ORCID Profile
0009-0002-0993-9906
Current Organisation
Bond University
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Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 31-01-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.BONE.2014.11.015
Abstract: Growth is the opportune time to modify bone accrual. While bone adaptation is known to be dependent on local loading and consequent deformations (strain) of bone, little is known about the effects of sex, and bone-specific physical activity on location-specific cross-sectional bone geometry during growth. To provide more insight we examined bone traits at different locations around tibial cross sections, and along the tibia between in iduals who vary in terms of physical activity exposure, sex, and pubertal status. Data from 304 in iduals aged 5-29 years (172 males, 132 females) were examined. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) was applied at 4%, 14%, 38%, and 66% of tibial length. Maturity was established by estimating age at peak height velocity (APHV). Loading history was quantified with the bone-specific physical activity questionnaire (BPAQ). Comparisons, adjusted for height, weight and age were made between sex, maturity, and BPAQ tertile groups. Few to no differences were observed between sexes or BPAQ tertiles prior to APHV, whereas marked sexual dimorphism and differences between BPAQ tertiles were observed after APHV. Cross-sectional location-specific differences between BPAQ tertiles were not evident prior to APHV, whereas clear location-specificity was observed after APHV. In conclusion, the skeletal benefits of physical activity are location-specific in the tibia. The present results indicate that the peri- or post-pubertal period is likely a more favourable window of opportunity for enhancing cross-sectional bone geometry than pre-puberty. Increased loading during the peri-pubertal period may enhance the bone of both sexes.
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 02-2015
Abstract: Our goal was to test the effect of a brief, novel bone- and fat-targeted exercise program on bone, muscle, and fat in healthy pre and peripubertal boys. We conducted a 10-min, 3/wk capoeira and jumping exercise intervention for 9 months with year 5 and 6 school boys. Anthropometrics, maturity, heart rate, blood pressure, maximal vertical jump, aerobic capacity and calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation and stiffness index (BUA and SI Achilles, GE) were assessed. Bone, lean and fat tissue (DXA XR800, Norland), and parameters of bone geometry (pQCT, XCT3000, Stratec) were measured from a subs le of 36 boys. Of 188 boys (10.6 ± 0.5 yr) who consented, 172 completed all testing 104 exercisers (EX) and 68 controls (CON). 30 EX and 6 CON participants underwent DXA and pQCT measures. EX improved BUA (+4.3% vs. +2.1%, p = .035), waist circumference (+2.8% vs. +6.2%, p = .001), heart rate (-5.3% vs. +1.5%, p = .005), maximal vertical jump (+12.2% vs. −0.3%, p = .001) and estimated maximal oxygen consumption (+9.1% vs. +1.2%, p = .001) compared with CON. Three 10-min sessions of capoeira and jumping per week improved calcaneal bone and metabolic health of pre and peripubertal boys over the course of a school year with little disruption to the academic schedule.
Publisher: British Editorial Society of Bone & Joint Surgery
Date: 11-2016
DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.511.BJR-2016-0116.R1
Abstract: The aim of the current study was to assess whether calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) can predict whole body and regional dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived bone mass in healthy, Australian children and adolescents at different stages of maturity. A total of 389 boys and girls across a wide age range (four to 18 years) volunteered to participate. The estimated age of peak height velocity (APHV) was used to classify children into pre-, peri-, and post-APHV groups. BUA was measured at the non-dominant heel with quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS) (Lunar Achilles Insight, GE), while bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were examined at the femoral neck, lumbar spine and whole body (DXA, XR-800, Norland). Associations between BUA and DXA-derived measures were examined with Pearson correlations and linear regression. Participants were additionally ranked in quartiles for QUS and DXA measures in order to determine agreement in rankings. For the whole s le, BUA predicted 29% of the study population variance in whole body BMC and BMD, 23% to 24% of the study population variance in lumbar spine BMC and BMD, and 21% to 24% of the variance in femoral neck BMC and BMD (p 0.001). BUA predictions were strongest for the most mature participants (pre-APHV R 2 = 0.03 to 0.19 peri-APHV R 2 = 0.05 to 0.17 post-APHV R 2 = 0.18 to 0.28) and marginally stronger for girls (R 2 = 0.25-0.32, p 0.001) than for boys (R 2 = 0.21-0.27, p 0.001). Agreement in quartile rankings between QUS and DXA measures of bone mass was generally poor (27.3% to 38.2%). Calcaneal BUA has a weak to moderate relationship with DXA measurements of bone mass in children, and has a tendency to misclassify children on the basis of quartile rankings. Cite this article: B. K. Weeks, R. Hirsch, R. C. Nogueira, B. R. Beck. Is calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation a valid index of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-derived bone mass in children? Bone Joint Res 2016 :538–543. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.511.BJR-2016-0116.R1.
Publisher: Human Kinetics
Date: 11-2017
Abstract: Purpose: To determine the 12-month maintenance of a 9-month, thrice-weekly, 10-minute high-intensity exercise program, delivered in schools, on bone and other health-related performance variables in prepubertal children. Methods: All participants ( N = 311) of the CAPO kids trial (testing times T1–T2) were contacted to undergo retesting (T3) of all original measures—including weight, standing and sitting height, calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (Achilles, GE), and stiffness index (Achilles, GE)—waist circumference, resting heart rate, blood pressure, vertical jump, and aerobic capacity. Maturity was determined by estimating age of peak height velocity using sex-specific regression equations. Results: A total of 240 children [12.3 (0.6) y old] were included in the current study (77% of initial follow-up s le at T2). Between the T2 and T3 time points, both exercise (EX) group and control (CON) group increased broadband ultrasound attenuation (EX: 5.6%, P ≤ .001 CON: 6.5%, P ≤ .001), stiffness index (EX: 7.3%, P ≤ .001 CON: 5.2%, P ≤ .001), vertical jump (EX: 5.9%, P ≤ .001 CON: 6.3%, P ≤ .001), estimated maximal oxygen consumption (EX: 13.3%, P ≤ .001 CON: 12.1%, P ≤ .001), and reduced waist circumference (EX: −5.2%, P ≤ .001 CON: −5.6%, P ≤ .001), with no between-group differences in the magnitude of those changes. No differences were detected in absolute values between groups at T3. Conclusion: Although the statistically significant differences observed between groups following the intervention were no longer significant 1 year after withdrawal of the intervention, the between-group similarities in growth trajectories of those parameters could suggest that some benefit of the intervention for bone health, waist circumference, and physical performance endured.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
DOI: 10.1016/J.BONE.2016.09.015
Abstract: Skeletal robustness (cross-section size relative to length) is associated with stress fractures in adults, and appears to explain the high incidence of distal radius fractures in adolescents. However, little is known about the ontogeny of long bone robustness during the first three decades of life. Therefore, we explored the ontogeny of tibial, fibular, ulnar and radial robustness in a cross-sectional s le of 5 to 29year-old volunteers of both sexes. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) was used to evaluate cross-sections of the leg (4%, 14%, 38% and 66%), and forearm (4%, and 66%) in N=432 in iduals. Robustness was evaluated as the total bone area ided by bone length. Differences between age-groups, sexes, and age-group×sex interactions were evaluated with ANOVA with Tukey's post hocs where appropriate. Most bone sites exhibited more robust bones in men than women (P<0.001 to 0.02), and in older age-groups than younger (P<0.001). Sex×age-group interaction was observed at the 66% and 38% tibia sites with robustness increasing more with age in men than in women (P=0.006 to 0.042). Post-hoc analyses indicated no sex differences prior to 13years-of-age, and notable exceptions to increasing robustness with age at the 4% radial and 66% tibial sites, which exhibited reduced robustness in age groups close to peak height velocity. In conclusion, the present results suggest that very little sexual dimorphism in long bone robustness exists prior to puberty, and that ergence occurs primarily after cessation of longitudinal growth. A period of relative diaphyseal slenderness was identified at age-groups coinciding with the adolescent growth spurt, which may be related to the relatively high incidence of frank and stress fracture in adolescents.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-2014
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 11-04-2023
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2014
DOI: 10.1016/J.BONE.2014.08.006
Abstract: The CAPO Kids trial was a 9-mo, controlled, school-based intervention to examine the effects of a novel, brief, high intensity exercise regime on indices of musculoskeletal and metabolic health in pre- and early-pubertal girls. A total of 151 pre- and early-pubertal girls (10.6±0.6years), recruited from two different schools consented to participate 76 in the exercise group (EX) and 75 in the control group (CON). EX performed 10min bouts of thrice-weekly jumping plus capoeira (a Brazilian sport that combines martial art with dance), along with usual physical education (PE) activities. CON continued usual PE alone. Maturity, weight, height, waist circumference, resting heart rate and blood pressure, maximal vertical jump, and aerobic capacity were determined using standard clinical and field measures. Calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and stiffness index (SI) were determined from quantitative ultrasonometry. A subs le of children also underwent DXA and pQCT measures. Prior physical activity participation and daily calcium consumption were determined from validated instruments. EX girls improved BUA more than CON (+4.5% vs. +1.4%, p=0.019). Resting heart rate (-7.2% vs. -1.8%, p<0.01), maximal vertical jump (+13.4% vs. -1.2%, p<0.001), estimated maximal oxygen consumption (+10.6% vs. +1.0%, p<0.001), and waist circumference (+2.7% vs. +5.6%, p<0.001) also improved more for EX than CON. Ten minutes of high intensity exercise (capoeira and jumping) three times a week in the primary school setting enhances musculoskeletal and metabolic outcomes in pre- and early-pubertal girls without disrupting the academic schedule. The programme, amenable to broad-scale school implementation, would confer meaningful public health benefits.
No related grants have been discovered for Rossana Nogueira.