ORCID Profile
0000-0001-7345-0887
Current Organisations
Defence Science and Technology Group Edinburgh
,
Istituto Di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-04-2018
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-018-24776-3
Abstract: In order to make sense of the objects we encounter in everyday life we largely rely on previous knowledge stored in our semantic memory. Semantic memory is considered dependent on lifelong experience and cultural knowledge. So far, a few studies have investigated the role of expertise on the organization of semantic memory, whereas life-long experience has largely been overlooked. In this study, we investigated this issue using food concepts. In particular, we administered different semantic tasks using food (natural and transformed) and non-food (living and non-living things) as stimuli to participants belonging to three different age cohorts (56–74, 75–91, 100–108), who were also asked to report on the dietary habits held throughout their life. In addition, we investigated to what extent psycholinguistic variables influence the semantic performance of different age cohorts. Results showed that Centenarians recognized natural food better than transformed food, while the other two groups showed the opposite pattern. According to our analyses, experience is responsible for this effect in Centenarians, as their dietary habits seem to suggest. Moreover, significant correlations between picture naming and age of acquisition, familiarity and frequency were observed. This study indicates that lifelong experience can shape conceptual knowledge of food concepts, and that semantic memory is less resilient to aging than initially thought.
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-03-2016
DOI: 10.1007/S11096-016-0279-4
Abstract: From 20 to 65 % of older adults receiving polypharmacy take at least one potentially inappropriate medication (PIM), leading to a high risk of adverse drug reactions. The term deprescribing was coined to describe a process of optimization of drug regimens through the withdrawal of PIMs. There is a paucity of evidence on the attitudes, beliefs and willingness of hospitalized patients towards deprescribing. To measure at hospital discharge inpatients' attitudes and beliefs towards polypharmacy and the potential withdrawal of one or more of their medications using the PATD (Patients' Attitudes Towards Deprescribing) questionnaire and determine if they are associated with participant characteristics. Geriatric and internal medicine wards in an Italian teaching hospital. Administration of the PATD questionnaire (developed and validated in an Australian outpatient setting, translated and adapted to the Italian setting for this study) to a consecutive s le of 100 older (aged ≥65 years) inpatients with polypharmacy who were interviewed by a nurse or pharmacist at the time of hospital discharge. Older patients' attitudes and beliefs towards reducing medications and participant characteristics. Eighty-nine percent of patients surveyed would like to reduce the number of daily medications. The desire for deprescribing was not associated with age, sex or number of medications or medical conditions older patients were less aware of the reasons for taking medications. The majority of hospitalized older adults with polypharmacy think they are taking a lot of drugs and would like to reduce this number. Older adults should not be considered a major limitation on deprescribing interventions. Future research should examine this issue with qualitative studies in order to gain a more in-depth understanding and explore how these findings can be translated into a multidisciplinary deprescribing process.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-04-2016
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 05-2019
Publisher: American Society of Hematology
Date: 25-11-2021
Abstract: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is associated with increased risk of cancers and inflammation-related diseases. This phenomenon becomes common in persons aged ≥80 years, in whom the implications of CHIP are not well defined. We performed a mutational screening in 1794 persons aged ≥80 years and investigated the relationships between CHIP and associated pathologies. Mutations were observed in one-third of persons aged ≥80 years and were associated with reduced survival. Mutations in JAK2 and splicing genes, multiple mutations (DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1 with additional genetic lesions), and variant allele frequency ≥0.096 had positive predictive value for myeloid neoplasms. Combining mutation profiles with abnormalities in red blood cell indices improved the ability of myeloid neoplasm prediction. On this basis, we defined a predictive model that identifies 3 risk groups with different probabilities of developing myeloid neoplasms. Mutations in DNMT3A, TET2, ASXL1, or JAK2 were associated with coronary heart disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Cytopenia was common in persons aged ≥80 years, with the underlying cause remaining unexplained in 30% of cases. Among in iduals with unexplained cytopenia, the presence of highly specific mutation patterns was associated with myelodysplastic-like phenotype and a probability of survival comparable to that of myeloid neoplasms. Accordingly, 7.5% of subjects aged ≥80 years with cytopenia had presumptive evidence of myeloid neoplasm. In summary, specific mutational patterns define different risk of developing myeloid neoplasms vs inflammatory-associated diseases in persons aged ≥80 years. In in iduals with unexplained cytopenia, mutational status may identify those subjects with presumptive evidence of myeloid neoplasms.
Location: Russian Federation
No related grants have been discovered for Mauro Tettamanti.