. For the electrochemical sensing, different concentrations of sodium sulfate were prepared, and the fabricated sensor was used to detect the concentration differences. For the strain sensing, the sensor was deployed for monitoring of human joint movements and tactile sensing. The promising sensing results validating the applicability of the fabricated sensor for multiple sensing purposes are presented.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Publisher: Computers, Materials and Continua (Tech Science Press)
Date: 2022
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 10-02-2021
DOI: 10.3390/S21041261
Abstract: The use of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-based sensors for strain–strain applications is showcased in this paper. Extensive use of MWCNTs has been done for the fabrication and implementation of flexible sensors due to their enhanced electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. These nanotubes have been deployed both in pure and composite forms for obtaining highly efficient sensors in terms of sensitivity, robustness, and longevity. Among the wide range of applications that MWCNTs have been exploited for, strain-sensing has been one of the most popular ones due to the high mechanical flexibility of these carbon allotropes. The MWCNT-based sensors have been able to deduce a broad spectrum of macro- and micro-scaled tensions through structural changes. This paper highlights some of the well-approved conjugations of MWCNTs with different kinds of polymers and other conductive nanomaterials to form the electrodes of the strain sensors. It also underlines some of the measures that can be taken in the future to improve the quality of these MWCNT-based sensors for strain-related applications.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 10-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2008
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-08-2022
DOI: 10.3390/APP12168242
Abstract: This paper presents a systematic approach to designing a dynamic metaheuristic fuzzy logic controller (FLC) to control a piece of non-linear plant. The developed controller is a multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) system. However, with the proposed control mechanism is possible to adapt it to single-input–single-output (SISO) systems as well. During real-time operation, the dynamic behavior of the proposed fuzzy controller is influenced by a metaheuristic particle swarm optimization (PSO) mechanism. Nevertheless, to analyze the performance of the developed dynamic metaheuristic FLC as a piece of non-linear plant, a 1 kW four-wheel independent-drive electric rover is controlled under different road constraints. The test results show that the proposed dynamic metaheuristic FLC maintains the wheel slip ratio of all four wheels to less than 0.35 and a top recorded translational speed of 90 km/h is maintained for a fixed orientation.
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 21-09-2017
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-06-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-05-2019
DOI: 10.3390/ELECTRONICS8050565
Abstract: This paper presents the fabrication and implementation of novel resistive sensors that were implemented for strain-sensing applications. Some of the critical factors for the development of resistive sensors are addressed in this paper, such as the cost of fabrication, the steps of the fabrication process which make it time-consuming to complete each prototype, and the inability to achieve optimised electrical and mechanical characteristics. The sensors were fabricated via magnetron sputtering of thin-film chromium and gold layer on the thin-film substrates at defined thicknesses. Sticky copper tapes were attached on the two sides of the sensor patches to form the electrodes. The operating principle of the fabricated sensors was based on the change in their responses with respect to the corresponding changes in their relative resistance as a function of the applied strain. The strain-induced characteristics of the patches were studied with different kinds of experiments, such as consecutive bending and pressure application. The sensors with 400 nm thickness of gold layer obtained a sensitivity of 0.0086 Ω pm for the pressure ranging between 0 and 400 kPa. The gauge factor of these sensors was between 4.9–6.6 for temperatures ranging between 25 °C and 55 °C. They were also used for tactile sensing to determine their potential as thin-film sensors for industrial applications, like in robotic and pressure-mapping applications. The results were promising in regards to the sensors’ controllable film thickness, easy operation, purity of the films and mechanically sound nature. These sensors can provide a podium to enhance the usage of resistive sensors on a higher scale to develop thin-film sensors for industrial applications.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-06-2019
DOI: 10.3390/S19132879
Abstract: This paper presents a survey of recent developments using Doppler radar sensor in searching and locating an alive person under debris or behind a wall. Locating a human and detecting the vital signs such as breathing rate and heartbeat using a microwave sensor is a non-invasive technique. Recently, many hardware structures, signal processing approaches, and integrated systems have been introduced by researchers in this field. The purpose is to enhance the accuracy of vital signs’ detection and location detection and reduce energy consumption. This work concentrates on the representative research on sensing systems that can find alive people under rubble when an earthquake or other disasters occur. In this paper, various operating principles and system architectures for finding survivors using the microwave radar sensors are reviewed. A comparison between these systems is also discussed.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-10-2018
DOI: 10.3390/ASI1040042
Abstract: The proposed research methodology aims to design a generally implementable framework for providing a house owner/member with the immediate notification of an ongoing theft (unauthorized access to their premises). For this purpose, a rigorous analysis of existing systems was undertaken to identify research gaps. The problems found with existing systems were that they can only identify the intruder after the theft, or cannot distinguish between human and non-human objects. Wireless Sensors Networks (WSNs) combined with the use of Internet of Things (IoT) and Cognitive Internet of Things are expanding smart home concepts and solutions, and their applications. The present research proposes a novel smart home anti-theft system that can detect an intruder, even if they have partially/fully hidden their face using clothing, leather, fiber, or plastic materials. The proposed system can also detect an intruder in the dark using a CCTV camera without night vision capability. The fundamental idea was to design a cost-effective and efficient system for an in idual to be able to detect any kind of theft in real-time and provide instant notification of the theft to the house owner. The system also promises to implement home security with large video data handling in real-time. The investigation results validate the success of the proposed system. The system accuracy has been enhanced to 97.01%, 84.13, 78.19%, and 66.5%, in scenarios where a detected intruder had not hidden his/her face, hidden his/her face partially, fully, and was detected in the dark from 85%, 64.13%, 56.70%, and 44.01%.
Publisher: CRC Press
Date: 18-11-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2012
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 07-06-2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-1998
DOI: 10.1109/20.706833
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2006
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1155/2008/890293
Abstract: A spin-valve giant magneto-resistive (SV-GMR) sensor of needle-type configuration is reported to estimate the volume density of magnetic fluid inside human body. The magnetic fluid is usually injected into human body to kill cancerous cell using hyperthermia-based treatment. To control the heat treatment, a good knowledge of temperature is very much essential. The SV-GMR-based needle-type sensor is used to measure the magnetic flux density of the magnetic fluid inside the human body from which the temperature is estimated. The needle-type sensor provides a semi-invasive approach of temperature determination.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 27-02-2021
DOI: 10.3390/COMPUTERS10030026
Abstract: Water quality is the most critical factor affecting fish health and performance in aquaculture production systems. Fish life is mostly dependent on the water fishes live in for all their needs. Therefore, it is essential to have a clear understanding of the water quality requirements of the fish. This research discusses the critical water parameters (temperature, pH, nitrate, phosphate, calcium, magnesium, and dissolved oxygen (DO)) for fisheries and reviews the existing sensors to detect those parameters. Moreover, this paper proposes a prospective solution for smart fisheries that will help to monitor water quality factors, make decisions based on the collected data, and adapt more quickly to changing conditions.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2009
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2004
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2004
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2019
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2019
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-11-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41565-021-00994-1
Abstract: For the past three decades nanoscience has widely affected many areas in physics, chemistry and engineering, and has led to numerous fundamental discoveries, as well as applications and products. Concurrently, quantum science and technology has developed into a cross-disciplinary research endeavour connecting these same areas and holds burgeoning commercial promise. Although quantum physics dictates the behaviour of nanoscale objects, quantum coherence, which is central to quantum information, communication and sensing, has not played an explicit role in much of nanoscience. This Review describes fundamental principles and practical applications of quantum coherence in nanoscale systems, a research area we call quantum-coherent nanoscience. We structure this Review according to specific degrees of freedom that can be quantum-coherently controlled in a given nanoscale system, such as charge, spin, mechanical motion and photons. We review the current state of the art and focus on outstanding challenges and opportunities unlocked by the merging of nanoscience and coherent quantum operations.
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2010
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2018
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2017
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-08-2017
DOI: 10.3390/S17081885
Abstract: Pathogen and toxin-contaminated foods and beverages are a major source of illnesses, even death, and have a significant economic impact worldwide. Human health is always under a potential threat, including from biological warfare, due to these dangerous pathogens. The agricultural and food production chain consists of many steps such as harvesting, handling, processing, packaging, storage, distribution, preparation, and consumption. Each step is susceptible to threats of environmental contamination or failure to safeguard the processes. The production process can be controlled in the food and agricultural sector, where smart sensors can play a major role, ensuring greater food quality and safety by low cost, fast, reliable, and profitable methods of detection. Techniques for the detection of pathogens and toxins may vary in cost, size, and specificity, speed of response, sensitivity, and precision. Smart sensors can detect, analyse and quantify at molecular levels contents of different biological origin and ensure quality of foods against spiking with pesticides, fertilizers, dioxin, modified organisms, anti-nutrients, allergens, drugs and so on. This paper reviews different methodologies to detect pathogens and toxins in foods and beverages.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 04-2017
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 26-11-2021
DOI: 10.3390/S21237880
Abstract: Wearable smart devices are widely used to determine various physico-mechanical parameters at chosen intervals. The proliferation of such devices has been driven by the acceptance of enhanced technology in society [...]
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 28-09-2023
DOI: 10.1155/2023/5515263
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 23-07-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2011
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-06-2018
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 15-11-2011
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2015
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-11-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-09-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-06-2021
DOI: 10.3390/EN14123529
Abstract: Automotive applications often experience conflicting-objective optimization problems focusing on performance parameters that are catered through precisely developed cost functions. Two such conflicting objectives which substantially affect the working of traction machine drive are maximizing its speed performance and minimizing its energy consumption. In case of an electric vehicle (EV) powertrain, drive energy is bounded by battery dynamics (charging and capacity) which depend on the consumption of drive voltage and current caused by driving cycle schedules, traffic state, EV loading, and drive temperature. In other words, battery consumption of an EV depends upon its drive energy consumption. A conventional control technique improves the speed performance of EV at the cost of its drive energy consumption. However, the proposed optimized energy control (OEC) scheme optimizes this energy consumption by using robust linear parameter varying (LPV) control tuned by genetic algorithms which significantly improves the EV powertrain performance. The analysis of OEC scheme is conducted on the developed vehicle simulator through MATLAB/Simulink based simulations as well as on an induction machine drive platform. The accuracy of the proposed OEC is quantitatively assessed to be 99.3% regarding speed performance which is elaborated by the drive speed, voltage, and current results against standard driving cycles.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2013
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 04-2006
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2014
Abstract: A portable low-cost microcontroller based testing system was designed and constructed to detect phthalates in aqueous media. Phthalates, especially di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is the most ubiquitous endocrine disrupting compound (EDC) posing highest reproductive toxicity threat to all living species on earth. Frequency response analyser (FRA) approach was used to develop the rapid response, non-invasive electrochemical impedimetric system for detection. A smart thin film gold interdigital electrodes capacitive sensor with enhanced penetration depth was used with the proposed system for detection of the said EDC. The performance of the developed system was evaluated by comparing the results to the commercially available electrochemical Impedimetric frequency response analyzer equipment. Complex nonlinear least square (CNLS) curve fitting algorithm was used to deduce the equivalent circuit for the developed system. The DEHP detection results by the developed system were validated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) diode array detection confirming that the proposed system was able to detect the concentration of phthalates in aqueous medium.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 03-09-2021
DOI: 10.3390/APP11178198
Abstract: Experts confirm that 85% of the world’s population is expected to live in cities by 2050. Therefore, cities should be prepared to satisfy the needs of their citizens and provide the best services. The idea of a city of the future is commonly represented by the smart city, which is a more efficient system that optimizes its resources and services, through the use of monitoring and communication technology. Thus, one of the steps towards sustainability for cities around the world is to make a transition into smart cities. Here, sensors play an important role in the system, as they gather relevant information from the city, citizens, and the corresponding communication networks that transfer the information in real-time. Although the use of these sensors is erse, their application can be categorized in six different groups: energy, health, mobility, security, water, and waste management. Based on these groups, this review presents an analysis of different sensors that are typically used in efforts toward creating smart cities. Insights about different applications and communication systems are provided, as well as the main opportunities and challenges faced when making a transition to a smart city. Ultimately, this process is not only about smart urban infrastructure, but more importantly about how these new sensing capabilities and digitization developments improve quality of life. Smarter communities are those that socialize, adapt, and invest through transparent and inclusive community engagement in these technologies based on local and regional societal needs and values. Cyber security disruptions and privacy remain chief vulnerabilities.
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 18-01-2011
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-01-2020
DOI: 10.3390/S20030703
Abstract: The paper presents a review of some of the significant research done on 3D printed mold-based sensors performed in recent times. The utilization of the master molds to fabricate the different parts of the sensing prototypes have been followed for quite some time due to certain distinct advantages. Some of them are easy template preparation, easy customization of the developed products, quick fabrication, and minimized electronic waste. The paper explains the different kinds of sensors and actuators that have been developed using this technique, based on their varied structural dimensions, processed raw materials, designing, and product testing. These differences in the attributes were based on their in idualistic application. Furthermore, some of the challenges related to the existing sensors and their possible respective solutions have also been mentioned in the paper. Finally, a market survey has been provided, stating the estimated increase in the annual growth of 3D printed sensors. It also states the type of 3D printing that has been preferred over the years, along with the range of sensors, and their related applications.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-03-2019
DOI: 10.3390/APP9071307
Abstract: Smart environments are the fragmentations of smart cities under the topic of the Internet of Things [...]
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2018
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 20-07-2020
Abstract: This paper exhibits a thorough review of the use of impedimetric sensors for the analysis of food quality. It helps to understand the contribution of some of the major types of impedimetric sensors that are used for this application. The deployment of impedimetric sensing prototypes has been advantageous due to their wide linear range of responses, detection of the target analyte at low concentrations, good stability, high accuracy and high reproducibility in the results. The choice of these sensors was classified on the basis of structure and the conductive material used to develop them. The first category included the use of nanomaterials such as graphene and metallic nanowires used to form the sensing devices. Different forms of graphene nanoparticles, such as nano-hybrids, nanosheets, and nano-powders, have been largely used to sense biomolecules in the micro-molar range. The use of conductive materials such as gold, copper, tungsten and tin to develop nanowire-based prototypes for the inspection of food quality has also been shown. The second category was based on conventional electromechanical circuits such as electronic noses and other smart systems. Within this sector, the standardized systems, such as electronic noses, and LC circuit -based systems have been explained. Finally, some of the challenges posed by the existing sensors have been listed out, along with an estimate of the increase in the number of sensors employed to assess food quality.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 1997
DOI: 10.1109/20.619720
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2019
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2020
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-02-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0263128
Abstract: Despite rising cases of COVID-19 in the United States of America, several states are easing restrictions (e.g., relaxing physical distancing requirements, reopening businesses) that were imposed to limit community transmission of the virus. In iduals hold differing opinions regarding whether restrictions should continue to be imposed or lifted, evidenced, for ex le, by debate and protests regarding reopening of businesses and venues. Health and social psychological research suggest that perceptions of COVID-19related risk, experiences of the virus, and in idual difference factors can help explain in iduals’ attitudes towards health initiatives and their tendency to be persuaded towards a specific course of action. The purpose of this study was to investigate what factors influence support or opposition to easing COVID-19-related restrictions. A s le of 350 United States citizens, responding to an anonymous survey, were asked about the extent to which they support/oppose easing of COVID-19-related restrictions, both generally and in relation to specific restrictions. Respondents completed measures of their experiences of COVID-19, in idual difference factors, and demographic variables, including political affiliation and degree of social and economic conservatism. In a series of regression analyses, significant demographic predictors of support or opposition for easing restrictions were gender, age, ethnicity, and education, with political affiliation and degree of social and economic conservatism also predicting attitudes. Experiences related to COVID-19 that predicted attitudes were concerns for self and family, perceptions of threat posed by the virus, perceived ability to adhere to restrictions, willingness to take government direction, and belief in COVID-19-related conspiracy theories. At an in idual differences level, uncertainty avoidance, collectivism, long-term orientation, masculinity, empathic concern, personal distress, reactance, and general conspiracy theory beliefs all significantly precited attitudes to easing restrictions. Understanding the factors that help explain attitudes towards COVID-19 restrictions can inform how best to position health messaging and initiatives going forward, particularly as states or countries open borders.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2006
DOI: 10.1109/DELTA.2006.9
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2011
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2006
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2017
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2008
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-2019
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 03-2015
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2014
Abstract: A smart home has been designed and developed to monitor elderly people who lives alone and needs assistance to perform their daily living activities. The system monitors different activities of the elderly and determine the wellness of the person. It is a challenge to recognize different activities of the elderly over 24 hours for the seven days a week. The coverage issues in terms of monitoring the elderly are discussed in the paper.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-11-2022
DOI: 10.3390/BIOS12111044
Abstract: Chronic implantation of an epidural Electrocorticography (ECoG) electrode produces thickening of the dura mater and proliferation of the fibrosis around the interface sites, which is a significant concern for chronic neural ECoG recording applications used to monitor various neurodegenerative diseases. This study describes a new approach to developing a slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS) on the flexible ECoG electrode for a chronic neural interface with the advantage of increased cell adhesion. In the demonstration, the electrode was fabricated on the polyimide (PI) substrate, and platinum (Pt)-gray was used for creating the porous nanocone structure for infusing the silicone oil. The combination of nanocone and the infused slippery oil layer created the SLIPS coating, which has a low impedance (4.68 kΩ) level favourable for neural recording applications. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and equivalent circuit modelling also showed the effect of the coating on the recording site. The cytotoxicity study demonstrated that the coating does not have any cytotoxic potentiality hence, it is biocompatible for human implantation. The in vivo (acute recording) neural recording on the rat model also confirmed that the noise level could be reduced significantly (nearly 50%) and is helpful for chronic ECoG recording for more extended neural signal recording applications.
Publisher: ASME International
Date: 29-11-2018
DOI: 10.1115/1.4038219
Abstract: This paper presents a novel mechanism of tree climbing robotic system for tree pruning. The unique features of this system include the passive and active anti-falling mechanisms, which prevent the robot from falling to the ground under either static or dynamic situations, the capability to vertically or spirally climb up a tree trunk, and the flexibility to suit different trunk sizes. The computer-aided design (CAD) models of the robotic mechanism, static and kinematic analysis, climbing simulation, and testing of the physical model are stated in detail. This research work reveals that this novel tree climbing mechanism can be served as a platform for tree pruning robot.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 04-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 03-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2008
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2014
Abstract: In order to determine more accurate indicators of wood structure obtained by microwave sensing and improve our understanding of plane wave propagation through this complex material, we have undertaken a permittivity survey and experimentally investigated scattering of a plane wave, measuring its transmission over two non-parallel surfaces of a rectangular lumber s le. This novel non-destructive testing technique offers results which may significantly contribute in a more accurate propagation modeling and industrial wood quality testing.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 11-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-11-2022
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2014
Abstract: In order to determine more accurate indicators of wood structure obtained by microwave sensing and improve our understanding of plane wave propagation through this complex material, we have undertaken a permittivity survey and experimentally investigated scattering of a plane wave, measuring its transmission over two non-parallel surfaces of a rectangular lumber s le. This novel non-destructive testing techn-ique offers results which may significantly contribute in a more accurate propagation modeling and industrial wood quality testing.
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2008
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 04-05-2015
DOI: 10.3390/S150510350
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 28-09-2023
DOI: 10.1145/3597306
Abstract: The devices that can read Electroencephalography (EEG) signals have been widely used for Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). Popularity in the field of BCIs has increased in recent years with the development of several consumer-grade EEG devices that can detect human cognitive states in real-time and deliver feedback to enhance human performance. Several previous studies have been conducted to understand the fundamentals and essential aspects of EEG in BCIs. However, the significant issue of how consumer-grade EEG devices can be used to control mechatronic systems effectively has been given less attention. In this paper, we have designed and implemented an EEG BCI system using the OpenBCI Cyton headset and a user interface running a game to explore the concept of streamlining the interaction between humans and mechatronic systems with a BCI EEG-mechatronic system interface. Big Multimodal Social Data (BMSD) analytics can be applied to the high-frequency and high-volume EEG data, allowing us to explore aspects of data acquisition, data processing, and data validation and evaluate the Quality of Experience (QoE) of our system. We employ real-world participants to play a game to gather training data that was later put into multiple machine learning models, including a linear discriminant analysis (LDA), k-nearest neighbours (KNN), and a convolutional neural network (CNN). After training the machine learning models, a validation phase of the experiment took place where participants tried to play the same game but without direct control, utilising the outputs of the machine learning models to determine how the game moved. We find that a CNN trained to the specific user was able to control the game and performed with the highest activation accuracy from the machine learning models tested, along with the highest user rated QoE, which gives us significant insight for future implementation with a mechatronic system.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2020
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 30-12-2017
DOI: 10.3390/S17010069
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 07-2019
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2015
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 28-10-2021
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 02-05-2006
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 28-10-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2020
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2019
Abstract: Today, the sensing devices play an important role for various system automation and monitoring of different physical and chemical parameters. Nonlinearity is an important long-time issue for most of the sensors, so to compensate nonlinearity, various linearization schemes are reported in the literature. The accuracy of linearization schemes depends on the type and the nonlinearity value of the sensor output. Since it is difficult to find an exact polynomial equation or other functions to represent the response curve it gives more error when the measurement parameter is determined from the inverse approximation functions. As many sensors are used for different applications, the linearized characteristics will simplify the design, calibration, and accuracy of the measurement. This paper presents a review of different methods applied to linearize sensor characteristics reported in the literature. Due to availability of high-performance analog devices, analog methods are still popular among many researchers. However, due to the advancement of IC technologies, hardware implementation of the software methods can be done easily with reduced time, cost, and more accuracy, so the digital methods combined with software techniques perform the job with better flexibility and efficiency.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2008
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-11-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.JBBM.2007.07.003
Abstract: Excessive removal of structural material from skin during leather processing results in unattractive crease formation in leather. It is difficult to detect this in pelts at an early processing stage as it only becomes really apparent once the skin is made into leather. There would be great advantages in detecting the problem at the pickled pelt stage (skins treated with sodium sulphide and lime, bated with enzymes, and then preserved in NaCl and sulphuric acid) so that adjustments to the processing could be made to mitigate the effect. A novel bio-sensor for inspection of pickled lamb pelts has been fabricated and developed. The sensor has the planar Interdigital structure. The experimental results show that the sensor has a great potential to predict the quality of leather in a non-invasive and non-destructive way.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 08-2021
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-2019
DOI: 10.3390/S19132908
Abstract: The paper highlights some of the significant works done in the field of medical and biomedical sensing using silicon-based technology. The use of silicon sensors is one of the pivotal and prolonged techniques employed in a range of healthcare, industrial and environmental applications by virtue of its distinct advantages over other counterparts in Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Among them, the sensors for biomedical applications are one of the most significant ones, which not only assist in improving the quality of human life but also help in the field of microfabrication by imparting knowledge about how to develop enhanced multifunctional sensing prototypes. The paper emphasises the use of silicon, in different forms, to fabricate electrodes and substrates for the sensors that are to be used for biomedical sensing. The electrical conductivity and the mechanical flexibility of silicon vary to a large extent depending on its use in developing prototypes. The article also explains some of the bottlenecks that need to be dealt with in the current scenario, along with some possible remedies. Finally, a brief market survey is given to estimate a probable increase in the usage of silicon in developing a variety of biomedical prototypes in the upcoming years.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 25-08-2019
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 25-08-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 12-2015
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1155/2008/150874
Abstract: A planar interdigital sensor-based sensing system has been fabricated for assessment of seafood quality. Our main objective is to sense the molecule of domoic acid presence in mussels. Three peptide derivatives namely sarcosine, proline, and hydroxylproline were used for the initial studies which are structurally closely related to our target molecule. The proline molecule is arguably the most important amino acid in peptide conformation, containing the basic structural similarity to the domoic acid. Three novel interdigital sensors have been designed and fabricated. The initial result shows that sensors respond very well to the chemicals and it is possible to discriminate the different chemicals from the output of the sensor. Results from the analysis have shown that Sensor_1 has better sensitivity compared to other sensors. Sensor_1 was chosen for further analysis with real mussels. The changes in sensor impedance were then analysed with real mussels before and after adding the proline. The presence of proline on the mussel s les was detected by the sensor. Results also showed a good correlation of = 0.717 between sensitivity and s le thickness.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2021
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2016
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 05-2016
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-09-2023
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 10-07-2022
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2015
Start Date: 12-2021
End Date: 12-2025
Amount: $599,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 08-2020
End Date: 08-2025
Amount: $3,973,202.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity