ORCID Profile
0000-0002-9598-2152
Current Organisation
University of Western Australia
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Geochemistry | Exploration Geochemistry | Analytical Chemistry | Soil Sciences | Chemical Spectroscopy | Solid State Chemistry | Physical Chemistry (Incl. Structural) | Soil Chemistry | Land Capability And Soil Degradation | Environmental Impact Assessment | Sustainable Development | Chemical Oceanography | Ionospheric And Magnetospheric Physics | Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology | Petroleum Geology | Isotope Geochemistry | Analytical Chemistry Not Elsewhere Classified | Environmental Chemistry (Incl. Atmospheric Chemistry) |
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Land and water management | Ecosystem Assessment and Management of Coastal and Estuarine Environments | Oil and gas | Substance abuse | Mineral Exploration not elsewhere classified | Integrated (ecosystem) assessment and management | Chemical sciences | Physical sciences | Land and water management | Water services and utilities | Expanding Knowledge in the Earth Sciences
Related Links
Publications
Formation of trace element biogeochemical anomalies in surface soils: the role of biota
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 11-2009
Silver ion desorption kinetics from iron oxides and soil organic matter: effect of adsorption period
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2004
DOI: 10.1071/SR03056
Abstract: In order to have a better understanding of the mobility and bioavailability of silver in the environment, it is important to investigate the desorption behaviour of silver from some environmentally relevant soil components. Four single soil constituents (charcoal, humic acid, ferrihydrite, goethite) were chosen to investigate the rate of desorption of silver ions. The effect of reaction period between silver and the soil constituents on subsequent desorption was also investigated. A significant proportion of Ag+ sorbed by Fe oxides, humic acid, and charcoal cannot readily be desorbed back into solution. For goethite and humic acid, a longer contact period between Ag+ and the adsorbing phase caused subsequent slower rates of desorption, and a smaller proportion of adsorbed Ag+ was desorbed back into solution. Two-site and log-normal equations, assuming the desorption reaction was first-order, gave excellent fits to experimental data, except for Ag+ desorption from charcoal, in which case the kinetic experimental data fitted to a 1-site model better. The parameters obtained from the modelling provide information regarding the possible changes in metal–oxide binding and metal–humic acid complexing mechanisms, and these changes can be interpreted as a re-arrangement of Ag ions to sites with slower desorption reaction rates. All the reaction sites on charcoal have very similar desorption rates (rate constants), and these sites are relatively slow to desorb Ag. Fe oxides, and humic acid and charcoal could be very important sinks for Ag. The longer the Ag interacts with soils in environment, the less mobile Ag becomes, and the less toxic and bioavailable it will be to living organisms.
Data for assessment of sediment, soil, and water quality at Ashfield flats reserve, Western Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2022
Trace element reactivity in FeS-rich estuarine sediments: Influence of formation environment and acid sulfate soil drainage
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2012.08.088
Abstract: Iron monosulfides (FeS) precipitate during benthic mineralisation of organic C and are well known to have a strong influence on trace element bioavailability in sediments. In this study we investigate the reactivity of trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Zn) in sediments containing abundant and persistent FeS stores, collected from a south-western Australian estuarine system. Our objective was to explore the influence of sediment formation conditions on trace element reactivity by investigating sediments collected from different environments, including estuarine, riverine and acid sulfate soil influenced sites, within a single estuarine system. In general, we found a higher degree of reactivity (defined by 1 mol/L HCl extractions) for Cd, Mn, Pb and Zn, compared with a lower reactivity of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo and Ni. Moderate to strong correlations (R(2)>0.4, P<0.05) were observed between AVS and reactive Cd, Co, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn within many of the formation environments. In contrast, correlations between AVS and As, Cr and Cu were generally poor (not significant, R(2) 0.05). Based on their reactivity and correlations with AVS, it appears that interactions (sorption, co-precipitation) between FeS and Cd, Mn, Pb and Zn in many of the sediments from this study are probable. Our data also demonstrate that drainage from acid sulfate soils (ASS) can be a source of trace elements at specific sites. A principal components analysis of our reactive (1 mol/L HCl extractable) trace element data clearly distinguished sites receiving ASS drainage from the other non-impacted sites, by a high contribution from Fe-Co-Mn-Ni along the first principal axis, and contributions from higher S-As/lower reactive Pb along the second axis. This demonstrates that trace element reactivity in sediments may provide a geochemical signature for sites receiving ASS drainage.
Iron monosulfide enrichment and the presence of organosulfur in eutrophic estuarine sediments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2012
Sorption of cadmium(II) and copper(II) by soil humic acids: temperature effects and sorption heterogeneity
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-2010
Application of high‐resolution Mobile Metal Ion (MMI) soil geochemistry to archaeological investigations: An example from a Roman metal working site, Somerset, United Kingdom
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-05-2017
DOI: 10.1002/GEA.21618
Inorganic Contaminants in Urban Soils
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Metals adsorbed to charcoal are not identifiable by sequential extraction
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1071/EN06051
Abstract: Environmental context. Charcoal is widespread in soils and may be a major component of soil organic matter. Trace metal ions in soils are predominantly associated with solid phase materials, including charcoal, and the identity of the solid phase and the mechanisms of association influence the geochemical behaviour of metals. Metals associated with soil mineral phases are estimated using techniques such as selective sequential extraction, and the sorption reactions of metal ions are well understood. Much less is known about the associations of trace metals with natural charcoal, and metals associated with charcoal in soils are likely to be misidentified in sequential extraction procedures. Abstract. Given that up to 50% of the soil carbon store can consist of charcoal, it is possible that trace elements can become immobilised through their interaction with natural charcoal. Hence, natural charcoal may be a significant sink that has yet to be accounted for in trace element biogeochemical cycles. Testing this hypothesis becomes problematic considering the typically small size ( µm) of charcoal particles that occur naturally in Australian soils, making isolation and analysis of natural soil charcoal difficult. Therefore, in this study, we test the robustness of a typical sequential extraction technique by applying it to naturally occurring charcoal that had been spiked with five different concentrations of metal ions (Al3+, Cr3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Ag+, Pb2+). The method was then applied to contrasting soils mixed with this spiked charcoal. The sequential extraction scheme consisted of the following five extractions the in order: (1) sodium acetate (targeting the adsorbed-exchangeable-carbonate fraction), (2) sodium pyrophosphate (organic fraction), (3) ammonium oxalate (amorphous iron/manganese oxides), (4) hydroxylamine hydrochloride (crystalline iron/manganese oxides) and (5) residual (aqua regia digest). The majority of metals added to the charcoal were extracted in the fractions targeting both the amorphous and crystalline iron and manganese oxides, at low additions of metal ions. At higher additions of metals, the metals were mostly extracted from charcoal in the adsorbed-exchangeable-carbonate fraction. When the spiked charcoal was added to soils, a trend similar to the charcoal-only experiment was observed in the sequential extraction data. Higher concentrations of metals (compared with the control) were extracted for the charcoal-amended soils, in the same fractions as in the charcoal-only extractions. Since the concentration of metals extracted in the various extractants changed with increasing metal loads on charcoal, sequential extractions cannot be used to identify the contribution of metals from the charcoal pool. Therefore, a potentially large pool of trace elements could be misrepresented when sequential extraction techniques are applied, particularly for soils in which there is a large concentration of charcoal. Hence, there is still a large gap in knowledge with regard to the significance of charcoal in ‘real’ soils, particularly with respect to the role of charcoal as a trace element sink.
Urban Soil Physics
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Organic Contaminants in Urban Soils
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Lysimeter study of the fate of nutrients following subsurface injection and surface application of dairy pond sludge to pasture
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-1996
Organic Substrates in Bioremediation of Acidic Saline Drainage Waters by Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-09-2009
Urban Soil as a Source and Sink
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Application of biosolids in mineral sands mine rehabilitation: use of stockpiled topsoil decreases trace element uptake by plants
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2004
DOI: 10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00206-2
Abstract: Mineral sands mining involves stripping topsoil to access heavy-mineral bearing deposits, which are then rehabilitated to their original state, commonly pasture in south-west Western Australia. Organic amendments such as biosolids (digested sewage sludge) can contribute organic carbon to the rehabilitating system and improve soil chemical fertility and physical conditions. Use of biosolids also introduces the risk of contamination of the soil-plant system with heavy metals, but may be a useful source of trace elements to plants if the concentrations of these elements are low in unamended soil. We expected that biosolids amendment of areas mined for mineral sands would result in increased concentrations of metals in soils and plants, and that metal uptake would be decreased by adding stockpiled topsoil or by liming. A glasshouse experiment growing a mixed annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)-subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) sward was conducted using two soil materials (residue sand/clay and conserved topsoil) from a mineral sands mine amended with different rates of biosolids (0, 10, 20, 50 dry t/ha), and including a liming treatment (2 t/ha). Total concentrations of metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in soil increased with increasing rate of biosolids application. Metal uptake was generally lower where topsoil was present and was decreased by liming. With increasing biosolids application, plant metal concentrations increased for Cd, Ni and Zn but decreased or were erratic for other elements. In clover, biosolids application removed the Zn deficiency observed where biosolids were not applied. Plant uptake of all elements increased with increasing biosolids application, suggesting dilution by increased plant biomass was responsible for erratic metal concentration results. Despite the observed increases in uptake of metals by plants, metal concentrations in both species were low and below food standard thresholds. It is unlikely that a single application of biosolids in this system posed a threat from heavy metal contamination of soils or plants, and was beneficial in terms of Zn nutrition of T. subterraneum.
Formation and Properties of Urban Soils
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Urban Ecosystems: Soils and the Rise and Fall of Cities
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Urban Soil Functions
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Spatial Variability and Data Analysis in Urban Soils
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Reactive transport controls on sandy acid sulfate soils and impacts on shallow groundwater quality
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 06-2014
DOI: 10.1002/2013WR014404
Urban Soils
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Development of the Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Technique for the Measurement of Labile Gold in Natural Waters
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 08-2012
DOI: 10.1021/AC301003G
Abstract: Gold is a precious metal that exists in most soils, sediments, and natural waters at extremely low concentrations (<1 μg/kg). The diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique, used extensively for measuring trace metal concentrations in soils, sediments, and waters, has potential for geochemical exploration for gold, but has not been developed for this metal. This work investigates the possibility of measuring labile gold using DGT by introducing a new binding layer based on activated carbon. The performance of this new technique was assessed using gold(III) chloride in solution by: (1) determining the diffusion coefficient of gold(III) in hydrogels (2) determining the uptake of gold(III) chloride by the new activated carbon binding layer (3) determining an elution methodology for the binding layer and evaluating its efficiency (4) assessing the capacity of the activated carbon binding layer to adsorb gold (5) determining the effect of pH and ionic strength (as NaCl) on performance, and (6) assessing the selectivity of the new binding layer for gold. It was found that the diffusion coefficient of gold(III) increased as solution pH decreased. The diffusion coefficient also increased at high ionic strength (≥0.1 M NaCl). Accounting for these phenomena, the DGT technique behaved predictably under all tested conditions. The technique can potentially be used as a geochemical exploration tool for gold in soils and in aqueous environments, with method detection limits as low as 0.9 ng/L for a 7-day deployment.
Redistribution and mobilization of titanium, zirconium and thorium in an intensely weathered lateritic profile in Western Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2012
Adjustment of weak partial extraction data assuming metal ion adsorption: examples using bulk cyanide leach
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 05-2010
Enrichment and fractionation of rare earth elements in FeS- and organic-rich estuarine sediments receiving acid sulfate soil drainage
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2012
Geochemical indices allow estimation of heavy metal background concentrations in soils
Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Date: 28-01-2004
DOI: 10.1029/2003GB002063
Adsorption of Au(I, III) complexes on Fe, Mn oxides and humic acid
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2002
Accumulation and potential for transport of microplastics in stormwater drains into marine environments, Perth region, Western Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Response of wheat genotypes efficient in P utilisation and genotypes responsive to P fertilisation to different P banding depths and watering regimes
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1071/AR02040
Abstract: The capacity of wheat roots to lift water from subsoil with high moisture content into dry topsoil (hydraulic lift) and the subsequent impact on P uptake from dry topsoil are poorly understood. Two experiments were set up to test the capacity of 4 wheat genotypes differing in P efficiency to take up P from the fertiliser banded in dry topsoil (with wet subsoil). The interactions among genotypes, banding depths, and watering regimes (whole-profile or subsoil-only watering) were also characterised. The root system increased soil water content from 64 to 90 g/kg soil around the P fertiliser band by taking up water in the subsoil and releasing it into the dry topsoil during the night. Phosphorus applied as a band at 20 mg P/kg soil in dry topsoil (5 cm deep) significantly increased P uptake and shoot weight compared with a nil P control. Westonia and Gutha genotypes (efficient in P utilisation, based on dry matter produced per unit of P taken up) had higher shoot weights than Aroona and Wawht 2074 (genotypes responsive to P fertilisation, based on dry matter produced per unit of P fertiliser applied). Greater growth of wheat genotypes occurred in the treatment with P fertiliser banded at a depth of 5 cm compared with 15 cm in the whole-profile watering treatment, but no difference between banding depths was noted in the subsoil-only watering treatment. Wheat genotypes responsive to P fertilisation increased P uptake and shoot weight at the 5-cm P banding depth and the whole-profile watering treatment compared with genotypes efficient in P utilisation. Phosphorus-utilisation-efficient genotypes increased shoot growth more than other genotypes in the subsoil-only watering treatment. It can be concluded that roots of various wheat genotypes lift water from wet subsoil into the dry topsoil (hydraulic lift). Phosphorus fertiliser banded at 5-cm depth in dry topsoil increased P uptake and wheat growth due to the presence of hydraulically lifted water. Genotypes that are efficient in utilising P increased shoot weight more than genotypes responsive to P fertilisers in the subsoil-only watering treatment. In contrast, P-responsive genotypes increased shoot growth more than P-utilisation-efficient genotypes when P fertiliser was banded at 5-cm depth, and a whole-profile watering regime was imposed.
Fate of nitrogen in pig slurry applied to a New Zealand pasture soil
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 1997
DOI: 10.1071/S96088
Abstract: A 2-year lysimeter study was conducted to determine the fate of nitrogen in pig slurry applied to a moderately fertile, semi-free-draining pasture soil in the Canterbury Plains of New Zealand. Pig slurry was applied annually for 2 years in autumn, at 3 rates of 0, 200, and 400 kg N/ha to 12 large soil lysimeters (4 at each rate), 800 mm in diameter by 1200 mm deep. Slurry applied in Year 1 was labelled with 15N and a mass balance obtained at the end of the experiment. The mass balance showed that over the 2 years following application of 15N-labelled slurry, 8–19% was lost in the leachate, 20% was removed in the cut pasture, 15–26% was lost via volatilisation, 14–18% remained in the roots and soil, and approximately 30% was lost by denitrification. The high denitrification loss was attributed to (i) a large soil concentration of nitrate supplied from nitrification of the ammonium-N in the slurry (ii) a readily oxidisable source of carbon supplied in the slurry and (iii) transient anaerobic conditions produced by textural discontinuities and impeding layers within the soil profile. The fate of applied nitrogen between years was affected by the pattern of water inputs (rainfall and irrigation) and the resulting effect on drainage. Concentrations of inorganic nitrogen in the leachate from the 200 kg N/ha·year treatment were found to be consistently below 25 mg N/L, but those from the 400 kg N/ha·year treatment were considerably higher (c. 65 mg N/L) and persisted for a prolonged period. The latter N concentration represented a significant loss of nitrogen over the study period and may be of environmental concern.
More aggressive sequential extraction procedure to access stable forms of Pb and As in clay minerals of soils
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Multielement geochemistry identifies the spatial pattern of soil and sediment contamination in an urban parkland, Western Australia
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2018
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.01.332
Abstract: Urban environments are dynamic and highly heterogeneous, and multiple additions of potential contaminants are likely on timescales which are short relative to natural processes. The likely sources and location of soil or sediment contamination in urban environment should therefore be detectable using multielement geochemical composition combined with rigorously applied multivariate statistical techniques. Soil, wetland sediment, and street dust was s led along intersecting transects in Robertson Park in metropolitan Perth, Western Australia. S les were analysed for near-total concentrations of multiple elements (including Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Gd, La, Mn, Nd, Ni, Pb, Y, and Zn), as well as pH, and electrical conductivity. S les at some locations within Robertson Park had high concentrations of potentially toxic elements (Pb above Health Investigation Limits As, Ba, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn above Ecological Investigation Limits). However, these concentrations carry low risk due to the main land use as recreational open space, the low proportion of s les exceeding guideline values, and a tendency for the highest concentrations to be located within the less accessible wetland basin. The different spatial distributions of different groups of contaminants was consistent with different inputs of contaminants related to changes in land use and technology over the history of the site. Multivariate statistical analyses reinforced the spatial information, with principal component analysis identifying geochemical associations of elements which were also spatially related. A multivariate linear discriminant model was able to discriminate s les into a-priori types, and could predict s le type with 84% accuracy based on multielement composition. The findings suggest substantial advantages of characterising a site using multielement and multivariate analyses, an approach which could benefit investigations of other sites of concern.
Urban Soil and Human Health
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Urban Soil Remediation
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
The Future of Urban Soils
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 2022
Quantitative Assessment of the Distribution of Dissolved Au, As and Sb in Groundwater Using the Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Technique
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 10-10-2014
DOI: 10.1021/ES502468D
Abstract: The mobility of groundwater and its reactivity with subsurface lithologies makes it an ideal medium for investigating both the mineralogy of the extensive volume of the rocks and soils that it comes into contact with, including the distribution of potential commodities, and the presence of contaminants. Groundwater grab s ling is potentially an effective tool for evaluating metal and metalloid concentrations but can suffer from poor replication and high detection limits. This study evaluates the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique to detect signatures of Au mineralization in groundwater, as well as associated pathfinder and potential contaminant elements (As and Sb). The DGT technique was modified for Au by evaluating a "gel-less" configuration, with diffusion onto an activated carbon binding layer being controlled by the 0.13 mm thick filter membrane (0.45 μm porosity) only, in order to increase sensitivity in quiescent solutions. Laboratory-based measurements indicated that the diffusive boundary layer (DBL) was ∼ 0.40 mm in thickness in quiescent solutions. The modified DGT s lers were then deployed alongside ferrihydrite DGT devices (fitted with 0.8 mm diffusive gels) to simultaneously measure Au, As and Sb in groundwaters surrounding a known arsenopyrite-hosted Au ore body. DGT-measured Au concentrations ranged from 2.0 ng/L to 38.5 ng/L, and were within a factor of 5 of grab s le concentrations. DGT-measured concentrations of As and Sb were above the detection limits, while grab s le concentrations of As and Sb were often close to or below detection. The DGT technique demonstrated methodological improvement over grab s ling of groundwater for the investigated elements with respect to sensitivity, replication, and portability, although DGT requires further evaluation in a wider range of groundwater environments and conditions.
Spatial and temporal distribution of Au and other trace elements in an estuary using the diffusive gradients in thin films technique and grab sampling
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Systematic evaluation of bulk cyanide leach (BCL) parameters affecting extractability of metals from soils
Publisher: Geological Society of London
Date: 05-2010
Fractionation of trace elements in some non-agricultural Australian soils
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1071/SR02146
Abstract: The fractionation of Ag, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn in highly weathered soils was investigated using 5 operationally defined fractions: exchangeable, organic, amorphous Fe oxides, crystalline Fe oxides, and residual fraction. Crystalline Fe oxide and residual phases were the dominant hosts of Ag in the original soils, but for soils to which soluble Ag was added, much Ag was in the crystalline Fe oxide fractions and only a relatively small proportion of Ag was in the residual fraction. Crystalline Fe oxides and the residual fraction were also the major hosts to Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn.
Land Use Pattern Affects Microplastic Concentrations in Stormwater Drains in Urban Catchments in Perth, Western Australia
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 17-10-2022
DOI: 10.3390/LAND11101815
Abstract: Stormwater drains act as important vectors for microplastics, enabling the transportation of microplastic polymers from terrestrial systems where they are produced and consumed to aquatic and marine ecosystems. In this study, microplastic concentrations and their size fractions were measured in six stormwater catchments in the Perth and Peel region of Western Australia. Stormwater drains with contrasting land uses and catchment characteristics were selected and two sites along each drain were s led. Water s les were filtered in situ with a purpose-built fractionation device. Catchment boundaries and contributing drainage areas were derived from a hydrologically enforced digital elevation model. Microplastic concentrations within the sites varied from 8.8 to 25.1 microplastics/L (mean 14.2 microplastics/L). Fibrous microplastics were the most common morphology, followed by fragments. Polymer types identified using Raman spectroscopy included polypropylene (64.6% of s les), polyethylene (64.7%), polytetrafluoroethylene (5.9%) and polyvinylidene fluoride (5.9%). There was no statistically significant variation in microplastic concentrations across or within stormwater catchments. A linear mixed-effect model showed that several components of the land use pattern: catchment area, catchment population, and the proportion of industrial land, natural land and public open space, were positively related to microplastic concentrations. The proportion of residential land was negatively related to microplastic concentrations. The lack of significant variation in microplastic concentration observed both across and within the catchments points to their ubiquitous presence in stormwater systems in the region. This study is the first to examine microplastic contamination in the water of stormwater drainage systems in Perth, Western Australia. These stormwater systems contain considerable concentrations of microplastics, confirming their importance as transport mechanisms for plastics into aquatic and marine ecosystems.
Scanning and transmission analytical electron microscopy (STEM-EDX) can identify structural forms of lead by mapping of clay crystals
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Denitrification activity in sediment surrounding polychaete (Ceratonereis aequisetis) burrows
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1071/MF00059
Abstract: The effect of burrow-dwelling fauna on sediment denitrification within the Swan River Estuary, Western Australia, was assessed by determining the spatial profile of potential denitrification activity surrounding in idual burrows of a polychaete. This activity was described for Ceratonereis aequisetis and compared with uninhabited sediment. Potential porewater denitrification activity was measured as N’2O production in the presence of acetylene (which blocks N2O reduction and NH4+ oxidation) and supplementary NO3-(provided as a substrate for denitrification). Snap-freezing of sediment cores in liquid nitrogen allowed easy sectioning in both the vertical (perpendicular depth from surface sediment) and radial (depth from burrow wall) planes. Overall, potential denitrification activity was significantly greater in inhabited sediment than in uninhabited sediment, although uninhabited sediment had higher surficial (0–10 mm) potential denitrification activity. Potential denitrification activity was also greater closer to the burrow wall (0–9 mm) rather than further into the sediment (9–13 mm). Greater s ling resolution would be required to determine whether a thin oxygenated surface layer (of either the vertical or radial plane) exists in which denitrification is inhibited. Although this study accurately demonstrates the spatial effect of C. aequisetis on sediment potential denitrification, the reported denitrification intensity may not reflect the rate in situ.
Geochemistry of major and trace elements and Pb–Sr isotopes of a weathering profile developed on the Lower Cambrian black shales in central Hunan, China
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
Cadmium accumulation in agricultural soils in Western Australia
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 2002
Micro- and nano-scale identification of REE-mineral associations in an acidified dredge spoil and adjacent reduced sediments
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 04-12-2019
Role of phosphorus fertiliser banding and the ratio of nitrate to ammonium on the uptake of phosphorus and wheat growth: a glasshouse study
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1071/EA01088
Abstract: While it is known that nitrogen fertilisers improve phosphorus uptake depending on soil type and pH, the role in phosphorus uptake of the ratio of nitrate to ammonium in nitrogen fertiliser banded with phosphorus fertiliser is unclear. The present glasshouse study investigated the wheat growth response to different rates of application and banding depths (5 and 15 cm) of nitrogen and phosphorus, and mixing of phosphorus fertiliser with soil. The effect of 2 forms of nitrogen (ammonium and nitrate) banded with phosphorus fertiliser was also studied.Both banding depths increased phosphorus uptake and wheat growth more than mixing fertiliser throughout the soil. Banding at the 5 cm depth increased phosphorus uptake efficiency and wheat growth more than banding at the 15 cm depth. The highest shoot and root growth and phosphorus content were found when the nitrate : ammonium ratio was 50 : 50 and 75 : 25, with a slight decline at 100 : 0. The treatments with a large proportion of ammonium suppressed the growth of wheat and, consequently, reduced total phosphorus content. It was concluded that banding nitrate and ammonium at ratios 50 : 50, 75 : 25 and 100 : 0 with phosphorus fertiliser at 5 cm depth was optimal for increasing phosphorus uptake and wheat growth.
Determination of cadmium in soil extracts containing high levels of iron and aluminum by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 10-1998
Water chemistry and nutrient release during the resuspension of FeS-rich sediments in a eutrophic estuarine system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2012.05.065
Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of resuspending FeS-rich benthic sediment on estuarine water chemistry. To address this objective, we conducted (1) a series of laboratory-based sediment resuspension experiments and (2) also monitored changes in surface water composition during field-based sediment resuspension events that were caused by dredging activities in the Peel-Harvey Estuary, Western Australia. Our laboratory resuspension experiments showed that the resuspension of FeS-rich sediments rapidly deoxygenated estuarine water. In contrast, dredging activities in the field did not noticeably lower O(2) concentrations in adjacent surface water. Additionally, while FeS oxidation in the laboratory resuspensions caused measurable decreases in pH, the field pH was unaffected by the dredging event and dissolved trace metal concentrations remained very low throughout the monitoring period. Dissolved ammonium (NH(4)(+)) and inorganic phosphorus (PO(4)-P) were released into the water column during the resuspension of sediments in both the field and laboratory. Following its initial release, PO(4)-P was rapidly removed from solution in the laboratory-based (<1h) and field-based (<100 m from sediment disposal point) investigations. In comparison to PO(4)-P, NH(4)(+) release was observed to be more prolonged over the 2-week period of the laboratory resuspension experiments. However, our field-based observations revealed that elevated NH(4)(+) concentrations were localised to <100 m from the sediment disposal point. This study demonstrates that alongside the emphasis on acidification, deoxygenation and metal release during FeS resuspension, it is important to consider the possibility of nutrient release from disturbed sediments in eutrophic estuaries.
Wheat genotypes differ in growth and phosphorus uptake when supplied with different sources and rates of phosphorus banded or mixed in soil in pots
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2002
DOI: 10.1071/EA01087
Abstract: The growth response of wheat genotypes supplied with phosphorus fertiliser at different rates (banded or mixed throughout the soil) and sparingly soluble phosphorus sources (aluminium phosphate and iron phosphate) is not known. Eleven wheat genotypes and 1 rye genotype were tested at 3 rates of phosphorus fertiliser application (5, 10 and 20 mg P/kg soil) in a pot study. Another experiment compared 4 wheat genotypes at 2 rates of phosphorus application (deficient and sufficient) and 2 application methods (banding and mixing throughout the soil). The selected wheat genotypes were also used to investigate growth and root exudation response to iron phosphate and aluminium phosphate supply. Banding of phosphorus fertiliser increased the uptake of phosphorus and wheat growth compared with mixing phosphorus throughout the soil. Wheat genotypes did not differ significantly in growth and phosphorus uptake at the low rate of application. With increasing rates of phosphorus supply, the 2 phosphorus-fertiliser-responsive wheat genotypes (Wawht 2074 and Aroona) had significantly increased phosphorus uptake and root and shoot weights. When supplied with aluminium phosphate and iron phosphate, the 2 phosphorus-fertiliser-responsive genotypes had larger roots and higher concentration of phosphorus in the shoots and roots, while the phosphorus utilisation-efficient wheat genotypes (Westonia and Gutha) had higher shoot weights than phosphorus fertiliser-responsive ones. All wheat genotypes produced quantitatively and qualitatively similar root exudates in the iron phosphate, aluminium phosphate and zero-phosphorus treatments. The aluminium phosphate treatment caused genotypes to increase root exudation of oxalic anions, uptake of phosphorus and growth, compared with the iron phosphate treatment. It was concluded that the choice of genotypes for achieving increased wheat growth would depend on the phosphorus source in soil and the rate of application of phosphorus fertiliser.
In situ neutralisation of uncarbonated bauxite residue mud by cross layer leaching with carbonated bauxite residue mud
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2011.07.090
Abstract: Unameliorated residue mud from the Bayer process generates highly alkaline leachates (pH ca. 13) after deposition in storage areas. Pre-deposition treatment of bauxite residue mud (BRM) with CO(2) gas (carbonation) lowers leachate pH to ca. 10.5. Laboratory scale leaching columns were used to investigate the potential for in situ pH reduction in existing uncarbonated BRM deposits through exposure to carbonated mud leachate. Leachates from uncarbonated and carbonated residues in single and dual-layer column configurations were analysed for pH, electrical conductivity, carbonate and bicarbonate content, and element concentrations. Air-dried solids were analysed by X-ray diffraction before and after leaching. Cross layer leaching lowers leachate pH from uncarbonated BRM. Leachate pH was significantly lower in dual layer and carbonated residue than in uncarbonated residue between one and 400 pore volumes leached. Carbonated residue porewater as well as dawsonite and calcite dissolution were identified as sources of (bi-)carbonate. Leachate concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Ga and La were immediately reduced in dual layer treatments compared with uncarbonated residue. No element analysed exhibited a significantly higher leachate concentration in dual layer treatments than the highest observed concentration in single layer treatments. The implementation of dual layer leaching in the field therefore presents an opportunity to improve leachate quality from existing uncarbonated residue deposits and justifies further testing at field scale.
Cadmium and Cobalt Desorption Kinetics from Soil Clays: Effect of Sorption Period
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-1998
The geochemistry of calcareous forest soils in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
Spatial Analysis of Soil Trace Element Contaminants in Urban Public Open Space, Perth, Western Australia
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-08-2021
DOI: 10.3390/SOILSYSTEMS5030046
Abstract: Public recreation areas in cities may be constructed on land which has been contaminated by various processes over the history of urbanisation. Charles Veryard and Smith’s Lake Reserves are adjacent parklands in Perth, Western Australia with a history of horticulture, waste disposal and other potential sources of contamination. Surface soil and soil profiles in the Reserves were s led systematically and analysed for multiple major and trace elements. Spatial analysis was performed using interpolation and Local Moran’s I to define geochemical zones which were confirmed by means comparison and principal components analyses. The degree of contamination of surface soil in the Reserves with As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn was low. Greater concentrations of As, Cu, Pb, and Zn were present at depth in some soil profiles, probably related to historical waste disposal in the Reserves. The results show distinct advantages to using spatial statistics at the site investigation scale, and for measuring multiple elements not just potential contaminants.
Relationship between heavy metals and minerals extracted from soil clay by standard and novel acid extraction procedures
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 15-11-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S10661-016-5690-8
Abstract: Strong acid digestions are commonly used to determine heavy metal (HM) contents in soils. In order to understand more fully the acid digestion processes, a logical step is to determine the extent of dissolution of mineral phases. The aims of this study were to compare the efficiency of extraction of HM by different acid digestions and to monitor the associated dissolution of the clay fraction. The context of the study was to develop a milder chemical extraction method (microwave-assisted 1 mol L
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