ORCID Profile
0000-0003-4931-7650
Current Organisations
Beijing Enery Research Institute
,
Beijing Institute of Technology
,
Tomas Bata University in Zlín
,
University of Iceland
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Research Topics
In Research Link Australia (RLA), "Research Topics" refer to ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes. These topics are either sourced from ANZSRC FOR and SEO codes listed in researchers' related grants or generated by a large language model (LLM) based on their publications.
Top 5 Research Topics
ANZSRC Field of Research (FoR)
Building Science and Techniques | Building | Heat and Mass Transfer Operations
ANZSRC Socio-Economic Objective (SEO)
Residential Energy Conservation and Efficiency | Air Safety | Building Management and Services not elsewhere classified |
Related Links
Publications
Editorial: Emerging Sustainable and Energy-Efficient Technologies in Heat Pumps for Residential Heating
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 15-03-2022
Development of a superheat controller for mitigating hunting in a direct expansion air conditioning system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Cesarean birth, obstetric emergencies, and adverse neonatal outcomes in Iceland during a period of increasing labor induction
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-06-2021
DOI: 10.1111/BIRT.12564
Abstract: The rate of labor induction has risen steeply throughout the world. This project aimed to estimate changes in the rates of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in Iceland between 1997 and 2018, and to assess whether the changes can be explained by an increased rate of labor induction. Singleton live births, occurring between 1997 and 2018, that did not start by prelabor cesarean, were identified from the Icelandic Medical Birth Register (n = 85 971). Rates of intrapartum cesarean birth (CB), obstetric emergencies, and neonatal outcomes were calculated, and adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with log‐binomial regression (reference: 1997‐2001). Adjustments were made for: (a) maternal characteristics, and (b) labor induction and gestational age. The rate of labor induction increased from 13.6% in the period 1997‐2001 to 28.1% in the period 2014‐2018. The rate of intrapartum CB decreased between the periods of 1997‐2001 and 2014‐2018 for both primiparous (aRR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.69 to 0.84) and multiparous women (aRR 0.55, 95% CI: 0.49 to 0.63). The rate of obstetric emergencies and adverse neonatal outcomes also decreased between these time periods. Adjusting for labor induction did not attenuate these associations. The rates of adverse maternal outcomes and adverse neonatal outcomes decreased over the study period. However, there was no evidence that this decrease could be explained by the increased rate of labor induction.
An experimental study on the heat transfer performance of a loop heat pipe system with ethanol-water mixture as working fluid for aircraft anti-icing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2019
Experimental study on frost unevenly distributed and melted frost downwards flowing during defrosting for ASHPs
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Thermal stability of organic binary PCMs for energy storage
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Effects of Receiver Parameters on Solar Flux Distribution for Triangle Cavity Receiver in the Fixed Linear-Focus Fresnel Lens Solar Concentrator
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 29-05-2021
DOI: 10.3390/SU13116139
Abstract: The objective of the study is to investigate and optimize the solar flux uniformity of a fixed linear-focus Fresnel lens solar concentrator using a triangle cavity receiver. The effects of receiver parameters including the vertical distance from the cavity opening plane to the Fresnel lens f, receiver internal surface absorptivity αab, end reflection plane reflectivity ρr, solar declination angle δ and solar angle ω on the uniformity factor (UF) of a triangle cavity receiver were carried out. The effects of receiver parameters are evaluated with a significance test of critical factors. The results showed that the increase in f and δ would result in an increase in the UF. The average UF with f = 600, 625, 650, 675 and 700 mm, respectively, are 0.5030, 0.5858, 0.6337, 0.6576 and 0.6784 for ω in range of 0–60°. Moreover, the UF increases as αab decreases when other receiver parameters are constant for the δ of 0–8°. The ρr has a limited effect on the UF until δ becomes relatively larger and ω becomes relatively smaller. Furthermore, ω effects are most significant on the UF, followed by δ, f and αab. Setting a suitable f is the most economical and effective way to improve the UF.
Heating and energy storage characteristics of multi-split air source heat pump based on energy storage defrosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
An experimental study on the negative effects of downwards flow of the melted frost over a multi-circuit outdoor coil in an air source heat pump during reverse cycle defrosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2015
Genetic variation of ESR1 and its co-activator PPARGC1B is synergistic in augmenting the risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-01-2011
DOI: 10.1186/BCR2817
Dietary patterns in adolescence and risk of colorectal cancer: a population-based study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-11-2021
DOI: 10.1007/S10552-021-01524-Z
Abstract: To study whether dietary patterns in adolescence are associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Food frequency data were obtained from the AGES-Reykjavik study, conducted between 2002 and 2006, which included 5,078 (58% women) participants with mean age of 77 (± 5.8) years. Principal component analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Participants were followed through linkage to the Icelandic Cancer Registry. Multivariable Cox models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) of CRC and 95% confidence interval (CI) by dietary patterns. During the follow-up period (mean 8.2 years), 136 participants (75 women and 61 men) were diagnosed with CRC. The main dietary pattern in adolescence was characterized by high intake of traditional food items consumed in the earlier half of the twentieth century, namely, salted or smoked meat and fish, milk, offal, rye bread, and oatmeal. Compared to the lowest tertile, the middle tertile of this pattern was associated with increased risk of CRC (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.04-2.57), while the highest tertile was not statistically associated with CRC (HR 1.48, 95% CI 0.93-2.37), except among women (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.11-3.84). These data suggest that strong adherence to a traditional Icelandic diet in adolescence might increase the risk of CRC, particularly among women. More research is need on the association between food items and dietary patterns of relevance to CRC at different points in the life cycle.
A semi-empirical modeling study on the defrosting performance for an air source heat pump unit with local drainage of melted frost from its three-circuit outdoor coil
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2014
An advanced thermal control technique for aircraft anti-icing/de-icing based on loop heat pipes
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2020
Numerical investigations on the effects of envelope thermal loads on energy utilization potential and thermal non-uniformity in sleeping environments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2017
Energetic, economic and environmental analysis of air source transcritical CO2 heat pump system for residential heating in China
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Numerical simulation on heating performances of a radiant-convective heating terminal
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2021
An Experimental Study on Performance During Reverse Cycle Defrosting of an Air Source Heat Pump with a Horizontal Three-circuit Outdoor Coil
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2014
Robust and general predictive models for condensation heat transfer inside conventional and mini/micro channel heat exchangers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2022
Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping of CHEK2: Common Variation and Breast Cancer Risk
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 09-05-2006
Discovering Complex Knowledge in Massive Building Operational Data Using Graph Mining for Building Energy Management
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Menopausal hormone therapy in relation to breast cancer characteristics and prognosis: a cohort study.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 19-09-2008
DOI: 10.1186/BCR2145
Experimental Study on R245fa Condensation Heat Transfer in Horizontal Smooth Tube and Enhanced Tube
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Experimental investigation on drying performance of an existed enclosed fixed frequency air source heat pump drying system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Experimental investigation on the heat transfer characteristics of novel rectangle radial microchannel heat exchangers in two-phase flow cooling system for data centers
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 06-12-2019
Antidiabetic medication use during pregnancy: an international utilization study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 11-2019
DOI: 10.1136/BMJDRC-2019-000759
Abstract: Diabetes in pregnancy and consequently the need for treatment with antidiabetic medication (ADM) has become increasingly prevalent. The prevalence and patterns of use of ADM in pregnancy from 2006 onward in seven different countries was assessed. Data sources included in idually linked data from the nationwide health registers in Denmark (2006–2016), Finland (2006–2016), Iceland (2006–2012), Norway (2006–2015), Sweden (2006–2015), state-wide administrative and claims data for New South Wales, Australia (2006–2012) and two US insurance databases: Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX 2006–2012, public) and IBM MarketScan (2012–2015, private). The prevalence of ADM use was calculated as the proportion of pregnancies with at least one filled prescription of an ADM in the 90 days before pregnancy or within the three trimesters of pregnancy. Prevalence of any ADM use in 5 279 231 pregnancies was 3% (n=147 999) and varied from under 2% (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden) to above 5% (Australia and US). Insulin was the most used ADM, and metformin was the most used oral hypoglycemic agent with increasing use over time in all countries. In 11.4%–62.5% of pregnancies with prepregnancy use, ADM (primarily metformin) was discontinued. When ADM treatment was initiated in late pregnancy for treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus, insulin was most often dispensed, except in the US, where glibenclamide was most often used. Prevalence and patterns of use of ADM classes varied between countries and over time. While insulin remained the most common ADM used in pregnancy, metformin use increased significantly over the study period.
General correlation for frost thermal conductivity on parallel surface channels
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
An experimental study on the uneven refrigerant distribution over a vertically installed multi-circuit outdoor coil in an air source heat pump unit during reverse cycle defrosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2015
Heat transfer characteristics of micron ultrathin shear-driven water film flowing on a horizontal metal surface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2020
A modeling study of spatial and temporal frost growth on the edge of windward fins for a tube-finned heat exchanger
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
β-Blocker Use in Pregnancy and the Risk for Congenital Malformations
Publisher: American College of Physicians
Date: 16-10-2018
DOI: 10.7326/M18-0338
Experimental investigation on an air source heat pump unit with a three-circuit outdoor coil for its reverse cycle defrosting termination temperature
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Machine learning based models to predict frost characteristics on cryogenic surfaces under forced convection conditions
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Computational fluid dynamics analysis of convective heat transfer coefficients for a sleeping human body
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Improving the frosting and defrosting performance of air source heat pump units: review and outlook
Publisher: The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers
Date: 03-04-2017
Numerical investigation on impingement dynamics and freezing performance of micrometer-sized water droplet on dry flat surface in supercooled environment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
An experimental study on the effect of horizontal cold plate surface temperature on frosting characteristics under natural convection
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
Numerical Gridding Stability Charts Estimation using Quasi-polynomial Approximation for TDS
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 06-2021
The Smoking MUMS (Maternal Use of Medications and Safety) study: Protocol for a population-based cohort study using linked administrative data
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 09-2013
Review on improvement for air source heat pump units during frosting and defrosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Cancer incidence and mortality trends in Australian adolescents and young adult, 1982-2007
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 20-04-2012
Regular Primary Care Plays a Significant Role in Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Heart Disease in a Western Australian Cohort
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-02-2011
ESR1 and EGFgenetic variation in relation to breast cancer risk and survival
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2008
DOI: 10.1186/BCR1861
A modeling study on the revere cycle defrosting of an air source heat pump with the melted frost downwards flowing away and local drainage
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Techno-economic analysis on frosting/defrosting operations for an air source heat pump unit with an optimized multi-circuit outdoor coil
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
A numerical study on non-uniform characteristics of spray falling heat transfer over horizontal tubes in an oily sewage source heat pump
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Comprehensive analysis of the ATM, CHEK2 and ERBB2genes in relation to breast tumour characteristics and survival: a population-based case-control and follow-up study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-11-2006
DOI: 10.1186/BCR1623
An experimental study on the frosting characteristic and performance of a micro-channel evaporator in an air source heat pump unit
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
Experimental performance analysis and evaluation of a novel frost-free air source heat pump system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
The Effect of Maternal Age on Obstetric Interventions in a Low-Risk Population
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-2018
DOI: 10.1111/JMWH.12888
Abstract: Obstetric interventions appear to increase with advancing maternal age, but limited supporting evidence exists, particularly for young women and specifically for prelabor and intrapartum cesarean birth. The aim of this study was to explore the association between obstetric interventions and maternal age in a low-risk population. The study was restricted to all low-risk, nulliparous women with singleton, vertex, term births who gave birth in Iceland from 1997 to 2015, identified in the Icelandic Medical Birth Registry. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs for the risks of labor induction, instrumental birth, and cesarean birth (prelabor and intrapartum), according to maternal age group. All models were adjusted for gestational age, year of birth, and demographic factors, and the models for intrapartum cesarean birth were also adjusted for dystocia and fetal distress. For women aged more than 40 years, the aOR for induction of labor was 4.69 (95% CI, 3.2-6.8) compared with women aged between 25 and 29 years. In women aged more than 40 years, the increased risks for prelabor cesarean birth and intrapartum cesarean birth were 7.4 (95% CI, 3.0-18.0) and 3.6 (95% CI, 2.1-6.0), respectively. The risk of instrumental birth was slightly increased for women aged between 35 and 39 years (aOR, 1.6 95% CI, 1.3-2.0), compared with women aged between 25 and 29 years, but not for women aged at least 40 years (aOR, 1.1 95% CI, 0.7-1.9). For women aged less than 20 years, the risk of induction of labor (aOR, 0.8 95% CI, 0.7-0.9) and instrumental births (aOR, 0.6 95% CI, 0.5-0.7) was reduced compared with women aged between 25 and 29 years. The risk of interventions generally increased with increasing maternal age, but the risk of instrumental births was not increased for women aged over 40 years. Also, young women were at a decreased risk of induction of labor and instrumental births.
Challenges in migrant women’s maternity care in a high‐income country: A population‐based cohort study of maternal and perinatal outcomes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 17-06-2021
DOI: 10.1111/AOGS.14186
Abstract: This study aims to explore maternal and perinatal outcomes of migrant women in Iceland. This prospective population‐based cohort study included women who gave birth to a singleton in Iceland between 1997 and 2018, comprising a total of 92 403 births. Migrant women were defined as women with citizenship other than Icelandic, including refugees and asylum seekers, and categorized into three groups, based on their country of citizenship Human Development Index score. The effect of country of citizenship was estimated. The main outcome measures were onset of labor, augmentation, epidural, perineum support, episiotomy, mode of birth, obstetric anal sphincter injury, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm birth, a 5‐minute Apgar , neonatal intensive care unit admission and perinatal mortality. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for maternal and perinatal outcomes were calculated using logistic regression models. A total of 8158 migrant women gave birth during the study period: 4401 primiparous and 3757 multiparous. Overall, migrant women had higher adjusted ORs (aORs) for episiotomy (primiparas: aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.26–1.61 multiparas: 1.39, 95% CI 1.21–1.60) and instrumental births (primiparas: 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.27, multiparas: 1.41, 95% CI 1.16–1.72) and lower aORs of induction of labor (primiparas: 0.88, 95% CI 0.79–0.98 multiparas: 0.74, 95% CI 0.66–0.83), compared with Icelandic women. Migrant women from countries with a high Human Development Index score (≥0.900) had similar or better outcomes compared with Icelandic women, whereas migrant women from countries with a lower Human Development Index score than that of Iceland ( .900) had additionally increased odds of maternal and perinatal complications and interventions, such as emergency cesarean and postpartum hemorrhage. Women’s citizenship and country of citizenship Human Development Index scores are significantly associated with a range of maternal and perinatal complications and interventions, such as episiotomy and instrumental birth. The results indicate the need for further exploration of whether Icelandic perinatal healthcare services meet the care needs of migrant women.
Modification and Characterization of Interfacial Bonding for Thermal Management of Ruthenium Interconnects in Next-Generation Very-Large-Scale Integration Circuits
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 31-01-2022
Abstract: Ruthenium may replace copper interconnects in next-generation very-large-scale integration (VLSI) circuits. However, interfacial bonding between Ru interconnect wires and surrounding dielectrics must be optimized to reduce thermal boundary resistance (TBR) for thermal management. In this study, various adhesion layers are employed to modify bonding at the Ru/SiO
Pelvic organ prolapse surgery in Western Australia: a population-based analysis of trends and peri-operative complications
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 26-06-2013
DOI: 10.1007/S00192-013-2149-0
Abstract: We previously described a declining rate of surgery in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in Western Australia. This paper builds on previous work by examining temporal trends and the post-operative risk of in-hospital complications, following first time incident prolapse surgery in a population-based cohort of women. We investigated rates of prolapse surgery between 1988 and 2005 according to age group and concomitant procedure type for 34,509 women whose data were extracted from the WA Data Linkage System. We investigated changes over time in the demographic characteristics of women undergoing surgery and whether the presence of selected concomitant procedures increased the risk of in-hospital complications. During the study period, 34,509 women underwent an incident surgery for POP. Concomitant hysterectomy was performed in more than half of all surgeries (52.4 %) and a concomitant urinary incontinence (UI) surgery was noted in 25.8 %. 10.9 % of patients experienced a complication of interest, with the highest percentage of complications recorded in women who underwent multi-concomitant surgery. After controlling for age, comorbidity and time period we found that concomitant UI surgery increases in-hospital complications (OR 1.61 95 % CI 1.42-1.83) only in women who have a repair procedure (colporrhaphy and/or enterocele repair). There was no significant effect of concomitant procedures in women who underwent a combined repair and apical prolapse procedure. Surgery to treat prolapse is common, has low mortality and concomitant surgery only increases complications when combined with simpler prolapse surgery.
Challenges in, and the development of, building energy saving techniques, illustrated with the example of an air source heat pump
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Experimental investigation on thermal characteristics of transcritical CO2 heat pump unit combined with thermal energy storage for residential heating
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2020
Association of Gestational Age at Birth with Reasons for Subsequent Hospitalisation: 18 Years of Follow-Up in a Western Australian Population Study
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 26-06-2015
Modeling study on sessile water droplet during freezing with the consideration of gravity, supercooling, and volume expansion effects
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
A graph mining-based methodology for discovering and visualizing high-level knowledge for building energy management
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
A solar-heat-driven ejector-assisted combined compression cooling system for multistory building – Application potential and effects of floor numbers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
The Robson 10-group classification in Iceland: Obstetric interventions and outcomes
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 09-01-2019
DOI: 10.1111/BIRT.12415
Abstract: Rising cesarean rates call for studies on which subgroups of women contribute to the rising rates, both in countries with high and low rates. This study investigated the cesarean rates and contributing groups in Iceland using the Robson 10-group classification system. This study included all births in Iceland from 1997 to 2015, identified from the Icelandic Medical Birth Registry (81 839). The Robson distribution, cesarean rate, and contribution of each Robson group were analyzed for each year, and the distribution of other outcomes was calculated for each Robson group. The overall cesarean rate in the population was 16.4%. Robson groups 1 (28.7%) and 3 (38.0%) (spontaneous term births) were the largest groups, and groups 2b (0.4%) and 4b (0.7%) (prelabor cesareans) were small. The cesarean rate in group 5 (prior cesarean) was 55.5%. Group 5 was the largest contributing group to the overall cesarean rate (31.2%), followed by groups 1 (17.1%) and 2a (11.0%). The size of groups 2a (RR 1.04 [95% CI 1.01-1.08]) and 4a (RR 1.04 [95% CI 1.01-1.07]) (induced labors) increased over time, whereas their cesarean rates were stable (group 2a: P = 0.08) or decreased (group 4a: RR 0.95 [95% CI 0.91-0.98]). In comparison with countries with high cesarean rates, the prelabor cesarean groups (singleton term pregnancies) in Iceland were small, and in women with a previous cesarean, the cesarean rate was low. The size of the labor induction group increased, yet the cesarean rate in this group did not increase.
Effect of the nozzle arrangement of atomization equipment in icing cloud simulation system on the velocity field of water droplets and liquid water content distribution
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Temporal and spatial frost growth prediction of a tube-finned heat exchanger considering frost distribution characteristics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2022
Preface
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 02-2021
Effects of receiver parameters on the optical efficiency of a fixed linear-focus Fresnel lens solar system with sliding adjustment
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2021
Analysis on the effects of China's fiscal and taxation policy on exporting products of photovoltaic and high-end equipment manufacturing industries
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 2018
DOI: 10.1063/1.5003232
Abstract: China's fiscal and taxation subsidy policy plays a positive role in promoting the international market development of emerging industries, which also brought about many problems. In this paper, countries with large overseas investment from China and those along the “One Belt One Road” project were specially selected and ided into different types of international markets according to parameters of political risk, relations with China, geographical locations, etc. The computable general equilibrium model was then used to analyze the change in the export volume to different types of countries influenced by the change in export tax rebate ratios and research and development (R& D) subsidies. Simulation results showed that the change in export tax rebate policy has a greater impact on the photovoltaic industry and a relatively low impact on the high-end equipment manufacturing industry. The change in the export tax rebate rate has different effects on the export volume of countries in different regions and has the greatest effect on the high risk region and the partnership region. Additionally, R& D subsidy has different effects on the export volume of countries in different regions and has the greatest effect on the low risk region and the poorer relation region. Therefore, suitable subsidy policy should be decided, based on the characteristics of foreign markets in different regions. Contributions of this study are expected to be used in governmental policy designing and company development strategy optimization.
Parameter identification of a delayed infinite-dimensional heat-exchanger process based on relay feedback and root loci analysis
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 03-06-2022
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-022-13182-5
Abstract: The focus of this contribution is twofold. The first part aims at the rigorous and complete analysis of pole loci of a simple delayed model, the characteristic function of which is represented by a quasi-polynomial with a non-delay and a delay parameter. The derived spectrum constitutes an infinite set, making it a suitable and simple-enough representative of even high-order process dynamics. The second part intends to apply the simple infinite-dimensional model for relay-based parameter identification of a more complex model of a heating–cooling process with heat exchangers. Processes of this type and construction are widely used in industry. The identification procedure has two substantial steps. The first one adopts the simple model with a low computational effort using the saturated relay that provides a more accurate estimation than the standard on/off test. Then, this result is transformed to the estimation of the initial characteristic equation parameters of the complex infinite-dimensional heat-exchanger model using the exact dominant-pole-loci assignment. The benefit of this technique is that multiple model parameters can be estimated under a single relay test. The second step attempts to estimate the remaining model parameters by various numerical optimization techniques and also to enhance all model parameters via the Autotune Variation Plus relay experiment for comparison. Although the obtained unordinary time and frequency domain responses may yield satisfactory results for control tasks, the identified model parameters may not reflect the actual values of process physical quantities.
Evaluation of transcritical CO2 heat pump system integrated with mechanical subcooling by utilizing energy, exergy and economic methodologies for residential heating
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2019
Changes in caesarean delivery rates in Western Australia from 1995 to 2010 by gestational age at birth
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 25-06-2015
DOI: 10.1111/PPE.12202
Abstract: The caesarean delivery rate in the developed world has been increasing. It is not well understood how caesarean delivery rates have changed by gestational age at birth in Western Australia, particularly in relation to the introduction of the early-term delivery guidelines in Australia in 2006. Data from the Western Australian Midwives Notification System were used to identify 193,136 singletons born to primiparous women at 34-42 weeks' gestation during 1995-2010. Caesarean delivery rates were calculated by gestational age group (34-36 weeks, 37-38 weeks, and 39-42 weeks) and stratified into pre-labour and in-labour caesarean delivery. The average annual percent change (AAPC) for the caesarean delivery rates was calculated using joinpoint regression. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate the risk of having a caesarean delivery while adjusting for maternal and antenatal factors. Caesarean delivery rates rose steadily from 1995 to 2005 (AAPC = 5.9%, [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.9, 6.9]), but stabilised since then (AAPC = 0.9%, [95% CI -1.9, 3.8]). The rate of in-labour caesarean deliveries rose consistently from 1995 to 2010 across all gestational age groups. The pre-labour caesarean delivery rate rise was most dominant at 37-38 weeks' gestation from 1995 to 2005 (AAPC = 6.8%, [95% CI 5.4, 8.2]), but declined during 2006-10 (AAPC = -4.5, [95% CI -6.7, -2.3]), while at the same time the rate at 39-42 weeks rose slightly. The rise in pre-labour caesarean deliveries during 1995-2005 occurred predominantly at 37-38 weeks' gestation, but declined again from 2006 to 2010. This suggests that the recently developed Australian early-term delivery guidelines may have had some success in reducing early-term deliveries in Western Australia.
Model predictive control applied toward the building indoor climate
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2020
The optimal charge of carbon dioxide in water–water heat pump systems with and without an internal heat exchanger
Publisher: The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers
Date: 03-04-2017
Surface free energy analysis for stable supercooling of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate with microcosmic-visualized methods
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Changes in maximum parental leave payment in Iceland and total fertility rates
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Date: 13-07-2023
DOI: 10.1177/14034948211029059
Abstract: Following the 2008 financial crisis, the Icelandic Government reduced the maximum parental payment until 2016, when it was increased again. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the changes in the maximum parental leave payment in Iceland during 2009 and 2016 on total fertility rates and birth rates during 2002–2019. Publicly available aggregated data on yearly total fertility rates, birth rates, unemployment rates, gross domestic product (GDP) and maximum parental leave payments were obtained for 2002–2019. Segmented regression analyses were used to measure the impact of changes in parental leave payment on term births for the two periods in which changes were implemented (2008–2010 and 2016–2017). The decrease in maximum parental leave payment during 2008–2010 was associated with a 15% decrease in the estimated total fertility rate compared with the expected rate (−15.7% 95% CI −22.7 to −8.7), whereas the increased payments during 2016–2017 indicated a possible 3% increase in the estimated total fertility rate (3.2% 95% CI −29.1 to 35.5). Neither adjustment for the unemployment rate nor the GDP appeared to affect these results. The overall birth rate followed a similar trend and was most pronounced for women aged 25–34 years. These results suggest that total fertility rates in Iceland may have been affected by changes in the maximum parental leave payment that occurred in 2009 and 2016, although the effect of the 2008 financial crisis cannot be excluded despite adjustment for the unemployment rate and GDP.
The effect of the 2008 recession on well-being and employment status of people with and without mental health problems
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 04-12-2019
Abstract: The world was hit hard by the 2008 recession which led to increased unemployment and financial strain. However, how the recession affected people with pre-existing mental health problems has been understudied. This study investigates the effect of the 2008 recession in Iceland on stress, well-being and employment status of people with regard to whether they are suffering from mental health problems. The study cohort included participants (18–69 years old) of the ‘Health and Wellbeing of Icelanders’, a 3-wave survey conducted before (in 2007) and after (in 2009 and 2012) the recession in 2008. Self-assessed well-being was measured with the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale and the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale. Logistic regression was used to assess the effect of the 2008 recession on self-assessed well-being and employment status in 2009 and 2012, using 2007 as a reference year. Participants with no pre-recession mental health problems were at increased risk of both poor well-being, (with adjusted odds ratio at 1.66, in 2009 and 1.64 in 2012) and higher perceived stress, (with adjusted odds ratio at 1.48 in 2009 and 1.53 in 2012), after the recession. Interestingly, no significant change in well-being and perceived stress was observed among participants suffering from pre-recession mental health problems. Both groups had increased risk of unemployment after the recession. Results indicate that after recessions, the risk of stress and poor well-being increases only among those who do not suffer from pre-recession mental health problems.
Instability control of two-phase flow in microchannel heat exchangers
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2020
Outcomes after first percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction according to patient funding source
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 18-09-2014
Experimental study of relative humidity effect on the edge effect of frosting characteristics on a vertical cold plate surface
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2024
An autonomous hierarchical control for improving indoor comfort and energy efficiency of a direct expansion air conditioning system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Changes in preterm birth and stillbirth during COVID-19 lockdowns in 26 countries
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 27-02-2023
DOI: 10.1038/S41562-023-01522-Y
Abstract: Preterm birth (PTB) is the leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. Changes in PTB rates, ranging from −90% to +30%, were reported in many countries following early COVID-19 pandemic response measures (‘lockdowns’). It is unclear whether this variation reflects real differences in lockdown impacts, or perhaps differences in stillbirth rates and/or study designs. Here we present interrupted time series and meta-analyses using harmonized data from 52 million births in 26 countries, 18 of which had representative population-based data, with overall PTB rates ranging from 6% to 12% and stillbirth ranging from 2.5 to 10.5 per 1,000 births. We show small reductions in PTB in the first (odds ratio 0.96, 95% confidence interval 0.95–0.98, P value .0001), second (0.96, 0.92–0.99, 0.03) and third (0.97, 0.94–1.00, 0.09) months of lockdown, but not in the fourth month of lockdown (0.99, 0.96–1.01, 0.34), although there were some between-country differences after the first month. For high-income countries in this study, we did not observe an association between lockdown and stillbirths in the second (1.00, 0.88–1.14, 0.98), third (0.99, 0.88–1.12, 0.89) and fourth (1.01, 0.87–1.18, 0.86) months of lockdown, although we have imprecise estimates due to stillbirths being a relatively rare event. We did, however, find evidence of increased risk of stillbirth in the first month of lockdown in high-income countries (1.14, 1.02–1.29, 0.02) and, in Brazil, we found evidence for an association between lockdown and stillbirth in the second (1.09, 1.03–1.15, 0.002), third (1.10, 1.03–1.17, 0.003) and fourth (1.12, 1.05–1.19, .001) months of lockdown. With an estimated 14.8 million PTB annually worldwide, the modest reductions observed during early pandemic lockdowns translate into large numbers of PTB averted globally and warrant further research into causal pathways.
Simulation and Experimental Study on the Optical Performance of a Fixed-Focus Fresnel Lens Solar Concentrator Using Polar-Axis Tracking
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 10-04-2018
DOI: 10.3390/EN11040887
Experimental study on the melted frost influence on the metal energy storage during an air source heat pump defrosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2020
Numerical study on heat transfer of oily wastewater spray falling film over a horizontal tube in a sewage source heat pump
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
Numerical investigation on the performance and anti-freezing design verification of atomization equipment in an icing cloud simulation system
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 21-11-2019
Performance degradation analysis and fabrication guidance of μ-TEG from material to device
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2023
Environmental and economical analyses of transcritical CO2 heat pump combined with direct dedicated mechanical subcooling (DMS) for space heating in China
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2019
An experimental study on defrosting performance for an air source heat pump unit with a horizontally installed multi-circuit outdoor coil
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2016
Study on performance evaluation of CO2 heat pump system integrated with thermal energy storage for space heating
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
Dynamic character investigation and optimization of a novel air-source heat pump system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Termination Control Temperature Study for an Air Source Heat Pump Unit During Its Reverse Cycle Defrosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Sorption-Enhanced Steam Reforming of Glycerol for Hydrogen Production over a NiO/NiAl2O4 Catalyst and Li2ZrO3-Based Sorbent
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-11-2015
Risk factors for hormone receptor-defined breast cancer in postmenopausal women.
Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
Date: 12-2006
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0489
Abstract: The effect of classic breast cancer risk factors on hormone receptor-defined breast cancer is not fully clarified. We explored these associations in a Swedish population-based study. Postmenopausal women ages 50 to 74 years, diagnosed with invasive breast cancer during 1993 to 1995, were compared with 3,065 age frequency-matched controls. We identified 332 estrogen receptor (ER−) and progesterone receptor (PR−) negative, 286 ER+PR−, 71 ER−PR+, 1,165 ER+PR+, and 789 tumors with unknown receptor status. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Women ages ≥30 years, compared with those ages 20 to 24 years at first birth, were at an increased risk of ER+PR+ tumors (OR, 1.5 95% CI, 1.2-1.8) but not ER−PR− tumors (OR, 1.1 95% CI, 0.8-1.6). Women who gained ≥30 kg in weight during adulthood had an ∼3-fold increased relative risk of ER+PR+ tumors (OR, 2.7 95% CI, 1.9-3.8), but no risk increase of ER−PR− tumors (OR, 1.0 95% CI, 0.5-2.1), compared with women who gained & kg. Compared with never users, women who used menopausal estrogen-progestin therapy for at least 5 years were at increased risk of ER+PR+ tumors (OR, 3.0 95% CI, 2.1-4.1) but not ER−PR− tumors (OR, 1.3 95% CI, 0.7-2.5). In conclusion, other risk factors were similarly related to breast cancer regardless of receptor status, but high age at first birth, substantial weight gain in adult age, and use of menopausal estrogen-progestin therapy were more strongly related to receptor-positive breast cancer than receptor-negative breast cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006 (12):2482–8)
Effect of private insurance incentive policy reforms on trends in coronary revascularisation procedures in the private and public health sectors in Western Australia: a cohort study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 22-07-2013
Abstract: The Australian federal government introduced private health insurance incentive policy reforms in 2000 that increased the uptake of private health insurance in Australia. There is currently a lack of evidence on the effect of the policy reforms on access to cardiovascular interventions in public and private hospitals in Australia. The aim was to investigate whether the increased private health insurance uptake influenced trends in emergency and elective coronary artery revascularisation procedures (CARPs) for private and public patients. We included 34,423 incident CARPs from Western Australia during 1995-2008 in this study. Rates of emergency and elective CARPs were stratified for publicly and privately funded patients. The average annual percent change (AAPC) in trend was calculated before and after 2000 using joinpoint regression. The rate of emergency CARPs, which were predominantly percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) with stenting, increased throughout the study period for both public and private patients (AAPC=12.9%, 95% CI=5.0,22.0 and 14.1%, 95% CI=9.8,18.6, respectively) with no significant difference in trends before and after policy implementation. The rate of elective PCIs with stenting from 2000 onwards remained relatively stable for public patients (AAPC=−6.0, 95% C= −16.9,6.4), but increased by 4.1% on average annually (95% CI=1.8,6.3) for private patients (p difference =0.04 between groups). This rate increase for private patients was only seen in people aged over 65 years and people residing in high socioeconomic areas. The private health insurance incentive policy reforms are a likely contributing factor in the shift in 2000 from public to privately-funded elective PCIs with stenting. These reforms as well as the increasing number of private hospitals may have been successful in increasing the availability of publicly-funded beds since 2000.
Application of TOPSIS method in evaluating the effects of supply vane angle of a task/ambient air conditioning system on energy utilization and thermal comfort
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2016
Optical Performance Comparison of Different Shapes of Cavity Receiver in the Fixed Line-Focus Solar Concentrating System
Publisher: MDPI AG
Date: 28-01-2022
DOI: 10.3390/SU14031545
Abstract: To optimize the fixed-focus solar concentrating system (FLSCS) and linear cavity receiver of better optical performance, the effects of receiver parameters (geometric shape, receiver position f, receiver internal surface absorptivity αab, and end reflection plane reflectivity ρr) on the relative optical efficiency loss ηre-opt,loss, the maximum value of the local concentration ratio Xmax, and the non-uniformity factor σnon were studied in the present study. The results showed that the increases of sun declination angle δ in the range of 0–8° have a weak effect on the ηre-opt,loss. The ηre-opt,loss are 2.25%, 2.72%, 12.69% and 2.62%, 3.26%, 12.85%, respectively, when the solar hour angle ω is 0°, 30°, 60° as δ = 0° and 8° for linear rectangular cavity receiver. The Xmax mainly depends on the energy flux distribution of first intercepted sunlight on the cavity absorber inner wall. Increasing the distance between the cavity absorber inner wall and the focal line Δf can affect the Xmax. The smaller the Δf, the greater the Xmax, and vice versa. The changing trend of σnon is basically consistent with that of the Xmax. When the f is 600, 625, 650, 675, 700 mm and the ω = 0°, the σnon are 0.832, 0.828, 0.801, 0.747, and 0.671, respectively, for linear rectangular cavity receiver. This work could establish the foundation for further research on the optical to thermal energy conversion in the FLSCS.
The combined effect of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on the risk of pre-labour and intrapartum caesarean section—The ICE-MCH study
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 05-01-2023
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0280060
Abstract: Women who are obese before pregnancy have a higher risk of caesarean section than normal weight women. We investigated the combined effect of pre-pregnancy weight and gestational weight gain on pre-labour and intrapartum caesarean section risk. We collected data on 22,763 singleton, term, live deliveries in 2003–2014 from the Icelandic Maternal and Child Health Study (ICE-MCH), based on Icelandic registries. These were the Icelandic Medical Birth Registry and the Saga Maternal and Child Health Database. Pre-pregnancy body mass index was categorised into underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese. Gestational weight gain was classified according to the Institute of Medicine´s recommendation into below, within and above the recommended range. Logistic regression models, adjusted for maternal and gestational characteristics, were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk of caesarean section. Obese women had a higher risk of pre-labour (AOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.34–1.81) and intrapartum caesarean section (AOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.70–2.17) than normal weight women in all categories of gestational weight gain. Gestational weight gain above the recommended range, compared to within the range, increased the risk of intrapartum caesarean section among normal weight (AOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.23–1.73) and overweight women (AOR 1.291, 95% CI 1.04–1.60). Gestational weight gain below the recommended range, compared to within the range, increased the risk of pre-labour caesarean section (AOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.20–2.25), but only among overweight women. Women who are obese before pregnancy have a high risk of caesarean section regardless of gestational weight gain. However, women who are normal weight or overweight before pregnancy and gain weight above the recommended range during pregnancy may also have an increased risk of caesarean section.
Changes in obstetric interventions and preterm birth during COVID-19: A nationwide study from Iceland
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-07-2021
DOI: 10.1111/AOGS.14231
Abstract: Previous evidence has been conflicting regarding the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic lockdowns on obstetric intervention and preterm birth rates. The literature to date suggests potentially differential underlying mechanisms based on country economic setting. We aimed to study these outcomes in an Icelandic population where uniform lockdown measures were implemented across the country. The study included all singleton births ( n = 20 680) during 2016–2020 identified from the population‐based Icelandic Medical Birth Register. We defined two lockdown periods during March–May and October–December in 2020 according to government implemented nationwide lockdown. We compared monthly rates of cesarean section, induction of labor and preterm birth during lockdown with the same time periods in the 4 previous years (2016–2019) using logit binomial regression adjusted for confounders. Our results indicated a reduction in the overall cesarean section rate, which was mainly evident for elective cesarean section, both during the first (adjusted odd ratio [aOR] 0.71, 95% CI 0.51–0.99) and second (aOR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52–0.99) lockdown periods, and not for emergency cesarean section. No change during lockdown was observed in induction of labor. Our results also suggested a reduction in the overall preterm birth rate during the first lockdown (aOR 0.69, 95% CI 0.49–0.97) and in the months immediately following the lockdown (June–September) (aOR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49–0.89). The reduction during the first lockdown was mainly evident for medically indicated preterm birth (although not statistically significant) and the reduction during June–September was mainly evident for spontaneous preterm birth. This study suggested a reduction in elective cesarean section during COVID‐19 lockdown, possibly reflecting changes in prioritization of non‐urgent health care during lockdown. We also found a reduction in overall preterm birth during the first lockdown and spontaneous preterm birth following the first lockdown, but further research is needed to shed light on the underlying mechanisms for these findings.
Antipsychotic drug use in pregnancy: A multinational study from ten countries
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Marangoni effect on pool boiling heat transfer enhancement of self-rewetting fluid
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2018
A critical review on measures to suppress flow boiling instabilities in microchannels
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-01-2021
Physical activity and survival among long-term cancer survivor and non-cancer cohorts
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Date: 14-02-2017
What factors contribute to positive early childhood health and development in Australian Aboriginal children? Protocol for a population-based cohort study using linked administrative data (The Seeding
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 18-05-2015
Experimental and theoretical study on an air-source heat pump water heater for northern China in cold winter: Effects of environment temperature and switch of operating modes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
An experimental study on defrosting performance for an air source heat pump unit at different frosting evenness values with melted frost local drainage
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2016
Comparative studies on using RSM and TOPSIS methods to optimize residential air conditioning systems
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2018
Consortium for the Study of Pregnancy Treatments (Co-OPT): An international birth cohort to study the effects of antenatal corticosteroids
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 02-03-2023
DOI: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0282477
Abstract: Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) are widely prescribed to improve outcomes following preterm birth. Significant knowledge gaps surround their safety, long-term effects, optimal timing and dosage. Almost half of women given ACS give birth outside the “therapeutic window” and have not delivered over 7 days later. Overtreatment with ACS is a concern, as evidence accumulates of risks of unnecessary ACS exposure. The Consortium for the Study of Pregnancy Treatments (Co-OPT) was established to address research questions surrounding safety of medications in pregnancy. We created an international birth cohort containing information on ACS exposure and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes by combining data from four national rovincial birth registers and one hospital database, and follow-up through linked population-level data from death registers and electronic health records. The Co-OPT ACS cohort contains 2.28 million pregnancies and babies, born in Finland, Iceland, Israel, Canada and Scotland, between 1990 and 2019. Births from 22 to 45 weeks’ gestation were included 92.9% were at term (≥ 37 completed weeks). 3.6% of babies were exposed to ACS (67.0% and 77.9% of singleton and multiple births before 34 weeks, respectively). Rates of ACS exposure increased across the study period. Of all ACS-exposed babies, 26.8% were born at term. Longitudinal childhood data were available for 1.64 million live births. Follow-up includes diagnoses of a range of physical and mental disorders from the Finnish Hospital Register, diagnoses of mental, behavioural, and neurodevelopmental disorders from the Icelandic Patient Registers, and preschool reviews from the Scottish Child Health Surveillance Programme. The Co-OPT ACS cohort is the largest international birth cohort to date with data on ACS exposure and maternal, perinatal and childhood outcomes. Its large scale will enable assessment of important rare outcomes such as perinatal mortality, and comprehensive evaluation of the short- and long-term safety and efficacy of ACS.
Marangoni effect on microbubbles emission boiling generation during pool boiling of self-rewetting fluid
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2019
Condensate drainage on slit or louvered fins in microchannel heat exchangers for anti-frosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Association Between Methylphenidate and Amphetamine Use in Pregnancy and Risk of Congenital Malformations
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Date: 02-2018
Regular Primary Care Decreases the Likelihood of Mortality in Older People With Epilepsy
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Date: 05-2010
Trends in cesarean birth rates in Iceland over a 19‐year period
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 18-09-2020
DOI: 10.1111/BIRT.12503
Regular primary care lowers hospitalisation risk and mortality in seniors with chronic respiratory diseases
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-04-2010
Energy transfer procession in an air source heat pump unit during defrosting with melted frost locally drainage in its multi-circuit outdoor coil
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2018
An experimental study on defrosting performance of an air source heat pump unit with a multi-circuit outdoor coil at different frosting evenness values
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
Mathematical modeling investigation on flow boiling and high efficiency heat dissipation of two rectangular radial microchannel heat exchangers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
Frosting mechanism and behaviors on surfaces with simple geometries: A state-of-the-art literature review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2022
Unsteady heat transfer properties of spray falling over a horizontal tube in an oily sewage source heat pump
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2020
The state of the art of battery charging infrastructure for electrical vehicles: Topologies, power control strategies, and future trend
Publisher: IEEE
Date: 11-2017
Use of pain management in childbirth among migrant women in Iceland: A population‐based cohort study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 20-02-2022
DOI: 10.1111/BIRT.12619
Abstract: Immigration is rapidly increasing in Iceland with 13.6% of the population holding foreign citizenship in 2020. Earlier findings identified inequities in childbirth care for some women in Iceland. To gain insight into the quality of intrapartum midwifery care, migrant women's use of pain management methods during birth in Iceland was explored. A population‐based cohort study including all women with a singleton birth in Iceland between 2007 and 2018, in total 48 173 births. Logistic regression analyses with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to investigate the relationship between migrant backgrounds defined as holding foreign citizenship and the use of pain management during birth. The main outcome measures were use of nonpharmacological and pharmacological pain management methods. Data from 6097 migrant women were included. Migrant women had higher adjusted OR (aORs) for no use of pain management (aOR = 1.23 95% CI [1.12, 1.34]), when compared to Icelandic women. Migrant women also had lower aORs for the use of acupuncture (0.73 [0.64, 0.83]), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) (0.92 [0.01, 0.67]), shower/bath (0.73 [0.66, 0.82]), aromatherapy (0.59 [0.44, 0.78]), and nitrous oxide inhalation (0.89 [0.83, 0.96]). Human Development Index (HDI) scores of countries of citizenship .900 were associated with lower aORs for the use of various pain management methods. Our results suggest that being a migrant in Iceland is an important factor that limits the use of nonpharmacological pain management, especially for migrant women with citizenship from countries with HDI score .900.
Experimental Investigation and Control of a Hot-Air Tunnel with Improved Performance and Energy Saving
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 11-06-2021
Thermal Stability Experimental Study on Three Types of Organic Binary Phase Change Materials Applied in Thermal Energy Storage System
Publisher: ASME International
Date: 08-05-2018
DOI: 10.1115/1.4039702
Abstract: Phase change materials (PCMs) are widely applied in recent decades due to their good thermal performance in energy systems. Their applications are mainly limited by the phase change temperature and latent heat. Many publications are reported around the characteristic improvement of binary organic PCMs. The thermal stability study on organic binary PCMs used in thermal energy storage applications becomes fundamental and meaningful. In this study, thermal stability of three types of organic binary PCMs was experimentally investigated, which are frequently used in building and industry applications. To qualitatively investigate the stability of composite PCMs, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) spectra testing of s les were also conducted. Experimental results showed that the selected composite PCMs, capric acid (CA), and myristic acid (MA), had the best thermal performances, with its phase change temperature unchanged and heat of fusion decreased only 8.88 J/g, or 4.55%, after 2000 thermal cycles. Furthermore, quality ratio of required PCMs as the variation of operation duration was analyzed to quantitatively prepare the materials. The PCMs can successfully operate about 3125 times when prepared as 1.20 times of its calculated value by starting fusion heat. Conclusions of this research work can also be used for guiding the selection and preparation of other energy storage materials.
Adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes following treatment of adolescent and young adult cancer: A population-based cohort study
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 08-12-2014
Review of experimental data associated with the solidification characteristics of water droplets on a cold plate surface at the early frosting stage
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
An experimental study on improving defrosting performances of air source heat pump unit based on hot-gas bypass method
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 28-11-2022
Dietary supplement use in the older population of Iceland and association with mortality
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Date: 28-05-2017
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114517001313
Abstract: Dietary supplements are often used by the elderly to improve their nutritional status. However, intake above the recommended dietary levels may be detrimental, and uncertainty exists on the potential health benefits of supplementation in this population. The aim of this study was to describe supplement use among Icelandic older adults and to assess its association with total mortality and CVD-related mortality. This study used data from the Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik study, which recruited 5764 participants aged 66–98 years in 2002–2006. Intake of vitamins and minerals from dietary supplements was estimated from interviews. Hazard ratios (HR) for mortality were estimated in multivariate analyses with follow-up ending in 2009. The results showed that most (77 %) of the participants used supplements. Overall, the consumption of vitamins and minerals from supplements was moderate although 22 and 14 % of users exceeded the upper recommended intake levels for vitamin B 6 and Zn, respectively. Supplement users followed in general a healthier lifestyle than non-users. There were 1221 deaths including 525 CVD-related deaths during the follow-up period. When comparing multivitamin users with non-users in multivariable models, no associations with total mortality (HR 0·91 95 % CI: 0·77, 1·08) or CVD-related mortality (HR 0·91 95 % CI 0·70, 1·18) were observed. In conclusion, users of supplements generally lead healthier lifestyles than non-users and supplements did not confer any added advantage or harm relative to mortality risk. However, the intake of vitamin B 6 and Zn from dietary supplements exceeded the recommended daily intake for almost a quarter of the supplement users.
Coupled thermo-mechanical analysis of stresses generated in impact ice during in-flight de-icing
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2020
Neonatal complications in public and private patients: a retrospective cohort study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 2013
Experimental study on the water film thickness under spray impingement based on planar LIF
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2020
Exergetic and economic analyses of a novel modified solar-heat-powered ejection-compression refrigeration cycle comparing with conventional cycle
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2018
Common genetic variability in ESR1 and EGF in relation to endometrial cancer risk and survival
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 24-03-2009
Role of public and private funding in the rising caesarean section rate: A cohort study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 2013
Contributing indications to intrapartum and prelabor cesarean births in Iceland 1997-2015
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-12-2022
DOI: 10.1111/BIRT.12604
Abstract: More research is needed on the relative contributions of different indications for cesarean birth and how they vary with maternal age and across time. We aimed to assess how the relative contribution of various indications varied with age and by time period in a study of intrapartum and prelabor singleton, term cesarean births (CB) in Iceland. The study was restricted to all singleton, term cesarean births in Iceland between 1997 and 2015 identified from the Icelandic Medical Birth Registry (n = 10 856). The contribution of indications was calculated according to maternal age‐ and birth‐year groups for primiparas and multiparas. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. For intrapartum cesarean births, the relative contribution of fetal distress (AOR = 1.35 [95% CI = 1.12‐1.63]) and failed induction (1.53 [1.15‐2.00]) increased with increasing maternal age, whereas dystocia decreased (0.70 [0.58‐0.83]). For prelabor cesarean births, the contribution of malpresentation (0.83 [0.76‐0.91]) and maternal‐fetal‐obstetric indications (0.59 [0.47‐0.74]) decreased with both birth year and maternal age, whereas the contribution of fear of childbirth (1.80 [1.27‐2.54]) and adverse obstetric history (1.24 [1.12‐1.37]) increased. Previous CB as an indication for cesarean increased until the 2007‐2011 time period, after which it decreased. For intrapartum cesarean births, the relative contribution of fetal distress and failed induction increased with maternal age, whereas dystocia decreased. For prelabor cesarean births, the relative contribution of more objective indications decreased, whereas more subjective indications increased with time and with increasing maternal age.
Preface
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Date: 02-2022
Reduction of energy consumption for a TAC system applied to sleeping environments with varying envelope thermal load
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Energetic performance of transcritical CO2 refrigeration cycles with mechanical subcooling using zeotropic mixture as refrigerant
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Numerical study on the operating performances of a novel frost-free air-source heat pump unit using three different types of refrigerant
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2017
Effect of ATM, CHEK2 and ERBB2 TAGSNPs and haplotypes on endometrial cancer risk
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Date: 12-12-2006
DOI: 10.1093/HMG/DDL451
Abstract: Family history of endometrial cancer increases the risk of developing the disease, but it is still largely unknown which germ-line genetic factors are involved in the aetiology of endometrial cancer. In a Swedish population-based case-control study including 705 cases and 1565 controls, we examined common variation in the ATM, CHEK2 and ERBB2 genes in relation to endometrial cancer risk overall, restricted to tumours of certain characteristics or stratified by various endometrial cancer risk factors. We genotyped a large number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes and selected seven haplotype-tagging SNPs (tagSNPs) in ATM, six tagSNPs in CHEK2 and seven tagSNPs in ERBB2 that could predict common variants and haplotypes (frequency > or =0.03) in each gene with R(2) > or = 0.8. We included the tagSNPs or their haplotypes as explanatory variables in unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for age. Our results indicated an increased risk of developing endometroid endometrial cancer for homozygous carriers of the rare allele (AA) of a tagSNP (rs4987886) in CHEK2 (P = 0.005) when contrasted with GG carriers. We also found a decreased endometrial cancer risk among non-smoking carriers of a haplotype in ATM (P = 0.0007) and among carriers of a haplotype in CHEK2, who had experienced menopause below 49 years of age (P = 0.0009) compared with non-carriers of these haplotypes. We found no effect of genetic variation in ERBB2 on endometrial cancer risk. In conclusion, it is possible that common variants in the ATM and CHEK2 genes, in interaction with oestrogen-related exposures, are involved in endometrial cancer aetiology.
Numerical investigation on the heat flux properties of a thermal manikin in sleeping environments applying task/ambient air conditioning
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-02-2021
Intelligent computing approaches to forecast thickness and surface roughness of frost layer on horizontal plates under natural convection
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
Effect of a single 'megadose' intramuscular vitamin D (600,000 IU) injection on vitamin D concentrations and bone mineral density following biliopancreatic diversion surgery.
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 12-2010
DOI: 10.1007/S11695-009-0024-3
Abstract: Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is common following biliopancreatic ersion (BPD). We conducted a prospective open-label study to evaluate the efficacy of a single intramuscular injection with 600,000 IU of cholecalciferol in an arachis oil depot formulation (VitD3, Arachitol Solvay Pharmacia) as an adjunct to regular oral VitD supplementation (Citrical+D) for a period of 12 months following BPD surgery. Some 29 patients who had undergone BPD during 2000-2005 were recruited and received a single injection of 600,000 IU of cholecalciferol. Venous blood VitD, parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ionised calcium and urinary N-telopeptide (NTX) were assessed at baseline and at 1.5, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months post-injection. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined at baseline and 12 months post-injection. VitD concentrations (mean +/- SD) were significantly increased from baseline values (61.5 +/- 18.8 nmol/L) at 1.5 months (92.4 +/- 21.5, p < 0.001), 3 months (100.5 +/- 24.4, p < 0.001) and 6 months (79.1 +/- 20.9, p = 0.014) post-injection, with non-significant elevations at 9 months (73.3 +/- 15.1, p = 0.248) and 12 months (73.4 +/- 17.3, p = 0.278). The proportion of patients with 'normalised' VitD levels was significantly higher at all post-injection time points (range, 93-100%) compared with baseline (71.4% p < 0.01). Ionised calcium and ALP remained within normal levels at baseline and all follow-up time points, although ionised calcium decreased by 3.4% (p = 0.015) and ALP increased by 14.6% (p = 0.021) at 12 months compared with baseline. No significant change in PTH, NTX or BMD was observed. Intramuscular cholecalciferol injection, as an adjunct to oral supplementation, appears a safe and effective method to increase and maintain VitD levels after BPD.
Defrosting for Air Source Heat Pump
Publisher: Elsevier
Date: 2019
Defrosting start control strategy optimization for an air source heat pump unit with the frost accumulation and melted frost downwards flowing considered
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
A numerical study on influences of building envelope heat gain on operating performances of a bed-based task/ambient air conditioning (TAC) system in energy saving and thermal comfort
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2017
Thermal performance of a thin flat heat pipe with grooved porous structure
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2020
Atomoxetine in Early Pregnancy and the Prevalence of Major Congenital Malformations
Publisher: Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc
Date: 16-01-2023
DOI: 10.4088/JCP.22M14430
Use of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies during pregnancy is not associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: A population-based cohort study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 05-02-2020
DOI: 10.1186/S12916-019-1472-9
Abstract: Varenicline, bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) are three effective pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation, but data about their safety in pregnancy are limited. We assessed the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes and major congenital anomalies associated with the use of these therapies in pregnancy in Australia. Perinatal data for 1,017,731 deliveries (2004 to 2012) in New South Wales and Western Australia were linked to pharmaceutical dispensing, hospital admission and death records. We identified 97,875 women who smoked during pregnancy of those, 233, 330 and 1057 were exposed to bupropion, NRT and varenicline in pregnancy, respectively. Propensity scores were used to match exposed women to those who were unexposed to any smoking therapy (1:10 ratio). Propensity scores and gestational age at exposure were used to match varenicline-exposed to NRT-exposed women (1:1 ratio). Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for any adverse perinatal event (a composite of 10 unfavourable maternal and neonatal outcomes) and any major congenital anomaly. The risk of any adverse perinatal event was not significantly different between bupropion-exposed and unexposed women (39.2% versus 39.3%, HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.73–1.19) and between NRT-exposed and unexposed women (44.8% vs 46.3%, HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.84–1.23), but it was significantly lower in women exposed to varenicline (36.9% vs 40.1%, HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.77–0.97). Varenicline-exposed infants were less likely than unexposed infants to be born premature (6.5% vs 8.9%, HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.92), be small for gestational age (11.4% vs 15.4%, HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.56–0.83) and have severe neonatal complications (6.6% vs 8.2%, HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.57–0.96). Among infants exposed to varenicline in the first trimester, 2.9% had a major congenital anomaly (3.5% in unexposed infants, HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.72–1.15). Varenicline-exposed women were less likely than NRT-exposed women to have an adverse perinatal event (38.7% vs 51.4%, HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.33–1.05). Pregnancy exposure to smoking cessation pharmacotherapies does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of adverse birth outcomes. Lower risk of adverse birth outcomes in varenicline-exposed pregnancies is inconsistent with recommendations that NRT be used in preference to varenicline.
Comparative Safety of Antiseizure Medication Monotherapy for Major Malformations
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 12-12-2022
DOI: 10.1002/ANA.26561
Abstract: This study was undertaken to examine the comparative safety of antiseizure medication (ASM) monotherapy in pregnancy with respect to risk of major congenital malformations (MCMs), overall and by MCM subtype. We conducted a population‐based cohort study using national health register data from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden (1996–2020). We compared pregnancies with first trimester exposure to lamotrigine monotherapy to ASM‐unexposed, carbamazepine, valproate, oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, and topiramate to lamotrigine monotherapy, and stratified monotherapy groups by dose. The outcome was nongenetic MCM and specific subtypes. We estimated adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with log‐binomial regression and propensity score weights. There was a higher crude risk of any MCM in pregnancies exposed to lamotrigine monotherapy (n = 8,339) compared to ASM‐unexposed pregnancies (n = 4,866,362), but not after confounder adjustment (aRR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.87–1.08). Compared to lamotrigine, there was an increased risk of malformations associated with valproate (n = 2,031, aRR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.70–2.46) and topiramate (n = 509, aRR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.26–2.60), which increased in a dose‐dependent manner. We found no differences in malformation risk for carbamazepine (n = 2,674, aRR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.72–1.15), oxcarbazepine (n = 1,313, aRR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.83–1.44), or levetiracetam (n = 1,040, aRR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.53–1.13). Valproate was associated with several malformation subtypes, including nervous system, cardiac, oral clefts, clubfoot, and hypospadias, whereas lamotrigine and carbamazepine were not. Topiramate is associated with an increased risk of MCM similar to that associated with valproate, but lower doses may mitigate the risks for both drugs. Conversely, we found no increased risks for lamotrigine, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, or levetiracetam, which is reassuring. ANN NEUROL 2023 :551–562
A modeling study on the heat storage and release characteristics of a phase change material based double-spiral coiled heat exchanger in an air source heat pump for defrosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
The international Perinatal Outcomes in the Pandemic (iPOP) study: protocol
Publisher: F1000 Research Ltd
Date: 02-02-2021
DOI: 10.12688/WELLCOMEOPENRES.16507.1
Abstract: Preterm birth is the leading cause of infant death worldwide, but the causes of preterm birth are largely unknown. During the early COVID-19 lockdowns, dramatic reductions in preterm birth were reported however, these trends may be offset by increases in stillbirth rates. It is important to study these trends globally as the pandemic continues, and to understand the underlying cause(s). Lockdowns have dramatically impacted maternal workload, access to healthcare, hygiene practices, and air pollution - all of which could impact perinatal outcomes and might affect pregnant women differently in different regions of the world. In the international Perinatal Outcomes in the Pandemic (iPOP) Study, we will seize the unique opportunity offered by the COVID-19 pandemic to answer urgent questions about perinatal health. In the first two study phases, we will use population-based aggregate data and standardized outcome definitions to: 1) Determine rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth and describe changes during lockdowns and assess if these changes are consistent globally, or differ by region and income setting, 2) Determine if the magnitude of changes in adverse perinatal outcomes during lockdown are modified by regional differences in COVID-19 infection rates, lockdown stringency, adherence to lockdown measures, air quality, or other social and economic markers, obtained from publicly available datasets. We will undertake an interrupted time series analysis covering births from January 2015 through July 2020. The iPOP Study will involve at least 121 researchers in 37 countries, including obstetricians, neonatologists, epidemiologists, public health researchers, environmental scientists, and policymakers. We will leverage the most disruptive and widespread “natural experiment” of our lifetime to make rapid discoveries about preterm birth. Whether the COVID-19 pandemic is worsening or unexpectedly improving perinatal outcomes, our research will provide critical new information to shape prenatal care strategies throughout (and well beyond) the pandemic.
A study on the effects of different bedding systems on thermal comfort – quantifying the sensitivity coefficient used for calculating Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) in sleeping environments
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Saturated flow boiling inside conventional and mini/micro channels: A new general model for frictional pressure drop using genetic programming
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2021
Algorithm for resolving discrepancies between claims for smoking cessation pharmacotherapies during pregnancy and smoking status in delivery records: The impact on estimates of utilisation
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 30-08-2018
Experimental study on the effect of surface temperature on the frost characteristics of a vertical cold plate under natural convection
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2022
Experimental investigations on destroying surface tension of melted frost for defrosting performance improvement of a multi-circuit outdoor coil
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2016
A modeling study of sessile water droplet on the cold plate surface during freezing under natural convection with gravity effect considered
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2021
Increase in Caesarean Deliveries after the Australian Private Health Insurance Incentive Policy Reforms
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 23-07-2012
Fæðingarsaga kvenna með alvarlega liðbólgusjúkdóma
Publisher: Laeknabladid/The Icelandic Medical Journal
Date: 04-06-2019
Abstract: ntroduction: To collect nationwide data in Iceland on pregnancy and its outcomes among female patients with active inflammatory arthritides we linked two registers, the ICEBIO register and the Icelandic Medical Birth Register. We used multivariate analysis to evaluate the risk of preterm birth, Caesarean section, low Apgar score at 5-minutes and low birth weight among females with inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS)) in comparison with healthy controls matched on age and parity. We also investigated pregnancies before and after the diagnosis of respective rheumatic disease and especially in respect to treatment with TNFα inhibitors (TNFi). In the end of 2016, 723 female patients were registered in ICEBIO as they had received treatment with TNFi due to inflammatory arthritis. Of those, 412 women had given birth to 801 children, whereof 597 were delivered before confirmed diagnosis of the mother and 53 were delivered after the start of the TNFi treatment. Relative risk of Caesarean section among these female with various arthritis conditions were 1.47 (95% CI: 1.19-1.82 p < 0,001) compared to controls and was highest in the group with PsA or 2.06 (1.41-3.02 p<0,001). We did not find increased risk of preterm delivery or low Apgar score. Patients with inflammatory arthritis had lower risk of children with low birth weight or 0.37 compared to healthy controls (95% CI: 0.36-0.37 p < 0.05). Due to low numbers of deliveries after the initiation of TNFi therapy (n=53) we were not able to perform any analysis for that group. Icelandic female patients with inflammatory arthritis are at an increased risk of Caesarean section in comparison to healthy controls. However, their newborns are in good condition and healthy at birth. Analysis of the impact of treatment with TNFi on pregnancy is not yet possible due to limited data.
Design and optimal siting of regional heat-gas-renewable energy system based on building clusters
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2020
A simplified numerical study on the energy performance and thermal environment of a bedroom TAC system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2018
Energy transfer procession in an air source heat pump unit during defrosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2017
Techno-economic analysis on frosting and defrosting operations of an air source heat pump unit applied in a typical cold city
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2018
Frost layer thickness measurement and calculation: A short review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Experimental investigation and seasonal performance assessment of a frost-free ASHP system with radiant floor heating
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
Trends in labor induction indications: A 20‐year population‐based study
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 16-09-2022
DOI: 10.1111/AOGS.14447
Abstract: Use of labor induction has increased rapidly in most middle‐ and high‐income countries over the past decade. The reasons for the stark rise in labor induction are largely unknown. We aimed to assess the extent to which the rising rate of labor induction is explained by changes in rates of underlying indications over time. The study was based on nationwide data from the Icelandic Medical Birth Register on 85 620 singleton births from 1997 to 2018. The rate of labor induction and indications for induction was calculated for all singleton births in 1997–2018. Change over time was expressed as relative risk (RR), using Poisson regression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for maternal characteristics and indications for labor induction. The crude rate of labor induction rose from 12.5% in 1997–2001 to 23.9% in 2014–2018 (crude RR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.81–2.01). While adjusting for maternal characteristics had little impact, adjusting additionally for labor induction indications lowered the RR to 1.43 (95% CI 1.35–1.51). Induction was increasingly indicated from 1997–2001 to 2014–2018 by gestational diabetes (2.4%–16.5%), hypertensive disorders (7.0%–11.1%), prolonged pregnancy (16.2%–23.7%), concerns for maternal wellbeing (3.2%–6.9%) and maternal age (0.5%–1.2%). No indication was registered for 9.2% of inductions in 2014–2018 compared with 16.3% in 1997–2001. Our results show that the increase in labor induction over the study period is largely explained by an increase in various underlying conditions indicating labor induction. However, indications for 9.2% of labor inductions remain unexplained and warrant further investigation.
Investigation on wavy characteristics of shear-driven water film using the planar laser induced fluorescence method
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2019
Operating optimization for improved energy consumption of a TAC system affected by nighttime thermal loads of building envelopes
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 08-2017
Type 2 diabetes and obesity in midlife and breast cancer risk in the Reykjavik cohort
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 10-08-2019
Impacts on the solidification of water on plate surface for cold energy storage using ice slurry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Experimental study on defrosting start control strategy for ASHPs
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 10-2018
Review on the measurement and calculation of frost characteristics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
The optimization of simulated icing environment by adjusting the arrangement of nozzles in an atomization equipment for the anti-icing and deicing of aircrafts
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2020
Design of solar concentrator to compensate the end loss of fixed linear-focus Fresnel lens solar system
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Date: 18-01-2022
An experimental study on time-based start defrosting control strategy optimization for an air source heat pump unit with frost evenly distributed and melted frost locally drained
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2018
An experimental study on even frosting performance of an air source heat pump unit with a multi-circuit outdoor coil
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2016
Prevalence trends and individual patterns of antiepileptic drug use in pregnancy 2006‐2016: A study in the five Nordic countries, United States, and Australia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 03-06-2020
DOI: 10.1002/PDS.5035
Experimental study on the effect of surface temperature on the frost characteristics of an inverted cold plate under natural convection
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2022
Antipsychotic use in pregnancy and risk of attention/deficit-hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder: a Nordic cohort study
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 22-11-2021
DOI: 10.1136/EBMENTAL-2021-300311
Abstract: Antipsychotics are increasingly used among women of childbearing age and during pregnancy. To determine whether children exposed to antipsychotics in utero are at increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), accounting for maternal diagnoses of bipolar, psychotic and other psychiatric disorders. Design Population-based cohort study, including a sibling analysis. Setting Nationwide data on all pregnant women and their live-born singletons in Denmark (1997-2017), Finland (1996-2016), Iceland (2004-2017), Norway (2004-2017), and Sweden (2006-2016). Participants 4 324 086 children were eligible for inclusion to the study cohort. Intervention Antipsychotic exposure in utero , assessed by pregnancy trimester, type of antipsychotic, and varying patterns of use. Main outcome measures Non-mutually exclusive diagnoses of ADHD and ASD. We used Cox proportional hazard models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) controlling for maternal psychiatric disorders and other potential confounding factors. Among 4 324 086 singleton births, 15 466 (0.4%) were exposed to antipsychotics in utero . During a median follow-up of 10 years, we identified 72 257 children with ADHD and 38 674 children with ASD. Unadjusted HRs were raised for both outcomes but shifted substantially towards the null after adjustment 1.10 (95%CI 1.00 to 1.27) for ADHD and 1.12 (0.97 to 1.29) for ASD. Adjusted HRs remained consistent by trimester of exposure and type of antipsychotic. Comparing in utero exposure with pre-pregnancy use yielded HRs of 0.74 (0.62 to 0.87) for ADHD and 0.88 (0.70 to 1.10) for ASD. Sibling analyses yielded HRs of 1.14 (0.79 to 1.64) for ADHD and 1.34 (0.75 to 2.39) for ASD. Our findings suggest little or no increased risk of child ADHD or ASD after in utero exposure to antipsychotics. Results regarding child neurodevelopment are reassuring for women who need antipsychotics during pregnancy.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies following colorectal cancer
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 02-2013
DOI: 10.1007/S00464-012-2774-6
Abstract: The risks of adverse obstetric outcomes among young women survivors of colorectal cancer (CRC) are uncertain. This Western Australian, whole-jurisdictional linked-data, retrospective cohort study compared maternal and neonatal outcomes of first postcancer pregnancies among women CRC survivors against randomly selected pregnancies of women with no cancer history. Logistic regression models were used to investigate a range of adverse outcomes independently associated with CRC and its surgical and adjunctive treatments. Among 627,762 deliveries during the study period (1983-2007), 232 were first pregnancies following CRC. Whether following laparoscopic or open cancer surgery, these pregnancies were independently associated with a significantly increased risk of antepartum hemorrhage [odds ratios (ORs): 1.25 2.13 for the respective procedures], postpartum hemorrhage (ORs: 1.61 3.31), Cesarean delivery (ORs: 2.42 4.24), infant low Apgar score (ORs: 1.32 2.64), need for neonatal resuscitation (ORs: 1.49 3.20), and special care admission (ORs: 1.42 2.87). A history of open (but not laparoscopic) cancer surgery was associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal obstruction during pregnancy (OR 1.17) and prolonged postpartum hospitalization (OR 3.11). Neither was significantly associated with perinatal death. Among women with previous CRC, rectal (versus colonic) malignancy was independently associated with a significantly higher risk of overall maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes (ORs: 3.73 and 2.73, respectively), as was radiotherapy (ORs: 4.24 and 2.81, respectively). Chemotherapy was independently associated with a marginally but significantly higher risk of overall maternal but not neonatal outcomes (ORs: 1.11 0.98). Open versus laparoscopic cancer surgery was associated with a significantly higher risk of antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, low Apgar score, need for neonatal resuscitation, and neonatal special care admission. Previous CRCs, particularly rectal and radiation-treated tumors, appear to confer an increased likelihood of adverse outcomes in subsequent pregnancies. Laparoscopic technique for CRC surgery may reduce adverse gestational outcomes.
Experimental investigation on reverse cycle defrosting performance improvement for an ASHP unit by evenly adjusting the refrigerant distribution in its outdoor coil
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2017
Experimental and numerical study on air flow and moisture transport in sleeping environments with a task/ambient air conditioning (TAC) system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2016
A multi-objective study on the operation of task/ambient air conditioning systems in subtropics
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
Modelling study on freezing process of water droplet on inclined cold plate surface with droplet dynamic behavior considered
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2022
Effects of receiver parameters on the optical performance of a fixed-focus Fresnel lens solar concentrator/cavity receiver system in solar cooker
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 03-2019
Investigations on thermal environment in residential buildings with PCM embedded in external wall
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 12-2017
An experimental study on the effects of downwards flowing of melted frost over a vertical multi-circuit outdoor coil in an air source heat pump on defrosting performance during reverse cycle defrostin
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2014
Review on building energy performance improvement using phase change materials
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2018
Hospital Admissions and Gestational Age at Birth: 18 Years of Follow Up in W estern A ustralia
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 11-2014
DOI: 10.1111/PPE.12155
Abstract: Infants born moderate to late preterm are twice as likely to be rehospitalised within the first few weeks following discharge from the birth admission. It is not understood how rehospitalisation risk changes with age or how risks have changed over time. A retrospective birth cohort study of all live, singleton births in Western Australia 1 January 1980-31 December 2010, without congenital anomalies, followed to 18 years of age. Rehospitalisation rates for gestational age categories (<28, 28-31, 32-33, 34-36, 37-38 and ≥42 weeks) were compared with term births (39-41 weeks) using negative binomial regression. To assess whether rehospitalisation risk changed with age or over time, analyses were conducted for different age intervals and for 5-year birth cohorts. Rehospitalisation rates were higher up to 18 years for all preterm and early term categories including early term (37-38 weeks) [130.2/1000 person-years at risk (pyr) 95% confidence interval 129.1, 131.4] late preterm (34-36 weeks) (164.2/1000 pyr 161.1, 167.4), and post-term (≥42 weeks) (115.3/1000 pyr 111.7, 119.0) compared with term births (109.1/1000 pyr 108.5, 109.7). The effect of gestational age on rehospitalisation was highest during the first year of life and declined by adolescence [e.g. 34-36 weeks: rate ratio = 2.10 (2.04, 2.15) for 29 days-1 year 1.14 (1.11, 1.18) for 12-18 years]. The risk of rehospitalisation up to 1 year of age has declined since 1980, except for those born <32 weeks. Rehospitalisation risk is greater for singleton children born at all gestational ages compared with those born full term. This effect of gestational age on rehospitalisation is highest in the first year post-discharge, but has almost disappeared by adolescence.
Obstetric interventions, trends, and drivers of change: A 20‐year population‐based study from Iceland
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 24-04-2018
DOI: 10.1111/BIRT.12353
Abstract: Population data on obstetric interventions is often limited to cesarean delivery. We aimed to provide a more comprehensive overview of trends in use of several common obstetric interventions over the past 2 decades. The study was based on nationwide data from the Icelandic Medical Birth Register. Incidence of labor induction, epidural analgesia, cesarean, and instrumental delivery was calculated for all births in 1995-2014. Change over time was expressed as relative risk (RR), using Poisson regression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for several maternal and pregnancy-related characteristics. Analyses were stratified by women's parity and diagnosis of diabetes or hypertensive disorder. During the study period, there were 81 389 intended vaginal births and 5544 elective cesarean deliveries. Among both primiparous and multiparous women, we observed a marked increase across time for labor induction (RR 1.78 [CI 1.67-1.91] and RR 1.83 [CI 1.73-1.93], respectively) and epidural analgesia (RR 1.40 [CI 1.36-1.45] and RR 1.74 [CI 1.66-1.83], respectively). A similar trend of smaller magnitude was observed among women with hypertensive disorders but no time trend was observed among women with diabetes. Incidence of cesarean and instrumental delivery remained stable across time. The use of labor induction and epidural analgesia increased considerably over time, while the cesarean delivery rate remained low and stable. Increases in labor induction and epidural analgesia were most pronounced for women without a diagnosis of diabetes or hypertensive disorder and were not explained by maternal characteristics such as advanced age.
Energy and advanced exergy analyses of novel ejector-compressor partially coupled refrigeration cycle for buildings with less solar energy
Publisher: AIP Publishing
Date: 07-2022
DOI: 10.1063/5.0102885
Abstract: Solar-driven ejection–compression refrigeration is helpful for building space cooling but is based on the precondition of solar heat being infinite and free. This is not valid in many cases, such as multistorey buildings in metropolises with limited space. Even worse, in the carbon-neutral future, space surrounding buildings will be occupied by PV (photovoltaic) panels in priority. Therefore, a potential ejector-partially coupled enhanced compression refrigeration cycle consuming less heat is presented. Models of the new cycle for a multistorey building are established. Then, energy comparison and advanced exergy analysis are conducted. The analysis results first show that the new cycle needs no auxiliary system. Powered by limited low-grade heat, its COPe increased by 20.66% and total annual cost reduced by 7.8%, compared with the traditional ejector–compressor cycle. Advanced exergy analysis also finds that the order of improvement potential is compressor (4739.45 W), evaporator (4329.85 W), and condenser (2843.51 W), according to the sum of avoidable exergy destruction. This is different from the results of conventional exergy analysis. The sensitivity analysis of the ejector components' efficiencies is investigated, which has seldom been reported for refrigeration system with ejector. The results reveal that once the efficiencies of ejector components reach a certain point (0.94), the performance no longer improves. Generally, this work provides a potential ejection–compression cycle, demonstrates system improvement direction through advanced exergy analysis, and reveals good understanding of the system.
Tobacco policy reform and population-wide antismoking activities in Australia: the impact on smoking during pregnancy.
Publisher: BMJ
Date: 04-08-2017
DOI: 10.1136/TOBACCOCONTROL-2017-053715
Abstract: This study examined the impact of antismoking activities targeting the general population and an advertising c aign targeting smoking during pregnancy on the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Monthly prevalence of smoking during pregnancy was calculated using linked health records for all pregnancies resulting in a birth (800 619) in NSW from 2003 to 2011. Segmented regression of interrupted time series data assessed the effects of the extension of the ban on smoking in enclosed public places to include licensed premises (evaluated in combination with the mandating of graphic warnings on cigarette packs), television advertisements targeting smoking in the general population, print and online magazine advertisements targeting smoking during pregnancy and increased tobacco tax. Analyses were conducted for all pregnancies, and for the population stratified by maternal age, parity and socioeconomic status. Further analyses adjusted for the effect of the Baby Bonus maternity payment. Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy decreased from 2003 to 2011 overall (0.39% per month), and for all strata examined. For pregnancies overall, none of the evaluated initiatives was associated with a change in the trend of smoking during pregnancy. Significant changes associated with increased tobacco tax and the extension of the smoking ban (in combination with graphic warnings) were found in some strata. The declining prevalence of smoking during pregnancy between 2003 and 2011, while encouraging, does not appear to be directly related to general population antismoking activities or a pregnancy-specific c aign undertaken in this period.
Energy performance of a bedroom task/ambient air conditioning (TAC) system applied in different climate zones of China
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 09-2018
Mathematical modelling and optimization of the liquid separation condenser used in organic Rankine cycle
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2017
Sustainable and clean oilfield development: Optimal operation of wastewater treatment and recycling system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2020
Mortality in Western Australian seniors with chronic respiratory diseases: a cohort study
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 07-2010
Twin birth rates and obstetric interventions in Iceland: A nationwide study from 1997 to 2018
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 02-05-2023
DOI: 10.1002/IJGO.14817
Abstract: Twin pregnancies are associated with increased antepartum and intrapartum risks. Limited multiple embryo transfers are associated with decreased twin birth rates. We aimed to study the effect of 2009 Icelandic regulations on twin birth rates and examine obstetric intervention rates for twin births during the study period. The study included all births ( N = 94 028) in Iceland during 1997–2018. Twin birth rates and obstetric intervention rates were compared over birth year periods using modified Poisson regression adjusted for confounders. An observed decrease in the twin birth rate trend was most notable from 2006 until 2009. Twin birth decreased in 2009–2013 (prevalence ratio [PR] 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64–0.86) and in 2014–2018 (PR 0.74, 95% CI 0.64–0.86) compared with 1997–2002. This decrease was only evident for women aged 30+ years in stratified analysis. Induction of labor rates increased from 26% in 1997–2002 to 44% in 2014–2018 (adjusted rate ratio [ARR] 2.10, 95% CI 1.72–2.57) whereas elective cesarean section (ARR 0.80, 95% CI 0.59–1.07) and urgent cesarean section (ARR 0.79, 95% CI 0.63–1.00) rates appeared to decline. Twin births decreased during the study period. International guidelines published before the Icelandic regulations may have affected twin birth rates in Iceland. Induction of labor rates for twins increased while cesarean section rates decreased.
A numerical study on frosting and its early stage under forced convection conditions with surface and environmental factors considered
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 06-2021
Deep learning-based feature engineering methods for improved building energy prediction
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 04-2019
Preterm births in Iceland 1997‐2016: Preterm birth rates by gestational age groups and type of preterm birth
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 19-11-2019
DOI: 10.1111/BIRT.12467
Abstract: The frequency of preterm births has been increasing globally, mainly due to a rise in iatrogenic late preterm births. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of preterm births in Iceland during 1997‐2016 by type of preterm birth. This study included all live births in Iceland during 1997‐2016 identified from the Icelandic Medical Birth Registry. Risk of preterm birth by time period was assessed with Poisson regression models adjusted for demographic variables and indications for iatrogenic births. The study population included 87 076 infants, of which 4986 (5.7%) were preterm. The preterm birth rate increased from 5.3% to 6.1% (adjusted rate ratio [ARR] = 1.16, confidence interval [CI] = 1.07‐1.26) between 1997‐2001 and 2012‐2016 overall. The increase was only evident in multiples (ARR 1.41, 95% CI 1.21‐1.65), not singletons (1.07, 0.97‐1.19). The rate of late preterm births (34‐36 weeks) increased significantly (1.24, 1.14‐1.40), and the rate of iatrogenic preterm births more than doubled during this period even after adjustment for identified medical indications (2.40, 2.00‐2.88). The rate of spontaneous preterm births decreased during the study period (0.63, 0.55‐0.73), and the rate of PPROM increased (1.31, 1.09‐1.57). The most common contributing indications for iatrogenic births were fetal distress (26.2%), hypertensive disorders (18.2%), and severe preecl sia (16.9%). Preterm birth rates increased in multiples in Iceland between 1997 and 2016, and late and iatrogenic preterm births increased overall. The increase in iatrogenic preterm births remained significant after adjusting for medical indications, suggesting that other factors might be affecting the rise.
Cancer Survival and Excess Mortality Estimates among Adolescents and Young Adults in Western Australia, 1982-2004: A Population-Based Study
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 06-02-2013
Evaluating Effects of Building Envelope Thermal Loads on Energy use and Thermal Comfort for a Bedroom TAC System
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 05-2017
Experimental investigation on the thermodynamic performance of double-row liquid–vapor separation microchannel condenser
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 07-2016
Genetic Variants in ER Cofactor Genes and Endometrial Cancer Risk
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Date: 02-08-2012
Using quality indicators to compare outcomes of permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation among publicly and privately funded patients
Publisher: Wiley
Date: 28-07-2015
DOI: 10.1111/IMJ.12762
Abstract: Funding source/insurance status has been associated with disparity in the management and outcomes of cardiovascular disease, with poorer outcomes among disadvantaged groups. Using proposed quality indicators for permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation and administrative data, this study aimed to determine whether quality indicator-based outcomes of PPM implantation were comparable for publicly and privately funded patients within Australia's two-tier health system. A population-based cohort study of adults implanted with a PPM between 1995 and 2009 in Western Australia. The association of funding outcomes derived from linked administrative data was tested in multivariate logistic regression models. There were 9748 PPMs implanted, 48% being among privately funded patients. The mean age was 75 years for both public and private patients. Private patients had better health status (fewer with cardiac conditions and lower non-cardiac comorbidity scores), were less likely to be an emergency admission (33% vs 60%, P < 0.001) and more likely to have dual- or triple-chamber pacing. Mean length of stay was significantly greater for private patients (4.3 (standard deviation 6.3) vs 5.1 (6.8) days <0.001), related to longer elective admissions. Crude mortality was lower for private patients in-hospital (0.7 vs 1.3%), 30-day post-procedure (1.3 vs 2.1%) and at 1 year (7.3 vs 9.5%). Emergency admission, comorbidity and other demographic and clinical factors, not funding source, were significant predictors of these outcomes. There was no difference between publicly and privately funded patients in study outcomes, after adjustment for demographic and clinical factors. The exception was longer hospital stay for elective PPM among privately funded patients.
Robust and universal predictive models for frictional pressure drop during two-phase flow in smooth helically coiled tube heat exchangers
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 08-10-2021
DOI: 10.1038/S41598-021-99476-6
Abstract: There is a lack of well-verified models in the literature for the prediction of the frictional pressure drop (FPD) in the helically coiled tubes at different conditions/orientations. In this study, the robust and universal models for estimating two-phase FPD in smooth coiled tubes with different orientations were developed using several intelligent approaches. For this reason, a databank comprising 1267 experimental data s les was collected from 12 independent studies, which covers a broad range of fluids, tube diameters, coil diameters, coil axis inclinations, mass fluxes, saturation temperatures, and vapor qualities. The earlier models for straight and coiled tubes were examined using the collected database, which showed absolute average relative error (AARE) higher than 21%. The most relevant dimensionless groups were used as models’ inputs, and the neural network approach of multilayer perceptron and radial basis functions (RBF) were developed based on the homogenous equilibrium method. Although both intelligent models exhibited excellent accuracy, the RBF model predicted the best results with AARE 4.73% for the testing process. In addition, an explicit FPD model was developed by the genetic programming (GP), which showed the AARE of 14.97% for all data points. Capabilities of the proposed models under different conditions were described and, the sensitivity analyses were performed.
PMV-based dynamic optimization of energy consumption for a residential task/ambient air conditioning system in different climate zones
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 11-2019
Analysis of climate zones’ effects on energy consumption of a bedroom TAC system
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 02-2019
An experimental study on the dynamic frosting characteristics on the edge zone of a horizontal copper plate under forced convection
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2023
A modeling study on alleviating uneven defrosting for a vertical three-circuit outdoor coil in an air source heat pump unit during reverse cycle defrosting
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Date: 2016
Numerical study on supply parameters’ influence on ventilation performance of a personalized air conditioning system for sleeping environments
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Date: 28-04-2022
Experimental Study on Solidification Characteristics of Sessile Urine Droplets on a Horizontal Cold Plate Surface under Natural Convection.
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Date: 13-06-2022
DOI: 10.1021/ACS.LANGMUIR.2C01154
Abstract: As the human excreta, urine is often used as one of the test materials in medical research due to its composition and content directly reflecting the health status of the body. Considering that the substances in urine may show different effects on its freezing process, solidification characteristics of sessile urine droplets on a horizontal cold plate surface under natural convection were experimentally investigated by comparing with those of water droplets under same conditions. To make the conclusion analysis more reasonable, the urine of a human without any diseases, especially metabolic diseases, was treated and used. The characteristics include nucleation location, dynamic variation of droplet color, and temperatures at different heights inside the droplet, and so forth. It was found that, similar to that of a water droplet, the solidification process of a urine droplet also experiences the following four stages: supercooling, recalescence, freezing, and cooling, in chronological order. Differently, the urine droplet changes from transparent to blur white at the supercooling stage due to the precipitation of inorganic salts. For nucleation locations, 46.67% cases are at the bottom, while others are at the top and middle of urine droplets. For a 10 μL droplet on a surface of -30 °C, urine has a 0.95 s freezing duration shorter than water, and a 5.31 °C lower phase-transition temperature. Results of this study are expected to reflect the content of substances in urine and thus provide references for urinalysis of patients with metabolic diseases.
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