ORCID Profile
0000-0002-7581-1639
Current Organisation
Swinburne University of Technology
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In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Biomaterials | Biomedical Engineering | Metals and Alloy Materials | Analytical Chemistry | Microwave And Millimetrewave Technology | Medical Devices | Biomaterials | Biomechanical Engineering | Analytical Spectrometry | Civil Engineering | Alloy Materials | Nanomaterials | Communications Technologies | Orthopaedics | Manufacturing Engineering | Construction Engineering | Manufacturing Processes and Technologies (excl. Textiles) | Materials Engineering | Structural Engineering | Numerical Modelling and Mechanical Characterisation | Ceramics | Regenerative Medicine (incl. Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering) | Condensed Matter Physics—Electronic And Magnetic Properties;
Expanding Knowledge in Engineering | Coated Metal and Metal-Coated Products | Telecommunications | Education and Training Systems not elsewhere classified | Measurement standards and calibration services not elsewhere classified | Skeletal System and Disorders (incl. Arthritis) | Health related to ageing | Integrated circuits and devices | Surgical methods and procedures | Expanding Knowledge in Technology | Ceramics, glass and industrial mineral products not elsewhere classified | Housing | Housing | Commercial | Medical Instruments | Skeletal system and disorders (incl. arthritis) | Diagnostics | Treatments (e.g. chemicals, antibiotics) |
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1992
DOI: 10.1007/BF01165955
Publisher: ASME International
Date: 1985
DOI: 10.1115/1.3239674
Abstract: Acoustic emission techniques have recently been used in a number of studies to investigate the performance and failure behavior of plasma-sprayed thermal barrier coatings. Failure of the coating is a complex phenomena, especially when the composite nature of the coating is considered in the light of possible failure mechanisms. Thus it can be expected that both the metal and ceramic components (i.e., the bond coat and ceramic overlay) of a composite thermal protection system influence the macroscopic behavior and performance of the coating. The aim of the present work is to summarize the “state-of-the-art” in terms of this initial work and indicate where future progress may be made.
Publisher: Springer Nature Singapore
Date: 15-12-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1997
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-02-2022
DOI: 10.3390/BIOM12020264
Abstract: Defensins form an integral part of the cationic host defence peptide (HDP) family, a key component of innate immunity. Apart from their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities, many HDPs exert multifaceted effects on tumour cells, notably direct oncolysis and/or inhibition of tumour cell migration. Therefore, HDPs have been explored as promising anticancer therapeutics. Human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2) represents a prominent member of human HDPs, being well-characterised for its potent pathogen-killing, wound-healing, cytokine-inducing and leukocyte-chemoattracting functions. However, its anticancer effects remain largely unknown. Recently, we demonstrated that HBD-2 binds strongly to phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), a key mediator of defensin-induced cell death and an instructional messenger during cell migration. Hence, in this study, we sought to investigate the lytic and anti-migratory effects of HBD-2 on tumour cells. Using various cell biological assays and confocal microscopy, we showed that HBD-2 killed tumour cells via acute lytic cell death rather than apoptosis. In addition, our data suggested that, despite the reported PI(4,5)P2 interaction, HBD-2 does not affect cytoskeletal-dependent tumour cell migration. Together, our findings provide further insights into defensin biology and informs future defensin-based drug development.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2001
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF00121092
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2001
DOI: 10.1002/JBM.1056
Abstract: The clinical use of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on metal implants has aroused as many controversies as interests over the last decade. Although faster and stronger fixation and more bone growth have been revealed, the performance of HA-coated implants has been doubted. This article will initially address the fundamentals of the material selection, design, and processing of the HA coating and show how the coating microstructure and properties can be a good predictor of the expected behavior in the body. Further discussion will clarify the major concerns with the clinical use of HA coatings and introduce a comprehensive review concerning the outcomes experienced with respect to clinical practice over the past 5 years. A reflection on the results indicates that HA coatings can promote earlier and stronger fixation but exhibit a durability that can be related to the coating quality. Specific relationships between coating quality and clinical performance are being established as characterization methods disclose more information about the coating.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1990
DOI: 10.1007/BF00035094
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1039/C7CP02000G
Abstract: The negatively charged defects and accumulated electrons at the interfacial layer of tantalum- and silver-doped nanograined TiO 2 increase its bonding strength.
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-1983
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1999
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-05-2017
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2001
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 23-02-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-1995
DOI: 10.1007/BF02648530
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2001
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-10-2021
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-06-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1996
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1992
DOI: 10.1007/BF02647162
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 31-03-2015
DOI: 10.3390/JFB6020153
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-11-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1984
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1995
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2006
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2008
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2001
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 08-2014
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/KEM.626.468
Abstract: Experimental observations and data are employed to elucidate the effect of indenter size on the deformation and energy absorption of composite sandwich beams. Unlike metal face sheets that yield and plastically deform to create an intact indentation zone composite face sheets tend to fail in a brittle manner resulting in fibre breakage that leads to widespread fracture. This mode of failure can dictate how the load is transferred throughout the structure and directly affect the energy absorption character of the composite sandwich beam. Quasi-static and low velocity impact (LVI) three-point bending experiments with various indenter diameters were conducted to observe the interaction between indenter and face sheet and the energy absorption properties. The results are compared with existing analytical expressions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1987
DOI: 10.1007/BF03257564
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2002
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF02646267
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2006
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 06-10-2005
DOI: 10.1021/MA051335+
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1997
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-1996
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1997
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1997
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF02658976
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 31-05-2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-1995
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1995
DOI: 10.1007/BF00352139
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2006
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1998
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1997
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-02-2014
DOI: 10.1111/JACE.12842
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2002
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2003
Abstract: The microstructures of thick plasma-sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia (8% mass fraction yttria) deposits were studied in a series of Porod small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and multiple small-angle neutron scattering (MSANS) experiments. Three main void components were identified in the deposits: intrasplat cracks, interlamellar planar pores, and globular pores. The SANS and MSANS measurements were analyzed using the traditional theory for Porod scattering and a recently developed three-component model for MSANS evaluation. The average size, volume fraction, internal surface area, and orientation distribution for each void component within the deposits were determined. This study focused on gaining a better understanding of the effects of initial feedstock particle size and annealing temperatures on the microstructure of deposits sprayed under equivalent particle-impact conditions. Quantitative results are presented for each of four deposit s les: one prepared using the as-received feedstock particle wide-size distribution and three prepared from feedstock powder of different and relatively narrow particle size ranges with average sizes of 32, 47, and 88 μm. Except for the coarse (88 μm) feedstock powder, only mild monotonic variations were found in the microstructural anisotropies, the porosities (13 ± 1%), and the internal surface areas in the as-sprayed deposits. The internal surface area was independent of the feedstock particle size, even with the coarse feedstock. When the deposits were annealed at high temperatures (1100 and 1400 °C), the microstructures were altered with a reduction of the total internal surface area and a mild coarsening of the voids. These changes in the microstructural evolution were well-captured and described by the three-component model. The results were compared and related with those obtained from scanning electron microscopy images and elastic moduli measurements.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1997
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF02649003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1997
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1163/156856202760319135
Abstract: The complex biological and mechanical requirements for implant materials in the human body generally cannot be furnished by one single material. In the present study, hydroxyapatite olymer composite coatings with different contents of hydroxyapatite were produced using a flame spray system. This processing route is intended to obtain a coating with an optimal combination of biological and mechanical properties of these two materials for skeletal implants. The composite coatings were produced from a mechanical blend of hydroxyapatite and ethylene methacrylic acid copolymer powders, which were delivered from a fluidized bed powder feeder. Characterization of the coating surface morphology, polished coating cross-sections, and fracture surface morphology was conducted by scanning electron microscopy. The dissolution behavior of the coatings was evaluated with a calcium-specific ion meter. The stress-strain behavior was investigated by tensile testing. The biological and mechanical properties were found to be related to the volume and distribution of the hydroxyapatite in the polymer matrix. This technique provides a means of preparing hydroxyapatite olymer coatings for application as implants.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-03-2012
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-1992
DOI: 10.1007/BF02657009
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 15-11-2019
Abstract: In this work, we measured the mechanical properties and tested the cell viability of a bioceramic coating, strontium–hardystonite–gahnite (Sr–HT–G, Sr–Ca2ZnSi2O7–ZnAl2O4), to evaluate potential use of this novel bioceramic for bone regeneration applications. The evaluation of Sr–HT–G coatings deposited via atmospheric plasma spray (APS) onto Ti–6Al–4V substrates have been contrasted to the properties of the well-known commercial standard coating of hydroxyapatite (HAp: Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2). The Sr–HT–G coating exhibited uniform distribution of hardness and elastic moduli across its cross-section whereas the HAp coating presented large statistical variations of these distributions. The Sr–HT–G coating also revealed higher results of microhardness, nanohardness and elastic moduli than those shown for the HAp coating. The nanoscratch tests for the Sr–HT–G coating presented a low volume of material removal without high plastic deformation, while the HAp coating revealed ploughing behaviour with a large pileup of materials and plastic deformation along the scratch direction. Furthermore, nanoscanning wear tests indicated that Sr–HT–G had a lower wear volume than the HAp coating. The Sr–HT–G coating had slightly higher cell attachment density and spreading area compared to the HAp coating indicating that both coatings have good biocompatibility for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB21204A
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-11-2015
Publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
Date: 2013
DOI: 10.4028/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET/KEM.535-536.409
Abstract: The collapse modes and energy absorption in three-point bending of composite sandwich beams were explored experimentally. Sandwich beams manufactured from woven carbon fibre face sheets encapsulating aluminium foam cores were investigated at 0.001 s-1 and 100 s-1 strain rates. Three modes of failure were observed during deformation: Modes H1, H2 and H3. The direction of core shear played an important role in the energy absorption of the structure. Mode H2 gave rise to the highest specific energy absorption of the composite sandwich beams studied.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1994
DOI: 10.1007/BF02648276
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1990
DOI: 10.1007/BF02834068
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-07-2008
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S11666-021-01185-Z
Abstract: The global thermal spray coatings market was valued at USD 10.1 billion in 2019 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 3.9% from 2020 to 2027. Carbide coatings form an essential segment of this market and provide cost-effective and environmental friendly tribological solutions for applications in aerospace, industrial gas turbine, automotive, printing, oil and gas, steel, and pulp and paper industries. Almost 23% of the world’s total energy consumption originates from tribological contacts. Thermal spray WC-Co coatings provide excellent wear resistance for industrial applications in sliding and rolling contacts. Some of these applications in abrasive, sliding and erosive conditions include sink rolls in zinc pots, conveyor screws, pump housings, impeller shafts, aircraft flap tracks, cam followers and expansion joints. These coatings are considered as a replacement of the hazardous chrome plating for tribological applications. The microstructure of thermal spray coatings is however complex, and the wear mechanisms and wear rates vary significantly when compared to cemented WC-Co carbides or vapour deposition WC coatings. This paper provides an expert review of the tribological considerations that dictate the sliding wear performance of thermal spray WC-Co coatings. Structure–property relationships and failure modes are discussed to grasp the design aspects of WC-Co coatings for tribological applications. Recent developments of suspension sprayed nanocomposite coatings are compared with conventional coatings in terms of performance and failure mechanisms. The dependency of coating microstructure, binder material, carbide size, fracture toughness, post-treatment and hardness on sliding wear performance and test methodology is discussed. Semiempirical mathematical models of wear rate related to the influence of tribological test conditions and coating characteristics are analysed for sliding contacts. Finally, advances for numerical modelling of sliding wear rate are discussed.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-1996
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2001
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2001
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2005
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-02-2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2021
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 08-12-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2008
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1989
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACTBIO.2010.09.023
Abstract: Mechanical compatibility between a coating and a substrate is important for the longevity of implant materials. While previous studies have utilized the entire coating for analysis of mechanical compatibility of the surface, this study focuses on the nanoindentation of a uniformly thermally sprayed splat. Hydroxyapatite was thermally sprayed to create a homogeneous deposit density, as confirmed by microRaman spectroscopy, of amorphous calcium phosphate. Substrates were commercially pure Ti, Ti-6Al-4V, Co-Cr alloy and stainless steel. Nanoindentation revealed that splats deposited on the different metals have similar hardness and elastic modulus values of 4.2 ± 0.2 GPa and 80 ± 3 GPa, respectively. The mechanical properties were affected by the substrate type more than residual stresses, which were found to be low. It is recommended that amorphous calcium phosphate is annealed to relieve the quenching stress or that appropriate temperature histories are chosen to relax the stress created in cooling the coating assembly.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACTBIO.2014.10.037
Abstract: Studies of biomaterial surfaces and their influence on cell behavior provide insights concerning the design of surface physicochemical and topography properties of implant materials. Fabrication of biocompatible metal oxide nanotubes on metallic biomaterials, especially titanium alloys such as Ti50Zr via anodization, alters the surface chemistry as well as surface topography of the alloy. In this study, four groups of TiO2-ZrO2-ZrTiO4 nanotubes that exhibit erse nanoscale dimensional characteristics (i.e. inner diameter Di, outer diameter Do and wall thicknesses Wt) were fabricated via anodization. The nanotubes were annealed and characterized using scanning electron microscopy and 3-D profilometry. The potential applied during anodization influenced the oxidation rate of titanium and zirconium, thereby resulting in different nanoscale characteristics for the nanotubes. The different oxidation and dissolution rates both led to changes in the surface roughness parameters. The in vitro cell response to the nanotubes with different nanoscale dimensional characteristics was assessed using osteoblast cells (SaOS2). The results of the MTS assay indicated that the nanotubes with inner diameter (Di)≈40nm exhibited the highest percentage of cell adhesion of 41.0%. This result can be compared to (i) 25.9% cell adhesion at Di≈59nm, (ii) 33.1% at Di≈64nm, and (iii) 33.5% at Di≈82nm. The nanotubes with Di≈59nm exhibited the greatest roughness parameter of Sa (mean roughness), leading to the lowest ability to interlock with SaOS2 cells.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2011
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0NR05617K
Abstract: The heterogeneity of fungal biofilms are spatially characterized using a combination of AFM, nanoindentation, and ATR-FTIR.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5BM00007F
Abstract: Cell adhesion on the TiO 2 –ZrO 2 –ZrTiO 4 nanotubes fabricated via anodization using a non-aqueous electrolyte was significantly influenced by the nanoscale topographical parameters.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-1997
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 04-07-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-10-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1997
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1988
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-1998
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-08-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1992
DOI: 10.1007/BF02659007
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-1998
Abstract: The influence of microstructure on the indentation cracking behavior of molybdenum disilicide (MoSi 2 ) has been examined. The indentation response of s les produced by various methods has been measured to examine the elastic lastic nature, hardness, and fracture toughness. Fracture toughness comparisons were made by measuring indentation crack lengths, observing the elastic lastic indentation response, and quantifying the differences in the indentation cracking behavior. Further information was gained by monitoring the acoustic activity during indentation for selected specimens. It has been observed that the fine grain size and the dispersion of the silica phase promote microcracking and crack deflection.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2011
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-1998
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-11-2007
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-2002
DOI: 10.1002/JBM.10315
Abstract: One of the most important concerns with the clinical use of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings is the resorption of the coating, and dissolution at neutral pH is one of the two major resorption mechanisms. In this study, highly crystalline pure HA powders were atmospherically plasma sprayed using various parameters. Dissolution of both HA powders and coatings was measured using a calcium ion meter. Surface characteristics, including phase, morphology, and roughness, were compared for the coatings before and after dissolution. Pulverized HA coatings exhibited significantly higher dissolution compared with the same quantity of feedstock HA powders because of the decreased crystallinity and fine crystal size of the coating. Furthermore, the dissolution decreased with the crystallinity of the coating. Dissolution of HA coatings did not show much difference with respect to the coatings in the initial stage of immersion (4 h). However, dissolution of all coatings reached saturation in a fresh physiological solution. The saturation values were much lower compared with their counterparts in the form of powders, which may imply the stability of HA coatings in long-term use. In addition to crystallinity, the particle melting status in the coatings, i.e., the volume of nanocrystals, and porosity, was found to be another important factor for the dissolution of the HA coating. X-ray diffraction patterns of HA coatings indicated the complete dissolution of impurity phases and amorphous phase after the coatings were immersed in the solution for 4 days. Coatings sprayed at lower power (27.5 kW) exhibited a pattern of crystalline HA whereas coatings sprayed at higher power (42 kW) exhibited a pattern of bone apatite. Surface morphologies showed preferential dissolution of amorphous phase in all coatings accompanied with precipitation of bone apatite observable for coatings sprayed at higher power. Surface roughness measured after the dissolution studies increased for the two coatings sprayed at lower power level but decreased for coatings sprayed at higher power level. This decrease is attributed to the better match in solubility characteristics between the fine crystals and the amorphous calcium phosphate within the coating.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-1998
DOI: 10.1002/PEN.10357
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1997
Publisher: ASMEDC
Date: 2008
DOI: 10.1115/MN2008-47025
Abstract: Nanostructured and conventional titania (TiO2) coatings were thermally sprayed using air plasma spray (APS) and high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) processes. The fatigue and mechanical properties of these coatings were investigated. The fatigue strength of coatings deposited onto low-carbon steel showed that the nanostructured titania coated specimens exhibited significantly higher fatigue strength compared to the conventionally sprayed titania. SEM analysis of fracture surfaces revealed valuable information regarding the influence of these coatings on the performance of the coated component. Analysis of surface deformation around Vickers indentations was carried out. This investigation gives new understanding to the nature of fatigue and deformation of these coatings.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 09-02-2008
DOI: 10.1021/IE071099M
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-07-2013
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1984
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-1997
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-09-2016
DOI: 10.1186/S12866-016-0843-Z
Abstract: Pneumococcal adherence to the nasopharyngeal epithelium is a critical step in colonisation and disease. The probiotic bacterium, Streptococcus salivarius, can inhibit pneumococcal adherence to epithelial cells in vitro. We investigated the mechanism(s) of inhibition using a human pharyngeal epithelial cell line (Detroit 562) following pre-administration of two different strains of S. salivarius. Whilst the bacteriocin-encoding megaplasmids of S. salivarius strains K12 and M18 were essential to prevent pneumococcal growth on solid media, they were not required to inhibit pneumococcal adherence. Experiments testing S. salivarius K12 and two pneumococcal isolates (serotypes 19F and 6A) showed that inhibition of 19F may involve S. salivarius-mediated blocking of pneumococcal binding sites: a negative correlation was observed between adherence of K12 and 19F, and no inhibition occurred when K12 was prevented from contacting epithelial cells. K12-mediated inhibition of adherence by 6A may involve additional mechanisms, since no correlation was observed between adherence of K12 and 6A, and K12 could inhibit 6A adherence in the absence of cell contact. These results suggest that S. salivarius employs several mechanisms, including blocking pneumococcal binding sites, to reduce pneumococcal adherence to pharyngeal epithelial cells. These findings extend our understanding of how probiotics may inhibit pneumococcal adherence and could assist with the development of novel strategies to prevent pneumococcal colonisation in the future.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2000
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-05-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2007
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1999
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 17-02-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-10-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-1998
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-02-2015
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1989
DOI: 10.1007/BF02834137
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 13-12-2021
DOI: 10.3390/MET11122016
Abstract: The cold spray process is governed by the impact of high velocity feedstock particles onto a substrate without melting. Hence, the bulk material properties are retained. However, it is challenging to achieve good adhesion strength. The adhesion strength depends on factors such as the cold spray process parameters, substrate conditions, coating/substrate interactions at the interface and feedstock material properties. This review examines fundamental studies concerning the adhesion mechanisms of cold spray technology and considers the effect of cold spray input parameters such as temperature, stand-off-distance, pressure, process gas, spray angle, and traverse speed of the cold spray torch on the bonding mechanism and adhesion strength. Furthermore, the effects of substrate conditions such as temperature, hardness, roughness and material on the adhesion mechanism are highlighted. The effect of feedstock properties, such as feed rate, shape and size are summarized. Understanding the effect of these parameters is necessary to obtain the optimal input parameters that enable the best interfacial properties for a range of coating/substrate material combinations. It is expected that feedstock of spherical morphology and small particle size ( μm) provides optimal interfacial properties when deposited onto a mirror-finished substrate surface using high pressure cold spray. Deep insights into each parameter exposes the uncovered potential of cold spray as an additive manufacturing method.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1992
DOI: 10.1007/BF02647154
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-1996
DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(96)88715-1
Abstract: Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings were prepared by three thermal spraying methods: flame spraying, high velocity oxygen fuel spraying and plasma spraying. The HA was then examined by Rietveld analysis using the General Structure Analysis Software package (GSAS) and the results compared with those for the precursor powder. A comparison between HA before and after spraying showed that all three spraying methods caused a distortion in the unit cell in the form of a unit cell a-axis length decrease and a c-axis increase. Overall unit cell volumes showed a difference between the three thermal methods, with flame spraying and high velocity oxygen fuel methods giving a unit cell volume increase and the air plasma spraying method showing a decrease, compared to the starting powders. The two different starting powders used each showed a high oxygen occupancy for the hydroxyl oxygen. When thermally sprayed, both powders gave a reduction in occupancy, which suggested carbonate substitution for the OH group, but this was subsequently removed when thermally processed. The spraying also formed oxyapatite, indicated both by spectral analysis showing a reduction in the hydroxyl peak and by the hydroxyl oxygen occupancy falling to a level below 0.5. Major differences between the three spraying methods could be seen in the distortion index calculations. The thermal spraying techniques gave an increase in the distortion index, but it was significantly higher for the plasma-sprayed coating.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 1991
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2002
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1999
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-01-2003
DOI: 10.1002/APP.11648
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1039/C8TA00132D
Abstract: 2D layered organic–inorganic heterostructures are some of the most promising materials for a broad range of high-efficiency clean energy devices.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 15-03-1998
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(19980315)39:4<580::AID-JBM12>3.0.CO;2-B
Abstract: Thermally processed hydroxyapatite coatings used on dental implants and hip prostheses for enhanced fixation may typically consist of a number of chemical and structural phases. These phases affect coating performance and tissue attachment. Hydroxyapatite was plasma sprayed to examine the phase evolution during processing. Coatings were examined with X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis. Results indicate that phase transformations are produced by (a) preferential removal of hydroxyl and phosphate leading to a change in melt composition, and (b) the high cooling rate due to the thermal spray process. Hydroxyl group removal promotes the amorphous phase and oxyapatite. Further heating produces a less viscous melt facilitating decomposition of hydroxyapatite to tricalcium and tetracalcium phosphate. Phosphate removal during flight produces a more calcium-rich melt preferring tetracalcium phosphate and calcium oxide formation. A proposed model shows the phase location within the lamellae of these coatings. Coating processes must thus prevent removal of hydroxide and phosphate during processing to maximize the hydroxyapatite content.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-03-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2010
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-1997
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-03-1998
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4636(19980305)39:3<407::AID-JBM9>3.0.CO;2-N
Abstract: The amorphous phase content of air plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings is dependent upon spraying and deposition conditions. X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy were used to investigate the influence of spray parameters on the formation of the amorphous phase. Results show three factors which most influence the formation of the amorphous phase: dehydroxylation of the molten particle during flight, the cooling rate as it impinges onto the metal substrate, and the substrate temperature. Crystalline regions were identified as unmelted particles and elongated recrystallized areas. Amorphous phase regions vary throughout the coating but are more commonly found at the coating-substrate interface, i.e., the regions decrease toward the surface of the coating. Such an inhomogeneous distribution of phase content is expected to affect the clinical process of bone deposition, and therefore successful implant fixation.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 1997
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1995
DOI: 10.1007/BF02648638
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2003
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1988
DOI: 10.1007/BF03258788
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41467-023-36280-Y
Abstract: Crocodilians are an order of ancient reptiles that thrive in pathogen-rich environments. The ability to inhabit these harsh environments is indicative of a resilient innate immune system. Defensins, a family of cysteine-rich cationic host defence peptides, are a major component of the innate immune systems of all plant and animal species, however crocodilian defensins are poorly characterised. We now show that the saltwater crocodile defensin CpoBD13 harbors potent antifungal activity that is mediated by a pH-dependent membrane-targeting action. CpoBD13 binds the phospholipid phosphatidic acid (PA) to form a large helical oligomeric complex, with specific histidine residues mediating PA binding. The utilisation of histidine residues for PA engagement allows CpoBD13 to exhibit differential activity at a range of environmental pH values, where CpoBD13 is optimally active in an acidic environment.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2001
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-12-2004
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2000
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1002/PEN.20141
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-1997
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-1998
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 1993
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-1984
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-1998
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-1989
DOI: 10.1007/BF02385733
Publisher: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Date: 06-06-1988
DOI: 10.1115/88-GT-277
Abstract: The material property measurements of thermal barrier coatings from cyclic furnace, thermal rig, thermal expansion, acoustic emission and tensile adhesion test methods are critically examined. Some basic engineering properties of coatings such as the elastic modulus have not been measured without ambiguity. Data of this nature is essential to the success of modeling studies. Insights into the mechanical properties of coatings have been gained by carrying out instrumented tensile adhesion tests. The general view of the coating deformation process is that the in idual lamellae slide over each other and this promotes a “pseudo-ductility” response in the coating. Monitoring of the acoustic emission response of coatings during thermal cycling experiments suggests that there are two distinct cracking processes. The macro-cracking behaviour, indicated by a change in the acoustic emission count rate, is the predominant mechanism which leads to coating failure. It is further shown that the acceptance tests used by industry, although useful in ranking coatings in terms of a particular property, present no fundamental knowledge concerning the material properties of coatings. It is only when the phenomenological characteristics of the thermo-mechanical response of coatings is understood that coating development will substantially progress.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 1997
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-07-2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2003
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2007
Start Date: 2007
End Date: 12-2007
Amount: $150,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2006
End Date: 12-2006
Amount: $150,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2010
End Date: 12-2010
Amount: $350,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 2021
End Date: 12-2024
Amount: $525,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 09-2006
End Date: 06-2010
Amount: $90,450.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 03-2018
End Date: 06-2022
Amount: $4,420,408.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityStart Date: 03-2019
End Date: 03-2025
Amount: $4,889,410.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity