ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8674-5967
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Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 02-2019
Abstract: Abstract. In the last few decades and in the near future CO2-induced ocean acidification is potentially a big threat to marine calcite-shelled animals (e.g. brachiopods, bivalves, corals and gastropods). Despite the great number of studies focusing on the effects of acidification on shell growth, metabolism, shell dissolution and shell repair, the consequences for biomineral formation remain poorly understood. Only a few studies have addressed the impact of ocean acidification on shell microstructure and geochemistry. In this study, a detailed microstructure and stable isotope geochemistry investigation was performed on nine adult brachiopod specimens of Magellania venosa (Dixon, 1789). These were grown in the natural environment as well as in controlled culturing experiments under different pH conditions (ranging from 7.35 to 8.15±0.05) over different time intervals (214 to 335 days). Details of shell microstructural features, such as thickness of the primary layer, density and size of endopunctae and morphology of the basic structural unit of the secondary layer were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. Stable isotope compositions (δ13C and δ18O) were tested from the secondary shell layer along shell ontogenetic increments in both dorsal and ventral valves. Based on our comprehensive dataset, we observed that, under low-pH conditions, M. venosa produced a more organic-rich shell with higher density of and larger endopunctae, and smaller secondary layer fibres. Also, increasingly negative δ13C and δ18O values are recorded by the shell produced during culturing and are related to the CO2 source in the culture set-up. Both the microstructural changes and the stable isotope results are similar to observations on brachiopods from the fossil record and strongly support the value of brachiopods as robust archives of proxies for studying ocean acidification events in the geologic past.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-11-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S00227-021-03962-4
Abstract: Biological hard tissues are a rich source of design concepts for the generation of advanced materials. They represent the most important library of information on the evolution of life and its environmental conditions. Organisms produce soft and hard tissues in a bottom-up process, a construction principle that is intrinsic to biologically secreted materials. This process emerged early on in the geological record, with the onset of biological mineralization. The phylum Brachiopoda is a marine animal group that has an excellent and continuous fossil record from the early Cambrian to the Recent. Throughout this time interval, the Brachiopoda secreted phosphate and carbonate shells and populated many and highly erse marine habitats. This required great flexibility in the adaptation of soft and hard tissues to the different marine environments and living conditions. This review presents, juxtaposes and discusses the main modes of mineral and biopolymer organization in Recent, carbonate shell-producing, brachiopods. We describe shell tissue characteristics for taxa of the orders Rhynchonellida, Terebratulida, Thecideida and Craniida. We highlight modes of calcite and organic matrix assembly at the macro-, micro-, and nano-scales based on results obtained by Electron Backscatter Diffraction, Atomic Force Microscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy. We show variation in composite hard tissue organization for taxa with different lifestyles, visualize nanometer-scale calcite assemblies for rhynchonellide and terebratulide fibers, highlight thecideide shell microstructure, texture and chemistry characteristics, and discuss the feasibility to use thecideide shells as archives of proxies for paleoenvironment and paleoclimate reconstructions.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-04-2021
DOI: 10.1002/GJ.4156
Abstract: Deep‐time chemostratigraphy provides important data for stratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Geochemical analysis for the same proxy from the same outcrop section, however, often results in different data among various researchers. The dispute was ascribed to inappropriate screening of s les weathering, pre‐treatment, and analytical methods. An outstanding ex le is that a great variation of 1–3‰ in δ 13 C VPDB values from the same horizons at Auxiliary Global Stratotype of Section and Point for the Guadalupian–Lopingian (G‐L) boundary in Tieqiao, Laibin, South China was obtained by various research groups. The Walther's Law of Facies suggests that such differences in analytical results may be due to the diachronism of s les measured in high‐resolution stratigraphy. Although lithology and broad sedimentary facies are the same in a lithostratigraphic unit, heterogeneous distribution of bioclastics, δ 13 C org , provenances, trace elements, and age‐controlling geochemical signals might have printed on sediments within the same bed. Here, we verified the variations by grid mapping and s ling, a new method for high‐resolution chemostratigraphy, and this practice is applied to the auxiliary GSSP at the Tieqiao section. A total of nine parallel columnar sections from the upper Guadalupian to lowest Lopingian were measured and s led. In addition, four lateral profiles along four beds were also s led, and two of them are close to the lower part of the section (upper Guadalupian) and near the G‐L boundary, respectively. These analytical results are plotted along the coordinate of X – Y axis and form the grid mapping on the outcrop. Contour maps of various proxies (i.e., CaO%, total Fe%, and δ 13 C carb ) based on the grid mapping were constructed on the outcrop, instead of single excursions of various geochemical proxies throughout the upper Guadalupian to lowest Lopingian. The results show different negative excursions of δ 13 C carb coinciding with biotic extinction near the G‐L boundary and answered the differences of proxy reported in previous studies. Grid mapping of various proxies shows general trends of the proxies on the outcrop however, there are invisible beddings across lenses in dozens meters size of geochemical abnormal. Analytical data of the same proxy from the same horizons at different columnar sections may present different excursions if s ling on the abnormal lenses or not. This is why the data are different among various studies when different columnar sections were s led. Various lenses of geochemical abnormal which may be linked tectonic controlled diagenesis, and microhabitat et al., and resulted in the bias from different columnar sections were s led.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSB.2017.11.011
Abstract: Shells of brachiopods are excellent archives for environmental reconstructions in the recent and distant past as their microstructure and geochemistry respond to climate and environmental forcings. We studied the morphology and size of the basic structural unit, the secondary layer fibre, of the shells of several extant brachiopod taxa to derive a model correlating microstructural patterns to environmental conditions. Twenty-one adult specimens of six recent brachiopod species adapted to different environmental conditions, from Antarctica, to New Zealand, to the Mediterranean Sea, were chosen for microstructural analysis using SEM, TEM and EBSD. We conclude that: 1) there is no significant difference in the shape and size of the fibres between ventral and dorsal valves, 2) there is an ontogenetic trend in the shape and size of the fibres, as they become larger, wider, and flatter with increasing age. This indicates that the fibrous layer produced in the later stages of growth, which is recommended by the literature to be the best material for geochemical analyses, has a different morphostructure and probably a lower organic content than that produced earlier in life. In two species of the same genus living in seawater with different temperature and carbonate saturation state, a relationship emerged between the microstructure and environmental conditions. Fibres of the polar Liothyrella uva tend to be smaller, rounder and less convex than those of the temperate Liothyrella neozelanica, suggesting a relationship between microstructural size, shell organic matter content, ambient seawater temperature and calcite saturation state.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2023
DOI: 10.1002/ECE3.10006
Abstract: As a potential anti‐predatory defensive structure, the shell ornamentation of marine calcifiers is usually used to understand the macro coevolution of the interactions between predators and preys. Marine calcifiers' shell ornamentation complexity is generally believed to vary negatively with latitude and water depth. In this paper, we explored the association between shell ornamentation and latitude/bathymetry using the latest global database of living brachiopods. We found that (1) ~59% of living brachiopods species are characterized by smooth shells and that (2) there is no statistically significant linear trend, either positive or negative, between the ornamentation index and latitudes nor with water depths. Both findings are puzzling for living brachiopods as they are sharply contrasted to the patterns of fossil brachiopods whereby the latter, especially Paleozoic brachiopods, are known to exhibit (1) a much greater ornamentation ersity and (2) (at least for the geological periods that have been studied) a linear latitudinal gradient of ornamentation complexity existed. The reasons why living brachiopods have such a high proportion of smooth or weakly ornamented shells and fail to demonstrate an unequivocal linear latitudinal ornamentation gradient were explored and are linked to a multitude of potential factors rather than uniquely only to the predation pressure. Among these, the most plausible factor seems to be the cryptic (refuge‐type) habitats (e.g., deep waters, cold polar regions, and submarine rock caves) that living brachiopods have been adapted to due to their low metabolism, where predation pressure is low, allowing brachiopods to enact the predator avoidance strategy rather than having to manufacture robust shell ornamentation to survive in an otherwise highly engaged predator–prey global marine ecosystem.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 08-11-2021
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0259004
Abstract: The global distribution patterns of 14918 geo-referenced occurrences from 394 living brachiopod species were mapped in 5° grid cells, which enabled the visualization and delineation of distinct bioregions and bio ersity hotspots. Further investigation using cluster and network analyses allowed us to propose the first systematically and quantitatively recognized global bioregionalization framework for living brachiopods, consisting of five bioregions and thirteen bioprovinces. No single environmental or ecological variable is accountable for the newly proposed global bioregionalization patterns of living brachiopods. Instead, the combined effects of large-scale ocean gyres, climatic zonation as well as some geohistorical factors (e.g., formation of land bridges and geological recent closure of ancient seaways) are considered as the main drivers at the global scale. At the regional scale, however, the faunal composition, ersity and biogeographical differentiation appear to be mainly controlled by seawater temperature variation, regional ocean currents and coastal upwelling systems.
Publisher: Scandinavian University Press / Universitetsforlaget AS
Date: 07-2020
DOI: 10.1111/LET.12412
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-07-2015
Location: China
No related grants have been discovered for FACHENG YE.