ORCID Profile
0000-0001-6397-7917
Current Organisations
Qingdao University
,
Case Western Reserve University Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
,
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
,
Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Psychiatry
,
University of Toronto Department of Economics
,
Harvard College
,
Harvard Medical School
,
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
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Publications
Setting Research Priorities To Reduce Global Mortality from Childhood Diarrhoea by 2015
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 10-03-2009
Psychosocial Challenges and Strategies for Coping with HIV Among Adolescents in Uganda: A Qualitative Study
Publisher: Mary Ann Liebert Inc
Date: 02-2015
Abstract: Although more than 90% of youth perinatally infected with HIV live in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the psychosocial factors that impact their wellbeing, or how these youth cope with these challenges. The purpose of this study was to identify the psychosocial challenges and coping strategies among perinatal HIV-infected adolescents in Uganda. In-depth interviews were conducted with a purposive s le of 38 HIV-infected adolescents aged 12-19 years at a large HIV treatment center in K ala. Data were analyzed thematically to identify themes and domains related to stressors and specific coping strategies. Psychosocial challenges included stigma/discrimination, relationship challenges such as HIV status disclosure, and medication difficulties. Coping strategies included medication adherence, concealment or limited disclosure of HIV status, treatment optimism, social support, rationalizing, social comparison, spirituality/religiosity, avoidance, and distraction. Age and gender differences also emerged: younger participants generally lacked specific coping strategies compared to females, male adolescents reported greater use of avoidance/distraction techniques. Findings underscore the need to address stigma within homes and schools, and to equip adolescents with the comprehensive knowledge and skills to address their varied challenges.
Disclosure of HIV Status to Perinatally Infected Adolescents in Urban Uganda: A Qualitative Study on Timing, Process, and Outcomes
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 07-2015
DOI: 10.1016/J.JANA.2015.02.001
Abstract: Disclosure of HIV status to children and adolescents living with HIV remains a challenge in pediatric HIV care. Many of the current disclosure guidelines from national and international bodies recommend that perinatally infected children be informed of their HIV status prior to adolescence, but rates of disclosure in both high- and low-income countries remains low. The applicability of the recommendations to low-income countries remains largely unknown, as few studies have explored the disclosure process in these settings. Our purpose was to explore disclosure experiences of HIV-infected adolescents in Uganda. Disclosure was a largely one-time event conducted by health care providers. The average age at disclosure was 13 years. Disclosure elicited a erse array of positive and negative reactions, including suicidal ideation reactions were closely associated with participant age, gender, knowledge about HIV, and health status at time of disclosure. Interventions to promote locally effective, process-oriented approaches to early disclosure are needed.
Preparation and Magnetic Properties of BSCCO Superconducting Nanofibers by Electrospinning and Solution Blowing Spinning
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 09-07-2022
Estimating global injuries morbidity and mortality: methods and data used in the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 24-08-2020
DOI: 10.1136/INJURYPREV-2019-043531
Abstract: While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria. In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation. In summary, these methods included estimating cause-specific mortality for every cause of injury, and then estimating incidence for every cause of injury. Non-fatal disability for each cause is then calculated based on the probabilities of suffering from different types of bodily injury experienced. GBD 2017 produced morbidity and mortality estimates for 38 causes of injury. Estimates were produced in terms of incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, cause-specific mortality, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life-years for a 28-year period for 22 age groups, 195 countries and both sexes. GBD 2017 demonstrated a complex and sophisticated series of analytical steps using the largest known database of morbidity and mortality data on injuries. GBD 2017 results should be used to help inform injury prevention policy making and resource allocation. We also identify important avenues for improving injury burden estimation in the future.
Global, regional, and national mortality among young people aged 10–24 years, 1950–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Global injury morbidity and mortality from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 24-04-2020
DOI: 10.1136/INJURYPREV-2019-043494
Abstract: Past research in population health trends has shown that injuries form a substantial burden of population health loss. Regular updates to injury burden assessments are critical. We report Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 Study estimates on morbidity and mortality for all injuries. We reviewed results for injuries from the GBD 2017 study. GBD 2017 measured injury-specific mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) using the Cause of Death Ensemble model. To measure non-fatal injuries, GBD 2017 modelled injury-specific incidence and converted this to prevalence and years lived with disability (YLDs). YLLs and YLDs were summed to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). In 1990, there were 4 260 493 (4 085 700 to 4 396 138) injury deaths, which increased to 4 484 722 (4 332 010 to 4 585 554) deaths in 2017, while age-standardised mortality decreased from 1079 (1073 to 1086) to 738 (730 to 745) per 100 000. In 1990, there were 354 064 302 (95% uncertainty interval: 338 174 876 to 371 610 802) new cases of injury globally, which increased to 520 710 288 (493 430 247 to 547 988 635) new cases in 2017. During this time, age-standardised incidence decreased non-significantly from 6824 (6534 to 7147) to 6763 (6412 to 7118) per 100 000. Between 1990 and 2017, age-standardised DALYs decreased from 4947 (4655 to 5233) per 100 000 to 3267 (3058 to 3505). Injuries are an important cause of health loss globally, though mortality has declined between 1990 and 2017. Future research in injury burden should focus on prevention in high-burden populations, improving data collection and ensuring access to medical care.
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Aripiprazole in the Maintenance Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: A Critical Review of the Evidence and Its Dissemination into the Scientific Literature
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 03-05-2011
Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950-2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Research Priorities to Reduce Global Mortality From Newborn Infections by 2015
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 2009
Subnational mapping of HIV incidence and mortality among individuals aged 15–49 years in sub-Saharan Africa, 2000–18: a modelling study
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
National Partnership for Maternal Safety: Consensus Bundle on Venous Thromboembolism
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 11-2019
Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Research priorities to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries
Publisher: International Global Health Society
Date: 15-04-2022
Health and Human Rights in a Changing World
Publisher: Routledge
Date: 04-07-2013
Five insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Setting Priorities in Global Child Health Research Investments: Guidelines for Implementation of the CHNRI Method
Publisher: Croatian Medical Journals
Date: 12-2008
Related Organisations
Case Western Reserve University Department Of Epidemiology And Biostatistics
Location: United States of America
Case Western Reserve University School Of Medicine
Location: United States of America
Massachusetts General Hospital Department Of Psychiatry
Location: United States of America
Harvard T.H. Chan School Of Public Health
Location: United States of America
Harvard T.H. Chan School Of Public Health
Location: No location found
Related Funding Activities
No related grants have been discovered for Alexander Tsai.