ORCID Profile
0000-0002-2041-816X
Current Organisation
Shiraz University
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Publisher: Brill
Date: 2014
DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00002815
Abstract: Sixteen species, Amplimerlinius globigerus , A. macrurus , Bitylenchus parvus , Merlinius brevidens , M. nanus , Neodolichorhynchus phaseoli , Paramerlinius neohexagrammus , Pratylenchoides alkani , P. ritteri , P. utahensis , Scutylenchus paniculoides , S. rugosus , S. tartuensis , Scutylenchus sp. A, Trophurus impar and Tylenchorhynchus brassicae , from the families Telotylenchidae and Merliniidae were collected from different locations in Iran and molecularly characterised using sequencing of the D2D3 expansion fragments of the 28S rRNA gene. Morphometrics and light micrography for studied species are also provided as vouchers. The phylogenetic relationships of Telotylenchidae and Merliniidae with other representatives of the order Tylenchida, as obtained from Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood analysis of partial 28S rRNA gene sequences, are presented and discussed. The results of phylogenetic analysis were in accordance with classifications in which Bitylenchus and Scutylenchus are considered as separate genera, but Tessellus and Telotylenchus were synonyms of Tylenchorhynchus . The Shimodaira-Hasegawa test of the 28S rRNA gene sequence alignment and trees rejected a large genus concept of Tylenchorhynchus and the constrained monophyly for Belonolaimidae revealed within this family two genera groups: i ) Belonolaimus and Ibipora and ii ) Carphodorus and Morulaimus . The present results also support the combination of Pratylenchoides and Merliniinae into a single family, the Merliniidae.
An updated and annotated checklist of the Dolichodoridae
(Nematoda: Tylenchoidea) of Iran
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 31-03-2014
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.3784.4.5
Abstract: The list of plant parasitic nematodes of the family Dolichodoridae, known from Iran, is updated. 81 species belonging to 13 genera and three subfamilies are included in the list. Data for 29 species are added, of which seven species viz. Neodolichorhynchus phaseoli, Pratylenchoides crenicauda, P. erzurumensis, P. utahensis, Scutylenchus paniculoides, Trophurus impar and Tylenchorhynchus variannus are new records for the Iranian nematofauna. The list of species, further information on their morphometrics, references, referring to full or partial descriptions, associated plants, geographical distribution and some taxonomic remarks are provided. More detailed studies on some doubtful populations are proposed. The information on the taxonomic position of species in different classification schemes, as well as, the tendency of the species to certain climatic condition or ecological niche are provided. Challenges on the reliable identification of this group of nematodes in Iran are discussed and finally, suggestions were proposed for future studies.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2019
Abstract: Two populations of the genus Trophotylenchulus and 10 species of the genus Paratylenchus from Iran were characterized based on morphometric, morphological and molecular characters. Our observations on the two populations of Trophotylenchulus from Iran revealed that T. asoensis and T. okamotoi have been distinguished from T. arenarius , on the basis of the features which cannot be longer considered as stable diagnostic characters. One of the populations shows a mixed combination of the characters of T. arenarius and T. asoensis it has morphometrics more similar to T. arenarius but shows affinities with T. asoensis in the tail terminus shape of females and second-stage juveniles (J2) and in having a reduced stylet in males. The other population fit well with T. okamotoi it has females with generally bluntly rounded tails typical for T. okamotoi , but sometimes with finely rounded tail termini, like those of T. arenarius or T. asoensis . The sequences of D2–D3 expansion segments of 28 S rRNA gene for the two populations are identical with each other, but only 4 bp (0.67%) difference with T. arenarius sequence deposited in the GenBank. Considering no stable difference allow separating species, synonymy of T. asoensis and T. okamotoi with T. arenarius , which has already been proposed, is supported and confirmed here. All studied Paratylenchus species with stylets longer than 40 µm, except P. straeleni , formed a basal cluster to Cacopaurus pestis and species of Paratylenchus bearing stylets shorter than 40 µm thus, validity of Gracilacus cannot be rejected using our data sets. However, the synonymy of Paratylenchoides was supported by the positioning of P. sheri within representatives of Paratylenchus in the inferred phylogenetic tree.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 02-08-2022
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.5169.5.2
Abstract: To investigate relationships within the subfamily Telotylenchinae, more than 500 soil s les were collected from various natural and agricultural habitats in several localities of Iran. In iduals of seven known species, including Bitylenchus dubius, B. parvus, B. serranus, Sauertylenchus maximus, Tylenchorhynchus clarus, T. microconus and Trophurus ussuriensis, were recovered and characterized based on morphological and morphometric characters. Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships within representatives of the subfamily Telotylenchinae were explored using 13 sequences from the D2-D3 expansion regions of 28S ribosomal (r) DNA and 13 sequences for the partial 18S rDNA genes obtained in the present study. Analyses based on the relatively conserved 18S rDNA gene underlined the polyphyletic status of Tylenchorhynchus sensu lato, as three clusters representing Tylenchorhynchus, Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus were well separated, and interspersed by, e.g., representatives of the Macrotrophurinae. Analysis of the more variable D2-D3 28S rDNA sequences suggested at least four clades within the subfamily Telotylenchinae: two clades dominated by Tylenchorhynchus species a third clade harbouring representatives of Sauertylenchus, Bitylenchus, and Paratrophurus in distinct but unresolved branches and a fourth clade dominated by Trophurus species. Although no molecular information was available from a number of genera that were originally gathered under Tylenchorhynchus sensu lato, we concluded that both Bitylenchus and Sauertylenchus should be seen as valid Telotylenchinae genera related to, but distinct from Tylenchorhynchus.
Publisher: Brill
Date: 14-07-2020
DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003326
Abstract: Helicotylenchus ciceri n. sp. and H. scoticus are described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular characters. The new species is characterised by a conical and truncated lip region with five or six distinct annuli, stylet 32-37 μ m long with anteriorly concave knobs, secretory-excretory pore posterior to the pharyngo-intestinal valve, dorsally convex-conoid tail with a terminal projection, phasmids 14 (7-20) annuli anterior to the level of anus, empty spermatheca and absence of males. Intraspecific variation of 16 populations of H. scoticus , collected from chickpea and lentil fields in Kermanshah province, western Iran, is discussed. The results of the phylogenetic analyses based on the sequences of the partial 18S rRNA, D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and ITS rRNA genes are provided for the studied species, confirming their differences from each other and determining the position of them and their relationships with closely related species.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2020
Abstract: In order to investigate different species of root-knot nematodes associated with vegetable production in southern regions of Iran, 37 populations of the most predominant species, Meloidogyne javanica , were recovered. Morphological and morphometric studies were carried on the characters of females, males, J2s and perineal patterns. Species-specific Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) primers confirmed morphological studies, and all these populations produced specific band in 670 bp using Fjav and Rjav primers. Genetic ersity of different populations was studied by Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers implementing 10 primers for each approach. Results revealed a relatively low genetic ersity (the percentage of polymorphic bands were 19.08 and 24.60 for ISSR and RAPD, respectively). The analyses of molecular variance indicated that the variation resulted from genotypic variations within region and variances among regions are 81% and 19% for RAPD, and 86% and 14% for ISSR, respectively. On the other hand, F ST and Nm values are 0.140 and 1.535 for ISSR while these values are 0.188 and 1.079 for RAPD. So it can be concluded that there is a great deal of gene flow between populations due to the movement of plant material contaminated with nematodes, which results in high mixing between populations. ISSR and RAPD datasets failed to group populations according to their geographic region. There were no pathotypes or other intraspecific biological entities observed in the species.
Description of Amplimerlinius uramanatiensis sp. n. (Nematoda: Merliniidae) and observations on three other species of the genus from Iran
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 29-09-2014
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.3869.1.2
Abstract: A new species of the genus Amplimerlinius is described and illustrated from the rhizosphere of Vitis sp. from Kurdistan province in western Iran. A. uramanatiensis sp. n. is characterized by having seven to eight head annuli up to the end of the outer extension of the cephalic framework, 29-31 µm long stylet and cylindrical-clavate tail with a thin hyaline region (9-11 µm) and smooth terminus. Furthermore, A. paraglobigerus and A. macrurus were identified and intra-specific variability of A. globigerus was studied in detail, based on 21 populations collected from different regions of Iran. A key and diagnostic compendium to the species of the genus is provided.
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 21-09-2017
Molecular phylogeny of Diphtherophora de Man, 1880 (Nematoda: Diphtherophoridae), with description of a new species
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 10-09-2020
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4851.2.10
Abstract: The poorly-known nematodes of the genus Diphtherophora are soil inhabitants often found in the vicinity of plant roots. In the present study, we characterize a new species belonging to the genus Diphtherophora, named D. eldarica n. sp., from Iran using both morphological and molecular approaches. The new species is characterized by striated cuticle at the anterior end of the body, head offset from the body contour, spear 15–17 µm in length, rod-shaped sperm, overhanging cuticle on the anterior lip of the anus, and a conical tail bent dorsally near the terminus. Diphterophora eldarica n. sp. also lacks ventromedian neck papillae whereas male specimens bear two precloacal ventromedian supplements at the level of the spicules. Additionally, we provide morphological and molecular data for four known Diphtherophora species including D. geraerti, D. caudata, D. perplexans, and D. tenera collected from soils of different plants and localities in Iran. Using the D2–D3 expansion segments of the 28S ribosomal (rRNA) gene including D. eldarica n. sp. and additional known species from Iran, we explore for the first time species relationships in the genus Diphtherophora within a molecular phylogenetic framework. Our results support: 1) the monophyly of the genus Diphtherophora with respect to the outgroup taxa (Tylolaimophorus and representatives of Trichodoridae), 2) the existence of six strongly supported clades within Diphtherophora, and 3) a sister relationship between D. eldarica n. sp. and a clade formed by D. perplexans and Diphtherophora sp. from the USA. Finally, this study emphasizes the ersity of the genus Diphtherophora in Iran.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 09-12-2016
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4205.5.4
Abstract: Some nematologists recently placed the genus Pratylenchoides, (“Lesion Nematode-like”) in the family Merliniidae. To investigate Pratylenchoides species ersity and their relationships with other Merliniidae genera, specimens were collected from various habitats in the northern and northwestern provinces of Iran. The morphological and molecular study yielded three species of the genus Pratylenchoides, including P. persicus n. sp. This new species is characterized by having lip region rounded or slightly flattened anteriorly with four or five fine but distinct annuli, pharyngeal glands off-set or slightly overlapping the intestine dorsally, all three gland nuclei located anterior to the pharyngo-intestinal valve and tail cylindrical with truncate to low rounded terminus. Morphologically, P. persicus n. sp. can be distinguished from the most closely related species, P. heathi by having shorter body and stylet length in females and males, as well as a shorter tail with different terminus in females. Pratylenchoides laticauda and P. cf. nevadensis are reported from Iran for the first time. Phylogenetic analysis based on the D2/D3 region of the large subunit of ribosomal DNA revealed Pratylenchoides as a monophyletic genus, and it supports the delineation of the new species, P. persicus n. sp.
Publisher: Brill
Date: 2019
DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003269
Abstract: The Persian sessile nematode ( Cacopaurus pestis ) and pin nematodes ( Paratylenchus spp.) are sedentary ectoparasitic nematodes associated with many plant species worldwide. In this study, we provide morphological and molecular characterisation of seven populations of C. pestis and eight species of Paratylenchus recovered from north-western Iran. A total of 26 new sequences of D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and ITS rRNA were obtained and used to reconstruct phylogenetic trees. Results of phylogenetic analyses revealed that the subfamilies of Tylenchulidae form well-separated clades, but that the genera Cacopaurus and Paratylenchus (= Gracilacus ) in the subfamily Paratylenchinae are clustered in one clade. It appears that the previously used character of “stylet length greater than 40 μ m” is not homologous and evolved more than once within the Paratylenchinae.
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Date: 2020
Abstract: Mesocriconema abolafiai n. sp. is described by morphological, morphometric, and molecular approaches. The new species is characterized by a body slightly curved with 402 to 612 μm length, 90 to 113 cuticular body annuli with smooth to irregular margins lacking of crenation with not more than one anastomoses, lip region not offset, small flattened submedian lobes, stylet robust (52.8-60.0 µm) with well-developed knobs, open vulva with simple anterior lip, straight vagina, filled spermatheca with globular sperms, presence of males, and conical-acute tail with last annulus bilobed or rounded. Discussions are made on the characterization of M. abolafiai n. sp. from the most closely related species, M. ozarkiense , and several other species having similar tail shape. Furthermore, results of phylogenetic analyses inferred from D2 to D3 expansion fragments of 28S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and ITS rRNA gene sequences revealed the phylogenetic position of the new species within representatives of Criconematidae and supported morphological justifications for considering this population from Iran as a new species in the genus Mesocriconema .
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 17-01-2019
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4545.2.3
Abstract: The list of plant parasitic nematodes of the family Tylenchulidae, collected from Iran, is updated. Forty-one species belonging to five genera and three subfamilies are included in the list. Data for seven species of Paratylenchus are added, of which two species—P. perminimus and P. salubris—are new records for the Iranian nematofauna. The list of species, further information on their morphometrics, references to full or partial descriptions, associated plants, geographical distribution and some taxonomic remarks are provided. More detailed studies on some doubtful populations are added. Information on the taxonomic position of species in different classification schemes, as well as the preferences of some species for certain climatic conditions or ecological niches is provided.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 04-08-2017
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4300.4.6
Abstract: Comparative morphology of the anterior end is used to characterise certain genera and species of the family Merliniidae, based on populations of 18 species collected from different localities in Iran. We discuss the importance of anterior end morphology in separating Pratylenchoides from Amplimerlinius, and Paramerlinius from Merlinius and Nagelus, as well as for identifying species in the genera Amplimerlinius, Merlinius and Geocenamus. Furthermore, descriptions, morphometric data, line drawings and photomicrographs are provided for Pratylenchoides leiocauda and Telotylenchus paaloofi as new records for the Iranian nematode fauna. Finally, updated species identification keys for the genera Macrotylenchus, Merlinius, Nagelus and Paramerlinius are given.
Publisher: Brill
Date: 2016
DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003023
Abstract: The genus Pratylenchoides has recently been transferred from the family Pratylenchidae to Merliniidae. To investigate further the relationship between these ‘ Pratylenchus -like’ species (residing in the subfamily Pratylenchoidinae) and the subfamily Merliniinae, more than 500 soil s les were collected from various natural and agronomic habitats in the northern and north-western provinces of Iran. In this study, paratypes or populations of 22 species of Pratylenchoides , including the Iranian populations of P. alkani , P. crenicauda , P. erzurumensis , P. laticauda , P. nevadensis , P. ritteri and an undescribed species, were studied. Intra- and interspecies variation of the following characters were investigated: position of the pharyngeal gland nuclei, shape of female and male head, striation of female tail terminus, number of lateral lines at mid-body and in phasmid region for females, presence of intestinal fasciculi, and shape of sperm. Combining morphological and molecular data prompted us to propose two clusters of related Pratylenchoides species. One cluster includes P. crenicauda , P. variabilis and P. erzurumensis , whereas the second cluster consists of P. alkani , P. nevadensis and P. ritteri . Our data point to a sister positioning of P. magnicauda vis-à-vis all Pratylenchoides species included in this research. Analyses of SSU rDNA (for family and subfamily relationships) and partial LSU rDNA sequences (for intrageneric relationships) data revealed: i ) the distal and nested positioning of all Pratylenchoidinae within the Merliniidae ii ) the single transition from ectoparasitism to migratory endoparasitism within the family Merliniidae corresponds with the current subfamily partitioning and iii ) support for the monophyletic nature of the genus Pratylenchoides .
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 03-12-2018
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4526.4.3
Abstract: Trichotylenchus gorganiensis n. sp. is described and illustrated based on morphological and morphometric data. The new species is characterized by its 760–1073 µm long body, conoid-rounded lip region continuous with the body contour and bearing 5–7 fine striae, 22.0–24.5 µm long stylet, basal pharyngeal bulb offset or slightly overlapping intestine, post-anal sac extending 50–73 % of the tail region, and cylindrical or subclavate tail with a striated terminus. Differences of the new species from the closely related species T. astriatus, T. astriatoides, T. changlingensis and T. papyrus are discussed. Photomicrographs and several taxonomic notes on 13 other species of Telotylenchinae, collected from Iran, are provided.
One new and three known species of Geocenamus Thorne & Malek, 1968
(Nematoda: Merliniidae) from Iran
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 11-02-2016
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4079.2.1
Abstract: Soil s les collected from different plants and localities in Iran yielded one new and three known species of the genus Geocenamus with tessellated cuticle. Geocenamus conicaudatus n. sp. is characterised by a hemispherical cephalic region, set-off from the rest of body by a constriction, a slender stylet 17-20 µm long with laterally directed knobs, coarsely annulated cuticle with 32-34 longitudinal striae and a conical tail with smooth, finely rounded terminus. Morphological and molecular studies on the populations of G. paniculoides and G. tartuensis indicated that G. paniculoides may be considered as a valid species. Intraspecific variability of some characters of 30 Iranian populations of G. rugosus were studied. An identification key to 32 valid species of the genus Geocenamus is given.
Contribution to a revision of the genus Pratylenchoides Winslow, 1958 (Nematoda: Merliniidae), with redescription of P. erzurumensis Yüksel, 1977 from Iran
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 23-12-2014
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.3900.3.2
Abstract: Morphological and morphometric studies were conducted on the populations and paratypes of 14 species of the genus Pratylenchoides, including P. alkani, P. acuticauda, P. arenarius, P. arenicola, P. bacilisemenus, P. crenicauda, P. erzurumensis, P. heathi, P. laticauda, P. ritteri, P. rivalis, P. sheri, P. utahensis and P. variabilis. In addition, P. erzurumensis was redescribed based on a bisexual population from western Iran. The conoid head of males is an additional diagnostic character of this species distinguishing it from the closely related P. laticauda and P. camachoi. Based on detailed study of the main characters, synonymies of P. arenarius with P. bacilisemenus and P. variabilis with P. crenicauda are proposed. Synonymy of P. alkani with P. ritteri is supported also by morphological and biological evidence. Some taxonomic notes are made on some other species of the genus. Finally, a diagnostic compendium and key is provided for species identification.
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 18-12-2017
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.4365.3.3
Abstract: A new and four known species of the genus Diphtherophora—D. geraerti sp. n., D. caudata, D. obesa, D. perplexans and D. tenera—were collected and identified from different plants and localities in Iran. Morphological and morphometric characters of Diphtherophora geraerti sp. n. are compared with those of closely-related species, including D. siddiqii, D. brevicollis, D. lata, D. obesa, D. citri, D. vasilevi and D. vitoshae. Females of the new species have a head continuous with the body contour, spear 11–14 µm in length, rod-shaped spermatozoa and conical tail with bluntly rounded to hemispherical terminus. Males have two ventromedian neck papillae located 22–25 and 52–60 µm from the anterior end, and two ventromedian supplements at 11–13 and 75–80 µm anterior from cloacal aperture, respectively. All Diphtherophora species recovered as part of the present study are new records for the Iranian nematode fauna. Finally, a diagnostic compendium is given, to assist with species identification in the genus.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X20000279
Abstract: Thada populus n. sp. was found in the rhizosphere of Populus euphratica in the city of Dezful, south-western Iran. The new species is characterized by its 365–453 μm body length, cuticle with transverse annuli 0.9–1.2 μm wide, lateral fields with four lines, lip region low with one or two annuli, 7.0–8.5 μm wide at base, longitudinal or slightly sigmoid hidial slit, delicate stylet 8.4–9.8 μm long with posteriorly directed knobs, dorsal pharyngeal gland opening at 1.0–1.5 μm posterior to the stylet knobs, non-muscular and valve-less median bulb, pyriform and offset basal bulb, almost oval spermatheca, posterior position of vulva (V = 75–79%) without lateral membrane, short post-vulval uterine sac and conical tail with finely to broadly rounded terminus. Morphological differences of the new species with those of the type species, Thada striata , are discussed. Molecular phylogenetic studies of the new species using partial sequences of small subunit ribosomal DNA revealed that the new species formed a clade with Malenchus spp., Filenchus facultativus , F. fungivorus and Filenchus sp. in Bayesian inference. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies were also performed on Tenunemellus indicus , the second recovered species, the latter analysis using partial sequences of large subunit ribosomal DNA. In the inferred Bayesian tree, T . indicus formed a clade with Labrys fuzhouensis , Lelenchus leptosoma from the Netherlands, Malenchus spp. and Filenchus discrepans .
Publisher: Magnolia Press
Date: 25-07-2014
DOI: 10.11646/ZOOTAXA.3841.2.1
Abstract: Morphological and morphometric analyses were conducted on the genus Paratylenchus, based on documented data in the literature and characters of Iranian populations of twelve species, including P. arculatus, P. colinus, P. conicephalus, P. coronatus, P. neoamblycephalus, P. neoprojectus, P. obtusicaudatus, P. paraperaticus, P. similis, P. straeleni, P. variabilis and P. veruculatus. Moreover, males of P. obtusicaudatus are described for the first time and additional data provided for males of P. paraperaticus. The variability of the most important taxonomic characters for species identification in the genus was estimated by calculation of coefficient of variation (CV) for 49 species and the ratio of extremes in the range of measured females (max/min ratios) for 82 species of the genus, based on 66 and 170 populations, respectively. A list of 117 valid species of Paratylenchus is provided, along with a dichotomous identification key and a diagnostic compendium.
Publisher: Brill
Date: 03-09-2021
DOI: 10.1163/15685411-BJA10127
Abstract: A new species of Tylenchidae from the rhizosphere of mangrove trees in Hormozgan and Khuzestan provinces, Iran, is described based on morphological and molecular data. Ottolenchus sinipersici n. sp., is characterised by a slightly fusiform body 560-665 μ m long, lateral field in the form of a narrow band with two faint incisures that are not visible in fatter females, indistinct transverse annuli under the light microscope, cephalic region continuous with the body contour, smooth and flattened dorsoventrally, longitudinal and narrow sigmoid hidial slits, stylet delicate, 10.1-11.2 μ m long, with small rounded to slightly posteriorly sloping knobs, well-developed median bulb, offset and pyriform pharyngeal basal bulb, vulva located at 66.9-69.6% of body length, offset spermatheca, short post-vulval uterine sac, spicules 18.5-20.5 μ m long with highly curved blades, and a 113-135 μ m long filiform tail with a hook-like or coiled terminus. In Bayesian inference phylogenetic trees based on the partial small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) and D2-D3 expansion segment of large subunit ribosomal DNA (D2-D3 LSU rDNA) genes, the new species clustered together with O. facultativus (KJ869310) in SSU, and forms a clade with three isolates of O. discrepans in LSU phylogeny. Ottolenchus fungivorus n. comb. (= Filenchus fungivorus ) is proposed.
No related grants have been discovered for Akbar Karegar.