ORCID Profile
0000-0002-9043-9986
Current Organisations
Mount Sinai Hospital
,
Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III
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Publications
Cardiovascular Risk Surveillance to Develop a Nationwide Health Promotion Strategy: The Grenada Heart Project
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 07-2012
Safety and efficacy of dalcetrapib on atherosclerotic disease using novel non-invasive multimodality imaging (dal-PLAQUE): a randomised clinical trial
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2011
Projected impact of polypill use among US adults: Medication use, cardiovascular risk reduction, and side effects
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2011
Relationship of Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers With Plaque Inflammation Assessed by FDG PET/CT
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2013
The MOGE(S) Classification for a Phenotype–Genotype Nomenclature of Cardiomyopathy
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2013
MOGE(S) nosology in low-to-middle-income countries
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 25-03-2014
In Vivo Diagnosis of Plaque Erosion and Calcified Nodule in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome by Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2013
Strategies for Multivessel Revascularization in Patients with Diabetes
Publisher: Massachusetts Medical Society
Date: 20-12-2012
Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2020
Primary coronary angioplasty compared with intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: Six-month follow up and analysis of individual patient data from randomized trials
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2003
DOI: 10.1067/MHJ.2003.40
Innovative Approaches to Hypertension Control in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Targeting Preschool Children to Promote Cardiovascular Health: Cluster Randomized Trial
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2013
Relationships Among Regional Arterial Inflammation, Calcification, Risk Factors, and Biomarkers
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 03-2009
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.108.811752
Abstract: Background— Fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG PET) imaging of atherosclerosis has been used to quantify plaque inflammation and to measure the effect of plaque-stabilizing drugs. We explored how atherosclerotic plaque inflammation varies across arterial territories and how it relates to arterial calcification. We also tested the hypotheses that the degree of local arterial inflammation measured by PET is correlated with the extent of systemic inflammation and presence of risk factors for vascular disease. Methods and Results— Forty-one subjects underwent vascular PET/computed tomography imaging with FDG. All had either vascular disease or multiple risk factors. Forty subjects underwent carotid imaging, 27 subjects underwent aortic, 24 subjects iliac, and 13 subjects femoral imaging. Thirty-three subjects had a panel of biomarkers analyzed. We found strong associations between FDG uptake in neighboring arteries (left versus right carotid, r =0.91, P .001 ascending aorta versus aortic arch, r =0.88, P .001). Calcification and inflammation rarely overlapped within arteries (carotid artery FDG uptake versus calcium score, r =−0.42, P =0.03). Carotid artery FDG uptake was greater in those with a history of coronary artery disease (target-to-background ratio, 1.83 versus 1.61, P .01) and in males versus females (target-to-background ratio, 1.83 versus 1.63, P .05). Similar findings were also noted in the aorta and iliac arteries. Subjects with the highest levels of FDG uptake also had the greatest concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers (descending aorta target-to-background ratio versus matrix metalloproteinase 3, r =0.53, P =0.01 carotid target-to-background ratio versus matrix metalloproteinase 9, r =0.50, P =0.01). Nonsignificant positive trends were seen between FDG uptake and levels of interleukin-18, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein. Finally, we found that the atheroprotective biomarker adiponectin was negatively correlated with the degree of arterial inflammation in the descending aorta ( r =−0.49, P =0.03). Conclusions— This study shows that FDG PET imaging can increase our knowledge of how atherosclerotic plaque inflammation relates to calcification, serum biomarkers, and vascular risk factors. Plaque inflammation and calcification rarely overlap, supporting the theory that calcification represents a late, burnt-out stage of atherosclerosis. Inflammation in one arterial territory is associated with inflammation elsewhere, and the degree of local arterial inflammation is reflected in the blood levels of several circulating biomarkers. We suggest that FDG PET imaging could be used as a surrogate marker of both atherosclerotic disease activity and drug effectiveness. Prospective, event-driven studies are now underway to determine the role of this technique in clinical risk prediction.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance parameters of atherosclerotic plaque burden improve discrimination of prior major adverse cardiovascular events
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-04-2009
β3 adrenergic receptor selective stimulation during ischemia/reperfusion improves cardiac function in translational models through inhibition of mPTP opening in cardiomyocytes
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-06-2014
DOI: 10.1007/S00395-014-0422-0
Abstract: Selective stimulation of β3 adrenergic-receptor (β3AR) has been shown to reduce infarct size in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. However, its functional long-term effect and the cardioprotective mechanisms at the level of cardiomyocytes have not been elucidated, and the impact of β3AR stimulation has not been evaluated in a more translational large animal model. This study aimed at evaluating pre-perfusion administration of BRL37344 both in small and large animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. Pre-reperfusion administration of the β3AR agonist BRL37344 (5 μg/kg) reduced infarct size at 2-and 24-h reperfusion in wild-type mice. Long-term (12-weeks) left ventricular (LV) function assessed by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) was significantly improved in β3AR agonist-treated mice. Incubation with β3AR agonist (BRL37344, 7 μmol/L) significantly reduced cell death in isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes during hypoxia/reoxygenation and decreased susceptibility to deleterious opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), via a mechanism dependent on the Akt-NO signaling pathway. Pre-reperfusion BRL37344 administration had no effect on infarct size in cyclophilin-D KO mice, further implicating mPTP in the mechanism of protection. Large-white pigs underwent percutaneous coronary ischemia/reperfusion and 3-T CMR at 7 and 45 days post-infarction. Pre-perfusion administration of BRL37344 (5 μg/kg) decreased infarct size and improved long-term LV contractile function. A single-dose administration of β3AR agonist before reperfusion decreased infarct size and resulted in a consistent and long-term improvement in cardiac function, both in small and large animal models of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion. This protection appears to be executed through inhibition of mPTP opening in cardiomyocytes.
Cross-sectional, prospective study of MRI reproducibility in the assessment of plaque burden of the carotid arteries and aorta
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-01-2009
Rationale and design of dal-PLAQUE: A study assessing efficacy and safety of dalcetrapib on progression or regression of atherosclerosis using magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose pos
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2011
Statin Therapy Alone and in Combination with an Acyl-CoA:Cholesterol <i>O</i>-Acyltransferase Inhibitor on Experimental Atherosclerosis
Publisher: S. Karger AG
Date: 2007
DOI: 10.1159/000112634
Abstract: The ability to modify the enzymatic processes involved in promoting atherosclerotic plaque disruption and to serially monitor atherosclerotic evolution could provide novel information in the management of patients with atherosclerosis. We studied the effects of a statin (atorvastatin) and its combination with an acyl-CoA:cholesterol i O /i -acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor (avasimibe) on atherosclerotic regression and plaque stability as measured by matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 3 (MMP-1 and MMP-3) levels. Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits treated with atorvastatin alone experienced an attenuated increase in atherosclerotic burden versus controls as determined by MR imaging. The mean vessel wall area (VWA) prior to drug therapy was 5.57 ± 0.01 mm sup /sup . The VWA increased to 6.71 ± 0.03 and 7.16 ± 0.03 mm sup /sup , respectively, in atorvastatin-treated and control groups (p 0.0001 for both). The combination of atorvastatin and avasimibe induced a significant regression of the previously established atherosclerotic lesions, with the VWA decreasing to 4.54 ± 0.04 mm sup /sup (p = 0.009). Atorvastatin alone induced a nonsignificant reduction in the percent staining of MMP-1 in atherosclerotic lesions, but the combination treatment with avasimibe led to a significant reduction versus controls (p = 0.005). However, a reduction in MMP-3 staining was significant for rabbits treated with both atorvastatin alone (p = 0.007) and in combination with avasimibe (p = 0.04) versus controls. In this animal model, the addition of avasimibe to atorvastatin has beneficial effects on both atherosclerotic plaque regression and stabilization.
The MOGE(S) Classification for a Phenotype–Genotype Nomenclature of Cardiomyopathy: Endorsed by the World Heart Federation
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 12-2013
Rapid screening for subclinical atherosclerosis by carotid ultrasound examination: The happy (Heart Attack Prevention Program for You) substudy
Publisher: Ubiquity Press, Ltd.
Date: 06-2013
DOI: 10.1016/J.GHEART.2013.05.001
Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related death rates have been escalating in emerging economies such as India. A strategy to initiate prophylactic medical intervention by direct identification of subclinical atherosclerotic burden may be appropriate in rural populations where assessment based on traditional risk factors is not available. This study sought to investigate the feasibility of performing rapid automated carotid ultrasound studies in a rural setting and to measure the prevalence of carotid plaques and age-specific distribution of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) as an index of subclinical atherosclerosis. Screening of the extracranial carotid system with automated B-mode ultrasound was performed along with health questionnaire assessments in 771 asymptomatic volunteers (ages 40 ± 14 years 626 men and 145 women) with no known CVD. Measurements of IMT were recorded as the mean of 24 spatial measurements performed over a 1-cm region in the far wall of the common carotid artery at end diastole the prevalence of the plaque (focal IMT >1.5 mm) was determined. A total of 69 (8.9%) subjects had atherosclerotic plaques. Of these, 16 (2.1%) exhibited bilateral plaques, 28 (3.6%) left carotid plaque only, and 25 (3.2%) had right carotid plaques. Patients even under 50 years showed a high prevalence of carotid plaques (7%), which increased with age (25% and 35% for 51 to 70 and >70 years, respectively). Only 3 (4.3%) participants with plaques were former smokers. Global mean IMT was 0.55 ± 0.13 mm and correlated with age for both left and right carotid arteries (r = 0.61 and 0.60, p < 0.001 for both) in male as well as female subjects (r = 0.70 and 0.67, p < 0.001 for both), respectively. Rapid community screening for subclinical atherosclerosis is feasible with automated carotid ultrasound examination and may be beneficial in rural communities of industrializing nations where traditional CVD risk factor data are not yet readily available.
The complementary roles of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT for imaging of carotid atherosclerosis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 14-08-2013
Related Organisations
Fundación Centro Nacional De Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III
Location: Spain
Related Funding Activities
No related grants have been discovered for Valentin Fuster.