ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2856-4962
Current Organisations
CSIRO
,
CSIRO Health and Biosecurity
Does something not look right? The information on this page has been harvested from data sources that may not be up to date. We continue to work with information providers to improve coverage and quality. To report an issue, use the Feedback Form.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.JAND.2014.10.022
Abstract: Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) may result in negative energy balance and weight loss through increased energy expenditure and lipid oxidation. However, results from human intervention studies investigating the weight reducing potential of MCTs, have been mixed. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of MCTs, specifically C8:0 and C10:0, to long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) on weight loss and body composition in adults. Changes in blood lipid levels were secondary outcomes. Randomized controlled trials >3 weeks' duration conducted in healthy adults were identified searching Web of Knowledge, Discover, PubMed, Scopus, New Zealand Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL until March 2014 with no language restriction. Identified trials were assessed for bias. Mean differences were pooled and analyzed using inverse variance models with fixed effects. Heterogeneity between studies was calculated using I(2) statistic. An I(2)>50% or P<0.10 indicated heterogeneity. Thirteen trials (n=749) were identified. Compared with LCTs, MCTs decreased body weight (-0.51 kg [95% CI-0.80 to -0.23 kg] P<0.001 I(2)=35%) waist circumference (-1.46 cm [95% CI -2.04 to -0.87 cm] P<0.001 I(2)=0%), hip circumference (-0.79 cm [95% CI -1.27 to -0.30 cm] P=0.002 I(2)=0%), total body fat (standard mean difference -0.39 [95% CI -0.57 to -0.22] P<0.001 I(2)=0%), total subcutaneous fat (standard mean difference -0.46 [95% CI -0.64 to -0.27] P<0.001 I(2)=20%), and visceral fat (standard mean difference -0.55 [95% CI -0.75 to -0.34] P<0.001 I(2)=0%). No differences were seen in blood lipid levels. Many trials lacked sufficient information for a complete quality assessment, and commercial bias was detected. Although heterogeneity was absent, study designs varied with regard to duration, dose, and control of energy intake. Replacement of LCTs with MCTs in the diet could potentially induce modest reductions in body weight and composition without adversely affecting lipid profiles. However, further research is required by independent research groups using large, well-designed studies to confirm the efficacy of MCT and to determine the dosage needed for the management of a healthy body weight and composition.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 06-2016
DOI: 10.3390/NU8060326
Publisher: MDPI
Date: 03-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSBMB.2018.10.017
Abstract: Irritability and hyperactivity are common in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Because pharmacological treatments may have adverse effects, and despite limited evidence, caregivers arents often use dietary supplements such as vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids to address these behavioural symptoms. As a secondary objective of the VIDOMA (Vitamin D and Omega-3 in ASD) trial, we evaluated the efficacy of vitamin D, omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid [omega-3 LCPUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)], or both on irritability and hyperactivity. New Zealand children with ASD (aged 2.5-8 years) participated in a 12-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D (2000 IU/day, VID), omega-3 LCPUFA (722 mg/day DHA, OM), or both (2000 IU/day vitamin D + 722 mg/day DHA, VIDOM). The primary outcomes were the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist (ABC) domains of irritability and hyperactivity. Biomarkers (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and omega-3 index) and primary outcomes were measured at baseline and 12-months. Out of 111 children who completed baseline data collection, 66% completed the study (VID = 19, OM = 23, VIDOM = 15, placebo = 16). After 12 months, children receiving OM (-5.0 ± 5.0, P = 0.001) and VID (-4.0±4.9, P = 0.01) had greater reduction in irritability than placebo (0.8±6.1). Compared to placebo, children on VID also had greater reduction in hyperactivity (-5.2±6.3 vs. -0.8±5.6, P = 0.047). Serum 25(OH)D concentration (nmol/L, mean±SD) increased by 27±14 in VID and by 36±17 in VIDOM groups (P < 0.0001), and omega-3 index (%, median (25th, 75th percentiles)) by 4.4 (3.3, 5.9) in OM and by 4.0 (2.0, 6.0) in VIDOM groups (P < 0.0001), indicating a good compliance rate. The results indicate that vitamin D and omega-3 LCPUFA reduced irritability symptoms in children with ASD. Vitamin D also reduced hyperactivity symptoms in these children.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.NUTRES.2014.01.005
Abstract: Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption is a key lifestyle modification in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Kiwifruit has previously been shown to have favorable effects on blood pressure (BP), likely through inhibiting angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity. We hypothesized that the replacement of 2 fruit servings in a healthy diet with 2 green kiwifruit a day would significantly improve BP and other markers of cardiovascular function, including heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance, in a group of hypercholesterolemic men. Using a controlled cross-over study design, 85 subjects completed a 4-week healthy diet run-in period before randomization to one of two 4-week intervention sequences in which they either consumed 2 green kiwifruit a day plus a healthy diet (intervention) or consumed a healthy diet alone (control). Blood pressure and other measures of cardiovascular function (using a Finometer MIDI [Finapres Medical Systems B.V, Amsterdam, The Netherlands] and standard oscillometric device) and anthropometric measurements were taken before and at the end of the treatment periods. A physical activity questionnaire was completed during the last visit. Subjects were found to be predominantly normotensive (43.5%) or prehypertensive (50.6%) and quite physically active (>30 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity/day in >80% subjects). No significant differences were seen for BP or any of the other markers, including heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance. In conclusion, in this hypercholesterolemic, nonhypertensive group, no beneficial effects on BP or other markers of cardiovascular function were seen when consuming 2 kiwifruit a day against the background of a healthy diet.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-03-2020
DOI: 10.3390/NU12030711
Abstract: Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids present in mammalian cell membranes, playing important structural and functional roles. Human studies on the health benefits of gangliosides are increasing, but knowledge gaps regarding ganglioside analysis exist. The study aimed to investigate blood s le type (serum lasma), storage conditions, diurnal, day-to-day variation and acute effects of consuming bovine-derived gangliosides on circulating monosialylated gangliosides. Seventy-one women (18–40 yrs, 20–≤30.0 kg/m2) were enrolled and 61 completed the intervention. They visited the clinic three times following overnight fasting. Serum lasma gangliosides were analyzed over 2 h (visit-1), 8 h (visit-2) and 8 h following either zero or high ganglioside meals (visit-3). S les stored at −20 °C and −70 °C were analyzed at 3-, 6-, 12- and 18-months. Plasma and serum GM3-gangliosides did not differ, plasma GM3 did not change diurnally, from day-to-day, in response to a high vs. low ganglioside meal or after 7-days low ganglioside vs. habitual diet (P 0.05). GM3 concentrations were lower in s les stored at −70 °C vs. −20 °C from 6-months onwards and decreased over time with lowest levels at 12- and 18-months stored at −70 °C. In conclusion, either serum lasma stored at −20- or −70 °C for up to 6 months, are acceptable for GM3-ganglioside analysis. Blood s les can be collected at any time of the day and participants do not have to be in the fasted state.
Publisher: European Respiratory Society (ERS)
Date: 21-12-2018
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATHEROSCLEROSIS.2016.10.027
Abstract: In vitro, ex vivo and animal studies suggest palm-based tocotrienols and carotenes enhance vascular function, but limited data in humans exists. The aim was to examine the effects of palm-tocotrienols (TRF- 80) and palm-carotene (CC-60) supplementation on vascular function and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adults at increased risk of impaired vascular function. Ninety men and women (18-70 yr, 20-45 kg/m Plasma α- and β-carotene and α-, δ- and γ-tocotrienol concentrations increased in CC-60 and TRF-80 groups, respectively, compared to placebo (mean ± SE difference in total plasma carotene change between CC-60 and placebo: 1.5 ± 0.13 μg/ml, p < 0.0001 total plasma tocotrienol change between TRF-80 and placebo: 0.36 ± 0.05 μg/ml, p < 0.0001). Neither FMD (treatment x time effect for CC-60 vs. placebo, p = 0.71 TRF-80 vs. placebo, p = 0.80) nor any other vascular function and CVD outcomes were affected by treatments. CC-60 and TRF-80 supplementation increased bioavailability of palm-based carotenes and tocotrienols but had no effects, superior or detrimental, on vascular function or CVD risk factors.
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 23-06-2016
DOI: 10.3390/NU8070386
Publisher: No publisher found
Date: 2019
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-05-2019
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 22-03-2018
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2018.1444728
Abstract: The management of psoriasis remains a challenge for dermatologist and patient. This study aimed to determine whether vitamin D In a randomized, doubled-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 101 participants ≥18 years with psoriasis were grouped by severity and allocated to 100,000 International Units (IU) vitamin D PASI did not differ between groups at any time (group F(1, 104) = 0.48, p = .49 group*time F(4, 384) = 0.26, p = .90). However, 25(OH)D increased in both groups, rendering these findings inconclusive. A significant inverse relationship existed between PASI and 25(OH)D, with elevation of 25(OH)D by up to 125 nmol/L associated with mild decreases in PASI (estimated range of decrease 0-2.6 p = .002). A direct benefit of vitamin D
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 19-02-2017
DOI: 10.3390/NU9020155
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-01-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S00394-021-02795-7
Abstract: To evaluate bioavailability of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) from foods enriched with novel vegetable-based encapsulated algal oil across Australian and Singaporean populations. 27 men ( n = 12 Australian European n = 15 Singaporean Chinese), 21–50 yr 18–27.5 kg/m 2 , with low habitual intake of omega-3 LCPUFA completed a multicentre randomised controlled acute 3-way cross-over single-blind trial. They consumed, in random order 1-week apart after an overnight fast, standard breakfast meals including 400 mg docosahexanoic acid (DHA) from either extruded rice snacks or soup both containing cauliflower-encapsulated HiDHA ® algal oil or gel capsules containing HiDHA ® algal oil. Blood s les for analysis of plasma DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were taken pre-meal and after 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h. Primary analyses comparing 24-h incremental area under the plasma DHA, EPA and DHA + EPA concentration (µg/ml) curves (iAUC 0-24 h ) between test foods were performed using linear mixed models by including ethnicity as an interaction term. Plasma iAUC 0-24 h did not differ significantly between test foods (adjusted mean [95% CI] plasma DHA + EPA: extruded rice snack, 8391 [5550, 11233] µg/mL*hour soup, 8862 [6021, 11704] µg/mL*hour capsules, 11,068 [8226, 13910] µg/mL*hour, P = 0.31) and did not differ significantly between Australian European and Singaporean Chinese (treatment*ethnicity interaction, P = 0.43). The vegetable-based omega-3 LCPUFA delivery system did not affect bioavailability of omega-3 LCPUFA in healthy young Australian and Singaporean men as assessed after a single meal over 24 h, nor was bioavailability affected by ethnicity. This novel delivery system may be an effective way to fortify foods/beverages with omega-3 LCPUFA. The trial was registered with clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04610983), date of registration, 22 November 2020.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
DOI: 10.1016/J.CLNESP.2018.12.088
Abstract: Almonds are a rich source of bioactive components. This study examined the effects of daily almond consumption on glycaemic regulation, liver fat concentration and function, adiposity, systemic inflammation and cardiometabolic health. 76 adults with elevated risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) or T2D (age: 60.7 ± 7.7 years, body mass index: 33.8 ± 5.6 kg/m No group differential effects were observed on HbA1c, GV, body weight and composition, liver fat and aminotransferases, cardio-metabolic health and inflammatory markers (all P > 0.05). For serum TC/HDL-C ratio a significant gender × treatment × time interaction occurred (P < 0.01), such that in women TC/HDL-C ratio was significantly reduced after AS compared to BS (-0.36 [0.26] mmol/L [n = 14] vs. -0.14 [0.32] mmol/L [n = 17] P = 0.05), but not in men (P = 0.52). Compared to BS, AS consumed between meals did not substantially alter glycaemic regulation, liver fat or function, adiposity, and metabolic health and inflammatory markers. Serum TC/HDL-C ratio improved in women, but not in men with AS but as this sub-analysis was not defined a priori the results should be interpreted with caution. Further research should examine the longer-term health effects of regular almond consumption and differential gender responses. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN12616000571471 (www.anzctr.org.au).
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-04-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-12-2015
Abstract: Middle Eastern female immigrants are at an increased risk of vitamin D deficiency and their response to prescribed vitamin D dosages may not be adequate and affected by other factors. The objectives were to determine vitamin D deficiency and its determinants in Middle Eastern women living in Auckland, New Zealand (Part-I), and to determine serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (serum-25(OH)D) response to two prescribed vitamin D dosages (Part-II) in this population. Women aged ⩾20 (n=43) participated in a cross-sectional pilot study during winter (Part-I). In Part-II, women aged 20-50 years (n=62) participated in a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial consuming monthly either 50,000, 100,000 IU vitamin D3 or placebo for 6 months (winter to summer). All women in Part-I and 60% women in Part-II had serum-25(OH)D<50 nmol/l. Serum-25(OH)D was higher in prescribed vitamin D users than nonusers (P=0.001) and in Iranians than Arab women (P=0.001 Part-I). Mean (s.d.) serum-25(OH)D increased in all groups (time effect, P<0.001) and differed between groups (time × dosage interaction, P<0.001 50,000 IU: from 44.0±16.0 to 70.0±15.0 nmol/l 100,000 IU: 48.0±11.0 to 82.0±17.0 nmol/l placebo: 45.0±18.0 to 54.0±18.0 nmol/l). Only 32% and 67% achieved serum-25(OH)D⩾75 nmol/l with 50,000 and 100,000 IU/month, respectively. Predictors of 6-month change in serum-25(OH)D were dose (B-coefficient±s.e. 14.1±2.4, P<0.001), baseline serum-25(OH)D (-0.6±0.1, P<0.001) and body fat percentage (-0.7±0.3, P=0.01). Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is highly prevalent in this population. Monthly 100,000 IU vitamin D for 6 months is more effective than 50,000 IU in achieving serum-25(OH)D ⩾75 nmol/l however, a third of women still did not achieve these levels.
Publisher: MDPI
Date: 17-12-2019
Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Date: 02-2022
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-03-2015
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 08-11-2020
DOI: 10.3390/NU12113425
Abstract: Dietary patterns analyse combinations of foods eaten. This cross-sectional study identified dietary patterns and their nutrients. Associations between dietary patterns and socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were examined in older New Zealand adults. Dietary data (109-item food frequency questionnaire) from the Researching Eating, Activity and Cognitive Health (REACH) study (n = 367, 36% male, mean age = 70 years) were collapsed into 57 food groups. Using principal component analysis, three dietary patterns explained 18% of the variation in diet. Dietary pattern associations with sex, age, employment, living situation, education, deprivation score, physical activity, alcohol, and smoking, along with energy-adjusted nutrient intakes, were investigated using regression analysis. Higher ‘Mediterranean’ dietary pattern scores were associated with being female, higher physical activity, and higher education (p 0.001, R2 = 0.07). Higher ‘Western’ pattern scores were associated with being male, higher alcohol intake, living with others, and secondary education (p 0.001, R2 = 0.16). Higher ‘prudent’ pattern scores were associated with higher physical activity and lower alcohol intake (p 0.001, R2 = 0.15). There were positive associations between beta-carotene equivalents, vitamin E, and folate and ‘Mediterranean’ dietary pattern scores (p 0.0001, R2 ≥ 0.26) energy intake and ‘Western’ scores (p 0.0001, R2 = 0.43) and fibre and carbohydrate and ‘prudent’ scores (p 0.0001, R2 ≥ 0.25). Socio-demographic and lifestyle factors were associated with dietary patterns. Understanding relationships between these characteristics and dietary patterns can assist in health promotion.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 27-07-2016
DOI: 10.1111/MCN.12340
Publisher: MDPI
Date: 10-05-2022
Publisher: MDPI
Date: 21-02-2020
Publisher: Functional Food Center
Date: 30-12-2016
Abstract: Background: For many decades, Australia has required a Nutrient Information Panel to be included on food packaging, usually on the back of products. Recently, two regulated, voluntary systems were introduced for use on food packaging in Australia: the Health Star Rating system and nutrient content and health claims. Nonetheless, the scope and potential for these new initiatives to achieve their purpose is partly depdendant on their perception by consumers. This report describes the results of a population based survey of South Australian adults about how various elements of food labels are used to inform their purchase decisions. Methods: A survey was conducted using a random stratified s ling technique in people aged 15 years and older in the Australian state of South Australia. All surveys were administered face-to-face to 3005 people between September 2015 and December 2015. Data was weighted by the inverse of the in idual’s probability of selection, as well as the response rate in metropolitan and country regions and then reweighted to benchmarks from the June 2014 Estimated Resident Population calculated by the Australian Bureau of Statistics. Results: The response rate for the survey was 57.3%. Most respondents to the survey rated their own dietary intake as ‘healthy’ (61.5%) or ‘extremely healthy’ (9.1%). Aside from price, country of origin was nominated as the most important information on the food label of a food bought for the first time (by 35.0%), followed by the ingredient list (21.6%) and claims about nutrition (20.9%). The response to this question was markedly different by age group, with almost half (48.3%) of those aged 55 years or over considering that country of origin was the most important information to look for. For the youngest age group (15-34 yrs), 28.4% considered the ingredient list was the most important information, 26.5% considered claims about nutrition to be most important, and 22.2% considered country of origin to be the most important information on the food label. The Nutrition Information Panel was used to guide the purchase decision for a new breakfast cereal by more than half of respondents (50.8%), while a statement on the front of the pack about how the food effects health was used to guide the purchase decision of only 8.9%. While only 22.1% disagreed (16.4% disagreed somewhat, 5.7% disagreed completely) with the statement that ‘the Nutrient Information Panel on food packaging is a trustworthy source of information,’ almost double the amount of subjects at 44.0% disagreed (36.1% disagreed somewhat, 17.9% disagreed completely) that ‘statements about health on food packaging are a trustworthy source of information.’ Conclusion: For South Australian adults, statements about health benefits of food on food packaging are viewed with much greater suspicion than the nutrient information panel. Attitudes towards food packaging varied more by age group than by sex of the respondent. For an unfamiliar food, country of origin is considered the most important information on food packaging by more than a third of adults. Keywords: Food packaging, Nutrition label, Front of Pack, Health Star, South Australia
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-02-2020
DOI: 10.3390/NU12030661
Abstract: Background: The role of vitamin D and omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LCPUFA) in improving core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children has been investigated by a few randomised controlled trials and the results are mixed and inconclusive. The response to treatment with these nutrients is heterogenous and may be influenced by inflammatory state. As an exploratory analysis, we investigated whether inflammatory state would modulate the effect of these nutrients on core symptoms of ASD. Methods: Seventy-three New Zealand children with ASD (2.5–8.0 years) completed a 12-month randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin D (VID, 2000 IU/day), omega-3 LCPUFA (OM, 722 mg/day docosahexaenoic acid), or both (VIDOM). Non-fasting baseline plasma interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was available for 67 children (VID = 15, OM = 21, VIDOM = 15, placebo = 16). Children were categorised as having undetectable/normal IL-1β ( .2 pg/ml, n = 15) or elevated IL-1β (≥3.2 pg/mL, n = 52). The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) questionnaire was used to assess core symptoms of ASD (baseline, 12-month). Mixed model repeated measure analyses (including all children or only children with elevated IL-1β) were used. Results: We found evidence for an interaction between baseline IL-1β and treatment response for SRS-total, SRS-social communicative functioning, SRS-awareness and SRS-communication (all Pinteraction 0.10). When all children were included in the analysis, two outcome comparisons (treatments vs. placebo) showed greater improvements: VID, no effect (all P 0.10) OM and VIDOM (P = 0.01) for SRS-awareness. When only children with elevated IL-1β were included, five outcomes showed greater improvements: OM (P = 0.01) for SRS-total OM (P = 0.03) for SRS-social communicative functioning VID (P = 0.01), OM (P = 0.003) and VIDOM (P = 0.01) for SRS-awareness. Conclusion: Inflammatory state may have modulated responses to vitamin D and omega-3 LCPUFA intervention in children with ASD, suggesting children with elevated inflammation may benefit more from daily vitamin D and omega-3 LCPUFA supplementation.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2023
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 24-11-2021
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521004682
Abstract: The metabolic syndrome is common in older adults and may be modified by the diet. The aim of this study was to examine associations between a posteriori dietary patterns and the metabolic syndrome in an older New Zealand population. The REACH study (Researching Eating, Activity, and Cognitive Health) included 366 participants (aged 65–74 years, 36 % male) living independently in Auckland, New Zealand. Dietary data were collected using a 109-item FFQ with demonstrated validity and reproducibility for assessing dietary patterns using principal component analysis. The metabolic syndrome was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. Associations between dietary patterns and the metabolic syndrome, adjusted for age, sex, index of multiple deprivation, physical activity, and energy intake were analysed using logistic regression analysis. Three dietary patterns explained 18 % of dietary intake variation – ‘Mediterranean style’ (salad/leafy cruciferous/other vegetables, avocados/olives, alliums, nuts/seeds, shellfish and white/oily fish, berries), ‘prudent’ (dried/fresh/frozen legumes, soya-based foods, whole grains and carrots) and ‘Western’ (processed meat/fish, sauces/condiments, cakes/biscuits uddings and meat pies/hot chips). No associations were seen between ‘Mediterranean style’ (OR = 0·75 (95 % CI 0·53, 1·06), P = 0·11) or ‘prudent’ (OR = 1·17 (95 % CI 0·83, 1·59), P = 0·35) patterns and the metabolic syndrome after co-variate adjustment. The ‘Western’ pattern was positively associated with the metabolic syndrome (OR = 1·67 (95 % CI 1·08, 2·63), P = 0·02). There was also a small association between an index of multiple deprivation (OR = 1·04 (95 % CI 1·02, 1·06), P 0·001) and the metabolic syndrome. This cross-sectional study provides further support for a Western dietary pattern being a risk factor for the metabolic syndrome in an older population.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-06-2020
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.ATHEROSCLEROSIS.2015.01.009
Abstract: This study assessed the postprandial effects of high fat, high protein meals containing either palmolein or olive oil on endothelial function in overweight/obese men. 28 men (32-65 yr 25-35 kg/m(2)) consumed, in random order 1 wk apart, isocaloric high protein, high fat meals (2791 kJ, 40 g protein (∼3 g l-arginine), 44 g fat, 21 g carbohydrate) prepared with either 40 g palmolein or 40 g olive oil after an overnight fast. The SFA:MUFA:PUFA ratio of the oils were: palmolein, 42:47:12 olive oil, 17:76:7. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), circulating endothelial function markers, nitrotyrosine (oxidative stress marker), triglycerides, glucose and insulin were assessed pre-meal and hourly for 5 h. Mixed model procedures were used to analyze the data. Meal consumption increased serum triglycerides (time effect, P < 0.001) with no meal differences (meal × time interaction, P = 0.93). Serum insulin peaked 1 h post-consumption and returned to pre-meal concentrations by 5 h with both meals (time effect, P 0.4). Olive oil transiently increased plasma nitrotyrosine after 1 h compared to palmolein (meal × time interaction, P = 0.002) whereas both meals increased serum vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) after 1 h (time effect, P < 0.001 meal × time interaction, P = 0.98). Both nitrotyrosine and VCAM-1 returned to pre-meal concentrations after 2 h. In the context of a high protein meal, palmolein similarly to olive oil did not affect postprandial endothelial function in overweight/obese men. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) (www.anzctr.org.au/default.aspx). Trial ID: ACTRN12613000136707.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2021
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2022
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
DOI: 10.1093/AJCN/NQAC125
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 07-2016
DOI: 10.3390/NU8070394
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-03-2016
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-01-2022
DOI: 10.1007/S00394-021-02775-X
Abstract: The global population is ageing. Evidence show dietary patterns may be associated with cognitive status in older adults. This cross-sectional study investigated associations between dietary patterns and cognitive function in older adults in New Zealand. The REACH study (Researching Eating, Activity, and Cognitive Health) included 371 participants (65-74 years, 36% male) living independently in Auckland, New Zealand. Valid and reproducible dietary patterns were derived, using principal component analysis, from dietary data collected by a 109-item validated food frequency questionnaire. Six cognitive domains (global cognition, attention and vigilance, executive function, episodic memory, working memory, and spatial memory) were tested using COMPASS (Computerised Mental Performance Assessment System). Associations between dietary patterns and cognitive scores, adjusted for age, sex, education, physical activity, energy, and Apolipoprotein E-ε4 status were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis. Three dietary patterns explained 18% of dietary intake variation-'Mediterranean style' (comprising: salad vegetables, leafy cruciferous vegetables, other vegetables, avocados and olives, alliums, nuts and seeds, white fish and shellfish, oily fish, and berries) 'Western' (comprising: processed meats, sauces and condiments, cakes, biscuits and puddings, meat pies and chips, and processed fish) and 'Prudent' (comprising: dried legumes, soy-based foods, fresh and frozen legumes, whole grains, and carrots). No associations between any cognitive domain and dietary pattern scores were observed. Global cognitive function was associated with being younger and having a university education. In this cohort of community-dwelling, older adults in New Zealand, current dietary patterns were not associated with cognitive function.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-01-2019
DOI: 10.1007/S10803-018-3860-Y
Abstract: We evaluated the efficacy of vitamin D (VID), omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LCPUFA, OM), or both (VIDOM) on core symptoms of ASD. New Zealand children with ASD (n = 73 aged 2.5-8.0 years) received daily 2000 IU vitamin D
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2017
DOI: 10.1159/000480486
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 22-07-2014
DOI: 10.3390/NU6072730
Publisher: MDPI
Date: 29-01-2021
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 18-07-2012
DOI: 10.3390/NU11071643
Abstract: The combinations of food consumed together (dietary patterns) may have a greater influence on health than nutrients or food groups consumed independently. This study investigated the relationship between dietary patterns, body composition and metabolic biomarkers of premenopausal New Zealand women from three ethnic groups. In total, 408 New Zealand European, Māori and Pacific women aged 16–45 years participated in the Women’s EXPLORE (EXamining Predictors Linking Obesity Related Elements) study. Participants completed a 220-item food frequency questionnaire. Several body composition parameters and metabolic biomarkers were measured. Dietary patterns were extracted by principal component analysis and dietary pattern scores were categorised into tertiles to assess links with other measured parameters. Women with higher scores for the ‘refined and processed’ pattern were younger, had higher body mass index, total body fat, plasma leptin and plasma insulin (p 0.001), and lower plasma ghrelin levels (p 0.05) than women with lower scores. In addition, more Māori (51%) and Pacific (68%) women followed the ‘refined and processed’ pattern, while more New Zealand European women (40%) followed the ‘sweet and savoury snacking’ pattern. These data show that dietary pattern analysis is a useful tool to assess links between diet and metabolic health. It further reveals interesting ethnic group-specific differences in dietary pattern use.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 23-06-2016
Location: Australia
No related grants have been discovered for Welma Stonehouse.