nicolas fanin

Consistent effects of biodiversity loss on multifunctionality across contrasting ecosystems.

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Date: 18-12-2018

DOI: 10.1038/S41559-017-0415-0

Abstract: Understanding how loss of bio ersity affects ecosystem functioning, and thus the delivery of ecosystem goods and services, has become increasingly necessary in a changing world. Considerable recent attention has focused on predicting how bio ersity loss simultaneously impacts multiple ecosystem functions (that is, ecosystem multifunctionality), but the ways in which these effects vary across ecosystems remain unclear. Here, we report the results of two 19-year plant ersity manipulation experiments, each established across a strong environmental gradient. Although the effects of plant and associated fungal ersity loss on in idual functions frequently differed among ecosystems, the consequences of bio ersity loss for multifunctionality were relatively invariant. However, the context-dependency of bio ersity effects also worked in opposing directions for different in idual functions, meaning that similar multifunctionality values across contrasting ecosystems could potentially mask important differences in the effects of bio ersity on functioning among ecosystems. Our findings highlight that an understanding of the relative contribution of species or functional groups to in idual ecosystem functions among contrasting ecosystems and their interactions (that is, complementarity versus competition) is critical for guiding management efforts aimed at maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality and the delivery of multiple ecosystem services.

Effects of plant functional group removal on structure and function of soil communities across contrasting ecosystems

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 07-04-2019

DOI: 10.1111/ELE.13266

Abstract: Loss of plant ersity has an impact on ecosystems worldwide, but we lack a mechanistic understanding of how this loss may influence below-ground biota and ecosystem functions across contrasting ecosystems in the long term. We used the longest running bio ersity manipulation experiment across contrasting ecosystems in existence to explore the below-ground consequences of 19 years of plant functional group removals for each of 30 contrasting forested lake islands in northern Sweden. We found that, against expectations, the effects of plant removals on the communities of key groups of soil organisms (bacteria, fungi and nematodes), and organic matter quality and soil ecosystem functioning (decomposition and microbial activity) were relatively similar among islands that varied greatly in productivity and soil fertility. This highlights that, in contrast to what has been shown for plant productivity, plant bio ersity loss effects on below-ground functions can be relatively insensitive to environmental context or variation among widely contrasting ecosystems.

The ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacterial PLFA markers as an indicator of carbon availability in organic soils

Publisher: Elsevier BV

Date: 2019

DOI: 10.1016/J.SOILBIO.2018.10.010

Global maps of soil temperature.

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 11-02-2022

DOI: 10.1111/GCB.16060

Abstract: Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km

Ericoid shrubs shape fungal communities and suppress organic matter decomposition in boreal forests.

Publisher: Wiley

Date: 21-07-2022

DOI: 10.1111/NPH.18353

Abstract: Mycorrhizal fungi associated with boreal trees and ericaceous shrubs are central actors in organic matter (OM) accumulation through their belowground carbon allocation, their potential capacity to mine organic matter for nitrogen (N) and their ability to suppress saprotrophs. Yet, interactions between co-occurring ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF), ericoid mycorrhizal fungi (ERI), and saprotrophs are poorly understood. We used a long-term (19 yr) plant functional group manipulation experiment with removals of tree roots, ericaceous shrubs and mosses and analysed the responses of different fungal guilds (assessed by metabarcoding) and their interactions in relation to OM quality (assessed by mid-infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance) and decomposition (litter mesh-bags) across a 5000-yr post-fire boreal forest chronosequence. We found that the removal of ericaceous shrubs and associated ERI changed the composition of EMF communities, with larger effects occurring at earlier stages of the chronosequence. Removal of shrubs was associated with enhanced N availability, litter decomposition and enrichment of the recalcitrant OM fraction. We conclude that increasing abundance of slow-growing ericaceous shrubs and the associated fungi contributes to increasing nutrient limitation, impaired decomposition and progressive OM accumulation in boreal forests, particularly towards later successional stages. These results are indicative of the contrasting roles of EMF and ERI in regulating belowground OM storage.

Swedish University Of Agricultural Sciences

Location: Sweden

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INRA Centre De Lille

Location: France

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CNRS Délégation Languedoc-Roussillon

Location: France

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INRA Centre De Bordeaux-Aquitaine

Location: France

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Discovery Projects - Grant ID: DP210100115

Start Date: 2021

End Date: 06-2025

Amount: $399,000.00

Funder: Australian Research Council