ORCID Profile
0000-0001-8328-6662
Current Organisation
Swinburne University of Technology
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Interactive Media | Dance | Film, Television and Digital Media |
Expanding Knowledge through Studies of the Creative Arts and Writing | Animation and Computer Generated Imagery Services
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 21-12-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-12-2021
DOI: 10.1111/BCPT.13686
Abstract: Self‐poisoning with organophosphorus (OP) insecticides is an important means of global self‐harm. The insecticides are formulated with solvents that may also contribute to toxicity. We set up a study to detect changes in osmolal and anion gaps following ingestion of OP insecticides. We recruited consecutive patients admitted to a Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka, with a history of OP self‐poisoning. The osmolal and anion gaps were calculated on admission and at 4, 24 and 72 h post‐ingestion together with ethanol concentration. Forty‐nine patients were recruited (28 profenofos, 10 diazinon, one coumaphos, one chlorpyrifos, one phenthoate and eight unknown OP). Only modest increases in osmolal and anion gaps were noted. Small rises in osmolal gap above the upper limit of normal were noted in 16/49 (32.7%) of all cases, 9/28 (32.1%) profenofos cases and 4/10 (40.0%) diazinon cases. The anion gap was raised in 24/49 (49.0%) of all cases, 15/28 (53.6%) profenofos cases and 5/10 (50.0%) diazinon cases. We observed a trend for a fall in osmolal gap during the first 24 h, followed by an increase up to 72 h. There was no correlation between the anion gap and serum lactate concentration, indicating that a lactic acidosis was not responsible for the anion gap. Formate, which could have explained the increased gap, was not detected in any of the s les ketoacids (beta‐hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate) were not measured. This pilot study found that profenofos and diazinon poisoning caused only modest increases in the osmolal and anion gaps in a minority of cases.
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 12-2010
Abstract: A lot of research has been done within the area of mobile computing and context-awareness over the last 15 years, and the idea of systems adapting to their context has produced promising results for overcoming some of the challenges of user interaction with mobile devices within various specialized domains. However, today it is still the case that only a limited body of theoretically grounded knowledge exists that can explain the relationship between users, mobile system user interfaces, and their context. Lack of such knowledge limits our ability to elevate learning from the mobile systems we develop and study from a concrete to an abstract level. Consequently, the research field is impeded in its ability to leap forward and is limited to incremental steps from one design to the next. Addressing the problem of this void, this article contributes to the body of knowledge about mobile interaction design by promoting a theoretical approach for describing and understanding the relationship between user interface representations and user context. Specifically, we promote the concept of indexicality derived from semiotics as an analytical concept that can be used to describe and understand a design. We illustrate the value of the indexicality concept through an analysis of empirical data from evaluations of three prototype systems in use. Based on our analytical and empirical work we promote the view that users interpret information in a mobile computer user interface through creation of meaningful indexical signs based on the ensemble of context and system.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 11-01-2023
Abstract: As our cities grow, it is important to develop policies and streetscape designs that provide pedestrians with safe comfortable walking conditions and acknowledge the challenges involved in making urban places feel liveable and safe while understanding the critical role of streets around busy destinations. To understand these challenges at a nuanced, human level, new methods of citizen engagement are needed. This paper outlines the development and application of a new citizen perception collection method, using immersive virtual environments (IVE), coupled with an interactive emoji affective activation-pleasure grid and digital slider elements, embedded within an online e-participation survey to quantify, and rank the impact of in idual (single-variable) urban design elements and safe system treatments on pedestrians’ perceptions of safety and place. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method for providing detailed, interrogable, scalable citizen perception data of a variety of urban street design elements and safe system treatments, which allows a statistical analysis of responses and prioritization of the most effective pedestrian-oriented interventions for maintaining or enhancing street vibrancy and liveability. Our IVE e-participation approach is an important contribution to forming a better understanding of streetscapes and provides a valuable method for urban designers and transport planners to prioritise different streetscape place and safety approaches.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2011
Publisher: ACM
Date: 23-11-2009
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-12-2015
Publisher: ACM
Date: 29-09-2018
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2016
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-11-2018
DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2017.1394465
Abstract: Intentional self-poisoning with the herbicide paraquat has a very high case-fatality and is a major problem in rural Asia and Pacific. We aimed to determine whether the addition of immunosuppression to supportive care offers benefit in resource poor Asian district hospitals. We performed a randomised placebo-controlled trial comparing immunosuppression (intravenous cyclophosphamide up to 1 g/day for two days and methylprednisolone 1 g/day for three days, and then oral dexamethasone 8 mg three-times-a-day for 14 days) with saline and placebo tablets, in addition to standard care, in patients with acute paraquat self-poisoning admitted to six Sri Lankan hospitals between 1st March 2007 and 15th November 2010. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. 299 patients were randomised to receive immunosuppression (147) or saline lacebo (152). There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality rates between the groups (immunosuppression 78 [53%] vs. placebo 94 [62%] (Chi squared test 2.4, p = .12). There was no difference in mortality at three months between the immunosuppression (101/147 [69%]) and placebo groups (108/152 [71%]) (mortality reduction 2%, 95% CI: -8 to +12%). A Cox model did not support benefit from high-dose immunosuppression but suggested potential benefit from the subsequent two weeks of dexamethasone. We found no evidence that high dose immunosuppression improves survival in paraquat-poisoned patients. The continuing high mortality means further research on the use of dexamethasone and other potential treatments is urgently needed.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-05-2011
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1177/14604582221106002
Abstract: Reminiscence therapy is beneficial for improving the quality of life for older adults living with dementia. However, it is difficult for caregivers in care homes to make this part of their daily practice because remembering a resident’s in idual stories is difficult. Proximity-aware technologies can make rapid connections between residents, their histories, and nearby artefacts. Through a user-centred iterative design approach, we designed Memento, a prototype technology system that makes it easy and convenient for caregivers to connect residents with real stories from their past and engage them in meaningful conversations. Memento displays connections between a resident’s stories and their surroundings on a caregiver smartphone. Caregivers can then subtly use this information to start spontaneous reminiscences with residents, as they go about their everyday activities. Remembering their histories was highly enjoyable for residents, giving them a renewed sense of self-confidence and well-being.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-09-2020
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-12-2014
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-01-2023
Abstract: Despite the many research studies on active school travel (AST), the number of children walking/cycling to school is decreasing as there is a lack of implementable research evidence. This review through database searches from 2000 to 2020 aims to identify research gaps and explore new perspectives. The articles are selected and screened methodically for systematic presentation of the review. An existing active school travel framework is used to structure and discuss this review paper on mediating factors influencing children’s active travel to school, that is the perceived traffic safety, neighborhood safety, and distance to school. Perception of traffic safety could be ameliorated through lateral separation from the traffic, and this could be a new area of research. The neighborhood safety perception may require more research to validate the previous findings. Schools should be located within high-density residential development so that many children can walk to school.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2008
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-05-2017
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2005
DOI: 10.1007/11555261_41
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 2005
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2016
Publisher: ACM
Date: 18-04-2015
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-2007
DOI: 10.1068/B3239
Abstract: As built environments become increasingly hybrid physical, social, and digital spaces, the intersecting issues of spatial context, sociality, and pervasive digital technologies need to be understood when designing for interactions in these hybrid spaces. Architectural and interaction designers need a mechanism that provides them with an understanding of the ‘sociality-places-bits' nexus. Using a specific urban setting as an analytical case study, we present a methodology to capture this nexus in a form that designers of hybrid spaces can effectively apply as a tool to augment digitally sociality in a built environment.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 06-09-2016
Publisher: ACM
Date: 24-08-2015
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-02-2015
Publisher: ACM
Date: 26-10-2014
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
Publisher: ACM
Date: 27-05-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 02-12-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 03-09-2018
Publisher: ACM Press
Date: 2006
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2017
Publisher: ACM
Date: 24-08-2015
Publisher: ACM
Date: 23-11-2009
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2021
Publisher: IGI Global
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-5969-6.CH007
Abstract: Translating ethnographic field data to engineering requirements and design models suitable for implementing socio-technical systems is problematic. Ethnographic field data is often “messy” and unstructured, while requirements models are organized and systematic. Cooperation and communication within an interdisciplinary design team makes the process even more complicated. A shared understanding between ethnographers, interaction designers, and software engineers is vital to ensure that complex and subtle social interactions present in the data are considered in the final system design. One solution for supporting team conversations uses the quality goal construct as a container for complex and ambiguous interaction attributes. Quality goals in system modelling promote shared understandings and collaborative design solutions by retaining a high level of abstraction for as long as possible during the design process. This chapter illustrates the effectiveness of abstract goals for conveying complex and ambiguous information in the design of a socio-technical system supporting social interaction between couples.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 21-06-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 18-04-2015
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2013
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-10-2008
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 06-2009
Abstract: As urban environments become increasingly hybridized, mixing the social, built, and digital in interesting ways, designing for computing in the city presents new challenges—how do we understand such hybridization, and then respond to it as designers? Here we synthesize earlier work in human-computer interaction, sociology and architecture in order to deliberately influence the design of digital systems with an understanding of their built and social context of use. We propose, illustrate, and evaluate a multidisciplinary approach combining rapid ethnography, architectural analysis, design sketching, and paper prototyping. Following the approach we are able to provide empirically grounded representations of the socio-physical context of use, in this case people socializing in urban spaces. We then use this understanding to influence the design of a context aware system to be used while out on the town. We believe that the approach is of value more generally, particularly when achieving powerfully situated interactions is the design ambition.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 28-11-2016
Publisher: ACM
Date: 17-06-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 18-04-2015
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 11-08-2022
DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2022.2105710
Abstract: Pesticide self-poisoning is a global clinical and public health problem. While self-poisoning with insecticides and herbicides has been extensively studied, there is minimal literature on acute fungicide self-poisoning. We aimed to study the clinical course and outcome of fungicide self-poisoned patients recruited to a prospective cohort in Sri Lanka. We conducted a prospective study of patients presenting with fungicide self-poisoning to nine hospitals in Sri Lanka between 2002 and 2020. Patients were enrolled by clinical research assistants, with clinical outcomes being recorded at regular review for each patient. We identified 337 cases of self-poisoning with fungicides (alcohol as only co-ingestant), including 28 different fungicides across 5 different fungicide classes. Median time from ingestion to examination was 3.1 (1.8-5.7) h. Nearly all presented to hospital fully conscious (GCS 15, 15-15)- only 27 patients (8.0%) presented with reduced GCS (<15) and only 2 (0.6%) had GCS 3/15. Most patients (333/337, 98.8%) made a full recovery, of whom only eight (2.37%) required intubation and ventilation. Four patients died (case fatality rate: 1.2% 95% CI 0.0-23.4) after ingestion of edifenphos ( Fungicide self-poisoning appears to be less hazardous than insecticide or herbicide self-poisoning, with a substantially lower case fatality in the same cohort. Edifenphos is an exception to this 'less toxic' rule as a WHO Class Ib highly hazardous pesticide, we recommend its withdrawal from, and replacement in, global agricultural practice. Propamocarb should be listed in the WHO hazard classification as propamocarb hydrochloride to reflect the higher toxicity of the common agricultural formulation. Pyraclostrobin currently has no WHO classification one is urgently required now that its ingestion has now been linked the death of a patient. Additional prospective clinical data on fungicide self-poisoning is required to expand knowledge on the effects of these erse compounds.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 25-11-2013
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 09-2006
DOI: 10.1109/MC.2006.323
Publisher: ACM
Date: 05-05-2012
Publisher: ACM
Date: 23-11-2009
Publisher: IEEE Comput. Soc
Date: 1998
Publisher: ACM
Date: 24-08-2015
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 06-12-2021
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PNTD.0010011
Abstract: Hump-nosed pit viper (HNV Hypnale spp.) bites account for most venomous snakebites in Sri Lanka. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most serious systemic manifestation (1–10%) following HNV envenoming. We aimed to identify the value of functional and injury biomarkers in predicting the development of AKI early following HNV bites. We conducted a prospective cohort study of patients with confirmed HNV envenoming presenting to two large tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka. Demographics, bite details, clinical effects, complications and treatment data were collected prospectively. Blood and urine s les were collected from patients for coagulation and renal biomarker assays on admission, at 0-4h, 4-8h, 8-16h and 16-24h post-bite and daily until discharge. Follow-up s les were obtained 1 and 3 months post-discharge. Creatinine (sCr) and Cystatin C (sCysC) were measured in serum and kidney injury molecule-1 (uKIM-1), clusterin (uClu), albumin (uAlb), β2-microglobulin (uβ2M), cystatin C (uCysC), neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (uNGAL), osteopontin (uOPN) and trefoil factor-3 (uTFF-3) were measured in urine. Definite HNV bites were based on serum venom specific enzyme immunoassay. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria were used to stage AKI. Two patients had chronic kidney disease at 3 month follow-up, both with pre-existing abnormal sCr, and one developed AKI following HNV envenoming. There were 52 patients with confirmed HNV envenoming median age 48y (Interquartile range [IQR]:40-59y) and 29 (56%) were male. Median time to admission was 1.87h (IQR:1–2.75h). Twelve patients (23%) developed AKI (AKI stage 1 = 7, AKI stage 2 = 1, AKI stage 3 = 4). Levels of five novel biomarkers, the functional marker serum Cystatin C and the damage markers urinary NGAL, cystatin C, β2-microglobulin and clusterin, were elevated in patients who developed moderate/severe acute kidney injury. sCysC performed the best at 0–4 h post-bite in predicting moderate to severe AKI (AUC-ROC 0.95 %CI:0.85–1.0) and no biomarker performed better than sCr at later time points. sCysC appears to be a better marker than sCr for early prediction of moderate to severe AKI following HNV envenoming.
Publisher: ACM
Date: 21-09-2012
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2009
Publisher: ACM
Date: 26-04-2014
Publisher: ACM
Date: 18-04-2015
Publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Date: 04-2011
Abstract: In recent years there has been an introduction of sophisticated new video conferencing technologies (e.g., HP Halo, Cisco Telepresence) that have led to enhancements in the collaborative user experience over traditional video conferencing technologies. Traditional video conferencing set-ups often distort the shared spatial properties of action and communication due to screen and camera orientation disparities and other asymmetries. These distortions affect access to the common resources used to mutually organize action and communication. By contrast, new systems, such as Halo, are physically configured to reduce these asymmetries and orientation disparities, thereby minimizing these spatial distortions. By creating appropriate shared spatial geometries, the distributed spaces become “blended” where the spatial geometries of the local space continue coherently across the distributed boundary into the remote site, providing the illusion of a single unified space. Drawing on theories of embodied action and workplace design we discuss the importance of this geometric “blending” of space for distributed collaboration and how this is achieved in systems such as Halo. We then extend these arguments to explore the concept of Blended Interaction Spaces : blended spaces in which interactive groupware is incorporated in ways spatially consistent with the physical geometries of the video-mediated set-up. We illustrate this discussion through a system called BISi that introduces interactive horizontal and vertical multipoint surfaces into a blended video-mediated collaboration space. In presenting this system, we highlight some of the particular challenges of creating these systems arising from the spatial consequences of different interaction mechanisms (e.g., direct touch or remote control) and how they affect movement and spatial configuration of people in these spaces.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 31-07-2020
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 27-09-2018
Publisher: ACM
Date: 08-12-2008
Publisher: ACM
Date: 07-12-2015
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 19-03-2019
Start Date: 12-2022
End Date: 12-2025
Amount: $464,000.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity