ORCID Profile
0000-0002-5057-311X
Current Organisation
University of Pretoria
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Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.TVJL.2012.08.009
Abstract: There is increasing concern that reproductive isolation related to breed specifications in dogs, while maintaining genetic differences among breeds, is likely to promote breed-specific genetic disorders. This study examined genetic ersity among 13 popular dog breed groups in the UK. Most breeds showed high levels of homozygosity when compared with crossbred animals. The Boxer and West Highland white terrier showed the lowest heterozygosity, while the Jack Russell terrier group (not a registered breed in the UK) had a level of heterozygosity comparable to crossbred dogs. Analysis of genetic distance between breeds showed significantly different inbreeding coefficients for pairwise comparisons among registered breeds, with the most ergent breeds being the Boxer and West Highland white terrier. The Rottweiler and Golden retriever showed the highest levels of inbreeding. The least distinct group contained crossbred dogs. The results show that the registered breeds are subject to a 'breed barrier' which promotes reduction in genetic ersity.
Publisher: Medpharm Publications
Date: 13-08-2015
Abstract: Babesia rossi is the cause of a highly virulent multisystemic disease with a variable outcome, which is a reliable model of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The objective of this study was to determine the concentration of canine pancreatic-specific lipase (cPL) in a population of dogs with naturally acquired B. rossi infection. In addition, the associations between serum cPL and death and SIRS status were examined. An observational study recruited 87 dogs diagnosed with B. rossi infection and serum cPL concentrations were measured daily until discharge or death. The median concentration of serum cPL was 124.0 µg/L (interquartile range: 51.0 µg/L – 475.5 µg/L) on admission (n = 87) and 145.5 µg/L (62.3 µg/L – 434.0 µg/L) on day two of hospitalisation (n = 40). Twenty-four dogs (28%) had a serum cPL concentration within the diagnostic range for pancreatitis ( 400 µg/L) at admission with 13 dogs (32.5%) presenting as such on the second day of hospitalisation. The median concentration of serum cPL in dogs with SIRS was 158 µg/L (interquartile range: 52.5 µg/L – 571.5 µg/L n = 53), which was significantly higher than in those without SIRS (75 µg/L 50.3 µg/L – 131.8 µg/L n = 32) (P = 0.018). This study demonstrated that an unexpectedly high number of dogs diagnosed with naturally acquired canine babesiosis had a serum cPL concentration within the diagnostic range for acute pancreatitis and a significantly higher serum cPL concentration was found in dogs that were classified as having SIRS.
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2014
Publisher: Medpharm Publications
Date: 05-12-2018
Abstract: Salmonellosis is a disease of major zoonotic importance and canine parvovirus is a potentially fatal cause of canine enteritis with a world-wide distribution. Persistent isolation of Salmonella during routine environmental s ling surveys of a hospital ward, reserved for the treatment of dogs with canine parvovirus infection, prompted investigation into a possible source. We hypothesised that dogs affected by canine parvovirus would have a higher prevalence of faecal salmonellae compared to an apparently healthy cohort. Seventy-four client-owned dogs naturally infected with canine parvovirus and 42 apparently healthy client-owned dogs were included in the study. This prospective, longitudinal, observational study was conducted over an 18-month period. Fresh faecal s les were collected from dogs aged 6 weeks to 9 months diagnosed with canine parvovirus infection and admitted for treatment, and from apparently healthy dogs presented for vaccination or routine hospital procedures. Faeces were submitted for the isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and serotyping of salmonellae. The prevalence of faecal Salmonella shedding was 22% and 31% for the affected and apparently healthy dogs, respectively, which was not statistically different. No significant associations between Salmonella status and possible risk factors or continuous variables such as age, body weight and duration of hospitalisation were identified. All the Salmonella isolates (n = 32) were resistant to penicillin G, lincomycin and tylosin. Salmonellae from nine different serotypes were identified. The prevalence of Salmonella shedding in both groups was higher than that commonly reported, yet similar to those in previous reports on young dogs, shelter dogs or dogs fed a raw meat diet.
Publisher: Medpharm Publications
Date: 13-08-2014
Abstract: A number of key questions remain unanswered in the pathogenesis of myxomatous mitralvalve disease (MMVD). As MMVD typically afflicts small-breed dogs, a genetic basis hasbeen implied. In addition, the fact that not all dogs within a risk group develop MMVDis still unexplained. Research into the pathogenesis of MMVD typically falls under threecategorical isions, namely genetic factors, mechanical factors of the valve and systemicfactors. Genetic studies have implicated certain loci in the pathogenesis of MMVD. Ofparticular interest is the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 locus, as IGF-1 is also associatedwith growth. The mechanical structure and function of the mitral valve have also receivedmuch attention in recent years. What has emerged is the notion of a highly complex dynamicstructure, which has an uneven distribution of stress and strain according to the flow ofblood. Research efforts have also identified a number of systemic factors such as cytokinesand signalling pathways that may contribute to the failure of the valve. Serotonin remainsan area of interest in this field. Taken together, the amalgamation of research efforts inthese three areas will go a long way towards resolving the understanding of this disease.Another area of focus in MMVD has been the development of clinical tests to diagnose theonset of congestive heart failure. To this end, echocardiographic indices and biochemicalmarkers have been investigated. Echocardiographic indices such as left atrial to aortic ratioand the N-terminal of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) have beenidentified as specific risk factors to predict progression. Advanced imaging studies such ascardiac magnetic resonance imaging have enabled investigators to determine the earliestremodelling changes that occur in MMVD.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-2014
DOI: 10.1136/VR.102739
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 08-01-2013
Publisher: Medpharm Publications
Date: 22-10-2014
Abstract: Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common heart disease of dogs. The current management of MMVD in dogs is mostly pharmacological, and the recommendations for treatment are based on a number of veterinary studies. Notwithstanding the current consensus regarding the medical management of MMVD, there remains active debate as to which drugs are the most effective. In order to understand how recommendations are constructed in the pharmacological management of diseases, the veterinarian needs to understand the concept of evidence-based veterinary medicine, and how the findings of these studies can be applied in their own practices. This review summarises the current veterinary literature and explains how the consensus regarding the management of MMVD has been reached. This review highlights the limitations of veterinary studies in order to provide veterinary practitioners with a sense of the difficulty there is in establishing the benefit of one treatment over the other. Veterinarians should therefore apply treatment recommendations based on the best evidence, integrated with a pathomechanistic understanding of the disease process and clinical experience.
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Johan Schoeman.