ORCID Profile
0000-0002-3584-6765
Current Organisations
University of Technology Sydney
,
University of Sydney
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Medical Devices | Biomaterials | Regenerative Medicine (incl. Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering) | Biomedical Engineering
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Skeletal System and Disorders (incl. Arthritis) | Medical Instruments |
Related Links
Publications
Preparation of animal polysaccharides nanofibers by electrospinning and their potential biomedical applications
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-04-2014
DOI: 10.1002/JBM.A.35187
Abstract: Animal polysaccharides belong to a class of biological macromolecules. They are natural biopolymers with numerous advantages for biomedical applications, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-antigenicity and non-toxicity. Electrospinning is a versatile and facile technique which can produce continuous fibers with nanoscale from a wide range of natural and synthetic polymers. The review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the preparation of animal polysaccharides nanofibers by electrospinning and their potential biomedical applications such as tissue engineering, wound healing, and drug delivery. Various animal polysaccharides including chitin and chitosan (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA), heparin and heparan sulfate (HS), and chondroitin sulfate (ChS), are discussed. The challenges and some useful strategies in electrospinning of animal polysaccharides also are summarized. In addition, future study of animal polysaccharides nanofibers by electrospinning is proposed.
Bone Regeneration: A Novel Bone Substitute with High Bioactivity, Strength, and Porosity for Repairing Large and Load‐Bearing Bone Defects (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 8/2019)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-2019
Unique microstructural design of ceramic scaffolds for bone regeneration under load
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACTBIO.2013.02.039
Abstract: During the past two decades, research on ceramic scaffolds for bone regeneration has progressed rapidly however, currently available porous scaffolds remain unsuitable for load-bearing applications. The key to success is to apply microstructural design strategies to develop ceramic scaffolds with mechanical properties approaching those of bone. Here we report on the development of a unique microstructurally designed ceramic scaffold, strontium-hardystonite-gahnite (Sr-HT-gahnite), with 85% porosity, 500μm pore size, a competitive compressive strength of 4.1±0.3MPa and a compressive modulus of 170±20MPa. The in vitro biocompatibility of the scaffolds was studied using primary human bone-derived cells. The ability of Sr-HT-gahnite scaffolds to repair critical-sized bone defects was also investigated in a rabbit radius under normal load, with β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite scaffolds used in the control group. Studies with primary human osteoblast cultures confirmed the bioactivity of these scaffolds, and regeneration of rabbit radial critical defects demonstrated that this material induces new bone defect bridging, with clear evidence of regeneration of original radial architecture and bone marrow environment.
Novel bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate: Fabrication, characterisation and evaluation of biocompatibility.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.MSEC.2016.04.070
Abstract: Calcium sulfate is in routine clinical use as a bone substitute, offering the benefits of biodegradability, biocompatibility and a long history of use in bone repair. The osteoconductive properties of calcium sulfate may be further improved by doping with strontium ions. Nevertheless, the high degradation rate of calcium sulfate may impede bone healing as substantial material degradation may occur before the healing process is complete. The purpose of this study is to develop a novel composite bone substitute composed of chitosan and strontium-doped α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in the form of microcapsules, which can promote osteogenesis while matching the natural rate of bone healing. The developed microcapsules exhibited controlled degradation that facilitated the sustained release of strontium ions. In vitro testing showed that the microcapsules had minimal cytotoxicity and ability to inhibit bacterial growth. In vivo testing in a mouse model showed the absence of genetic toxicity and low inflammatory potential of the microcapsules. The novel microcapsules developed in this study demonstrated suitable degradation characteristics for bone repair as well as favourable in vitro and in vivo behaviour, and hold promise for use as an alternative bone substitute in orthopaedic surgery.
Interference screws are more likely to perform better than cortical button and cross-pin fixation for hamstring autograft in ACL reconstruction: a Bayesian network meta-analysis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-08-2020
Lateral or medial approach for valgus knee in total knee arthroplasty - which one is better? A systematic review
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 23-10-2019
Abstract: To identify whether the medial or lateral approach is superior for patients with valgus knees undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Studies evaluating the 2 approaches were sourced from the PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science, and OVID databases. The quality of included studies was assessed using a modified quality evaluation method, and differences between approaches were systematically reviewed. Seventeen observational studies were included. The studies were published between 1991 and 2016, and included 5 retrospective studies and 12 prospective studies. Sixteen evaluation methods for the study outcomes were identified. Twelve and eight complication types were identified by studies reporting the lateral and medial approaches for valgus knee, respectively. Several studies showed that pain scores and knee function were superior using a lateral approach. The lateral approach (combined with a tibial tubercle osteotomy or proximal quadriceps snip) was more useful and safer than the medial approach in the treatment of severe uncorrectable valgus knee deformity in patients undergoing TKA. Most of the available evidence supports the use of a lateral approach provided that the surgeon is familiar with the pathological anatomy of the valgus knee.
Liver-on-a-chip: Considerations, advances, and beyond
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 08-11-2022
DOI: 10.1063/5.0106855
Abstract: The liver is the largest internal organ in the human body with largest mass of glandular tissue. Modeling the liver has been challenging due to its variety of major functions, including processing nutrients and vitamins, detoxification, and regulating body metabolism. The intrinsic shortfalls of conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell culture methods for studying pharmacokinetics in parenchymal cells (hepatocytes) have contributed to suboptimal outcomes in clinical trials and drug development. This prompts the development of highly automated, biomimetic liver-on-a-chip (LOC) devices to simulate native liver structure and function, with the aid of recent progress in microfluidics. LOC offers a cost-effective and accurate model for pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicity studies. This review provides a critical update on recent developments in designing LOCs and fabrication strategies. We highlight biomimetic design approaches for LOCs, including mimicking liver structure and function, and their erse applications in areas such as drug screening, toxicity assessment, and real-time biosensing. We capture the newest ideas in the field to advance the field of LOCs and address current challenges.
Correction to: A Novel Bone Substitute with High Bioactivity, Strength, and Porosity for Repairing Large and Load-Bearing Bone Defects (Advanced Healthcare Materials, (2019), 8, 8, (1801298), 10.1002/adhm.201801298)
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 07-2019
Nanosurfacing Ti alloy by weak alkalinity-activated solid-state dewetting (AAD) and its biointerfacial enhancement effect
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D0MH01837F
Abstract: A weak alkalinity-activated solid-state dewetting (AAD) method is developed to produce quasi-periodic nanopimple-like titanium oxide on biomedical Ti6Al4V alloy. The nanostructures modulated the cross-talk between osteoblasts and macrophages.
Macroporous Granular Hydrogels Functionalized with Aligned Architecture and Small Extracellular Vesicles Stimulate Osteoporotic Tendon‐To‐Bone Healing
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 22-10-2023
Comparison of Chondrocytes in Knee Osteoarthritis and Regulation by Scaffold Pore Size and Stiffness.
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 02-2021
Multiphasic scaffolds for the repair of osteochondral defects: Outcomes of preclinical studies
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Proximal Bone Remodeling in Lower Limb Amputees Reconstructed With an Osseointegrated Prosthesis
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 29-08-2019
DOI: 10.1002/JOR.24445
Abstract: Mobility outcomes and changes in bone mineral density (BMD) of the spine and femoral necks in response to unilateral osseointegrated implants was investigated over a 3-year period. A total of 48 unilateral utees who received an osseointegrated implant, comprising 33 trans-femoral utees (TFA) and 15 trans-tibial utees (TTA), underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and femoral necks at baseline, 1-, and 3-years follow-ups. Mobility outcomes, including the Six-Minute-Walk Test (6MWT) and Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG), were measured before surgery, at 1 year, and more than 2 years following the osseointegration procedure. We observed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in Z-score values in the femoral neck of the utated side in TFA patients without a femoral neck lag screw at the 1- and 3-year follow-ups, as well as in TFA patients with a lag screw present at 3-year follow-up. The BMD at 1-year follow-up was found to be positively correlated with pre-surgery 6MWT values in patients who were mobile using a traditional socket prosthesis before receiving an osseointegrated implant. These results suggest that osseointegrated implants induce a physiological response in the femoral neck of recipients and appear to be evidence of restored biomechanical loading in the proximal femur. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2524-2530, 2019.
Challenges with Cell-based Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-11-2023
DOI: 10.1007/S12015-022-10482-1
Abstract: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic, lifelong metabolic disease. It is characterised by the autoimmune-mediated loss of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells in the islets of Langerhans (β-islets), resulting in disrupted glucose homeostasis. Administration of exogenous insulin is the most common management method for T1D, but this requires lifelong reliance on insulin injections and invasive blood glucose monitoring. Replacement therapies with beta cells are being developed as an advanced curative treatment for T1D. Unfortunately, this approach is limited by the lack of donated pancreatic tissue, the difficulties in beta cell isolation and viability maintenance, the longevity of the transplanted cells in vivo, and consequently high costs. Emerging approaches to address these limitations are under intensive investigations, including the production of insulin-producing beta cells from various stem cells, and the development of bioengineered devices including nanotechnologies for improving islet transplantation efficacy without the need for recipients taking toxic anti-rejection drugs. These emerging approaches present promising prospects, while the challenges with the new techniques need to be tackled for ultimately clinical treatment of T1D. This review discussed the benefits and limitations of the cell-based therapies for beta cell replacement as potential curative treatment for T1D, and the applications of bioengineered devices including nanotechnology to overcome the challenges associated with beta cell transplantation.
Tissue response to biomaterials
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2019
Outstanding Reviewers for Journal of Materials Chemistry B in 2022
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2023
DOI: 10.1039/D3TB90111D
Abstract: We would like to take this opportunity to highlight the Outstanding Reviewers for Journal of Materials Chemistry B in 2022, as selected by the editorial team for their significant contribution to the journal.
A long non-coding RNA, HOTAIR, promotes cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis by inhibiting WIF-1 expression and activating Wnt pathway
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-07-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12860-020-00299-6
Abstract: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recently found to be critical regulators of the epigenome. However, our knowledge of their role in osteoarthritis (OA) development is limited. This study investigates the mechanism by which HOTAIR, a key lncRNA with elevated expression in OA, affects OA disease progression. HOTAIR expression was greatly elevated in osteoarthritic compared to normal chondrocytes. Silencing and over-expression of HOTAIR in SW1353 cells respectively reduced and increased the expression of genes associated with cartilage degradation in OA. Investigation of molecular pathways revealed that HOTAIR acted directly on Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF-1) by increasing histone H3K27 trimethylation in the WIF-1 promoter, leading to WIF-1 repression that favours activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling by HOTAIR through WIF-1 repression in osteoarthritic chondrocytes increases catabolic gene expression and promotes cartilage degradation. This is the first study to demonstrate a direct link between HOTAIR, WIF-1 and OA progression, which may be useful for future investigations into disease biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
Fabrication of functional PLGA-based electrospun scaffolds and their applications in biomedical engineering
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.MSEC.2015.11.026
Abstract: Electrospun PLGA-based scaffolds have been applied extensively in biomedical engineering, such as tissue engineering and drug delivery system. Due to lack of the recognition sites on cells, hydropholicity and single-function, the applications of PLGA fibrous scaffolds are limited. In order to tackle these issues, many works have been done to obtain functional PLGA-based scaffolds, including surface modifications, the fabrication of PLGA-based composite scaffolds and drug-loaded scaffolds. The functional PLGA-based scaffolds have significantly improved cell adhesion, attachment and proliferation. Moreover, the current study has summarized the applications of functional PLGA-based scaffolds in wound dressing, vascular and bone tissue engineering area as well as drug delivery system.
Outstanding Reviewers for Biomaterials Science in 2021
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2022
DOI: 10.1039/D2BM90045A
Abstract: We would like to take this opportunity to highlight the Outstanding Reviewers for Biomaterials Science in 2021, as selected by the editorial team for their significant contribution to the journal.
Profiling extracellular vesicle surface proteins with 10 µL peripheral plasma within 4 h
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 31-08-2023
DOI: 10.1002/JEV2.12364
The prevalence of hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-03-2023
DOI: 10.1186/S13075-023-03033-7
Abstract: To estimate the global prevalence of hip osteoarthritis (HOA) through a systematic review and meta-analysis, and to determine by regression analysis the respective relationships between age and sex, and sex and prevalence. EMBASE, PubMed, Web of science, CINAHL, and SCOPUS were searched from inception until August 2022. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed the quality of the retrieved literature. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed to derive the pooled prevalence. Variations in the prevalence estimate in different subgroups, including diagnostic methods, region, and patient sex, were examined by subgroup meta-analysis. Meta-regression was used to construct the age-specific prevalence of HOA. A total of 31 studies were included in our analysis, involving 326,463 participants. Quality evaluation showed that all studies included in the analysis had a Quality Score of at least 4. The most frequently used method for diagnosing HOA was the Kellgren–Lawrence (K-L) grade classification, accounting for 19/31 (61.3%) studies. The pooled prevalence of HOA diagnosed based on the K-L grade ≥ 2 criterion was 8.55% (95% CI 4.85–13.18) worldwide. The prevalence of HOA was lowest in Africa at 1.20% (95% CI: 0.40–2.38), followed by Asia at 4.26% (95% CI 0.02–14.93) and North America at 7.95% (95% CI 1.98–17.36), and highest in Europe at 12.59% (95% CI 7.17–19.25). There was no statistically significant difference in HOA prevalence between men (9.42%, 95% CI:4.81–15.34) and women at (7.94%, 95% CI: 3.57–13.81). The regression model showed a correlation between age and the prevalence of HOA. HOA has high prevalence worldwide and increases with age. The prevalence varies significantly by region but not by patient sex. High-quality epidemiological studies are warranted to more accurately estimate the prevalence of HOA.
ROLE OF STEM CELLS AND BIOACTIVE SCAFFOLD IN CHRONIC JOINT INJURY: WORKING TOWARDS A REGENERATIVE MEDICINE APPROACH TO STOP OSTEOARTHRITIS PROGRESSION
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Intra-articular Injection of Cell-laden 3D Microcryogels Empower Low-dose Cell Therapy for Osteoarthritis in a Rat Model
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 2020
Abstract: Intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in an osteoarthritic joint can help slow down cartilage destruction. However, cell survival and the efficiency of repair are generally low due to mechanical damage during injection and a high rate of cell loss. We, thus, investigated an improved strategy for cell delivery to an osteoarthritic joint through the use of three-dimensional (3D) microcryogels. MSCs were seeded into 3D microcryogels. The viability and proliferation of MSCs in microcryogels were determined over 5 d, and the phenotype of MSCs was confirmed through trilineage differentiation tests and flow cytometry. In Sprague Dawley rats with induced osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint, a single injection was made with the following groups: saline control, low-dose free MSCs (1 × 10 5 cells), high-dose free MSCs (1 × 10 6 cells), and microcryogels + MSCs (1 × 10 5 cells). Cartilage degeneration was evaluated by macroscopic examination, micro-computed tomographic analysis, and histology. MSCs grown in microcryogels exhibited optimal viability and proliferation at 3 d with stable maintenance of phenotype in vitro. Microcryogels seeded with MSCs were, therefore, primed for 3 d before being used for in vivo experiments. At 4 and 8 wk, the microcryogels + MSCs and high-dose free MSC groups had significantly higher International Cartilage Repair Society macroscopic scores, histological evidence of more proteoglycan deposition and less cartilage loss accompanied by a lower Mankin score, and minimal radiographic evidence of osteoarthritic changes in the joint compared to the other two groups. In conclusion, intra-articular injection of cell-laden 3D microcryogels containing a low dose of MSCs can achieve similar effects as a high dose of free MSCs for OA in a rat model. Primed MSCs in 3D microcryogels can be considered as an improved delivery strategy for cell therapy in treating OA that minimizes cell dose while retaining therapeutic efficacy.
Multiple Silk Coatings on Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds: Effect on Physical and Mechanical Properties and In Vitro Osteogenic Response of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 07-06-2013
DOI: 10.1021/BM400303W
Infectious disease mRNA vaccines and a review on epitope prediction for vaccine design
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-06-2021
DOI: 10.1093/BFGP/ELAB027
Abstract: Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have recently emerged as a new type of vaccine technology, showing strong potential to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to SARS-CoV-2 which caused the pandemic, mRNA vaccines have been developed and tested to prevent infectious diseases caused by other viruses such as Zika virus, the dengue virus, the respiratory syncytial virus, influenza H7N9 and Flavivirus. Interestingly, mRNA vaccines may also be useful for preventing non-infectious diseases such as diabetes and cancer. This review summarises the current progresses of mRNA vaccines designed for a range of diseases including COVID-19. As epitope study is a primary component in the in silico design of mRNA vaccines, we also survey on advanced bioinformatics and machine learning algorithms which have been used for epitope prediction, and review on user-friendly software tools available for this purpose. Finally, we discuss some of the unanswered concerns about mRNA vaccines, such as unknown long-term side effects, and present with our perspectives on future developments in this exciting area.
MicroRNA expression in osteoarthritis: a meta-analysis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-04-2023
Clinically Relevant Outcome Measures Following Limb Osseointegration; Systematic Review of the Literature
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 02-2018
DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000001031
Abstract: The current standard of care for an utee is a socket-based prostheses. An osseointegrated implant (OI) is an alternative for prosthetic attachment. Osseointegration addresses reported problems related to wearing a socket interface, such as skin issues, discomfort, diminished function, quality of life, prosthetic use, and abandonment. The purpose of this report is to systematically review current literature regarding OI to identify and categorize the reported clinically relevant outcome measures, rate the quality of available evidence, and synthesize the findings. A multidisciplinary team used PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methods. Search methodology was based on identifying clinically relevant articles. Three databases were searched: PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science. Clinical studies with aggregated data reporting at least 1 clinically relevant outcome measure were included. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criterion was used for critical appraisal and recommendations. This review identified 21 clinically relevant observational studies. Outcome measures were categorized into the following 9 categories: vibratory stimulation, complications, biomechanics, economics, patient-reported outcome measures, electromyography, x-ray, physical functional performance, and energy consumption. This systematic review consisted of Level III and IV observational studies. Homogeneous outcome measures with strong psychometric properties across prospective studies do not exist to date. Higher-level, prospective, randomized, long-term, clinically relevant trials are needed to prove efficacy of OI compared with socket prosthetic attachment. Osseointegration was at least equivalent to sockets in most studies. In some cases, it was superior. Osseointegration represents a promising alternative to socket prosthetic attachments for extremity utees. Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Extracellular vesicles from biological fluids as potential markers in castration resistant prostate cancer
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-10-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S00432-022-04391-6
Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EV) secreted from cancer cells are present in various biological fluids, carrying distinctly different cellular components compared to normal cells, and have great potential to be used as markers for disease initiation, progression, and response to treatment. This under-utilised tool provides insights into a better understanding of prostate cancer. EV from serum and urine of healthy men and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients were isolated and characterised by transmission electron microscopy, particle size analysis, and western blot. Proteomic and cholesterol liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analyses were conducted. There was a successful enrichment of small EV/exosomes isolated from serum and urine. EV derived from biological fluids of CRPC patients had significant differences in composition when compared with those from healthy controls. Analysis of matched serum and urine s les from six prostate cancer patients revealed specific EV proteins common in both types of biological fluid for each patient. Some of the EV proteins identified from our analyses have potential to be used as CRPC markers. These markers may depict a pattern in cancer progression through non-invasive s le collection.
Preclinical Studies and Clinical Trials on Cell-Based Treatments for Meniscus Regeneration
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 14-06-2023
A meta-analysis of the effectiveness and safety of safinamide for levodopa-induced motor complications in Parkinson's disease.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 26-05-2023
Osseointegrated Prosthetic Limb for the treatment of lower limb amputations: Experience and outcomes,Das Osseointegrated Prosthetic Limb zur Behandlung von Amputationen der unteren Extremitäten: Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-01-2017
DOI: 10.1007/S00113-016-0296-8
Abstract: Osseointegration has emerged over the past two decades as a dramatically different approach for the treatment of lower limb utations, which involves direct attachment of the prosthesis to the skeletal residuum. This approach can address many of the socket-interface issues associated with socket prostheses which represent the current standard of care for utees. The Osseointegrated Prosthetic Limb (OPL) is an osseointegration implant with a new design and improved features compared to other available implant systems. To report on the experience and outcomes of using the OPL for osseointegrated reconstruction of lower limb utations. This is a retrospective study of 22 patients who received the OPL implant between December 2013 and November 2014. Clinical outcomes were obtained pre- and post-operatively, with results reported at the 1‑year follow-up. Outcome measures included the Questionnaire for persons with a Trans-Femoral Amputation (Q-TFA), Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36), Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and Timed Up and Go (TUG). Adverse events were also recorded. Compared to the mean pre-operative values obtained while patients were using socket prostheses or were wheelchair-bound, the mean post-operative values for all four validated outcome measures were significantly improved. There were 15 episodes of minor infections in 12 patients, all of which responded to antibiotics. Soft tissue refashioning was performed electively on 6 patients. No other adverse events were recorded. The results demonstrate that osseointegration surgery using the OPL is a relatively safe and effective procedure for the reconstruction and rehabilitation of lower limb utees.
An In Vitro study to investigate the effects of stem cell therapy for treating Osteoarthritis
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Extracellular vesicles from biological fluids as potential biomarkers for prostate cancer
Publisher: Research Square Platform LLC
Date: 16-08-2022
DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-1948091/V1
Abstract: Purpose Despite the high incidence of false positives, prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening remains a widely used diagnostic test for prostate cancer, driving an urgent need for the discovery of better biomarkers for early prostate cancer detection. Extracellular vesicles (EV) secreted from cancer cells are present in various biological fluids, carrying distinctly different cellular components compared to normal cells, and have great potential to be used as a source of biomarkers. Methods EV from serum and urine of healthy men and prostate cancer patients were isolated, and characterised by transmission electron microscopy, particle size analysis, and western blot. Proteomic and cholesterol liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses were conducted. Results There was a successful enrichment of exosomes isolated from serum and urine. EV derived from biological fluids of prostate cancer patients had significant differences in composition when compared with those from healthy controls. Analysis of matched serum and urine s les from six prostate cancer patients revealed specific EV proteins common in both types of biological fluid for each patient. Conclusion Some of the EV proteins identified from our analyses have potential to be used as prostate cancer biomarkers, either to depict cancer progression or for disease diagnosis through non-invasive testing.
Single-cell multi-omics sequencing: application trends, COVID-19, data analysis issues and prospects
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 10-06-2021
DOI: 10.1093/BIB/BBAB229
Abstract: Single-cell sequencing is a biotechnology to sequence one layer of genomic information for in idual cells in a tissue s le. For ex le, single-cell DNA sequencing is to sequence the DNA from every single cell. Increasing in complexity, single-cell multi-omics sequencing, or single-cell multimodal omics sequencing, is to profile in parallel multiple layers of omics information from a single cell. In practice, single-cell multi-omics sequencing actually detects multiple traits such as DNA, RNA, methylation information and/or protein profiles from the same cell for many in iduals in a tissue s le. Multi-omics sequencing has been widely applied to systematically unravel interplay mechanisms of key components and pathways in cell. This survey overviews recent developments in single-cell multi-omics sequencing, and their applications to understand complex diseases in particular the COVID-19 pandemic. We also summarize machine learning and bioinformatics techniques used in the analysis of the intercorrelated multilayer heterogeneous data. We observed that variational inference and graph-based learning are popular approaches, and Seurat V3 is a commonly used tool to transfer the missing variables and labels. We also discussed two intensively studied issues relating to data consistency and ersity and commented on currently cared issues surrounding the error correction of data pairs and data imputation methods. The survey is concluded with some open questions and opportunities for this extraordinary field.
CD301b+ macrophage: the new booster for activating bone regeneration in periodontitis treatment
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 17-05-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41368-023-00225-4
Abstract: Periodontal bone regeneration is a major challenge in the treatment of periodontitis. Currently the main obstacle is the difficulty of restoring the regenerative vitality of periodontal osteoblast lineages suppressed by inflammation, via conventional treatment. CD301b + macrophages were recently identified as a subpopulation that is characteristic of a regenerative environment, but their role in periodontal bone repair has not been reported. The current study indicates that CD301b + macrophages may be a constituent component of periodontal bone repair, and that they are devoted to bone formation in the resolving phase of periodontitis. Transcriptome sequencing suggested that CD301b + macrophages could positively regulate osteogenesis-related processes. In vitro, CD301b + macrophages could be induced by interleukin 4 (IL-4) unless proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) were present. Mechanistically, CD301b + macrophages promoted osteoblast differentiation via insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/thymoma viral proto-oncogene 1 (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. An osteogenic inducible nano-capsule (OINC) consisting of a gold nanocage loaded with IL-4 as the “core” and mouse neutrophil membrane as the “shell” was designed. When injected into periodontal tissue, OINCs first absorbed proinflammatory cytokines in inflamed periodontal tissue, then released IL-4 controlled by far-red irradiation. These events collectively promoted CD301b + macrophage enrichment, which further boosted periodontal bone regeneration. The current study highlights the osteoinductive role of CD301b + macrophages, and suggests a CD301b + macrophage-targeted induction strategy based on biomimetic nano-capsules for improved therapeutic efficacy, which may also provide a potential therapeutic target and strategy for other inflammatory bone diseases.
Self-assembled microtissues loaded with osteogenic MSCs for in vivo bone regeneration.
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 12-12-2022
DOI: 10.3389/FBIOE.2022.1069804
Abstract: Bone regeneration strategies based on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy have received widespread attention. Although MSC incorporation into bone scaffolds can help with the repair process, a large number of studies demonstrate variable effects of MSCs with some noting that the inclusion of MSCs does not provide better outcomes compared to unseeded scaffolds. This may in part be related to low cell survival following implantation and/or limited ability to continue with osteogenic differentiation for pre-differentiated cells. In this study, we incorporated MSCs into gelatin microcryogels to form microtissues, and subjected these microtissues to osteogenic induction. We then mixed as-formed microtissues with those subjected to 6 days of osteogenic induction in different ratios, and investigated their ability to induce in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis during self-assembly. Using a full-thickness rat calvarial defect model, we found that undifferentiated and osteogenically induced microtissues mixed in a ratio of 2:1 produced the best outcomes of bone regeneration. This provides a new, customizable cell-based therapeutic strategy for in vivo repair of bone defects.
Single-stage osseointegrated reconstruction and rehabilitation of lower limb amputees: The Osseointegration Group of Australia Accelerated Protocol-2 (OGAAP-2) for a prospective cohort study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 03-2017
Research landscape of 3D printing in bone regeneration and bone repair: A bibliometric and visualized analysis from 2012 to 2022.
Publisher: AccScience Publishing
Date: 26-04-2023
DOI: 10.18063/IJB.737
Abstract: Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is a popular manufacturing technique with versatile potential for materials processing in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In particular, the repair and regeneration of significant bone defects remain as substantial clinical challenges that require biomaterial implants to maintain mechanical strength and porosity, which may be realized using 3DP. The rapid progress in 3DP development in the past decade warrants a bibliometric analysis to gain insights into its applications in bone tissue engineering (BTE). Here, we performed a comparative study using bibliometric methods for 3DP in bone repair and regeneration. A total of 2,025 articles were included, and the results showed an increase in the number of publications and relative research interest on 3DP annually worldwide. China was the leader in international cooperation in this field and also the largest contributor to the number of citations. The majority of articles in this field were published in the journal Biofabrication. Chen Y was the author who made the highest contribution to the included studies. The keywords included in the publications were mainly related to BTE and regenerative medicine (including & DP techniques,& & DP materials,& & bone regeneration strategies,& and & bone disease therapeutics& ) for bone regeneration and repair. This bibliometric and visualized analysis provides significant insights into the historical development of 3DP in BTE from 2012 to 2022, which will be beneficial for scientists to conduct further investigations into this dynamic field.& nbsp
Clinical-Grade Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Ameliorate the Progression of Osteoarthritis in a Rat Model
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 24-01-2021
DOI: 10.3390/MOLECULES26030604
Abstract: Mesenchymalstem cell (MSC)-based therapy is being increasingly explored in preclinical and clinical studies as a regenerative method for treating osteoarthritis (OA). However, the use of primary MSCs is h ered by a number of limitations, including donor heterogeneity and inconsistent cell quality. Here, we tested the therapeutic potential of embryonic stem cell-derived MSCs (ES-MSCs) in anOA rat model. ES-MSCs were generated and identified by morphology, trilineage differentiation and flow cytometry. Sprague Dawley rats were treated with either a single dose (106 cells/rat) of ES-MSCs or with three doses spaced one week apart for each dose, starting at four weeks after anterior cruciate ligament transectionto induce OA. Cartilage quality was evaluated at 6 and 10 weeks after treatment with behavioral analysis, macroscopic examination, and histology. At sixweeks after treatment, the groups treated with both single and repeated doses of ES-MSCs had significantly better modified Mankin scores and International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) macroscopic scores in the femoral condyle compared to the control group. At 10 weeks after treatment, the repeated doses group had a significantly better ICRS macroscopic scores in the femoral condyle compared to the single dose and control groups. Histological analysis also showed more proteoglycan and less cartilage loss, along with lower Mankin scores in the repeated doses group. In conclusion, treatment with multiple injections of ES-MSCs can ameliorate OA in a rat model. TheES-MSCs have potential to be considered as a regenerative therapy for OA, and can provide an infinite cellular source.
MicroRNA-1 Modulates Chondrocyte Phenotype by Regulating FZD7 of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 20-11-2020
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is an incurable joint disease characterized by pronounced pain. MicroRNAs constitute epigenetic mechanisms that may affect OA progression by contributing to changes in chondrocyte phenotype. This study investigates for the first time whether there is a link between miRNA-1 (miR-1) and OA pathogenesis, and the molecular mechanisms involved. OA-associated gene expression, including MMP-13, ADAMTS5, and COL2A1 was compared in chondrocytes from non-OA and OA cartilage, and in SW1353 cells over- and underexpressing miR-1. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay were conducted to confirm whether FZD7 was a target of miR-1. The effects of miR-1 on FZD7 expression and downstream Wnt/β-catenin signalling were investigated. Non-OA and OA chondrocytes differed significantly in the expression of miR-1 and OA-associated genes. MiR-1 over- and underexpression in SW1353 cells, respectively, reduced and enhanced gene expression associated with cartilage catabolism. FZD7, which has an important role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, was shown to be a potential target of miR-1. MiR-1 binding to FZD7 increased the levels of phosphorylated (inactivated) β-catenin, thereby preventing downstream β-catenin signaling. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by miR-1 in chondrocytes may attenuate the expression of genes that regulate the activity of catabolic enzymes. This finding may be useful for future investigations of molecular targets for OA treatment.
New technology-based assistive techniques in total knee arthroplasty: A Bayesian network meta-analysis and systematic review.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-12-2020
DOI: 10.1002/RCS.2189
Understanding the effects of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for treating osteoarthritis using an in vitro co-culture model
Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Date: 26-08-2022
DOI: 10.1101/2022.08.25.505255
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of chronic pain and disability, for which there is no cure. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been used in clinical trials for treating OA due to their unique functions to send paracrine anti-inflammatory and trophic signals. Interestingly, these studies have shown mainly short-term effects of MSCs in improving pain and joint function, rather than sustained and consistent benefits. This may reflect a change or loss in the therapeutic effects of MSCs after intra-articular injection. This study aimed to unravel the reasons behind the variable efficacy of MSC injections for OA using an in vitro co-culture model. Osteoarthritic human synovial fibroblasts (OA-HSFs) exposed to MSCs showed short-term downregulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-catabolic genes, but the MSCs showed upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes and impaired ability to undergo osteogenesis and chondrogenesis in the presence of OA-HSFs. Moreover, short-term exposure of OA-HSFs to MSCs was insufficient for inducing sustained changes to their diseased behaviour. These findings suggest MSCs may not provide long-term effects in correcting the OA joint environment due to adopting the diseased phenotype of the surrounding tissues, which have important implications in the future development of effective stem cell-based OA treatments with long-term therapeutic efficacy.
Bone-Biomimetic Biomaterial and Cell Fate Determination
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 06-12-2015
A biphasic scaffold based on silk and bioactive ceramic with stratified properties for osteochondral tissue regeneration
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1039/C5TB00353A
Abstract: The developed biphasic scaffold featured a gradient of structural, mechanical and biological cues to match the segments of osteochondral tissue.
Intra‐articular delivery of umbilical cord‐derived mesenchymal stem cells temporarily retard the progression of osteoarthritis in a rat model
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-04-2020
A low dose cell therapy system for treating osteoarthritis: In vivo study and in vitro mechanistic investigations
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Outstanding Reviewers for Biomaterials Science in 2020
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1BM90042K
Abstract: We would like to take this opportunity to highlight the Outstanding Reviewers for Biomaterials Science in 2020, as selected by the editorial team for their significant contribution to the journal.
Is robotic assistance more eye-catching than computer navigation in joint arthroplasty? A Google trends analysis from the point of public interest
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-06-2023
Advances in the Development of Granular Microporous Injectable Hydrogels with Non-spherical Microgels and Their Applications in Tissue Regeneration.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-08-2023
Abstract: Granular microporous hydrogels are emerging as effective biomaterial scaffolds for tissue engineering due to their improved characteristics compared to traditional nanoporous hydrogels, which better promote cell viability, cell migration, cellular/tissue infiltration, and tissue regeneration. Recent advances have resulted in the development of granular hydrogels made of non‐spherical microgels, which compared to those made of spherical microgels have higher macroporosity, more stable mechanical properties, and better ability to guide the alignment and differentiation of cells in anisotropic tissue. The development of these hydrogels as an emerging research area is attracting increasing interest in regenerative medicine. This review first summarizes the fabrication techniques available for non‐spherical microgels with different aspect‐ratios. Then, it introduces the development of granular microporous hydrogels made of non‐spherical microgels, their physicochemical characteristics, and their applications in tissue regeneration. The limitations and future outlook of research on microporous granular hydrogels are also critically discussed.
Current Approaches to Bone Tissue Engineering: The Interface between Biology and Engineering
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-12-2018
Abstract: The successful regeneration of bone tissue to replace areas of bone loss in large defects or at load‐bearing sites remains a significant clinical challenge. Over the past few decades, major progress is achieved in the field of bone tissue engineering to provide alternative therapies, particularly through approaches that are at the interface of biology and engineering. To satisfy the erse regenerative requirements of bone tissue, the field moves toward highly integrated approaches incorporating the knowledge and techniques from multiple disciplines, and typically involves the use of biomaterials as an essential element for supporting or inducing bone regeneration. This review summarizes the types of approaches currently used in bone tissue engineering, beginning with those primarily based on biology or engineering, and moving into integrated approaches in the areas of biomaterial developments, biomimetic design, and scalable methods for treating large or load‐bearing bone defects, while highlighting potential areas for collaboration and providing an outlook on future developments.
Biomaterials for Tissue-Engineered Treatment of Tendinopathy in Animal Models: A Systematic Review
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 08-2023
Osseointegration as treatment for a knee disarticulation because of a congenital femoral deficiency
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 11-10-2017
Abstract: A 25-year-old woman underwent osseointegration surgery as treatment for an utation that had been performed because of congenital femoral deficiency. The undersized custom-designed implant for the congenitally hypoplastic femur subsequently loosened, causing substantial pain and loss of function. The patient underwent revision surgery with a larger standard-sized osseointegration implant, and experienced no additional complications. This case demonstrates the possibility of stimulating a hypertrophic response in underdeveloped bone, which allows the subsequent insertion of a larger implant with greater stability. Similar procedures can be considered for the treatment of patients who had utations because of congenital deficiencies, in order to produce improved outcomes and reduce the risk of additional complications.
Synergistic effect of nanomaterials and BMP-2 signalling in inducing osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.NANO.2014.09.008
Abstract: The lack of complete understanding in the signalling pathways that control the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells hinders their clinical application in the reconstruction of large bone defects and non-union bone fractures. The aim of this study is to gain insight into the interactions of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and bone biomimetic scaffolds in directing osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and the underlying signalling pathways involved. We demonstrated that bioactive glass nanoparticles (nBG) incorporated polycaprolactone (PCL) coating on hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) scaffold exerted a synergistic effect with 3days of BMP-2 treatment in promoting osteogenic gene expression levels (Runx-2, collagen I, osteopontin and bone sialoprotein) and alkaline phosphatase activity in ASCs. Furthermore, we revealed that the synergistic effect was mediated through a mechanism of activating β1-integrin and induction of Wnt-3a autocrine signalling pathways by nBG incorporated scaffold.
Fabrication of a novel triphasic and bioactive ceramic and evaluation of its in vitro and in vivo cytocompatibility and osteogenesis
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB21504K
Doped Calcium Silicate Ceramics: A New Class of Candidates for Synthetic Bone Substitutes
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 10-02-2017
DOI: 10.3390/MA10020153
Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Treatment of Inflammation-Related Conditions
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 16-03-2021
DOI: 10.3390/IJMS22063023
Abstract: Over the past two decades, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have demonstrated great potential in the treatment of inflammation-related conditions. Numerous early stage clinical trials have suggested that this treatment strategy has potential to lead to significant improvements in clinical outcomes. While promising, there remain substantial regulatory hurdles, safety concerns, and logistical issues that need to be addressed before cell-based treatments can have widespread clinical impact. These drawbacks, along with research aimed at elucidating the mechanisms by which MSCs exert their therapeutic effects, have inspired the development of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. The use of MSC-derived EVs for treating inflammation-related conditions has shown therapeutic potential in both in vitro and small animal studies. This review will explore the current research landscape pertaining to the use of MSC-derived EVs as anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative agents in a range of inflammation-related conditions: osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular disease, and preecl sia. Along with this, the mechanisms by which MSC-derived EVs exert their beneficial effects on the damaged or degenerative tissues will be reviewed, giving insight into their therapeutic potential. Challenges and future perspectives on the use of MSC-derived EVs for the treatment of inflammation-related conditions will be discussed.
Posterior-Stabilized Versus Cruciate-Retaining Prostheses for Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Risk of Bias Considerations
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-09-2022
Advances in implant surface modifications to improve osseointegration
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2021
DOI: 10.1039/D1MA00675D
Abstract: Presenting the latest advances in surface modification of titanium and titanium alloy implants by physical, chemical and biological methods.
Engineering 3D functional tissue constructs using self-assembling cell-laden microniches
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
In situ self-assembled organoid for osteochondral tissue regeneration with dual functional units
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Global trends of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm research in the past two decades: A bibliometric study.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-03-2020
DOI: 10.1002/MBO3.1021
An Efficient Calibration Method for Triaxial Gyroscope
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 15-09-2021
Application of extracellular vesicles in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer: Implications for clinical practice
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Silicon incorporation into hydroxyapatite nanocarrier counteracts the side effects of vancomycin for efficient chronic osteomyelitis treatment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2021
Effect of self-assembled nanofibrous silk/polycaprolactone layer on the osteoconductivity and mechanical properties of biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2012
DOI: 10.1016/J.ACTBIO.2011.10.009
Abstract: We here present the first successful report on combining nanostructured silk and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with a ceramic scaffold to produce a composite scaffold that is highly porous (porosity ∼85%, pore size ∼500 μm, ∼100% interconnectivity), strong and non-brittle with a surface that resembles extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM-like surface was developed by self-assembly of nanofibrous structured silk (20-80 nm diameter, similar to native collagen found in ECM) over a thin PCL layer which is coated on biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) scaffolds. The effects of different concentrations of silk solution on the mechanical and physical properties of the scaffolds were also comprehensively examined. Our results showed that using silk only (irrespective of concentration) for the modification of ceramic scaffolds could drastically reduce the compressive strength of the modified scaffolds in aqueous media, and the modification made a limited contribution to improving scaffold toughness. Using PCL/nanostructured silk the compressive strength and modulus of the modified scaffolds reached 0.42 MPa (compared with 0.07 MPa for BCP) and ∼25 MPa (compared with 5 MPa for BCP), respectively. The failure strain of the modified scaffold increased more than 6% compared with a BCP scaffold (failure strain of less than 1%), indicating a transformation from brittle to elastic behavior. The cytocompatibility of ECM-like composite scaffolds was investigated by studying the attachment, morphology, proliferation and bone-related gene expression of primary human bone-derived cells. Cells cultured on the developed scaffolds for 7 days had significant up-regulation of cell proliferation (∼1.6-fold higher, P<0.001) and osteogenic gene expression levels (collagen type I, osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein) compared with the other groups tested.
Large autologous ilium with periosteum for tibiotalar joint reconstruction in Rüedi-Allgöwer III or AO/OTA type C3 pilon fractures: a pilot study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-09-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12891-020-03659-7
Abstract: Management of Rüedi-Allgöwer III or AO/OTA type C3 pilon fracture presents numerous challenges to the orthopaedic surgeon. A joint preservation technique using a large autologous ilium with periosteum in combination with internal implant fixation was reported to improve the outcome of reconstruction . Twenty-five patients according to Tscherne/Oestern FxCO-I closed fracture and FxOI open fractures classification after Rüedi-Allgöwer III or AO/OTA type C3 pilon fracture received a large autologous ilium with periosteum for tibiotalar joint reconstruction and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), between March 2015 and September 2018. The visual analog scale (VAS), American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and Burwell and Charnley criteria were used for outcome analysis. Twenty patients with an average age of 45.2 years were followed for an average of 18.3 months. The VAS and AOFAS scores, and Burwell and Charnley ratings were recorded at the last follow-up after reconstructive surgery. Two patients developed redness and swelling at the wound site, but recovered after local care and dressing changes. No patient displayed deep surgical site infection, donor site complication, non-union or local complication during the final follow-up. The average bone union time was 18.3 months (range 3–36). Large autologous ilium with periosteum in combination with ORIF can be performed for tibiotalar joint reconstruction. This experimental procedure reduces the risk of post-operative complications following articular reconstruction for Rüedi-Allgöwer III or AO/OTA type C3 pilon fractures in short follow-up. Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Effects of Material-Tissue Interactions on Bone Regeneration Outcomes Using Baghdadite Implants in a Large Animal Model
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-06-2018
Abstract: Extensive bone loss due to trauma or disease leads to impaired healing. Current bone grafts and substitutes have major drawbacks that limit their effectiveness for treating large bone defects. A number of bone substitutes in development are undergoing preclinical testing, but few studies specifically investigate the in vivo material-tissue interactions that provide an important indicator to long-term implant safety and efficacy. This study is the first of its kind to specifically investigate in vivo material-tissue interactions at the bone-implant interface. Baghdadite scaffolds implanted in critical-sized segmental defects in sheep tibia for 26 weeks are analyzed by focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy, multiphoton microscopy, and histology. The scaffolds are seen to induce extensive bone formation that directly abut the implant surfaces with no evidence of chronic inflammation or fibrous capsule formation. Bone remodeling is influenced by slow in vivo degradation around and within the implant, causing portions of the implant to be incorporated into the newly formed bone. These findings have important implications for predicting the long-term effects of baghdadite ceramics in promoting defect healing, and support the translation of baghdadite scaffolds as a new generation of bone graft substitutes with improved properties for the repair of large bone defects.
Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Treating Joint Injury and Osteoarthritis
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 14-02-2019
DOI: 10.3390/NANO9020261
Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale particles secreted by almost all cell types to facilitate intercellular communication. Stem cell-derived EVs theoretically have the same biological functions as stem cells, but offer the advantages of small size, low immunogenicity, and removal of issues such as low cell survival and unpredictable long-term behaviour associated with direct cell transplantation. They have been an area of intense interest in regenerative medicine, due to the potential to harness their anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative effects to induce healing in a wide variety of tissues. However, the potential of using stem cell-derived EVs for treating joint injury and osteoarthritis has not yet been extensively explored. The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, with or without prior joint injury, is not well understood, and there is a longstanding unmet clinical need to develop new treatments that provide a therapeutic effect in preventing or stopping joint degeneration, rather than merely relieving the symptoms of the disease. This review summarises the current evidence relating to stem cell-derived EVs in joint injury and osteoarthritis, providing a concise discussion of their characteristics, advantages, therapeutic effects, limitations and outlook in this exciting new area.
Recent advances in surface manipulation using micro-contact printing for biomedical applications
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Accelerated Aging Test Method of Lithium-Ion Batteries Featured with Aging Feature Reconstruction
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 26-07-2023
Cost Effectiveness of Pharmacological Management for Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-02-2022
Bottom‐up Synthesis of Water‐Soluble Gold Nanoparticles Stabilized by N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes: From Structural Characterization to Applications
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 10-08-2022
Abstract: N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become attractive ligands for functionalizing gold nanoparticle surfaces with applications ranging from catalysis to biomedicine. Despite their great potential, NHC stabilized gold colloids (NHC@AuNPs) are still scarcely explored and further efforts should be conducted to improve their design and functionalization. Here, the ‘bottom‐up’ synthesis of two water‐soluble gold nanoparticles ( AuNP‐1 and AuNP‐2 ) stabilized by hydrophilic mono‐ and bidentate NHC ligands is reported together with their characterization by various spectroscopic and analytical methods. The NPs showed key differences likely to be due to the selected NHC ligand systems. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed small quasi ‐spherical and faceted NHC@AuNPs of similar particle size (ca. 2.3–2.6 nm) and narrow particle size distribution, but the colloids featured different ratios of Au(I)/Au(0) by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the NHC@AuNPs were supported on titania and fully characterized. The new NPs were studied for their catalytic activity towards the reduction of nitrophenol substrates, the reduction of resazurin and for their photothermal efficiency. Initial results on their application in photothermal therapy (PTT) were obtained in human cancer cells in vitro. The aforementioned reactions represent important model reactions towards wastewater remediation, bioorthogonal transformations and cancer treatment.
A reformative shear precipitation procedure for the fabrication of vancomycin-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 09-01-2017
Abstract: This study reports the encapsulation of vancomycin, as a model hydrophilic drug, into poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres using a novel reformative shear precipitation procedure. In contrast to the external aqueous phase used in the conventional microencapsulation technique based on emulsion solvent evaporation/extraction, the reformative shear precipitation procedure explored in this study uses a shear medium composed of glycerol as the viscous medium and ethanol as polymer antisolvent, which is relatively immiscible with the hydrophilic drug. This limits drug diffusion and leads to rapid microsphere solidification, which allows a large proportion of the hydrophilic drug to be encapsulated within the microspheres. The influence of various processing parameters, including polymer concentration, volume ratio of ethanol to glycerol in the shear medium, volume of aqueous drug solution, initial drug loading, and injecting rate of the drug–polymer emulsion, on the encapsulation efficiency and characteristics of resulting microspheres were investigated. The morphology and release characteristics, as well as mechanical, in vitro and in vivo behaviour of vancomycin-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres prepared using the novel procedure were also investigated. The results demonstrated that the reformative shear precipitation procedure could achieve the loading of hydrophilic drugs into poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres with high encapsulation efficiency, and the success of the procedure was largely influenced by the volume ratio of ethanol to glycerol in the shear medium. Vancomycin-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres prepared using this procedure demonstrated favourable mechanical characteristics, antibacterial activity, and in vivo degradation behaviour which suggested their suitability for use as a sustained delivery system.
Outstanding Reviewers for Biomaterials Science in 2019.
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1039/D0BM90031A
Preference of Orthopedic Practitioners Toward the Use of Topical Medicine for Musculoskeletal Pain Management in China: A National Survey
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 26-08-2022
DOI: 10.1111/OS.13446
Abstract: Musculoskeletal pain is having growing impacts worldwide with clinical challenge in pain management. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the preferences of orthopedic surgeons of China for using medicine in musculoskeletal pain. A questionnaire was developed, including the following domains, personal information, medication preference for pain treatment, and perceptions of topical medicine. Ten participants were selected to confirm the consistency of questionnaire. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in orthopedic physicians with different specialties in different regions of China via the online survey platform. The participants' survey results were analyzed one‐way and multi‐way using chi‐square test and logistic regression. The pre‐survey analysis results of 10 randomly selected investigators were a mean weighted kappa coefficient of 0.76 (range 0.61–0.89), which indicated the substantial consistency of the present questionnaire. A total of 1099 orthopedic surgeons (mean age, 41.67 ± 8.31 years) responded to our survey, most of whom were male (90.72%), and most of whom worked in level III hospitals (63.24%) and trained in modern medicine (71.43%). Most surgeons who participated in the survey had used topical analgesics in their clinical work (95.81%), and most preferred to use topical analgesics (39.50%) or a combination of oral analgesics (28.87%). Primary reasons for preferring topical analgesics were as follows: less adverse reactions (68.01%) ease of use (60.90%) and not interfering with other oral medications (49.60%). The preference for prescribing topical analgesics increased with the education level of the respondent, where statistically significant differences were seen ( P 0.05). In addition, the level of the respondent's hospital, type of hospital, the respondent's profession, and their participation in surgical work influenced their preferences for topical analgesics ( P 0.05). Orthopedic surgeons across China have different medication preferences in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain. The educational background of the physician largely influences the preference when selecting medications. To better improve the treatment of musculoskeletal pain, there is a need to improve the overall medical education of practitioners and to disseminate clinical practice guidelines.
Efficacy of novel synthetic bone substitutes in the reconstruction of large segmental bone defects in sheep tibiae
Publisher: IOP Publishing
Date: 19-02-2016
DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/11/1/015016
Abstract: The treatment of large bone defects, particularly those with segmental bone loss, remains a significant clinical challenge as current approaches involving surgery or bone grafting often do not yield satisfactory long-term outcomes. This study reports the evaluation of novel ceramic scaffolds applied as bone graft substitutes in a clinically relevant in vivo model. Baghdadite scaffolds, unmodified or modified with a polycaprolactone coating containing bioactive glass nanoparticles, were implanted into critical-sized segmental bone defects in sheep tibiae for 26 weeks. Radiographic, biomechanical, μ-CT and histological analyses showed that both unmodified and modified baghdadite scaffolds were able to withstand physiological loads at the defect site, and induced substantial bone formation in the absence of supplementation with cells or growth factors. Notably, all s les showed significant bridging of the critical-sized defect (average 80%) with evidence of bone infiltration and remodelling within the scaffold implant. The unmodified and modified baghdadite scaffolds achieved similar outcomes of defect repair, although the latter may have an initial mechanical advantage due to the nanocomposite coating. The baghdadite scaffolds evaluated in this study hold potential for use as purely synthetic bone graft substitutes in the treatment of large bone defects while circumventing the drawbacks of autografts and allografts.
Constrained Condylar Prostheses for the Treatment of Charcot Arthropathy: A Case Report and Literature Review
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2023
DOI: 10.1111/OS.13686
Abstract: Neuroarthropathy of the knee or Charcot knee, leading to chronic joint destruction, is a rare disease that is difficult to diagnose. The treatment of this condition is difficult and controversial. A 74‐year‐old Asian woman has had bilateral knee pain for 22 years and deformity for 10 years, which has been aggravating for 2 months. Physical examination showed bilateral knee varus deformity greater than 15°, and −20 to 90° range of motion. X‐ray revealed bilateral varus deformity with massive free body hyperplasia. Combined with medical history as syringomyelia, the patient was diagnosed with bilateral Charcot knees and bilateral joint replacements were performed using Legacy Constrained Condylar Knee prostheses (LCCK Zimmer, USA). The patient reported satisfactory treatment outcomes, pain relief, and improved range of motion in both knees, without postoperative complications or prosthesis loosening at 2 year after operation. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may be considered a viable option for treating the Charcot knee. The use of constrained condylar prostheses can produce satisfactory results. Attention should be given to survival risks, complications, and other potential determining factors associated with TKA when devising a treatment strategy for the Charcot knee.
Global Cluster Analysis and Network Visualization in Musculoskeletal Pain Management: A Scientometric Mapping
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 21-11-2022
DOI: 10.1111/OS.13564
Abstract: Musculoskeletal pain is the most prominent clinical manifestation of more than 150 musculoskeletal disease conditions, and its effective long‐term management poses a great challenge to healthcare systems globally. For this, it is important to understand current research progress on musculoskeletal pain management. The purpose of the present study is to provide a comprehensive insight into the current state of research and global trends in musculoskeletal pain management. Publications on musculoskeletal pain management from 1972 to 2021 were retrieved from the Science Citation Index‐Expanded (SCIE) database. Included articles were any article type related to aspects of musculoskeletal pain management, including etiology, mechanisms, epidemiology, treatment, outcomes, side effects, and patient compliance. Publication data were analyzed using bibliometric methods. The software VOSviewer was employed to perform bibliographic coupling, co‐authorship, co‐citation, and co‐occurrence analysis, and to visualize publication tendencies in musculoskeletal pain management. A total of 5475 articles were included in this study. The number of global publications on musculoskeletal pain management has escalated annually. Based on the number of publications and citations from the published literature, as well as the H‐index, the United States led global contributions in this area. The institutions making the highest contributions were the League of European Research Universities (LERU) , the University of Sydney, and Harvard University. The journal BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders published the highest number of articles in this area. The published studies fall under six groups: “Prevention and rehabilitation,” “Etiology and diagnosis,” “Clinical study,” “Epidemiology,” “Mental health,” and “Education.” High‐quality primary studies and epidemiology are predicted to be the next prevailing topics in this field of research. Based on current global trends, the number of publications on musculoskeletal pain management will continue to increase. Future studies will likely place more emphasis on high‐quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and epidemiological studies.
Catastrophic Periprosthetic Osteolysis in Total Hip Arthroplasty at 20 Years: A Case Report and Literature Review
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-07-2022
DOI: 10.1111/OS.13322
Abstract: Periprosthetic osteolysis is a serious complication following total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, most orthopedic surgeons only focus on bone loss and hip reconstruction. Thus, it was required to understand the treatment algorithm for periprosthetic osteolysis integrally. A 52‐year‐old Asian male presented with chronic hip pain. A mass appeared on the medial side of the proximal left thigh at more than 20 years after bilateral THA. Radiographs revealed catastrophic periprosthetic osteolysis, especially on the acetabular side. Large amounts of necrotic tissue and bloody fluids were thoroughly debrided during revision THA. A modular hemipelvic prosthesis was used for revision of the left hip. Four years later, the patient presented with right hip pain, where a mass appeared on the medial side of the proximal right thigh. A primary acetabular implant with augment was used for revision of the right hip. Laboratory evaluation of bloody fluid retrieved from surgery revealed elevated levels of inflammatory markers. Inflammatory responses to polyethylene wear debris can lead to severe bone resorption and aseptic loosening in the long‐term following THA. Therefore, in spite of revision THA, interrupting the cascade inflammatory might be the treatment principle for periprosthetic osteolysis.
Understanding the effects of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for treating osteoarthritis using an in vitro co-culture model.
Publisher: European Cells and Materials
Date: 19-05-2023
DOI: 10.22203/ECM.V045A10
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of chronic pain and disability, for which there is no cure. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been used in clinical trials for treating OA due to their unique ability to generate paracrine anti-inflammatory and trophic signals. Interestingly, these studies have shown mainly short-term effects of MSCs in improving pain and joint function, rather than sustained and consistent benefits. This may reflect a change or loss in the therapeutic effects of MSCs after intra-articular injection. The present study aimed to unravel the reasons behind the variable efficacy of MSC injections for OA using an in vitro co-culture model. Osteoarthritic human synovial fibroblasts (OA-HSFs) were co-cultured with MSCs to investigate their reciprocal effects on cell responses and whether a short-term exposure of OA cells to MSCs was sufficient for reducing their diseased characteristics in a sustained manner. Gene expression and histological analyses were performed. OA-HSFs exposed to MSCs showed short-term downregulation of inflammatory markers. However, the MSCs showed upregulation of inflammatory markers and impaired ability to undergo osteogenesis and chondrogenesis in the presence of OA-HSFs. Moreover, short-term exposure of OA-HSFs to MSCs was found to be insufficient for inducing sustained changes to their diseased behaviour. These findings suggested that MSCs may not provide long-term effects in correcting the OA joint environment due to them adopting the diseased phenotype of the surrounding tissues, which has important implications for the future development of effective stem-cell-based OA treatments with long-term therapeutic efficacy.
Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering for the Treatment of Burn Wounds: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-02-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S12015-022-10341-Z
Abstract: Burn wounds are a devastating type of skin injury leading to severe impacts on both patients and the healthcare system. Current treatment methods are far from ideal, driving the need for tissue engineered solutions. Among various approaches, stem cell-based strategies are promising candidates for improving the treatment of burn wounds. A thorough search of the Embase, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted to retrieve original research studies on stem cell-based tissue engineering treatments tested in preclinical models of burn wounds, published between January 2009 and June 2021. Of the 347 articles retrieved from the initial database search, 33 were eligible for inclusion in this review. The majority of studies used murine models with a xenogeneic graft, while a few used the porcine model. Thermal burn was the most commonly induced injury type, followed by surgical wound, and less commonly radiation burn. Most studies applied stem cell treatment immediately post-burn, with final endpoints ranging from 7 to 90 days. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were the most common stem cell type used in the included studies. Stem cells from a variety of sources were used, most commonly from adipose tissue, bone marrow or umbilical cord, in conjunction with an extensive range of biomaterial scaffolds to treat the skin wounds. Overall, the studies showed favourable results of skin wound repair in animal models when stem cell-based tissue engineering treatments were applied, suggesting that such strategies hold promise as an improved therapy for burn wounds. Graphical abstract
Fe‐Doped Carbon Dots as NIR‐II Fluorescence Probe for In Vivo Gastric Imaging and pH Detection
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-01-2023
Abstract: Carbon dots (CDs) with excellent cytocompatibility, tunable optical properties, and simple synthesis routes are highly desirable for use in optical bioimaging. However, the majority of existing CDs are triggered by ultraviolet/blue light, presenting emissions in the visible/first near‐infrared (NIR‐I) regions, which do not allow deep tissue penetration. Emerging research into CDs with NIR‐II emission in the red region has generated limited designs with poor quantum yield, restricting their in vivo imaging applications due to low penetration depth. Developing novel CDs with NIR‐II emissions and high quantum yield has significant and far‐reaching applications in bioimaging and photodynamic therapy. Here, it is developed for the first time Fe‐doped CDs (Fe‐CDs) exhibiting the excellent linear relationship between 900–1200 nm fluorescence‐emission and pH values, and high quantum yield (QY‐1.27%), which can be used as effective probes for in vivo NIR‐II bioimaging. These findings demonstrate reliable imaging accuracy in tissue as deep as 4 mm, reflecting real‐time pH changes comparable to a standard pH electrode. As an important ex le application, the Fe‐CDs probe can non‐invasively monitor in vivo gastric pH changes during the digestion process in mice, illustrating its potential applications in aiding imaging‐guided diagnosis of gastric diseases or therapeutic delivery.
Global Cluster Analysis and Network Visualization in Prosthetic Joint Infection: A Scientometric Mapping
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-2023
DOI: 10.1111/OS.13681
Abstract: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the main reason of failure of total joint arthroplasty (TJA). This study aimed to investigate the global trends and network visualization in research of PJI. Publications in PJI search during 1980–2022 were extracted from the Science Citation Index‐Expanded of Web of Science Core Collection database (WoSCC). The source data was investigated and analyzed by bibliometric methodology. For network visualization, VOS viewer and R software was used to perform bibliographic coupling, co‐citation, co‐authorship and co‐occurrence analysis and to predict the publication trends in PJI research. There were 7288 articles included. The number of publications and relative research interests increased gradually per year globally. The USA made the highest contributions in the world and with the highest H‐index and the most citations. Journal of Arthroplasty published the highest number of articles in this area. The Mayo Clinic, Thomas Jefferson University (Rothman Institute), Hospital Special Surgery and the Rush University were the most contributive institutions by network visualization. Included studies were ided into four clusters: bacterial pathogenic mechanism and antibacterial drugs study, TJA complications, risk factors and epidemiology of PJI, diagnosis of PJI, and revision surgical management. More articles in PJI could be published over the next few years. The number of publications about PJI will be increasing dramatically based on the global trends and network visualization. The USA made the highest contributions in PJI. Diagnosis and revision management may be the next hot spots in this field.
Topical Diclofenac Solution for Osteoarthritis of the Knee: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 24-11-2020
DOI: 10.1155/2020/1758071
Abstract: This study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of a topical diclofenac solution in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for randomized controlled trials until June 2020. The WOMAC pain, stiffness, physical function subscales, pain on walking, and the occurrence of adverse events were pooled to comprehensively analyse the efficacy and safety of topical diclofenac solution. All statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.3 software. Five RCTs were included, which provided high-quality evidence. In comparison to the vehicle control, the mean differences for WOMAC pain, stiffness, and physical function subscales, as well as pain on walking, were all statistically significant in favor of topical diclofenac solution. The safety of topical diclofenac solution was similar to the vehicle control, apart from adverse events involving application-site skin reactions. Topical diclofenac solution is effective and safe for use in patients with knee OA, but may cause minor skin reactions.
A Novel Bone Substitute with High Bioactivity, Strength, and Porosity for Repairing Large and Load-Bearing Bone Defects
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-02-2019
Abstract: Achieving adequate healing in large or load-bearing bone defects is highly challenging even with surgical intervention. The clinical standard of repairing bone defects using autografts or allografts has many drawbacks. A bioactive ceramic scaffold, strontium-hardystonite-gahnite or "Sr-HT-Gahnite" (a multi-component, calcium silicate-based ceramic) is developed, which when 3D-printed combines high strength with outstanding bone regeneration ability. In this study, the performance of purely synthetic, 3D-printed Sr-HT-Gahnite scaffolds is assessed in repairing large and load-bearing bone defects. The scaffolds are implanted into critical-sized segmental defects in sheep tibia for 3 and 12 months, with bone autografts used for comparison. The scaffolds induce substantial bone formation and defect bridging after 12 months, as indicated by X-ray, micro-computed tomography, and histological and biomechanical analyses. Detailed analysis of the bone-scaffold interface using focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy and multiphoton microscopy shows scaffold degradation and maturation of the newly formed bone. In silico modeling of strain energy distribution in the scaffolds reveal the importance of surgical fixation and mechanical loading on long-term bone regeneration. The clinical application of 3D-printed Sr-HT-Gahnite scaffolds as a synthetic bone substitute can potentially improve the repair of challenging bone defects and overcome the limitations of bone graft transplantation.
Evaluation of Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Surgical Approaches for Total Hip Arthroplasty
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Date: 31-01-2023
DOI: 10.1001/JAMANETWORKOPEN.2022.53942
Abstract: Each approach for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) has a long learning curve, so a surgeon’s choice to change their preferred approach needs to be guided by clear justifications. However, current evidence does not suggest that any of the THA approaches are more beneficial than others, and the choice of approach is mainly based on the knowledge and experience of the surgeon and in idual patient characteristics. To assess the efficacy and safety associated with different surgical approaches for THA. A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases from inception to March 26, 2022 reference lists of eligible trials and related reviews. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing different surgical approaches, including the 2-incision approach, direct anterior approach (DAA), direct lateral approach (DLA), minimally invasive direct lateral approach (MIS-DLA), minimally invasive anterolateral approach (MIS-ALA), posterior approach (PA), minimally invasive posterior approach (MIS-PA), and supercapsular percutaneously assisted total hip arthroplasty (SuperPath), for primary THA. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, 2 reviewers independently extracted data on study participants, interventions, and outcomes as well as assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework. A frequentist framework was used to inform a series of random-effects network meta-analyses. The outcomes were hip score (range, 0-100, with higher scores indicating better overall hip condition), pain score (range, 0-100, with higher scores indicating more pain), hospitalization time, operation time, quality of life score, blood loss, cup abduction angle, and cup anteversion angle. Of 2130 retrieved studies, 63 RCTs including 4859 participants (median [IQR] age, 64.0 [60.3-66.5] years median [IQR] percentage male, 46.74% [38.64%-54.74%]) were eligible for analysis. Eight surgical approaches were evaluated. For hip score, DAA (mean difference [MD], 4.04 95% CI, 1.92 to 6.16 moderate certainty), MIS-ALA (MD, 3.00 95% CI, 0.43 to 5.59 moderate certainty), MIS-DLA (MD, 3.37 95% CI, 1.05 to 5.68 moderate certainty), MIS-PA (MD, 4.46 95% CI, 1.60 to 7.31 moderate certainty), PA (MD, 4.37 95% CI, 1.87 to 6.88 high certainty), and SuperPath (MD, 5.00 95% CI, 0.58 to 9.42 high certainty) were associated with greater improvement in hip score compared with DLA. DLA was associated with lower decrease in pain score than SuperPath (MD, 1.16 95% CI, 0.13 to 2.20 high certainty) and MIS-DLA (MD, 0.90 95% CI, 0.04 to 1.76 moderate certainty). PA was associated with shorter operation times compared with 2-incision (MD, −23.85 minutes 95% CI, −36.60 to −11.10 minutes high certainty), DAA (MD, −13.94 minutes 95% CI, −18.79 to −9.08 minutes moderate certainty), DLA (MD, −10.50 minutes 95% CI, −16.07 to −4.94 minutes high certainty), MIS-ALA (MD, −6.76 minutes 95% CI, −12.86 to −0.65 minutes moderate certainty), and SuperPath (MD, −13.91 minutes 95% CI, −21.87 to −5.95 minutes moderate certainty). The incidence of 6 types of complications did not differ significantly between the approaches. In this study, moderate to high certainty evidence indicated that compared with PA, all surgical approaches except DLA were associated with similar improvements of hip score but longer operation time. DLA was associated with smaller improvement of hip score. The safety of the different approaches did not show significant differences. These findings will help health professionals and patients with better clinical decision-making and also provide references for policy makers.
Scaffold-based regeneration of skeletal tissues to meet clinical challenges
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1039/C4TB01073F
Abstract: Scaffold-based tissue engineering strategies are being explored for the management and reconstruction of damaged or diseased skeletal tissues, the effective treatment of which has remained a significant global healthcare challenge.
Silk coating on a bioactive ceramic scaffold for bone regeneration: effective enhancement of mechanical and in vitro osteogenic properties towards load-bearing applications
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Date: 24-07-2015
DOI: 10.1002/TERM.2070
Abstract: Bioactive ceramic scaffolds represent competitive choices for clinical bone reconstruction, but their widespread use is restricted by inherent brittleness and weak mechanical performance under load. This study reports the development of strong and tough bioactive scaffolds suitable for use in load-bearing bone reconstruction. A strong and bioactive ceramic scaffold (strontium-hardystonite-gahnite) is combined with single and multiple coating layers of silk fibroin to enhance its toughness, producing composite scaffolds which match the mechanical properties of cancellous bone and show enhanced capacity to promote in vitro osteogenesis. Also reported for the first time is a comparison of the coating effects obtained when a polymeric material is coated on ceramic scaffolds with differing microstructures, namely the strontium-hardystonite-gahnite scaffold with high-density struts as opposed to a conventional ceramic scaffold, such as biphasic calcium phosphate, with low-density struts. The results show that silk coating on a unique ceramic scaffold can lead to simple and effective enhancement of its mechanical and biological properties to suit a wider range of applications in clinical bone reconstruction, and also establish the influence of ceramic microstructure on the effectiveness of silk coating as a method of reinforcement when applied to different types of ceramic bone graft substitutes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global Research Trends in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-03-2021
Osseointegrated Transtibial Implants in Patients with Peripheral Vascular Disease
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 20-09-2017
Abstract: Osseointegration is an alternative treatment for utees who are unable to wear or have difficulty wearing a socket prosthesis. Although the majority of limb utations are due to vascular disease, such utations have been perceived as a contraindication to osseointegration surgery. We report the outcomes of osseointegrated reconstruction in a series of 5 patients with limb utation due to peripheral vascular disease. Five patients with transtibial utation and a history of peripheral vascular disease who received an osseointegration implant from 2014 to 2015 were followed for 12 months. Clinical and functional outcomes were assessed, including pain, the amount of time the patient wore the prosthesis, mobility, walking ability, and quality of life. Adverse events, including infection, fracture, implant failure, revision surgery, additional utation, and death, were monitored and recorded. Five transtibial utees (56 to 84 years of age) followed for 1 year after osseointegration surgery were included in this case series. The mobility of all patients was improved at the time of follow-up. Three patients were wheelchair-bound prior to the surgery but all 5 were able to walk and perform daily activities at the time of follow-up. Four of the 5 patients were pain-free at 12 months postoperatively, and all 5 were using the osseointegrated prosthesis. Two patients had a single episode of superficial soft-tissue infection. An osseointegrated implant may be considered a feasible alternative to the conventional socket prosthesis for patients with peripheral vascular disease. Therapeutic Level IV . See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Self-assembly of gelatin microcarrier-based MSC microtissues for spinal cord injury repair
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
Preference of musculoskeletal pain treatment in middle-aged and elderly chinese people: a machine learning analysis of the China health and retirement longitudinal study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 29-06-2023
DOI: 10.1186/S12891-023-06665-7
Abstract: Musculoskeletal pain is a major cause of physical disability, associated with huge socioeconomic burden. Patient preference for treatment is an important factor contributing to the choice of treatment strategies. However, effective measurements for evaluating the ongoing management of musculoskeletal pain are lacking. To help improve clinical decision making, it’s important to estimate the current state of musculoskeletal pain management and analyze the contribution of patient treatment preference. A nationally representative s le for the Chinese population was derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Information on the patients’ demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, other health-related behavior, as well as history on musculoskeletal pain and treatment data were obtained. The data was used to estimate the status of musculoskeletal pain treatment in China in the year 2018. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to find the effect factors of treatment preference. XGBoost model and Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method were performed to analyze the contribution of each variable to different treatment preferences. Among 18,814 respondents, 10,346 respondents suffered from musculoskeletal pain. Approximately 50% of musculoskeletal pain patients preferred modern medicine, while about 20% chose traditional Chinese medicine and another 15% chose acupuncture or massage therapy. Differing preferences for musculoskeletal pain treatment was related to the respondents’ gender, age, place of residence, education level, insurance status, and health-related behavior such as smoking and drinking. Compared with upper or lower limb pain, neck pain and lower back pain were more likely to make respondents choose massage therapy (P 0.05). A greater number of pain sites was associated with an increasing preference for respondents to seek medical care for musculoskeletal pain (P 0.05), while different pain sites did not affect treatment preference. Factors including gender, age, socioeconomic status, and health-related behavior may have potential effects on people’ s choice of treatment for musculoskeletal pain. The information derived from this study may be useful for helping to inform clinical decisions for orthopedic surgeons when devising treatment strategies for musculoskeletal pain.
Preclinical studies and clinical trials on mesenchymal stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review on models and cell doses
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 04-03-2202
Abstract: To provide a systematic analysis of the study design in knee osteoarthritis (OA) preclinical studies, focusing on the characteristics of animal models and cell doses, and to compare these to the characteristics of clinical trials using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of knee OA. A systematic and comprehensive search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, and Embase electronic databases for research papers published in 2009‐2020 on testing MSC treatment in OA animal models. The PubMed database and ClinicalTrials.gov website were used to search for published studies reporting clinical trials of MSC therapy for knee OA. In total, 9234 articles and two additional records were retrieved, of which 120 studies comprising preclinical and clinical studies were included for analysis. Among the preclinical studies, rats were the most commonly used species for modeling knee OA, and anterior cruciate ligament transection was the most commonly used method for inducing OA. There was a correlation between the cell dose and body weight of the animal. In clinical trials, there was large variation in the dose of MSCs used to treat knee OA, ranging from 1 × 10 6 to 200 × 10 6 cells with an average of 37.91 × 10 6 cells. Mesenchymal stem cells have shown great potential in improving pain relief and tissue protection in both preclinical and clinical studies of knee OA. Further high‐quality preclinical and clinical studies are needed to explore the dose effectiveness relationship of MSC therapy and to translate the findings from preclinical studies to humans.
Failure modes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 16-01-2023
Animal Models for Treating Spinal Cord Injury Using Biomaterials-Based Tissue Engineering Strategies.
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 02-2022
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ARC Training Centre For Innovative BioEngineering
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End Date: 2023
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View Funded ActivityIndustrial Transformation Training Centres - Grant ID: IC170100022
Start Date: 03-2018
End Date: 06-2022
Amount: $4,420,408.00
Funder: Australian Research Council
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