ORCID Profile
0000-0002-1408-8053
Current Organisation
University of Southern Queensland
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Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Date: 10-2015
DOI: 10.1086/683107
Publisher: Royal College of Psychiatrists
Date: 03-2004
Abstract: The effectiveness of the testimony method has not been established in rural communities with survivors of prolonged civil war. To examine the effectiveness and feasibility of a testimony method to ameliorate post-traumatic stress symptoms. Participants ( n =206) belonged to former war zones in Mozambique. They were ided into a case ( n = 137) and a non-case group ( n =69). The case group was randomly ided into an intervention ( n =66) and a control group ( n =71). Symptoms were measured during baseline assessment, post-intervention and at an 11-month follow-up. Post-intervention measurements demonstrated significant symptom reduction in both the intervention and the control group. No significant differences were found between the intervention and the control group. Follow-up measurements showed sustained lower levels of symptoms in both groups, and some indications of a positive intervention effect in women. A remarkable drop in symptoms could not be linked directly to the intervention. Feasibility of the intervention was good, but controlling the intervention in a small rural community appeared to be a difficult task to accomplish.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 06-2013
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 12-2016
Abstract: In the wake of a civil war, local resources can play a potential role in shaping the recovery process by providing both old and new exegeses for the disturbing effects of the past. Using the case of Gorongosa, this article aims to explore the ways in which the war has impacted upon traditional medicine by creating Gamba spirits that cause havoc but can also transform the psychosocial hurts of war survivors. Historically, traditional healing practice was under the sole responsibility of the Dzoca, an ancestral spirit that for generations was embodied in living people through lineage descent to exercise its healing powers. There is consensus among healers that the Gamba spirit and healers emerged after the war and are rapidly spreading throughout Gorongosa. I explore the emic theories to explain the Gamba’s puzzling origins and the role they are currently playing in Gorongosa.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 03-2018
DOI: 10.1192/APT.7.2.102
Abstract: The most important psychiatric implication of experiencing trauma during war is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The core symptoms of PTSD are intrusive re-experiencing of traumatic events, hyperarousal in reaction to minor stimuli and avoidance of trauma-related triggers. In this paper we describe the phenomenon of intrusive reexperiencing, of which the post-traumatic nightmare (PTNM) is an impressive manifestation that causes considerable distress (Mellman et al, 1995 Schreuder, 1996 Ørner & de Loos, 1998 Schreuder et al, 1998).
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2003
DOI: 10.1002/IMHJ.10068
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 07-2014
DOI: 10.1017/S0010417514000322
Abstract: This article explores how accusations of cannibalism in post-conflict Mozambique, which were leveled in the context of in idually driven and protracted struggles, albeit with cultural spinoffs, have contributed to ongoing and contested forms of social transformation in the country. The accusations were accentuated by the mobilizing effects of memories of violence and interventions of the mass media, which in turn highlighted the enduring struggle over the politics of local recognition and authority and its dynamic and broader links to state-building and legitimacy in Mozambique. This analysis traces the origins of cannibal accusations in culture and politics and, through a discussion of the biographies of concrete social actors and their open and discreet struggles, has wider repercussions for the study of the role of indigenous beliefs about, and fears of, cannibals and witches on state-building in post-conflict countries.
Publisher: Berghahn Books
Date: 03-2018
Abstract: In spite of the growing public focus on domestic violence (DV) in mainstream Australian society, ethnographers have remained aloof from analysing this problem. In an ethnographic study in the Brisbane region, I analysed people’s perceptions of anti-violence images that were part of a public c aign and assessed the appropriateness of the images’ locations. Occasionally, my interlocutors unexpectedly included accounts of DV. My analysis reveals the tensions between public display and the concealment underlying the c aign. The interlocutors revealed experiences of competing responsibilities related to DV. The use of subtle images of anti-violence in locations filled with competing images, coupled with a failure to consider historical continuities and changes in local imaginaries of violence, exposed the difficulties associated with conveying persuasive messages of DV prevention.
Publisher: Project MUSE
Date: 2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 05-09-2018
DOI: 10.1002/9781118924396.WBIEA1578
Abstract: Worldwide, spirit possession has multiple meanings which have propelled scholars to use erse theoretical perspectives to interpret and explain it. Interpretations based on symbolism have evolved over time. Instrumental interpretations considered spirit possession as strategies used by marginalized groups to struggle for recognition. Holistic approaches moved further to consider spirit possession as ways of knowing, coping, and contesting power. Comparative studies established conceptual distinctions of trance as rooted in physiology and possession beliefs as cultural phenomenon. This distinction inspired a search for the physiological substratum of trance. Yet, the majority of scholars kept the focus on local context and local meanings of spirit possession. In war‐torn societies, the visibility of harmful spirit possession inspired the initiation of ethnographically driven epidemiological studies of its prevalence and cumulative effects on health and social problems. These studies created a further basis for current and future comparisons of community prevalence of harmful spirit possession with implications for public health.
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Date: 25-04-2023
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-12-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Date: 2009
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 14-01-2019
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 06-2009
DOI: 10.1002/JTS.20412
Abstract: The influence of physical activity on the prevalence and remission of war-related mental disturbances has never been systematically evaluated. This study examined the influence of participation in the agricultural cycle on the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence and correlated symptoms longitudinally in post civil war Mozambique. Prevalence rates were examined in the end and the outset of the agricultural cycle in a community population (N = 240). The agricultural cycle, which is characterized by fluctuations in physical activities, social connectedness, and the sense of purpose in life influences the PTSD prevalence and correlated symptoms. By studying the influence of the agricultural cycle on PTSD prevalence, severe PTSD cases that fail to respond to the agricultural cycle can be identified, and subsequently evaluated regarding the need for specialized care.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 02-01-2017
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 14-05-2018
Publisher: Medknow
Date: 07-2006
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-05-2008
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 05-11-2015
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 25-05-2012
Abstract: This study explores the therapeutic implications of including culturally adapted spiritual ceremonies in the process of testimonial therapy for torture survivors in India, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, and the Philippines. Data were collected through an action research process with Asian mental health and human rights organizations, during which the testimonial method was reconceptualized and modified to include four sessions. In the first two sessions, community workers assist survivors in the writing of their testimony, which is their narrative about the human rights violations they have suffered. In the third session, survivors participate in an honour ceremony in which they are presented with their testimony documents. In the fourth session, the community workers meet with the survivors for a reevaluation of their well-being. The honour ceremonies developed during the action research process came to employ different kinds of symbolic language at each site: human rights (India), religious/Catholic (Sri Lanka), religious/Buddhist (Cambodia), and religious/Moslem (Philippines). They all used embodied spirituality in various forms, incorporating singing, dancing, and religious purification rituals in a collective gathering. We suggest that these types of ceremonies may facilitate an in idual’s capacity to contain and integrate traumatic memories, promote restorative self-awareness, and engage community support. Additional research is needed to determine the method’s applicability in other sociopolitical contexts governed by more Western-oriented medical traditions.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2010
DOI: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2010.04.024
Abstract: In this article we assess the prevalence rates of harmful spirit possession, different features of the spirits and of their hosts, the correlates of the spirit possession experience, health patterns and the sources of health care consulted by possessed in iduals in a population s le of 941 adults (255 men, 686 women) in post-civil war Mozambique in 2003-2004. A combined quantitative-qualitative research design was used for data collection. A major study outcome is that the prevalence rates vary according to the severity of the possession as measured by the number of harmful spirits involved in the affliction. The prevalence rate of participants suffering from at least one spirit was 18.6 percent among those in iduals, 5.6 percent were suffering from possession by two or more spirits. A comparison between possessed and non-possessed in iduals shows that certain types of spirit possession are a major cause of health impairment. We propose that knowledge of both local understandings of harmful spirit possession and the community prevalence of this kind of possession is a precondition for designing public health interventions that sensitively respond to the health needs of people afflicted by spirits.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 10-2019
DOI: 10.1017/S0010417519000264
Abstract: In conflict-ridden communities, justice specialists gather evidence through verbal accounts and material vestiges of violations committed by repressive regimes and during warfare, to eventually lay legal charges against alleged perpetrators. Anthropologists and sociologists engage with similar contexts but have included conventional bodily rituals, routinized practices, and commemoration practices as sources of knowledge of violent pasts and struggles for historical justice, although without the intention of determining legal accountability. This article shifts from the prevailing focus on repressive regimes and warfare to analyze the famine continuum and expands the procedures for gathering evidence of violations. It shows how, in one Mozambique community, a contingent combination of singular bodily actions, collective imagination and negotiations, and kinship norms evolved and became instrumental in two ways: contested fragments of evidence of violations perpetrated during the experiences of the 1980s famine were refined, and local struggles for accountability conveyed through bodily actions were sustained. The ensuing embodied accountability reshaped relationships by overcoming silence and denial, exposing ordinary perpetrators of violations, and cementing memories of guilt in the landscape. To capture the ersity of legacies of violations marred by fragile evidence, we must be attentive to the versatility of singular bodily actions. We need to consider the multiplicity of meanings, contexts, and perpetrators and how those in conflict zones struggle with embodied accountability.
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 12-2010
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 07-2014
DOI: 10.1017/S0010417514000322
Abstract: This article explores how accusations of cannibalism in post-conflict Mozambique, which were leveled in the context of in idually driven and protracted struggles, albeit with cultural spinoffs, have contributed to ongoing and contested forms of social transformation in the country. The accusations were accentuated by the mobilizing effects of memories of violence and interventions of the mass media, which in turn highlighted the enduring struggle over the politics of local recognition and authority and its dynamic and broader links to state-building and legitimacy in Mozambique. This analysis traces the origins of cannibal accusations in culture and politics and, through a discussion of the biographies of concrete social actors and their open and discreet struggles, has wider repercussions for the study of the role of indigenous beliefs about, and fears of, cannibals and witches on state-building in post-conflict countries.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 09-04-2015
DOI: 10.1093/IJTJ/IJV004
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 09-2008
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-09-2012
DOI: 10.1093/IJTJ/IJS017
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 04-03-2010
DOI: 10.1017/S0021855309990167
Abstract: In the Mozambican context of the state amnesty for civil war crimes, war survivors have used their local ethics of reciprocity to create justice. This article analyses how survivors have attempted to persuade judges in traditional courts to adjudicate in serious wartime disputes. These judges, who have no official mandate to redress wartime offences, tried to preserve the conflicting interests of the litigants and the state. This positioning, coupled with the fact that the local ethics of reciprocity are embedded in uneven power and gender relations, resulted in some cases being adjudicated and others not, and in some disputes receiving no gender justice. Nevertheless, some of the interventions indicate that national and international institutions of justice are not the only ones engaged in the struggle against impunity for wartime crimes. In Mozambique, specific attention must be paid to the study of traditional justice mechanisms as fonts of redress for wartime crimes and for the long-term contribution they can make.
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 20-06-2021
DOI: 10.1093/IJTJ/IJAB007
Abstract: The end of the Cold War raised the profiles of international tribunals and truth commissions as official mechanisms for dealing with the legacies of political violence around the world. However, these mechanisms have the tendency to generate somewhat stark accounts of the past and present, and of guilt and heroism, and are thus an inadequate forum for grasping the complexities of protracted, multiple and fracturing intragroup violence. This article is based on fieldwork in Timor Leste. It analyzes the unresolved legacies of Timorese intragroup political violence through a focus on the interventions of political leaders in the Timorese national parliament over time, coupled with an analysis of some of their autobiographies. It reveals how the crisscrossing histories of violence and fluctuating group affiliations have shaped ongoing political struggles, from silence and denial to unsettling voices and deliberations, which constitute sources of enduring political negotiations, mistrust and tension among Timorese leaders.
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2006
Publisher: Springer Singapore
Date: 2019
Publisher: BRILL
Date: 2010
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 20-03-2015
Publisher: Brill
Date: 2009
Abstract: This paper focuses on gendered processes of socialization experienced by Christian religious groups in different Christian churches in post-civil war Gorongosa, a district in the centre of Mozambique. Discourses of radical social transformation through Christian interventions and experiences are prominent among Christians, both men and women. Yet a comprehensive and longitudinal analysis of the social world in which the Christian groups are embedded and the performances of Christian men and women demonstrates the emergence of complex processes of transformation and continuities with local cultural beliefs and practices that many non-Christians have partially or thoroughly reformed or abandoned. These changes and continuities also encompass the manifestation of fluid forms of submission and creativity, and masculinities and femininities against the ideological notion of thoroughly new and closed Christian identities. The overall analysis suggests that the tension between the practices of change and continuity are necessary in order to create and sustain the legitimacy of the various Christian groups in Gorongosa.
Location: No location found
Location: Netherlands
No related grants have been discovered for Victor Igreja.