ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7997-4005
Current Organisations
Monash University
,
Monash Health
,
Institute for Basic Science
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Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 20-10-2017
Abstract: Subcortical vascular dementia(SVaD) is associated with white matter damage, lacunar infarction, and degeneration of cerebral microcirculation. Currently available mouse models can mimic only partial aspects of human SVaD features. Here, we combined bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) with a hyperlipidaemia model in order to develop a mouse model of SVaD 10- to 12-week-old apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient or wild-type C57BL/6J mice were subjected to sham operation or chronic cerebral hypoperfusion with BCAS using micro-coils. Behavioural performance (locomotion, spatial working memory, and recognition memory), histopathological findings (white matter damage, microinfarctions, astrogliosis), and cerebral microcirculation (microvascular density and blood–brain barrier (BBB) integrity) were investigated. ApoE-deficient mice subjected to BCAS showed impaired locomotion, spatial working memory, and recognition memory. They also showed white matter damage, multiple microinfarctions, astrogliosis, reduction in microvascular density, and BBB breakdown. The combination of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and ApoE deficiency induced cognitive decline and cerebrovascular pathology, including white matter damage, multiple microinfarctions, and degeneration of cerebral microcirculation. Together, these features are all compatible with those of patients with SVaD. Thus, the proposed animal model is plausible for investigating SVaD pathophysiology and for application in preclinical drug studies.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
DOI: 10.1093/JN/NXAA384
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-2021
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2021-054173
Abstract: Psychiatric comorbidities are common in physical illness and significantly affect health outcomes. Attitudes of general hospital doctors toward psychiatry are important as they influence referral patterns and quality of care. Little is known about these attitudes and their cultural correlates. The aim of this study was to identify attitudes toward psychiatry among general hospital specialists in relation to culture of the practice setting and other clinician factors (gender, age, seniority and specialty). A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in seven countries (New Zealand, China, Sri Lanka, Russia, Israel, Brazil, the Netherlands). Data were collected from senior medical staff of various disciplines using an updated version of Mayou and Smith’s (1986) self-administered questionnaire. A total of 889 hospital doctors participated. While favourable attitudes toward both psychiatric consultation and management were endorsed by a majority, significant differences were also observed between countries. Subgroup differences were mostly confined to gender, acuity of practice setting and specialty. For ex le, female doctors in Russia (χ 2 =7.7, p=0.0056), China (χ 2 =9.2, p=0.0025) and the Netherlands (χ 2 =5.7, p=0.0174) endorsed more positive attitudes compared with their male counterparts, but this gender effect was not replicated in the total s le. Chronic care specialists were overall more inclined to manage patients’ emotional problems compared with those working in acute care (χ 2 =70.8, p (adjusted) .0001), a significant finding seen also in in idual countries (China, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Russia). Physicians were more favourably disposed toward psychiatry compared with other specialists, especially surgeons, in all countries except Israel. This study adds to evidence for the association of medical attitudes with in idual clinician factors and demonstrates that the influence of these factors varies by country. Understanding these issues may help to overcome barriers and improve quality of care provided to general hospital patients.
Location: No location found
Location: Korea, Republic of
Location: Australia
No related grants have been discovered for Inoka Wimalaratne.