ORCID Profile
0000-0002-1112-1276
Current Organisations
Aarhus University
,
University of Bath
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Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-05-2021
DOI: 10.1186/S40562-021-00190-Y
Abstract: Eastern Indonesia is one of the world’s most complex regions in terms of tsunami hazards, as it accommodates numerous seismic and non-seismic tsunami sources with a history of deadly tsunamis. This study is an effort to enhance tsunami hazard knowledge in eastern Indonesia where limited data and analyses exist. We provide a brief understanding of eastern Indonesia’s tsunami hazards by modelling selected deterministic tsunami scenarios from tectonic, submarine mass failure (SMF), and volcanic sources. To our knowledge, this is the first time that tsunami hazards modelling from such erse sources in Indonesia has been performed. Our methodology is a deterministic tsunami hazard analysis considering credible tsunami sources from historical and contemporary data, modelling them using state-of-the-art simulation tools. We modelled two Mw7.8 tsunamigenic earthquake scenarios on the Flores back-arc thrust, one rupturing the basal fault (FBT-BF) and the other rupturing the splay fault (FBT-SF), showing that the two scenarios produce maximum tsunami litudes of $$\\sim$$ ∼ 5.3 m and $$\\sim$$ ∼ 4.2 m, respectively, which are comparable to the deadly 1992 Flores tsunami. We modelled potential SMF-generated tsunamis in the Makassar Strait with SMF volumes of 5 $$\\hbox {km}^3$$ km 3 and 225 $$\\hbox {km}^3$$ km 3 which yielded maximum tsunami heights of $$\\sim$$ ∼ 1.1 m and $$\\sim$$ ∼ 4.3 m along the eastern coast of Kalimantan Island and $$\\sim$$ ∼ 2.9 m and $$\\sim$$ ∼ 11.1 m along the west shore of Sulawesi Island, respectively. The 1871 Ruang volcanic tsunami is studied through existing historical documents and a source model is proposed comprising a flank collapse with volume of $$0.10\\ \\mathrm{km}^3$$ 0.10 km 3 . Such a source model successfully reproduced the 25 m runup reported in a historical account.
Publisher: Copernicus GmbH
Date: 03-03-2021
DOI: 10.5194/EGUSPHERE-EGU21-4582
Abstract: & & An M7.0 earthquake followed by moderate tsunami destructed Majene region, western Sulawesi on 23 February 1969. This event claimed at least 64 lives and caused severe damage to infrastructure. In this study, we reconstructed the earthquake and tsunami source of this event by optimising macroseismic and tsunami dataset reported as well as analysed the earthquake focal mechanism. We estimated that the maximum intensity of the earthquake was VIII (in Modified Mercalli Intensity). From the first motion polarity analysis, the earthquake had a thrust mechanism which was plausibly from the Makassar Thrust. Further, deterministic ground motion modelling successfully fits the intensity data. However, thrust earthquake from the Makassar Thrust was unable to reconstruct 4 m tsunami height observed at Pelattoang. The estimated ratio between maximum tsunami run-up height and lateral distribution distance (& em& I& sub& & /sub& & /em& ) from the dataset indicates that the tsunami was generated by a local coastal landslide.& & & & (This study is funded by the Royal Society (UK) grant number CHL/R1/180173)& &
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Date: 19-08-2013
Publisher: Seismological Society of America (SSA)
Date: 14-04-2021
DOI: 10.1785/0220200442
Abstract: Tsunami potential from high dip-angle splay faults is an understudied topic, although such splay faults can significantly lify coastal tsunami heights as compared with ordinary thrust faults. Here, we identify a hotspot for tsunamis from splay faulting in the Molucca Sea arc–arc collision zone in eastern Indonesia, which accommodates one of the world’s most complicated tectonic settings. The November 2019 Mw 7.2 earthquake and tsunami are studied through teleseismic inversions assuming rupture velocities in the range 1.5–4.0 km/s followed by tsunami simulations. The normalized root mean square error index was applied and revealed that the best model has a rupture velocity of 2.0 km/s from the steeply dipping plane. The recent high dip-angle reverse 2019 Mw 7.2 and 2014 Mw 7.1 earthquakes combined with numerous similar seismic events may indicate that this region is prone to splay faulting. This study highlights the need for understanding tsunamis from splay faulting in other subduction zones.
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 30-08-2021
DOI: 10.1111/DAR.13377
Abstract: The heavy drinking of others may negatively affect an in idual on several dimensions of life. Until now, there is scarce research about how to judge the severity of various experiences of such harms. This study aims to empirically scale the severity of such harm items and to determine who is at most risk of these harms. We used population‐based survey data from 10 countries of the GENAHTO project (Gender and Alcohol's Harms to Others, data collection: 2011–2016). Questions about harms from others' drinking asked about verbal and physical harm, damage of belongings, traffic accidents, harassment, threatening behaviour, family and financial problems. We used item response theory methods (IRT) to scale severity of the aforementioned items. To acknowledge culturally based variations in different countries, we assessed ‘differential item functioning’. The items ‘family problems’, ‘financial problems’ and ‘clothes and property damage’ as well as ‘physical harm’ were scaled as more severe in most countries compared to other items. Substantial differential item functioning was present in more than half of the country pairings. The item ‘financial problems’ was most often differentially scaled. Younger people who drank more, as well as women (compared to men), reported more harm. Using IRT, we were able to evaluate grades of severity in harms from others' drinking. IRT scaling yielded in similar rankings of items as reported from other studies. However, empirical scaling allows for more differentiated severity scaling than simple summary scores and is more sensitive to cultural differences.
Location: United States of America
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Location: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
No related grants have been discovered for Mohammad Heidarzadeh.