ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5366-1860
Current Organisation
University of New England
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Rural Sociology | Counselling, Welfare and Community Services | Social and Cultural Geography | Social Work
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Ability and Disability | Carers' Development and Welfare | Ageing and Older People |
Related Links
Publications
Self-reported medication adherence tools in cardiovascular disease: Protocol for a systematic review of measurement properties
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 24-10-2020
Frontotemporal dementia presenting as schizophrenia-like psychosis in young people: Clinicopathological series and review of cases
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Date: 04-2009
DOI: 10.1192/BJP.BP.108.057034
Abstract: Few studies have investigated the relationship between schizophrenia and frontotemporal dementia. To investigate this relationship through a clinicopathological investigation of young-onset frontotemporal dementia and a review of the case literature. Cases of young-onset frontotemporal dementia were identified within the local brain bank. The clinical course and pathological findings were collated. For the literature review, cases of frontotemporal dementia identified through Medline were selected according to defined criteria. The demographic, clinical, pathological and genetic characteristics of cases presenting with a psychotic illness were identified. In the case series, 5 of 17 patients with frontotemporal dementia had presented with a psychotic illness (schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder n =4, bipolar disorder n =1) an average of 5 years prior to the dementia diagnosis. Patients with schizophrenia exhibited changes consistent with TDP-43 and ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia. In the cases review, a third of patients aged 30 years or under and a quarter of those aged 40 years or under had been diagnosed with psychosis at presentation. Patients with young-onset frontotemporal dementia may be diagnosed with a psychotic illness years before the dementia diagnosis is made. These findings have implications for clinicians and for our further understanding of the neurobiology of psychotic illness.
Burden of Chronic Disease for Older Australians with Intellectual Disability
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 30-06-2017
Self-reported physical and mental health of Australian carers: a cross-sectional study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 09-2016
DOI: 10.1136/BMJOPEN-2016-011417
Abstract: To report on self-reported physical and mental health of informal carers in rural regions of New South Wales, Australia. A cross-sectional community-based s le (n=222) of carers completed a questionnaire incorporating self-reported measures of health from validated international instruments including Medical Outcomes Study Scale (SF-36), the Centre for Epidemiology-Depression (CES-D) and Kessler-10 (K-10) Psychological Distress Scales, along with information on participant demographics and other key caregiving characteristics such as health condition of care recipient. Rural carers' self-reported health was poor as evident on the SF-36 Physical and Mental Health component scores as well as each in idual domain of the SF-36. Results from the CES-D and K-10 scores indicated very high rates of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. Over 70% of carers within the current study had CES-D scores indicative of depressive symptoms. Scores on the K-10 indicate almost half the carers were experiencing high levels of psychological distress, which is over 4 times the rate reported in the general Australian population. Results from this study were compared to Australian population normative data and were found to be significantly below Australian age-matched population norms for SF-36, CES-D and K-10. These findings illustrate the poor health profile of informal carers relative to the general Australian population, especially in terms of depressive symptoms and psychological distress. This highlights the need for additional support for rural carers in order to ease the accumulated mental and physical health burdens of this group.
Provision of Emergency Medical Services in Rural and Urban Saudi Arabia: An overview of personnel experiences
Publisher: Australasian College of Health Service Management
Date: 27-06-2021
Abstract: Objective: Pre-hospital emergency medical services (EMS) are a vital component of health management, however there are disparities in the provision of EMS between rural and urban locations. While rural people experience lower levels of pre-hospital care, there has been little examination of the reasons underpinning these differences through discussion with the providers of EMS, and particularly in countries other than the USA, UK and Australia. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the lived experience of EMS personnel in Saudi Arabia regarding the key issues they face in their work practice. Design: This research focussed on frontline workers and middle-level station managers within the Saudi Arabian EMS system and adopted a hermeneutic phenomenology design to better understand the factors contributing to observed disparities between rural and urban areas in Riyadh region in Saudi Arabia. A semi-structured interview approach was used to collect data reflecting realistic experiences of EMS personnel in both urban and rural locations. Results: 20 interviews (10 each with rural and urban personnel) were done. Data analyses identified three primary thematic categories impacting EMS delivery: EMS Personnel Factors Patient Factors and, Organisational Factors. Underpinning each category were sub-themes, including Working Conditions, Stress, Education and training, and Resources, amongst others. Conclusions: The quality and efficiency of EMS services, in both rural and urban areas, was affected by a number of over-arching organizational factors. Implementing major policy shifts, such as recruitment of female EMS professionals, will be critical in addressing these challenges, but is acknowledged that this will take time. Quicker changes, such as improving the advanced training options for rural EMS staff, may help to remediate some of the issues. Public awareness c aigns may also be effective in addressing the identified misconceptions about the role of EMS in Saudi Arabia.
Maintaining quality of life for people with intellectual disabilities during end-of-life in rural areas of Australia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 15-05-2022
A missing factor in the reporting of medical research outcomes: Geographic classification of participants
Publisher: European Association of Science Editors
Date: 11-2017
Insular cortex volume in established bipolar affective disorder: a preliminary MRI study.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.PSCYCHRESNS.2010.01.006
Abstract: This structural magnetic resonance imaging study investigated insular cortex volume in 26 patients with bipolar I disorder and 24 matched controls. While insular volume did not differ between these groups, exploratory analyses demonstrated that the number of depressive episodes correlated negatively with the anterior insular volume in the patients, suggesting it may have a role in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder.
Grey and white matter abnormalities are associated with impaired spatial working memory ability in first-episode schizophrenia.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCHRES.2009.09.009
Abstract: Spatial working memory (SWM) dysfunction has been suggested as a trait marker of schizophrenia and implicates a diffuse network involving prefrontal, temporal and parietal cortices. However, structural abnormalities in both grey and white matter in relation to SWM deficits are largely unexplored. The current magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study examined this relationship in a s le of young first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients using a whole-brain voxel-based method. SWM ability of 21 FES patients and 41 comparable controls was assessed by the CANTAB SWM task. Using an automated morphometric analysis of brain MRI scans, we assessed the relationship between SWM abilities and both grey matter volume and white matter density in both groups. Our findings demonstrated the different directionality of the association between SWM errors and grey matter volume in left frontal regions and white matter tracts connecting these regions with temporal and occipital areas between FES patients and controls. This suggests that the substrate underpinning the normal variability in SWM function in healthy in iduals may be abnormal in FES, and that the normal neurodevelopmental processes that drive the development of SWM networks are disrupted in schizophrenia.
Informed consent in a vulnerable population group: Supporting individuals aging with intellectual disability to participate in developing their own health and support programs
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1071/AH15235
Abstract: Objective The aim of the present study was to explore the use of complementary consent methodologies to support a potentially vulnerable group of people, namely those aging with intellectual disability, to provide personal input. It was premised on the view that processes to determine capacity for consent, appropriately modified to account for in idual capabilities and current circumstances, could facilitate meaningful participation in the development of personal health care plans of people previously excluded from contributing. Methods The present descriptive case study research was undertaken in New South Wales, Australia. A seven-step process for determining capacity for consent was developed, and 10 participants aged between 54 and 73 years with lifelong intellectual disability and health comorbidities were involved. A variety of assistive communication tools was used to support in iduals to demonstrate their capacity for giving informed consent. Results After being provided with tailored support mechanisms, seven participants were considered to meet all seven components for determining capacity for consent. Three participants were deemed not to have capacity to give consent regardless of the type of support provided. Conclusions Three critical factors for facilitating personal involvement in decision making for in iduals with an intellectual disability were identified: (1) defining consent specifically for the target outcome (2) outlining the criteria needed for consent to be obtained and (3) using appropriately modified alternative communication mechanisms as necessary. What is known about the topic? Self-determination is one of the fundamental principles of human rights legislation around the world and, as such, it is considered desirable to have personal input by in iduals into the development of their own health care plans. However, this is not always considered feasible if the person comes from a group in the community perceived to be vulnerable to exploitation and viewed as lacking capacity to give informed consent. This results in the use of proxy respondents, who may not accurately represent the desires and life aspirations of the in idual. What does this paper add? This paper examines the development and implementation of a targeted program to support in iduals aging with lifelong intellectual disability to demonstrate their capacity to provide informed consent. Specifically, it outlines how alternative communications methods, tailored to personal needs and capacity, can assist an in idual to both understand and then confirm their understanding of consent in order to participate in developing health care plans. What are the implications for practitioners? People with intellectual disability are now living longer and are increasingly at risk of serious health conditions. The development of long-term health management plans has traditionally not included in iduals with more complex needs and moderate intellectual disability, but the present study shows that members of this cohort can successfully understand and consent to participate in health care decision making. By proactively supporting this process, community and healthcare settings may be able to directly facilitate contribution from more in iduals, therefore better meeting the goal of person-centred support.
Mental Health of Children and Adolescents with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: A Framework for Professional Practice, edited by D. Dossetor, D. White, and L. Whatson
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-03-2016
White and gray matter alterations in adults with Niemann-Pick disease type C: A cross-sectional study
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 19-05-2010
Sticks and stones: How words and language impact upon social inclusion
Publisher: School of Human Services and Social Work, Griffith University
Date: 02-09-2015
DOI: 10.36251/JOSI.96
Miglustat in patients with Niemann-Pick disease Type C (NP-C): A multicenter observational retrospective cohort study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2009
Midline brain structures in teenagers with first-presentation borderline personality disorder.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.PNPBP.2009.03.035
Abstract: Brain morphologic changes have been reported in borderline personality disorder (BPD), but it remains largely unknown whether BPD is associated with midline brain abnormalities. We used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the length of the adhesio interthalamica (AI) and cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) as well as third ventricular volume in 20 teenagers with first-presentation BPD and 20 healthy controls. While the CSP length did not differ between the groups, the AI was significantly shorter in BPD patients than in controls. Furthermore, the BPD patients had a significantly larger third ventricle than controls. These preliminary findings suggest that ongoing neuroimaging studies should further evaluate a potential involvement of midline brain structures in the pathogenesis of BPD.
Multimorbidity in older people with intellectual disability
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-04-2020
DOI: 10.1111/JAR.12743
Planning and evaluation of public health interventions
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 31-07-2022
The main signs of ageing in people with intellectual disability
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-04-2016
DOI: 10.1111/AJR.12282
Abstract: Investigations around ageing with an intellectual disability have increased substantially in the past three decades. A research gap continued to exist regarding the detection of ageing issues in this cohort of people, particularly in rural areas where access to specialist support continued to be limited. The purpose of this study was to identify the main signs of ageing in rural people with intellectual disabilities. A multi-round Delphi design was used to examine what signs of ageing were observed by disability support staff, who assisted people with intellectual disability. The project was conducted across nine of the ten rural regions (as defined by the government funding body) in New South Wales (NSW). There were 31 participants representing 14 non-government organisations. The group was composed of 26 women and 5 men, with a mean age of 47 years, who averaged 10-year experience with people with intellectual disabilities. The objective was to gain the direct input of rurally based disability workers to identify the main signs of ageing in people with intellectual disabilities. Thirty-two specific signs of ageing, including emerging mental health issues, grief, loss of identity and aggression, were identified. A thematic analysis indicated two main categories: mental/emotional functioning and physical functioning. When carers have the information and skills needed to identify the main signs of ageing, they can more accurately recognise and address potential problems in a timely manner. Such understandings have the potential to reduce premature admissions to residential aged-care.
Employee FWA needs and employer provisions across diverse age groups
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 27-03-2020
The Influence of Social Support on Psychological Distress in Older Persons: An Examination of Interaction Processes in Australia
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-2015
Abnormal white matter microstructure in schizophrenia: a voxelwise analysis of axial and radial diffusivity.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCHRES.2007.12.489
Abstract: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) investigations in schizophrenia have provided evidence of impairment in white matter as indicated by reduced fractional anisotropy (FA). However, the neuropathological implications of these findings remain unclear. In the current study, we conducted a voxelwise analysis of the constituent parameters of FA, Axial (lambda(||)) and Radial Diffusivity (lambda( upper left and right quadrants)), in 14 male participants with schizophrenia and 14 age, gender, education, and premorbid intelligence matched healthy controls. Significantly reduced FA and higher Radial Diffusivity were concurrently observed in several major white matter tracts in the schizophrenia group. This finding suggests that the loss of white matter integrity in schizophrenia is the result of demyelination and/or changes to the axonal cytoskeleton rather than gross axonal damage.
Toluene misuse and long-term harms: a systematic review of the neuropsychological and neuroimaging literature.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.NEUBIOREV.2008.01.006
Abstract: Organic solvent abuse is associated with increased risk for serious medical, neurological, and neuropsychological impairments. While animal research suggests that exposure to organic solvents (especially toluene) may be neurotoxic, much less is known about the consequences of long-term exposure in humans. We reviewed neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies examining chronic toluene misuse in humans. Thirty empirical studies fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including case studies (n=9) as well as group studies with (n=11) and without a control group (n=10). Our review indicates that toluene preferentially affects white matter (relative to gray matter) structures and periventricular/subcortical (relative to cortical) regions. The lipid-dependent distribution and pharmacokinetic properties of toluene appears to explain the pattern of MRI abnormalities, as well as the common symptoms and signs of toluene encephalopathy. The commonly observed neuropsychological deficits such as impairments in processing speed, sustained attention, memory retrieval, executive function and language, are also consistent with white matter pathology. We discuss the implications of these findings in the context of a neurodevelopmental framework, as well as the neuropathology and pathophysiology of toluene abuse. We also propose a set of recommendations to guide future research in this area.
Local atomic order and element-specific magnetic moments ofFe
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Date: 09-10-2009
Corpus callosum size and shape alterations in individuals with bipolar disorder and their first-degree relatives
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.PNPBP.2009.05.019
Abstract: Reductions in the size of the corpus callosum (CC) have been described in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), although the contribution of genetic factors to these changes is unclear. We previously showed a global thinning of the CC in BD patients, and found those with a family history of affective disorders had a larger CC than those without. In this study, we compared callosal size and shape in 180 in iduals: 70 with BD, 45 of their first-degree relatives, and 75 healthy controls. The callosum was extracted from a mid-sagittal slice from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, and its total area, length and curvature were compared across groups. A non-parametric permutation method was used to examine for alterations in width of the callosum along 39 points. Validating our previous findings, a significant global reduction in callosal thickness was seen in BD patients, with a disproportionate thinning in the anterior body. First-degree relatives did not differ in callosal size or shape from controls. In BD patients, duration of illness and age were associated with thinning in the anterior body BD patients on lithium treatment showed a thicker anterior mid-body than those on other psychotropics. Global and regional thinning of the callosum is seen in BD but not in their first-degree relatives. This suggests that CC abnormalities are linked to disease expression in BD and may not represent a marker of familial predisposition.
The neuropsychiatry of neuroacanthocytosis syndromes.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.NEUBIOREV.2011.01.001
Abstract: The neuroacanthocytoses are a group of disorders characterised by peripheral blood acanthocytes, central nervous system as well as neuromuscular symptoms. These disorders uniformly result in pathology in the basal ganglia, which account for the characteristic motor symptoms such as chorea or dystonia, but may also account for the apparent elevated rates of major mental disorders in these syndromes. Elevated rates of dysexecutive syndromes, obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression and schizophrenia-like psychosis appear to occur in chorea-acanthocytosis, McLeod's syndrome, pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration, and Huntington's disease-like 2. Disruptions to key frontostriatal loops secondary to pathology in the striatum and pallidum appear to predispose in iduals to major neuropsychiatric syndromes however, treatment can be instituted for a number of these manifestations, which lessens the overall burden of disease in neuroacanthocytosis patients and their families.
Perceived health and wellbeing among community-dwelling older Australians with intellectual disability: A comparison with age peers
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 06-05-2023
DOI: 10.1177/17446295221100040
Abstract: Data specifically comparing outcomes for people with and without intellectual disability is limited. This paper reports perceived health and wellbeing of older Australians resident in metropolitan and rural locations in New South Wales and Queensland. Respondents were community-residing in iduals with intellectual disability and mainstream age peers [age ≥ 60]. Measures included SF12 Cummings well-being scales DSSI Adverse Life Events and financial hardship status. The s le was composed of 391 adults with intellectual disability and 920 age peers. Adults with intellectual disability were significantly more likely to note adverse life events, worse mental health, and lower levels of social support, but reported higher mean wellbeing scores and had higher scores for physical health. Results indicated higher likelihood of adults with intellectual disability reporting comparative disadvantage across multiple key areas when compared to age peers.
Ageing, end-of-life care, and the National Disability Insurance Scheme: What can we learn from overseas?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 20-10-2015
Shape analysis of the neostriatum in subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.PSCYCHRESNS.2010.09.014
Abstract: Frontostriatal circuit mediated cognitive dysfunction has been implicated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and may differ across subtypes of FTLD. We manually segmented the neostriatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) in FTLD subtypes: behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, FTD, n=12 semantic dementia, SD, n=13 and progressive non-fluent aphasia, PNFA, n=9) in comparison with controls (n=27). Diagnoses were based on international consensus criteria. Manual bilateral segmentation of the caudate nucleus and putamen was conducted blind to diagnosis by a single analyst, on MRI scans using a standardized protocol. Intracranial volume was calculated via a stereological point counting technique and was used for normalizing the shape analysis. Segmented binaries were analyzed using the Spherical Harmonic (SPHARM) Shape Analysis tools (University of North Carolina) to perform comparisons between FTLD subtypes and controls for global shape difference, local significance maps and mean magnitude maps of shape displacement. Shape analysis revealed that there was significant shape difference between FTLD subtypes and controls, consistent with the predicted frontostriatal dysfunction and of significant magnitude, as measured by displacement maps. These differences were not significant for SD compared to controls lesser for PNFA compared to controls whilst FTD showed a more specific pattern in regions relaying fronto- and corticostriatal circuits. Shape analysis shows regional specificity of atrophy, manifest as shape deflation, with a differential between FTLD subtypes, compared to controls.
The Training Needs of Staff Supporting Individuals Ageing with Intellectual Disability
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-01-2014
DOI: 10.1111/JAR.12087
Abstract: The issue of ageing within the cohort of people with intellectual disabilities has been an increasing focus for research. However, the training needs of the staff who support them has not been subject of extensive examination. A multiround Delphi project was conducted focusing upon the impact ageing issues have on the support provided by disability workers, and what training is required to address the identified areas. Three rounds of the Delphi identified twenty-six separate important issues. A thematic analysis identified five main themes including Generic Training Issues Medical Issues Emerging Ageing Issues Requiring Changing Support Mental Health Issues and Quality of Life. The study identified a series of training priorities for staff assisting people ageing with an intellectual disability. It would appear possible for many training programmes to be developed and delivered with minimal cost impacts even within rural localities.
Abstracts of the 3rd IASSIDD Asia-Pacific Conference (Tokyo, Japan)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2013
DOI: 10.1111/JPPI.12029
Midline brain structures in patients with current and remitted major depression
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.PNPBP.2009.05.020
Abstract: Brain morphologic changes of limbic-cortical regions have been reported in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it remains largely unknown whether MDD is associated with abnormalities in midline brain structures, which play a critical role in limbic-cortical connectivity, and whether such changes reflect state or trait markers of the disorder. We used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the length of the adhesio interthalamica (AI) and cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) in 29 currently depressed patients, 27 remitted depressed patients, and 33 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. The currently depressed patients had a significantly shorter AI compared with controls, but there was no difference in the AI length between the remitted patients and controls. The AI length in the overall patient group was negatively correlated with the severity of symptoms of "loss of interest" at the time of scanning. Furthermore, the patients with co-morbid anxiety disorders tended to have a shorter AI compared with those without. The CSP length and prevalence of a large CSP (>or=6 mm) did not differ between the groups. Although a comprehensive investigation of medication effects was not possible due to incomplete medication data, these findings suggest that a shorter length of the AI may be associated with state-related brain changes in major depression rather than a stable marker of illness vulnerability. Whether the AI length exhibits ongoing changes across the course of the illness remains to be determined in longitudinal studies.
Gender dimorphism in siblings with schizophrenia-like psychosis due to Niemann-Pick disease type C
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-07-2009
DOI: 10.1007/S10545-009-1173-1
Abstract: We describe the differential presentation of schizophrenia-like psychosis in two siblings with the 'variant' biochemical presentation of adult Niemann-Pick disease type C. The male sibling presented with psychosis at age 16 years and cognitive and motor disturbance at age 25 years, whereas his elder sister, sharing the same mutation but showing less severe biochemical, neuroimaging and ocular motor parameters, presented with a similar schizophrenia-like illness with associated cognitive and motor disturbance at age 31 years. Their illness onset, course and response to treatment mirrors the sex dimorphism seen in schizophrenia, and is suggestive of an interaction between the neurobiology of their metabolic disorder and sex differences in neurodevelopment.
Twenty-five years of Community Living: Changes in Support Staff Perceptions
Publisher: Stichting Liliane Fonds
Date: 12-05-2015
Abnormal hippocampal distribution of TDP-43 in patients with-late onset psychosis
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1080/00048670903001984
Abstract: Objective: Young patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) may present with schizophrenia-like psychosis. Few studies have investigated whether FTD-like neuropathological changes are present in schizophrenia. The purpose of the present study was therefore to determine whether FTD-like abnormalities in TARDNA binding protein (TDP-43) and ubiquitin are detectable in hippoc al dentate gyrus of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. A secondary objective was to identify clinicopathological relationships of any such abnormalities. Methods: Hippoc al sections from 12 patients (nine with schizophrenia and three with bipolar disorder) and 11 control subjects Facility from the National Neural Tissue Resource Centre, Melbourne were blindly rated for the presence or absence of normal TDP-43 staining or ubiquitin-positive neuronal inclusions within the dentate gyrus. The clinical files of all subjects were reviewed for demographic and clinical information. Results: In three patients the normal expression of nuclear TDP-43 staining was not detected. Significantly, all three subjects presented after the age of 50 and had an adult child diagnosed with the same psychiatric disorder. Conclusion: Abnormalities in TDP-43 nuclear expression were identified in patients with late-onset psychosis and a positive family history.
Utilization of prehospital emergency medical services in Saudi Arabia: An urban versus rural comparison
Publisher: Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)
Date: 21-01-2021
Assisting individuals ageing with learning disability: support worker perspectives
Publisher: Emerald
Date: 05-10-2015
DOI: 10.1108/TLDR-02-2015-0008
Abstract: – While ageing with an intellectual (learning) disability has been subject to increased research in recent years, there remains little knowledge regarding the daily practice issues that disability workers struggle most to support in this cohort. The purpose of this paper is to gain feedback directly from staff regarding the problems they experience in daily work, and to evaluate whether any changes to legislation or practice could potentially alleviate identified areas of concern. – A Delphi project was conducted over three rounds with participants from rural areas of New South Wales (NSW). The panel was composed of support workers who assist people ageing with a learning disability. Participants were asked their perceptions of the main practice issues facing them while they provide support. – The panel identified 29 issues that were considered problematic in the provision of support to people ageing with a learning disability. A thematic analysis indicated three main themes of access to services time constraints and funding. – The participants in this study were all disability workers employed by non-government organisations in rural NSW, and as such, many of the issues identified may be specific to this population cohort and geographic setting. Any generalisation of these results to other locations or populations must be considered within these limitations. – Identification of the issues facing disability staff may facilitate government, health care providers and disability organisations to proactively plan to address current and future problem areas. The consequent effect of improving practices can assist in iduals to receive better support and lead to a corresponding improvement in their quality of life. The current implementation of the National Disability Insurance Scheme in Australia is an ideal opportunity for cross-sectoral collaboration to change practice to facilitate better support for a highly vulnerable group of the community.
Neuroanatomical abnormalities in schizophrenia: a multimodal voxelwise meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCHRES.2010.12.020
Abstract: Despite an increasing number of published voxel based morphometry studies of schizophrenia, there has been no adequate attempt to examine gray (GM) and white matter (WM) abnormalities and the heterogeneity of published findings. In the current article, we used a coordinate based meta-analysis technique to simultaneously examine GM and WM abnormalities in schizophrenia and to assess the effects of gender, chronicity, negative symptoms and other clinical variables. 79 studies meeting our inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis. Schizophrenia was associated with GM reductions in the bilateral insula/inferior frontal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus/medial frontal cortex, thalamus and left amygdala. In WM analyses of volumetric and diffusion-weighted images, schizophrenia was associated with decreased FA and/or WM in interhemispheric fibers, anterior thalamic radiation, inferior longitudinal fasciculi, inferior frontal occipital fasciculi, cingulum and fornix. Male gender, chronic illness and negative symptoms were associated with more severe GM abnormalities and illness chronicity was associated with more severe WM deficits. The meta-analyses revealed overlapping GM and WM structural findings in schizophrenia, characterized by bilateral anterior cortical, limbic and subcortical GM abnormalities, and WM changes in regions including tracts that connect these structures within and between hemispheres. However, the available findings are biased towards characteristics of schizophrenia s les with poor prognosis.
Impact of COVID-19 on the food security and identifying the compromised food security dimension: A systematic review protocol
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 09-08-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0272859
Abstract: Food security is substantially affected directly by COVID-19 and/or indirectly by the measures adopted for the prevention of COVID-19 transmission. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the impact of COVID-19 on food security and identify the most compromised food security dimension to ease the food security regulators and actors’ intervention prioritisation. Primary research focused on the impact of COVID-19 on food security will be searched from three online databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus), manually using a google scholar search engine, and studies’ reference list were also manually searched. The prevalence of food insecurity in each study and the most compromised food security dimension including their associated factors will be identified. The food insecurity before and after COVID-19 emergence and the status of food security dimension before and after COVID-19 will be compared and interpreted. The heterogeneity of the studies and the factors for the variability of outcomes will be discussed. COVID-19 had a negative impact on food security if the food insecurity prevalence before the emergence of COVID-19 is less than during the COVID-19 pandemic. Other confounding factors that can contribute to the high food insecurity prevalence like natural disasters, war, and instability will be considered in addition to COVID-19. This systematic review protocol is registered in PROSPERO under the registration number: CRD42022325475 .
Morphology of the corpus callosum at different stages of schizophrenia: Cross-sectional study in first-episode and chronic illness
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Date: 06-2008
DOI: 10.1192/BJP.BP.107.041251
Abstract: The shape of the corpus callosum may differ in schizophrenia, although no study has compared first-episode with established illness. To investigate the size and shape of the corpus callosum in a large s le of people with first-episode and established schizophrenia. Callosal size and shape were determined using highresolution magnetic resonance imaging on 76 patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, 86 patients with established schizophrenia and 55 healthy participants. There were no significant differences in total area across groups. Reductions in callosal width were seen in the region of the anterior genu in first-episode disorder (P .005). Similar reductions were seen in the chronic schizophrenia group in the anterior genu, but also in the posterior genu and isthmus ( P = 0.0005). Reductions in anterior callosal regions connecting frontal cortex are present at the onset of schizophrenia, and in established illness are accompanied by changes in other regions of the callosum connecting cingulate, temporal and parietal cortices.
Mitigating the impact of the ‘silos’ between the disability and aged-care sectors in Australia: Development of a Best Practice Framework
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-05-2021
DOI: 10.1111/JAR.12890
Abstract: Although a ‘person‐centred focus’ is a legislated objective for both aged‐care and disability services sectors in Australia, evidence suggests limited translation into systems and practices due to entrenched silos. This paper proposes a Best Practice Framework to mitigate these silos. Mixed‐methods research comprising key informant interviews with major stakeholders across both sectors a survey of people with/without intellectual disability aged 60+ years qualitative in‐depth interviews and survey of health professionals. There is an urgent need to develop inter‐sectoral ‘integrated care systems’. Key components include choice in accommodation regular assessment of health and well‐being indicators development and adoption of nationally consistent policies/standards across integrated aged‐ and disability‐care sectors improved strategies for workforce planning and upskilling of existing staff including place‐based collaboration. An integrated service model requires collaboration on broader public policy instruments, appropriate planning and resourcing. A strategic shift is required to ensure better quality person‐centred support systems.
Rural and Remote Area Service Provision for People Aging With Intellectual Disability
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2013
DOI: 10.1111/JPPI.12017
Caregiving, Employment and Social Isolation: Challenges for Rural Carers in Australia
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-10-2018
Abstract: Australia has one of the world’s highest life expectancy rates, and there is a rapidly growing need for informal caregivers to support in iduals who are ageing, have chronic illness or a lifelong disability. These informal carers themselves face numerous physical and psychological stressors in attempting to balance the provision of care with their personal life, their work commitments and family responsibilities. However, little is known about the specific challenges facing rural carers and the barriers that limit their capacity to provide ongoing support. A cross-sectional survey composed of open-ended responses and demographic/socioeconomic measures used routinely by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) and the Australian Institute of Health & Welfare (AIHW) was used with a cohort of 225 rurally-based carers within New South Wales, Australia. Demographic questions specified the respondents’ age, gender, employment, caregiving status, condition of and relationship to the care recipient, postcode, residency status, and distance and frequency travelled to provide care. Open-ended comments sections were provided to allow participants to describe any issues and problems associated with caregiving including employment, travel, residency, carer support groups and any other general information. The results show that most rural carers were middle-aged women supporting a spouse or a child. Unpredictability associated with providing care exacerbated demands on carers’ time, with many reporting significant employment consequences associated with inflexibility and limited job options in rural locations. Specific issues associated with travel requirements to assist with care were reported, as were the impacts of care provision on the respondents’ own personal health. The majority of carers were aware of the social supports available in their local rural community, but did not access them, leaving the carers vulnerable to marginalisation. Problems associated with employment were noted as resulting in financial pressures and associated personal stress and anxiety for the caregivers. While this issue is not necessarily limited to rural areas, it would appear that the lack of opportunity and flexibility evident in rural areas would exacerbate this problem for non-metropolitan residents. The participants also identified specific barriers to the provision of care in rural areas, including the significant impact of travel. Access to support services, such as carer groups, were rarely accessed due to a mix of factors including inaccessibility, poor timing and a lack of anonymity. Financially, there was considerable evidence of hardship, and there is an urgent need for a comprehensive review of government and community-based support to better meet the needs of rural carers.
Factors Impacting Patient Outcomes Associated with Use of Emergency Medical Services Operating in Urban Versus Rural Areas: A Systematic Review
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-05-2019
Abstract: The goal of this systematic review was to examine the existing literature base regarding the factors impacting patient outcomes associated with use of emergency medical services (EMS) operating in urban versus rural areas. A specific subfocus on low and lower-middle-income countries was planned but acknowledged in advance as being potentially limited by a lack of available data. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed during the preparation of this systematic review. A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, EBSCO (Elton B. Stephens Company) host, Web of Science, ProQuest, Embase, and Scopus was conducted through May 2018. To appraise the quality of the included papers, the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Checklists (CASP) were used. Thirty-one relevant and appropriate studies were identified however, only one study from a low or lower-middle-income country was located. The research indicated that EMS in urban areas are more likely to have shorter prehospital times, response times, on-scene times, and transport times when compared to EMS operating in rural areas. Additionally, urban patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest or trauma were found to have higher survival rates than rural patients. EMS in urban areas were generally associated with improved performance measures in key areas and associated higher survival rates than those in rural areas. These findings indicate that reducing key differences between rural and urban settings is a key factor in improving trauma patient survival rates. More research in rural areas is required to better understand the factors which can predict these differences and underpin improvements. The lack of research in this area is particularly evident in low- and lower-middle-income countries.
Counselling Support for People with Intellectual Disabilities: The Use of Narrative Therapy
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 07-2012
DOI: 10.1017/JRC.2012.6
Abstract: This article uses a descriptive case study design to examine the potential of narrative therapy as a direct intervention for adults with moderate-to-severe intellectual disabilities, autism and/or severe communication limitations. Archival clinical data on four in iduals who received a form of social constructionist narrative therapy are examined for goal attainment. The data were analysed qualitatively with specific input from in iduals, their families and carers. Findings indicate improvements in quality of life through reductions in situational and environmental anxieties, and in coping with grief and loss. The results suggest that narrative therapy techniques can be beneficial in assisting in iduals with severe intellectual disability to achieve meaningful and persistent improvements in their life.
Challenges in providing end‐of‐life care for people with intellectual disability: Health services access
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-08-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JAR.12408
Abstract: Increasing life expectancy for people with intellectual disability is resulting in greater need for end-of-life care services. However, limited knowledge is available regarding what barriers to accessing end-of-life care support are evident, particularly comparatively across rural and metropolitan locations. Focus group interviews were undertaken with 35 direct-care staff from four rural and two metropolitan locations. A semistructured interview guide was used, with a focus on health service access. All focus group data were independently transcribed, with thematic analysis then performed. Frequency analysis identified 262 statements relating to health services access. Thematic analysis identified four key areas of "isolation," "support from doctors," "general health support access" and "internal staffing issues." Improved access to end-of-life services is urgently required across both rural and metropolitan areas. Development of specialist training and support models for both disability and general healthcare staff may assist to reduce some identified barriers.
Corpus callosum morphology and relationship to orbitofrontal and lateral ventricular volume in teenagers with first-presentation borderline personality disorder
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.PSCYCHRESNS.2010.04.001
Abstract: Previous studies have demonstrated alterations to fronto-limbic circuitry and callosal structure in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We predicted that a first-presentation BPD cohort who demonstrated orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) reductions would show regional reductions in the anterior corpus callosum. Twenty teenage first-presentation BPD patients and twenty matched healthy controls underwent Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 20 teenaged first-presentation BPD patients and 20 matched healthy controls. Corpus callosum size and shape and ventricular volume were estimated using established methods and compared between the two groups. The relationship between illness variables and callosal morphology was also examined. OFC volume was correlated with callosal and ventricular variables. BPD participants and controls did not differ on measures of callosal size or shape, or ventricular size. BPD participants showed an alteration to the pattern of age-related expansions seen in the callosum. BPD participants with a history of trauma did not demonstrate significant neuroanatomical differences from those without. OFC volumes did not correlate with the thickness of the anterior corpus callosum. Gross neuroanatomical changes are not present at the level of the callosum in teenagers with first-presentation BPD. Changes seen in other studies might reflect factors associated with the duration of BPD, such as recurrent comorbidity with axis I disorders, or treatment.
Saccadic eye movement characteristics in adult Niemann-Pick Type C disease: relationships with disease severity and brain structural measures.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 30-11-2012
Aging and Lifespan
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-06-2012
Organisational factors affecting emergency medical services’ performance in rural and urban areas of Saudi Arabia
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-06-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S12913-021-06565-3
Abstract: There is a disparity in outcomes between rural and urban emergency medical services (EMS) around the world. However, there is a scarcity of research that directly asks EMS staff in both rural and urban areas how service delivery could be improved. The aim of the present study is to gain insights from frontline workers regarding organisational factors that may underpin discrepancies between rural and urban EMS performance. The study was undertaken in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. Potential participants were currently employed by Saudi Red Crescent EMS as either a technician, paramedic or an EMS station manager, and had a minimum of five years experience with the EMS. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken between October 2019 and July 2020 with first respondents to a call for participants, and continued until data saturation was reached. All interviews were conducted in Arabic and transcribed verbatim. The Arabic transcript was shared with each participant, and they were asked to confirm their agreement with the transcription. The transcribed interviews were then translated into English the English versions were shared with bi-lingual participants for validation, while independent certification of the translations were performed for data from participants not fluent in English. A thematic analysis methodological approach was used to examine the data. The final s le involved 20 participants (10 rural, 10 urban) from Saudi Red Crescent EMS. Data analyses identified key organisational factors that resulted in barriers and impediments for EMS staff. Differences and similarities were observed between rural and urban respondents, with identified issues including response and transportation time, service coordination, reason for call-out, as well as human and physical resourcing. The findings identified key issues impacting on EMS performance across both rural and urban areas. In order to address these problems, three changes are recommended. These recommendations include a comprehensive review of rural EMS vehicles, with a particular focus on the age incentives to improve the numbers of paramedics in rural areas and more localised specialist training opportunities for rurally-based personnel and the implementation of national public education program focusing on the role of the EMS.
Parental Experiences of Living with HIV in Bangladesh
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-10-2019
Saccades in adult Niemann-Pick disease type C reflect frontal, brainstem, and biochemical deficits
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 23-03-2009
DOI: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000345040.01917.9D
Abstract: The autosomal recessive disorder Niemannn-Pick type C (NPC) presents in adulthood with psychosis or cognitive deficits associated with supranuclear gaze palsies. While saccadic innervation to the extraocular muscles is generated in the brainstem, the frontal lobes play an integral role in the initiation of volitional saccades and the suppression of unwanted reflexive saccades. No study has examined the frontally driven volitional control of saccadic eye movements in NPC. To examine self-paced and antisaccades as well as reflexive saccades in adult patients with NPC, a disorder known to affect brainstem and frontal cortical function. Three biochemically confirmed adult patients with NPC were compared with 10 matched controls on horizontal saccadic and antisaccadic measures using an infrared limbus eye tracker. Patients' cholesterol esterification and filipin staining, Mini-Mental State performance, and NPC symptom level were rated. Reflexive saccade latency ranged from shorter to longer than normal, reflexive saccade gain was reduced, asymptotic peak velocity was reduced, fewer self-paced saccades were generated, and increased errors on antisaccades were made by patients compared to controls. Patients with more severe biochemical, cognitive, and symptom deficits performed most poorly on brainstem and frontal ocular motor measures. Paradoxically, less severe illness was associated with an abnormally reduced saccadic latency. Ocular motor measures provide an index of disease severity in Niemannn-Pick type C (NPC) and may be a useful adjunct for monitoring the illness progress and medication response. Reduced saccadic latency may result from inadequate fixation input from abnormally functioning frontal eye fields in NPC.
White matter volume changes in people who develop psychosis
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Date: 09-2018
DOI: 10.1192/BJP.BP.107.043463
Abstract: Grey matter changes have been described in in iduals who are pre- and peri-psychotic, but it is unclear if these changes are accompanied by changes in white matter structures. To determine whether changes in white matter occur prior to and with the transition to psychosis in in iduals who are pre-psychotic who had previously demonstrated grey matter reductions in frontotemporal regions. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine regional white matter volume in 75 people with prodromal symptoms. A subset of the original group ( n =21) were rescanned at 12–18 months to determine white matter volume changes. Participants were retrospectively categorised according to whether they had or had not developed psychosis at follow-up. Comparison of the baseline MRI data from these two subgroups revealed that in iduals who later developed psychosis had larger volumes of white matter in the frontal lobe, particularly in the left hemisphere. Longitudinal comparison of data in in iduals who developed psychosis revealed a reduction in white matter volume in the region of the left fronto-occipital fasciculus. Participants who had not developed psychosis showed no reductions in white matter volume but increases in a region subjacent to the right inferior parietal lobule. The reduction in volume of white matter near the left fronto-occipital fasciculus may reflect a change in this tract in association with the onset of frank psychosis.
Mental health of older people with mild and moderate intellectual disability in Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-03-2021
DOI: 10.1111/JIR.12825
Impediments to community-based care for people ageing with intellectual disability in rural New South Wales
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 23-09-2014
DOI: 10.1111/HSC.12130
Abstract: The emerging phenomenon of ageing with an intellectual disability has become subject to an increasing research focus in recent years. However, there remains little knowledge regarding the specific impediments that community workers face in supporting this cohort. The aims of the current study were to identify the major factors that, direct care staff believe, have most impact upon in iduals ageing with an intellectual disability in the community. A three-round Delphi project was conducted across rural areas of New South Wales in Australia with 31 disability support workers to gain their perspectives on the main impediments facing a person ageing with intellectual disability. The 2010 study identified that the issue of ageing with an intellectual disability was presenting significant problems for community-based service delivery to this group of people. The panel identified 25 different impediments to the provision of support. A thematic analysis of the items indicated three main themes of 'funding', 'training' and 'access to services'. By identifying these impediments to supporting people ageing with an intellectual disability in the community, both services and government funding bodies have the ability to plan to overcome both current and future problem areas. This identification of impediments may facilitate in iduals to receive more appropriate assistance, which in turn may lead to an improved quality of life and maintenance of a community-based placement rather than premature admission to the congregate-care system. This study is particularly timely, given that Australia is in the midst of implementing a National Disability Insurance Scheme, and is an opportunity for all levels of government to agree on the mechanisms to appropriately assist in iduals with an intellectual disability to continue to be supported in the community as they age.
Down syndrome and dementia: Is depression a confounder for accurate diagnosis and treatment?
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 22-09-2014
Abstract: The past century has seen a dramatic improvement in the life expectancy of people with Down syndrome. However, research has shown that in iduals with Down syndrome now have an increased likelihood of early onset dementia. They are more likely than their mainstream peers to experience other significant co-morbidities including mental health issues such as depression. This case study reports a phenomenon in which three in iduals with Down syndrome and dementia are described as experiencing a rebound in their functioning after a clear and sustained period of decline. It is hypothesized that this phenomenon is not actually a reversal of the expected dementia trajectory but is an undiagnosed depression exaggerating the true level of functional decline associated with the dementia. The proactive identification and treatment of depressive symptoms may therefore increase the quality of life of some people with Down syndrome and dementia.
Midline brain abnormalities in established bipolar affective disorder.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2009.09.003
Abstract: Morphologic changes of cortico-limbic regions have been reported in bipolar disorder, but it remains unclear whether midline brain abnormalities relevant to cortico-limbic connectivity are also present. We used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the size of the adhesio interthalamica (AI) and cavum septi pellucidi (CSP), as well as third ventricular volume, in 26 patients with bipolar I disorder and 24 matched controls. CSP length and prevalence of a large CSP did not differ between the groups, but bipolar patients had significantly shorter AI and larger third ventricles compared to controls. A comprehensive investigation of medication effects was not possible due to incomplete medication data. These findings implicate a role for the AI and connected brain regions in the neurobiology of bipolar disorder.
Utility and validity of a brief cognitive assessment tool in patients with epileptic and nonepileptic seizures.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2011
DOI: 10.1016/J.YEBEH.2011.02.025
Abstract: Cognitive impairment is not uncommon in patients with epilepsy, and may relate to the underlying pathophysiology of epilepsy, the effects of seizures, or epilepsy treatment. Formal neuropsychological testing is not available in many centers, and few cognitive screening tools have been validated in an epilepsy population. We aimed to ascertain the reliability and validity of a multidimensional cognitive screening instrument, the Neuropsychiatry Unit Cognitive Assessment Tool (NUCOG), in a mixed epilepsy population. One hundred sixty-one of 177 consecutive patients admitted to a video telemetry unit were assessed with the NUCOG and classified with respect to seizure semiology, and a subset (n=33) were formally neuropsychologically assessed. Scores did not differ between patients with epileptiform, those with nonepileptiform, and those with mixed EEGs on the NUCOG, nor between patients with focal and those with generalized epilepsies. Patients with a temporal lobe focus performed more poorly in general, and in memory specifically, than patients with an extratemporal focus. Scores on the NUCOG subscales Memory, Attention, and Executive Functioning correlated significantly with neuropsychological testing of these same domains, although patients were not impaired on measures of language or spatial function. The NUCOG appears to correlate strongly with neuropsychological functioning in a number of key cognitive areas affected in patients with epilepsy, and appears to robustly detect memory impairment in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
Personal relationships during end-of-life care: Support staff views of issues for individuals with intellectual disability
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.RIDD.2019.01.005
Abstract: Life expectancy for persons with intellectual disability has increased dramatically over the past decade, which has seen an associated rise in the need for end-of-life care. However, little is known regarding how end-of-life affects the in idual's personal relationships with family, friends and staff. Focus group interviews were undertaken with 35 disability support workers from four rural and two metropolitan locations in NSW and Queensland, Australia. A semi-structured interview guide was used, with a focus on the gaining an understanding of the impact that end-of-life has on personal relationships for persons with intellectual disability. The thematic analysis identified three key thematic areas: Relationships with Family, Relationships with Friends and Staff Roles. Relationships with Family had three sub-themes of 'Active and Ongoing', 'Active but Limited' and 'After Death'. Relationships with Friends had two sub-themes of 'Positive Experiences' and 'Negative Experiences', and Staff Roles had two sub-themes of 'Loss of Contact' and 'Default Decision Making'. The frequency of family contact was not reported as increasing or decreasing following the diagnosis of a life-ending illness and during an in idual's end-of-life. A lack of counselling support was noted as potentially impairing the in idual's friends' ability to cope with death. Staff also reported a number of concerns regarding how their relationships with the in idual changed, particularly when end-of-life entailed potential movement of the in idual with intellectual disability to a new residential setting.
Corpus callosum size and shape in individuals with current and past depression
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2008.10.010
Abstract: The corpus callosum enables the efficient linking of the two cerebral hemispheres. Reductions in the size of the anterior callosum have been described in geriatric depression, although findings in young adults have been much more equivocal. Data was acquired in 26 currently depressed (mean age 32.15 years, 5/26 male) and 28 remitted non-geriatric adults (mean age 36.36 years, 7/28 male), and 32 control subjects (mean age 34.41 years, 11/32 male). The total area, length and curvature of the callosum, and regional thickness along 39 points, from a mid-sagittal T1-weighted magnetic resonance image were compared across the groups. Total area, length and curvature did not differ between the groups. The currently-depressed group showed expansions in the thickness of the posterior body and isthmus when compared to controls this was not seen in remitted patients. Similar expansions were seen when comorbidly anxious patients were compared to depressed patients without anxiety. There was no difference between melancholic and non-melancholic patients, and medication status did not affect the results. Currently-depressed patients showed higher rates of co-morbid anxiety and medication usage than remitted patients, although in the depression group as a whole there was no difference between medicated and unmedicated patients. The corpus callosum shows expansions in regions connecting frontal, temporal and parietal regions in currently depressed patients only, suggestive of state-related changes in white matter in major depression that may reflect the effects of state-related factors on white matter structure.
Shape alterations in the striatum in chorea-acanthocytosis.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Superior temporal gyrus volume in antipsychotic-naive people at risk of psychosis
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Date: 03-2010
DOI: 10.1192/BJP.BP.109.069732
Abstract: Morphological abnormalities of the superior temporal gyrus have been consistently reported in schizophrenia, but the timing of their occurrence remains unclear. To determine whether in iduals exhibit superior temporal gyral changes before the onset of psychosis. We used magnetic resonance imaging to examine grey matter volumes of the superior temporal gyrus and its subregions (planum polare, Heschl's gyrus, planum temporale, and rostral and caudal regions) in 97 antipsychotic-naive in iduals at ultra-high risk of psychosis, of whom 31 subsequently developed psychosis and 66 did not, and 42 controls. Those at risk of psychosis had significantly smaller superior temporal gyri at baseline compared with controls bilaterally, without any prominent subregional effect however, there was no difference between those who did and did not subsequently develop psychosis. Our findings indicate that grey matter reductions of the superior temporal gyrus are present before psychosis onset, and are not due to medication, but these baseline changes are not predictive of transition to psychosis.
Storage disorders and psychosis
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 04-02-2010
Validity and reliability of the Persian language version of the Neuropsychiatry Unit Cognitive Assessment tool
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2010
DOI: 10.1159/000313981
Abstract: i Background/Aims: /i Only a limited number of cognitive screening tools are available for the Persian-speaking population, and we sought to translate and validate the Neuropsychiatry Unit Cognitive Assessment Tool (NUCOG), a multidimensional cognitive screening tool. i Methods: /i We used multiple language specialists to translate and then back-translate the NUCOG, and administered the Persian language NUCOG and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to 184 in iduals: 60 controls and 124 patients, 33 of whom had dementia, 30 non-dementing neurological disorders and 61 a psychiatric illness. i Results: /i The NUCOG outperformed the MMSE in differentiating the patient groups and controls. The ‘profile’ across the 5 NUCOG domains differentiated dementia subgroups such as senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT), frontotemporal dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Psychiatric patients with psychosis and posttraumatic stress disorder were more impaired than patients with affective disorders. The NUCOG reliably differentiated controls from patients with MCI (at 86.5/100, sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 87.5%) and SDAT (at 75/100, sensitivity and specificity of 100%) patients from controls. i Conclusions: /i The Persian language NUCOG appears to perform strongly in an unselected population, reliably differentiating patients with dementia from controls, and detecting cognitive impairment in a range of clinical disorders.
Ageing‐related experiences of adults with learning disability resident in rural areas: one Australian perspective
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-11-2015
DOI: 10.1111/BLD.12145
Shape analysis of the neostriatum in frontotemporal lobar degeneration, Alzheimer's disease, and controls
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.NEUROIMAGE.2010.02.017
Abstract: Frontostriatal circuit mediated cognitive dysfunction has been implicated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), but not Alzheimer's disease, or healthy aging. We measured the neostriatum (caudate nucleus and putamen) volume in FTLD (n=34), in comparison with controls (n=27) and Alzheimer's disease (AD, n=19) subjects. Diagnoses were based on international consensus criteria. Manual bilateral segmentation of the caudate nucleus and putamen was conducted blind to diagnosis by a single analyst, on MRI scans using a standardized protocol. Intra-cranial volume was calculated via a stereological point counting technique and was used for scaling the shape analysis. The manual segmentation binaries were analyzed using UNC Shape Analysis tools (University of North Carolina) to perform comparisons among FTLD, AD, and controls for global shape, local p-value significance maps, and mean magnitude of shape displacement. Shape analysis revealed that there was significant shape difference between FTLD, AD, and controls, consistent with the predicted frontostriatal dysfunction and of significant magnitude, as measured by displacement maps. There was a lateralized difference in shape for the left caudate for FTLD compared to AD non-specific global atrophy in AD compared to controls while FTLD showed a more specific pattern in regions relaying fronto- and corticostriatal circuits. Shape analysis shows regional specificity of atrophy, manifest as shape deflation, with implications for frontostriatal and corticostriatal motoric circuits, in FTLD, AD, and controls.
Pseudoneurotic Schizophrenia Revisited
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1080/00048670903107658
Abstract: Objectives: ‘Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia’ was a diagnostic term coined in the 1940s by Hoch and Polatin. It described a subgroup of patients who presented with prominent anxiety symptoms, which masked a latent psychotic disorder. Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia as a diagnostic entity has fallen out of clinical use. Methods: Described herein is a case that meets the Hoch and Polatin definition of pseudoneurotic schizophrenia. Results: The history of the concept is reviewed and a discussion is given of why it was forgotten. Conclusion: The concepts that underlie the diagnostic entity of pseudoneurotic schizophrenia remain relevant to current practice. Recent findings in patients with an emerging psychotic disorder lend modern support to the idea that schizophrenia may present with significant neurotic symptoms.
Does health and medical research consider geographic factors affecting study participants: a retrospective snapshot analysis of 11 leading journals
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-07-2021
Emergency medical services in rural and urban Saudi Arabia: A qualitative study of Red Crescent emergency personnel' perceptions of workforce and patient factors impacting effective delivery
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 30-05-2022
DOI: 10.1111/HSC.13859
Increased pituitary volume in patients with established bipolar affective disorder.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.PNPBP.2009.07.012
Abstract: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction has been demonstrated in bipolar disorder (BD), but previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of pituitary gland volume in BD have reported variable findings. In this MRI study we investigated pituitary volume in 26 patients with established bipolar I disorder (8 males and 18 females, mean age=38.4 years) and 24 matched controls (7 males and 17 females, mean age=38.7 years). The BD patients had a significantly larger pituitary volume as compared with controls, but there was no association between pituitary volume and illness duration, number of manic/depressive episodes, daily medication dosage, family history, or clinical subtype (i.e., psychotic and nonpsychotic). Pituitary volume was larger in females than in males for both groups. These results support previous neuroendocrine findings that implicate HPA axis dysfunction in the core pathophysiological process of BD.
Organisational factors affecting Emergency Medical Services’ performance in rural and urban areas of Saudi Arabia
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 02-03-2021
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-279486/V1
Abstract: Background:There is a disparity in outcomes between rural and urban emergency medical services (EMS) in both developed and developing countries. However, there is a scarcity of research that directly asks EMS staff in both rural and urban areas of developing countries how service delivery could be improved. The aim of the present study is to gain insights from frontline workers regarding organisational factors that may underpin discrepancies between rural and urban EMS performance.Subject and Methods:The study was undertaken in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia, with 20 participants (10 rural, 10 urban) drawn from Saudi Red Crescent EMS. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken between October 2019 and July 2020. All interviews were conducted in Arabic, transcribed verbatim and translated into English. Results:Data analyses identified key organisational factors that resulted in barriers and impediments for EMS staff. Differences and similarities were observed between rural and urban respondents, with identified issues including response and transportation time, service coordination, reason for call-out, as well as human and physical resourcing.Conclusion:The findings identified key issues impacting on EMS performance across both rural and urban areas. In order to address these problems, changes are recommended. These recommendations include a comprehensive review of rural EMS vehicles, with a particular focus on the age incentives to improve the numbers of paramedics in rural areas and more localised specialist training opportunities for rurally-based personnel and the implementation of national public education program focusing on the role of the EMS.
Development of a Suspicion Index to aid diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease type C
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 18-04-2012
Corpus Callosum Size and Shape in Established Bipolar Affective Disorder
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2009
DOI: 10.1080/00048670903107534
Abstract: Objective: Callosal structural and functional alterations have been demonstrated in a range of neuropsychiatric illnesses, including bipolar disorder, but no study has examined regional callosal thickness in this phenotype. The aim of the present study was therefore to examine callosal size and shape in a well-defined group of bipolar affective disorder patients and controls. Methods: The participants included 24 patients with DSM-IV bipolar I disorder and 24 matched healthy controls. The corpus callosum was extracted from mid-callosal images from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans on all participants, and callosal area, length, bending angle and regional callosal thickness measures were computed from these images. Results: The callosum was thinner in the bipolar group overall, with a disproportionately reduced thickness in the splenium. Psychotic and non-psychotic patients did not differ, although patients without a family history of mood disorders had a thinner callosum. Conclusion: Callosal reductions are present in established bipolar disorder, and affect posterior regions more than anterior regions. This may reflect a primary disturbance to myelination, or a secondary effect of grey matter changes.
Erratum: Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia revisited (Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry (2009) 43 (873-876))
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 11-2011
A comparison of pre-hospital emergency medical services’ response and duration times in urban versus rural areas of Saudi Arabia
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 23-07-2020
DOI: 10.33151/AJP.17.805
Abstract: Background Response impacts on treatment outcomes, particularly for time-sensitive illnesses, including trauma. This study compares key outcome measures for emergency medical services (EMS) operating in urban versus rural areas in the Riyadh region of Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study of EMS users was conducted using a random s ling method. Primary outcome measures were response time, on-scene time, transport time interval and survival rates. Secondary outcomes were the length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital. Data were compared between the urban and rural groups using the t-test and chi-square test. Results Eight-hundred patients (n=400 urban, n=400 rural) were included in the final analysis. Cases in rural areas had significantly higher response times and duration times (median response 15 vs. 22 minutes, median duration 43 vs. 62 minutes). Response times were significantly longer for rural areas for MVC, industrial accidents, medical incidents and trauma, but there was no significant difference in duration time for industrial accidents. While urban areas had significantly shorter response times for all incident types, there was no difference with rural areas in duration time for chest injury, gastrointestinal, neurological or respiratory problems. Conclusion The findings indicate that response time and duration differs between urban and rural locations in a number of key areas. The factors underlying these differences need to be the subject of specific follow-up research in order to make recommendations as to the best way to improve EMS in Saudi Arabia and to close the gap in rural and urban service delivery.
Secondary hallucinations
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Date: 04-02-2010
A comparative analysis of the prevalence and predictors of chronic pain in older adults with and without intellectual disability in Australia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 07-08-2023
Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) based COVID-19 health impact assessment: A systematic review protocol
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 12-09-2022
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0274468
Abstract: COVID-19 is a highly contagious infectious disease that emerged in 2019. This disease is causing devastating health, socio-economic, and economic crises. More specifically COVID-19 is affecting both the quality and length of human life. The overall health impact of this disease is measured by the disability-adjusted life years which is the sum of the life years lost due to disability (the effect on the health quality) and the years life lost due to premature death (effect on the length of life). The purpose of this review is to summarise DALYs-based health impact publications and produce compiled and informative literature that can aid the health regulators to make evidence-based decisions on mitigating COVID-19. The review will be conducted using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The DALYs-based original observational and cross-sectional studies will be collected for assessing the health impact of COVID-19. Both the life quality and length impacts of COVID-19 will be reviewed. The life quality impact of COVID-19 will be measured using the life years lost due to disability (pre-recovery illness, pre-death illness, and post-acute consequences), and its impact on the length of life will be measured with years of life lost due to premature death (shortening of life expectancy). The combined health impact of COVID-19 on the quality and length of life will be measured in disability-adjusted life years. The impacts of COVID-19 on the two health outcomes (quality and length of life) will indicate the level of COVID-19 health burden. The increase or decrease of COVID-19 health impact might be due to the s le size differences of different studies and the omission of years lost due to post-acute consequences in some studies. After having a summarized systematic review health decision-makers will apply an impact-based response to COVID-19. Systematic review registration : This protocol is pre-registered in PROSPERO with the registration number CRD42022324931 .
Does intellectual disability research consider the potential impact of geographic location?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 29-05-2018
The juncture and disjuncture of service delivery systems in post-parental care planning for rural people with intellectual disabilities
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-10-2023
Corpus callosum shape alterations in individuals prior to the onset of psychosis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2008
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCHRES.2008.04.042
Abstract: Reductions in the size of the anterior callosum have been described for both first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis and established schizophrenia, but have not been examined in in iduals at ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR). We compared 100 UHR in iduals (27 of whom later developed psychosis) with 38 age-matched control subjects on measures of size and shape of the corpus callosum to determine if changes previously demonstrated in first-episode and established schizophrenia are present in the pre-psychotic phase. Each in idual's callosum was extracted from the mid-sagittal slice from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, and total area, length and curvature of the callosum was compared using one-way ANOVA, and 39 regional thicknesses via a non-parametric permutation method to account for non-independence of adjacent measures. Total area, length and curvature did not differ between the groups. Compared to both the UHR-NP group and controls, the UHR-P group showed significant regional reductions in the region of the anterior genu of the callosum. The UHR-NP group did not differ from controls. Positive and negative symptoms did not affect regional thickness in either of the patient groups. Cox regression showed that mean anterior genu thickness was highly predictive of a transition to psychosis. Reductions in the thickness of the anterior callosum differentiate between high-risk in iduals who transition to psychosis and those who do not, and is highly predictive of transition. These changes may reflect primary pathology of orbitofrontal and medial frontal cortex, or deficits in anterior interhemispheric myelination.
Actual and projected gaps in the provision of residential aged care in New South Wales, Australia
Publisher: CSIRO Publishing
Date: 29-10-2021
DOI: 10.1071/AH21142
Abstract: Objective The need for residential care services will grow significantly over the coming years as the general population in Australia continues to age. The aim of this study was to assess the adequacy of residential care services across New South Wales (NSW), Australia, in relation to the current and predicted future aging population. Method This study was a secondary data analysis. Existing datasets were compiled for analysis by creation of a temporal geodatabase, with predicted population data from 2019 to 2029 linked to corresponding geographic zones. Results Demand for operational places was over capacity in 2019, at 101.5%. From 2019 to 2029, this will grow to 120.2% of 2019 capacity by 2024 and to 135.6% by 2029. An additional 25 800 operational places will be required by 2029 to meet targets. During the previous decade of 2008–18, operational places grew by only 11 502 places. Conclusions NSW was not providing an adequate level of residential aged care and, under current allocations, this problem will worsen substantially over time, with flow-on impacts for the health sector. With aged care reform a current federal government focus, the results of this study may guide decisions that better support the provision of residential aged care. What is known about this topic? The recently completed Australian Royal Commission into aged care noted widespread system failure and highlighted the gaps in medical services that older Australians were experiencing. What does this paper add? This paper reports that demand for residential aged care places in NSW was already over capacity in 2019 and that the availability of places varies considerably across the state. Further, an additional 25 800 operational places are required by 2029 to meet government targets. If the growth rate from the past decade is maintained, this will result in a shortfall of 14 298 aged care places in NSW alone. What are the implications? Without significant increases in the current rate of growth for aged care places, the mainstream medical and health sectors will face significant additional pressures arising from unmet need in both older patients and their informal carers.
Pituitary volume in patients with bipolar disorder and their first-degree relatives.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2009.12.002
Abstract: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation has been reported in bipolar disorder (BD), but previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of pituitary gland volume in BD have yielded inconsistent findings. In addition, the contribution of genetic factors to the pituitary changes in BD remains largely unknown. We used MRI to investigate the pituitary volume in 29 remitted patients with BD, 49 of their first-degree relatives (of whom 15 had a diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder), and 52 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. BD patients had a significantly larger pituitary volume compared with their relatives and healthy controls. Pituitary volume did not differ between controls and healthy relatives or relatives diagnosed with major depression. Direct measures of HPA function (i.e., hormonal levels) were not available. These findings suggest that enlarged pituitary volume is associated with disease expression but not genetic susceptibility to BD.
An MRI study of the superior temporal subregions in patients with current and past major depression
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.PNPBP.2009.10.005
Abstract: The superior temporal gyrus (STG), especially its lateral portion, and temporal pole (TP) both play a central role in emotional processing, but it remains largely unknown whether patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit morphologic changes in these regions. We delineated the STG subregions [planum polare (PP), Heschl gyrus (HG), planum temporale (PT), rostral STG, and caudal STG] and TP using magnetic resonance imaging in 29 currently depressed patients (mean age=32.5 years, 7 males), 27 remitted depressed patients (mean age=35.1 years, 9 males), and 33 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects (mean age=34.0 years, 12 males). Both current and remitted MDD patients showed a significant volume reduction of the left PT and bilateral caudal STG as compared with healthy controls. The TP volume did not differ between the groups. The right PT volume was negatively correlated with total score on the Beck Depression Inventory in the MDD patients as a whole. Medication, presence of melancholia, and comorbidity with anxiety disorders did not affect the TP and STG volumes. These findings suggest that the volume reduction of the STG, but not the TP, may represent enduring brain changes in MDD even after recovery from depression, but right STG volume may also be related to the severity of depressive symptoms.
Perspectives about support challenges facing health workers assisting older adults with and without intellectual disability in rural versus urban settings in Australia
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 05-07-2019
Suicide amongst people with intellectual disability: An Australian online study of disability support staff experiences and perceptions
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-11-2017
DOI: 10.1111/JIR.12442
Abstract: In iduals with intellectual disability (ID) have a higher likelihood of exposure to identified risk factors for suicide when compared with the general community and have been recognised as being both capable of forming intent for suicide and acting on this intent. However, in spite of research outlining these concerns from the 1970s, there remains a dearth of studies that examine suicide amongst the population of people with ID. An online cross-sectional survey was purposively developed, with questions aimed at identifying both the experiences and current practices of support staff who assist people with ID in relation to suicide, suicidal behaviour and suicide assessment. It was undertaken across both rural and metropolitan areas in Australia. The survey was open for a period of 12 months. A total of 139 respondents (109 female/30 male), with a mean age of 41 and an average 12 years of experience in supporting people with ID, completed the tool. A total of nine suicides by people with ID were reported. Seventy-seven per cent of the respondents reported that they had in iduals with ID display suicidal behaviours, and 76% noted that a person had specifically talked about wishing to end their life. Only four participants (3%) noted that they did not support in iduals with a dual diagnosis of ID and mental health concern. Sixty per cent of participants reported that no one in their organisation had ever completed a suicide risk assessment, and only 28% reported that they would do a suicide risk assessment if an in idual that they supported was diagnosed with a mental health issue. The current findings indicate that support staff recognise the capacity of people with ID to conceptualise suicide, note the existence of suicidal discussions and behaviours and report on actual suicides. This represents one of the few Australian studies that has specifically considered suicide amongst this cohort of people and reinforces the fact that suicide is not unknown in this population. The data indicate a possible ide between the reports of people with ID actively talking about and acting on suicidal thoughts and the lack of any proactive use of any tools to assess for this risk.
White and gray matter alterations in adults with Niemann-Pick disease type C: A cross-sectional study
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 10-01-2011
Prevalence of depressed mood versus anhedonia in older persons
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-11-2017
Volumetric MRI study of the insular cortex in individuals with current and past major depression
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAD.2009.06.003
Abstract: Functional neuroimaging studies have implicated the insular cortex in emotional processing, including the evaluation of one's own emotion, as well as in the neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Nevertheless, it remains largely unknown whether MDD patients exhibit morphologic changes of the insular cortex, and whether such changes reflect state or trait markers of the disorder. We delineated the anterior and posterior insular cortices using magnetic resonance imaging in 29 currently depressed patients (mean age=32.5 years, 7 males), 27 remitted depressed patients (mean age=35.1 years, 9 males), and 33 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects (mean age=34.0 years, 12 males). Both current and remitted MDD patients showed significant volume reduction of the left anterior insular cortex as compared with healthy controls, but there was no group difference in the posterior insular cortex volume. Insular volumes did not correlate with the severity of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the presence of melancholia and co-morbidity with anxiety disorders did not affect insular cortex volumes. Although there was no difference in the insular cortex volume between medicated and unmedicated patients, a comprehensive investigation of medication effects was not possible, as complete data (e.g., dose, duration) were not available. These findings suggest that the morphologic abnormality of the anterior insular cortex, which plays a major role in introspection and emotional control, may be a trait-related marker of vulnerability to major depression, supporting the notion that MDD involves pathological alterations of limbic and related cortical structures.
The complexity of lifelong comorbidities with severe intellectual disability
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-07-2019
Corpus callosum size and shape in first-episode affective and schizophrenia-spectrum psychosis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2009
DOI: 10.1016/J.PSCYCHRESNS.2008.09.007
Abstract: Reductions in the size of the anterior callosum have been described for both first-episode and established schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder, but never in in iduals with psychotic bipolar disorder. We recruited 110 first-episode psychosis subjects (74 schizophrenia spectrum and 36 affective psychosis) and 36 age- and gender-matched controls. The callosum was extracted from a mid-sagittal slice from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images, and total area, length and curvature of the callosum were compared. The schizophrenia-spectrum group showed reductions in thickness of the genu across schizophreniform and schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia, and the schizoaffective disorder group also showed an increase in thickness in the splenium and isthmus. None of these changes were seen in the affective disorder group, although a non-significant increase in the region of the isthmus and splenium was seen, particularly in the depressed group. Psychotic affective disorders do not show the anterior callosal reductions that are seen in the schizophrenia-spectrum group at first episode. The schizoaffective patients show additional posterior callosal expansions that may be a marker of an affective diathesis. This suggests that schizoaffective disorder may represent two interacting illness processes or be mid-way along a continuum of these two broad categories of illness at first psychosis.
Dementia developing in late-onset and treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 09-2010
Prevalence of Mental, Behavioural, and Neurobehavioural Disorders
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 23-12-2021
Growing older with lifelong disability: What is “quality of life” in the middle years?
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-06-2020
DOI: 10.1111/BLD.12332
Measurement Properties of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Medication Adherence in Cardiovascular Disease: A COSMIN Systematic Review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-2022
“A life well led”: What does this mean for a person with severe intellectual disability?
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 03-09-2023
Related Organisations
Related Funding Activities
Post-parental Care Planning For Rural People With Intellectual Disabilities
Start Date: 2021
End Date: 2023
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded ActivityLinkage Projects - Grant ID: LP190100287
Start Date: 02-2021
End Date: 01-2024
Amount: $156,353.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
View Funded Activity