ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2144-2049
Current Organisation
Kenyatta University Teaching Referral and Research Hospital
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.MARENVRES.2019.104764
Abstract: Climate change is leading to an increase of mean sea surface temperatures and extreme heat events. There is an urgent need to better understand the capabilities of marine macroalgae to adapt to these rapid changes. In this study, the responses of photosynthesis, respiration, and calcification to elevated temperature in a global warming scenario were investigated in the coralline alga Corallina officinalis. Algae were cultured for 7 weeks under 4 temperature treatments: (1) control under ambient-summer conditions (C, ~20 °C), (2) simulating a one-week heatwave of 1 °C (HW, T
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 21-01-2021
DOI: 10.3389/FMARS.2020.614852
Abstract: Implementing conservation measures for data-limited species is a fundamental challenge for wildlife managers and policy-makers, and proves difficult for cryptic marine animals occurring in naturally low numbers across remote seascapes. There is currently scant information on the abundance and habitat preferences of Australian snubfin dolphins ( Orcaella heinsohni ) throughout much of their geographical range, and especially within the Kimberley region of northern Western Australia. Such knowledge gaps curtail rigorous threat assessments on both local and regional scales. To address this and assist future conservation listings, we built the first comprehensive catalog of snubfin dolphin sightings for the Kimberley. We used these data to estimate the species’ extent of occurrence (EOO) and area of occupancy (AOO) along the region’s 7,000 km coastline, following a simple Bootstrap bivariate kernel approach to combine datasets of varying quality and quantify uncertainty. Our catalog consists of 1,597 visual detections of snubfin dolphins made over a period of 17 years (2004–2020) and collated from multiple sources, including online bio ersity repositories, peer-reviewed scientific articles, citizen science programs, as well as dedicated marine wildlife surveys with local Indigenous communities and Ranger groups. Snubfin dolphins were consistently encountered in shallow waters (& m depth) close to (& km) freshwater inputs, with high detection rates in known hotspots (e.g., Roebuck Bay, Cygnet Bay) as well as in coastal habitats suspected to be suitable (e.g., Prince Regent River and surrounds, King Sound, Doubtful Bay, Napier Broome Bay and the upper Cambridge Gulf). Bootstrap estimates of EOO and AOO were 38,300 (95% CI: 25,451–42,437) km 2 and 700 (656–736) km 2 respectively, suggesting that snubfin dolphins in the Kimberley are likely Vulnerable under IUCN criteria B2 at a regional scale, in keeping with their global classification. Our study offers insights into the distribution of a vulnerable coastal cetacean species and demonstrates the value of integrating multiple data sources for informing conservation assessments in the face of uncertainty.
Publisher: PeerJ
Date: 14-02-2018
DOI: 10.7287/PEERJ.PREPRINTS.26520V1
Abstract: Following the establishment of the world’s largest network of marine protected areas, Australia is now tasked with implementing national plans to manage a huge range of marine environments, from tropical to sub-Antarctic climates and shallow reef to abyssal depths. Monitoring (i.e. condition assessment and trend detection) is one of the key objectives of associated management plans. As part of a national effort to acquire baseline data for future monitoring purposes from 2009 to 2012, we collected geoscientific (bathymetry, backscatter, sub-bottom profiles, sediment grain-size) and biological data (assemblages and richness of infauna, sponges and pelagic fish) using a variety of gear (grab, sled, pelagic baited video, multibeam sonar, sparker) from the Oceanic Shoals Australian Marine Park in northern Australia. In this presentation, we describe how the integration of such data (including derived geoscientific products) helped to inform s ling design, map habitats, predict the distribution of benthic and pelagic communities at varying spatial scales, and better understand ecosystem processes. We hope to encourage ecologists and marine managers to incorporate geoscientific methods into their research and policy in order to further improve s ling design, data collection, robust modelling, and informed decision-making.
Publisher: Zenodo
Date: 2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2013
Publisher: Inter-Research Science Center
Date: 18-02-2015
DOI: 10.3354/ESR00655
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2015
DOI: 10.1890/ES14-00380.1
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-12-2017
DOI: 10.1111/BRV.12246
Abstract: Tuna, billfish, and oceanic sharks [hereafter referred to as 'mobile oceanic fishes and sharks' (MOFS)] are characterised by conservative life-history strategies and highly migratory behaviour across large, transnational ranges. Intense exploitation over the past 65 years by a rapidly expanding high-seas fishing fleet has left many populations depleted, with consequences at the ecosystem level due to top-down control and trophic cascades. Despite increases in both CITES and IUCN Red Listings, the demographic trajectories of oceanic sharks and billfish are poorly quantified and resolved at geographic and population levels. Amongst MOFS trajectories, those of tunas are generally considered better understood, yet several populations remain either overfished or of unknown status. MOFS population trends and declines therefore remain contentious, partly due to challenges in deriving accurate abundance and biomass indices. Two major management strategies are currently recognised to address conservation issues surrounding MOFS: (i) internationally ratified legal frameworks and their associated regional fisheries management organisations (RFMOs) and (ii) spatio-temporal fishery closures, including no-take marine protected areas (MPAs). In this context, we first review fishery-dependent studies relying on data derived from catch records and from material accessible through fishing extraction, under the umbrella of RFMO-administrated management. Challenges in interpreting catch statistics notwithstanding, we find that fishery-dependent studies have enhanced the accuracy of biomass indices and the management strategies they inform, by addressing biases in reporting and non-random effort, and predicting drivers of spatial variability across meso- and oceanic scales in order to inform stock assessments. By contrast and motivated by the increase in global MPA coverage restricting extractive activities, we then detail ways in which fishery-independent methods are increasingly improving and steering management by exploring facets of MOFS ecology thus far poorly grasped. Advances in telemetry are increasingly used to explore ontogenic and seasonal movements, and provide means to consider MOFS migration corridors and residency patterns. The characterisation of trophic relationships and prey distribution through biochemical analysis and hydro-acoustics surveys has enabled the tracking of dietary shifts and mapping of high-quality foraging grounds. We conclude that while a scientific framework is available to inform initial design and subsequent implementation of MPAs, there is a shortage in the capacity to answer basic but critical questions about MOFS ecology (who, when, where?) required to track populations non-extractively, thereby presenting a barrier to assessing empirically the performance of MPA-based management for MOFS. This s ling gap is exacerbated by the increased establishment of large (>10000 km
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-08-2017
DOI: 10.1111/GEB.12619
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 16-09-2019
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 06-08-2019
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 18-10-2022
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000201426
Abstract: Declines in stroke admission, IV thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), IVT, and mechanical thrombectomy over a 1-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020). We conducted a longitudinal retrospective study across 6 continents, 56 countries, and 275 stroke centers. We collected volume data for COVID-19 admissions and 4 stroke metrics: ischemic stroke admissions, ICH admissions, IVT treatments, and mechanical thrombectomy procedures. Diagnoses were identified by their ICD-10 codes or classifications in stroke databases. There were 148,895 stroke admissions in the 1 year immediately before compared with 138,453 admissions during the 1-year pandemic, representing a 7% decline (95% CI [95% CI 7.1–6.9] p 0.0001). ICH volumes declined from 29,585 to 28,156 (4.8% [5.1–4.6] p 0.0001) and IVT volume from 24,584 to 23,077 (6.1% [6.4–5.8] p 0.0001). Larger declines were observed at high-volume compared with low-volume centers (all p 0.0001). There was no significant change in mechanical thrombectomy volumes (0.7% [0.6–0.9] p = 0.49). Stroke was diagnosed in 1.3% [1.31–1.38] of 406,792 COVID-19 hospitalizations. SARS-CoV-2 infection was present in 2.9% ([2.82–2.97], 5,656/195,539) of all stroke hospitalizations. There was a global decline and shift to lower-volume centers of stroke admission volumes, ICH volumes, and IVT volumes during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the prior year. Mechanical thrombectomy volumes were preserved. These results suggest preservation in the stroke care of higher severity of disease through the first pandemic year. This study is registered under NCT04934020 .
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 30-06-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2020
DOI: 10.1111/ECOG.04960
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-09-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2021
DOI: 10.1002/ECS2.3423
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.TREE.2018.08.001
Abstract: Predictive models are central to many scientific disciplines and vital for informing management in a rapidly changing world. However, limited understanding of the accuracy and precision of models transferred to novel conditions (their 'transferability') undermines confidence in their predictions. Here, 50 experts identified priority knowledge gaps which, if filled, will most improve model transfers. These are summarized into six technical and six fundamental challenges, which underlie the combined need to intensify research on the determinants of ecological predictability, including species traits and data quality, and develop best practices for transferring models. Of high importance is the identification of a widely applicable set of transferability metrics, with appropriate tools to quantify the sources and impacts of prediction uncertainty under novel conditions.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-09-2020
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-04-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.JDIACOMP.2015.11.004
Abstract: The adipocytokines leptin and adiponectin have been variously associated with diabetic microvascular complications. No comprehensive clinical data exist examining the association between adipocytokines and the presence of these complications. This is a systematic review of cross-sectional studies comparing circulating adipocytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with and without microvascular complications. Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane databases. Study quality was evaluated using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was performed using an inverse-variance model, providing standardised mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was determined by I(2) statistic. Amongst 554 identified studies, 28 were included in the review. Study quality range was 3.5-9 (maximum 11). Higher leptin levels were associated with microalbuminuria (SMD=0.41 95% CI=0.14-0.67 n=901 p=0.0003), macroalbuminuria (SMD=0.68 95% CI=0.30-1.06 n=406 p=0.0004), and neuropathy (SMD=0.26 95% CI=0.07-0.44 n=609 p=0.008). Higher adiponectin levels were associated with microalbuminuria (SMD=0.55 95% CI=0.29-0.81, n=274 p<0.001), macroalbuminuria (SMD=1.37 95% CI=0.78-1.97, n=246 p<0.00001), neuropathy (SMD=0.25 95% CI=0.14-0.36 n=1516 p<0.00001), and retinopathy (SMD=0.38 95% CI=0.25-0.51 n=1306 p<0.00001). Meta-regression suggested no influence of body mass index and duration of diabetes on effect size, and a weak trend in terms of age on effect size. Our meta-analysis suggests leptin and adiponectin levels are higher in T2DM patients with microvascular complications. Studies were limited by cross-sectional design. Large prospective analyses are required to validate these findings.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-07-2017
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-017-05189-0
Abstract: The incidental capture of wildlife in fishing gear presents a global conservation challenge. As a baseline to inform assessments of the impact of bycatch on bottlenose dolphins ( Tursiops truncatus ) interacting with an Australian trawl fishery, we conducted an aerial survey to estimate dolphin abundance across the fishery. Concurrently, we carried out boat-based dolphin photo-identification to assess short-term fidelity to foraging around trawlers, and used photographic and genetic data to infer longer-term fidelity to the fishery. We estimated abundance at ≈ 2,300 dolphins (95% CI = 1,247–4,214) over the ≈ 25,880-km 2 fishery. Mark-recapture estimates yielded 226 (SE = 38.5) dolphins associating with one trawler and some in iduals photographed up to seven times over 12 capture periods. Moreover, photographic and genetic re-s ling over three years confirmed that some in iduals show long-term fidelity to trawler-associated foraging. Our study presents the first abundance estimate for any Australian pelagic dolphin community and documents in iduals associating with trawlers over days, months and years. Without trend data or correction factors for dolphin availability, the impact of bycatch on this dolphin population’s conservation status remains unknown. These results should be taken into account by management agencies assessing the impact of fisheries-related mortality on this protected species.
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 25-06-2020
DOI: 10.1071/AM19058
Abstract: Cetaceans are iconic predators that serve as important indicators of marine ecosystem health. The Bremer Sub-Basin, south-western Australia, supports a erse cetacean community including the largest documented aggregation of killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Australian waters. Knowledge of cetacean distributions is critical for managing the area’s thriving ecotourism industry, yet is largely sporadic. Here we combined aerial with opportunistic ship-borne surveys during 2015–2017 to describe the occurrence of multiple cetacean species on a regional scale. We used generalised estimating equations to model variation in killer whale relative density as a function of both static and dynamic covariates, including seabed depth, slope, and chlorophyll a concentration, while accounting for autocorrelation. Encountered cetacean groups included: killer (n = 177), sperm (n = 69), long-finned pilot (n = 29), false killer (n = 2), and strap-toothed beaked (n = 1) whales, as well as bottlenose (n = 12) and common (n = 5) dolphins. Killer whale numbers peaked in areas of low temperatures and high primary productivity, likely due to seasonal upwelling of nutrient-rich waters supporting high prey biomass. The best predictive model highlighted potential killer whale ‘hotspots’ in the Henry, Hood, Pallinup and Bremer Canyons. This study demonstrates the value of abundance data from platforms of opportunity for marine planning and wildlife management in the open ocean.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-11-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-03-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-08-2015
DOI: 10.1111/BRV.12130
Abstract: Despite being identified as a driver of mobile predator aggregations (hotspots) in both marine and terrestrial environments, topographic complexity has long remained a challenging concept for scientists to visualise and a difficult parameter to estimate. It is only with the advent of high-speed computers and the recent popularisation of geographical information systems (GIS) that terrain attributes have begun to be quantitatively measured in three-dimensional space and related to wildlife dynamics, making the well-established field of geomorphometry (or 'digital terrain modelling') a discipline of growing appeal to biologists. Although a erse array of numerical metrics is now available to describe the shape, geometry and physical properties of natural habitats, few of these are known to, or adequately used by, ecologists. In this review, we examine the nature and usage of 56 geomorphometrics extracted from the ecological modelling literature over a period of 32 years (1979-2011). We show that, in studies of mobile predators, numerous topographic variables have largely been overlooked in favour of single basic metrics that do not, on their own, fully capture the complexity of continuous landscapes. Based on a simulation approach, we assess the redundancy and correlation structure of these metrics and demonstrate that a majority are highly collinear. We highlight a suite of 7-8 complementary metrics which best explain topographic patterns across a bathymetric grid of the west Australian seafloor, and contend that field and analytical protocols should prioritise variables of these types, particularly when the responses of predator populations to physical habitat features are of interest. We suggest that prominent structures such as canyons, seamounts or mountain chains can serve as useful proxies for predator hotspots, especially in remote locations where access to high-resolution biological data is often limited.
Location: Kenya
Location: Kenya
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Phil Bouchet.