Publication
Adjunctive vitamin D in tuberculosis treatment: meta-analysis of individual participant data
Publisher:
European Respiratory Society (ERS)
Date:
06-02-2019
DOI:
10.1183/13993003.02003-2018
Abstract: Randomised controlled trials of adjunctive vitamin D in pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) treatment have yielded conflicting results. In idual participant data meta-analysis could identify factors explaining this variation. We meta-analysed in idual participant data from randomised controlled trials of vitamin D in patients receiving antimicrobial therapy for pulmonary TB. Primary outcome was time to sputum culture conversion. Secondary outcomes were time to sputum smear conversion, mean 8-week weight and incidence of adverse events. Pre-specified subgroup analyses were done according to baseline vitamin D status, age, sex, drug susceptibility, HIV status, extent of disease and vitamin D receptor genotype. In idual participant data were obtained for 1850 participants in eight studies. Vitamin D did not influence time to sputum culture conversion overall (adjusted HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.91-1.23), but it did accelerate sputum culture conversion in participants with multidrug-resistant pulmonary TB (adjusted HR 13.44, 95% CI 2.96-60.90) no such effect was seen in those whose isolate was sensitive to rif icin and/or isoniazid (adjusted HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.88-1.19 p-value for interaction=0.02). Vitamin D accelerated sputum smear conversion overall (adjusted HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.01-1.31), but did not influence other secondary outcomes. Vitamin D did not influence time to sputum culture conversion overall, but it accelerated sputum culture conversion in patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary TB.